CN1006795B - 制备含有药理活性鬼臼毒及其衍生物组成的化合物的方法 - Google Patents
制备含有药理活性鬼臼毒及其衍生物组成的化合物的方法Info
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/02—Antiprotozoals, e.g. for leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
本发明与鬼臼毒及其衍生物一类化合物有关,其结构式为式中R1为H或OH,R2为H或CH3提出了可治疗的某些疾病及它们的制造方法。而且,本发明对使用这类化合物治疗一些疾病有关,以及对由该化合物调制成的药剂治疗一些疾病有关,
Description
本发明与药物活性化合物有关。本发明涉及到含有这类化合物的药品的制造以及使用这类化合物来治疗各种疾病。
按照本发明,这类化合物由鬼臼毒及其衍生物组成,它们具有如下结构
式中R1为H或OH,R2为H或CH3。
业已发现,鬼臼毒及其衍生物具有多种显著的药效。例如,它们抑制淋巴T-细胞、“杀伤细胞”)的活性,因此可以用于移植体的抗免疫和排斥反应。而且它们能抑制细胞中期分裂,因此可以用于治疗牛皮癣。这类化合物还对疟原虫、真菌及滤过性病毒等微生物具有生物杀灭作用和生物静力学效应,因此它们可以用于治疗寄生虫疾病(如疟疾)和病毒所致的疾病。此外,这类化合物还可以用作驱肠虫剂。
鬼臼毒是早已知道并已从植物(主要是鬼臼属)中提取的化合物。然而,按照本发明提出的使用纯鬼臼毒类化合物,使之具有了新的广
泛应用前景的可能性。在早期的工作中,从鬼臼属植物提取的是不纯物,谓之“鬼臼树脂”,过去大都是使用这种不纯物,其中含鬼臼毒仅20-40%,其余大量化合物是脱氧鬼臼毒、脱氢鬼臼毒、α-和β-盾叶鬼臼素等,这些化合物的含量取决于提取的次数。业已发现,这些次要成分中有一些具有重要的诱变作用。
纯鬼臼毒的物理性质如下:
熔点:183-184℃(从溶剂中的析出物)
比旋〔α〕20 D:-132.5(CO.2,CHcl3)
水中的溶解度:120毫克/升
鬼臼毒及衍生物可以从植物、特别是从各种鬼臼属植物如爬墙喜马牡丹(P.emodi Wall)和盾叶天竺葵(P.peltatum L.)的根或根茎提取。这种化合物也存在于其它植物中,如桧属中的铅笔柏(J.virginiana L.)。
按照本发明提取高纯的鬼臼毒或它的衍生物,将鬼臼牡丹(Podophyllum emodi)或鬼臼天竺葵(Podophyllum peltatum)的根茎干燥、磨碎成细粉,用乙酸乙酯提取,提取液浓缩和通过硅胶过滤。将鬼臼毒馏分和衍生物馏分分别经酸性氧化铝层析,产生的馏分被证实含有五种木酚素:脱氧鬼臼毒、鬼臼毒酮、异鬼臼苦、鬼臼毒和4′-去甲基鬼臼毒。鬼臼毒或另一种所需的衍生物可将这种混合物小心地通过硅胶柱层析,然后将所需的馏分浓缩至干,经重结晶就可获得。
按照本发明,发现高纯鬼臼毒及其衍生物具有一些极好的药效,可用于治疗一些疾病。根据这一点,本发明也提出了药品的制造方法,这种方法的特点在于由含有鬼臼毒或它的衍生物,或含有鬼臼毒
及其衍生物,与一种或几种药学上可接受的赋形剂一起制成药品。
药品生产上常用的赋形剂,只要对这类活性化合物不起不利的作用,或者不会使互相间产生一些不适宜的影响,这样一些材料就可被采用。这些药品可以做成肠道使用的、非肠道使用的或外用的。例如制成固态产品(片剂、粉剂、胶囊、栓剂),还可以制成半流质产品(如软膏、凝胶或水浆),也可制成液体产品(如溶液、悬浮液或乳浊液)。这些药品中也可加入常用的添加剂以及其它速效活性剂。当确定下某种服用方法的剂型及添加剂后,即可运用配制方法生产出适宜的药品。
掌握这项工艺的人可以根据常规标准,如疾病的严重程度、使用方法、患者的年龄和状况等确定所用的剂量。
按照本发明,鬼臼毒及其衍生物可用于治疗不同的疾病,可归纳为如下几个方面(列出的每一个方面并不限于这些例子)。
1.热带地方病,如疟疾。
2.皮肤病,如牛皮癣、真菌性传染病和局部性秃发症。
3.移植体排斥反应。
4.胶原性疾病(结缔组织疾病),如风湿性关节炎、全身播散性红斑狼疮、硬皮病、结节性多关节炎和类肉瘤病。
5.精神疾病(由病毒引起的),如痴呆症和精神病。
6.神经病学的疾病,如多发性硬化和重症肌无力。
上述疾病的治疗效果,是基于鬼臼毒及其衍生物的一些作用机理。首先,这类化合物能抑制淋巴T-细胞(所谓“杀伤细胞”)的活力,淋巴T-细胞对抗拒移植体排他反应是重要的。其次,这类化合物阻碍细胞中期分裂,这对某些皮肤病如牛皮癣是特别重要的。这
对某些物还对疟原虫、真菌和病毒一类的微生物有生物杀灭作用或生物静力学效应,因此,除疟疾之外由微生物引起的许多疾病都可以治疗。最后,这类化合物还具有驱除肠内寄生虫的性质,因此可以用作肠道寄生虫和其它寄生虫的驱虫剂。
本发明还包括了治疗上述活动性疾病的方法,按照本发明,把一种或几种该类化合物或制剂被提供给患病的生物。
患有上述这些疾病的生物可以是人,也可以是动物。
按照本发明,对鬼臼毒及其衍生物的药理、毒理和临床进行了研究,以便确定它们的疗效。这些研究结果在下面予以讨论。
急性毒性试验
鬼臼毒的急性毒性以各种试验动物和各种给药方法进行了测定。这些结果列于表1。
表1
试验动物 给药方法 急性毒性LD50毫克/公斤
大鼠 静脉注射 10
小鼠 静脉注射 20
小鼠 口服 100
大鼠 外用 500
兔 外用 200
抗疟效果
一些患有镰状疟原虫(Plasmodium falciparum)的疟疾患者接受了临床测试。鬼臼毒以两种不同剂量给药,每天测定受试者的疟原虫数量,记录每毫升血中无性生殖的疟原虫的数目,其结果列于表2。
抗免疫和排斥效应
把绵羊的红血球悬浮液给鼠注射,可产生抑制这种抗原的特殊抗体。在正常情况下,这一反应非常需要T-淋巴细胞和B-淋巴细胞这两种不同的巨噬细胞之间合作,这种作用可以很容易地由供试动物的脾脏来测定。注射红血球后,按剂量逐日注射鬼臼毒即能抑制这种作用。
遗传特性不同的小鼠间进行皮肤移植一般说来在10天内发生排斥作用。业已发现,在许多情况下,使用本发明的化合物,实验组动物的生存时间比对照组要延长15天甚至更多。
在离体研究中也发现,鬼臼毒能抑制由有丝分裂凝集素或非相关个体的外源细胞所造成的细胞的增殖,同时,鬼臼毒还能抑制毒细胞的生长。但是,显著降低剂量时,这些效应就会增强。其它的研究表明,用鬼臼毒处理过的细胞;在24小时之内这些刺激反应将全部恢复。
抗牛皮癣的作用
进行了152名19岁到71岁(平均46.1岁)患有牛皮癣受试者的临床研究。把受试者分成50名、51名和51名的三组,分别用含有0.1%、0.25%和0.5%的鬼臼毒乳剂涂抹身体特定部位的患处,与其它的患处作比较。从开始治疗,及治疗后2、4、8、12和16个星期,分别检查病患程度,其中最后四周期间未用药。研究按双盲法设计,对结果进行了统计处理。
在所有这三个剂量水平组中,经医治的疾患及伴随症状严重程度均得到统计学上的显著性好转(P<0.001)。在治疗两星期后,经治疗的患处与未经治疗的患处间就有了统计学上的显著差异(P<
0.001),这种差异随治疗进程而增加。在第五次检查时,有70-75%的受试者症状消失或仅有轻度症状,只有两个受试者未经治疗的患处出现相应的好转。跟踪到13至16个星期,经治疗患处的症状没有发生恶化,只有11个受试者出现了轻微的皮疹。这些副作用在停药后也就消失了。在三个受试组间出现副作用数量的差异没有统计学意义(P约为0.50)。
Claims (1)
1、制备一种由鬼臼毒或它的衍生物组成的化合物的方法,它们的结构式为:
其中R1为H或OH,R2为H或CH3,其特征在于将鬼臼属植物的一些部位用乙酸乙酯提取,提取液被浓缩,通过硅胶过滤,再经酸性氧化铝层析,主馏分在硅胶柱上层析,最后把所要的产物重结晶。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8406660 | 1984-12-28 | ||
SE8406660-4 | 1984-12-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN85109666A CN85109666A (zh) | 1986-10-29 |
CN1006795B true CN1006795B (zh) | 1990-02-14 |
Family
ID=20358339
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN85109666A Expired CN1006795B (zh) | 1984-12-28 | 1985-12-27 | 制备含有药理活性鬼臼毒及其衍生物组成的化合物的方法 |
Country Status (23)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4788216A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0207124B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JPH0720966B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1006795B (zh) |
AP (1) | AP32A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE68186T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU585936B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1255230A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3584370D1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK169506B1 (zh) |
DZ (1) | DZ876A1 (zh) |
EG (1) | EG17788A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES8701761A1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI89330C (zh) |
GR (1) | GR853145B (zh) |
HU (1) | HU201672B (zh) |
IL (1) | IL77456A (zh) |
MA (1) | MA20602A1 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO863329D0 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT81760B (zh) |
TN (1) | TNSN86004A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1986004062A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA859881B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4644072A (en) * | 1985-04-12 | 1987-02-17 | Bristol-Myers Company | Intermediates for the production of epipodophyllotoxin and related compounds and processes for the preparation and use thereof |
DE69033342T2 (de) * | 1989-02-23 | 2000-05-11 | University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill | Etoposidanaloge |
SE464167B (sv) | 1989-07-31 | 1991-03-18 | Analytecon Sa | Topisk farmaceutisk beredning av podophyllotoxin |
US5332811A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1994-07-26 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Etopside analogs |
US5338867A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1994-08-16 | Genelabs Technologies, Inc. | Preparation of 4β- amino podophyllotoxin compounds |
SE9301831D0 (sv) * | 1993-05-28 | 1993-05-28 | Analytecon S A | Pharmaceutical compositions |
GB9422947D0 (en) * | 1994-11-14 | 1995-01-04 | Univ Salamanca | Immunosuppressive cyclolignan derivatives |
US6051721A (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 2000-04-18 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska | Ring E-modified analogues of(-)-podophyllotoxin and etoposide and a method for their synthesis |
FI105152B (fi) | 1998-07-17 | 2000-06-30 | Eero Saarela | Paikallinen kivunlievitysmenetelmä |
US6143304A (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2000-11-07 | The University Of Mississippi | Enhanced yield of podophyllotoxin from natural products through in situ conversion methods |
KR20040030686A (ko) * | 2001-06-19 | 2004-04-09 | 악셀라르 아베 | 시클로리그난의 신규의 용도 및 신규의 시클로리그난 |
SE0102168D0 (sv) | 2001-06-19 | 2001-06-19 | Karolinska Innovations Ab | New use and new compounds |
SE0203746D0 (sv) * | 2002-12-18 | 2002-12-18 | Karolinska Innovations Ab | New compounds |
US20110178050A1 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2011-07-21 | Axelar Ab | Use of cyclolignans for the treatment of a hyperactive immune system |
EP2817007A1 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2014-12-31 | Nestec S.A. | Peltatin for the treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders |
WO2015028456A1 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-03-05 | Nestec S.A. | PPAR modulators |
JOP20190254A1 (ar) | 2017-04-27 | 2019-10-27 | Pharma Mar Sa | مركبات مضادة للأورام |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA635769A (en) * | 1962-01-30 | Rutschmann Jurg | Amides of podophyllic acid and picropodophyllic acid | |
SE335139B (zh) * | 1964-08-12 | 1971-05-17 | Sandoz Ag | |
US4122092A (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1978-10-24 | University Of Rochester | Total synthesis of (±)-picropodophyllone and (±)-4'-demethylpicropodophyllone |
US4567253A (en) * | 1984-02-03 | 1986-01-28 | Tony Durst | 2-Substituted derivatives of podophyllotoxin and etoposide |
GB8424269D0 (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1984-10-31 | Pharma Medica As | Isolation and purification of podophyllotoxin |
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1985
- 1985-12-20 DE DE8686900345T patent/DE3584370D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-12-20 JP JP61500490A patent/JPH0720966B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-12-20 AT AT86900345T patent/ATE68186T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-20 EP EP86900345A patent/EP0207124B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-12-20 AU AU53003/86A patent/AU585936B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-12-20 WO PCT/SE1985/000541 patent/WO1986004062A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1985-12-20 US US06/908,801 patent/US4788216A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-12-20 HU HU86777D patent/HU201672B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-23 AP APAP/P/1985/000017A patent/AP32A/en active
- 1985-12-24 CA CA000498645A patent/CA1255230A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-25 EG EG828/85A patent/EG17788A/xx active
- 1985-12-26 MA MA20828A patent/MA20602A1/fr unknown
- 1985-12-26 PT PT81760A patent/PT81760B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-26 IL IL77456A patent/IL77456A/xx unknown
- 1985-12-27 GR GR853145A patent/GR853145B/el not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-27 ES ES550504A patent/ES8701761A1/es not_active Expired
- 1985-12-27 CN CN85109666A patent/CN1006795B/zh not_active Expired
- 1985-12-28 DZ DZ850275A patent/DZ876A1/fr active
- 1985-12-30 ZA ZA859881A patent/ZA859881B/xx unknown
-
1986
- 1986-01-09 TN TNTNSN86004A patent/TNSN86004A1/fr unknown
- 1986-08-19 NO NO1986863329A patent/NO863329D0/no unknown
- 1986-08-27 FI FI863482A patent/FI89330C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-27 DK DK408186A patent/DK169506B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-10-14 JP JP6274258A patent/JP2572558B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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