CN103782751A

CN103782751A - Method of raising grape seedlings by cutting

Info

Publication number: CN103782751A
Application number: CN201310477598.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Harbin Paiteng Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Harbin Paiteng Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-10-14
Filing date: 2013-10-14
Publication date: 2014-05-14

Abstract

The invention discloses a method of raising grape seedlings by cutting. The method includes the steps of 1, selecting a variety, namely selecting a nontoxic novel variety which is pure, grows strong, is resistant to viruses and cold and is highly fertile; 2, pre-cuttage preparing, mainly including: preparing soil and making a bed, sterilizing the soil, and mounting devices; 3, performing cuttage, mainly including: selecting cuttings, performing cuttage with twigs, and shallowly inserting the cuttings to prevent withering; 4, performing post-cuttage management, namely, controlling temperature and humidity, controlling illumination, managing water spray, and managing fertilization. New plants propagated by cutting fully retain all advantages in parent plants and grow fast, high yield with high quality is achieved, and the method is highly worthy of popularization.

Description

A kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture breeding method

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Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of seedling growing process, particularly a kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture breeding method, belongs to agricultural planting technique field.

Background technology

Cuttage and seedling culture is one of vegetative main method of grape, and its advantage is the genetic character that retains maternal plant, and simple to operate, reproduction coefficient is high, and cost is low, can keep the good characteristic of former kind.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is based on existing planting technology, adopt the principles of science of novelty, proposed a kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture breeding method, the new strain of its cottage propagation, the institute that can retain completely maternal plant has superiority, and the new strain growth of cottage propagation is fast, reaches the object of high yield and high quality.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is: a kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture breeding method, its cuttage and seedling culture breeding method adopts following steps to realize.

(1) kind is selected: select pure, the robust growth of kind, antiviral, cold-resistant, the nontoxic seedling new varieties of having got bumper crops.

(2) prepare before cuttage: it mainly comprises that do furrow, soil disinfection, equipment installs three large steps wholely.Do furrow 1. wholely: the dark root system crop of Vitis, should loosen, be rich in the soil of humus.Before cuttage, upper soll layer is ploughed deeply more than 25 centimetres.With applying 200 cubic metres of Chicken dung 30000 kg/ha, the dregs of fat 50 kg/ha, superphosphate 25 kg/ha, mushroom residue, thin river sand per hectares.The furrow of wide 1.8 meters of brick one-tenth are used on whole ground afterwards, spread 5 centimetres of vermiculites, by 10 centimetres of line-spacings, 5 centimetres of cuttages of spacing in the rows.Vermiculite is the optimal matrix of cuttage grape, not only water conservation but also ventilative; 2. soil disinfection: with the processing of 0.2-0.4% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, or by tight canopy mould, process continuously 7-10 days, while becoming a fine day, can reach 70-80 ℃, can kill pathogens and insect; 3. equipment is installed: grape harvest greenhouse cuttage and seedling culture, a set of auto spraying equipment should be installed in seedling cultivation greenhouse, at shading devices such as canopy face covered with sunshade nets.(3) cottage method: mainly contain selected cuttings, epicormic branch cuttage, shallow cuttings bar, prevent from wilting; 1. selected cuttings, epicormic branch cuttage: must selected young spray row culture cuttings before cuttage, carry out in the 3-4 month, 9-10 month, avoid summer high temperature, clip current growth is grown substantial semi-lignified vigorous branches, is cut into 2-3 bud branch section, retains 1-2 blade and does cuttings, in order to improve cuttage survival rate in the 1-3 branch section of top, in available 2% methyl α-naphthyl acetate or 1%ABT rooting powder solution, soak 6-8 second, then take out cuttage immediately, with hestening rooting, multiple.2. shallow cuttings bar, prevents from wilting: the degree of depth of tloig-cutlage should be shallow, is generally 1/3 left and right of cutting length, the spacing in the rows 3-5 centimetre of sufficient water of spray, and relative moisture remains on 80-85%, and temperature remains on 20-25 ℃, by tight canopy membrane cover, and uses sunshade net shading.

(4) after cuttage, manage:

1. Temperature and Humidity Control: after cuttage rooting, temperature of shed remains on 20-25 ℃, relative moisture 80-85%.It is wilting that humidity prevents that compared with high energy the blade of cutting and reservation from not occurring, and is conducive to manufacture nutrient, and hestening rooting improves cuttage survival rate.2. illumination control: light application time length is with strong and weak large to rooting of cuttings capacity, cutting is to accept scattered light for well, it is unfavorable that strong illumination survives cuttings, excess Temperature, evaporation discharge are excessive, can cause wilting, the cuttage initial stage is wanted timely sunshade, after within approximately 15 days, new root produces, strengthen gradually the quantity of illumination.3. water spray management: fine day in earlier stage, will spray water 6-7 time every day, and the time is short, and till squirting ground, cloudy weather sprays less, and the cloudy day does not spray.

4. fertilizing management: after taking root, the urea with 0.3% or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are done top dressing, every 7 days 1 time, use 500 times of sprinklings of 70% mancozeb simultaneously, pre-anti-bacteria grows, and sprays suitable trace element, is conducive to cuttings ramp.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: a kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture breeding method that the present invention proposes, the new strain of its cottage propagation, the institute that can retain completely maternal plant has superiority, and the new strain of cottage propagation is grown up fast, reach the object of high yield and high quality, there is larger promotional value.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with instantiation, the invention will be further described.

A kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture breeding method, its cuttage and seedling culture breeding method adopts following steps to realize.

(2) prepare before cuttage: 1. it mainly comprises that do furrow, soil disinfection, equipment installs three large steps wholely: do furrow wholely: the dark root system crop of Vitis, should loosen, be rich in the soil of humus.Before cuttage, upper soll layer is ploughed deeply more than 25 centimetres.With applying 200 cubic metres of Chicken dung 30000 kg/ha, the dregs of fat 50 kg/ha, superphosphate 25 kg/ha, mushroom residue, thin river sand per hectares.The furrow of wide 1.8 meters of brick one-tenth are used on whole ground afterwards, spread 5 centimetres of vermiculites, by 10 centimetres of line-spacings, 5 centimetres of cuttages of spacing in the rows.Vermiculite is the optimal matrix of cuttage grape, not only water conservation but also ventilative; 2. soil disinfection: with the processing of 0.2-0.4% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, or by tight canopy mould, process continuously 7-10 days, while becoming a fine day, can reach 70-80 ℃, can kill pathogens and insect; 3. equipment is installed: grape harvest greenhouse cuttage and seedling culture, a set of auto spraying equipment should be installed in seedling cultivation greenhouse, at shading devices such as canopy face covered with sunshade nets.(3) cottage method: mainly contain selected cuttings, epicormic branch cuttage, shallow cuttings bar, prevent from wilting: 1. selected cuttings, epicormic branch cuttage: must selected young spray row culture cuttings before cuttage, carry out in the 3-4 month, 9-10 month, avoid summer high temperature, clip current growth is grown substantial semi-lignified vigorous branches, is cut into 2-3 bud branch section, in the 1-3 branch section of top, retain 1-2 blade and do cuttings, in order to improve cuttage survival rate, in available 2% methyl α-naphthyl acetate or 1%ABT rooting powder solution, soak 6-8 second, then take out cuttage immediately, with hestening rooting, multiple; 2. shallow cuttings bar, prevents from wilting: the degree of depth of tloig-cutlage should be shallow, is generally 1/3 left and right of cutting length, the spacing in the rows 3-5 centimetre of sufficient water of spray, and relative moisture remains on 80-85%, and temperature remains on 20-25 ℃, by tight canopy membrane cover, and uses sunshade net shading.

(4) after cuttage, manage: 1. Temperature and Humidity Control: after cuttage rooting, temperature of shed remains on 20-25 ℃, relative moisture 80-85%.It is wilting that humidity prevents that compared with high energy the blade of cutting and reservation from not occurring, and is conducive to manufacture nutrient, and hestening rooting improves cuttage survival rate; 2. illumination control: light application time length is with strong and weak large to rooting of cuttings capacity, cutting is to accept scattered light for well, it is unfavorable that strong illumination survives cuttings, excess Temperature, evaporation discharge are excessive, can cause wilting, the cuttage initial stage is wanted timely sunshade, after within approximately 15 days, new root produces, strengthen gradually the quantity of illumination; 3. water spray management: fine day in earlier stage, will spray water 6-7 time every day, and the time is short, and till squirting ground, cloudy weather sprays less, and the cloudy day does not spray; 4. fertilizing management: after taking root, the urea with 0.3% or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are done top dressing, every 7 days 1 time, use 500 times of sprinklings of 70% mancozeb simultaneously, pre-anti-bacteria grows, and sprays suitable trace element, is conducive to cuttings ramp.

Claims

1. a grape cuttage and seedling culture breeding method, is characterized in that: cuttage and seedling culture breeding method adopts following steps to realize:

(1) kind is selected: select pure, the robust growth of kind, antiviral, cold-resistant, the nontoxic seedling new varieties of having got bumper crops;

(2) before cuttage, prepare: do furrow: the dark root system crop of Vitis 1. wholely, should loosen, be rich in the soil of humus, before cuttage, upper soll layer is ploughed deeply more than 25 centimetres, with applying 200 cubic metres of Chicken dung 30000 kg/ha, the dregs of fat 50 kg/ha, superphosphate 25 kg/ha, mushroom residue, thin river sand per hectares, the furrow of wide 1.8 meters of brick one-tenth are used on whole ground afterwards, spread 5 centimetres of vermiculites, press 10 centimetres of line-spacings, 5 centimetres of cuttages of spacing in the rows, vermiculite is the optimal matrix of cuttage grape, not only water conservation but also ventilative; 2. soil disinfection: with the processing of 0.2-0.4% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, or by tight canopy mould, process continuously 7-10 days, while becoming a fine day, can reach 70-80 ℃, can kill pathogens and insect; 3. equipment is installed: grape harvest greenhouse cuttage and seedling culture, a set of auto spraying equipment should be installed in seedling cultivation greenhouse, at shading devices such as canopy face covered with sunshade nets; (3) cottage method: 1. selected cuttings, epicormic branch cuttage: must selected young spray row culture cuttings before cuttage, clip current growth is grown substantial semi-lignified vigorous branches, is cut into 2-3 bud branch section, in the 1-3 branch section of top, retain 1-2 blade and do cuttings, with soaking 6-8 second in 2% methyl α-naphthyl acetate or 1%ABT rooting powder solution, then take out cuttage immediately, with hestening rooting, multiple; 2. shallow cuttings bar, prevents from wilting: the degree of depth of tloig-cutlage should be shallow, is generally 1/3 left and right of cutting length, the spacing in the rows 3-5 centimetre of sufficient water of spray, and relative moisture remains on 80-85%, and temperature remains on 20-25 ℃, by tight canopy membrane cover, and uses sunshade net shading;

(4) after cuttage, manage: 1. Temperature and Humidity Control: after cuttage rooting, temperature of shed remains on 20-25 ℃, relative moisture 80-85%; 2. illumination control: the cuttage initial stage is wanted timely sunshade, after within approximately 15 days, new root produces, strengthen the quantity of illumination gradually; 3. water spray management: fine day in earlier stage, will spray water 6-7 time every day, and till squirting ground, cloudy weather sprays less, and the cloudy day does not spray; 4. fertilizing management: after taking root, the urea with 0.3% or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are done top dressing every 7 days 1 time, is used 500 times of sprinklings of 70% mancozeb simultaneously.