CN101622720B - 太阳电池用背面保护片和具备其的太阳电池模块 - Google Patents

太阳电池用背面保护片和具备其的太阳电池模块 Download PDF

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CN101622720B
CN101622720B CN2008800064203A CN200880006420A CN101622720B CN 101622720 B CN101622720 B CN 101622720B CN 2008800064203 A CN2008800064203 A CN 2008800064203A CN 200880006420 A CN200880006420 A CN 200880006420A CN 101622720 B CN101622720 B CN 101622720B
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安川秀范
渡部正照
保坂真
坂本浩行
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Abstract

本发明提供一种太阳电池用背面保护片和具备该背面保护片的太阳电池模块，所述太阳电池用背面保护片能够提高与作为用于密封太阳电池元件的填充材料的EVA树脂的粘合性，且能够长期维持耐候性，并且能够实现轻量化。太阳电池用背面保护片(10)配置于太阳电池模块(100)的背面侧，其中，包含：第一薄膜(11)，以与填充材料(7)的表面相接触的方式固着，含有密度为0.91g/cm3以上且0.93g/cm3以下的线性低密度聚乙烯；和第二薄膜(12)，层压于第一薄膜(11)上，配置于该太阳电池用背面保护片(10)的最外层，含有聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。

Description

太阳电池用背面保护片和具备其的太阳电池模块
技术领域
本发明一般而言涉及配置于太阳电池模块的背面侧的太阳电池用背面保护片和具备其的太阳电池模块，特别是涉及具有耐候性的太阳电池用背面保护片和具备其的太阳电池模块。 
背景技术
太阳电池模块在其性质上多设置于室外，因此，为了保护太阳电池元件、电极、配线等，在表面侧配置例如透明玻璃板，在背面侧配置例如铝箔与树脂薄膜的层压片、或树脂薄膜的层压片等。 
例如，日本特开平11-261085号公报(专利文献1)中提出了一种太阳电池用背面保护片，其由使用密度为0.94g/cm3以上且0.97g/cm3以下的聚乙烯类树脂、且具备耐候性和防湿性的片材构成。 
另外，例如日本特开2000-294813号公报(专利文献2)中提出了通过乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物类粘合剂将外被薄膜与防湿薄膜层压一体化而成的太阳电池用背面覆盖材料，其中，防湿薄膜是在基材薄膜的表面上形成了无机氧化物涂膜的薄膜。在此，作为外被薄膜，使用聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氟乙烯(PVF)薄膜等含氟树脂薄膜，外被薄膜的厚度为12～200μm。 
专利文献1：日本特开平11-261085号公报 
专利文献2：日本特开2000-294813号公报 
发明内容
太阳电池用背面保护片通过热压粘合于作为用于密封太阳电池元 件的填充材料的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)树脂的外表面。 
但是，上述日本特开平11-261085号公报(专利文献1)中提出的太阳电池用背面保护片虽然在使用初期的阶段具有耐候性，但是存在与作为用于密封太阳电池元件的填充材料的EVA树脂的粘合性差的问题。因此，该太阳电池用背面保护片不能随时间推移而维持其粘合性，因而有发生剥离而不能保护太阳电池模块的背面、从而不能长期维持耐候性的可能性。 
日本特开2000-294813号公报(专利文献2)中提出的太阳电池用背面覆盖材料，由于使用PVDF、PVF薄膜等含氟树脂薄膜作为外被薄膜，因而具有耐候性，但是，这些含氟树脂薄膜的加工性差，因此难以减薄至厚度40μm以下的程度。因此，难以使太阳电池模块整体和背面保护片一同轻量化。另外，这些含氟树脂薄膜的润湿性差，因此还存在与其它树脂薄膜层压时不能得到充分粘合力的问题。 
因此，本发明的目的在于，提供一种太阳电池用背面保护片和具备其的太阳电池模块，所述太阳电池用背面保护片能够提高与作为用于密封太阳电池元件的填充材料的EVA树脂的粘合性，且能够长期维持耐候性，并且能够实现轻量化。 
本发明的太阳电池用背面保护片，配置于太阳电池模块的背面侧，其中，具备：第一薄膜，含有密度为0.91g/cm3以上且0.93g/cm3以下的线性低密度聚乙烯；和第二薄膜，层压于该第一薄膜上，含有聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。 
本发明的太阳电池模块具备：用于密封太阳电池元件而配置的由乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物树脂构成的填充材料、和固着于该太阳电池模块的背面侧的填充材料的外表面上的太阳电池用背面保护片。太阳电池用背面保护片包含：第一薄膜，以与填充材料的表面相接触的方式固着，含有密度为0.91g/cm3以上且0.93g/cm3以下的线性低密度聚乙烯；和第二薄膜，层压于该第一薄膜上，配置于该太阳电池用背面保护片的最外层，含有聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
发明效果 
本发明的太阳电池用背面保护片中，第一薄膜与用于密封太阳电池元件而配置的填充材料的粘合性优良，且随时间推移能够维持其粘合性，其中，所述第一薄膜含有密度为0.91g/cm3以上且0.93g/cm3以下的线性低密度聚乙烯，所述填充材料由乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物树脂构成。另外，在太阳电池用背面保护片的最外层配置含有聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的第二薄膜，由此，在显示耐候性的同时加工性比含氟树脂薄膜好，因此能够减薄至40μm以下，例如在使用干式层压用粘合剂并用干式层压法层压于第一薄膜上的情况下，能够得到充分的粘合力。 
因此，根据本发明，能够提高作为用于密封太阳电池元件的填充材料的EVA树脂与背面保护片的粘合性，且能够长期维持背面保护片的耐候性，并且能够实现太阳电池用背面保护片和太阳电池模块的轻量化。 
附图说明
图1是表示应用了作为本发明的一个实施方式的太阳电池用背面保护片的太阳电池模块的剖面结构的示意图； 
图2是本发明的太阳电池用背面保护片的一个实施方式的剖面图。 
符号说明 
10  太阳电池用背面保护片 
11  第一薄膜 
12  第二薄膜 
100  太阳电池模块 
具体实施方式
图1是表示应用了作为本发明的一个实施方式的太阳电池用背面保护片的太阳电池模块的剖面结构的示意图。 
如图1所示，太阳电池模块100上排列有多个太阳电池元件1。这些太阳电池元件1经由电极2通过连接配线3彼此电连接，太阳电池模块100作为整体通过引线4在背面侧抽出端子5，端子5容纳于端子箱6中。为了将多个太阳电池元件1密封，配置有由乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)树脂构成的填充材料7。位于太阳电池模块100的受光面侧的填充材料7的外表面上固着有透明玻璃层8。位于太阳电池模块100的设置面侧的填充材料7的外表面上固着有本发明的太阳电池用背面保护片10。此外，太阳电池模块100的侧面上经由密封材料安装有铝制框构件9。 
图2是表示本发明的太阳电池用背面保护片的一个实施方式的剖面图。 
如图2所示，太阳电池用背面保护片10中，从在相对靠近太阳电池模块100的一侧(内侧)配置的内层起，依次层压有含有密度为0.91g/cm3以上且0.93g/cm3以下的线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)的第一薄膜11、由含有聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)的混合树脂薄膜构成的第二薄膜12。在第一薄膜11与第二薄膜12之间配置有粘合剂层13。第一薄膜11以与填充材料7的表面相接触的方式固着。该固着使用热压进行。第二薄膜12配置于太阳电池用背面保护片10的最外层。粘合剂层13由干式层压用粘合剂形成。第一薄膜11的厚度为约30μm～约100μm，第二薄膜12的厚度为约5μm～约30μm。构成作为第二薄膜12的混合树脂薄膜的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)的混合比例优选为PVDF/PMMA＝1/9～9/1。 
第一薄膜11和第二薄膜12的各自的表面上可以根据需要涂布锚固涂层剂等。 
为了吸收或反射紫外线，第二薄膜12中可以混入氧化钛、硫酸钡等白色颜料。 
为了改善与填充材料7的粘合性，可以在第一薄膜11的受光面侧形成底漆层。作为底漆剂，优选使用丙烯类底漆、聚酯类底漆等。底漆剂的涂布量在约2g/m2～约15g/m2即可。 
第一薄膜11和第二薄膜12可以使用公知的方法进行层压。例如，除了采用使用二液固化型氨基甲酸酯类粘合剂、聚醚氨基甲酸酯类粘合剂、聚酯类粘合剂、聚酯多元醇类粘合剂、聚酯聚氨酯多元醇类粘合剂等的干式层压、如图2所示那样经由粘合剂层13层压第一薄膜11和第二薄膜12的方法之外，还可以采用利用共挤出、挤出涂布、使用锚固涂层剂的热层压等的方法。优选采用干式层压法层压第一薄膜11和第二薄膜12，特别优选使用含有氨基甲酸酯树脂的粘合剂通过干式层压法进行层压。 
实施例 
如下所述制作太阳电池用背面保护片的实施例、比较例、参考例的试样。 
(实施例1) 
使用干式层压用粘合剂，通过干式层压法在作为第一薄膜的厚度60μm的LLDPE薄膜(東セロ株式会社制、产品名T.U.X-HC、密度0.914g/cm3)的表面上粘合作为第二薄膜的厚度20μm的混合树脂薄膜(混合比例：PVDF 8重量份、PMMA 2重量份)(电气化学工业株式会社制、产品名Denka DX)。作为干式层压用粘合剂，使用将三井化学聚氨酯株式会社制造的产品名Takelac A315(100重量份)与产品名Takenate A50(10重量份)混合而成的氨基甲酸酯类粘合剂，使固体成分的涂布量为3g/m2。如此，制作作为本发明实施例的背面保护片。 
(比较例1) 
使用厚度80μm的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)薄膜(タマポリ株式会社制、产品名HD、密度0.945g/cm3)作为本发明的背面保护片的比较例。 
(比较例2) 
使用干式层压用粘合剂，通过干式层压法在厚度40μm的PVF薄膜(杜邦公司制、产品名Tedlar)的表面上粘合厚度40μm的PVF薄膜(杜邦公司制、产品名Tedlar)。作为干式层压用粘合剂，使用将三井化学聚氨酯株式会社制造的产品名Takelac A315(100重量份)与产品名Takenate A50(10重量份)混合而成的氨基甲酸酯类粘合剂，使固体成分的涂布量为3g/m2。如此，制作作为本发明比较例的背面保护片。 
(参考例) 
使用干式层压用粘合剂，通过干式层压法在作为第一薄膜的厚度80μm的HDPE薄膜(タマポリ株式会社制、产品名HD、密度0.945g/cm3)的表面上粘合作为第二薄膜的厚度20μm的混合树脂薄膜(混合比例：PVDF 8重量份、PMMA 2重量份)(电气化学工业株式会社制、产品名Denka DX)。作为干式层压用粘合剂，使用将三井化学聚氨酯株式会社制造的产品名Takelac A315(100重量份)与产品名Takenate A50(10重量份)混合而成的氨基甲酸酯类粘合剂，使固体成分的涂布量为3g/m2。如此，制作作为本发明参考例的背面保护片。 
使用得到的太阳电池用背面保护片制作模拟太阳电池模块。具体而言，模拟太阳电池模块如下进行制作：在厚度3mm、面积15cm2×18cm2的玻璃板上以三边重合的方式依次层压厚度0.8mm、面积15cm2×18cm2的EVA树脂(三井フアブロ株式会社制、产品名SOLAR EVARC-01)、面积15cm2×18cm2的各背面保护片，并使用大气压热压进行 加压。此外，在以下两种大气压热压条件下制作模拟太阳电池模块。 
A)在150℃的温度下真空脱泡处理15分钟后，在150℃的温度下使用大气压加压5分钟。 
B)在120℃的温度下真空脱泡处理15分钟后，在120℃的温度下使用大气压加压5分钟。 
如下评价以上制作的模拟太阳电池模块的初始物性和耐候性。 
(初始物性) 
从背面保护片的表面侧向EVA树脂以((背面保护片的厚度)+5μm)的深度切出宽15mm、长18cm的切口，由此制作一端开放的15mm宽的试验片，并以100mm/分钟的拉伸速度拉伸该试验片。测定此时的断裂应力值，作为EVA树脂与背面保护片之间的粘合力(N/15mm)。但是，该断裂应力值超过40(N/15mm)时，背面保护片在EVA树脂与背面保护片之间产生剥离之前发生断裂，因此不能评价准确的粘合力，而评价粘合力为40(N/15mm)以上。 
(耐候性) 
将在大气压热压条件A下制作的模拟太阳电池模块在温度85℃、相对湿度85％的环境中保持3000小时后，观察背面保护片的外观，并且测定EVA树脂与背面保护片之间的粘合力(N/15mm)。粘合力的测定与上述(初始物性)同样地进行。 
以上结果示于表1。 
表1 
Figure G2008800064203D00081
从表1的结果可知，本发明的实施例能够提高作为填充材料的EVA树脂与背面保护片的粘合性，并能够长期维持背面保护片的耐候性。 
本次公开的实施方式和实施例从任何角度来说都应视为例示性而非限制性的。本发明的范围如权利要求书所示而不受上述实施方式和实施例的限制，并包含权利要求等效物的含义和范围内的所有修改与变形。 
产业上的可利用性 
本发明的太阳电池用背面保护片配置于太阳电池模块的背面侧使用，能够提高作为用于密封太阳电池元件的填充材料的EVA树脂与背面保护片的粘合性，且能够长期维持背面保护片的耐候性，并且能够实现太阳电池用背面保护片和太阳电池模块的轻量化。 

Claims (2)

1.一种太阳电池用背面保护片(10)，配置于太阳电池模块的背面侧，其中，具备：
第一薄膜(11)，含有密度为0.91g/cm3以上且0.93g/cm3以下的线性低密度聚乙烯；和
第二薄膜(12)，层压于所述第一薄膜(11)上，含有聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
2.一种太阳电池模块(100)，具备：
用于密封太阳电池元件而配置的由乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物树脂构成的填充材料(7)；和
固着于该太阳电池模块的背面侧的所述填充材料的外表面上的太阳电池用背面保护片(10)，其中，
所述太阳电池用背面保护片(10)包含：
第一薄膜(11)，以与所述填充材料(7)的表面相接触的方式固着，含有密度为0.91g/cm3以上且0.93g/cm3以下的线性低密度聚乙烯；和
第二薄膜(12)，层压于所述第一薄膜(11)上，配置于该太阳电池用背面保护片(10)的最外层，含有聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
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CN101622720A (zh) 2010-01-06
JP5237569B2 (ja) 2013-07-17
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JP2008211034A (ja) 2008-09-11
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