CN101668973B - 先导式滑阀 - Google Patents

先导式滑阀 Download PDF

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CN101668973B
CN101668973B CN2008800140372A CN200880014037A CN101668973B CN 101668973 B CN101668973 B CN 101668973B CN 2008800140372 A CN2008800140372 A CN 2008800140372A CN 200880014037 A CN200880014037 A CN 200880014037A CN 101668973 B CN101668973 B CN 101668973B
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spool
fluid
valve
pressure
slide valve
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CN101668973A (zh
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H·A·亨尼克特
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Meike acquisition Co.
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Microstaq Inc
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F16K11/0716Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides with fluid passages through the valve member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0401Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
    • F15B13/0402Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16K99/0001Microvalves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16K2099/0082Microvalves adapted for a particular use
    • F16K2099/009Fluid power devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7758Pilot or servo controlled
    • Y10T137/7762Fluid pressure type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593Systems
    • Y10T137/86493Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/86622Motor-operated
    • Y10T137/8663Fluid motor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593Systems
    • Y10T137/86493Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86686Plural disk or plug
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593Systems
    • Y10T137/86493Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86694Piston valve
    • Y10T137/8671With annular passage [e.g., spool]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593Systems
    • Y10T137/86493Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86718Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/86759Reciprocating
    • Y10T137/86767Spool
    • Y10T137/86775With internal passage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种滑阀组件包括阀芯,该阀芯可根据横跨该阀芯的压力差而移动。

Description

先导式滑阀
发明背景
本发明一般涉及用于控制液压或气压系统中的流体流动的阀。更具体地,本发明涉及一种改进的滑阀组件。
阀被广泛地用于控制流体从加压流体源到载荷装置或从载荷装置到压力排出孔(pressure vent)的流动。通常,提供泵或其他装置作为加压流体源。流体流动由阀来选择性地控制,从而控制载荷装置的操作。
一种类型的阀是微型阀。一种微型阀系统是微型机电系统(MicroElectroMechanical System)(MEMS),该微型机电系统一般涉及半导体机电装置。
MEMS是一类这样的系统,该系统物理上是小的,且具有在微米范围内的尺寸的特征。MEMS装置是至少部分地形成该种系统的一部分的装置。这些系统具有电子部件和机械部件。术语“微加工(micromachining)”通常被理解为是指制造MEMS装置的三维结构和移动部件。
MEMS最初使用改进的集成电路(电脑芯片)制造技术(例如化学刻蚀)和材料(例如硅半导体材料)来微加工这些非常小的机械装置。如今有更多的可用的微加工技术和材料。
术语“微型阀”,如该申请中所使用的,是指具有在微米范围内的尺寸的特征的阀,因此,根据定义,其至少部分地通过微加工而形成。术语“微型阀装置”,如该申请中所使用的,是指包括微型阀且可能包括其他部件的装置。应注意,如果微型阀装置中包括不同于微型阀的部件,则这些其他部件可以是微加工的部件(micromachinedcomponent)或标准(大)尺寸(较大)部件。
已经提出各种微型阀装置来用于控制流体回路内的流体流动。一种典型的微型阀装置包括可移置构件(displaceable member)或阀,该可移置构件或阀由主体可移动地支撑,并可操作地连接到致动器以便在关闭位置和完全打开位置之间移动。当设置在关闭位置时,阀阻挡或关闭设置成与第二流体口流体连通的第一流体口,从而阻止流体在流体口之间流动。当阀从关闭位置移动到完全打开位置时,流体逐渐地被允许在流体口之间流动。
一种类型的微型阀是微型滑阀。微型滑阀典型地由主阀主体组成,该主阀主体设置在腔中,而该腔在多层阀壳的中间层中形成。通过壳的层的各种口提供与腔的流体连通。主阀主体在腔中是可移动的,以根据所期望的结果通过阻挡特定的口来可选择地允许通过腔的流体连通。在操作中,横跨主阀主体施加压力差来使主阀主体移动到期望的位置中。典型地,压力差由先导阀(pilot valve)来控制。
另一种类型的微型阀,通常被用作先导阀,由横梁组成,该横梁在一端部由主体弹性支撑。在操作中,致动器迫使横梁围绕横梁的支撑端弯曲。为了弯曲横梁,致动器必须产生足以克服与横梁相关的弹簧力的力。一般而言,随着横梁的移置需求的增加,致动器所需的用来弯曲或移置横梁的输出力也增加。
致动器除了产生足以克服与横梁相关的弹簧力的力之外,还必须产生能够克服作用在横梁上的流体流动力,该流体流动力对抗横梁的预期移置(intended displacement)。一般地,这些流体流动力随着通过流体口的流速增加而增加。
同样,一般地,随着横梁的移置需求的增加和/或随着通过流体口的流速需求的增加,致动器所需的输出力以及致动器的尺寸和驱动致动器所需的动力也必须增加。
一种具体类型的微型阀系统是先导式微型阀(pilot operatedmicrovalve)。典型地,这样的微型阀装置包括微型滑阀,该微型滑阀是由如上所述的类型的微型阀先导式操作的。例如,美国专利No.6,494,804、6,540,203、6,637,722、6,694,998、6,755,761、6,845,962和6,994,115公开了先导式微型阀,其公开内容通过引用并入于此。
发明概述
本发明涉及一种用于控制液压或气压系统中的流体流动的改进的滑阀装置。
滑阀组件包括先导式滑阀(pilot operated spool valve),该先导式滑阀可根据横跨该阀的压力差而移动。在一个实施方式中,滑阀组件包括设置在腔中的阀芯。处于控制压力下的第一流体容积设置在第一阀芯端部和第一腔端部之间。处于参考压力(reference pressure)下的第二流体容积设置在第二阀芯端部和第二腔端部之间。由于滑阀的并发的节流效应,参考压力随着滑阀位置的改变而改变。在另一个实施方式中,滑阀组件包括微型先导阀,该微型先导阀设定控制压力,主滑阀的阀芯响应于该控制压力而移动。主滑阀的口的流通横截面积以与微型先导阀的促动成比例地变化。
当参照附图阅读时,从以下的优选实施方式的详细描述中,本发明的各种目的和优势对于本领域技术人员而言将变得明显。
附图简述
图1是根据本发明的第一实施方式的滑阀组件的透视图。
图2是从图1的安装结构(mounting structure)的下方的透视图。
图3是图1的组件的半透明透视图。
图4是图3的组件沿4-4线剖切所得的横截面图。
图5是图3的组件沿5-5线剖切所得的横截面图。
图6是图5的主滑阀处于完全打开位置的横截面图。
图7是图5的主滑阀处于中间位置的横截面图。
图8是图5的主滑阀处于完全关闭位置的横截面图。
图9是图7的横截面放大图。
图10是根据本发明的第二实施方式的滑阀组件的主滑阀的横截面图,其示出了处于完全关闭位置的主滑阀。
图11是图10的主滑阀处于中间位置的横截面图。
图12图10的主滑阀处于完全打开位置的横截面图。
图13是图11的横截面放大图。
图14是根据本发明的第三实施方式的滑阀组件的主滑阀的透视图,其示出了具有两个主输入口(main input port)和两个主输出口(main output port)的主滑阀。
图15是根据本发明的第四实施方式的滑阀组件的主滑阀的透视图,其示出了具有四个主输入口和四个主输出口的主滑阀。
图16是根据本发明的第五实施方式的滑阀组件的主滑阀的透视图,其示出了具有八个主输入口和八个主输出口的主滑阀。
图17是根据本发明的第六实施方式的滑阀组件的横截面示意图,其图解了处于中间位置时的流体压力。
图18是图17的滑阀组件的前透视示意图。
图19是图17的滑阀组件的后透视示意图。
图20是根据本发明的第七实施方式的滑阀组件的半透明透视示意图。
图21是根据本发明的第八实施方式的滑阀组件的横截面示意图,其图解了处于完全打开位置时的流体压力。
图22是根据本发明的第九实施方式的滑阀组件的半透明透视示意图。
优选实施方式详述
图1和图3-5中示出了根据本发明的第一实施方式的滑阀组件10。注意,贯穿所有附图,具有相似的结构和功能的元件被标以相似的标识符(参考数字)。组件10包括由微型先导阀14驱动的大尺寸的主滑阀(macro-sized main spool valve)12。虽然组件10已经被描述成包括大尺寸的主滑阀12和微型先导阀14,但是,应理解,组件10可包括适用于将使用组件10的应用的任何主滑阀或先导阀。在操作中,主滑阀12跟随先导阀14的运动。也就是说,先导阀14的打开-关闭位置的变化由主滑阀12的打开-关闭位置的线性等效变化来匹配。在该例子中,由于直接的线性关系,因此,如果微型先导阀14是半打开的,则主滑阀12将是半打开的,等等。而不管操作组件10的压力和流量条件是怎么样的。组件10优选地为可电子调节的。与其他阀组件相比,组件10优选地能够处理对于其尺寸的高流量,并还优选地具有快速响应。
主滑阀12是常开阀。但是,应理解,主滑阀12可以是常闭阀或其他形式的常定位阀(normally positioned valve)。图4和5中最佳地示出处于完全打开位置的滑阀12。
主滑阀12设置在块状阀壳(block valve housing)16中,但是这不是必要的。主滑阀12可设置在任何合适的环境中。
微型先导阀14经由安装结构18固定到阀壳16,如图2中最佳地示出的,但是这不是必要的。应理解,先导阀14可以根据需要以任何方式合适地布置在组件10中的任何地方。
阀壳16包括各种通道和口,以便将装置10的不同部分连接到流体回路的其他部分或互相连接。
如图5中最佳地示出的,主滑阀12包括阀芯20,该阀芯20设置在套筒22内,而该套筒22设置在形成在阀壳16中的腔24内。在一个优选的实施方式中,阀芯20为6mm直径的阀芯。套筒22包括多个主流动口(primary flow port),该多个主流动口包括主输入口26和主输出口28。如图4中所示,主流在P1处进入腔24并在P2处离开腔24。再次参照图5,先导阀14将在C1处设定控制压力,并且阀芯20将响应该控制压力而移动并在R1处设定对应的参考压力。优选地,阀芯20的总行程为1.0mm,但是这不是必要的。套筒22还包括至少一个参考输入口30和一个参考输出口32。最优选地,参考输入口30和参考输出口32为串联的两个直径1.0mm的孔。
多个可选的球形止回阀34被压入到安装架18和壳16中的一系列通道内,以根据需要提供附加的流动控制。
在优选的实施方式中,微型先导阀14是开心式三通阀(opencenter 3-way valve)。先导阀14控制如C1所指处阀芯20上的控制压力。主滑阀12的阀芯20将移动到一个位置,该位置以如R1所指处阀芯20的一个端部上的参考压力复制(replicate)控制压力。该动作在主输入口26和主输出口28之间调整滑阀12的主流通开口面积。
图6中示出了处于完全打开位置的主滑阀12。在常闭(在未致动状态是关闭的)先导阀的情况下,这代表了先导阀的动力切断例子。在该例子中,来自供应源的压力前往微型先导阀14的常闭输入口。回流低压对微型滑阀14的输出口开放。C1处的压力为回流压力。阀芯20向着C1处的低压而定位,并且主滑阀12对主输入口26和主输出口28之间的主流MF完全开放。参考输入口30对参考压力R1关闭。参考输出口32对参考压力R1开放。
图7中示出了处于中间位置的主滑阀12。在该例子中,这代表了先导阀的中间动力设定(mid-power setting)。先导阀14部分地打开,给出控制压力C1中的中间(向供应和回流)压力。通过滑阀12的主流MF部分地打开。参考输入口30和参考输出口32之间有设定参考压力R1的反馈流FF。优选地,参考压力R1在阀芯20的中央和阀芯20的端部槽36中存在。
图8是图5的主滑阀处于完全关闭位置的横截面图。在该例子中,这代表了处于完全动力(full power)下的先导阀。先导阀14对源压力完全开放,以产生最大的控制压力C1。主滑阀12的阀芯20被向着参考压力R1施力,且因此,通过滑阀12的主流被关闭。反馈流也被关闭,而仅仅连接参考压力R1和参考输入口30,这导致在参考压力R1处的供应压力。
参照图6-8所描述的例子参考常闭先导阀以及常开主滑阀而被描述。然而,应理解,根据本发明的滑阀组件可包括常开阀、常闭阀或其他形式的常定位阀的任何期望的组合。
应注意,在优选的实施方式中,在控制压力C1下,控制压力C1从先导阀14基本地转入到阀芯20的端部,来致动阀芯20的运动。还应理解,在优选的实施方式中,反馈流FF通过阀芯20,以减少控制压力C1和参考压力R1之间的泄漏。这在相对于先导阀14的位置和施加到先导阀14的动力来复制阀芯20的运动方面是有用的。
图9中示出了图7的放大图。
图10中示出了根据本发明的第二实施方式的滑阀组件的主滑阀112,其中,主滑阀112是常闭阀,并且先导阀(未示出)是常闭阀。图10中,主滑阀112示出为完全关闭位置。在该例子中,该情况代表了先导阀的动力切断状态。先导阀的先导输入口(pilot input port)对高压源关闭,而先导阀的先导输出口(pilot output port)对回流低压开放。处于控制压力C2下的流体容积经由先导阀与回流低压连通。滑阀112的阀芯120被向着处于控制压力C2下的容积牵引。因此,滑阀112对主流关闭。反馈流在参考输入口130和参考输出口132之间被关闭。
图11中示出了处于中间位置的主滑阀112。在该例子中,这代表了先导阀的中间动力促动。先导输入口将对高压源部分地开放,并且先导输出口将对回流低压部分地开放。因此,先导阀向滑阀112提供中间(向供应压力和回流压力)压力控制压力C1。阀芯120被向着参考压力R2牵引。滑阀120对主输入口126和主输出口128之间的主流MF部分地开放。滑阀120对反馈流FF部分地开放。
图12中示出了处于完全打开位置的主滑阀112。在该例子中,该情况是先导阀114的完全动力促动。先导输入口对供应源完全开放,而先导输出口对回流低压完全关闭。因此,控制压力C2与高压供应相等。阀芯120被向着参考压力R2施力。主流完全打开。参考压力与高压供应源完全连通,并且对回流低压完全关闭。
优选地,在该例子中,加压流体容积存在于阀芯120内,以减少控制压力C2和参考压力R2之间的泄漏。这在通过主阀芯复制先导阀位置方面是有用的。
图13中示出了图11的放大图。
根据本发明的几个实施方式,主流的流动能力可根据需要通过调节设置在阀芯套筒中的孔的数量和/或尺寸来调节。
图14中示出了根据本发明的第三实施方式的主滑阀212,该主滑阀212具有包括两个主输入口226(示出了一个)和两个主输出口(示出了一个)的套筒222。优选地,形成主输入口226和主输出口228的孔的直径为1.0mm,但是这些孔可以为任何期望的直径。
图15中示出了根据本发明的第四实施方式的主滑阀312,该主滑阀312具有包括四个主输入口326(示出了两个)和四个主输出口(示出了两个)的套筒322。优选地,形成主输入口326和主输出口328的孔的直径为1.0mm,但是这些孔可以为任何期望的直径。
图16中示出了根据本发明的第五实施方式的主滑阀412,该主滑阀412具有包括八个主输入口426(示出了四个)和八个主输出口(示出了四个)的套筒422。优选地,形成主输入口426和主输出口428的孔的直径为1.0mm,但是这些孔可以为任何期望的直径。
图17-19中示出了根据本发明的第六实施方式的滑阀组件510,其图解了处于中间位置时的流体压力。
图20中示出了根据本发明的第七实施方式的滑阀组件610。
图21中示出了根据本发明的第八实施方式的滑阀组件710,其图解了处于完全打开位置时的流体压力。
图22中示出了根据本发明的第九实施方式的滑阀组件810。
在本发明的一个方面,阀装置包括用于控制主流开口的尺寸的控制结构。例如,在常开和常闭滑阀的所图解的情况下,试图改变主流节流孔中的一个的尺寸的任何扰动力被反馈所抵抗。
尽管根据本发明的一个实施方式的阀组件由例如铝或不锈钢的金属制成,但是,应理解,阀组件可由陶瓷或适用于使用阀的应用的任何材料制成。
口流通横截面积和系统压力之间的关系可以通过以下的数学方程式1和3来说明。
方程式1 P 2 = P 1 A 1 2 ( A 1 2 + A 2 2 )
其中,P2是由先导阀14设定的控制容积C1的压力(注意,参考容积R1的压力也将为C1),P1是由供应源提供的通过主输入P1的流体的压力,A1是先导输入口的流通横截面积,以及A2是先导输出口的横截面积。
以下方程式2通过重新布置方程式1而获得。
方程式2 A 2 A 1 = P 1 - P 2 P 2
此外,方程式3 P 2 = P 1 A 3 2 ( A 3 2 + A 4 2 )
其中,A3是参考输入口30的流通横截面积,以及A4是参考输出口32的横截面积。
以下方程式4通过重新布置方程式3而获得。
方程式4 A 4 A 3 = P 1 - P 2 P 2
因此,方程式5 A 2 A 1 = A 4 A 3
示出了,先导输入口和先导输出口的流通横截面积之比与参考输入口30和参考输出口32的流通横截面积之比相等。
虽然已经关于具体的实施方式说明和图解了本发明的操作的原理和模式,然而,应理解,在不背离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,可以以与如所具体说明和图解的不同的方式实践本发明。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于控制流体流动的滑阀组件,其包括:
主体,其界定:具有第一端部和第二端部的腔;阀芯输入口,所述阀芯输入口用于流体连通进入所述腔;阀芯输出口,所述阀芯输出口用于流体连通离开所述腔;参考进口;和参考出口;
阀芯,其具有设置在所述腔中的第一端部和第二端部,以便在第一位置和第二位置之间滑动,所述第一位置允许流体从所述阀芯输入口流动到所述阀芯输出口,而所述第二位置限制流体从所述阀芯输入口流动到所述阀芯输出口,所述阀芯通过第一流体容积和第二流体容积之间的横跨所述阀芯的压力差来定位,所述第一流体容积处于控制压力下,且设置在所述阀芯的第一端部和所述腔的所述第一端部之间,而所述第二流体容积处于参考压力下,且设置在所述阀芯的第二端部和所述腔的所述第二端部之间,所述参考进口用于第二流体容积流体连通进入所述腔,所述参考出口用于第二流体容积流体连通离开所述腔,当所述阀芯处于所述第一位置时,所述参考进口和所述参考出口中的一个具有第一流动能力,而当所述阀芯处于所述第二位置时,所述参考进口和所述参考出口中的所述一个具有第二流动能力,以使所述参考压力通过改变所述阀芯的位置而改变。
2.如权利要求1所述的滑阀组件,其中,所述主体包括滑阀套筒,用于支撑所述阀芯。
3.如权利要求1所述的滑阀组件,还包括:
控制口,所述控制口适于接收控制压力信号;
所述参考进口适于连接到处于第一压力下的流体源;
所述参考出口适于连接到处于第二压力下的流体区域,所述第二压力小于所述第一压力;以及
所述阀芯的第一端部与所述主体相配合,以在所述阀芯的第一端部和所述腔的所述第一端部之间界定具有可变大小的第一流体容积,所述第一流体容积与所述控制口连续流体连通;
所述阀芯的第二端部与所述主体相配合,以在所述阀芯的第二端部和所述腔的所述第二端部之间界定具有可变大小的第二流体容积,所述阀芯在第一位置和第二位置之间是可移动的,同时实质上防止了所述第一流体容积和所述第二流体容积之间流体泄漏通过所述腔,所述第一位置邻近所述腔的所述第一端部,所述第二位置邻近所述腔的所述第二端部,当所述阀芯处于所述第一位置时,所述阀芯允许所述阀芯输入口和所述阀芯输出口之间的流体连通,当所述阀芯处于所述第二位置时,所述阀芯阻挡所述阀芯输入口和所述阀芯输出口之间的流体连通,随着所述阀芯从其所述第一位置向着其所述第二位置移动,所述阀芯逐渐地减小所述参考出口和所述第一流体容积之间的流体连通,并逐渐地增加所述参考进口和所述第一流体容积之间的流体连通,以随着所述阀芯从其所述第一位置向着其所述第二位置移动,引起所述第二流体容积中的压力上升,所述阀芯根据所述第一流体容积和所述第二流体容积之间的压力差而移动。
4.如权利要求1-3任意一项所述的滑阀组件,还包括微型先导阀,其被选择性地促动,以向所述第一流体容积发送压力控制信号,其中,所述滑阀的口的流通横截面积与微型先导阀的促动成比例地变化。
5.如权利要求1所述的滑阀组件,还包括:
先导阀,该先导阀具有先导输入口和先导输出口;
所述第一流体容积中的所述控制压力由所述先导阀设定;
所述阀芯响应于所述先导阀的控制压力变化而移动,以使所述先导输入口的流通横截面积和所述先导输出口的流通横截面积之比等于所述参考进口的流通横截面积和所述参考出口的流通横截面积之比。
6.如权利要求1所述的滑阀组件,其中,所述主体包括:
阀壳;和在所述腔内设置在阀壳中的套筒,所述阀芯输入口和所述阀芯输出口形成在所述套筒中。
7.如权利要求4所述的滑阀组件,其中,所述微型先导阀是开心式三通阀。
8.如权利要求1所述的滑阀组件,其中,所述阀芯可移动,以便同时地调节从所述阀芯输入口到所述阀芯输出口的流动和调节所述参考进口和所述参考出口之间的流动。
9.如权利要求5所述的滑阀组件,其中,所述先导阀是微型阀。
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