CN101341833A - Different-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetable - Google Patents
Different-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetable Download PDFInfo
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- CN101341833A CN101341833A CNA2008100792876A CN200810079287A CN101341833A CN 101341833 A CN101341833 A CN 101341833A CN A2008100792876 A CNA2008100792876 A CN A2008100792876A CN 200810079287 A CN200810079287 A CN 200810079287A CN 101341833 A CN101341833 A CN 101341833A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vegetable framing method, in particular to a continuous farming method of the distinct root seedling of vine vegetables; the method is carried out in a green house; the temperature of the greenhouse is 13 DEG C to 30 DEG C, the humidity is 60 percent to 85 percent and the light time is 8h every day; before grafting, the cultured rootstock seedling is planted at the transposition points 4 days to 5 days in advance; 30cm to 50cm young vine sprouts are selected as grafts; a cutting blade is used to chamfercut from down to top between two sections of very graft, and the depth is 1.5cm to 2.5cm; the cutting blade is used to cut both sides in the middle of the leaves in the second section of the rootstock seedling into sharp wedge shape, the length is consistent with the notch depth of the grafts, and then the two sides are butted and bound with the grafts; one month after the cut is healed, the binding is untied; old vines are cut off from below the grafting cut, pulled up together with old roots and removed outside the greenhouse; the old vines are pulled up after being cut off, plant residue is picked out to receive disinfection, and then organic fertilizer is added in. The seedling grafted through the method has high survival rate, high yield and can realize continuous production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of liana class vegetables, the different offspring of specifically a kind of liana class vegetables continues cultivation method.
Background technology
Existing vegetable grafting culture technique, the initial stage of being mainly used in grows seedlings the stage, the scope of using is liana class vegetables mostly, and after its tendril grew into certain-length, root system, tendril were aging gradually, conducting tissue is oversize, nutrient consumption is too big, and newly growth is restricted slightly forward, and obstacle appears in continued growth, cause yield and quality to descend at last, pull out until dying.This cultivation method has not only increased labour intensity, but also has increased production cost.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of in time enable different offspring repeatedly upgrade root system, shorten climing always, with newly combine growth slightly, reduce the time of nourishing and growing and sow and cultivate number of times, make full use of its tendril and increase its reproductive growth time, the maximization of devoting exclusive attention to output, reach lasting production purpose, the different offspring of liana class vegetables continues cultivation method.
Realize the foregoing invention purpose by the following technical solutions:
The different offspring of a kind of liana class vegetables continues cultivation method, this method adopts the disease resistance ability strong, well developed root system, vegetable seeds non-of the same race with affinity is grown seedlings and is done stock, with the young sprout of its tendril vegetables, carries out the cultivation of grafting dystopy, enable new root, remove old climing and old root, return to the method for reproductive growth state again, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, cultivation condition:
1. greenhouse experiment: it is to be no less than 8 hours every day that temperature is controlled at 13-30 ℃, humidity 60-85%, light application time;
2. tendril condition: the old climing length of tendril class vegetables reaches more than 10 meters, transportation nutrient ability drop, and the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, and blade is thin and little, bearing capacity descends, tendril and root suberification, insect bite that tendril is anosis does harm to;
3. cultivate rootstock seedling: adopt the soilless-cultivated seedling method to cultivate healthy and strong seedlings and do rootstock seedling, when treating new talent stipes length to two joint, beginning pinching, the thickening growth of short control stipes requires the diameter of stem to reach 1-1.5cm, nursery temperature is 15-30 ℃;
B, cultivation method:
1. before the grafting, the rice shoot that cultivates is shifted to an earlier date 4-5 days between strain, and transposition is planted;
2. change method for root: the long tendril young sprout of the 30-50cm that selects and remain is done scion, at its two internode, cut sth. askew from bottom to top with blade, and incision length 1.5-2.5cm, its degree of depth is no more than 1/2nd of its diameter; In the middle of the second joint blade of rootstock seedling, with blade its both sides are whittled into the glut type, its length is consistent with the notch depth of scion, adopts the method for plant propagation with cutting to dock with scion then, fixes with the grafting immobilising device;
3. final-period management treats that wound healing after one month, unties immobilising device, looks its healing degree, and 2cm cuts off always climingly under the grafting wound, and Lian Laogen together pulls up, and shifts out outside the greenhouse.
Cultivation principle of the present invention:
1, non-liana class vegetables of the same race, as equal or belong to together between, carry out grafting, exist certain affinity.On the internal organizational structure, in physiology and the heredity, close each other, two hinder face near and tighten together, its result is because of hyperplasia, healing can become dimension pipe conducting tissue equally and forms an integral body each other.
2, the new top of part slightly of most lianes belongs to the indeterminate growth type; There is sprouting of lateral bud to grow up to young sprout again, the characteristic that replaces main climing continuation to grow forward.As long as nutrient abundance, environment, growth conditions suit, there is the possibility of growth continuously.
3, liane is in process of growth, and constantly lengthening growth is transported nutrient apart from lengthening, root, stem are climing aging gradually, absorb the nutrient ability and descend gradually, directly influence the quality and quantity of fruit, last because seasonal periodicity changes, and impels it to stop growing or enters resting state.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, compared with prior art according to the inherent characteristic of liana class vegetables, the present invention has broken through traditional cultivation mode, stock strong sprout and scion grafting with cultivating make full use of existing plant tissue, bring into play its potential, upgrade in time root system, shorten climing always, enable newly and grow, reduce the time of nourishing and growing slightly and number of times is cultivated in sowing, increase its reproductive growth time, its cultivation method is simple, the rice shoot survival rate height of grafting, the output height reaches lasting production purpose.For realizing that the vegetable works cultivation provides a kind of new method, opened up a kind of new approaches, especially be suitable for Curcurbitaceae or liana class, and the cultivation of vegetables such as tomato genus.
Embodiment
The present invention is to serve as cultivation basis (under ground portion) with " organic ecological soilless culture substrate ", and whole process of cultivation all can be carried out in the greenhouse throughout the year, and it is example that present embodiment continues cultivation with greenhouse cucumber, and cultivation method is as follows:
1, different offspring transposition cultivation condition
1., greenhouse temperature is controlled at about 13-30 ℃, humidity 60-85%, light application time is no less than 8 hours every day.
2., tendril condition: the old climing length of tendril class vegetables reaches more than 10 meters, transports the nutrient ability and begins to descend, and the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, and blade is thin and little, and bearing capacity descends, and tendril is aging, root suberification, and the anosis insect bite evil of assurance tendril.
3., cultivate rootstock seedling: cultivate and change the rootstock seedling (generally using the fig-leaf gourd seed seedling-raising) and common grafting rootstock seedling difference that root is used, the one, cultivate healthy and strong seedlings, during new talent stipes length to two joint, beginning pinching, the thickening growth of short control stipes, the diameter of stem reaches about 1-1.5cm; The 2nd, suitably improve nursery temperature, require to reach 15-30 ℃, impel the stipes elongation, near new diameter slightly, use when being convenient to grafting.The 3rd, adopt the soilless-cultivated seedling method to grow seedlings.
2, transposition cultivation method:
1. transplant different offspring: when dystopy, remove old climing and old root, provide the transposition environment, before grafting 4-5 days, will different offspring transplant extremely always near the climing position and cultivate for transplanting different offspring near old climing.
2. change method for root: the suitable method of plant propagation with cutting that adopts of grafting method, its scion adopts the interface position of the method for plant propagation with cutting opposite with the interface of stock with the fruit-tree grafting of generally acknowledging.The cucumber vine 30-50cm that generally selects and remain is long, at two internode positions, cuts sth. askew from bottom to top with blade, and about degree of depth 1.5-2.5cm, diameter is no more than 1/2, and this part tissue is equivalent to the scion part; Make stock with the different offspring of transplanting, the cross-sectional diameter of rootstock seedling is equivalent to the scion part as far as possible or is not less than 1/2 of scion diameter, keeps the second joint blade, gets the above mid portion of second joint, cut both sides with blade and become the glut type, the length notch depth with scion as far as possible is consistent.Dock with scion then, and fix or use the plastic strip bondage with Grafting clip.
3. final-period management: treat that wound healing after one month, unties bondage, look its healing degree, 2cm cuts off always climingly under the grafting wound, and Lian Laogen together pulls up, and shifts out outside the greenhouse.Just begin to be for some time seedling-slowing stage, temporarily may influence the result, will strengthen water and fertilizer management this period, will soon restoration result.
Go climing forward and backward management: go the base portion that newly changes root to be imposed some phosphorus potash fertilizer and an amount of pouring water before climing; Go to cut off after climing old climing after, extract always climing, sort out Lao Ye, and other plant residue, carry out the organic thorough disinfection comprehensively of primary space sterilization and cultivation simultaneously and handle, add fertilizer then, in order to the usefulness of changing root next time.Go the root system after climing also will append instant nitrogenousfertilizer one time, and in time pour water, it is consistent with seedling growth to accomplish newly to plant seedling as far as possible, and short its nourished and grown and transformed to its reproductive growth.Growing way to occur inconsistent or the plant of disease worm harm occurs if newly plant seedling and rice shoot, and can not arbitrarily remove, and strengthens management separately, can consider top dressing and cooperate the use of agricultural chemicals.General when changing root, 1-2 week change root in advance to it to time less important comprehensively.After changing root, after weakening appearred in growth potential once more, lasting bearing capacity descended once more at every turn, after old climing length reaches 10 meters, changed root once more.If newly do not made progress growing ability slightly really, enable standby plant and substitute.
3, enable standby seedling
The cultivation of standby plant (seedling), the rice shoot that both can adopt nursery lot to cultivate also can adopt grafting.Standby plant is before changing root at every turn, and in the strong sprout that cultivated in 2 months in advance, the standard in strong sprout is with reference to the soilless-cultivated seedling technology.
Enabling opportunity of standby plant (seedling) should be placed at every turn and change the root phase comprehensively, if standby plant is on the weak side in the plant young sprout of growing, can change the root phase comprehensively, proposes a few days ago transposition and plants, and it is consistent with seedling growth to accomplish newly to plant standby seedling as far as possible.
4, matrix is changed
Change the root cultivation continuously when organic matrix and use more than 4-5 time, should thoroughly remove, change fresh organic culture substrate.Before removing the back and more renewing matrix, cultivating groove is carried out killing of a thorough disinfection sterilization and worm's ovum, can consider to change the bottom mulch film in case of necessity or heavily spread the new film of one deck.According to disease and insect pest situation, make with medicament targetedly.
5, change root continuously
Change root when for the first time, continue the result after, after weakening appears in growth potential once more, about old climing vice-minister to 10 again meter after, just can consider to change root once more, it changes method for root, final-period management is equal to above method.As long as young sprout has upwards growing ability, just can realize changing continuously root.
This method adapts to cultivations such as other Curcurbitaceae, tomato genus, and " organic ecological soilless culture substrate " of the present invention part belongs to the known technology of vegetable or flower research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Claims (2)
1, the different offspring of a kind of liana class vegetables continues cultivation method, this method is to adopt the disease resistance ability strong, well developed root system, vegetable seeds non-of the same race with affinity is grown seedlings and is done stock, with the young sprout of its liana vegetables, carries out the cultivation of grafting dystopy, enable new root, remove old climing and old root, return to the method for reproductive growth state again, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, cultivation condition:
1. greenhouse experiment: it is to be no less than 8 hours every day that temperature is controlled at 13-30 ℃, humidity 60-85%, light application time;
2. tendril condition: the old climing length of liana class vegetables reaches more than 10 meters, transportation nutrient ability drop, and the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, and blade is thin and little, bearing capacity descends, tendril and root suberification, insect bite that tendril is anosis does harm to;
3. cultivate rootstock seedling: adopt the soilless-cultivated seedling method to cultivate healthy and strong seedlings and do rootstock seedling, when treating new talent stipes length to two joint, beginning pinching, the thickening growth of short control stipes, the diameter of stem is 1-1.5cm, nursery temperature is 15-30 ℃;
B, cultivation method:
1. before the grafting, the rice shoot that cultivates is shifted to an earlier date 4-5 days between strain, and transposition is planted;
2. change method for root: the long tendril young sprout of the 30-50cm that selects and remain is done scion, at its two internode, cut sth. askew from bottom to top with blade, and incision length 1.5-2.5cm, its degree of depth is no more than 1/2nd of its diameter; In the middle of the second joint blade of rootstock seedling, with blade its both sides are whittled into the glut type, its length is consistent with the notch depth of scion, adopts the method for plant propagation with cutting to dock with scion then, fixes with the grafting immobilising device;
3. final-period management: treat that wound healing after one month, unties immobilising device, look its healing degree, 2cm cuts off always climingly under the grafting wound, and Lian Laogen together pulls up, and shifts out outside the greenhouse.
2, the different offspring of liana class vegetables according to claim 1 continues cultivation method, it is characterized in that, change root at every turn after, after weakening appearred in growth potential once more, lasting bearing capacity descended once more, after old climing length reaches 10 meters, changed root once more.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100792876A CN101341833B (en) | 2008-08-23 | 2008-08-23 | Different-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetable |
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| CN2008100792876A CN101341833B (en) | 2008-08-23 | 2008-08-23 | Different-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetable |
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| CN101341833A true CN101341833A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| CN101341833B CN101341833B (en) | 2010-06-30 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103703940A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-09 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Alternate-plant cyclic harvest method of conjoined sweet potatoes |
| CN105076106A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-25 | 黄茗清 | Method for wiping out lianas |
| CN105475001A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-13 | 广德原野水果种植家庭农场 | High-yield grafting method of edible snakegourd |
-
2008
- 2008-08-23 CN CN2008100792876A patent/CN101341833B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103703940A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-09 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Alternate-plant cyclic harvest method of conjoined sweet potatoes |
| CN103703940B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-11-18 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of disjunctor sweet potato to be circulated collecting method every strain |
| CN105076106A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-25 | 黄茗清 | Method for wiping out lianas |
| CN105475001A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-13 | 广德原野水果种植家庭农场 | High-yield grafting method of edible snakegourd |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101341833B (en) | 2010-06-30 |
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