CN101228132B - 作为Rho-激酶抑制剂的环己基胺异喹啉酮衍生物 - Google Patents
作为Rho-激酶抑制剂的环己基胺异喹啉酮衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101228132B CN101228132B CN2006800271401A CN200680027140A CN101228132B CN 101228132 B CN101228132 B CN 101228132B CN 2006800271401 A CN2006800271401 A CN 2006800271401A CN 200680027140 A CN200680027140 A CN 200680027140A CN 101228132 B CN101228132 B CN 101228132B
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- compound
- alkylidene group
- isoquinoline
- naphthenic base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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Abstract
Description
本发明涉及权利要求中所述的新的异喹啉酮和异喹啉衍生物、它们的制备和它们在治疗和/或预防与Rho-激酶抑制和/或Rho-激酶介导的肌球蛋白轻链磷酸酶磷酸化抑制相关的疾病的用途。
小GTPase RhoA经激动剂刺激而活化,导致RhoA从无活性的GDP-结合形式转化为活性GTP-结合形式,随后结合并活化Rho-激酶。已知两种同工型Rho-激酶1和Rho-激酶2。Rho-激酶2在血管平滑肌细胞和内皮细胞中表达。Rho-激酶2经活性GTP-结合的RhoA活化,导致平滑肌细胞通过磷酸化介导的肌球蛋白轻链磷酸酶活性抑制以及由此肌球蛋白调节轻链活性的上调而钙敏感化(Uehata等人,Nature 1997,389,990-994)。
已知Rho-激酶涉及于血管收缩,包括肌源紧张和平滑肌过收缩的发生(Gokina等人,J.Appl.Physiol.2005,98,1940-8)、支气管平滑肌收缩(Yoshii等人,Am.J.Resp.Cell Mol.Biol.20,1190-1200)、哮喘(Setoguchi等人,Br J Pharmacol.2001,132,111-8;Nakahara等人,Eur J 2000,389,103)和慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD,Maruoka,Nippon Rinsho,1999,57,1982-7)、高血压、肺动脉高压(Fukumoto等人,Heart,91,391-2,2005,Mukai等人,Nature 1997,389,990-4)和眼高压和眼内压调节(Honjo等人,Invest.Ophthalmol.Visual Sci.2001,42,137-144)、内皮功能障碍(Steioff等人,Eur.J.Pharmacol.2005,512,247-249)、绞痛(Masumoto等人,Circ 2002,105,1545-47,Shimokawa等人,JCP,2002,40,751-761)、肾病、包括高血压诱导的、非高血压诱导的和糖尿病性肾病、肾衰竭和周围动脉闭塞疾病(PAOD)(Wakino等人,Drug News Perspect.2005,18,639-43)、心肌梗死(Demiryurek等人,Eur J Pharmacol.2005,527,129-40,Hattori等人,Circulation,2004,109,2234-9)、心脏肥大和衰竭(Yamakawa等人,Hypertension 2000,35,313-318,Liao等人,Am J Physiol Cell Physiol.2006,290,C661-8,Kishi等人,Circ 2005,111,2741-2747)、冠心病、动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄(Pacaud等人,Arch.Mal.Coeur 2005,98,249-254,Retzer等人,FEBS Lett 2000,466,70,Negoro等人,Biochem Biophys ResCommun 1999,262,211)、糖尿病、糖尿病并发症、葡萄糖利用和代谢综合征(Sandu等人,Diabetes 2000,49,2178,Maeda等人,Cell Metab.2005,2,119-29)、性功能障碍、例如阴茎勃起障碍(Chitaley等人,Nature Medicine2001,7,119-122)、视网膜病、炎症、免疫疾病、AIDS、骨质疏松、内分泌功能障碍、例如醛固酮增多症、中枢神经系统障碍如神经元变性和脊髓损伤(Hara等人,JNeurosurg 2000,93,94)、脑缺血(Uehata等人,Nature 1997,389,990;Satoh等人,Life Sci.2001,69,1441-53;Hitomi等人,Life Sci2000,67,1929;Yamamoto等人,J Cardiovasc Pharmacol.2000,35,203-11)、脑血管痉挛(Sato等人,Circ Res 2000,87,195;Kim等人,Neurosurgery 2000,46,440)、疼痛、例如神经病性疼痛(Tatsumi等人,Neuroscience 2005,131,491;Inoue等人,Nature medicine 2004,10,712)、消化道细菌感染(WO 98/06433)、癌症发生和进展、其中Rho激酶抑制已经显示抑制肿瘤细胞生长和转移的瘤形成(Itoh等人,Nature Medicine1999,5,221;Somlyo等人,Res Commun 2000,269,652)、血管生成(Uchida等人,Biochem Biophys Res 2000,269,633-40;Gingras等人,Biochem J2000,348,273)、血管平滑肌细胞增殖和运动(Tammy等人,Circ.Res.1999,84,1186-1193;Tangkijvanich等人,Atherosclerosis 2001,155,321-327)、内皮细胞增殖、内皮细胞收缩和运动(Oikawa等人,Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.2000,269,633-640)、应力纤维形成(Kimura等人,Science 1997,275,1308-1311;Yamashiro等人,J.Cell Biol.2000,150,797-806)、血栓形成障碍(Kikkawa等人,FEBS Lett.2000,466,70-74;Bauer等人,Blood1999,94,1665-1672,Klages等人,J Cell Biol 1999,144,745;Retzer等人,Cell Signal 2000,12,645)和白细胞聚集(Kawaguchi等人,Eur J Pharmacol.2000,403:203-8;Sanchez-Madrid等人,J Immunol.2003,171:1023-34,Sanchez-Madrid等人,J Immunol.2002,168:400-10)和骨吸收(Chellaiah等人,J Biol Chem.2003,278:29086-97)。Na/H交换转运系统活化(Kawaguchi等人,Eur J Pharmacol.2000,403:203-8)、阿尔茨海默病(Zhou等人,Science 2003,302,1215-1217)、内吸蛋白活化(Fukata等人,J.Biol.Chem.,1998,273,5542-5548)以及SREB(甾醇应答元件结合蛋白)信号传导及其对脂质代谢的效果(Lin等人,Circ.Res.,92,1296-304,2003)。
因此,对Rho-激酶和/或Rho-激酶介导的肌球蛋白轻链磷酸酶磷酸化具有抑制效果的化合物可用于治疗和/或预防涉及Rho-激酶作为主要或次级病因的心血管和非心血管疾病,如高血压、肺动脉高压、高眼压症、视网膜病和青光眼、外周循环障碍、周围动脉闭塞疾病(PAOD)、冠心病、心绞痛、心脏肥大、心力衰竭、局部缺血性疾病、局部缺血性器官衰竭(终端器官损伤)、纤维化肺、纤维化肝、肝衰竭、肾病、包括高血压诱导的、非高血压诱导的和糖尿病性肾病、肾衰竭、纤维化肾、肾小球硬化、器官肥大(organ hypertrophy)、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、成人呼吸窘迫综合征、血栓形成障碍、中风、脑血管痉挛、脑缺血、疼痛、例如神经病性疼痛、神经元变性、脊髓损伤、阿尔茨海默病、早产、勃起功能障碍、内分泌功能障碍、动脉硬化、前列腺肥大、糖尿病和糖尿病并发症、代谢综合征、血管再狭窄、动脉粥样硬化、炎症、自身免疫疾病、AIDS、骨病如骨质疏松、消化道细菌感染、脓毒病、癌症发展和进展、例如乳房、结肠、前列腺、卵巢、脑和肺的癌症及其转移。
WO 01/64238描述了可用作神经保护剂的任选被
-(CH2)1-6-O-(CH2)0-6-、-(CH2)0-6-S-(CH2)0-6-或-(CH2)0-6-连接的杂环基取代的异喹啉-5-磺酰胺衍生物。
WO 2004/106325(Schering AG)描述了在异喹啉环1位携带醚或酯基的Rho-激酶抑制剂法舒地尔的前药。
WO 2001/039726概括描述了可用于治疗微生物感染的-O-(C0-C10)烷基-杂芳基取代的环己基衍生物。
JP 10087629 A描述了可用于治疗由幽门螺旋杆菌(Heliobacter pylori)引起的疾病如胃炎癌症或溃疡的异喹啉衍生物。该异喹啉衍生物可被OH在1位取代,优选被X-[(C1-C6)亚烷基)]0-1-Y 5-取代,其中X可以是氧且Y可以是芳基或杂环基。
Yoshida等人(Bioorg.Med.Chem.1999,7,2647-2666)公开了用于治疗由幽门螺旋杆菌所引起感染的6-苄氧基-异喹啉。
US 5,480,883概括公开了作为EGF和/或PDGF受体抑制剂、可用于抑制细胞增殖的式“Ar I-X-Ar II”化合物,其中X可以是(CHR1)m-Z-(CHR1)n,例如Z-CH2,其中Z可以是O,R1是氢或烷基,ArI可尤其是任选取代的异喹啉酮,Ar II可尤其是任选取代的环己基。
WO 2005/030791(Merck & Co.)概括公开了作为钾通道抑制剂、用于治疗心律失常、中风、充血性心力衰竭等的异喹啉酮衍生物,其任选在6位被基团(CReRf)pOR43取代,其中p可以是零,R43是例如任选被NR51R52取代的(C3-C10)环烷基,其中R51和R52可以是氢、(C1-C6)烷基等;或R43是基团R81,定义为具有1、2、3或4个杂原子的4-6元不饱和或饱和单环杂环;且在4位被直接键合的任选取代的芳基或杂芳基取代。
WO 2005/030130(Merck & Co.)概括公开了作为钾通道抑制剂、用于治疗心律失常、中风、充血性心力衰竭等的异喹啉酮衍生物,其可以在1位被羟基取代且在6位任选被基团(CReRf)pOR43取代,其中p可以是零,R43是例如任选被NR51R52取代的(C3-C10)环烷基,其中R51和R52可以是氢、(C1-C6)烷基等;或R43是基团R81,定义为具有1、2、3或4个杂原子的4-6元不饱和或饱和单环杂环;且在4位被直接键合的任选取代的芳基或杂芳基取代。
WO 03/053330(Ube)描述了作为Rho-激酶抑制剂的下式的异喹啉酮衍生物
本发明的一个实施方案是式(I)化合物,
其中
R2是H、(C1-C6)烷基、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-R’、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-O-(C1-C6)烷基、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-O-R’、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-NH2、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-NH(C1-C6)烷基、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-CH[R’]2、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-C(O)-R’、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-C(O)NH2、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-C(O)NH-R’或[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-C(O)N[R’]2;
R3是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’、OH、O-R”、NH2、NHR”、NR”R”或NH-C(O)-R”,
R4是H、卤素、羟基、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’;
R5是H、卤素、CN、NO2、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C2-C6)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、NH2、NH-R’、NH-SO2H、NH-SO2-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-SO2-R’、NH-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-C(O)-R’、C(O)N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、C(O)OH或C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基;
R6和R6’彼此独立地是H、R’、(C1-C8)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-CH[R’]2、(C1-C6)亚烷基-C(O)-R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-C(O)NH2、(C1-C6)亚烷基-C(O)NH-R’,或(C1-C6)亚烷基-C(O)N[R’]2;
R7和R8彼此独立地是H、卤素、CN、NO2、(C1-C6)烷基、O-(C1-C6-)烷基、O-[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-R’、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’、(C2-C6)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’、NH2、NH-R’、NH-SO2H、NH-SO2-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-SO2-R’、SO2-NH2、SO2-NHR’、NH-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-C(O)-R’、C(O)N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、C(O)OH或C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基;
R9是卤素或(C1-C6)烷基;
n是0、1、2、3或4;且
L是O或O-(C1-C6)亚烷基;
其中R’是(C3-C8)环烷基、(C5-C10)杂环基或(C6-C10)芳基;且
R”是(C3-C8)环烷基、(C5-C10)杂环基、(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-R’或(C1-C6)亚烷基-NRxRy;且
其中Rx和Ry彼此独立地是(C1-C6)烷基、(C5-C10)杂环基、(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-NH(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、(C1-C4)亚烷基-N[(C6-C10)芳基]2或(C1-C4)亚烷基-N[(C5-C10)杂环基]2;且
其中在残基R4、R5、R7和R8中,一个烷基或亚烷基氢原子可任选被OH、OCH3、COOH、COOCH3、NH2、NHCH3、N(CH3)2、CONH2、CONHCH3或CON(CH3)2取代,或烷基或亚烷基可以被卤代一次或多次;或它们药学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式和/或生理学功能衍生物。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,在R4、R5、R7和R8中,一个烷基或亚烷基氢原子可任选被OH、F、OCH3、COOH、COOCH3、NH2、NHCH3、N(CH3)2、CONH2、CONHCH3或CON(CH3)2取代。
式(I)异喹啉酮衍生物的立体异构形式包括相应式(I’)的互变异构1-羟基-取代的异喹啉衍生物
其中R1是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、(C2-C6)炔基、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-(C3-C8)环烷基、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-(C5-C10)杂环基、[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-(C6-C10)芳基、C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、C(O)(C2-C6)链烯基、C(O)-(C2-C6)炔基、C(O)-[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-(C3-C8)环烷基、C(O)-[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-(C5-C10)杂环基或C(O)-[(C1-C6)亚烷基]0-1-(C6-C10)芳基,且
其中R3、R4、R5、R6、R6’、R7、R8、R9、n和L如上所定义。
在优选的实施方案中,式(I)化合物中的R2是H,该化合物由此通过式(II)化合物表征
在进一步优选的实施方案中,式(I’)化合物中的R1是H,该化合物由此通过式(II’)化合物表征
化合物(II)和(II’)彼此是互变异构形式。
例如,下式化合物
是下式化合物的互变异构体形式
以下优选实施方案涉及式(I)、(I’)、(II)和(II’)化合物:
R3优选是H、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-R’、O-R”或NHR”。更优选R3是H、(C1-C6)烷基或NHR”。最优选R3是H、(C1-C4)烷基、NH-(C5-C6)杂环基或NH-苯基,尤其优选R3是H、(C1-C4)烷基、NH-含有一个或多个N原子的(C5-C6)杂芳基或NH-苯基。最尤其优选R3是H。
优选地,R4是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、NH-(C6-C10)芳基或(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’。更优选R4是H、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基、NH-(C6-C10)芳基或(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’。在进一步优选的实施方案中,R4是H、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基、NH-(C6-C10)芳基或(C1-C2)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基。最优选R4是H、卤素或(C1-C6)烷基。尤其优选R4是H、卤素或(C1-C6)烷基。更尤其优选R4是H或(C1-C6)烷基。最尤其优选R4是H。
优选地,R5是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、R’、NH-(C6-C10)芳基或(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’。更优选R5是H、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基、R’、NH-(C6-C10)芳基或(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’。在进一步优选的实施方案中,R5是H、卤素、(C6-C10)芳基、NH-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C2)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)烷基或(C5-C10)杂芳基。最优选R5是H、卤素、苯基、(C1-C6)烷基或(C5-C6)杂芳基。尤其优选R5是H、卤素或(C1-C6)烷基。更尤其优选R5是H或卤素。最尤其优选R5是H。
优选地,R6和R6’彼此独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、R’、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-C(O)-(C5-C10)杂环基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-C(O)-(C6-C10)芳基或(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基。在进一步优选的实施方案中,R6和R6’彼此独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C5-C10)杂环基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基或(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基。在更优选的实施方案中,R6是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C6)环烷基或(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C6)环烷基,且R6’是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基、(C5-C10)杂环基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基或(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基。在进一步更优选的实施方案中,R6是H、(C1-C6)烷基且R6’是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基、(C5-C10)杂环基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基或(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基。在进一步甚至更优选的实施方案中,R6是H、(C1-C6)烷基且R6‘是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基,其中杂环基是未取代的或被(C1-C4)烷基或卤素取代,或是(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基,其中芳基是未取代的或被卤素、(C1-C4)烷基、尤其CH3或CF3、O-(C1-C4)烷基、尤其O-CH3或SO2-(C1-C4)烷基、尤其SO2-CH3或SO2-CF3取代。在最优选的实施方案中,R6是H、(C1-C6)烷基且R6’是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基。在进一步最优选的实施方案中,R6是H且R6‘是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基。尤其优选R6和R6’是H。
作为这些实施方案的实例,R6或R6’彼此独立地是氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、3-甲基-丁基、2-甲基-丙基、丁基、戊基、3,3,3-三氟丙基、4,4,4-三氟丁基或选自下组的取代基:
优选地,R7和R8彼此独立地是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’或(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基。更优选R7和R8彼此独立地是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C4)烷基、O-(C1-C4)烷基、(C2-C4)链烯基、苯基、(C3-C6)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C6)环烷基或(C5-C6)杂芳基。甚至更优选R7和R8彼此独立地是H、卤素、(C1-C4)烷基、O-(C1-C4)烷基或(C3-C6)环烷基。最优选R7是H、卤素、(C1-C4)烷基或(C3-C6)环烷基且R8是H。尤其优选R7和R8是H。
R9优选是卤素或(C1-C4)烷基。更优选R9是Cl、F、甲基或乙基。
优选地,n是0、1、2或3。更优选n是0或1。最优选n是0。
连接基团L可以经由环己基环的碳原子连接于环己基环的任意位置,由此可形成本发明化合物的顺式-或反式立体异构体。
在优选的实施方案中,L以所有立体异构形式连接于环己基环的4-位
L连接于环己基环的3位
在尤其优选的实施方案中,L连接于环己基环的4位。
优选地,L是O-亚甲基、O-亚乙基或O。更优选地,L是连接于环己基环4位的O-亚甲基、O-亚乙基或最优选O。
最优选,L是O。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,式(I)或(I’)化合物中所含的一个或多个或所有基团可彼此独立地具有以上示出的任意优选、更优选或最优选的基团定义或任意一个或一些由以上示出基团定义所涵盖的具体表示,优选的定义、更优选或最优选和/或具体表示的所有组合是本发明的主题。此外,就所有优选实施方案而言,本发明包括式(I)或(I’)化合物的所有立体异构形式和所有比例的立体异构形式的混合物和/或它们生理学可接受的盐。
本发明优选的实施方案是式(I)、(I’)、(II)或(II’)化合物,其中
R3是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’、OH、O-R”、NH2或NHR”;
R4是H、卤素、羟基、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’;
R5是H、卤素、CN、NO2、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C2-C6)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、NH2、NH-R’、NH-SO2H、NH-SO2-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-SO2-R’、NH-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-C(O)-R’、C(O)N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、C(O)OH或C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基;
R6和R6’彼此独立地是H、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C8)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-CH[R’]2、(C1-C6)亚烷基-C(O)NH2、(C1-C6)亚烷基-C(O)NH-R’或(C1-C6)亚烷基-C(O)N[R’]2;
R7和R8彼此独立地是H、卤素、CN、NO2、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’、(C2-C6)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-R’、NH2、NH-R’、NH-SO2-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-SO2-R’、SO2-NH2、SO2-NHR’、NH-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-C(O)-R’、C(O)N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、C(O)OH或C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基;
R9是卤素或(C1-C6)烷基;
n是0、1、2;且
L是O或O-(C1-C3)亚烷基;
其中R1、R2、R’、R”、Rx和Ry如上所定义;
或它们药学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式和/或生理学功能衍生物。
本发明进一步优选的实施方案是式(I)、(I’)、(II)或(II’)化合物,其中
R3是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C2)亚烷基-R’或NHR”;
R4是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C2)亚烷基-R’;
R5是H、卤素、CN、NO2、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C2-C6)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、NH2、NH-R’、NH-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基或C(O)N[(C1-C6)烷基]2;
R6和R6’彼此独立地是H、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C8)烷基或(C1-C3)亚烷基-R’;
R7和R8彼此独立地是H、卤素、CN、NO2、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’、(C2-C3)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C3)亚烷基-R’、NH-R’、NH-SO2-(C1-C6)烷基或SO2-NH2;
R9是卤素或(C1-C6)烷基;
n是0或1;且
L是O或O-亚甲基;
其中R1、R2、R’、R”、Rx和Ry如上所定义;
或它们药学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式和/或生理学功能衍生物。
本发明最优选的实施方案是式(I)、(I’)、(II)或(II’)化合物,其中
R3是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C2)亚烷基-R’或NHR”;
R4是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C4)烷基、(C3-C6)环烷基、(C1-C2)亚烷基-R’;
R5是H、卤素、CN、NO2、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C2-C6)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、NH-R’;
R6是H、(C3-C6)环烷基或(C1-C4)烷基;
R6’是H、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C8)烷基或(C1-C3)亚烷基-R’;
R7和R8彼此独立地是H、卤素、CN、NO2、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)链烯基、R’、(C2-C3)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C3)亚烷基-R’、NH-SO2-(C1-C6)烷基或SO2-NH2;
R9是卤素或(C1-C4)烷基;
n是0;且
L是O;
其中R1、R2、R’、R”、Rx和Ry如上所定义;
或它们药学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式和/或生理学功能衍生物。
另一最优选的本发明实施方案是式(I)、(I’)、(II)或(II’)化合物,其中
R3是H、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基;
R4是H、卤素、(C1-C4)烷基;
R5是H、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基;
R6是H、(C3-C8)环烷基,或(C1-C8)烷基;
R6’是H、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C8)烷基或(C1-C3)亚烷基-R’;
R7和R8彼此独立地是H、卤素、CN、(C1-C6)烷基或SO2-NH2;
R9是卤素或(C1-C4)烷基;
n是0;且
L是O;
其中R1、R2和R’如上所定义;
或它们药学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式和/或生理学功能衍生物。
如本发明任意实施方案中、在含有本发明化合物优选的、更优选的、最优选的或示例性定义的前述实施方案中,一个或多个或所有基团可具有任意上述优选的、更优选的、最优选的定义,或由以上示出的由其定义所涵盖的任意一个或一些具体表示。
式(I)和(I’)化合物的生理可接受的盐意指它们的有机和无机盐,如Remington′s Pharmaceutical Sciences(第17版,1418页(1985))所述。由于物理和化学稳定性和溶解度,对于酸性基团尤其优选钠、钾、钙和铵盐,对于碱性基团尤其优选马来酸、富马酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、甲基磺酸、盐酸、硫酸、磷酸或羧酸或磺酸的盐,如盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、甲磺酸盐、乙酸盐、乳酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、苹果酸盐、葡糖酸盐,和氨基酸、天然碱或羧酸的盐。由能够成盐的式(I)和(I’)化合物、包括它们的立体异构形式制备生理学可接受的盐以本身已知的方式进行。式(I)化合物与碱性试剂形成稳定的碱金属、碱土金属或任选取代的铵盐,碱性试剂如氢氧化物、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、醇化物和氨或有机碱,如三甲基胺或三乙基胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺或三乙醇胺、氨丁三醇,或其他碱性氨基酸如赖氨酸、鸟氨酸或精氨酸。当式(I)或(I’)具有碱性基团时,也可以用强酸制备稳定的酸加成盐。适合的本发明化合物的药学可接受酸加成盐是无机酸和有机酸的盐,无机酸如盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、偏磷酸、硝酸和硫酸,有机酸如乙酸、苯磺酸、苯甲酸、柠檬酸、乙磺酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、羟基乙酸、羟乙磺酸、乳酸、乳糖酸、马来酸、苹果酸、甲磺酸、琥珀酸、对甲苯磺酸和酒石酸。
与生理学不可接受的阴离子的盐如三氟乙酸盐作为有用的中间体用于制备或纯化药学可接受的盐和/或用于非治疗、例如体外应用,同样属于本发明框架内。
本文使用的术语“生理学功能衍生物”指的是本发明式(I)或(I’)化合物的任意生理学耐受衍生物,例如N-氧化物,其在施用于哺乳动物、例如人时能够(直接或间接)形成式(I)或(I’)化合物或其活性代谢物。
生理学功能衍生物包括本发明化合物的前体药物,如例如H.Okada等人,Chem.Pharm.Bull.1994,42,57-61所述。这类前体药物可在体内代谢为本发明化合物。这些前体药物本身可以有活性或无活性。
本发明涉及式(I)或(I’)化合物的外消旋物、外消旋混合物和纯对映体形式以及它们的非对映体及其混合物。
如果基团或取代基在式(I)或(I’)化合物中可以出现一次或一次以上,它们可以全部彼此独立地具有所示含义并且可以相同或不同。
本发明化合物也可以以各种多晶型和/或溶剂合物存在,例如作为无定形和晶体多晶型。所有本发明化合物的多晶型属于本发明的框架内并且是本发明的另一方面。
以下所有对“式(I)化合物”或“式(I’)化合物”的称谓指的是如上所述的一种或多种式(I)或(I’)化合物,以及本文所述它们生理学可接受的盐、溶剂合物和生理学功能衍生物。
术语烷基和相应的亚烷基取代基应理解为烃基残基,其酌情分别可以是线性、例如直链的,或是支链的,且具有1、2、3、4、5或6个碳原子。这在烷基作为另一基团取代基时也适用,例如在烷氧基(O-烷基)、S-烷基或-O(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-、烷氧基羰基或芳基烷基中。烷基的实例有甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基或己基、所有这些基团的n-异构体、异丙基、异丁基、1-甲基丁基、异戊基、新戊基、2,2-二甲基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、异己基、仲丁基、叔丁基或叔戊基。如果没有另外示出,烷基可以被卤代一次或多次,例如烷基可以被氟代,例如全氟代。卤代烷基的实例有CF3和CH2CF3、OCF3、SCF3或-O-(CF2)2-O-。
链烯基为例如乙烯基、1-丙稀基、2-丙稀基(=烯丙基)、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、2-甲基-2-丁烯基、3-甲基-2-丁烯基、5-己烯基或1,3-戊二烯基。
炔基为例如乙炔基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基(=炔丙基)或2-丁炔基。
卤素意指氟、氯、溴或碘。
(C3-C8)环烷基是含有3、4、5、6、7或8个环碳原子的环状烷基,如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基或环辛基,其也可以被取代和/或含有1或2个双键(不饱和环烷基),例如环戊烯基或环己烯基可以经由任意碳原子结合。
(C6-C10)芳基意指芳族环或包含两个稠合或以其他方式连接的芳族环的环系,例如苯基、萘基、联苯基、四氢萘基、α-或β-四氢萘酮-、茚满基-或茚满-1-酮基。优选的(C6-C10)芳基是苯基。
(C5-C10)杂环基意指除碳原子外还包含一个或多个杂原子如1、2或3个氮原子、1或2个氧原子、1或2个硫原子或不同杂原子组合的单-或双环环系。杂环基残基可以键合于任意位置,例如1-位、2-位、3-位、4-位、5-位、6-位、7-位或8-位。(C5-C10)杂环基可以是(1)芳族的[=杂芳基]或(2)饱和的或(3)混合芳族/饱和的杂环基。
适合的(C5-C10)杂环基包括吖啶基、吖辛因基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并吗啉基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并四唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并异噻唑基、咔唑基、4aH-咔唑基、咔啉基、呋喃基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、4H-喹嗪基、喹喔啉基、奎宁环基、苯并二氢吡喃基、苯并吡喃基、苯并吡喃-2-酮基、噌啉基、十氢喹啉基、2H,6H-1,5,2-二噻嗪基、二氢呋喃并[2,3-b]-四氢呋喃、呋喃基、呋咱基、高吗啉基、高哌嗪基、咪唑烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑基、1H-吲唑基、二氢吲哚基、中氮茚基、吲哚基、3H-吲哚基、异苯并呋喃基、异苯并二氢吡喃基、异吲唑基、异二氢吲哚基、异吲哚基、异喹啉基(苯并咪唑基)、异噻唑基、异噁唑基、吗啉基、萘啶基、八氢异喹啉基、噁二唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基、1,3,4-噁二唑基、噁唑烷基、噁唑基、噁唑烷基、嘧啶基、菲啶基、菲咯啉基、吩嗪基、酚噻嗪基、吩噁噻基、吩噁嗪基、酞嗪基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、脯氨酰基(prolinyl)、蝶啶基、purynyl、吡喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑烷基、吡唑啉基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、吡啶酮基、吡啶并噁唑基、吡啶并咪唑基、吡啶并噻唑基、吡啶基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯烷基、吡咯啉基、2H-吡咯基、吡咯基、四氢呋喃基、四氢异喹啉基、四氢喹啉基、6H-1,2,5-噻二嗪基、噻唑基、1,2,3-噻二唑基、1,2,4-噻二唑基、1,2,5-噻二唑基、1,3,4-噻二唑基、噻吩基、三唑基、四唑基和呫吨基。吡啶基代表2-、3-和4-吡啶基。噻吩基代表2-和3-噻吩基。呋喃基代表2-和3-呋喃基。还包括这些化合物的相应N-氧化物,例如1-氧基-2-、3-或4-吡啶基。
(C5-C10)杂环基残基的取代可出现在游离碳原子上或氮原子上。
(C5-C10)杂环基残基的优选实例是吡嗪基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡唑基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、喹啉基、四唑基和三唑基。
(C6-C10)芳基和(C5-C10)杂环基是未取代的或如果没有另外指出被独立地选自以下的适合基团取代一次或多次:卤素、CF3、NO2、N3、CN、C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、C(O)-(C1-C6)芳基、COOH、COO(C1-C6)烷基、CONH2、CONH(C1-C6)烷基、CON[(C1-C6)烷基]2、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-OH、(C1-C6)亚烷基-NH2、(C1-C6)亚烷基-NH(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、(C2-C6)链烯基、(C2-C6)炔基、O-(C1-C6)烷基、O-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、O-C(O)-(C6-C10)芳基、O-C(O)-(C5-C10)杂环基、PO3H2、SO3H、SO2-NH2、SO2NH(C1-C6)烷基、SO2N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、S-(C1-C6)烷基;S-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、S-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、SO-(C1-C6)烷基、SO-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、SO-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、SO2-(C1-C6)烷基、SO2-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、SO2-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、SO2-NH(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、SO2-NH(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、SO2-N[(C1-C6)烷基][(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基]、SO2-N[(C1-C6)烷基][(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基]、SO2-N[(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基]2、SO2-N[(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基]2、C(NH)(NH2)、NH2、NH-(C1-C6)烷基、N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、NH-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-C(O)-(C6-C10)芳基、NH-C(O)-(C5-C10)杂环基、NH-C(O)O-(C6-C10)芳基、NH-C(O)O-(C5-C10)杂环基、NH-C(O)-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-C(O)-NH-(C6-C10)芳基、NH-C(O)-NH-(C5-C10)杂环基、NH-SO2-(C1-C6)烷基、NH-SO2-(C6-C10)芳基、NH-SO2-(C5-C10)杂环基、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)-(C6-C10)芳基、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)-杂环基、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)O-(C6-C10)芳基、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)O-(C5-C10)杂环基、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)-NH-(C1-C6)烷基]、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)-NH-(C6-C10)芳基、N(C1-C6)烷基-C(O)-NH-(C5-C10)杂环基、N[(C1-C6)烷基]-C(O)-N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、N[(C1-C6)烷基]-C(O)-N[(C1-C6)烷基]-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C1-C6)烷基]-C(O)-N[(C1-C6)烷基]-(C5-C10)杂环基、N[(C1-C6)烷基]-C(O)-N[(C6-C10)芳基]2、N[(C1-C6)烷基]-C(O)-N[(C5-C10)杂环基]2、N[(C6-C10)芳基]-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)-(C1-C6)烷基、N[(C6-C10)芳基]-C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基、N(芳基)-C(O)-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C6-C10)芳基]-C(O)O-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)O-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C6-C10)芳基]-C(O)-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、N(芳基)-C(O)-NH-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)-NH-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C6-C10)芳基]-C(O)-N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)-N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、N[(C6-C10)芳基]-C(O)-N[(C1-C6)烷基]-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)-N[(C1-C6)烷基]-(C6-C10)芳基、N[(C6-C10)芳基]-C(O)-N[(C6-C10)芳基]2、N[(C5-C10)杂环基]-C(O)-N[(C6-C10)芳基]2、(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、O-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C5-C10)杂环基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基、O-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基,其中(C6-C10)芳基或(C5-C10)杂环基可以被以下取代1至3次:卤素、OH、NO2、CN、O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基、NH2、NH(C1-C6)烷基、N[(C1-C6)烷基]2、SO2CH3、COOH、C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基、CONH2、(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)亚烷基-O-(C6-C10)芳基、O-(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基;或其中(C6-C10)芳基被O-(C1-C4)亚烷基-O邻位取代,由此与氧原子所连接的碳原子一起形成5-8-元环。(C6-C10)芳基和(C5-C10)杂环基的芳基或杂环基取代基不可以进一步被含芳基或杂环基的基团取代。
如果被取代,(C6-C10)芳基的优选取代基是(C1-C4)烷基、O-(C1-C4)烷基、O-苯基、C(O)O-(C1-C6)烷基、C(O)OH、C(O)-(C1-C4)烷基、卤素、NO2、SO2NH2、CN、SO2-(C1-C4)烷基、NH-SO2-(C1-C4)烷基、NH2、NH-C(O)-(C1-C4)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)烷基-OH、C(O)N[(C1-C4)烷基]2、C(O)NH2、N[(C1-C4)烷基]2、(C1-C4)亚烯基-(C6-C10)芳基,其中(C6-C10)芳基可进一步被(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、O-(C1-C6)烷基-(C6-C10)芳基取代,或可被O-(C1-C4)亚烷基-O邻位取代,由此与氧原子所连接的碳原子一起形成5-8-元环。(C1-C6)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基的更优选的取代基是卤素、(C1-C4)烷基、尤其CH3或CF3、O-(C1-C4)烷基、尤其O-CH3或SO2-(C1-C4)烷基、尤其SO2-CH3或SO2-CF3。
在单取代的苯基中,取代基可位于2-位、3-位或4-位,优选3-位和4-位。如果苯基携带两个取代基,它们可以位于2,3-位、2,4-位、2,5-位、2,6-位、3,4-位或3,5-位。在携带三个取代基的苯基中,取代基可位于2,3,4-位、2,3,5-位、2,3,6-位、2,4,5-位、2,4,6-位或3,4,5-位。
以上涉及苯基的描述相应地适用于衍生自苯基的二价基团,即可以未被取代的亚苯基或取代的1,2-亚苯基、1,3-亚苯基或1,4-亚苯基。以上描述还相应地适用于芳基亚烷基中的芳基亚基团。也可以是未取代的或在芳基亚基团以及亚烷基亚基团被取代的芳基亚烷基的实例是苄基、1-苯基亚乙基、2-苯基亚乙基、3-苯基亚丙基、4-苯基亚丁基、1-甲基-3-苯基-亚丙基。
如果被取代,(C5-C10)杂环基的优选取代基是(C1-C4)烷基、O-(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-苯基、卤素、(C1-C4)亚烷基-O-(C1-C4)烷基、(C5-C10)杂环基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-N[(C1-C4)烷基]2或(C6-C10)芳基,其中(C6-C10)芳基可以进一步被(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、O-(C1-C6)烷基-(C6-C10)芳基取代,或可以被O-(C1-C4)亚烷基-O邻位取代,由此与氧原子所连接的碳原子一起形成5-8-元环。(C5-C10)杂环基的更优选的取代基是(C1-C4)烷基或卤素。
(C6-C10)芳基和(C5-C10)杂环基的一般和优选的取代基可以与以上所述R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R6’、R7、R8、R9、n和L的一般和优选定义组合。
本发明因此还涉及用作药物(或药剂)的式(I)或(I’)化合物或它们生理学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式、式(I)或(I’)化合物或它们生理学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式在制备用于治疗和/或预防与Rho-激酶和/或Rho-激酶介导的肌球蛋白轻链磷酸酶磷酸化相关疾病的药物中的用途,即用于治疗和/或预防高血压、肺动脉高压、高眼压症、视网膜病、青光眼、周围循环障碍、周围动脉闭塞疾病(PAOD)、冠心病、心绞痛、心脏肥大、心力衰竭、局部缺血性疾病、局部缺血性器官衰竭(终端器官损伤)、纤维化肺、纤维化肝、肝衰竭、肾病、包括高血压诱导的、非高血压诱导的和糖尿病性肾病、肾衰竭、纤维化肾、肾小球硬化、器官肥大、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、成人呼吸窘迫综合征、血栓形成障碍、中风、脑血管痉挛、脑缺血、疼痛、例如神经病性疼痛、神经元变性、脊髓损伤、阿尔茨海默病、早产、勃起功能障碍、内分泌功能障碍、动脉硬化、前列腺肥大、糖尿病和糖尿病并发症、代谢综合征、血管再狭窄、动脉粥样硬化、炎症、自身免疫疾病、AIDS、骨病如骨质疏松、消化道细菌感染、脓毒病、癌症发展和进展、例如乳房、结肠、前列腺、卵巢、脑和肺的癌症及其转移。
治疗和/或预防人疾病是优选实施方案,但温血动物如猫、狗、大鼠、马等也可以用本发明化合物治疗。
本发明还涉及药物制剂(或药物组合物),其含有有效量的至少一种式(I)或(I’)化合物或其生理学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式以及药学可接受的载体,即一种或多种药学可接受的载体物质(或介质)和/或添加剂(或赋形剂)。
任选地,式(I)或(I’)的生理学功能衍生物、包括前体药物可用于上述用途和药物制剂。
药物可口服施用,例如以丸剂、片剂、喷涂片(lacquered tablets)、包衣片、颗粒、硬和软明胶胶囊、溶液、糖浆、乳剂、混悬剂或气雾混合物形式。但是,施用也可以如下进行:经直肠、例如以栓剂形式,或经胃肠外、例如经静脉内、肌肉内或皮下以注射溶液或输注溶液、微囊、植入剂或植入棒形式,或经皮或局部、例如以软膏、溶液或酊剂形式,或以其他途径、例如以气雾剂或鼻喷雾剂形式。
根据本发明的药物制剂以本身已知且为本领域技术人员熟悉的方式制备,除了式(I)或(I’)化合物或其生理学可接受的盐和/或其立体异构形式以及它们的前体药物外,使用药学可接受的惰性无机和/或有机载体物质和/或添加剂。对于丸剂、片剂、包衣片和硬明胶胶囊的制备而言,可能使用例如乳糖、玉米淀粉或其衍生物、滑石、硬脂酸或其盐等。软明胶胶囊和栓剂的载体物质有例如脂肪、蜡、半固体和液体多元醇、天然或硬化油等。适合于制备溶液、例如注射溶液或乳剂或糖浆剂的载体物质有例如水、盐水、醇、甘油、多元醇、蔗糖、转化糖、葡萄糖、植物油等。适合用于微囊、植入剂或植入棒的载体物质有例如羟基乙酸和乳酸的共聚物。药物制剂通常含有约0.5至约90%重量的式(I)或(I’)化合物或其生理学可接受的盐和/或它们的立体异构形式。药物制剂中的式(I)或(I’)活性成分和/或其生理学可接受的盐和/或其立体异构形式的量通常约0.5至约1000mg、优选约1至约500mg。
除了式(I)或(I’)活性成分和/或它们生理学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式以及载体物质外,药物制剂可含有一种或多种添加剂,如填充剂、崩解剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、润湿剂、稳定剂、乳化剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、着色剂、矫味剂、芳香剂、增稠剂、稀释剂、缓冲物质、溶剂、增溶剂、获得储库效果的试剂、改变渗透压的盐、包衣剂或抗氧化剂。它们也可以含有两种或多种式(I)和/或(I’)化合物和/或它们生理学可接受的盐和/或它们的立体异构形式。在药物组合物含有两种或更多种式(I)和/或(I’)化合物时,对个别化合物的选择可依据药物制剂的特定总体药理学性质。例如,作用持续时间较短的高度强效化合物可以与功效较低的长效化合物组合。就式(I)或(I’)化合物中取代基选择而言所允许的灵活性使得能够对化合物的生物学和物理化学性质进行众多控制,由此能够选择这类所需化合物。此外,除了至少一种式(I)或(I’)化合物和/或其生理学可接受的盐和/或其立体异构形式外,药物制剂还可含有一种或多种其他治疗或预防活性成分。
当使用式(I)或(I’)化合物时,剂量可在宽限度内变化,且按照常规和如医生已知,剂量应适合于每种个例的个体情况。其取决于例如所应用的具体化合物、所治疗疾病的性质和严重程度、施用方式和方案或所治疗的是急性还是慢性病症或是否进行预防。适合的剂量可利用医学领域已知的临床方法建立。一般而言,在重约75kg的成人中获得所需结果的日剂量是约0.01至约100mg/kg、优选约0.1至约50mg/kg、特别约0.1至约10mg/kg(每种情况下以mg每公斤体重计)。特别在施用较大量的情况下,日剂量可以分为若干、例如2、3或4部分施用。通常取决于个体行为,可能有必要向上或向下偏离所指示的日剂量。
此外,式(I)或(I’)化合物可用作用于制备其他化合物的合成中间体、特别是可由式I化合物获得、例如通过引入取代基或修饰官能团获得的其他药学活性成分。
应当理解:未实质性影响本发明各实施方案活性的修饰包括在本文所公开的本发明范围内。
式(I)或(I’)化合物可根据以下示例化合物制备,只要不偏离权利要求的范围即可。
一般而言,然后通过标准方法除去仍然存在于偶联反应所获得产物中的保护基。例如,作为氨基保护形式的叔丁基保护基、特别是叔丁氧羰基可通过用三氟乙酸处理而脱保护即转化为氨基。如已经解释的,偶联反应后还可能由适合的前体基团生成官能团。此外,向式(I)或(I’)化合物的生理学可接受的盐或前体药物的转化然后可通过已知方法进行。
一般而言,对含有式(I)或(I’)终产物或中间体的反应混合物进行处理,如果需要,将产物通过本领域技术人员已知的常规方法纯化。例如,所合成化合物可利用熟知的方法如结晶、色谱或反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)或基于例如化合物大小、电荷或疏水性的其他分离方法纯化。类似地,熟知的方法如氨基酸序列分析、NMR、IR和质谱法(MS)可用于表征本发明化合物。
异喹啉酮可以经由各种方法合成。以下一般方案阐释一些可能获得异喹啉酮的方法,但并不限制本发明。
方案1:
可使适当取代的醛、例如被连接于适合位置的、彼此独立地为氢、烷基、烷氧基或卤素的X或Y取代的醛与适合的化合物如氨基乙醛的缩醛在溶剂如THF、氯仿或甲苯中、在甲苯磺酸或另一种适合的酸催化下反应,得到其中Q’可以是例如甲基或乙基的亚胺(ii),其然后可通过不同方法环化为异喹啉(iii)。例如这可通过适合的路易斯酸如四氯化肽、卤化铁、卤化铝等的路易斯酸催化、在环境至100℃的温度进行,或通过适合的还原剂如硼氢化钠的作用还原亚胺为相应的胺、通过与适合的酰氯反应转化胺为酰胺或磺酰胺、随后通过适合的路易斯酸的作用环化为异喹啉。然后,异喹啉自身(iii)可通过适合的氧化剂如过氧化氢、间氯过苯甲酸等的作用在室温或升高的温度转化为相应的N-氧化物(iv)。N-氧化物(iv)然后可通过与试剂如磷酰氯在有或没有五氯化磷存在下反应而转化为1-氯-异喹啉衍生物(v)。该衍生物(v)然后可通过与各种醇Q-OH如甲醇、乙醇或苄醇在适合的碱如氢化钠存在下、在适合的溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺等中反应而转化为适合的1-烷氧基-衍生物。或者,(v)可通过与试剂如乙酸铵反应而直接转化为异喹啉酮衍生物(vii)。
方案2
或者,异喹啉可如下获得:使适合的其中Z是例如H或烷基如甲基或乙基的3-甲酰化或乙酰化氟苯(viii)与试剂如膦酸乙酸三乙酯(triethylphosphono acetate)在适合的碱如氢化钠存在下反应,得到相应的肉桂酸酯,其随后通过适合的碱如氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠或氢氧化锂的作用、在适合的溶剂中裂解,得到酸(ix)。(ix)然后可通过已知方法转化为相应的酰氯,其可通过与叠氮化钠在适合的溶剂如醚、氯仿或丙酮中、在有或没有水存在下反应而转化为酰基叠氮。然后,可将相应的叠氮化物通过在适合的溶剂如二苯基甲烷或二苯醚中、在适合的温度反应而转化为异喹啉酮(x)。
方案3:
以上获得的6-氟-异喹啉酮、例如(vi)可与其中P1/P2彼此独立地是例如氢、烷基或保护基如Boc或邻苯二甲酰的适合的P1/P2-取代的氨基醇在碱如DBU、碳酸铯或氢化钠存在下反应,得到相应的烷氧基取代的衍生物(xi)。最后,该转化可以已经在合成早期阶段进行(例如通过适合的中间体反应)。应当理解:在未保护的异喹啉酮的情况下,这可能需要在异喹啉酮部分的氮或氧上通过适合的方法如与适当取代的烷基或苄基卤在碱存在下反应而进行保护。
然后,可将经由该方法所得产物如(xi)释出,或如果存在适合的氨基官能团,使其与适合的醛或酮在还原剂如三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠、硼氢化钠或氰基硼氢化钠存在下、在适合的溶剂中、在吸水剂如分子筛或适合的原酸酯存在下反应。该氨基可能必须在初始步骤释出,例如酸性除去Boc-基团。
在使用保护的异喹啉酮的情况下,需要裂解所用保护基以释放所需异喹啉酮(xii)。但是,该释放可在还原性氨化步骤之前或之后进行,这取决于所用醛/酮和保护基的性质。
异喹啉酮衍生物如(xii)可作为游离碱或各种盐获得,如盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐或富马酸盐。所得的盐可转化为相应的游离碱,例如对它们进行离子交换色谱法或例如通过碱水溶液处理、随后用适合的有机溶剂如甲基叔丁基醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯或异丙醇/二氯甲烷混合物处理、随后蒸发至干。
制备如上所述异喹啉酮衍生物的通用方法可容易地调整以制备式(I)或(I`)化合物。在以下实施例中,更为详细地示出本发明化合物的制备法。因此,以下实施例是本发明的一部分,其用于阐述而非限制本发明。
(2,2-二甲氧基-乙基)-(4-氟-苄基)-胺(1)
将12.4g 4-氟苯甲醛溶于100mL甲苯并与10.5g 2-氨基乙醛缩二甲醇和1.90g(10mmol)对甲苯磺酸单水合物在迪安斯达克装置反应2小时。使溶液冷却,用饱和碳酸氢钠、水和盐水萃取,经硫酸镁干燥并蒸发至干。将粗产物溶于100mL乙醇。分批加入1.89g硼氢化钠。继续搅拌过夜。后处理时,加入乙酸,直至观察不到气体逸出。然后,将溶液蒸发至干,置于二氯甲烷中,用水洗涤两次。将有机层用盐水萃取,经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发至干。所得粗产物(20g)未经纯化用于进一步的反应。Rt=0.86min(方法B)。检测质量:182.1(M-OMe-),214.2(M+H+)。
N-(2,2-二甲氧基-乙基)-N-(4-氟-苄基)-4-甲基-苯磺酰胺(2)
将20g(2,2-二甲氧基-乙基)-(4-氟-苄基)-胺(1)溶于120mL二氯甲烷。加入20mL吡啶。在0℃滴加23.8g对甲苯磺酰氯在二氯甲烷中的溶液。使反应物温热至室温,继续搅拌,直至转化完全。后处理时,将反应混合物用2M盐酸萃取两次,用碳酸氢钠萃取两次,用盐水萃取一次。将有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发至干,将所得粗产物通过硅胶色谱纯化,得到22.95g化合物2,为橙色油。Rt=1.71min(方法C)。检测质量:336.1(M-OMe-)。
6-氟-异喹啉(3)
将41.6g AlCl3混悬于400mL二氯甲烷中。在室温加入22.95g N-(2,2-二甲氧基-乙基)-N-(4-氟-苄基)-4-甲基-苯磺酰胺(2)在150mL二氯甲烷中的溶液。继续在室温搅拌过夜,将溶液倾至冰上,分离有机层,将水相用二氯甲烷萃取两次,然后合并有机层,用碳酸氢钠萃取两次。将有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发至干,将所得粗产物(8.75g)通过硅胶色谱纯化,得到2.74g化合物(3),Rt=0.30min(方法C)。检测质量:148.1(M+H+)。
7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(4)
从3-氯-4-氟-苯甲醛开始,通过与用于合成6-氟-异喹啉(3)相同的反应程序制备标题化合物。Rt=0.77min(方法A)。检测质量:182.1/184.1(M+H+)。
7-溴-6-氟-异喹啉(92)
从3-溴-4-氟-苯甲醛开始,通过与用于合成6-氟-异喹啉(3)相同的反应程序制备标题化合物。Rt=0.91min(方法B)。检测质量:226.0/228.0(M+H+)。
7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(5)
将25g(137.7mmol)7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(4)溶于500mL二氯甲烷。在室温加入50.9g(206.5mmol)间氯过苯甲酸(70%),在室温搅拌混合物直至获得完全转化。后处理时,滤出沉淀,用二氯甲烷洗涤。将滤液用碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤两次。分离各层,将水相用二氯甲烷萃取两次。有机相经MgSO4干燥,蒸发。如此获得的固体物质(18.4g)未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=0.87min(方法C)。检测质量:198.1/200.1(M+H+)。
1,7-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(6)
将2.6g(12.0mmol)7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(5)在40mL POCl3中回流加热4小时。混合物已经冷却至室温后,将其倾至冰上。水溶液用二氯甲烷萃取三次。合并有机层,经MgSO4干燥,蒸发,得到2.91g标题化合物,其未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=2.34min(方法A)。检测质量:216.0/218.0(M+H+)。
5-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(7)
将7.0g(38.1mmol)6-氟异喹啉(3)溶于60ml浓硫酸。在0℃加入10.18gN-氯琥珀酰亚胺。1小时后,加入另外5.2g N-氯琥珀酰亚胺,将溶液加热至50℃。再接连加入两份5.2g N-氯琥珀酰亚胺,在50℃继续搅拌,直至反应完全。将反应混合物冷却至室温,倾至冰上,加入氢氧化钠调节至pH10。滤出沉淀,溶于二氯甲烷并用氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发,粗产物经制备型HPLC纯化,得到4.04g 5-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(7),为三氟乙酸盐。Rt=0.97min(方法A)。检测质量:182.0/184.0(M+H+)。
5-氯-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(8)
从5-氯-6-氟-异喹啉三氟乙酸盐(7)开始,按照对于7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(5)所述的方法获得标题化合物。Rt=0.90min(方法C)。检测质量:198.1/200.1(M+H+)。
1,5-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(9)
按照对合成1,7-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(6)所述的方法,将5-氯-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(8)转化为标题化合物。粗产物经硅胶色谱法纯化(庚烷/乙酸乙酯4∶1)。Rt=1.70min(方法C)。检测质量:216.0/218.0(M+H+)。
6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-氯-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(10)
将2.19g(10.2mmol)顺式-(4-羟基-环己基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯溶于20ml二甲基乙酰胺。在氩气氛下,加入814mg(20.4mmol)氢化钠(60%),将混合物在室温搅拌。30分钟后,加入2.0g(9.26mmol)1,7-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(6)在5ml二甲基乙酰胺中的溶液,在室温继续搅拌。1小时后,加入2.0g(18.5mmol)苄醇和740mg(18.5mmol)氢化钠(60%)。将反应物在室温搅拌2小时,在80℃搅拌30分钟,获得完全转化。在真空中除去溶剂,将残余物置于二氯甲烷中,用水洗涤两次。经硫酸镁干燥后,蒸发有机层,得到4.44g粗中间体顺式-[4-(1-苄基氧基-7-氯-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯。将中间体溶于甲醇,用2N HCl在室温处理。搅拌2天后,加入氢氧化钠将反应混合物调节至碱性pH。在真空中除去溶剂,将残余物在乙醇中搅拌。过滤,蒸发滤液,得到固体物质,将其通过制备型HPLC纯化。将所得三氟乙酸盐溶于2N HCl。最后进行冻干,得到433mg标题化合物,为盐酸盐。Rt=0.89min(方法B)。检测质量:293.2/295.2(M+H+)。
6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-5-氯-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(11)
从顺式-(4-羟基-环己基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯和1,5-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(9)开始,按照对于6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-氯-异喹啉-1-醇盐酸盐(10)所述途径,制备标题化合物的盐酸盐。Rt=1.04min(方法B)。检测质量:293.1/295.1(M+H+)。
7-氯-6-(顺式-4-环丙基氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(12)
7-氯-6-(顺式-4-二环丙基氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(13)
将100mg(0.3mmol)6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-氯-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐(10)溶于10ml甲醇。加入54.5mg(0.54mmol)三乙胺,将混合物在室温搅拌10分钟,加入新干燥的分子筛、159.3mg(2.66mmol)乙酸、104.6mg(0.6mmol)(1-乙氧基-环丙氧基)三甲基硅烷和56.5mg(0.9mmol)氰基硼氢化钠,将反应混合物回流3小时。加入5当量的(1-乙氧基-环丙氧基)-三甲基-硅烷,继而加入2当量氰基硼氢化钠。将混合物在室温放置过夜。将混合物过滤,蒸发滤液。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用2N NaOH和水洗涤两次,经硫酸镁干燥。蒸发溶剂后,通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到4.5mg 7-氯-6-(顺式-4-环丙基氨基-环己氧基)-异喹啉-1-醇(12)三氟乙酸盐和16mg 7-氯-6-(顺式-4-二环丙基氨基-环己氧基)-异喹啉-1-醇(13)三氟乙酸盐。Rt(12)=1.05min(方法A)。检测质量:333.2/335.2(M+H+)。Rt(13)=1.15min(方法B)。检测质量:373.1/375.1(M+H+)。
6-(反式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-氯-异喹啉-1-醇(14)
从反式-(4-羟基-环己基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯和1,7-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(6)开始,按照对于6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-氯-异喹啉-1-醇盐酸盐(10)所述途径,制备标题化合物。Rt=1.08min(方法B)。检测质量:293.2/295.2(M+H+)。
反式-4-(异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(15)
将6.1g(53mmol)4-氨基-环己醇溶于50ml二甲基乙酰胺,在室温加入4.24g(106mmol)氢化钠(60%)。将反应混合物在氩气下搅拌30分钟后,加入6.49g(35.3mmol)6-氟-异喹啉盐酸盐的溶液,将混合物在室温搅拌过夜。后处理时,在真空中除去溶剂,将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用水洗涤两次。分离有机层,经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发,得到8.64g粗产物,其未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=0.77min(方法B)。检测质量:243.1(M+H+)。
反式-N-[4-(异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(16)
将8.4g(34.7mmol)4-(异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(15)溶于100ml二氯甲烷/吡啶(4∶1)。在0℃加入3.27g(41.6mmol)乙酰氯在10ml二氯甲烷中的溶液,在室温搅拌反应混合物。2小时后,将溶液用二氯甲烷稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤两次。用2N HCl洗涤两次后,将产物转移至水相。加入固体NaOH调节HCl-层至碱性pH,用二氯甲烷萃取三次。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发溶剂,得到7.69g粗产物。硅胶色谱处理后,分离得到4.48g标题化合物。Rt=0.87min(方法A)。检测质量:285.2(M+H+)。
反式-N-[4-(2-氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(17)
从N-[4-(异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(16)开始,按照对于7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(5)所述的方法,获得标题化合物。Rt=1.01min(方法A)。检测质量:301.2(M+H+)。
反式-N-[4-(1-氯-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(18)
按照对于1,7-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(6)所述工艺,将N-[4-(2-氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(17)转化为标题化合物。粗产物通过制备型HPLC纯化。Rt=1.49min(方法B)。检测质量:319.1/321.1(M+H+)。
反式-N-[4-(1-苄基氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(19)
将975mg(3.06mmol)N-[4-(1-氯-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(18)溶于20ml二甲基乙酰胺,加入992mg(9.17mmol)苄醇。加入367mg(9.17mmol)氢化钠(60%)后,将反应混合物在室温搅拌3小时,在80℃搅拌1小时。然后,在真空中除去溶剂,将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用水洗涤三次。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。最后通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到680mg标题化合物。Rt=1.75min(方法B)。检测质量:391.2(M+H+)。
反式-6-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(20)
将680mg(1.74mmol)N-[4-(1-苄基氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(19)在2N HCl中、在高压釜中于120℃加热,直至获得完全转化。在真空中除去溶剂,将残余物通过制备型HPLC纯化。将产物级分蒸发,溶于2 N HCl中。冻干后,得到182mg标题化合物的盐酸盐。Rt=0.97min(方法B)。检测质量:259.2(M+H+)。
顺式-4-(异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(21)
从6-氟-异喹啉盐酸盐和顺式-4-氨基-环己醇开始,按照对于化合物(15)所述的工艺,制备标题化合物。Rt=0.64min(方法B)。检测质量:243.2(M+H+)。
顺式-N-[4-(异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(22)
从顺式-4-(异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(21)开始,按照对于化合物(16)所述工艺,制备标题化合物。Rt=0.90min(方法B)。检测质量:285.1(M+H+)。
顺式-N-[4-(2-氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(23)
从顺式-N-[4-(异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(22)开始,按照对于7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(5)所述方法,获得标题化合物。Rt=0.80min(方法C)。检测质量:301.2(M+H+)。
顺式-4-(2-氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(24)
将2.43g(8.1mmol)顺式-N-[4-(2-氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(23)在50ml 2N HCl中回流16小时。蒸发溶剂,得到2.46g标题化合物(粗产物),为HCl-盐。Rt=0.59min(方法C)。检测质量:517.3;259.2;130.2[(2M+H+),(M+H+),1/2(M+H+)]。
顺式-4-(1-氯-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(25)
将2.46g顺式-4-(2-氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(24,粗产物)在20ml POCl3中加热至100℃。1小时后,将混合物冷却至室温,倾至冰上。加入氢氧化钠将水溶液调至碱性pH,用二氯甲烷萃取三次。合并有机层,经硫酸镁干燥,在减压下除去溶剂,得到1.14g标题化合物粗产物,其未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=0.90min(方法C)。检测质量:277.1/279.2(M+H+)。
顺式-[4-(1-氯-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(26)
将1.14g顺式-4-(1-氯-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(25,粗产物)溶于20ml二氯甲烷。在0℃加入1.17g(5.35mmol)二碳酸二叔丁基酯在5ml二氯甲烷中的溶液,在室温搅拌溶液。1小时后,将溶液用水洗涤,干燥,蒸发,得到1.65g标题化合物,其未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=1.77min(方法C)。检测质量:377.1/379.1(M+H+)。
顺式-[4-(1-苄基氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(27)
从顺式-[4-(1-氯-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(26,粗产物)开始,按照对于反式-N-[4-(1-苄基氧基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-乙酰胺(19)所述工艺,制备标题化合物。最后进行制备型HPLC色谱处理,得到所需产物和具有游离氨基的部分脱保护的衍生物的混合物。Rt=2.01min(方法C)。检测质量:449.2(M+H+)。
顺式-6-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(28)
标题化合物如下制备:在室温于甲醇/2N HCl(1∶1)中搅拌顺式-[4-(1-氯-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(27)。完全转化后,在减压下除去溶剂,残余物通过制备型HPLC纯化。通过将化合物溶于2N HCl并蒸发溶剂,将所得三氟乙酸盐转化为相应的盐酸盐。将残余物溶于水中并冻干后,分离得到所需产物(HCl-盐),为无色固体。Rt=0.75min(方法B)。检测质量:259.2(M+H+)。
还原性胺化反应的通用工艺A:
将0.243mmol胺结构单元(盐酸盐)、0.243mmol醛和0.365mmol三乙胺在3ml HC(OMe)3中于室温搅拌1小时。将混合物冷却至-10℃,加入1.75ml新鲜制备的含有1.215mmol NaHB(OAc)3和1.215mmol HOAc的DMF溶液。继续在-10℃搅拌30分钟,然后使混合物温至室温,在室温放置过夜。加入0.5ml水,将混合物蒸发,溶于DMF,如果得到单-和二-烷基化产物,通过制备型HPLC纯化。将经纯化的产物溶于1ml含HCl的异丙醇(5-6M),在室温放置过夜(从一些产物中裂除BOC/tBu酯基)。加入2ml水,将溶液冻干,得到产物盐酸盐。
根据该工艺,由所述胺和羰基组分得到以下产物的盐酸盐(表1)。
表1:
还原性胺化反应的通用工艺B:
将150mg(0.46mmol) 6-顺式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-氯-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐(10)溶于10ml甲醇。加入分子筛4A、92.3mg(0.57mmol)三乙胺、273.8mg(4.56mmol)乙酸和0.57mmol相应的醛后,滴加86.0mg(1.37mmol)氰基硼氢化钠溶液,在室温搅拌混合物,直至获得完全转化。在某些情况下有必要加热混合物至70℃以获得完全转化。分离产物时,将溶液过滤,在减压下除去溶剂。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用1N NaOH和饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。如果得到单或双烷基化的产物,将其通过制备型HPLC纯化或从甲醇盐酸溶液沉淀。
将所得三氟乙酸盐在2N HCl/甲醇中搅拌,蒸发,溶于水中并冻干,得到所需盐酸盐产物。
将Boc-保护的产物在蒸发含有0.1%TFA的HPLC-产物级分期间脱保护,或在随后于2N HCl/甲醇中搅拌期间脱保护。
根据该工艺,由胺(10)和所述醛获得以下产物的盐酸盐(表2)。
表2:
7-溴-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(93)
从(92)开始,按照对于7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(5)所述方法,制备标题化合物。Rt=0.93min(方法C)。检测质量:242.2/244.2(M+H+)。
7-溴-1-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(94)
从7-溴-6-氟-异喹啉2-氧化物(93)开始,根据对于1,7-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(6)所述工艺合成所需产物。Rt=1.70min(方法C)。检测质量:260.0/262.0(M+H+)。
7-溴-6-氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(95)
将12.9g(49.5mmol)7-溴-1-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(94)溶于250ml乙酸。加入38.7g(0.5mol)乙酸铵后,将溶液在100℃搅拌。3小时后,在减压下除去溶剂,将残余物倾至水中。过滤沉淀,干燥,得到9.91g(83%)标题化合物。Rt=1.15min(方法C)。检测质量:242.2/244.1(M+H+)。
7-溴-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(96)
将9.66g(39.9mmol)7-溴-6-氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(95)溶于180ml二甲基乙酰胺,加入1.92g(48.0mmol)氢化钠(60%)。在室温1小时后,加入7.50g(48.0mmol)4-甲氧基苄基氯在25ml二甲基乙酰胺中的溶液。在室温搅拌混合物,直至获得完全转化。在减压下除去溶剂,将残余物置于饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取三次。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发,得到16.8g深色油,为粗产物,将其在甲醇中搅拌。过滤沉淀,得到6.56g标题化合物,为黄色固体。蒸发母液,残余物通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到另外2.62g所需产物。Rt=1.71min(方法C)。检测质量:362.3/364.3(M+H+)。
6-顺式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-溴-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(97)
将135mg(0.625mmol)顺式-(4-羟基-环己基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯溶于2.5ml二甲基乙酰胺,加入30mg(0.75mmol)氢化钠(60%)。在室温搅拌15分钟后,加入181mg(0.5mmol)7-溴-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(96),继续搅拌。为获得完全转化,3小时后加入另外30mg氢化钠(60%)。搅拌过夜后,加入2ml乙酸,继而加入2ml 2N HCl,将混合物在50℃搅拌,直至Boc-基团脱保护完全。在减压下除去溶剂,将残余物溶于饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取三次。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。最后进行制备型HPLC纯化,得到83mg产物,为三氟乙酸盐。Rt=1.31min(方法B)。检测质量:457.2/459.2(M+H+)。
6-顺式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-溴-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(98)
将62mg(0.11mmol)6-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-溴-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮三氟乙酸盐(97)溶于2ml TFA,在微波炉中于140℃加热2小时。在减压下除去溶剂。将残余物溶于2N HCl,用二氯甲烷洗涤两次。合并有机层,用2N HCl萃取,蒸发合并的水溶液。将残余物溶于水并冻干。最后进行制备型HPLC纯化,得到8mg所需产物,为三氟乙酸盐。Rt=0.86min(方法B)。检测质量:337.1/339.1(M+H+)。
6-反式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-溴-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(99)
从反式-(4-羟基-环己基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯和7-溴-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(96)开始,按照对6-顺式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-溴-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(97)所述工艺,合成标题化合物。Rt=1.34min(方法B)。检测质量:457.2/459.2(M+H+)。
6-反式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-溴-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(100)
从6-反式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-溴-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(99)开始,通过对6-顺式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-溴-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(98)所述方法制备所需产物。分离化合物,为三氟乙酸盐。Rt=0.88min(方法B)。检测质量:337.1/339.1(M+H+)。
7-氯-6-氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(101)
从1,7-二氯-6-氟-异喹啉(6)开始,按照对7-溴-6-氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(95)所述工艺,制备标题化合物。Rt=1.11min(方法C)。检测质量:198.2(M+H+)。
7-氯-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(102)
从7-氯-6-氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(101)开始,按照对7-溴-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(96)所述工艺,制备标题化合物。Rt=1.66min(方法C)。检测质量:318.3(M+H+)。
1-苄基氧基-7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(103)
将14.74g(74.6mmol)7-氯-6-氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(101)溶于150ml甲苯。加入30.86g(111.9mmol)碳酸银和15.31g(89.5mmol)苄基溴后,将混合物在80℃搅拌3小时。冷却至室温后,过滤反应混合物,蒸发滤液。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用水洗涤,经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。最后进行制备型HPLC纯化,得到11.63g标题化合物。Rt=2.51min(方法B)。检测质量:288.1/290.1(M+H+)。
芳基氯化物7-氯-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(102)和1-苄基氧基-7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(103)与格利雅试剂在Fe(acac)3催化下反应的通用工艺
将2mmol各芳基氯化物和35.3mg(0.1mmol)乙酰基丙酮酸铁(III)溶于24ml THF,加入2ml NMP。在0℃、氩下经由注射器加入2.4mmol格利雅试剂,将反应物在0℃搅拌10分钟。为获得完全转化,在某些情况下加入另外0.6mmol格利雅试剂,继续搅拌10分钟。
就N-PMB-保护的化合物而言,通过倾入1M HCl淬灭反应。O-苄基保护的类似物通过倾入饱和NH4Cl-溶液淬灭。
将混合物蒸发,将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用水洗涤。有机层经Na2SO4干燥,在减压下除去溶剂。最后进行制备型HPLC纯化,得到所需7-烷基化衍生物。
根据该工艺,由所述芳基氯化物和格利雅试剂获得以下产物(表3)。
表3
6-顺式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-丙基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(109)
将58mg(0.38mmol)顺式4-氨基环己醇盐酸盐溶于10ml二甲基乙酰胺。在氩下加入38mg(0.96mmol)氢化钠(60%),将反应物在室温搅拌30分钟。加入100mg(0.31mmol)6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-丙基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(105)溶液后,在80℃搅拌溶液。为获得完全转化,两次加入同样量的4-氨基环己醇盐酸盐和氢化钠,使温度升至110℃。完全转化后,在减压下除去溶剂。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用水洗涤。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。通过制备型HPLC纯化后,分离所需产物,为三氟乙酸盐。Rt=1.14min(方法C)。检测质量:421.6(M+H+)。
通过对于6-顺式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-丙基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(109)所述工艺,制备以下化合物的三氟乙酸盐(表4):
表4
脱保护N-PMB-保护的异喹啉酮109、110和111
将被保护的起始化合物在TFA中、在微波炉中于140℃加热,直至观察到完全转化。蒸发溶剂,通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到所需脱保护的产物,为三氟乙酸盐,将其溶于2N HCl,蒸发。将残余物溶于水并冻干后,分离化合物,为HCl-盐。
脱保护O-苄基保护的异喹啉酮112
将4-(1-苄基氧基-7-环丙基-异喹啉-6-基氧基)-环己基胺(112)在2N HCl中于室温搅拌,直至完全转化。在减压下蒸发溶剂后,将粗产物通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到所需产物,为三氟乙酸盐。将产物溶于2N HCl,在减压下除去溶剂。将残余物溶于水并冻干后,分离产物,为HCl-盐。
脱保护化合物109至112后,分离以下化合物,为HCl盐(表5):
表5
还原性胺化反应的通用工艺C:
将82mg(0.25mmol)6-反式-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-氯-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐(14)溶于3ml三甲氧基甲烷。加入0.25mmol相应的醛或酮(溶于0.2mlTHF或为固体),继而加入48mg(0.375mmol)三乙胺。在室温1小时后,将溶液冷却至-10℃,加入265mg(1.25mmol)三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠在1.5mlDMF中的溶液,继而加入73.5mg(1.225mmol)乙酸。在0℃ 30分钟后,将溶液置于室温过夜。后处理时,加入0.5ml水,在减压下除去溶剂。残余物通过制备型HPLC纯化。将所得三氟乙酸盐溶于1.0ml 5-6M HCl的异丙醇溶液,置于室温过夜。加入2.0ml水后,冻干溶液,得到所需产物,为HCl-盐。
根据该方法合成以下表6所列化合物,得到HCl盐。
表6
6-[顺式-4-(环丙基甲基-氨基)-环己氧基]-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(125)
利用前述通用方法、采用环丙烷甲醛和顺式-6-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(28)作为原料,获得125的盐酸盐。Rt=1.04min(方法B)。检测质量:313.2(M+H+)。
7-苄基硫基-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(126)
将500mg(1.38mmol)7-溴-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(96)、627.3mg(1.52mmol)苄基硫醇三丁基锡、96.2mg(1.66mmol)新干燥的氟化钾和24.0mg(0.041mmol)XANTPHOS溶于5ml NMP,在室温搅拌15分钟。加入19.0mg(0.021mmol)Pd2dba3后,在100℃搅拌反应混合物。为获得完全转化,加入另外0.01mmol Pd2dba3,在100℃继续搅拌。5小时后,将溶液冷却至室温,用乙酸乙酯(10ml)稀释,用5%KF-溶液处理。将混合物剧烈搅拌15分钟,过滤。分离滤液,有机相用水洗涤两次,用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤1次。经硫酸镁干燥后,蒸发有机层,粗产物通过制备型HPLC纯化。Rt=1.83min(方法C)。检测质量:406.5(M+H+)。
6-(4-氨基-顺式-环己氧基)-7-苄基硫基-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(127)
将90mg(0.59mmol)顺式4-氨基-环己醇盐酸盐溶于10ml二甲基乙酰胺,加入59.3mg(1.48mmol)氢化钠(60%)。在室温搅拌30分钟后,加入200mg(0.49mmol)7-苄基硫基-6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(126)在20ml二甲基乙酰胺中的溶液,将混合物在80℃搅拌1小时,然后在130℃搅拌3小时。加入另外1.2当量顺式4-氨基-环己醇盐酸盐和2.5当量氢化钠,将温度升至160℃。8小时后,将溶液冷却至室温,在减压下除去溶剂。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用水洗涤,经硫酸镁干燥。蒸发溶剂并通过制备型HPLC纯化后,分离标题化合物,为三氟乙酸盐。
Rt=1.18min(方法C)。检测质量:501.6(M+H+)。
N-{4-[7-苄基硫基-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-1-氧代-1,2-二氢-异喹啉-6-基氧基]-顺式-环己基}-乙酰胺(128)
将45mg(0.073mmol)6-(4-氨基-顺式-环己氧基)-7-苄基硫基-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(127)溶于5ml二氯甲烷,加入14.8mg(0.146mmol)三乙胺。在0℃,加入6.9mg(0.088mmol)乙酰氯,在室温搅拌溶液。2小时后,加入二氯甲烷,将溶液用2N HCl和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤。经硫酸镁干燥并蒸发溶剂后,分离标题化合物,为粗产物,其未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=1.53min(方法C)。检测质量:543.6(M+H+)。
6-(4-乙酰基氨基-顺式-环己氧基)-4-氯-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-1-氧代-1,2-二氢-异喹啉-7-磺酰氯(129)
将37mg N-{4-[7-苄基硫基-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-1-氧代-1,2-二氢-异喹啉-6-基氧基]-环己基}-乙酰胺(128,粗产物)溶于5ml二氯甲烷。在0℃,加入16.4mg(0.273mmol)乙酸、4.9mg(0.273mmol)水和273μl(0.273mmol)磺酰氯(1M在二氯甲烷中)。30分钟后,加入乙酸乙酯,将溶液用碳酸氢钠溶液(2%)、水和饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤。有机层经Na2SO4干燥,蒸发。所得粗产物未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=1.55min(方法C)。检测质量:553.5(M+H+)。
N-{4-[4-氯-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-1-氧代-7-氨磺酰基-1,2-二氢-异喹啉-6-基氧基]-顺式-环己基}-乙酰胺(130)
向29mg 6-(4-乙酰基氨基-顺式-环己氧基)-4-氯-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-1-氧代-1,2-二氢-异喹啉-7-磺酰氯(129,粗产物)在2ml THF中的溶液中,加入2ml 33%氨水溶液。在室温1小时后,在减压下除去溶剂,粗产物未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=1.22min(方法C)。检测质量:534.5(M+H+)。
6-(4-氨基-顺式-环己氧基)-4-氯-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-1-氧代-1,2-二氢-异喹啉-7-磺酸酰胺(131)
将32mg N-{4-[4-氯-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-1-氧代-7-氨磺酰基-1,2-二氢-异喹啉-6-基氧基]-顺式-环己基}-乙酰胺(130,粗产物)溶于5ml乙醇和15ml 2N HCl,在90℃加热2小时。在减压下除去溶剂,将残余物溶于6N HCl,继续在90℃加热20分钟。冷却至室温后,蒸发水溶液,分离标题化合物,为HCl-盐(粗产物)。Rt=1.00min(方法C)。检测质量:492.5(M+H+)。
6-(4-氨基-顺式-环己氧基)-4-氯-1-氧代-1,2-二氢-异喹啉-7-磺酸酰胺(132)
将粗制131溶于15ml三氟乙酸,在140℃、微波条件下加热3小时。蒸发溶剂后,粗产物经制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物,为三氟乙酸盐。Rt=0.90min(方法B)。检测质量:372.3(M+H+)。
1-苄基氧基-7-氯-6-(1,4-二氧杂-螺[4.5]癸-8-基氧基)-异喹啉(133)
将1.26g(8.34mmol)二氧杂-螺[4.5]癸-8-醇溶于50ml二甲基乙酰胺,加入695.2mg(17.4mmol)氢化钠(60%)。在室温搅拌30分钟后,加入2.0g(6.95mmol)1-苄基氧基-7-氯-6-氟-异喹啉(103)在50ml二甲基乙酰胺中的溶液,在室温继续搅拌。1小时后,在减压下除去溶剂。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用水洗涤。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发,得到3.30g粗产物,其未经进一步纯化即使用。Rt=2.05min(方法C)。检测质量:426.5(M+H+)。
7-氯-6-(4-氧代-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(134)
将3.30g 1-苄基氧基-7-氯-6-(1,4-二氧杂-螺[4.5]癸-8-基氧基)-异喹啉(133,粗产物)在30ml 6N HCl/丙酮(1∶2)中于室温搅拌。3小时后,将反应混合物倾至饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。粗产物通过制备型HPLC纯化。Rt=1.34min(方法B)。检测质量:292.0(M+H+)。
从7-氯-6-(4-氧代-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(134)开始,类似于还原氨化反应的通用工艺B,合成以下化合物,为盐酸盐。(表7):
表7
6-(反式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(137)
a)6-氟-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮
在0℃向10.0g(55.5mmol)3-氟-4-甲基-肉桂酸在80ml丙酮中的溶液相继加入含6.74g(66.6mmol)三乙胺的10ml丙酮,继而加入7.83g(72.2mmol)氯甲酸乙酯。在0至5℃搅拌2小时后,加入4.0g(61.1mmol)叠氮化钠在9.5ml水中的溶液。搅拌另外1小时后,将反应混合物倾至200ml冰水上,用氯仿萃取两次。有机相经硫酸镁干燥,加入40ml二苯醚,在真空中小心除去氯仿。然后将残余物滴加至50ml已预热至245℃的二苯醚中。完全加入后,将其进一步在230-250℃搅拌1小时。冷却至150℃后,将反应混合物倾至270ml庚烷,进一步在冰浴中冷却后,抽吸过滤沉淀的产物,得到4.1g 6-氟-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮。
b)6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮
向9.17g(51.8mmol)6-氟-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮在80ml DMF中的溶液加入20.2g(62.1mmol)碳酸铯,然后加入8.92g(56.9mmol)4-甲氧基苄基氯。在室温搅拌90分钟后,将反应混合物倾至600ml水中,搅拌1小时,然后抽吸分离沉淀的产物。由母液通过色谱法以庚烷/乙酸乙酯(80∶20)分离另外的产物。使合并的产物从乙酸乙酯中重结晶,得到8.39g 6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮。
c)6-(反式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮
向1.48g(9.75mmol)反式-4-氨基环己醇盐酸盐在20ml二甲基乙酰胺中的溶液中加入1.95g(48.77mmol)氢化钠(60%),将混合物搅拌15分钟。随后,加入含2.90g(9.75mmol)6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮的30ml二乙基乙酰胺。将反应混合物加热至80℃达2天。冷却后,将混合物倾至300ml冰水中,沉淀的粗产物通过色谱法纯化。首先用乙酸乙酯/庚烷(2∶1)洗脱剩余的原料,最后用纯甲醇洗脱所需产物,得到1.98g6-(反式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮。
d)6-(反式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐
将2.64g(6.7mmol)6-(反式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮和15.3g(134.5mmol)三氟乙酸在微波炉中于150℃加热2小时。然后在真空中蒸出过量的三氟乙酸,将残余物用130ml 1M盐酸稀释。水相用二氯甲烷洗涤三次,然后将其冻干,得到盐酸盐,使其从异丙醇重结晶。这得到1.1g 6-(反式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(137),为盐酸盐。Rt=0.92min(方法B)。检测质量:273.22(M+H+)。
6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(138)
a)顺式-4-氨基环己醇盐酸盐
在0℃向30.0g(0.265mol)环己酮肟在300ml二氯甲烷和38ml乙醇中的溶液缓慢加入34.5g(0.318mol)次氯酸叔丁酯。将所得深兰色溶液冷却至-20℃,然后加入31.9g(0.398mol)1,3-环己二烯,将混合物在冰箱中于5℃保存两天,直至蓝色消失。将反应混合物浓缩至50%体积,然后缓慢加入600ml二乙醚。搅拌过夜后,将所得沉淀抽吸分离,得到29.0g 2-氧杂-3-氮杂-双环[2.2.2]辛-5-烯盐酸盐。将5.0g(0.045mol)该物质用3.0g(0.013mol)氧化铂在2巴氢压下氢化。7小时后,滤出催化剂,加入20ml 4M盐酸的二噁烷溶液。蒸发后,将残余物从30ml异丙醇中重结晶,得到3.1g顺式-4-氨基环己醇盐酸盐。
b)6-(顺式-4-氨基环己基氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐
如实施例137步骤c和d所述,由2.55g(16.8mmol)顺式-4-氨基环己醇盐酸盐和5.0g(16.8mmol)6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(137,步骤b)制备0.98g 6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐。Rt=0.99min(方法B)。检测质量:273.18(M+H+)。
6-(顺式-4-乙基氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(139)
在5℃将0.2g(0.65mmol)6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐(138)、69mg(0.68mmol)三乙胺和35mg(0.78mmol)乙醛在13ml无水甲醇中搅拌4小时。加入37mg(0.97mol)硼氢化钠后,将混合物在室温搅拌过夜。由于观察到原料胺不完全转化,再次于2小时内相继加入同样量的乙醛和硼氢化钠。进一步搅拌2小时后,将反应混合物用浓盐酸酸化,蒸发甲醇。将水性残余物用乙酸乙酯洗涤,然后用碳酸钾饱和,用二氯甲烷萃取,得到145mg 6-(顺式-4-乙基氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(139)。Rt=0.89min(方法A)。检测质量:301.20(M+H+)。
6-(顺式-4-异丁基氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(140)
类似于实施例139,由0.2(0.65mmol)6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐(138)和异丁醛获得151mg 6-(4-异丁基氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮Rt=1.10min(方法A)。检测质量:329.20(M+H+)。
类似于实施例139和140,由各个胺和醛制备以下化合物(表8)。
表8
6-(顺式-4-二乙基氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(146)
将由150mg(0.49mmol)6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐(实施例138)、38mg(0.63mmol)乙酸、43mg(0.97mmol)乙醛、分子筛和515mg(2.4mmol)三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠在5ml二氯甲烷中的反应混合物搅拌过夜。将反应混合物加至10ml 1M氢氧化钠溶液,用二氯甲烷和异丙醇的混合物萃取两次。干燥、蒸发后,获得122mg 6-(顺式-4-二乙基氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(146)。Rt=0.99min(方法B)。检测质量:329.17(M+H+)。
6-(顺式-4-异丙基氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(147)
类似于实施例146,由150mg(0.49mmol) 6-(顺式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐(138)通过与丙酮反应,获得121mg 6-(顺式-4-异丙基氨基-环己氧基)-7-甲基-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(147)。Rt=1.07min(方法B)。检测质量:315.13(M+H+)。
2,2,2-三氟-N-(反式-4-羟基-环己基)-乙酰胺(148)
将25g反式-4-氨基环己醇盐酸盐混悬于250ml无水二噁烷,加入30ml甲醇钠溶液(30%的甲醇溶液,1当量)。加入39.3ml三氟乙酸乙酯,搅拌反应混合物,直至反应完全。将反应混合物蒸发,置于50ml 0.1N HCl中,用二氯甲烷∶异丙醇3∶1萃取数次。合并有机层,用0.1N HCl和盐水萃取一次,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发至干,得到29.0g 148。Rt=0.69min(方法C)。检测质量:212.2(M+H+)。
2,2,2-三氟-N-(4-羟基-环己基)-N-甲基-乙酰胺(149)
将5g 2,2,2-三氟-N-(4-羟基-环己基)-乙酰胺(148)溶于25ml二甲基乙酰胺,加入625mg 95%氢化钠,将反应混合物冷却至0℃。缓慢加入1.64ml碘甲烷,使反应混合物温热至室温。完成后,将反应混合物倾至水中,用甲基叔丁基醚萃取三次,合并有机层,用盐水萃取一次,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发至干。将残余物置于水中,冻干以除去剩余的二甲基乙酰胺,得到4.0g产物。Rt=0.95min(方法C)。检测质量:226.2(M+H+)。
反式-4-甲基氨基-环己醇(150)
将2g 2,2,2-三氟-N-(4-羟基-环己基)-N-甲基-乙酰胺(149)混悬于10ml1N HCl,在微波炉中于150°加热,直至完全转化。将所得溶液冻干,将残余物置于水中,再次冻干,共两次,得到1.45g 4-甲基氨基-环己醇(150)。Rt=0.13min(方法C)。检测质量:130.3(M+H+)。
2-(反式-4-甲氧基-苄基)-6-(4-甲基氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(151)
将630mg氢化钠(95%)混悬于40ml二甲基乙酰胺。滴加溶于40ml二甲基乙酰胺中的1.45g 4-甲基氨基-环己醇(150),15分钟后,加入溶于40ml二甲基乙酰胺中的2.48g 6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(177)。将反应混合物在80℃搅拌,直至反应完全。将混合物倾至冰-水混合物,用甲基叔丁基醚萃取三次,合并有机层,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发。加入水,对粗产物进行冻干以除去剩余的二甲基乙酰胺。所得产物的纯度足以用于进一步的转化。Rt=1.24min(方法B),检测质量:393.2(M+H+)。
6-(反式-4-甲基氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(152)
将2.46g 2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-6-(4-甲基氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(151)溶于15ml TFA,在微波炉中于150℃加热2小时。加入甲醇,蒸发反应混合物。将溶液置于1N HCl中,用二氯甲烷萃取三次。合并二氯甲烷层,用1N HCl萃取两次,将合并的HCl层冻干,将残余物置于水中,再次冻干,得到1.31g 6-(4-甲基氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(152),为盐酸盐。Rt=0.81min(方法B)。检测质量:273.2(M+H+)。
通过与合成152所述相同的合成程序,使用适当的烷基卤进行148的烷基化,获得以下两种化合物,为盐酸盐。
6-(反式-4-乙基氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(153)
Rt=0.85min(方法B)。检测质量:287.1(M+H+)。
6-(反式-4-异丙基氨基-环己氧基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(154)
Rt=1.16min(方法B)。检测质量:315.2(M+H+)。
还原氨化反应的通用工艺D:
将250mg 153(或另外的单取代的异喹啉酮胺)溶于8ml二氯甲烷和6ml DMF。加入3当量醛、1.3当量乙酸、300mg分子筛和3当量三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠。将反应混合物在55℃搅拌16小时。将混合物倾至5ml 1NNaOH,加入25ml二氯甲烷和10ml异丙醇。分离有机层,水层用异丙醇∶二氯甲烷1∶3萃取三次。合并有机层,蒸发至干燥,残余物通过HPLC纯化,加入2N盐酸,随后冻干,最终转化为相应的HCl盐。
按照该工艺,制备以下化合物,为游离碱或盐酸盐(表9)。
表9
6-氟-异喹啉酮(176)
将4.8ml(90.3mmol,1.5eq.)亚硫酰氯分批加至10g(60.2mmol)3-氟肉桂酸在44ml氯仿和1ml DMF中的溶液。将反应物加热至回流达2.5小时。然后蒸馏溶剂,得到11.4g粗酰氯,其未经进一步纯化即使用。
将酰氯溶于45ml丙酮。在0℃分批加入8.03g NaN3(123.5mmol,2eq.)。然后加入41ml水,同时保持温度低于5℃。将反应物搅拌另外1.5小时。然后加入55ml氯仿。将混合物用80ml水、继而用40ml盐水萃取。经Na2SO4干燥并过滤后,加入14ml二苯醚,在真空中除去大部分氯仿(未加热)。应避免除去全部氯仿。
在260℃、15分钟内,将含有叠氮化物、二苯醚和剩余氯仿的溶液滴加至10ml三丁基胺在97ml二苯醚中的溶液中。在加入期间可观察到剧烈反应。将反应物在260℃搅拌另外20分钟。冷却至室温后,加入270ml正庚烷。滤出沉淀的产物,用醚洗涤,得到5.65g标题化合物。MS(DCI)检测质量:164.0(M+H+)。
6-氟-2-(4-甲氧基-苄基)-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(177)
将169μL对甲氧基苄基氯(1.24mmol,1.1eq)加至200mg 6-氟-异喹啉酮(176)(1.13mmol)和368mg Cs2CO3(1.36mmol,1.2eq)在3ml DMF中的悬液中。将混合物搅拌2小时,然后倾至冰上。过滤沉淀,用水洗涤,干燥,得到300mg标题化合物。LCMS方法B,保留时间1.76min,检测质量:284.14[M+H]+。
4-乙基-6,7-二氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(178)
通过与对合成176所述相同的方法,使用(3,4-二氟-苯基)-戊-2-烯酸作为原料,获得4-乙基-6,7-二氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(178)。Rt=1.46min(方法B)。检测质量:210.1(M+H+)。所用丙烯酸由相应的醛、以与文献所述类似方式合成(参见例如J.Med.Chem.2005,48,71-90)。
6-(反式-4-氨基-环己氧基)-4-乙基-7-氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(179)
通过与对转化137(步骤b、c和d)所述类似的反应程序、使用178作为原料,合成6-(4-氨基-环己氧基)-4-乙基-7-氟-2H-异喹啉-1-酮(179),为盐酸盐。Rt=0.97min(方法B)。检测质量:305.2(M+H+)。
LC/MS-方法:
固定相:Col YMC Jsphere 33×2
梯度:ACN+0.05%TFA∶H2O+0.05%TFA
5∶95(0min)至95∶5(3.4min)至95∶5(4.4min)
流速 1mL/min
方法B:
固定相:Col YMC Jsphere 33×2
梯度:ACN+0.05%TFA∶H2O+0.05%TFA
5∶95(0min)至95∶5(2.5min)至95∶5(3.0min)
流速 1mL/min
方法C:
固定相: Col YMC Jsphere ODS H80 20×2
梯度: ACN∶H2O+0.05%TFA
4∶96(0min)至95∶5(2.0min)至95∶5(2.4min)
流速 1mL/min
方法D:
固定相: Col YMC Jsphere 33×2.1
梯度: Grad ACN+0.08%FA∶H2O+0.1%FA(甲酸)
5∶95(0min)至95∶5(2.5min)至95∶5(3min)
流速 1.3mL/min
Rho激酶抑制的测定
为测量Rho-激酶抑制,根据以下方案确定IC50值:
缓冲液:25mM Tris pH7.5;0.02%BSA;5%甘油;0.008%TritonX100;2%DMSO;1mM DTT;1mM MgCl2;0,5μCi/孔.γ33P ATP
酶:ROCKII或ROKα)(Upstate,目录编号#14-451)0.1ng/μl
ATP在反应混合物中的终浓度:40μM
生物素化底物,用上述缓冲液稀释至0.25μM(无ATP)
1.10μl Tris缓冲液(±抑制剂)
2.加入30μL酶溶液
3.用30μL混合底物/ATP/ATP33开始反应
4.在室温孵育20分钟
5.用30μL 50mM EDTA停止反应
6.转移50μL终止溶液至抗生蛋白链霉素Flash Plate plus,PerkinElmer,SMP 103A
7.在室温孵育30分钟
8.用300μl PBS/0.1%Tween 20洗涤四次
9.测定孔中的放射活性
在所述测定法中,利用上述实施例中所得各种形式(盐或游离碱)测定了以下产物/化合物并测量了以下活性:
化合物编号 | pIC50 |
10 | +++++ |
11 | +++++ |
12 | +++++ |
13 | +++++ |
14 | +++++ |
20 | +++++ |
29 | +++++ |
37 | +++++ |
41 | +++++ |
44 | +++++ |
45 | +++++ |
46 | +++++ |
48 | +++++ |
53 | ++++ |
56 | +++++ |
58 | +++++ |
65 | +++++ |
66 | ++++ |
67 | +++++ |
化合物编号 | pIC50 |
69 | +++++ |
70 | +++++ |
71 | +++++ |
77 | +++++ |
125 | +++++ |
137 | +++++ |
138 | +++++ |
所给出的活性表示为如下IC50的以10为底的负对数(pIC50):
+: pIC50≤3.0
++: 3.0≤pIC50<4.0
+++ 4.0≤pIC50<5.0
++++: 5.0≤pIC50<6.0
+++++:6.0≤pIC50
Claims (16)
1.式(II)化合物
或式(II’)化合物
其中:
R3是H;
R4是H、卤素或(C1-C4)烷基;
R5是H或卤素;
R6和R6’彼此独立地是
H;
(C1-C6)烷基,其是未取代的或被卤素取代;
(C3-C8)环烷基;
(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基;
(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基,其中的杂环基是未取代的或被(C1-C4)烷基或卤素取代;或
(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基,其中的芳基未被取代或被卤素、(C1-C4)烷基、O-(C1-C4)烷基或-SO2-(C1-C4)烷基取代,其中的烷基是未取代的或被卤素取代;
R7是H、卤素、(C1-C4)烷基、-SO2-NH2或(C3-C6)环烷基;
R8是H;
L是O;且
L连接于环己基环的4位,
n是0;
或它们药学可接受的盐和/或立体异构形式。
2.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R6是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C6)环烷基或(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C6)环烷基,且R6’是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基或(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基。
3.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R6是H或(C1-C6)烷基且R6’是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基或(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C6-C10)芳基。
4.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R6是H或(C1-C6)烷基且R6’是H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C3-C8)环烷基、(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C3-C8)环烷基或(C1-C4)亚烷基-(C5-C10)杂环基。
5.权利要求1的化合物,其中R6是H或(C1-C6)烷基且R6’是H、(C1-C6)烷基或(C3-C8)环烷基。
6.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R6是H且R6’是H、(C1-C6)烷基或(C3-C8)环烷基。
7.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R6和R6’是H。
8.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R5是H。
9.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R4是H或(C1-C4)烷基。
10.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R4是H。
11.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R7是H或卤素。
13.根据权利要求1至12任一项的式(II)或(II’)化合物和/或它们药学可接受的盐和/或其立体异构形式在制备药物中的用途,所述药物用于治疗和/或预防与Rho-激酶和/或Rho-激酶介导的肌球蛋白轻链磷酸酶磷酸化相关的疾病。
14.至少一种根据权利要求1至12任一项的式(II)或(II’)化合物和/或它们药学可接受的盐和/或其立体异构形式在制备用于治疗和/或预防以下疾病的药物中的用途:高血压、肺动脉高压、高眼压症、视网膜病、青光眼、周围循环障碍、周围动脉闭塞疾病、冠心病、心绞痛、心脏肥大、心力衰竭、局部缺血性疾病、终端器官损伤、纤维化肺、纤维化肝、肝衰竭、肾病、肾衰竭、纤维化肾、肾小球硬化、器官肥大、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、成人呼吸窘迫综合征、血栓形成障碍、中风、脑血管痉挛、脑缺血、疼痛、神经元变性、脊髓损伤、阿尔茨海默病、早产、勃起功能障碍、内分泌功能障碍、动脉硬化、前列腺肥大、糖尿病和糖尿病并发症、代谢综合征、血管再狭窄、动脉粥样硬化、炎症、自身免疫疾病、AIDS、骨病、消化道细菌感染、脓毒病或癌症发展和进展。
15.根据权利要求14的用途,其中的终端器官损伤是局部缺血性器官衰竭。
16.药物,包含有效量的至少一种根据权利要求1至12任一项的式(II)或(II’)化合物和/或它们药学可接受的盐和/或其立体异构形式、生理耐受的赋形剂和载体以及酌情包含其他添加剂和/或其他活性成分。
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