CN101351163B - 具有抗菌涂层的弹性物品 - Google Patents
具有抗菌涂层的弹性物品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101351163B CN101351163B CN200680050061.2A CN200680050061A CN101351163B CN 101351163 B CN101351163 B CN 101351163B CN 200680050061 A CN200680050061 A CN 200680050061A CN 101351163 B CN101351163 B CN 101351163B
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- glove
- antibacterial
- coating
- copolymer
- mixture
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Abstract
本发明的第一个方面涉及对诸如医用手套等弹性物品进行的表面处理,该处理包括水性的涂层配方以及包含在基本不含粉末的组合物涂层中的抗菌剂。本发明的第二个方面涉及诸如手套等弹性物品用的水性的涂层配方,其包括至少一种缓释基体中的非挥发性水溶的抗菌剂,该缓释基体含有亲水性聚合物和疏水性组分的混合物。作为缓释基体/混合物的所需条件包括:与抗菌剂的兼容、可形成抗菌剂贮器、涂覆膜具有柔性以及具有比抗菌剂低的水溶性。本发明的第三个方面涉及处理医用手套的方法,其包括浸渍、喷洒、滚筒涂布或其它方法,向手套表面涂布组合物使该医用手套具有持久的抗菌活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有抗菌涂层的弹性物品,例如手套,所述抗菌涂层使物件能够维持高效的抗菌活性。本发明的手套特别适于但并不专门用于医学用途,例如作为检查用和外科手套。本发明的医用手套对广谱的微生物表现出良好的″时间-杀菌(time-kill)″活性,且它们在温暖潮湿环境下贮存和运送能够维持其抗菌活性。另选地,本发明还应用于其它保护皮肤的环境中,包括但不限于食物接触用手套、牙科用手套、工业用手套、实验室用手套和其它医用器件,例如导管、保护套和管子。
背景技术
手套已成为医护人员日常临床实践中的一部分,并作为个人防护装备的一部分,其保护带手套的人和患者使他们免受感染。依从洗手和手套隔离程序可进一步降低感染医院获得性感染的风险。即使手套保护带手套的人,但仍然会发生交叉污染,即患者至患者、表面至表面和表面至患者的感染。例如,手套与含有传染性微生物的体液接触后可被污染。这些微生物能够在手套上生长并最终转移到其它人或表面。
为了解决传染和交叉污染的问题,人们正努力研发抗菌手套。抗菌手套要求手套表面具有″速杀″特性,即在与手套表面接触时微生物会被杀死。满足″速杀要求″的一个方案是用非挥发性水溶的抗菌剂处理手套表面,而阳离子二双胍和季铵盐是两种有效的防腐剂/消毒剂。二葡萄糖酸氯己定(chlorhexidinedigluconate,CHG)和苯扎氯铵(benzalkoniumchloride,BKC)分别为这些药剂的可接受实例。
然而,开发有效的抗菌手套的一个未解决的问题在于难以在其生产后维持抗菌功效。手套产品由热固性塑料如天然橡胶和合成橡胶(包括腈橡胶)或热塑性塑料(如苯乙烯类嵌段共聚物和聚氨酯)构成。这些弹性体产品具有优异的机械特性(变形阻力),它们还能够对液体或湿气的渗入表现敏感、膨胀或吸收。手套-液体间相互作用的程度取决于弹性体的类型和渗透剂的化学性质。涂布在手套表面的抗菌剂与表面并非化学结合的,当手套表面吸收到水分时,抗菌剂会迁移至手套衬底。这种吸湿情况在贮存手套时发生。湿气为抗菌剂提供了向手套主体扩散的媒介。结果,当手套准备在医院最终使用时,手套表面上的抗菌剂的可利用度明显下降,抗菌剂的功效因抗菌剂从表面迁移及并入手套中而受到损害。贮存手套时抗菌剂从手套表面的损失在温暖和/或潮湿的环境中更为严重。
人们曾尝试将抗菌剂定位和固定在手套表面以及在经过处理的手套表面使用淀粉意图保留抗菌的功效。例如,美国专利号5,089,205要求使用淀粉作为抗菌剂的载体。另外,美国专利号5,492,692公开了一种高能量共沉淀粉末,其为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/碘和抗-HIV药物(如壬苯醇醚-9的粉末)的共沉淀粉末,其作为弹性物品的粉末涂层之用。然而,上述专利文献的公开内容没有提供具有持久的广谱抗菌活性的基本不含粉末的手套和其它弹性物品。美国专利公布2005/0186258公开了一种由CHG、BKC和防潮包装(moistureresistancepackage)构成的弹性物品表面的涂层,对其在温度40℃/相对湿度70%下进行老化处理后能够维持抗菌活性。此专利没有提供具有持久抗菌活性的弹性物品。
本文所用的术语″持久的,广谱抗菌活性″意指两种特性。在一个实施方式中,该术语意指如手套的弹性物品可保留其抗菌活性一段长的保存期限(如ASTMD7160-05中定义的)。在另一个实施方式中,该术语意指如手套的弹性物品在其包装开封后可维持其广谱抗菌活性,所述开封时间一般意指一段较长的时间跨度,即在环境条件下不少于约一周。广谱意指不限于革兰氏阳性细菌如金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)和屎肠球菌(Enterococcusfaecalis);革兰氏阴性细菌如大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli)和铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonasaerignosa),以及临床分离物如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistantStaphylococcusaureus,MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(vancomycin-resistantEnterococcusfaecium,VRE)。可在医院环境中发现上述细菌。
因此,仍需要不含粉末的医用手套以及其它弹性物品,其对广谱微生物具有有效持久的抗菌活性。
本发明的一个目的在于研发如手套的弹性物品,其表面经过处理而具有持久的抗菌特性,即维持对微生物的速杀活性,即使在一段较长的时间过后,即在在环境条件下不少于约一周过后仍维持该活性而没有牺牲其它特性。可使用加速老化测试测定持久性,其中使手套经受一段时间(70℃下维持7天,ASTMD6319-00aε3,D573的测试方法)的高温处理。本发明的另一个目的在于研发新型的表面涂层配方,其能够保护抗菌剂避免因存有湿气使其丧失活性,该湿气会促使抗菌剂随著时间迁移至手套主体。本发明的另一个目的在于开发一种加工方法、手套涂布处理和手套的包装,用于制造持久的抗菌弹性物品,如医用手套。
发明概述
本发明的第一个方面涉及对诸如医用手套等弹性物品进行的表面处理,该处理包括水性的涂层配方以及包含在基本不含粉末的组合物涂层中的抗菌剂。
本发明的第二个方面涉及诸如手套等弹性物品用的水性的涂层配方,其包括至少一种缓释基体中的非挥发性水溶的抗菌剂,该缓释基体含有亲水性聚合物和疏水性组分的混合物。作为缓释基体/混合物的所需条件包括:与抗菌剂兼容、可形成抗菌剂贮器(reservoir)、涂覆膜具有柔性以及具有比抗菌剂低的水溶性。
本发明的第三个方面涉及处理医用手套的方法,其包括浸渍、喷洒、滚筒涂布或其它方法,向手套表面涂布组合物使该医用手套具有持久的抗菌活性。
发明详述
本发明的物件含有弹性衬底,其具有基本不含粉末且具有持久抗菌活性的涂层,其中所述涂层含有缓释基体,该基体包含有亲水性聚合物和疏水性组分的混合物,以及至少一种非挥发性水溶的抗菌剂。
本文所用的术语″持久的,广谱抗菌活性″意指两种特性。在一个实施方式中,该术语意指如手套的弹性物品可保留其抗菌活性一段长的保存期限(如ASTMD7160-05中定义的)。在另一个实施方式中,该术语意指如手套的弹性物品在其包装开封后可维持其广谱抗菌活性,所述开封时间一般意指一段较长的时间跨度,即在环境条件下不少于约一周。广谱意指不限于革兰氏阳性细菌如金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)和屎肠球菌(Enterococcusfaecalis);革兰氏阴性细菌如大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli)和铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonasaerignosa),以及临床分离物如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistantStaphylococcusaureus,MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(vancomycin-resistantEnterococcusfaecium,VRE)。可在医院环境中发现上述细菌。
″不含粉末″意指具有少量粉末或淀粉或不含粉末或淀粉。根据ASTMD6124-01,手套含有的粉末或″任何不溶水的过滤残余物″必须少于约2mg/手套。
本发明的弹性物品种类不受限制,其可以是手套、避孕套、支架(stent)、球囊导管(catheterballoon)、探针套或其它弹性器件。在医用手套或工业用手套中,手套优选由以下物质构成:天然胶乳、腈、聚氯丁二烯、聚丁二烯、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚氨酯、聚异戊二烯、苯乙烯型嵌段共聚物或其它合成弹性体,包括它们的混合物及它们的任何变型。
本发明的手套可以是单层的或是含有多于一层的层压体。另外,手套可含有标准的填料和添加剂。一些能够用作表面改性的原料的手套制造材料包括在美国专利号6,391,409和6,195,805中说明的材料。例如,美国专利号6,391,409公开了一种不含粉末的涂腈手套,其在手套和涂层之间涂布有中间体橡胶-腈层。此外,美国专利号6,195,805公开了不含粉末的外科手套。在此通过引用的方式将上述专利的全部内容并入本文。
非挥发性水溶的抗菌剂包括天然组分,其包括植物性化合物如芦荟、酸如茴香酸、羟基酸如乳酸、多肽如N-椰油基-L-精氨酸乙基醚DL-吡咯烷酮羧酸CAE、酶如乳过氧化物酶、多糖如壳聚糖和蛋白质如离子溶葡萄球菌素;合成组分,其包括金属盐如乙酸铜和磺胺嘧啶银、苯酚衍生物如苯氧基乙醇、含硫化合物如醋酸磺胺米隆、表面活性剂如壬苯醇醚-9、氨基糖苷类如链霉素、碘复合物如聚维酮碘、含氢溶剂如苯甲醇、烷基胍如十二烷基胍盐酸盐(DGH)、阴离子聚合物如聚苯乙烯磺酸酯、阳离子聚合物如聚三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基二甲基十八烷基氯化铵(AEM5700TM)、和阳离子含氮有机化合物如二双胍盐和季铵盐如聚[(二甲基亚氨基)-2-丁烯-1,4-二基氯化物]和以聚季铵盐-1(Polyquaternium-1)出售的[4-三(2-羟乙基)胺基]-2-丁烯基-w-[三(2-羟乙基)胺基]二氯化物。
二双胍盐包括己撑双胍盐酸盐(hexamethylenebiguanide,以Vantocil出售)、聚己撑双胍盐酸盐(也称作PHMB,以Cosmocil出售)、二双胍烷及它们的混合物。优选的二双胍盐为1,1-己撑二(5-(p-氯苯基)双胍盐,俗称氯己定盐。这种形式包括二醋酸氯己定、二盐酸氯己定、二苯磷酸氯己定或二葡萄糖酸氯己定,它们的差别主要在于它们在不同溶剂中的溶解状况不同以及不同的应用。根据本发明,最优选的氯己定盐为二葡萄糖酸氯己定,即洗必泰葡萄糖酸盐(CHG)。基于固体总重量,CHG的含量为约0.5wt%~约85wt%、更优选约1.0wt%~约75.0wt%,且最优选约5.0wt%~约60.0wt%。
水溶性季铵盐包括苯扎氯铵(BKC)、氯烯丙基氯化己铵(chloroallylhexaminiumchloride)、苄索氯铵、甲苄索氯铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、十六烷基氯化吡啶鎓(CPC)、二辛基二甲基氯化铵和它们的混合物。优选的水溶性季铵盐是苯扎氯铵(BKC)。基于固体总重量,BKC的含量可以是约0.0wt%~约80.0wt%,优选约0.0wt%~约75.0wt%,且最优选约0.0wt%~33.0wt%。
本文所用的术语″亲水性聚合物″意指聚合物或共聚物,其可以是水溶性的或在水中分散的;阴离子的、阳离子的或非离子的;交联的或非交联的。它们一般包括极性基团如羟基、酰胺、胺或醚基,和其它亲水性的基团。另外,它们具有粘合、粘结、成膜和水胀特性。对于本发明实践中的亲水性聚合物或共聚物没有特别限制。然而,其具体实例包括以下物质:
天然聚合物:胶原蛋白、壳聚糖、胶(gum)、卡拉胶、普鲁兰多糖、果胶、糊精、榅桲、透明质酸、硫酸软骨素、聚谷氨酸甲酯、海藻酸钠和纤维素聚合物如:阳离子纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素;
丙烯酸聚合物:聚丙烯酸、聚甲基丙烯酸、聚烷基丙烯酸、聚烷基甲基丙烯酸、聚羟烷基甲基丙烯酸、聚烷氧基烷基丙烯酸酯、聚烷氧基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯、聚烷氧基丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酰胺和它们的混合物、共聚物或其盐;
羧基乙烯基聚合物:聚乙烯己内酰胺、烯烃-马来酸酐共聚物、异丁烯-马来酸酐共聚物钠盐、乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物及它们的盐或它们的混合物;
乙烯吡咯烷酮(VP)类聚合物:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、VP-苯乙烯共聚物、VP-醋酸乙烯共聚物、硫酸二乙酯VP-二甲基氨乙基-甲基丙烯酸共聚物和它们的混合物;
两性聚合物:聚甲基丙烯酰基氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、烷基乙烯基醚马来酸酐(AVE/ME)共聚物、聚-2-氨基丙基丙烯酸酯、聚(二乙基氨乙基甲基丙烯酸酯)、共聚物如二甲基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸基共聚物和两性离子聚合物如聚甜菜碱(如聚-2-乙炔基-N-(4-磺丁基)吡啶鎓甜菜碱(PESPB))、聚磺甜菜碱如聚-N,N-二甲基-N-3-磺丙基-3′-甲基丙烯酸氨基丙铵和共聚物如二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵-马来酰胺酸共聚物;以及
其它聚合物:聚乙烯甲基醚、甲基苯磺酰胺聚合物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺环氧氯丙烷、聚乙烯-亚胺、聚乙二醇、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物。
在上述亲水性聚合物中,丙烯酸聚合物适于作为本发明的亲水性聚合物。优选的丙烯酸聚合物包括阳离子二甲基氨基烷基类聚合物(如聚季铵盐聚合物)、阳离子丙烯酸共聚物可以是交联的聚丙烯酸(如聚合物)、交联的羟烷基丙烯酸酯共聚物(如水凝胶聚合物)和中性的和非中性的阴离子丙烯酸聚合物。
优选的亲水性聚合物为阳离子丙烯酸聚合物,其包括M-30、8108、和。最优选RS30D,其为丙烯酸乙酯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的非pH依赖型水性共聚物,其具有季铵基。丙烯酸聚合物的侧基-阳离子铵基为所得的膜提供渗水性。基于固体总重量,亲水性聚合物的含量为约0.5wt%~约99.0wt%,更优选约1.0wt%~约75.0wt%且最优选约2.0wt%~约60.0wt%。
本文所用的疏水性组分意指低分子或中分子材料,其具有耐水性且能够促使高分子亲水性聚合物利用分子间的润滑作用形成膜。对于适合作为本发明实践中的疏水性组分没有特别限制。然而,其具体实例包括以下物质:
天然组分如脂松香、改性的天然组分如氢化蓖麻油、植物蛋白如大豆蛋白,动物组分如虫胶、非挥发性聚结溶剂(coalescingsolvent)如聚丁烯、蜡质化合物如烃,纤维素衍生物如甲基纤维素,低聚聚烯烃如聚乙烯和增塑剂如硬脂酸镁、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯和柠檬酸三丁酯。
本发明的涂层配方中所用的疏水性组分的优选实例为蜡质化合物如蜡质分散体。蜡质分散体包括但不限于以下分散体:石蜡、合成蜡、聚乙烯蜡、氧化聚乙烯蜡、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物蜡(EAA)、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物蜡、硅酮蜡、氟乙烯蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、费歇尔-托晋希蜡(Fischer-Tropschwax)、酯蜡和它们的组合。.
石蜡是优选的疏水性组分。石蜡衍生自石油碳长约25~30个碳原子的饱和烃,其用于提高疏水性、控制磨擦、具有防结块(anti-blocking)和提供防渗性。石蜡的性能完全取决于石油的种类、配制条件、链长及最终产品的用途。阴离子、阳离子两性或非离子稳定剂可用于将石蜡分散在水性载体中。非离子石蜡分散体是优选的,如MichelmanInc.出品的Lube743(ML743)、BYK-Cera出品的Aquacer和KosterKeunen出品的NF乳化蜡。基于固体总含量,疏水性蜡的含量为约0.5wt%~约99.0wt%,更优选约1.0wt%~约55wt%且最优选约1.5wt%约40wt%。
另外,涂层配方还包含其它成分,其任选包括对皮肤有益的药剂以及如润湿剂和防沫剂等添加剂,只要其不受损害处理后的物件的抗菌特性。
润湿剂是功能添加剂的一个实例,其通过使涂层配方快速地撒布和均匀地进行覆盖改善涂膜的质量。润湿剂组分在本领域是公知的,其可包括非离子聚醚二甲基聚硅氧烷分散体如BYKChemie出品的BYK-348。防沫剂抑制配制期间和涂布期间泡沫的形成,提高干燥涂层的质量。它们可包括阴离子和非离子材料如乙二醇(ethyleneglycoldiols)、硫酸盐表面活性剂、磷酸酯、聚乙二醇、硅酮类组合物等。乙二醇如AirProductChemical出品的TG是优选的防沫剂。
维持抗菌功效的同时,本发明用于手套的表面处理的涂层配方还可任选含有对皮肤有益的药剂。该任选的药剂包括保湿剂、皮肤护理剂、抗氧化剂和香水等。此外,这些药剂的加入不应妨碍涂布物件的配制、加工及其抗菌效果。
本发明涉及向任何弹性物品的所需表面涂布抗菌涂层组合物。本发明的一个优选实施方式通过如下工序制备:向医用手套或工业用手套的外表面涂布抗菌涂层组合物,以尽可能减小多次接触所导致的交叉污染。外表面意指手套与其它物质如病人、医用器具、桌面或柜台接触的部分。本发明的抗菌组合物还可以涂布在外科手套的内表面以抑制微生物的任何明显生长。内表面意指手套与穿戴者手部接触的表面。
令人惊讶地,本发明的发明人发现本发明的混合物具有良好的成膜特性以及使包含其中的抗菌剂缓释,该混合物含有亲水性聚合物(阳离子丙烯酸共聚物)和疏水性组分(石蜡)。个别地,亲水性聚合物RS30D为易碎树脂,而石蜡ML743则不能形成膜。它们的玻璃转化温度高于室温(RS30D的Tg为=50℃;ML743的Tg=61~66℃)。然而,RS30D和ML743的混合物在70℃固化工序后于手套表面上形成柔性不易碎的膜。在一个由含有RS30D和石蜡的混合物构成的干燥膜中,石蜡软化阳离子丙烯酸聚合物膜,且由于增加了耐水性和防潮性使所得的聚合物膜具有增加的疏水性。
CHG和BKC两者为非挥发性水溶的抗菌剂,其在由RS30D和石蜡ML743的混合物构成的涂膜中均匀地分布。将其涂布到手套时,涂膜不仅保护CHG和BKC使其避免过量的损失,其还能将抗菌剂以缓释的方式供应至手套表面以抵抗广谱的微生物:革兰氏阳性细菌如金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)和屎肠球菌(Enterococcusfaecalis);革兰氏阴性细菌如大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli)和铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonasaerignosa),以及临床分离物如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistantStaphylococcusaureus,MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(vancomycin-resistantEnterococcusfaecium,VRE)。可在医院环境中发现上述细菌。
尽管并不希望受理论限制,发明人相信亲水性聚合物如阳离子丙烯酸共聚物(如RS30D)为水溶性抗菌剂如CHG和BKC提供一个贮器,且疏水性组分如石蜡(如Lube743)通过其增塑效果改善膜的柔性。涂膜中亲水性聚合物和疏水性组分的亲水性-疏水性的平衡能够控制抗菌剂如CHG的释放。
本发明的涂层组合物可以使用制造领域中容易得到的常规设备和技术涂布至手套表面,其包括:在线(on-line)和离线(offline)技术如浸渍、喷洒和滚筒涂布等。涂布技术的实例在美国专利公布2004/0126604和2004/0241201中有说明。对于外科手套的制备,离线喷洒是优选的涂布方法。对于手术检查用手套的制备,优选的在线涂布方法是浸涂,而优选的离线涂布方法是滚筒涂布。
适于水性的配方的最优选的实施方式为亲水性聚合物、疏水性组分和抗菌剂的组合。在最优选的实施方式中,基于固体的总重量,CHG的含量可以为约5.0wt%~约60.0wt%,BKC的含量可以为约0.0wt%~约33.0wt%,亲水性聚合物的含量可以为约2.0wt%约60.0wt%,疏水性组分的含量可以为约1.5wt%~约40.0wt%。手套的干燥涂层重量为约1~约200mg/手套,更优选为约20~约100mg/手套,且最优选为约30~约70mg/手套。
防潮包装提高了手套表面的抗菌剂的可利用度,改善手套的速杀特性。本发明的手套用的包装材料、干燥剂和包装袋的设计可以变化,而干燥剂的含量可取决于待包装的手套数目。例如,可以在具有干燥剂的防潮铝/尼龙层压袋中完成包装。并不打算受理论限制,但相信优选的包装系统使手套附近维持低湿度,并确保抗菌剂较少扩散至手套主体以使手套得到高效的抗菌活性。利用这些条件,在五分钟接触时间下,优选的速杀改进为降低1个对数,更优选降低2个对数,最优选在一分钟接触时间下至少降低2个对数。手套包装内部的相对湿度优选为低于约40%,更优选低于约30%,最优选低于约10%或低于约5%。
根据本发明,处理过的手套在包装前可以存放在备有空调装置的房间内。存放时间可以维持数天,可以在低湿度和环境温度下进行完全密封的包装。
具体实施方式
一般的实验测量和测试
手套老化:持久性是指产品在一段时间(如ASTMD7160-05中定义的产品存放期限)过后维持一定程度的功能性的能力。可通过加速老化测试对本发明的手套的持久性进行测定,其中使手套进行一段特定时间的高温处理。研究手套的存放期限用的加速老化测试(70℃下维持7天)的实例在ASTMD6319-00aε3,D573的测试方法中有记载。
在这些实验中,将手套包装在具有干燥包的12.0×6.5英寸的袋中,在袋中附有一个智能阅读(ACRSystemsInc.,Surrey,BritishColumbia)湿度记录仪。
干燥涂层重量(DCW):从涂层中释放抗菌剂的速度与涂层的厚度相关。涂层的厚度通过干燥涂层重量来调控,即涂布在手套上的涂层的量。
在此研究中用重量分析测定干燥涂层重量。首先,测量每种手套的十个未处理的手套的合计重量(Wa)。接着,如实施例中所述制备手套,然后将十个手套称重(Wb)。计算如下:干燥涂层重量=(Wb-Wa)/10手套(mg/手套)。由于手套大小的各异(小、中和大),将测得每手套的干燥涂层重量通过将手套重量规格化涂层以中等尺寸表示。
用HPLC测量抗菌剂:使用HPLC测量抗菌剂的总体浓度和表面浓度。使用WatersHPLC系统和YMC-Pack(TM)ODS-AM柱子(5μm,120,150×6.0mmI.D.,WatersCorporation出品)进行测试。表1-材料
成分 | 制造商/地点 |
乙腈(HPLC级) | Honeywell,Burdick andJackson/Muskegon,MI |
水(HPLC级) | Honeywell,Burdick andJackson/Muskegon,MI |
硫代氰酸铵 | Aldrich ChemicalCo./Milwaukee,WI |
甲醇(HPLC级) | Honeywell,Burdick andJackson/Muskegon,MI |
三氟乙酸 | Aldrich ChemicalCo./Milwaukee,WI |
对手套进行两次提取,一次用甲醇(其给出手套上和手套中的抗菌剂的总体浓度),而另一次则用水(其给出手套上和手套中的抗菌剂的表面浓度)。抗菌组分溶解在水和甲醇中。甲醇能够渗透至手套主体,带走所有涂布在表面和迁移到手套中的抗菌剂。水不能渗透到手套主体且其仅能够去除涂布在手套表面的抗菌剂。对于BKC,该方法要求乙腈/水/硫代氰酸铵(70%/30%/0.5%,v/v/w)作为洗提液,流速为1mL/min,注射容积为50μL(260nm下检测,0.02AUFS)。对于CHG,该方法要求乙腈/水/三氟乙酸(30%/70%/0.1%,v/v)作为洗提液,流速为1mL/min,注射容积为10μL(219nm下检测,0.10AUFS)。在老化处理前和处理后对手套进行提取。对照手套,样品1-1(仅含有抗菌剂)的涂层浓度在下表2示出:
抗菌活性:为了评定手套的抗菌功效,发展出一个测试方法。该方法包括在活性(active)手套表面涂布微生物悬浮液,维持一段时间的接触,在中和剂溶液中提取存活的细胞,培养提取的接种物,对微生物含量定量以通过初始接种物滴定浓度(initialinoculumtiter)测定对数下降值(logreduction)。使用的所有材料来自ATCC(美国典型微生物菌种保藏中心,AmericanTypeCultureCollection)。在所有测试中使用标准菌株:
微生物 | ATCC# |
大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)革兰氏阴性细菌 | 11229 |
屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)革兰氏阳性细菌 | 29212 |
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus) | 6538 |
革兰氏阳性细菌 | |
表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus epidermidis)革兰氏阳性细菌 | 12228 |
铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aerignosa)革兰氏阴性细菌 | 15442 |
屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis,VRE) | 51559 |
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)临床分离物 | 43300 |
使用菌落直接悬浮法(DirectColonySuspensionMethod)在无菌生理盐水中制备微生物悬浮液(参照:MethodsforDilutionAntimicrobialSusceptibilityTestsforBacteriaThatGrowAerobically;Standard:M7-A6.ClinicalandLaboratoryStandardsInstitute)。
初始接种物滴定浓度确定接受测试的微生物悬浮液的浓度。将0.02ml微生物悬浮液试样加入到10ml中和溶液中。通过常规的细菌学技术使用标准琼脂平板培养法对溶液进行计算。
通过初始接种物滴定浓度求得的对数下降值确定手套的抗菌活性的有效性。从手掌部分将测试的手套样品无菌地切成约1平方英寸。将0.02ml微生物悬浮液试样涂覆在无菌的微型盖玻片(18×18mm)上,在室温下将其放置在手套件的活性面(activeside)一段时间如1和/或5分钟。接触时间结束后,将手套材料和盖玻片放进含有10ml中和剂的试管中。将中和溶液稀释十倍。使用标准琼脂平板培养法计算稀释液的存活菌溶液。结果以对数刻度表示。通常,使广谱的微生物降低2个对数被评定为具有抗菌效果。
实施例
实施例1
实施例1说明了涂布在弹性物品上作为媒介的亲水性聚合物,其中将抗菌剂并入其中以控制其释放,由此提供持久活性。表3-材料
湿润剂组合物:向485g去离子水(DI水)加入10gTG和5gBYK-348制得3%溶液。搅拌该混合物20min得到含有2%TG和1%BYK-348的溶液。
BKC溶液:向103.3gDI水加入51.65gBKC制得50%溶液。搅拌该混合物1h,直至所有泡沫消散且固体完全溶解。
配方1-1(抗菌剂):将4.57g湿润剂组合物加入到含有2268gDI水的浸渍缸中。连续搅拌下,加入92.7g50%BKC溶液。搅拌该混合物20min,直至所有泡沫消散。然后,向该混合物慢慢加入含有115.3gCHG和884.76gDI水的溶液。再向溶液额外加入1172.7gDI水。连续搅拌30min。
配方1-2(涂层):将4.57g湿润剂组合物加入到含有2268gDI水的浸渍缸中。连续搅拌下,加入90.83g50%BKC溶液。搅拌该混合物20min,直至所有泡沫消散。然后,向该溶液慢慢加入含有115.8gCHG和884.76gDI水的溶液。将181.51gRS30D、142.07gML743和7.276gTEC加入到混合物中。然后,向其加入841.18gDI水,再额外搅拌20min。所得涂层组合物的成分和含量如下:表4
表5
配方1-1 | 浓度(%) | 干燥度% | 含量(g) |
BKC(50%) | 1.020 | 66.623 | 92.700 |
CHG(20%) | 0.508 | 33.181 | 115.300 |
湿润剂组合物(3%) | 0.003 | 0.196 | 4.570 |
DI水 | -- | -- | 4323.430 |
合计 | 1.531 | 100.00 | 4536.000 |
手套处理:处理前,对腈手套进行预处理工序。此工序涉及在90℃的烘箱中干燥腈手套30min。然后,将手套放置在PE包中,在干燥箱内冷却至室温(约30min)。
对于样品1-1(对照),手套处理后,通过浸渍工艺对手套进行表面处理。将腈手套放置在模型上,将其倒转浸渍在抗菌配方中10sec。在模型仍然倒转时,从浸渍池将其取出,沥干10sec。将沥干的手套放置在90℃的烘箱中20min。然后从烘箱将其取出,冷却至室温(约20min)。
对于样品1-2(涂层),手套预处理后,以上述用于对照手套的相同的浸渍工艺对处理手套表面,不同的是使用涂层配方(配方1-2)。将沥干的手套放置在90℃的烘箱中30min。从烘箱将其取出,冷却至室温(约30min)。
评价手套:用HPLC测量抗菌剂:将样品1-1和1-2两者放置在手套盒(dispenserbox,没有干燥剂)中,在70℃的烘箱中老化7天。使用上述的HPLC方法,涂布手套的涂层浓度在下面表6示出:表6
测量结果显示手套处理期间(老化前),干燥后手套表面残存少于一半的抗菌剂。相信干燥和老化期间积聚的水分促使抗菌剂向手套主体的迁移。在加入亲水性聚合物的配方1-2中观察到抗菌剂的可利用度的显著改善。与老化前和老化后对照和涂腈手套的测量结果相比,配方1-2在样品1-2的作用导致抗菌剂在表面上保留更长的时间。
抗菌活性:测试了在5min的接触时间下老化前和老化后的样品1-1和1-2两者对铜绿假单胞菌(P.aeruginosa)和MRSA的抗菌活性:表7
表8
样品1-1 | 铜绿假单胞菌 | MRSA |
老化前 | >5.64 | 3.75 |
老化后 | 0.18 | -0.04 |
样品1-2 | 铜绿假单胞菌 | MRSA |
老化前 | 3.44 | >5.15 |
老化后 | 1.29 | 2.33 |
测试结果显示在配方1-2中亲水性聚合物和抗菌剂两者组合使用下,在70℃下老化7天后的抗菌活性更高。老化后,样品1-2的抗菌剂的可利用度远远大于样品1-1。配方1-2中的聚合物减少了抗菌剂向手套主体的迁移,并因此提供足够的抗菌剂表面浓度。
实施例2
涂层配方和手套处理:配方2-1由亲水性聚合物(RS30D)、疏水性蜡(ML743)和抗菌剂(BKC和CHG)构成。在配方2-2中,用常规的增塑剂(柠檬酸三乙基,TEC)代替疏水性蜡。以实施例1的相同方式制备配方。所得涂层组合物的成分和含量如下:表9
预处理手套后,用实施例1的相同方法浸渍手套样品,不同的是在70℃下干燥20分钟。将所得腈手套标记为样品2-1和2-2。如实施例简介部分所述将腈手套包装在含有一大一小干燥剂的铝袋中。
抗菌活性:测试了在5min的接触时间下老化前和老化后(70℃/6天)的涂层对铜绿假单胞菌(P.aeruginosa)和MRSA的抗菌活性。利用前述方法测得下表列出的干燥涂层重量(DCW)。表10
表中示出的测试结果显示样品2-1中的疏水性蜡的抗菌活性高于样品2-2中的常规增塑剂。尽管不希望受理论限制,仍然相信作为增塑剂和疏水性组分之用的蜡有助于亲水性聚合物向手套表面传送抗菌剂。
实施例3
本实施例证明含有指定的一种抗菌剂(CHG)、一种亲水性聚合物和疏水性蜡的涂层能够表现出具有″速杀″能力的高抗菌活性。
涂层配方和手套处理:将4.53g湿润剂组合物加入到含有2268gDI水的浸渍缸中。然后,向溶液慢慢加入含有340.2gCHG和659.8gDI水的溶液,搅拌该混合物直至泡沫消散。然后,向该混合物依次加入181.4gRS30D、141.75gML743和944.85gDI水,搅拌20min。所得涂层组合物的成分和含量如下:表11
以实施例的相同方式浸渍检查用腈手套I和II(″I″和″II″代表不同的腈手套制造商)。在70℃下干燥20min,然后冷却至室温。所得手套分别标记为样品3-1和3-2。如实施例简介部分所述将腈手套包装在含有两大两小干燥剂的铝袋中。
抗菌活性:测试了在1min和5min的接触时间下老化前和老化后(70℃/7天)的涂层对铜绿假单胞菌(P.aeruginosa)和MRSA的抗菌活性。利用前述方法测得下表列出的干燥涂层重量(DCW)。表12
抗菌剂(CHG)与含有亲水性聚合物和疏水性蜡的涂层组合使用可实现″速杀″。
实施例4
本实施例证明了本发明用涂层处理的弹性物品的抗菌功效。
涂层配方和手套处理:使用涂层配方3-1,以实施例1相同的方式浸渍检查用腈手套,不同的是在70℃下干燥20min,并冷却至室温。依照实施例3包装腈手套。在70℃下老化7天后,于袋开封后立刻测试手套的活性。在开封的袋的环境条件下贮存4周后进行第二次测试(称作开封包装测试,OpenPouchtest)。所得的腈手套分别标记为样品4-1和4-2。
抗菌活性:利用前述方法测试一分钟和五分钟接触时间下本实施例的腈手套。表13
测试数据显示本发明的抗菌涂层的表面处理可以获得具有持久抗菌活性的腈手套。使用防潮包装使在一分钟的接触时间下实现使铜绿假单胞菌(P.aeruginosa)和MRSA减少大于2个对数,显示样品4-1和4-2的″速杀″抗菌特性。
实施例5
涂层配方和手套处理:除非另有说明,否则以实施例3所述的相同方式制备涂层配方,其包括RS30D、ML743、CHG和湿润剂组合物。分别处理三批腈手套以测试涂层配方和工艺的重复性。干燥涂层重量为45-50mg/手套。手套标记为样品5-1、5-2和5-3。以实施例3的相似方式包装手套。
抗菌活性:利用前述方法,测试在1min和5min的接触时间下老化前和老化后(70℃/7天)的腈手套对一群细菌,包括革兰氏阳性(金黄色葡萄球菌和屎肠球菌)、革兰氏阴性(大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和表皮葡萄球菌)和耐抗生素菌株(VRE和MRSA)的抗菌活性:表14(老化后)
表14(续)
手套ID | DCW(mg/手套) | 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 大肠杆菌 | 屎肠球菌 |
样品5-1 | 49.0 | 4.47 | 4.94 | 4.29 |
样品5-2 | 46.4 | 3.70 | 4.16 | 2.20 |
样品5-3 | 47.1 | 4.44 | 4.78 | 3.14 |
手套ID | 表皮葡萄球菌 | VRE | 铜绿假单胞菌 | MRSA |
样品5-1 | 5.24 | 4.17 | 4.91 | 5.02 |
样品5-2 | N/A | 2.27 | 3.79 | 4.09 |
样品5-3 | 3.55 | 3.36 | 2.29 | 5.24 |
测试数据显示本发明的抗菌涂层配方使处理过的腈手套对广谱微生物具有持久的抗菌活性,且具有可靠性和重复性。
实施例6
本研究的目的在于证明本发明的抗菌剂与醇凝胶组合使用下即时和永久杀死微生物的能力。
作为一般抗菌剂的醇凝胶常用于即时消灭微生物,但其本身并不足以作为手术程序中的准备之用。因此,在戴上外科手套前外科医生通常会用手术用洗擦产品洗擦双手,该产品一般含有如CHG等抗菌剂。然而,随时间过去使用手术用洗擦产品可引起皮肤刺激和皮肤干燥。
涂覆有新型的抗菌涂层的外科手套可与常规的洁手消毒醇凝胶组合使用以部分或完全代替在预备手术期间预备戴上手套前洗擦双手(作为减少感染的方法)的动作。预备戴上手套前洗擦双手意指在穿上外科手套前外科医生用手术用洗擦产品洗擦双手的习惯,该产品一般含有抗菌剂。
在此研究中使用的外科手套为Ohio,Dublin,CardinalHealth,Inc.出品,以商品名出售的聚异戊二烯手套。在此研究中使用的洁手消毒醇凝胶由Ohio,Dublin,CardinalHealth,Inc.出品,以商品名出售。
涂层配方和手套处理:将4.53g湿润剂组合物加入到含有2401gDI水的浸渍缸中。然后,慢慢加入1020.45gCHG,将其搅拌直至泡沫消散。慢慢加入含有544.24gRS30D和400ml水的溶液。其后,加入含有425.19gML743和500mlDI水的溶液。然后加入1507.59gDI水,再额外搅拌30min。所得涂层组合物的成分和含量如下:表15
将聚异戊二烯外科手套倒转,使穿戴面如实施例1所述进行浸渍,在70℃下干燥20min,冷却至室温。通过常规的技术和设备包装未涂布手套(样品6-1)和涂布手套(样品6-2)。随后,使其进行常规的伽玛消毒。[0088]抗菌活性:使用菌落直接法(DirectColonyMethod)在无菌生理盐水中制备微生物悬浮液(参照:MethodsforDilutionAntimicrobialSusceptibilityTestsforBacteriaThatGrowAerobically;Standard:M7-A6.ClinicalandLaboratoryStandardsInstitute)。加入0.2ml微生物悬浮液试样,将其覆盖在皮氏培养皿的琼脂表面,待干20min。然后,加入0.5mL,并将其覆盖在细菌上。从外科手套的手掌部分切取约56.72cm2的测试样品,将其活性面(activeside)与琼脂表面紧紧接触一段时间。结束接触后,用5ml中和溶液冲洗取自琼脂板的微生物残余物两次,将其转移至25mL中和剂中。使用标准琼脂平板培养法计算含存活微生物的中和剂。对每个数据点进行三次平行研究。测试无菌样品6-1和6-2在老化前和老化后(70℃/7天)一分钟和六小时对铜绿假单胞菌(P.aeruginosa)的抗菌活性,如下表所示。表16醇凝胶和用本发明的新型涂层涂布的手套组合(实验3)能够维持高于实验1没有涂布的手套组合的抗菌活性。能够控制和延长CHG对手套使用者的皮肤的释放,由此提供持久稳固杀死微生物的能力,改善CHG对各种细菌的抗菌有效性。因此,测试数据显示与醇凝胶组合的用本发明的新型抗菌涂层涂布的手套为手套使用者提供长达6小时持续不变的保护。实施例7
本实施例说明了手套上的本发明的抗菌涂层的制造工艺。
涂层配方和手套处理:处理前,将腈手套预处理,即使腈手套在70℃进行滚筒涂布5min。使用涂层配方3-1,对1000只腈手套喷洒225sec,风干2min。重复此工序两次(合计三个喷洒间隔)。在70℃干燥45min,且在包装前贮放三天的处理过的腈手套标记为样品7-1。在70℃干燥30min,且贮放一天的处理过的腈手套标记为样品7-2。然后,冷却样品7-1和7-2至环境条件15min。使用与实施例子相同的条件进行包装。
干燥涂层重量(DCW):使用如下工序测定干燥涂层重量。首先,在75℃的烘箱中预干燥十个处理过的和十个未处理的手套30min。接着,将手套放置在干燥箱中冷却30min。冲洗前,测量未处理的和处理过的手套的重量。然后,用橡皮筋束绑手套以防止水分进入手套。然后,使其在5L容器中连续流动的自来水下冲洗/滚转2.5min。除去水,重复此冲洗工序三次。解开手套前,挤出所有残存在手套中的水。最后,在80℃的烘箱中干燥手套30min。冲洗后,测量未处理的和处理过的手套的重量。通过冲洗前和冲洗后手套的重量差测定手套的总提取物。通过处理过的和未处理的手套之间总提取物的差测定DCW。
抗菌活性:测试在一分钟和五分钟的接触时间下老化后(70℃/7天)的手套对下表列出的广谱革兰氏阳性细菌和革兰氏阴性细菌的抗菌活性:表17:一分钟接触时间
表18:五分钟接触时间
手套ID | DCW(mg/手套) | 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 大肠杆菌 | 屎肠球菌 | 表皮葡萄球菌 | VRE | 铜绿假单胞菌 | MRSA |
样品7-1 | 53 | 4.49 | 5.62 | 3.99 | 4.42 | 3.59 | 2.79 | 5.40 |
样品7-2 | 47 | 5.18 | 5.62 | 4.73 | 5.06 | 5.02 | 3.70 | 5.30 |
手套ID | DCW(mg/手套) | 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 大肠杆菌 | 屎肠球菌 | 表皮葡萄球菌 | VRE | 铜绿假单胞菌 | MRSA |
样品7-1 | 53 | 5.18 | 5.62 | 4.85 | 5.00 | 4.82 | 4.52 | 5.40 |
样品7-2 | 47 | 5.18 | 5.62 | 5.11 | 5.16 | 4.73 | 5.34 | 5.40 |
测试数据清楚显示本发明的新型抗菌涂层能够以制造规模涂覆大量手套,所得手套对广谱的实验室微生物具有抗菌特性。
上面通过参考各种具体的实施方式和技术说明了本发明。然而,应当理解,在基本不偏离所附权利要求书所规定的本发明的精神或范围的前提下,可以对该实施方式和技术作出合理的修饰。
Claims (24)
1.包括弹性物品和表面涂层的物件,其中所述表面涂层含有
丙烯酸聚合物,其中所述丙烯酸聚合物为丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸酯的阳离子型丙烯酸共聚物,其具有季铵基,其中基于固体总重量,所述丙烯酸聚合物的含量为2.0wt%~60.0wt%;
疏水性组分,其能够促使所述丙烯酸聚合物形成膜,所述疏水性组分为非离子石蜡分散体,其中所述石蜡的碳链长度为25~30个碳原子,其中基于固体总含量,石蜡的含量为1.5wt%~40.0wt%;和
非挥发性水溶抗菌剂,其中所述物件含有合计少于2mg的淀粉和粉末。
2.根据权利要求1所述的物件,其中所述物件选自如下组成的组:手套、避孕套、支架、球囊导管和探针套。
3.根据权利要求2所述的物件,其中所述手套选自如下组成的组:食品接触用手套、工业用手套、实验室用手套和医用手套。
4.根据权利要求3所述的物件,其中所述医用手套选自如下组成的组:牙科用手套、检查用手套和外科手套。
5.根据权利要求1所述的物件,其中所述弹性物品含有选自由如下组成的弹性体:天然胶乳、腈、聚氯丁二烯、聚丁二烯、聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯、合成聚异戊二烯、苯乙烯型嵌段共聚物、接枝共聚物和它们的混合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的物件,其中所述聚氯丁二烯选自由2-氯-1,3-丁二烯、2,3-二氯-1,3-丁二烯和氯丁二烯橡胶组成的组。
7.根据权利要求5所述的物件,其中所述苯乙烯型嵌段共聚物为苯乙烯型二嵌段共聚物或苯乙烯型三嵌段共聚物。
8.根据权利要求5所述的物件,其中所述弹性体为腈。
9.根据权利要求1所述的物件,其中所述非挥发性水溶的抗菌剂选自如下组成的组:1,1′-己撑、己撑双胍盐酸盐、聚己撑双胍盐酸盐、氯己定、2-氨基2-甲基-1-丙醇、苯扎氯铵、氯烯丙基氯化己铵、苄索氯铵、甲苄索氯铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵,十六烷基氯化吡啶鎓和它们的混合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的物件,其中所述氯己定选自如下组成的组:二醋酸氯己定、二盐酸氯己定、二苯磷酸氯己定和二葡萄糖酸氯己定。
11.根据权利要求9所述的物件,其中所述水溶抗菌剂为二葡萄糖酸氯己定和苯扎氯铵的组合。
12.根据权利要求1所述的物件,其中所述物件在大气环境条件下开放存放至少约一周后仍具有抗菌活性,其中测得对广谱微生物的抗菌活性为使其降低2个对数值。
13.根据权利要求1所述的物件,其中所述物件在依照ASTMD6319-00aε3中的D573测试方法存放后仍具有抗菌活性,其中测得对广谱微生物的抗菌活性为使其降低2个对数值。
14.根据权利要求1所述的物件,其中所述弹性物品为手术用或检查用手套,其中所述表面涂层包含阳离子丙烯酸共聚物,该共聚物为丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物,并具有季铵基;该表面涂层还包含作为疏水性组分的非离子石蜡分散体,其中石蜡的碳链长度为25~30个碳原子;以及包含作为非挥发性水溶抗菌剂的二葡萄糖酸氯己定和苯扎氯铵的组合。
15.根据权利要求14所述的物件,其中基于表面涂层中固体的总重量,所述物件含有5.0wt%~60.0wt%的葡萄糖酸氯己定、0.0wt%~33.0wt%的苯扎氯铵、2.0wt%~60.0wt%的丙烯酸聚合物和1.5wt%~40.0wt%的疏水性组分,而表面涂层的干燥涂层重量为20mg~100mg固体总重/手套。
16.根据权利要求15所述的物件,其中所述干燥涂层重量为40~50mg固体总重/手套。
17.根据权利要求1所述的物件,其中所述物件与选自如下组成的组中的两种或多种微生物接触约五分钟后具有抗菌效果:金黄色葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌,大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)。
18.根据权利要求1所述的物件,其中所述物件与选自如下组成的组中的两种或多种微生物接触约一分钟后具有抗菌效果:金黄色葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌,大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)。
19.权利要求1~18中任一项所述的物件的制造工艺,其包括将表面涂层组合物涂布在弹性物品上,其中所述表面涂层组合物含有丙烯酸聚合物、疏水性组分和至少一种非挥发性水溶抗菌剂的混合物,其中所述抗菌物件含有合计少于2mg的淀粉和粉末。
20.根据权利要求19所述的工艺,其中所述抗菌物件贮存在含有干燥剂的密封包装中,其中所述密封包装内部的相对湿度低于40%。
21.减少感染的方法,其包括提供具有持久抗菌活性的权利要求1~18中任一项所述的物件,其中所述物件包括弹性物品和具有持久抗菌活性的外表面涂层组合物,且所述物件含有合计少于2mg的淀粉和粉末。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其中所述外表面涂层组合物含有丙烯酸聚合物、疏水性组分和至少一种非挥发性水溶抗菌剂的混合物。
23.减少感染的方法,其包括提供具有持久抗菌活性的如权利要求1~18中任一项所述的物件,其中所述物件为外科手套,所述外科手套含有手套主体和具有持久抗菌活性的内表面涂层组合物,其中所述外科手套含有合计少于2mg的淀粉和粉末,且其中所述内表面涂层组合物部分或完全替代戴上手套前洗擦双手的动作。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述内表面涂层组合物含有丙烯酸聚合物、疏水性组分和至少一种非挥发性水溶抗菌剂的混合物。
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US6012169A (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2000-01-11 | Showa Kabushiki Kaisha | Glove made of polyvinyl chloride resin |
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US6709725B1 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2004-03-23 | Ansell Medical Sdn, Bhd. | Elasomeric article |
CN1636474A (zh) * | 2003-11-22 | 2005-07-13 | 百丽L.·周 | 抗菌弹性软质制品和制造方法 |
CN1631929A (zh) * | 2004-11-26 | 2005-06-29 | 四川大学 | 防水透气杀菌型聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10265132B2 (en) | 2012-02-14 | 2019-04-23 | Allegiance Corporation | Antimicrobial elastomeric articles |
Also Published As
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MX2008006111A (es) | 2008-10-23 |
JP5399708B2 (ja) | 2014-01-29 |
KR20080094770A (ko) | 2008-10-24 |
US20070104766A1 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
EP1965719A2 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
KR101401804B1 (ko) | 2014-06-19 |
WO2007058880A2 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
AU2006315744A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
AU2006315744B2 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
CN101351163A (zh) | 2009-01-21 |
JP2009517488A (ja) | 2009-04-30 |
CA2629543C (en) | 2013-01-08 |
NZ568188A (en) | 2012-03-30 |
MY153170A (en) | 2015-01-29 |
WO2007058880A3 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
US8137735B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 |
CA2629543A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
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