CN109168689B - Soilless cutting substrate and cutting method for great nanchuan tree tea - Google Patents

Soilless cutting substrate and cutting method for great nanchuan tree tea Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109168689B
CN109168689B CN201811237775.5A CN201811237775A CN109168689B CN 109168689 B CN109168689 B CN 109168689B CN 201811237775 A CN201811237775 A CN 201811237775A CN 109168689 B CN109168689 B CN 109168689B
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cutting
parts
nanchuan
great
tea
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CN201811237775.5A
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CN109168689A (en
Inventor
李中林
张莹
徐泽
邓敏
盛忠雷
杨海滨
邬秀宏
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Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a soilless cutting substrate of great nanchuan tree tea and a cutting method thereof; the method comprises the following raw materials: grass carbon, earthworm cast, vermiculite, perlite, humus, vinegar residue, diamine phosphate and fermented rice hulls; the cutting method of the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following steps: s1, cutting the semi-lignified branches of the great Nanchuan tea into cutting slips, reserving one complete leaf and one robust axillary bud in each slip, and soaking the slips in a rooting solution for 2-4 hours for later use; s2, mixing the substrates according to the proportion, then placing the substrates in a seedling tray, inactivating the substrate germs by 1000-1200 times of carbendazim, and adjusting the pH; s3, cleaning the cutting slips with clear water, and inserting the cutting slips into a seedling raising tray filled with a matrix for raising seedlings; s4, placing the seedling tray with the cutting slips in a greenhouse for cultivation; the tree tea cultivated by the method has high survival rate.

Description

Soilless cutting substrate and cutting method for great nanchuan tree tea
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a soilless cutting substrate for Nanchuan big tree tea and a cutting method thereof.
Background
The great Nanchuan tea is a wild tea tree, which is mostly small trees or arbors, the age of the tea tree varies from decades to hundreds of years, tender leaves have no or few hair, the leaf margin has thin blunt teeth or no sawtooth, the leaf leather is thick and not easy to twist into a rope, the color of the raw tea is dark green, the main and auxiliary leaf veins are strong and obvious, the tea is dark green, the tea is smooth, soft and heavy, the aroma is deep and specific, the mouthfeel irritation is very low, but the water sweet is sweet, long and stable, the soaking resistance is more than 2 to 3 times higher than that of the ordinary tea, and the tea is an excellent tea product.
The great Nanchuan tree tea has the following characteristics: 1. the soaking resistance is more than 2 to 3 times higher than that of the cultivated tea, and the taste is durable and tough; 2. the health-care tea has the effects of cooling and relieving summer heat, building body and promoting digestion, treating chest and abdomen distending pain and relieving restlessness and cough, and has certain curative effect on various diseases after being drunk for a long time, thus being a real pure natural health-care drink; 3. the fertilizer is grown in a deep mountain with higher altitude, does not use pesticides and fertilizers in the growth process, and is grown together with plants such as broad-leaved forests and wild flowers in the whole year, so that the nutrient content is rich.
The Nanchuan big tree tea has good quality, high product price and good benefit, but the cuttage breeding survival rate is low, the yield and the quality are seriously influenced, the economic benefit is restricted, and the Nanchuan big tree tea is a bottleneck for developing the Nanchuan big tree tea industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soilless cutting matrix for great nanchuan tree tea and a cutting method thereof, and the great tree tea cultivated by the method has higher survival rate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the soilless cutting substrate for the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: peat, earthworm cast, vermiculite, perlite, humus, vinegar residue, diamine phosphate and fermented rice hulls.
Further, the feed comprises the following raw materials: 1-3 parts of grass carbon, 3-7 parts of earthworm cast, 3-7 parts of vermiculite, 1-6 parts of perlite, 3-7 parts of humus, 1-3 parts of vinegar residue, 1-3 parts of diamine phosphate and 3-7 parts of fermented rice hulls.
Further, the feed comprises the following raw materials: 1 part of grass carbon, 5 parts of earthworm cast, 7 parts of vermiculite, 2 parts of perlite, 5 parts of humus, 2 parts of vinegar residue, 2 parts of diamine phosphate and 5 parts of fermented rice hull.
The cutting method of the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the semi-lignified branches of the great Nanchuan tea into cutting slips, reserving one complete leaf and one robust axillary bud in each slip, and soaking the slips in a rooting solution for 2-4 hours for later use;
s2, mixing the substrates according to the proportion, then placing the substrates in a seedling tray, inactivating the substrate germs by 1000-1200 times of carbendazim, and adjusting the pH;
s3, cleaning the cutting slips with clear water, and inserting the cutting slips into a seedling raising tray filled with a matrix for raising seedlings;
s4, placing the seedling tray with the cutting slips in the greenhouse for cultivation.
Further, in step S3, the depth of the cutting is 2/3 the thickness of the substrate.
Further, in step S4, the temperature in the greenhouse is 18 to 22 ℃.
Further, in step S4, the humidity in the greenhouse is 75-80%.
Further, in step S1, the length of the cutting is 3-4 cm.
Further, in step S2, the pH of the substrate is 5.0-6.5.
Further, in step S2, the total porosity of the substrate is 67.69%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the survival rate of the cultured big tree tea can be higher through the matching of the formula of the matrix.
2. The acidity and the total porosity of the matrix are determined, so that the formula porosity of the matrix is moderate, the air permeability, the water permeability and the water retention performance are good, the matrix can be kept in a wet state, and the rooting of the large tea trees is facilitated.
3. According to the invention, the culture tray is placed in the greenhouse for cultivation, and the humidity and the temperature in the greenhouse are controlled, so that a relatively suitable environment can be provided for the growth of the big tree tea, and the rooting rate of the cuttings is relatively high.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The soilless cutting substrate for the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: the invention relates to a method for culturing big tree tea, which comprises the following steps of peat, earthworm cast, vermiculite, perlite, humus soil, vinegar residue, diamine phosphate and fermented rice hulls.
Example 2
The soilless cutting substrate for the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: the method comprises the following steps of 1 part of grass carbon, 3 parts of earthworm cast, 3 parts of vermiculite, 1 part of perlite, 3 parts of humus, 1 part of vinegar residue, 1 part of diamine phosphate and 3 parts of fermented rice hulls.
Example 3
The soilless cutting substrate for the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: 3 parts of grass carbon, 7 parts of earthworm cast, 7 parts of vermiculite, 6 parts of perlite, 7 parts of humus, 3 parts of vinegar residue, 3 parts of diamine phosphate and 7 parts of fermented rice husk.
Example 4
The soilless cutting substrate for the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: 1 part of grass carbon, 5 parts of earthworm cast, 7 parts of vermiculite, 2 parts of perlite, 5 parts of humus, 2 parts of vinegar residue, 2 parts of diamine phosphate and 5 parts of fermented rice husk.
Example 5
The soilless cutting substrate for the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: 1 part of grass carbon, 3 parts of earthworm dung, 3 parts of vermiculite, 1 part of perlite, 3 parts of humus, 1 part of vinegar residue, 1 part of diamine phosphate and 3 parts of fermented rice hulls.
The cutting method of the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the semi-lignified branches of the great Nanchuan tea into 3cm long cuttings, cutting the cuttings to form a cut, reserving one complete leaf and one robust axillary bud in each cutting, and soaking the cuttings in a rooting solution for 2-4 hours for later use;
s2, mixing the substrates according to a proportion, then loading the substrates into a seedling tray, inactivating the pathogens of the substrates by using 1000 times of carbendazim, and adjusting the pH, wherein the pH of the substrates is 5.0, and the total porosity of the substrates is 67.69%;
s3, cleaning the cutting slips with clear water, inserting the cutting slips into a seedling raising tray filled with a matrix for raising seedlings, wherein the cutting depth is 2/3 of the thickness of the matrix;
s4, placing the seedling tray with the cutting slips in a greenhouse for cultivation, wherein the temperature in the greenhouse is 18 ℃, and the humidity in the greenhouse is 75%.
The acidity and the total porosity of the matrix are determined, so that the formula porosity of the matrix is moderate, the matrix is good in air permeability, water permeability and water retention performance, the matrix can be kept in a wet state, rooting of large tea trees is facilitated, the culture disc is placed in a greenhouse for cultivation, the humidity and the temperature in the greenhouse are controlled, a proper environment can be provided for the growth of the large tea trees, and the cutting rooting rate is high.
Example 6
The soilless cutting substrate for the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: 3 parts of grass carbon, 7 parts of earthworm dung, 7 parts of vermiculite, 6 parts of perlite, 7 parts of humus, 3 parts of vinegar residue, 3 parts of diamine phosphate and 7 parts of fermented rice hulls.
The cutting method of the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the semi-lignified branches of the great Nanchuan tea into cuttings with the length of 3.5cm, cutting the cuttings to form a cut, reserving one complete leaf and one robust axillary bud in each cutting, and soaking the cuttings in a rooting solution for 3 hours for later use;
s2, mixing the substrate according to a proportion, then loading the substrate in a seedling tray, inactivating substrate germs by 1100 times of carbendazim, and adjusting pH, wherein the pH of the substrate is 6.0, and the total porosity of the substrate is 67.69%;
s3, cleaning the cutting slips with clear water, inserting the cutting slips into a seedling raising tray filled with a matrix for raising seedlings, wherein the cutting depth is 2/3 of the thickness of the matrix;
s4, placing the seedling tray with the cutting slips in a greenhouse for cultivation, wherein the temperature in the greenhouse is 20 ℃, and the humidity in the greenhouse is 78%.
The acidity and the total porosity of the matrix are determined, so that the formula porosity of the matrix is moderate, the matrix is good in air permeability, water permeability and water retention performance, the matrix can be kept in a wet state, rooting of large tea trees is facilitated, the culture disc is placed in a greenhouse for cultivation, the humidity and the temperature in the greenhouse are controlled, a proper environment can be provided for the growth of the large tea trees, and the cutting rooting rate is high.
Example 7
The soilless cutting substrate for the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: 1 part of grass carbon, 5 parts of earthworm cast, 7 parts of vermiculite, 2 parts of perlite, 5 parts of humus, 2 parts of vinegar residue, 2 parts of diamine phosphate and 5 parts of fermented rice hull.
The cutting method of the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the semi-lignified branches of the great Nanchuan tea into cuttings with the length of 3-4cm, cutting the cuttings to form a cut, reserving one complete leaf and one robust axillary bud in each cutting, and soaking the cuttings in a rooting solution for 4 hours for later use;
s2, mixing the substrates according to a proportion, then loading the substrates into a seedling tray, inactivating substrate germs by 1200 times of carbendazim, and adjusting pH, wherein the pH of the substrates is 6.5, and the total porosity of the substrates is 67.69%;
s3, cleaning the cutting slips with clear water, inserting the cutting slips into a seedling raising tray filled with a matrix for raising seedlings, wherein the cutting depth is 2/3 of the thickness of the matrix;
s4, placing the seedling tray with the cutting slips in a greenhouse for cultivation, wherein the temperature in the greenhouse is 22 ℃, and the humidity in the greenhouse is 80%.
The acidity and the total porosity of the matrix are determined, so that the formula porosity of the matrix is moderate, the matrix is good in air permeability, water permeability and water retention performance, the matrix can be kept in a wet state, rooting of large tea trees is facilitated, the culture disc is placed in a greenhouse for cultivation, the humidity and the temperature in the greenhouse are controlled, a proper environment can be provided for the growth of the large tea trees, and the cutting rooting rate is high.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

1. The cuttage method of the great nanchuan tree tea is characterized in that the soilless cuttage matrix of the great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: grass carbon, earthworm cast, vermiculite, perlite, humus, vinegar residue, diamine phosphate and fermented rice hulls, wherein the grass carbon is 1-3 parts, the earthworm cast is 3-7 parts, the vermiculite is 3-7 parts, the perlite is 1-6 parts, the humus is 3-7 parts, the vinegar residue is 1-3 parts, the diamine phosphate is 1-3 parts and the fermented rice hulls are 3-7 parts;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the semi-lignified branches of the great Nanchuan tea into cutting slips, reserving one complete leaf and one robust axillary bud in each slip, and soaking the slips in a rooting solution for 2-4 hours for later use;
s2, mixing the substrates according to the proportion, then placing the substrates in a seedling tray, inactivating the substrate germs by 1000-1200 times of carbendazim, and adjusting the pH;
s3, cleaning the cutting slips with clear water, and inserting the cutting slips into a seedling raising tray filled with a matrix for raising seedlings;
s4, placing the seedling tray with the cutting slips in a greenhouse for cultivation;
in step S2, the pH of the substrate is 5.0-6.5;
the total porosity of the matrix was 67.69%.
2. The cuttage method for great nanchuan tree tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soilless cuttage substrate for great nanchuan tree tea comprises the following raw materials: 1 part of grass carbon, 5 parts of earthworm cast, 7 parts of vermiculite, 2 parts of perlite, 5 parts of humus, 2 parts of vinegar residue, 2 parts of diamine phosphate and 5 parts of fermented rice hull.
3. The cutting method of great nanchuan tree tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the cutting depth is 2/3 the thickness of the substrate.
4. The cutting method of great nanchuan tree tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature in the greenhouse is 18-22 ℃ in step S4.
5. The cutting method of great nanchuan tree tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the humidity in the greenhouse is 75-80%.
6. The cutting method of great nanchuan tree tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the length of the cutting shoot is 3-4 cm.
CN201811237775.5A 2018-10-23 2018-10-23 Soilless cutting substrate and cutting method for great nanchuan tree tea Expired - Fee Related CN109168689B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110383993A (en) * 2019-06-20 2019-10-29 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 A kind of efficient cuttage breeding method of camellia simple bud
CN111955186B (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-04-15 重庆市药物种植研究所 Cuttage method for minimal population plant Nanchuan tea

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CN104813909A (en) * 2015-05-06 2015-08-05 江苏农林职业技术学院 Cutting seedling cultivating method for twig of tea tree
CN108338052A (en) * 2017-11-12 2018-07-31 柳州市天立农林科技有限公司 A kind of nursery stock cutting cultivating matrix

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CN102217482B (en) * 2011-05-13 2013-10-09 贵州宏晨山茶花资源开发研究所 Method for propagating camellia japonica quickly
CN102992877A (en) * 2012-10-21 2013-03-27 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 Flower seedling wood cutting medium
CN103960013B (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-09-09 贵州习水县勤韵茶业有限公司 The asexual cottage method of a kind of large tree tea nursery
CN107637418A (en) * 2017-11-04 2018-01-30 王衡 The asexual cottage method of high altitude localities Laoyin tea

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104813909A (en) * 2015-05-06 2015-08-05 江苏农林职业技术学院 Cutting seedling cultivating method for twig of tea tree
CN108338052A (en) * 2017-11-12 2018-07-31 柳州市天立农林科技有限公司 A kind of nursery stock cutting cultivating matrix

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Inventor after: Zhang Ying

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