CN100362725C - 非接触式充电系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开了一种非接触式充电系统。所述非接触式充电系统检测置于非接触式充电器平台上的便携式终端、电池组或者外部物体,并且通过检测有效监视和控制充电状态,从而防止置于平台上的外部物体被感应加热,并且进一步在对所述便携式终端或者电池组进行充电期间产生负离子,从而杀灭终端上的细菌并且保持附近空气清新。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及一种非接触式充电系统,并且尤其涉及一种如下的非接触式充电系统,其检测置于非接触式充电器平台上的便携式终端、电池组或者外部物体,并且通过该检测高效地监视和控制其充电状态,从而防止置于平台上的外部物体被感应加热,以及引起在对所述便携式终端或者电池组进行充电期间产生负离子,从而杀灭终端上的细菌并且保持附近周围的空气清新。
背景技术
通常的,随着通信和信息处理技术的发展,携带方便的便携式设备例如手机等得到越来越广泛的使用。随着技术发展,效率得到改进的新型终端正在不断得到普及。
为了对这样的便携式设备充电,使用了接触式充电方法,或者为了解决所述接触式充电方法中接触终端暴露在外导致的问题而采用使用没有电接触的电磁耦合的非接触式充电方法来给电池充电。
对应于所述非接触式充电器的相关技术,提出了使用磁性主芯通过电池组和充电设备之间的无线通信进行充电的方法,例如先前提交的未审查的名称为“Contactless Type Charging Device Of Storage Battery For MobileDevice Using Induction Coupling”(“使用感应耦合的移动设备蓄电池非接触式充电设备”)的韩国专利No.2002-0035242,以及为了解决使用变压器的磁性主芯的问题而在印刷电路基底上形成线路的方法,例如先前提交的未审查的名称为“Coreless Ultra Thin Type Printed Circuit SubstrateTransformer And Non-contact Battery Charger Using Printed CircuitSubstrate Transformer”(“无芯超薄型印刷电路基底变压器和使用印刷电路基底变压器的非接触式电池充电器”)的韩国专利No.2002-0057469。
本发明提出了构建无线充电平台以执行非接触充电功能的技术,配置为将便携式设备的电池组置于无线充电平台上以执行非接触充电功能,并且允许通过“Wireless Charging Pad And Battery Pack Employing RadioFrequency Identification Technology”(“采用射频标识技术的无线充电平台和电池组”,先前提交的韩国专利申请No.2004-48286)进行非接触充电。
然而,在检测置于非接触充电平台上的便携式设备或者电池组时,传统技术依赖于通过读取器天线向外发送射频(RF)载波信号,然后检测是否存在返回信号,因此存在检测电池组和通过检测对充电状态进行监视和控制受到限制的问题。
而且,当放置电池组或者便携式设备之外的其他物体例如硬币、金属笔、剪刀等等(此后称为外部物体)在非接触式充电平台上时,也会持续进行功率发射,从而存在放置在非接触充电平台上的外部物体被感应加热的问题。
而且,非接触式充电平台仅具有对终端或者电池组充电的功能,从而存在有效性降低的问题。
发明内容
因此,本发明着眼于现有技术中存在的上述问题,并且本发明的一个目标是提供一种非接触式充电系统,其根据类型检测置于非接触式充电器平台上的便携式终端、电池组或者外部物体,并且通过检测监视和控制其充电状态,从而防止置于平台上的所述外部物体被加热温度升高。
本发明的另一个目标是提供一种非接触式充电系统,其中为非接触充电平台提供了对终端进行灭菌的功能,并且使得从所述非接触充电平台产生负离子,从而使得终端使用卫生并且保持周围空气清新。
本发明的又一个目标是提供一种非接触式充电系统,其中非接触充电平台中包含的主芯单元设置为使得其中央部分可以从中穿过的形式,从而简化其结构,可以在预定位置进行充电并且可以提高其使用有效性。
为了实现上述目标,本发明提供了一种非接触式充电系统,该系统具有通过由接收电能的非接触式充电器(A)产生的感应电动势充电的电池组(B),其中所述非接触式充电器(A)包括连接到电能输入端的电磁波滤波器100用于阻断交流(AC)电能导致的电磁波;主整流电路110用于将其电磁波的已经被阻断的AC电能整流为直流(DC)电能;回扫转换器110’用于在内置晶体管导通时存储从主整流电路110传输的电能,并且该回扫转换器110’在所述内置晶体管关断时提供输入电压给门驱动器160、中央处理单元180以及离子产生单元182,并且该回扫转换器110’提供驱动电压给串联共振型转换器120;置于回扫转换器110’和串联共振型转换器120之间的电流检测单元170用于检测由于电池组(B)置于非接触式充电器(A)上导致的电流变化,并且根据电流变化输出比较电流;中央处理单元180用于通过使用从电流检测单元170输出的比较电流而检测电池组(B)是否置于非接触式充电器(A)上,根据电池组(B)是否置于非接触式充电器(A)上以及温度保护电路单元183的电流控制门驱动器160,在发生异常操作或者放置在非接触式充电平台上的外部物体的温度超过预定温度时而停止门驱动器160的切换;门驱动器160用于在中央处理单元180的控制下输出门信号;串联共振型转换器120用于响应于从门驱动器160输出的门信号而调整提供给主芯单元130的电压和电流的波形;以及主芯单元130,由串联共振型转换器120进行切换以产生感应电动势。
门驱动器160允许在串联共振型转换器120中提供的两个切换设备交替导通,以响应门驱动器160在中央处理单元180控制下输出的门信号,从而通过对耦合到各切换设备的并联电容进行充电和放电而调整提供给主芯单元130的输入电压和电流的波形。
电流检测单元170连接到与回扫转换器110’的输出端和串联共振型转换器120的输入端连接的电阻的两端,所述电流检测单元170包括差分放大器171,从电阻两端输出的信号输入到所述差分放大器171;以及比较器和低频滤波器172,耦合到差分放大器171的输出端并且通过将差分放大器171的输出电压与预定参考电压比较而检测电流变化,根据电流变化而滤出比较电流,并且将该比较电流输出。
中央处理单元180配置为处理从烟雾(dust and odor)传感器181反馈的信息并且切换离子产生单元182的操作模式。
主芯单元130配置为使得主线圈(P线圈1和P线圈2)缠绕在其内形成了中央开口132的板芯构件131的周围。
板芯构件131具有多边形、圆形或者椭圆形状,其外层覆有若干无定型金属或者铁氧材料片。
主线圈(P线圈1和P线圈2)并联或者串联的缠绕在板芯构件131周围。
电池组(B)包括:第二芯单元210,配置为通过主芯单元130感应电能;耦合到第二芯单元210的次线圈(S线圈1)的第二整流电路单元200,用于整流感应电能;充电控制单元230,包括充电调整电路230a,所述充电调整电路230a用于为电池容量度量单元230b提供通过第二整流电路200整流的电能,并且为射频标识(RFID)控制单元提供电压以响应第二整流电路200的输出,以及电池容量度量单元230b,所述电池容量度量单元230b用于通过保护电路240将从充电调整电路230a提供的电能提供给电池BAT,并且产生充电状态信息以及在监视电池BAT的充电状态时周期性记录所述信息;以及在充电控制单元230和电池(BAT)之间耦合的保护电路单元240用于依赖于电池(BAT)的充电状态而控制是否执行充电或者放电。
在电池组(B)的第二芯单元210和电池盒250之间插入膜状的屏蔽板260,并且保护电路单元240被屏蔽构件241包围。
充电控制单元230通过集成电路形成,所述集成电路通过使用第二整流电路200整流的电能优化执行对电池(BAT)进行充电和放电控制的充电控制功能,和优化执行在监视电池(BAT)充电状态时产生充电状态信息并且周期性记录所产生信息的电池容量度量功能。
所述电池组(B)还包括耦合于第二整流电路200与充电调整电路230a之间的外部物体检测单元220,该外部物体检测单元220在包含第二芯单元210的电池组(B)置于非接触式充电器(A)上的同时检测瞬时电能并且允许通过在一定时间周期内将开关Q3保持在关断状态而保持无负载状态,以及允许在无负载状态保持一定时间周期后通过将开关Q3保持在导通状态而将无负载状态切换到负载状态,从而通过负载调制通知主芯单元的主线圈包含第二芯单元210的电池组(B)已经置于非接触式充电器(A)上,并且所述外部物体检测单元220同时提供电能给充电控制单元230。
根据本发明,添加了用于检测置于非接触充电器平台上的便携式终端、电池组或者外部物体,并且通过被添加的检测而有效监视和控制其充电状态的组件,从而整个电路的有效性得到改进,并且可以防止外部物体通过感应加热而被加热。
而且,为非接触式充电平台提供了对终端灭菌的功能并且产生负离子,从而终端可以卫生使用并且附近周围的空气可以保持清新。
而且,在非接触充电平台中包含的主芯单元设置为使得其中央部分可以从中穿过的形式,从而简化其结构,可以在预定位置进行充电并且可以提高其使用有效性。
附图说明
图1是显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统的构造的结构图;
图2和图3是显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统中设置的主芯单元的透视图;
图4、图5和图6为显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统中设置的主芯单元的使用的透视图;
图7为显示依赖于根据本发明的非接触式充电系统中设置的串联共振型转换器中各个操作模式的磁场旋转方向的图示;
图8为显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统中设置的电池组的构造的透视图;
图9为显示当其中包含第二芯单元的电池组放置于根据本发明的非接触式充电系统上时执行的算法的图示;
图10为显示当金属制成的外部物体放置于根据本发明的非接触式充电系统上时执行的算法的图示;以及
图11为显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统的算法和状态的图示。
具体实施方式
下面参考附图详细描述本发明的实施例。
当公知功能或者与本发明描述相关的构造的细节被认为可能不必要的模糊本发明实质时,这些细节将被略去。
图1是显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统的构造的结构图。
根据本发明的非接触式充电系统包括电池组B,该电池组B通过由接收电源的非接触式充电器(A)产生的感应电动势进行充电。
图1所示的非接触式充电器A,使用连接到无线充电平台的电源输入端的电磁波滤波器100阻断由交流(AC)电源(110/220V)输入而导致的电磁波,并且主整流电路110将已经阻断电磁波的AC电源整流为DC电源。回扫转换器110’包含晶体管,在内置晶体管被开启时存储从主整流电路110传输的电能。相反的,回扫转换器110’在所述内置晶体管关断时同时提供输入电压给门驱动器160、中央处理单元180以及离子产生单元182,并且该回扫转换器110’提供驱动电压给串联共振型转换器120。
电流检测单元170置于回扫转换器110’和串联共振型转换器120之间,检测由于电池组(B)置于非接触式充电器(A)上导致的电流变化,并且根据电流变化输出比较电流。
为了此目的,电流检测单元170连接到与回扫转换器110’的输出端和串联共振型转换器120的输入端的电阻的两端,具有差分放大器171,从电阻两端输出的信号输入到所述差分放大器171;以及耦合到差分放大器171的输出端的比较器和低频滤波器172。电流检测单元170通过将差分放大器171的输出电压与预定参考电压比较而检测电流变化,根据电流变化量而滤出比较电流,并且输出该比较电流。
中央处理单元180通过从电流检测单元170输出的比较电流而检测电池组B是否置于非接触式充电器(A)上,不但根据电池组B是否置于非接触式充电器(A)上还根据温度保护电路单元183的电流而控制门驱动160从而在发生异常操作或者放置在非接触式充电平台上的外部物体的温度超过预定温度时停止切换门驱动160。而且,中央处理单元180执行从烟雾(dust andodor)传感器181回馈信息的确定并且切换离子产生单元182的操作模式。
门驱动器160在中央处理单元180的控制下输出门信号,串联共振型转换器120响应于从门驱动器160输出的门信号而调整提供给主芯单元130的电压和电流的波形。
为了此目的,门驱动器160允许在串联共振型转换器120中提供的两个切换设备交替导通以响应门驱动器160在中央处理单元180控制下输出的门信号,并且允许通过对耦合到各个切换设备的并联电容进行充电和放电而调整提供给主芯单元130的输入电压和电流的波形。
串联共振型转换器120配置为通过门信号调整提供给主芯单元130的电压和电流的波形。主芯单元130配置为通过串联共振型转换器120切换,从而产生感应电动势。
图2和图3是显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统中设置的主芯单元的透视图,并且图4、图5和图6为显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统中设置的主芯单元的使用的透视图。
如图所示,主芯单元130配置为使得主线圈P线圈1和P线圈2缠绕在板芯构件131的周围,板芯构件131中形成了中央开口132,并且配置为外层覆有具有高导磁率(>80,000)和完整特性的无定型金属或者铁氧材料片,例如钴(Co)、铁(Fe)、镍(Ni)、硼(B)或者硅(Si)。尽管板芯构件131具有多边形形状,但除了多边形形状之外,它也可以形成为圆形或者椭圆形状。中央开口132配置为提供能够减少材料使用量和最大化热辐射面积的功能。
主线圈P线圈1和P线圈2配置为串联或者并联的缠绕在板芯构件131周围,并且优选的使用单线、双线、绞合线或者铜箔。P线圈1和P线圈2的开始点通过在相同方向缠绕线圈而形成,P线圈1和P线圈2的终止点配置为分别与Lr和Lr’匹配,并且使用两个串联共振型转换器进行切换。
在此情况下,受到驱动的切换调整信号Q1的相位和信号Q2的相位,由此引起LC共振,从而在第二线圈中存储能量。
而且,P线圈1和P线圈2的切换图形被交替产生,从而图7所示的磁场旋转360°,并且可以存储感应能量而不管在单个方向上缠绕的第二线圈的位置。
同时,当具有如图4和图5所示构造的主芯单元130置于电路134的一侧或者两侧上并且使用时,可以同时对多个便携式终端或者电池组进行充电,从而可以提高效率。
而且,如图6所示,主芯单元130和130’可以串联或者并联的置于电路134的一侧上。
在电池组B中,如图1所示,在从主芯产生的电能通过第二芯单元210的次线圈S线圈1传递到共振电容Cs时引起共振,并且通过共振产生的正弦AC通过第二整流电路200整流为直流(DC)。
所述电池组(B)还包括耦合于第二整流电路200与充电调整电路230a之间的外部物体检测单元220,通过第二整流电路200整流后的电能被提供给外部物体检测单元220,并且所提供的电能响应于外部物体检测单元220的输出而被提供给充电调整电路230a。
在此情况下,外部物体检测单元220在包含第二芯单元210也就是第二模块的电池组B放置于非接触式充电器A上的同时检测电能,并且通过在预定时间内(数十毫秒)保持开关Q3为关断状态而保持无负载状态(电流检测单元的电流低于无负载参考值)。当无负载状态经过了预定时间周期后,外部物体检测单元220通过将开关Q3保持在导通状态而被切换到负载状态(电流检测单元的电流高于无负载参考值),并且通过负载调制通知主芯单元的主线圈包含第二芯单元210的电池组B已经放置于非接触式充电器A上,并且所述外部物体检测单元220同时提供电能给充电控制单元230。
接着,当充电完成时,电流检测单元170的电流变得低于无负载状态的参考值,并且同时第二芯单元210再次进入无负载状态,从而通过发光二极管(LED)或者液晶显示器(LCD)表明满充电状态。
充电控制单元230包括充电调整电路230a和电池容量度量单元230b,并且执行充电调整和电池容量度量功能。充电调整电路230a为电池容量度量单元230b提供通过第二整流电路200整流的电能,并且为RFID控制单元(未显示)提供电压以响应第二整流电路200的输出。电池容量度量230b通过保护电路240将从充电调整电路230a提供的电能提供给电池BAT,产生充电状态信息并且在监视电池BAT的充电状态的同时在RFID控制单元(未显示)中周期性记录所述信息。保护单元耦合在充电控制单元230和电池BAT之间,并且根据电池BAT是充电还是放电而调整电池BAT的充电和放电。
在RFID控制单元(未显示)中,电池BAT的RFID信息被存储,并且同时周期性记录充电状态信息。当接收RF载波时,RFID控制单元响应于所接收的RF载波而产生包含所存储的RFID和电池BAT的充电状态信息的RFID数据,对所述RFID数据进行调制,并且通过标签天线无线发送调制后的RFID数据。电池BAT根据保护电路单元240的调整而进行充电。
充电控制单元230通过集成电路形成,所述集成电路通过使用第二整流电路200整流的电能优化执行对电池BAT进行充电和放电控制的充电控制功能,以及优化执行在监视电池BAT充电状态时产生充电状态信息并且周期性记录所产生信息的电池容量度量功能。
图8为显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统中设置的电池组的构造的透视图。如图8所示,电池组B配置为使得在第二芯单元210和电池盒250之间插入膜状的屏蔽板260,从而防止电池BAT的温度由于电磁场感应产生的感应电动势而上升,从而提高电池组B的稳定性,并且还配置为通过减小感应电动势导致的电磁场的干扰而产生足够的电动势,从而提高充电速度。
而且,当在保护电路单元240周围设置能够阻断电磁场的屏蔽构件241时,可以防止影响保护电路单元240内设置的不同构件。屏蔽构件241形成为盒状以包围保护电路单元240。优选的通过塑模形成整个保护电路单元240。
下面参考图9至图11描述使用无线充电平台对电池组B充电的程序示例。
图9为显示当其中包含第二芯单元的电池组放置于根据本发明的非接触式充电系统上时执行的算法的图示。图10为显示当金属制成的外部物体放置于根据本发明的非接触式充电系统上时执行的算法的图示。图11为显示根据本发明的非接触式充电系统的算法和状态的图示。
首先,外部物体检测单元220在电池组B置于无线充电平台上的同时检测瞬间电能,并且允许通过在一定时间周期内将开关Q3保持在关断状态而保持无负载状态。
此后,外部物体检测单元220在该时间周期内保持电流检测单元170的电流变得低于无负载参考值的状态,然后允许通过将开关Q3保持在导通状态而将无负载状态切换到负载状态。此时,电流检测单元170的电流变得高于无负载参考值,从而外部物体检测单元220通过负载调制通知主芯单元的主线圈表明包含第二芯单元210的电池组B已经置于非接触充电器A上,并且外部物体检测单元220同时提供电能给充电控制单元230。
此后,当充电完成时,电流检测单元170的电流变得小于无负载状态参考值,并且同时第二芯单元210进入无负载状态,从而通过LED或者LCD表明满充电状态。
同时,外部物体检测单元220提供电能给充电控制单元230,并且离子产生单元182的操作模式通过允许中央处理单元180确定从烟雾传感器181反馈的信息而切换,从而通过离子产生单元182产生的多个离子散播到无线充电平台周围的区域。因此,可以杀死电池组上的细菌并且同时可以净化无线充电平台周围的空气。
同时,开关Q3在一定时间周期内保持关断状态,并且通过在电池组B放置于无线充电平台上的同时检测瞬间电能而保持无负载状态,并且提供低于参考值的电流并且然后通过中央处理单元180阻断,电流检测单元170和温度保护电路单元183的电流提供给中央处理单元180,从而可以防止过热损坏。
上述本发明可以根据本领域技术人员的需要而进行各种修改,然而这些修改都在本发明范围内而不背离本发明的基本概念。
Claims (11)
1.一种非接触式充电系统,具有通过由接收电能的非接触式充电器(A)产生的感应电动势充电的电池组(B),其中所述非接触式充电器(A)包括:
连接到电能输入端的电磁波滤波器(100),用于阻断交流电能导致的电磁波;
主整流电路(110),用于将电磁波已经被阻断的交流电能整流为直流电能;
回扫转换器(110’),用于在内置晶体管导通时存储从主整流电路(110)传输的电能,并且该回扫转换器(110’)在所述内置晶体管关断时提供输入电压给门驱动器(160)、中央处理单元(180)以及离子产生单元(182),并且该回扫转换器(110’)提供驱动电压给串联共振型转换器(120);
置于回扫转换器(110’)和串联共振型转换器(120)之间的电流检测单元(170),用于检测由于电池组(B)置于非接触式充电器(A)上导致的电流变化,并且根据电流变化输出比较电流;
中央处理单元(180),用于通过使用从电流检测单元(170)输出的比较电流而检测电池组(B)是否置于非接触式充电器(A)上,根据电池组(B)是否置于非接触式充电器(A)上以及温度保护电路单元(183)的电流控制门驱动器(160),而在发生异常操作或者放置在非接触式充电平台上的外部物体的温度超过预定温度时而停止切换门驱动器(160);
门驱动器(160),用于在中央处理单元(180)的控制下输出门信号;
串联共振型转换器(120),用于响应于从门驱动器(160)输出的门信号而调整提供给主芯单元(130)的电压和电流的波形;以及
主芯单元(130),由串联共振型转换器(120)切换以产生感应电动势。
2.根据权利要求1所述的非接触式充电系统,其中所述门驱动器(160)允许在串联共振型转换器(120)中提供的两个切换设备交替导通,以响应门驱动器(160)在中央处理单元(180)控制下输出的门信号,从而通过对耦合到各个切换设备的并联电容进行充电和放电而调整提供给主芯单元(130)的输入电压和电流的波形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的非接触式充电系统,其中所述电流检测单元(170)连接到与回扫转换器(110’)的输出端和串联共振型转换器(120)的输入端连接的电阻的两端,所述电流检测单元(170)包括:
差分放大器(171),从电阻两端输出的信号输入到该差分放大器(171);以及
比较器和低频滤波器(172),耦合到差分放大器(171)的输出端并且通过将差分放大器(171)的输出电压与预定参考电压比较而检测电流变化,根据电流变化而滤出比较电流,并且将该比较电流输出。
4.根据权利要求1所述的非接触式充电系统,其中所述中央处理单元(180)配置为处理从烟雾传感器(181)反馈的信息并且切换离子产生单元(182)的操作模式。
5.根据权利要求1所述的非接触式充电系统,其中所述主芯单元(130)配置为使得主线圈缠绕在其内形成了中央开口(132)的板芯构件(131)的周围。
6.根据权利要求5所述的非接触式充电系统,其中所述板芯构件(131)具有多边形、圆形或者椭圆形状,并且配置为外层覆有无定型金属或者铁氧材料片。
7.根据权利要求5所述的非接触式充电系统,其中所述主线圈包括两个线圈,所述两个线圈并联或者串联地缠绕在板芯构件(131)周围。
8.根据权利要求1所述的非接触式充电系统,其中所述电池组(B)包括:
第二芯单元(210),配置为通过主芯单元(130)感应电能;
耦合到第二芯单元(210)的次线圈的第二整流电路单元(200),用于整流感应电能;
充电控制单元(230),包括:充电调整电路(230a),用于为电池容量度量单元(230b)提供通过第二整流电路(200)整流的电能,并且为射频标识控制单元提供电压以响应第二整流电路(200)的输出;以及电池容量度量单元(230b),用于通过保护电路(240)将从充电调整电路(230a)提供的电能提供给电池,并且在监视电池的充电状态时产生充电状态信息以及周期性记录所述信息;以及
在充电控制单元(230)和电池之间耦合的保护电路单元(240),用于根据电池的充电状态而控制是执行充电还是放电。
9.根据权利要求8所述的非接触式充电系统,其中在电池组(B)的第二芯单元(210)和电池盒(250)之间插入膜状的屏蔽板(260),并且保护电路单元(240)被屏蔽构件(241)包围。
10.根据权利要求8所述的非接触式充电系统,其中所述充电控制单元(230)通过集成电路形成,所述集成电路通过使用第二整流电路(200)整流的电能优化执行对电池进行充电和放电控制的充电控制功能,以及优化执行在监视电池充电状态时产生充电状态信息并且周期性记录所产生信息的电池容量度量功能。
11.根据权利要求8所述的非接触式充电系统,所述电池组(B)还包括耦合于第二整流电路(200)与充电调整电路(230a)之间的外部物体检测单元(220),该外部物体检测单元(220)在包含第二芯单元(210)的电池组(B)置于非接触式充电器(A)上的同时检测瞬间电能并且允许通过在一定时间周期内将开关(Q3)保持在关断状态而保持无负载状态,以及允许通过在无负载状态保持该时间周期后将开关(Q3)保持在导通状态而将无负载状态切换到负载状态,从而通过负载调制通知主芯单元的主线圈包含第二芯单元(210)的电池组(B)已经置于非接触式充电器(A)上,并且所述外部物体检测单元(220)同时提供电能给充电控制单元(230)。
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Also Published As
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CN1826715A (zh) | 2006-08-30 |
EP3525315A1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
US20130154559A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
EP1882292A4 (en) | 2010-08-11 |
EP1882292A1 (en) | 2008-01-30 |
US20080094027A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
KR100554889B1 (ko) | 2006-03-03 |
WO2006101285A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
EP2390984B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
EP2390984A3 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
EP2390984A2 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
USRE44038E1 (en) | 2013-03-05 |
JP4258568B2 (ja) | 2009-04-30 |
USRE48193E1 (en) | 2020-09-01 |
US7443135B2 (en) | 2008-10-28 |
JP2007514400A (ja) | 2007-05-31 |
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