CN101583302B - 关于真空除尘器中的气流损耗的改良 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种真空除尘器的改良,以能够减少穿过真空除尘器的空气通道中的气流损耗。更具体地说,通过本发明避免气体通道的突然收缩或扩张、横截面形状的变化或突发的尺寸变化、进入到空气通道的外部空气的泄漏,以及防止空气通道内碎片的堵塞。本发明可适用于手持式真空除尘器设备、棍式真空除尘器、包括可释放的手持式设备和支撑体的所谓二合一型真空除尘器以及具有气旋类碎片收集器的真空除尘器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种真空除尘器的改良,以能够减少穿过真空除尘器的空气通道中的气流损耗。
背景技术
真空除尘器的吸入效率除了取决于电机的有效功率以外,还在很大程度上取决于穿过真空除尘器的空气通道中的吸入效率损耗或气流损耗。
为了实现高吸入效率和减少能量消耗,避免空气通道中的气流损耗在所有类型的真空除尘器中都是非常重要的。然而,这对于具有电池供电的电机的真空除尘器尤其重要。在这种情况下,通过增加电机动力来补充空气通道的气流损耗并不是优选方案,这是因为这会有如下影响,即电池能量将在短时间内用尽,进而需要频繁地充电。如可选地,电池能量容量可通过在真空除尘器中设有更多的电池来增强,但是这将有如下影响,即真空除尘器的成本和重量也将会增加。
电池供电的真空除尘器可由许多不同的实施例获知。电池供电的真空除尘器最常见的类型是小型手持式设备,这类小型手持式设备用于简单清洁厨房、机动车和类似地方。由于电池的采用,消除了对主电源线的需要,还可能使例如日常的厨房清洁变得迅速和容易。还有一种公知的电池供电的棍式类型的真空除尘器,这种真空除尘器在其下端设有管口装置,而在其上端设有把手,通过该种真空除尘器能够用于例如地板的真空清洁。还有一种公知的由上述两种类型相结合的电池供电的真空除尘器,也就是说所谓的“二合一”型真空除尘器,这种真空除尘器包括手持式设备,该手持式设备能够随意地插入到一伸长的支撑体中,以形成棍式真空除尘器,该棍式真空除尘器具有设在其下端的管口装置和设在其上端的把手,通过该棍式真空除尘器例如使地板能够容易进行真空清洁,同时手持式设备还能够用于单独地真空清洁例如桌子、操作台或狭窄的地方。前述真空除尘器的最后一种类型中,所有的机器,诸如电机、风扇设备、电池以及碎片收集器,都设置在比较小的手持式设备内部,同时当真空清洁地板时支撑体仅作为手持式设备的承载体而产生作用。作为结果,用于所述机器的有效空间受到限制,同时,空气必须被吸入比较长的距离,从支撑体的下端上的管口装置穿过支撑体内部的气体通道、并穿过手持式设备。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是通过减少真空除尘器的空气通道中的气流损耗来改善吸入效率。
根据本发明的第一个方面,本发明的一个目的是通过手持式设备类型的真空除尘器的空气通道来改善吸入效率。至少,这个目的通过根据权利要求6、7、8和11所述的真空除尘器得以实现。
根据本发明的第二个方面,本发明的一个目的是通过棍式真空除尘器的空气通道来改善吸入效率。至少,这个目的通过根据权利要求1、6、7、8和12所述的真空除尘器得以实现。
根据本发明的第三个方面,本发明的一个目的是通过所述“二合一”型真空除尘器的空气通道来改善吸入效率,所述“二合一”型真空除尘器包括手持式设备和支撑体,所述手持式设备是可以插入式的,以能够随意地单独使用手持式设备或作为棍式真空除尘器来使用。至少,这个目的通过根据权利要求1、3、6、7、8、12和13所述的真空除尘器得以实现。
根据本发明的第四个方面,本发明的一个目的是通过具有气旋类碎片收集器的真空除尘器的空气通道来改善吸入效率。至少,这个目的通过根据权利要求6、7和8所述的真空除尘器得以实现。
大体上说,避免气体通道的突然收缩或扩张、横截面形状的变化或突发的尺寸变化、进入到空气通道的外部空气的泄漏,以及防止空气通道内碎片的堵塞,减少了真空除尘器中的气流损耗。
为了在使用的过程中提供给棍式真空除尘器紧凑、顺利和简单的控制和成本有效的制造,公知的方式是,机械地通过铰接接头和由空气作用地通过挠性软管在真空除尘器的下端设有管口装置,优选地在所述铰接接头后面的区域内,以尽可能地将所述挠性软管隐藏在所述铰接接头的后面。一般地,这种挠性软管具有椭圆形或圆形横截面。为了使所述挠性软管的表面尽可能是不连续的,所述挠性软管的最大宽度必须要受到限制。由于横截面是椭圆形或圆形,这具有的影响是,所述挠性软管的横截面区域变得不必要地受到限制,这就增大了通过所述挠性软管的气流损耗。根据本发明,所述挠性软管可替代地制成具有大体上呈矩形或正方形的横截面。以这种方式,所述铰接接头后面的有效空间有效地用于尽可能向最外方延伸,以将所述挠性软管隐藏到所述铰接接头的后面,并且同时还有效地用于提供具有比较大的横截面区域的空气通道。具有同样横截面区域的情况下,矩形或正方形软管从前门到后面比椭圆形或圆形软管还要细。例如当真空清洁家具下面的狭窄空间时这就具有优势。通过较细软管可使管口装置和支撑体之间的所述铰接接头设在较低处,这同样地便于进入家具下方。另一个优势是,管口的移动能力得以加强,这是因为矩形软管由于其凹陷壁比椭圆形软管更少有可能地接触到地板。
如上所述,具有优势的,至少到所述碎片收集器,保持空气通道大体上相同的形状和横截面尺寸,以用于减少气流损耗。通过形成具有矩形或正方形横截面的挠性软管,实现这个目的更为简单,因为通常趋向于在具有矩形横截面的支撑体中形成空气通道。然而,虽然关于限制气流损耗上具有太小的横截面尺寸的空气通道是不利的,但是如果尺寸太大的话也是一个缺点。根据本发明,已经发现,尺寸在0.07-0.03dm2之间的所述空气通道的横截面优化用于18-7l/sec(升每秒)的气流。这是由于,气流速率必须足够高以能够实现具有良好效果的真空清洁。
为了减少空气通道中的气流损耗,还很重要的是要防止空气通道中碎片的堵塞。然而,如果某些碎片仍然在空气通道中堵塞,那么真空除尘器设计成能够便于清除这些碎片的话也是具有优势的。因此,本发明的一个实施例中,将挠性软管通过快速释放装置连接到支撑体上和/或管口装置上,从而使所述挠性软管的至少一个端部能够简单地被释放,并且使任何堵塞的碎片能够从所述软管中被除去。
使用所述二合一型真空除尘器的情况下,该真空除尘器具有小型手持式设备,该小型手持式设备可插入到一支撑体中,已经发现,关于气流损耗的一个弱点是这样的连接件,即,所述连接件设在所述手持式设备,也就是所述手持式设备的管形进气口,和来自所述管口装置的所述支撑体中的空气通道之间。为了减少气流损耗,有益的是,使尽可能少的空气能够从外部被吸入穿过连接件而进入到所述空气通道中。同时,所述手持式设备必须容易并迅速地可从所述支撑体释放,以能够单独利用所述手持式设备进行真空清洁。在本发明的一个实施例中,所述连接件通过环形凸缘和柱状物形成,所述环形凸缘设在所述支撑体中并适于邻接设置在所述手持式设备上的管形进气口的环形边缘,所述珠状物适于邻接所述进气口的外表面,并且至少部分地围绕所述进气口的周围。在以下所述和示出的实施例中,所述连接件通过插入接头(sleeve)形成,所述插入接头具有环形凸缘和珠状物,所述珠状物安装在所述支撑体中的空气通道中。然而,还可能通过单独的珠状部件和形成单独珠状物的部件设置所述连接件,所述珠状物部件例如安装在空气通道中的圆形沟槽内,在空气通道中的环形凸缘上设有单独的密封部件。为了确保所述手持式设备从所述支撑体的适宜释放,有时适合地设有仅部分圆周围绕的密封珠状物。优选地,所述插入接头和单独的珠状物部件和密封部件分别由这样的材料形成,即,所述材料至少具有轻微弹性以确保密封邻接所述手持式设备的进气口管。
电池供电的真空除尘器以及尤其是手持式设备,通常设有碎片收集器,所述碎片收集器是气旋类分离器的形式,以从气流中分离碎片。主要因为电池供电的真空除尘器的碎片收集器中的有效空间对于一般型号的袋子太小,这就需要一种不常有的袋子替代品。已经发现,空气通道和通到气旋类分离器的入口的形状对于限制真空除尘器中的气流损耗是很重要的。根据本发明的一个实施例,来自所述手持式设备的进气口的空气通道是弯曲的,并且具有进入到所述气旋类分离器的入口,所述气旋类分离器相对于所述气旋类分离器的对称平面呈偏心设置,从而使气流大体上呈切线方向在所述气旋类分离器的较上部的周围进入气旋类分离器。因此,在进入到气旋类分离器的入口上的气流通道的方向变化减小,并且较少了气流损耗。
为了在气旋类分离器内部导引气流,在所述滤芯和所述碎片容器的内表面之间设有间隔壁,所述间隔壁从气旋类分离器的入口延伸出,并且优选地围绕滤芯至少大约四分之一至一半的距离。在远离入口的一端,所述间隔壁朝向所述滤芯的一端弯曲,以顺利地围绕滤芯螺旋地导引气流。因此,形成一大体上呈矩形的空气通道,所述空气通道具有与所述支撑体中的空气通道基本相同的形状和横截面尺寸,所述气旋类分离器中的空气通道限定在过滤器表面、碎片容器的内表面、碎片容器的端壁和间隔壁之间,并且所述气旋类分离器中的空气通道以大约四分之一至一半的距离围绕所述滤芯延伸。如上文所述,这在限制气流损耗和保持足够的气流速率的方面是具有优势的,并且在所述气旋类分离器内壁产生有利的气流。
在另一个实施例中,所述气旋类分离器的内部端部表面具有弯曲导向部,所述导向部位于所述间隔壁端部的附近,以进一步围绕所述滤芯螺旋地导引气流。
在另一个实施例中,所述滤芯设有过滤器材料,所述过滤器材料用于穿过所述过滤器进入到滤芯的空气通道,空气通道的一部分紧接着空气的气旋旋转的开始部分。因此,过滤器区域相对于现有技术的滤芯而增加,这具有的影响是,减少了通过滤芯的气流损耗。
在通过气旋类分离器中的滤芯之后,气流穿过滤芯通过入口到达电机风扇设备。根据本发明的一个实施例,所述到达电机风扇设备的入口为漏斗形,从而当气流在通过滤芯之后从气旋类分离器传送到电机风扇设备时气流损耗减少。
根据大多数国家的规定,到达电机风扇设备的入口由进口滤网罩住,以防止对旋转风扇的物理损坏。为了减少气流损耗,所述进口滤网具有圆屋顶形状。这对于气流损耗的减少在两种不同方式上是有益的。一方面,这具有的影响是,所述进口滤网的区域将更大,从而使穿过所述进口滤网的通气口的总区域能够变得更大。另一方面,这还具有的影响是,所述进口滤网将更强,由于圆屋顶形状,这种圆屋顶形状能够用于减少单个滤网部件的横截面尺寸,这也减少了穿过所述进口滤网的气流损耗。
为了减少穿过真空除尘器的气流损耗,重要的是,必须逐渐降低穿过来自风扇设备的排气部分的气流。因此,本发明的一个实施例中,所述真空除尘器在其前面设有第一出气口,而在其后面设有第二出气口。这个特征能够包括在手持式设备、棍式真空除尘器、以及二合一型真空除尘器之中。在前述真空除尘器中的最后一种类型的情况下,手持式设备在其前面设有第一出气口,而在其后面设有第二出气口,同时支撑体在用于容纳所述手持式设备的凹陷部的后面设有通气口,所述通气口大体上与所述第二出气口相符合。
可以理解为,在本发明的范围内,用于减少穿过真空除尘器的气流损耗的所有特征、所述特殊实施例都能够单独地或以其结合形式用于真空除尘器中。
附图说明
现将结合附图对所述二合一型真空除尘器形式的具体实施例进行说明。
图1为二合一型棍式真空除尘器的立体示意图;
图2为根据图1的真空除尘器的立体示意图,其中手持式设备从棍式支撑体释放;
图3为管口装置、支撑体和手持式设备之间的机械和气动连接件的示意图;
图4为挠性软管和支撑体之间的连接件的放大立体示意图;
图5为手持式设备的进气口管和支撑体中的空气通道之间的连接件的放大横截面示意图;
图6为手持式设备的底部方向的立体示意图,其中碎片容器被释放;
图7为手持式设备的顶部方向的立体示意图,其中碎片容器被释放并且滤芯从碎片容器中抽出;
图8为碎片容器的俯视剖面示意图,其中示出了滤芯和碎片容器内部的气流;
图9为通过进口滤网和通到电机和风扇设备的入口的横截面示意图;以及
图10为真空除尘器的后部方向的立体示意图,其中手持式设备被释放。
具体实施方式
一种二合一型的真空除尘器在图1中以装配状态示出,而在图2中以手持式设备1从棍式支撑体2释放的形式示出。支撑体2包括位于该支撑体的下端的管口装置3、位于该支撑体上端的把手4以及用于容纳手持式设备1的凹陷部5。手持式设备包括电机、充电电池、通过电机驱动的风扇设备、把手6以及气旋类分离器,该气旋类分离器包括用于收集碎片和灰尘的碎片容器7。管口装置3为普通的先前公知的种类,通过该管口装置使地板能够被真空清洁,当手持式设备1插入到支撑体2中时,在这种情况下通过手持式设备中的风扇设备将空气从管口装置3吸入,经过空气通道8进到支撑体2中。在另一方面,当手持式设备从支撑体释放时,手持式设备能够单独地用于真空清洁例如桌子、操作台或狭窄的地方,在这种情况下空气和碎片通过管式入口9被吸入。入口管能够连接到不同的管口转接器以便于对不同表面的真空清洁。
现参见图3,其中示出了处于分解状态下的支撑体2和管口装置3。在装配状态下,支撑体2和管口装置3通过铰接接头10连接,从而使管口装置在真空清洁的过程中能够相对于支撑体旋转。为了允许气流从管口装置3到达位于支撑体2中的空气通道8,在管口装置和支撑体之间连接有挠性软管11。根据本发明,该挠性软管具有大体上呈矩形的横截面形状。以这种方法,挠性软管11能够具有比较大的横截面区域,并且仍然在很大程度上隐藏在交接接头10的后面。在减少空气流量损耗的同时,这还有助于真空除尘器呈现整洁的外观。由于支撑体中的空气通道8具有大体上呈矩形的横截面,所以具有以下影响,即,产生很小的或基本上不存在由于改变管口装置和空气通道之间的横截面而产生的空气流量损耗。
而且,挠性软管11上端通过快速释放装置12连接到支撑体2上,该快速释放装置便于除去挠性软管中的可能堵塞的碎片并且由于该原因消除了气流损耗的危险。该快速释放装置12在图4中进一步详细示出,该图示出了软管11的上端设有刚性套环13,该刚性套环包括具有孔的弹性舌片(tabs)14,所述弹性舌片能够与支撑体2上的突出部匹配接合。
图3和5中示出了设置在手持式设备1的入口管9和支撑体2中的空气通道8之间的连接件。如图所示,手持式设备能够安装到凹陷部5中,从而使手持式设备1的入口管9插入到空气通道8内。为了使入口管9和空气通道8之间的空气泄漏减到最少,在空气通道8中安装一由弹性材料制成的密封套环15。图5中以较大的具体结构示出了设在手持式设备1的入口管9和支撑体2中的空气通道8之间的连接件区域内的密封套环15的横截面形状。根据本发明,密封套环具有阶梯式凸缘表面16,该凸缘表面适用于邻接入口管9的环形边缘。在气流的方向上,密封套环15的内表面设有珠状物(bead)17,该珠状物适用于抵住入口管9的外表面。以这种方式,实现了入口管的充分密封,其通过空气通道8和入口管9之间的连接件限制了进入到入口管的空气泄漏。为了便于手持式设备在支撑体上的释放和安装,珠状物17可以是不连续的,并且在围绕密封套环的内表面周围的某些部分上是缺少的,例如在密封套环的后表面。在这样的情况下,位于前表面的珠状物能够由于珠状物的弹性特征而用于对手持式设备的入口管施压而靠在密封套环的后表面上,该入口管也是由弹性材料制成,从而实现充分地密封。
为了限制手持式设备中从入口管9到气旋类分离器的气流损耗,根据本发明,手持式设备中的空气通道18具有曲线形状,如图6和7所示,这两幅图分别为手持式设备的底部和顶部方向的立体剖面图,其中碎片容器7从手持式设备的底部设备(base unit)19释放。这些图中已经通过虚线示出了空气通道18的延伸和连接到碎片容器7的出口20。图7中,碎片容器7从底部设备19释放并翻转,从而使碎片容器7的底部可以被看见。图中还具有从碎片容器内部取出的滤芯(filter insert)21,其中,该碎片容器7和滤芯21形成手持式设备的气旋类分离器。在运行过程中,气流通过入口管9进入,穿过底部设备19中的弯曲空气通道18,从底部设备的出口20出去并进入到碎片容器的入口22。空气通道18以这样的方式弯曲的,即,出口20和入口22相对于手持式设备的对称平面呈偏心设置,并且气流相对于碎片7的内表面和滤芯21的外表面的周围大体上呈切线方向进入碎片容器(如通过图中流动箭头所示)。
为了进一步导引气流,滤芯21设有间隔壁,当滤芯安装到碎片容器7中时,这些间隔壁在过滤器外表面和碎片容器的内表面之间延伸,过滤器外表面被伸长并具有大体上呈圆形的横截面,而且居中设置在碎片容器以及碎片容器的内表面中。在这种情况下,在过滤器、碎片容器的内表面、碎片容器的端壁和间隔壁24之间形成空气通道,该空气通道与穿过支撑体的空气通道具有大体上相同的形状和横截面尺寸。更具体地说,间隔壁包括第一半圆形间隔壁23和第二平直式间隔壁24,该第一半圆形间隔壁限制空气通道从入口22导引的“错误”方向,该第二平直式间隔壁围绕过滤器圆周地导引气流。根据本发明,第二平直式间隔壁24在远离入口22的一端具有弯曲的导向部25,该导向部朝向过滤器的一端弯曲并且围绕滤芯螺旋地导引气流。当滤芯安装到碎片容器7中时,滤芯21的端壁26形成碎片容器的端壁,该端壁设有弯曲导向部27,该弯曲导向部同样地朝向过滤器的端部弯曲并且具有用于气流螺旋导引的效用。围绕滤芯的气流进一步在图8中通过箭头示出。如图所示,过滤器设有若干个过滤板28,这些过滤板设置在由诸如塑料的气密材料制成的支撑架结构29中。当空气围绕过滤器螺旋地流动时,空气逐渐地沿径向穿过过滤板28,并且所述空气随后沿轴向方向流进到滤芯内部到达风扇设备,该风扇设备设置在底部设备19的内部。
图6和7中,还可以看到与手持式设备内部的风扇设备连接的入口30。该入口30由进口滤网31罩住,以防止旋转中的风扇受到物理损坏。入口通过插入套环32形成,该插入套环与进口滤网31、电机33和风扇轮34一同在图9所示的横截面示意图中示出。如图所示,为了限制通过入口30的气流损耗,该入口由光滑匀称的锥形漏斗部35和风扇轮34的光滑匀称的扩展部36形成。以这种方法,当空气从气旋类分离器传送到风扇设备时,由于不连续的尺寸改变使不必要的湍流得以避免。而且,进口滤网31具有圆屋顶形状。这具有的影响是,穿过进口滤网的通气口的总区域能够变大。这还将使进口滤网变强以迫使在与圆屋顶垂直方向上产生作用,该圆屋顶能够用来减小单个滤网部件的横截面尺寸。
一种进一步限制穿过真空除尘器的气流损耗的方法是减小来自在风扇设备的排气部分的气流阻力。根据本发明,因此手持式设备在其前面设有第一出气口37,而在其后面设有第二出气口38,如分别在图1和图10所示。为了减小气流阻力,当手持式设备安装在支撑体2中时,支撑体的后面、在用于容纳手持式设备1的凹陷部5的区域中还设有通气口39以允许气流从第二出气口38穿过,经过在支撑体中的通气口39流到外部环境中。在使用棍式真空除尘器的情况下,该种除尘器没有设置单独可释放的手持式设备,如所述实施例中,该种真空除尘器可以在其后面设有类似的第二出气口39。
Claims (2)
1.一种真空除尘器,包括伸长的支撑体(2)、通过铰接接头(10)连接到所述伸长的支撑体的下端上的管口装置(3)、电机、风扇设备、碎片容器(7)、在所述支撑体中的空气通道(8)以及挠性软管(11),所述挠性软管(11)连接在所述管口装置和所述支撑体之间,以允许空气从所述管口装置流动到所述空气通道(8),其特征在于,所述挠性软管(11)具有大体上呈矩形的横截面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的真空除尘器,其特征在于,所述挠性软管(11)在其至少一个端部通过快速释放装置(12)连接到所述真空除尘器的所述支撑体或所述管口装置上。
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-
2007
- 2007-01-19 SE SE0700143A patent/SE531125C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-01-18 CN CN201110193869.9A patent/CN102283611B/zh active Active
- 2008-01-18 EP EP08705216.3A patent/EP2111144B1/en active Active
- 2008-01-18 CN CN201110193849.1A patent/CN102302350B/zh active Active
- 2008-01-18 US US12/523,649 patent/US7882593B2/en active Active
- 2008-01-18 CN CN2008800025891A patent/CN101583302B/zh active Active
- 2008-01-18 CN CN2011101938345A patent/CN102302349A/zh active Pending
- 2008-01-18 WO PCT/SE2008/000043 patent/WO2008088278A2/en active Application Filing
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CN102302349A (zh) | 2012-01-04 |
US7882593B2 (en) | 2011-02-08 |
CN102302350B (zh) | 2015-10-14 |
US20100083459A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
EP2111144A2 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
EP2111144B1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
WO2008088278A2 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
CN102283611B (zh) | 2014-07-16 |
SE0700143L (sv) | 2008-07-20 |
CN102283611A (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
EP2111144A4 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
WO2008088278A3 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
SE531125C2 (sv) | 2008-12-23 |
CN102302350A (zh) | 2012-01-04 |
CN101583302A (zh) | 2009-11-18 |
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