CN101622948A

CN101622948A - Culture method for rapid high yield of red jujubes in arid region

Info

Publication number: CN101622948A
Application number: CN200910163791A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周成军; 吴忠华; 罗杰芳; 刘河新; 郭飞; 姜超; 李佰岭; 鲁建英; 邵金红; 王小兵; 吴世民; 龙坤; 黄国强; 吴刚
Original assignee: AGRICULTURAL 2ND CORPS FOREST SEEDING ADMINISTRATION STATIONXINJIANG PRODUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION CORPS
Current assignee: AGRICULTURAL 2ND CORPS FOREST SEEDING ADMINISTRATION STATIONXINJIANG PRODUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION CORPS
Priority date: 2009-08-11
Filing date: 2009-08-11
Publication date: 2010-01-13

Abstract

The invention discloses a culture method for the rapid high yield of red jujubes in an arid region, belonging to the technical field of jujube tree culture. The characteristics of sour jujube seeds of resisting saline, alkaline and drought are utilized under an arid unwatered culture condition for the bunch planting of the sour jujube seeds by laying a drip irrigation tape through mechanical film covering to sow the sour jujube seeds in a culture mode of 2-4*0.4-1m so as to realize a seedling amount of the sour jujubes to be 410-830 and a seedling rate of 98 percent in first year, a water-saving rate per acre of 280-550<3>/acre and a yield of 100-500 kg/666.7 m<2> in second year by an engraft gardening technology aided by a pressured drip-irrigation water-saving technology, and a yield of 400-1000 kg/666.7 m<2> in a third year. The invention solves the problems of low survival rate, water-wasting culture, and the like of the jujube tree culture in the arid region and realizes the aim of the rapid high yield of the red jujubes in the arid region.

Description

A kind of culture method for rapid high yield of red jujubes in arid region

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of culture method for rapid high yield of red jujubes in arid region.

Background technology

The plantation of China red date is mostly adopted and was generated product seedlings (root evil seedling or grafting) in 2 years and carry out field planting, seedling cost is in 2-3 unit/strain, the plantation survival rate is not high, and especially in arid the Northwest, dry, lack of water, soil alkaline are heavy, jujube tree finished product seedling (root evil seedling, grafting) plantation survival rate is at 30-50%, and a little less than the growing way, survive the winter and dead a collection of, need the 3-4 after-culture could Cheng Yuan, spend a large amount of man power and materials, become the major obstacle that current jujube tree large tracts of land is planted.Adopt the dibbling of wild jujube kind benevolence machinery then to solve this difficult problem.The employing wild jujube is live, and wild jujube is kept a full stand of seedings more than 98%, 1 year grafting Cheng Yuan, and output reaches 100kg/666.7m ², the 3rd annual production 400kg/666.7m ²Solve jujube tree and influenced output because of being short of seedling.Simultaneously, shortage of water resources, water of jujube tree flood irrigation needs 150-200m ³/ mu, the whole growth phase need irrigate 4-5 time, needs 800-1000m ³/ mu water, often lack of water influences the irrigation of jujube growth utilization pressurization drip irrigation, and the whole growth phase is irrigated 450-520m ³/ mu water can satisfy jujube growth, water saving 280-550m ³/ mu solves the difficulty that the water famine influences jujube growth.Adopt girdling, pinching, spray short fruit fruit retention technical measures such as foreign aid's hormone, solved the jujube tree low difficult problem of bearing fruit; Realize the cultivation purpose of arid red date rapid high yield.

Summary of the invention

By the irrigate band sowing of spina date seed seed mechanical film shop, plantation mode 2-4 * 0.4-1m; Realize that wild jujube becomes seedling 410-830 strain then, become seedling 98%; 1 year grafting Cheng Yuan, and be aided with pressurization drip irrigation economize technology, water saving 280-550m ³/ mu, output reaches 100-500kg/666.7m ², the 3rd annual production 400-1000kg/666.7m ²Output has solved difficult problems such as red jujubes in arid region tree survival rate is low, water-saving culture, has filled up the blank of the purplish red rapid high yield cultivation of domestic arid biogeographic zone.

Embodiment

(1) the live garden of building of wild jujube:

1. whole ground: at arid biogeographic zone, after preceding stubble is the cotton field results, promptly then October every even high-quality base manure 1000kg/ mu that applies per mu, phosphate fertilizer 60kg/ mu, machinery ploughs, smooth, freezes and irritates 200m ³/ mu water.

2. cover film and irrigate band: (2-4 * 0.4-1m) is together under the shop, shape to be broadcast by wide capable dense planting with irrigate band and film utilizing machinery at the beginning of 3 months 1 year early springs.

3. sowing: when ground temperature under the film is stabilized in 15 ℃, carry out the mechanical membrane upper seeding wheel, seeding method 2-4 * 0.4-1m, mu is with planting a 150-200g/ mu.

4. final singling: individual plant is stayed in final singling when seedling grows into 10cm.

5. irrigate and apply fertilizer: drip irrigation water for the first time when the wild jujube seedling grows into 20cm, every mu is dripped 30 cubic metres/mu, concrete May 20 moon time, second to the 4th water, 10 days at interval, 30m dripped at every turn ³/ mu adds 10kg/ mu urea simultaneously.The the 5th to the 7th water, 15 days at interval, water yield 30m ³/ mu.About mid-August.Winter irrigation: winter irrigation at the beginning of by the end of October by 11 months, every mu of 180m ³/ mu.

6. pinching: pinching when wild jujube seedling length arrives 60cm.

(2) grafting Cheng Yuan:

1. pour water and apply fertilizer: 1 year at 500kg/ mu on the 20th fertilizer in March, flood irrigation 150m thereafter ³/ mu water.

2. grafting: at the beginning of 4 months to carrying out scion grafting by the end of April,

3. rich water: drip 6 times.Each 30m that drips ³/ mu, 10-20 days at interval, when dripping for second to the 4th time, every mu splashed into 10-15kg/ mu urea.Winter irrigation: winter irrigation at the beginning of by the end of October by 11 months, every mu of 180m ³/ mu.

4. grafting management: take out living 5-7 secondary branch pinching at the jujube head, pinching when secondary branch growth 5 joints.Spray foreign aid's hormone 2 times at the florescence.

5. the extermination of disease and insect pest: forecast of disease and pest, when being arranged, the jujube cecidomyiia in time prevents and treats.

6. output: 100-500kg/666.7m ²

(3) high-yield cultivating:

1. pour water and apply fertilizer: A, fertilising: at 1000kg/ mu on the 20th fertilizer in April; And splash into 20-40kg/ mu urea with drip irrigation.B, water: begin to drip drip irrigation 6-9 time, each 30-40m before the jujube tree rudiment by the end of April ³/ mu, 10-20 days at interval; Winter irrigation (flood irrigation) at the beginning of 10 end-11 month, every mu of 200m ³/ mu.

2. florescence management: when jujube tree has a jujube to hang on to occur two when colored, in first branch, carry out girdling, at interval seven days again girdling once, continuous girdling three times, girdling mouth spacing 2-3cm; Spray 2-3 gibberellin at initial bloom stage to full-bloom stage simultaneously, each seven days at interval, Gibberellins solution concentration 10-20ppm, each fluid volume 50-100kg/ mu.

3. output: realize output 400-1000kg/666.7m ²

Claims

1, a kind of culture method for rapid high yield of red jujubes in arid region is characterized in that:

The seed that uses is the wild jujube kind benevolence of shelling;

Use tectorial seeder that the spina date seed seed is directly sowed, 2-4 * 0.4-1m carries out mechanical bunch planting by plantation mode mode, mu sowing quantity 150-200g/667m ²

Grafting red date on the direct wild jujube that has grown up in the ground;

Utilize the pressurization drip irrigation to irrigate, mu water saving 220-550m ³/ mu.