CN101578948A - Method for grafting watermelon by utilizing millstone pumpkin as stock - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for grafting watermelon by utilizing a millstone pumpkin as a stock, which comprises the steps of seed selecting and disinfecting, firstly soaking seeds (millstone pumpkin seeds and watermelon seeds) into a well-prepared water tank filled with two parts of boiled water and one part of cool water, wherein the water temperature after mixing is 60-70 DEG C and the water quantity is five times than the seed quantity; then fully stirring, rinsing the seeds with clean water after the temperature is lowered down to 37 DEG C, later soaking the rinsed seeds in the clean water for 11-12 hours, fishing out and putting the seeds in a constant temperature cabinet for accelerating germination; subsequently earthing up, sowing and grafting, wherein the grafting can be implemented by using a peg graft method, an approach grafting method and a cleft grafting method; after grafting, sprinkling water mist on the second day, photosynthesizing and permanent planting after 20-25 days. The watermelon grafting method is characterized by reducing blight, improving output and controlling survival rate to be over 95 percent.

Description

A kind of grafting method that utilizes millstone pumpkin for the stock grafting watermelon

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of grafting method of grafting watermelon, mainly is to utilize the method for local millstone pumpkin for the stock grafting watermelon.

Background technology

The watermelon grafting cultivation is one and prevents damage by disease and insect, the effective measures that increase output, are easy to operate, and utilizes the disease resistance of stock and huge root system, and the survival rate on watermelon continuous cropping ground is controlled at more than 93%.The watermelon grafting method has multiple, such as peg graft, be abutted against, amplexiform, cleft grafting etc., the method for plant propagation with cutting is simpler and easy, the survival rate height extensively is employed.At Wannan mountainous area, great majority utilize millstone pumpkin to make stock, in the process of grafting because using method is incorrect, defective such as cause watermelon blight, yield poorly, survival rate has only about 80%.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome weak point of the prior art, be to provide a kind of advanced person's insertion method, minimizing fusarium wilt, raising output, survival rate to be controlled at the watermelon grafting method more than 95%.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

1, seed selection and sterilization, at first seed (millstone pumpkin seed, watermelon seed) is immersed respectively in the deployed tank, water in the tank is that two parts of 100 ℃ of boiling water of employing and the mixed water temperature of a cold water are 60 ℃-70 ℃, the water yield is 5 times of grain weight, fully stir then, after treating that water temperature is reduced to 37 ℃, with clear water seed is carried out rinsing, the seed after the rinsing soaks to pull out in 11-12 hour with clear water again and is placed on vernalization in the insulating box;

2, ridging is converted 50 kilograms in water with 400 milliliters of 30%-40% formalin and is spurted equably on pregnant urine soil, covers warm native 5-10 days with plastic film again, opens plastic film prior to seeding in one day, to the soil stirring of loosening the soil, treats to sow in second day;

3, sowing, millstone pumpkin seed were than watermelon seed early sowing 4-6 days, and the bed temperature before emerging remains on 25--28 ℃, remain on 20--25 ℃ after emerging, be the best period of grafting in 1015 days behind the seed sprouting of millstone pumpkin, it is aeration-cooling that grafting was opened plastic film in preceding 2-4 days, suitably moisturizing;

4, grafting can be carried out grafting with methods such as the method for plant propagation with cutting, pith-cambium grafting method, cleft grafts, after the grafting second day sprays water smoke, carries out photosynthesis, just can field planting after 20-25 days.

Use the watermelon of this method grafting, survival rate height, output height suit to promote at Wannan mountainous area, and main feature is as follows:

1, resistance against diseases is strong, and to fusarium wilt, climing rot and mosaic virus, to compare resistance against diseases as stock stronger with other;

2, output height, with millstone pumpkin anvil seedling and the grafting of watermelon seedling, its output is compared with own-rooted tree and is improved 20%-30%, and bears fruit in advance;

3, the grafting affinity with millstone pumpkin anvil seedling and watermelon seedling is good, symbiosis affinity is strong;

4, soil property is required not strict, can continuous cropping, strong stress resistance.

Embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the embodiments.

At first seed (millstone pumpkin seed, watermelon seed) is immersed respectively in the deployed tank, water in the tank is that two parts of 100 ℃ of boiling water of employing and the mixed water temperature of a cold water are about 65 ℃, the water yield is 5 times of grain weight, fully stir then, after treating that water temperature is reduced to 37 ℃, with clear water seed is carried out rinsing repeatedly, the seed after the rinsing soaks to pull out in 12 hours with clear water again and is placed on vernalization in the insulating box (the fixed hot incubator of HPX-905-MPI digital display, temperature is 36 ℃--37 ℃); Next is ridging, converts 50 kilograms in water with 400 milliliters of 35% formalin and spurts equably on pregnant urine soil, covers temperature soil 8 days with plastic film again, opens plastic film prior to seeding in one day, to the soil stirring of loosening the soil, treats to sow in second day; Be sowing then, the millstone pumpkin seed was than watermelon seed early sowing 5 days, and the bed temperature before emerging remains on 27 ℃, remain on 25 ℃ after emerging, be the best period of grafting in 15 days behind the seed sprouting of millstone pumpkin, it is aeration-cooling that grafting was opened plastic film in preceding 3 days, suitably moisturizing; Be grafting at last, can carry out grafting with methods such as the method for plant propagation with cutting, pith-cambium grafting method, cleft grafts: the 1. method of plant propagation with cutting, remove the growing point of stock with bamboo let from leaf one side direction opposite side, bamboo let inserts stock and becomes 75 ℃ of angles with cotyledon, remove scion and become 25 ℃ of angles, in the downward patchhole in scion inclined-plane.2. pith-cambium grafting method, blade becomes 75 ℃ of angles with the stock cotyledon, and prune growing point and a slice cotyledon are whittled into the inclined-plane at 25 ℃ of angles with scion, make long incision 0.5-0.7CM, and the long 1.5CM of scion matches stock and scion two otch.3. cleft graft, the growing point with stock removes earlier, then cutter under a side of stock two cotyledon base portions, cut the otch of 0.5-0.75CM, get scion one strain 1.5 places under cotyledon, successively with split the oblique cutter down in a both sides and cut, be cut into heart, insert the stock otch, clip with Grafting clip.After the grafting second day spray water smoke, carry out photosynthesis, just can field planting after 20-25 days.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of grafting method that utilizes millstone pumpkin for the stock grafting watermelon is characterized in that:

1, seed selection and sterilization, at first seed (millstone pumpkin seed, watermelon seed) is immersed respectively in the deployed tank, water in the tank is that two parts of 100 ℃ of boiling water of employing and the mixed water temperature of a cold water are 60 ℃-70 ℃, the water yield is 5 times of grain weight, fully stir then, after treating that water temperature is reduced to 37 ℃, with clear water seed is carried out rinsing, the seed after the rinsing soaks to pull out in 11-12 hour with clear water again and is placed on vernalization in the insulating box;

2, ridging is converted 50 kilograms in water with 400 milliliters of 30%-40% formalin and is spurted equably on pregnant urine soil, covers warm native 5-10 days with plastic film again, opens plastic film prior to seeding in one day, to the soil stirring of loosening the soil, treats to sow in second day;

3, sowing, millstone pumpkin seed were than watermelon seed early sowing 4-6 days, and the bed temperature before emerging remains on 25-28 ℃, remain on 20--25 ℃ after emerging, 10-15 days is the best period of grafting behind the seed sprouting of millstone pumpkin, and it is aeration-cooling that grafting was opened plastic film in preceding 2-4 days, suitably moisturizing;

4, grafting can be carried out grafting with methods such as the method for plant propagation with cutting, pith-cambium grafting method, cleft grafts, after the grafting second day sprays water smoke, carries out photosynthesis, just can field planting after 20-25 days.