CN103563622A - High efficient and environmental friendly cutting seedling method of vine plants - Google Patents
High efficient and environmental friendly cutting seedling method of vine plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN103563622A CN103563622A CN201310477383.7A CN201310477383A CN103563622A CN 103563622 A CN103563622 A CN 103563622A CN 201310477383 A CN201310477383 A CN 201310477383A CN 103563622 A CN103563622 A CN 103563622A
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Abstract
The invention provides a high efficient and environmental friendly cutting seedling method of vine plants. The method comprises the steps of substrate preparation, scion preparation, cutting treatment, cutting, substrate placement, full exposure atomizing management and seedling exercising and germinating. After the method is adopted for cutting propagation, the period is short, the operation is convenient, the rooting rate is high, the shape of the cutting substrate is controllable, transportation and application are facilitated, and cutting seedlings produced by adopting the method are wide in application range, and can be both applied to conventional greening and three-dimensional greening.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate more specifically to a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method.
Background technology
Along with China's rapid development of economy, the raising day by day of exhausting level, people more and more pay attention to ecological graceful human settlement's construction, in order to improve to greatest extent urban green coverage rate, in the situation that urban land is very nervous, the greening application of liane is more and more extensive.
At present, liane be take cottage propagation as main, and conventional matrix has yellow mud, vermiculite, perlite, peat soil, river sand etc. aborning.The host material that these are conventional, aspect the physical and chemical performances such as porosity, gas-water ratio, acid-base value, substantially can meet liane growth demand, but in operating process, exist following not enough: in (1) matrix, weed seed and pathogen content are high, before using, need sterilization, increase operational sequence and production cost, easily caused environmental pollution simultaneously; (2), in cuttage seeding during basin, the normal part of matrix comes off, and easily causes cuttage seeding fibrous root to come to harm, and affects the survival rate of plant; (3) in the vertical greening application process of city, the water conservation time of matrix own is shorter, and irrigation times is frequent, and nutrient loss is serious, and matrix granule easily comes off, and maintenance management workload increases; (4) use for a long time, matrix easily hardens, and preserve moisture and fertility power significantly reduces.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to make up the deficiency of existing liane cutting propagation technology, a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method is provided, short, easy and simple to handle, high-efficiency environment friendly of breeding cycle.
The enforcement time: the annual 5-10 month liane season of growth of the Yangtze river basin all can implement.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) matrix is prepared: adopt the happy matrix as cuttage of U.S.A Bao Fu section that all (Shanghai) gardening Co., Ltd produces of getting profit from Toyota three, be soaked in water standby, its medium and small sizes matrix need be by diagonal dedolation to the suitable degree of depth.(2) fringe bar is prepared: select robust growth without the healthy plant of damage by disease and insect as adopting fringe maternal plant, except the rainy day, generally before 9: 00 mornings or after 15: 00 afternoons, adopt fringe bar and be advisable;
(3) cuttings is processed: cutting is processed 5-10s through NAA root-growing agent, cuttage in time;
(4) cuttage: 5-6 fringe bar, between the plug flat of 10 °-20 °, inserted in treated fringe strip adoption inclination angle on the cutting medium of each medium size, each slotting fringe bar of four interfaces of its medium and small sizes and medium size, small size cornerwise incision is inserted 1-2 fringe bar;
(5) matrix is placed: the matrix containing fringe bar is put into nutritive cube, by hole, put in floral disc, transfer on the overhead seedbed in greenhouse;
(6) full exposure spraying is managed: cuttage initial stage cuttings end will remain that blade face is moistening while forming callus, improves the frequency of spraying, after formation callus, can suitably reduce, and according to temperature, suitably control and shade, after 20 days, 90% above cuttage rooting;
(7) hardening and emerging
Hardening after cuttage rooting, makes matrix keep leather hard during hardening, after 7-14 days, when cuttage seeding root system is covered with whole cutting medium surface, when young sprout launches a pair of complete leaf, can emerge.
Described matrix is prepared as new matrix medium size (medium size: 3 cun, small size: 72 cave hole sizes, trumpet is pressed the oblique partial application of diagonal, the degree of depth is 2/3, and trumpet is a part for medium size, during cuttage, as the fixing stopper of cuttings, uses) be immersed in water, soak 20-30min, after its full of water, give over to standbyly, must guard against with hand extruding, keep the good aqueous vapor ratio of matrix;
Described fringe bar is for choosing the healthy and strong branch of raw semi-lignified then, be cut into and be about 4-6cm cuttings, every cuttings band 2-3 joint, first joint 0.3cm place, top straight snips of cuttings morphology upper end, retain top 1-2 sheet leaf, tiltedly cut at first joint 0.5-1cm place, bottom, morphology lower end, and clip is level and smooth, becomes the shape of a hoof;
It is fringe bar bottom 2cm to be dipped into the NAA(methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 400-500ppm that described cuttings is processed) in root-growing agent, after quickly dipped 5-10s, cuttage rapidly, guarantees that fringe bar will be with cutting with dipping in inserting;
Described cottage method be according to liane under adapt circumstance condition, on joint, easily produce this characteristic of aerial root, tloig-cutlage adopts inclination angle between the plug flat of 10 °-20 °, and first joint of fringe bar morphology lower end is inserted in matrix, on the cutting medium of each medium size, insert 5-6 fringe bar, each inserts a fringe bar four interfaces of its medium and small sizes and medium size, and small size cornerwise incision is inserted 1-2 fringe bar;
It is that the matrix that is plugged fringe bar is put in the nutritive cube of 12*10cm that described matrix is placed, and reduces cutting medium at extraneous bare area, further reduces water evaporation quantity; Avoid root system of plant exposed withered in air, guarantee the full of root system; The cuttage seeding of handling well is put in 24 hole floral discs (length is respectively 55cm, 36.5cm, 6.5cm), each Kong Fangyi; After floral disc is put on the overhead seedbed in greenhouse, every four floral discs are put into a line;
Full exposure spraying administration period, cuttage initial stage cuttings end will remain that blade face is moistening while forming callus, 5-10 second is sprayed in cuttage for initial three days the every 15-20 of fine day minute, within cloudy every 20-30 minute, sprays 5-10 second; After forming callus, extend off time, within the every 25-30 of fine day minute, spray 5-10 second, within cloudy every 40-45 minute, spray 5-10 second, keep the moistening of cutting medium, generally within 15-18 days, irrigate once.Fine day outdoor temperature is higher than 25 ℃, and illumination surpasses 40000lx sunshade, windows and starts wet curtain and fan for cooling, keeps indoor temperature to be no more than 38 ℃, after 20 days, and 90% above cuttage rooting;
During hardening, fine day morning, each spray in afternoon once, are sprayed 20-30s at every turn, overcast and rainyly substantially do not spray, and progressively increase the open hour in skylight, make matrix keep half-dried, prevent that moisture content from too much causing that root system is too tender affects shoot survival percent.
The invention has the advantages that, liane cuttage is in new medium, through disinfecting, lightly clean in cutting medium production process, can avoid insect pest and the disease of cuttings during cuttage; Matrix nutrition is abundant, and water suction, moisture holding capacity are strong, guarantees moisture and the nutrient supply of liane fringe bar abundance; Cutting medium shape is controlled, can meet the various application needs of liane in the vertical greening of city; Cuttage place, on overhead seedbed, greenhouse, avoids root elongation to penetrate in soil, reduces the infectious rate of earth's surface germ; The cottage propagation cycle is short, easy and simple to handle, and rooting rate is high; Cuttage seeding is neatly light and handy, is convenient to transportation, after emerging, can directly apply.
Because liane major part has aerial root, suitable air humidity contributes to the formation of aerial root, and the speed of taking root of taking root in speed ratio matrix of aerial root is fast, therefore fringe strip adoption inclination angle is in order to avoid under prerequisite that fringe bar rots between the plug flat of 10 °-20 ° when cuttage, the aerial root newly growing is pricked in matrix, improved plant establishment rate.The happy material of Bao Fu section is similar to sponge, and directly cuttings bar, likely fractures fringe bar, and by tloig-cutlage to four interface and diagonal cut place, can reduce resistance, avoids the fracture appearance of phenomenon of fringe bar.The different number of cuttage in the happy different model of every Plants Bao Fu section, be according to the morphological characters of plant and can rapid shaping etc. aspect determine.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Cuttage object: floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide, multicolored trachelospermum jasminoide, gold trachelospermum jasminoide, golden heart wintercreeper euonymus;
Implement place: cuttage greenhouse, base, afforestation limited company green hill, Hangzhou.
On June 1st, 2012, select four kinds of liane robust growth such as floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide without the healthy plant of damage by disease and insect as adopting fringe maternal plant, get the healthy and strong branch of raw semi-lignified then, be cut into and be about 4cm cuttings, every cuttings band 2 joints, first joint 0.3cm place, top straight snips of cuttings morphology upper end, retain 2, top leaf, tiltedly cut at first joint 0.5 place, bottom, morphology lower end, and clip is level and smooth, becomes the shape of a hoof; Cuttings bottom 2cm is dipped in the NAA root-growing agent of 500ppm, quickly dipped 10s, keeps the rapid plug flat of angle of 15 ° in waterishlogged 3 cun of matrix, inserts 6 fringe bars in each matrix; The matrix that is plugged fringe bar is put in the nutritive cube of 12*10, puts on 24 hole holders, holder is put on the overhead seedbed in greenhouse; Initial three days fine days of cuttage spray in every 20 minutes 10 seconds, every 30 minutes of cloudy day spray 10 seconds; After forming callus, extend off time, fine day spray in every 30 minutes 10 seconds, every 45 minutes of cloudy day spray 10 seconds, keeps the moistening of cutting medium, within general 15 days, irrigates once.Fine day outdoor temperature is higher than 25 ℃, illumination surpasses 40000lx sunshade, window, start fan and adopt Wet-curtain temperature reducing, keep indoor temperature to be no more than 38 ℃, June 21, the discovery of statistics rooting percent, the rooting rate of four strains is respectively: floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide: 96.5%, multicolored trachelospermum jasminoide: 94.4%, gold trachelospermum jasminoide: 95.6%, golden heart wintercreeper euonymus: 91%; Each kind hardening all can be emerged for 10 days afterwards.
Embodiment 2
Cuttage object: ivy, Italian trachelospermum jasminoide;
Implement place: cuttage greenhouse, base, afforestation limited company green hill, Hangzhou.
On July 1st, 2012, select ivy, Italian trachelospermum jasminoide robust growth without the healthy plant of damage by disease and insect as adopting fringe maternal plant, get the healthy and strong branch of raw semi-lignified then, be cut into and be about 6cm cuttings, every cuttings band 2 joints, first joint 0.3cm place, top straight snips of cuttings morphology upper end, retain 2, top leaf, tiltedly cut at following 0.5 place of first joint, morphology lower end, and clip is level and smooth, becomes the shape of a hoof; Cuttings bottom 2cm is dipped in the NAA root-growing agent of 500ppm, quickly dipped 10s, keeps the rapid plug flat of angle of 15 ° in waterishlogged 3 cun of matrix, inserts 5 fringe bars in each matrix; The matrix that is plugged fringe bar is put in the nutritive cube of 12*10, puts on 24 hole holders, holder is put on the overhead seedbed in greenhouse; Initial three days fine days of cuttage spray in every 20 minutes 10 seconds, every 30 minutes of cloudy day spray 10 seconds; After forming callus, extend off time, fine day spray in every 30 minutes 10 seconds, every 45 minutes of cloudy day spray 10 seconds, keeps the moistening of cutting medium, within general 18 days, irrigates once.Fine day outdoor temperature is higher than 25 ℃, and illumination surpasses 40000lx sunshade, windows, starts fan and adopt Wet-curtain temperature reducing, keep indoor temperature to be no more than 38 ℃, July 21, statistics rooting percent is found, ivy rooting rate is 94%, and Italian trachelospermum jasminoide rooting rate is 93%; 12 days latter two kinds of hardening all can be emerged.
It needs to be noted, the mode of above-described embodiment only limits to describe embodiment, but the present invention is confined to aforesaid way incessantly, and those skilled in the art can modify easily accordingly in not departing from the scope of the present invention, therefore scope of the present invention should comprise disclosed principle and the maximum magnitude of new feature.
Claims (9)
1. a liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) matrix is prepared: adopt “Bao Fu section pleasure " as the matrix of cuttage, be soaked in water standby;
(2) fringe bar is prepared: select robust growth without the healthy plant of damage by disease and insect as adopting fringe maternal plant, except the rainy day, before 9: 00 mornings or after 15: 00 afternoons, adopt fringe bar;
(3) cuttings is processed: cutting is processed 5-10s through NAA root-growing agent, cuttage in time;
(4) matrix is placed: the matrix containing fringe bar is put into nutritive cube, by hole, put in floral disc, transfer on the overhead seedbed in greenhouse;
(5) full exposure spraying is managed: cuttage initial stage cuttings end will remain that blade face is moistening while forming callus, improves the frequency of spraying, reduces the frequency of spraying after formation callus, keeps indoor temperature to be no more than 38 ℃, after 20 days, and 90% above cuttage rooting;
(6) hardening and emerging: hardening after cuttage rooting, during hardening, make matrix keep leather hard, when cuttage seeding root system is covered with whole cutting medium surface, when launching a pair of complete leaf, young sprout can emerge.
2. a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in the matrix preparation of step (1), cutting medium comprises small size matrix and medium size matrix, and matrix soak time is 20-30min.
3. a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the concrete operation method of cuttage is in described step (3): treated fringe strip adoption inclination angle is between the plug flat of 10 °-20 °, on each medium size cutting medium, insert 5-6 fringe bar, each inserts a fringe bar four interfaces of its medium and small sizes and medium size, and small size cornerwise incision is inserted 1-2 fringe bar.
4. a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that full exposure spraying administration period, and initial three days fine days of cuttage sprayed 5-10 second every 15-20 minute, and the cloudy day sprayed 5-10 second every 20-30 minute; After forming callus, extend off time, fine day sprayed 5-10 second every 25-30 minute, and the cloudy day sprayed 5-10 second every 40-45 minute, kept the moistening of cutting medium, generally within 15-18 days, irrigated once.
5. a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that full exposure spraying administration period, and fine day outdoor temperature, higher than 25 ℃, is carried out sunshade when illumination surpasses 40000lx, windows and opens wet curtain and fan for cooling.
6. a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described fringe bar is for selecting to get the healthy and strong branch of raw semi-lignified then, be cut into and be about 4-6cm cuttings, every cuttings band 2-3 joint, first joint 0.3cm place, top straight snips of cuttings morphology upper end, retains top 1-2 sheet leaf, and tiltedly cut at first joint 0.5-1cm place, bottom, morphology lower end, clip is level and smooth, becomes the shape of a hoof.
7. a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, the concentration that it is characterized in that NAA is 400-500ppm.
8. a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method as described in as arbitrary in claim 1 or 7, is characterized in that it is that fringe bar bottom 2cm is dipped in NAA root-growing agent that described cuttings is processed, after quickly dipped 5-10s, and cuttage rapidly.
9. a kind of liana class plant efficient environmental protection cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that during hardening fine day morning, each spraying in afternoon once, sprays 20-30s at every turn, does not overcast and rainyly spray, and makes matrix keep leather hard.
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| CN105052445A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Cutting propagation method of birthwort |
| CN105075550A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-25 | 黄弘 | Folded vine planting method |
| CN105706820A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-06-29 | 江汉大学 | Oriental cherry cutting propagation method |
| CN112772164A (en) * | 2020-12-27 | 2021-05-11 | 福建山瓜瓜农业发展有限公司 | Mother stem-taking cutting seedling-raising method for breeding excellent variety of wild vine plant |
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| CN103563622B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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