CN101055360B - 显示器件以及其驱动方法 - Google Patents
显示器件以及其驱动方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101055360B CN101055360B CN2007100961390A CN200710096139A CN101055360B CN 101055360 B CN101055360 B CN 101055360B CN 2007100961390 A CN2007100961390 A CN 2007100961390A CN 200710096139 A CN200710096139 A CN 200710096139A CN 101055360 B CN101055360 B CN 101055360B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- light
- data line
- transistor
- display device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
- G09G3/342—Control of illumination source using several illumination sources separately controlled corresponding to different display panel areas, e.g. along one dimension such as lines
- G09G3/3426—Control of illumination source using several illumination sources separately controlled corresponding to different display panel areas, e.g. along one dimension such as lines the different display panel areas being distributed in two dimensions, e.g. matrix
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
- G09G2300/046—Pixel structures with an emissive area and a light-modulating area combined in one pixel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0238—Improving the black level
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0613—The adjustment depending on the type of the information to be displayed
- G09G2320/062—Adjustment of illumination source parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/066—Adjustment of display parameters for control of contrast
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
- G09G2330/02—Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation
- G09G2330/021—Power management, e.g. power saving
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Control Of El Displays (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210383139.XA CN102915707B (zh) | 2006-04-14 | 2007-04-13 | 显示器件以及其驱动方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006-112533 | 2006-04-14 | ||
| JP2006112533 | 2006-04-14 | ||
| JP2006112533 | 2006-04-14 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210383139.XA Division CN102915707B (zh) | 2006-04-14 | 2007-04-13 | 显示器件以及其驱动方法 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101055360A CN101055360A (zh) | 2007-10-17 |
| CN101055360B true CN101055360B (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
Family
ID=38191254
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210383139.XA Expired - Fee Related CN102915707B (zh) | 2006-04-14 | 2007-04-13 | 显示器件以及其驱动方法 |
| CN2007100961390A Expired - Fee Related CN101055360B (zh) | 2006-04-14 | 2007-04-13 | 显示器件以及其驱动方法 |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210383139.XA Expired - Fee Related CN102915707B (zh) | 2006-04-14 | 2007-04-13 | 显示器件以及其驱动方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US8159449B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1845514B1 (enExample) |
| JP (8) | JP5322356B2 (enExample) |
| CN (2) | CN102915707B (enExample) |
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| JPH0753132B2 (ja) | 1992-08-31 | 1995-06-07 | 稔 宮下 | 素麺流し機 |
| KR101510653B1 (ko) * | 2007-11-14 | 2015-04-10 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 액정 표시 장치 |
| FR2925746B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-21 | 2010-01-01 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif d'affichage comportant des filtres colores et des elements photoemissifs alignes electroniquement |
| US8284218B2 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2012-10-09 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display device controlling luminance |
| CN102113216B (zh) * | 2008-08-11 | 2013-08-21 | 夏普株式会社 | 电容负载驱动电路和具备该电容负载驱动电路的显示装置 |
| KR101498094B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-29 | 2015-03-05 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 장치 및 그 구동 방법 |
| TWI475544B (zh) * | 2008-10-24 | 2015-03-01 | Semiconductor Energy Lab | 顯示裝置 |
| CN102257558B (zh) | 2008-12-19 | 2015-08-12 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | 用于驱动液晶显示装置的方法 |
| KR102211913B1 (ko) | 2009-02-06 | 2021-02-05 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 표시 장치 구동 방법 |
| JP5448981B2 (ja) | 2009-04-08 | 2014-03-19 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 液晶表示装置の駆動方法 |
| CN102034451A (zh) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-27 | 乐金显示有限公司 | 液晶显示装置 |
| US9935622B2 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2018-04-03 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Comparator and semiconductor device including comparator |
| WO2013008765A1 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-17 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting module, light-emitting device, and method for manufacturing the light-emitting module |
| GB201114771D0 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2011-10-12 | Bae Systems Plc | A display |
| JP6050054B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-09 | 2016-12-21 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 半導体装置 |
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| TWI471839B (zh) * | 2012-04-03 | 2015-02-01 | Wintek Corp | 整合發光元件與電子書的顯示器與其驅動的方法 |
| JP2014032399A (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2014-02-20 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
| JP5877777B2 (ja) | 2012-09-26 | 2016-03-08 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 回転電機、磁極ピース製造方法 |
| US9324971B2 (en) | 2013-03-20 | 2016-04-26 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting module and light-emitting device |
| US9710013B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2017-07-18 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display panel, data processing device, program |
| KR102220553B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-10 | 2021-02-26 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 표시 패널 및 그것을 포함하는 표시 장치 |
| WO2016151429A1 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2016-09-29 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display panel and information processing device |
| WO2016166636A1 (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-20 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display panel, data processor, and method for manufacturing display panel |
| WO2017025835A1 (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-16 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display panel, information processing device, and driving method of display panel |
| JP6791661B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-07 | 2020-11-25 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 表示パネル |
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| WO2017068454A1 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2017-04-27 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display panel, input/output device, and data processing device |
| WO2017081575A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-18 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display device and method for manufacturing the same |
| WO2017086493A1 (ko) | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-26 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 액정 표시 장치 및 그 구동 방법 |
| CN105609058B (zh) * | 2016-01-04 | 2018-09-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 背光源及显示装置 |
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| KR102365543B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-10 | 2022-02-18 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 정보 단말 |
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| TWI709952B (zh) | 2016-07-01 | 2020-11-11 | 日商半導體能源研究所股份有限公司 | 電子裝置、電子裝置的驅動方法 |
| US10332949B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2019-06-25 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus |
| CN107797958B (zh) | 2016-09-06 | 2023-07-28 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | 电子设备、图像显示方法、程序及显示系统 |
| JP2018054901A (ja) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-05 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 表示システムおよび電子機器 |
| JP2018067217A (ja) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-26 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 情報端末及び避難誘導システム |
| US10490130B2 (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2019-11-26 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display system comprising controller which process data |
| JP2019080312A (ja) | 2017-10-23 | 2019-05-23 | アスク インダストリーズ ソシエタ ペル アツィオーニAsk Industries Societa’ Per Azioni | 閉鎖型薄膜を有する拡声器及びその組立方法 |
| CN107967905A (zh) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-04-27 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 验证显示面板时序信号的装置、方法以及显示面板和设备 |
| CN110007520B (zh) * | 2019-04-30 | 2022-06-21 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 背光源、背光模组、显示装置及其显示方法 |
| CN112397037B (zh) * | 2019-08-16 | 2022-12-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 像素驱动电路及其驱动方法、显示面板 |
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| CN114974085B (zh) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-04-07 | 绵阳惠科光电科技有限公司 | 驱动电路、像素单元及显示面板 |
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-
2007
- 2007-04-03 US US11/730,634 patent/US8159449B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-04-03 EP EP20070006970 patent/EP1845514B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-04-13 CN CN201210383139.XA patent/CN102915707B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-04-13 CN CN2007100961390A patent/CN101055360B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2012-04-10 US US13/443,146 patent/US9189997B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2013-06-20 JP JP2013129253A patent/JP2013231985A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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- 2014-08-26 JP JP2014171287A patent/JP2015018264A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2015
- 2015-09-24 US US14/863,500 patent/US20160012783A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2017-08-02 JP JP2017149563A patent/JP2017191345A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-08-10 US US15/673,664 patent/US20170365226A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2018
- 2018-11-20 JP JP2018217048A patent/JP2019035980A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2021
- 2021-06-30 JP JP2021108494A patent/JP7196240B2/ja active Active
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- 2022-12-14 JP JP2022199287A patent/JP7447229B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101055360A (zh) | 2007-10-17 |
| JP2013231985A (ja) | 2013-11-14 |
| JP7447229B2 (ja) | 2024-03-11 |
| US20170365226A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
| US20070242031A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| US8159449B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 |
| JP2016167085A (ja) | 2016-09-15 |
| JP2023041668A (ja) | 2023-03-24 |
| JP2019035980A (ja) | 2019-03-07 |
| US9189997B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 |
| JP5322356B2 (ja) | 2013-10-23 |
| JP2021170120A (ja) | 2021-10-28 |
| EP1845514A2 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
| CN102915707A (zh) | 2013-02-06 |
| JP2017191345A (ja) | 2017-10-19 |
| EP1845514A3 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
| US20160012783A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
| JP2012212140A (ja) | 2012-11-01 |
| EP1845514B1 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
| JP6189475B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
| CN102915707B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
| JP7196240B2 (ja) | 2022-12-26 |
| JP2015018264A (ja) | 2015-01-29 |
| US20120194749A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
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