ATE123797T1 - Carbonsäureester enthaltende flüssige zusammensetzungen. - Google Patents

Carbonsäureester enthaltende flüssige zusammensetzungen.

Info

Publication number
ATE123797T1
ATE123797T1 AT90906641T AT90906641T ATE123797T1 AT E123797 T1 ATE123797 T1 AT E123797T1 AT 90906641 T AT90906641 T AT 90906641T AT 90906641 T AT90906641 T AT 90906641T AT E123797 T1 ATE123797 T1 AT E123797T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
acid esters
compositions containing
liquid compositions
carboxic acid
carboxic
Prior art date
Application number
AT90906641T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Scott Ted Jolley
Original Assignee
Lubrizol Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=23344653&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=ATE123797(T1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Lubrizol Corp filed Critical Lubrizol Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE123797T1 publication Critical patent/ATE123797T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/24—Only one single fluoro component present
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Stereo-Broadcasting Methods (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
AT90906641T 1989-04-25 1990-04-17 Carbonsäureester enthaltende flüssige zusammensetzungen. ATE123797T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US34308789A 1989-04-25 1989-04-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE123797T1 true ATE123797T1 (de) 1995-06-15

Family

ID=23344653

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT90906641T ATE123797T1 (de) 1989-04-25 1990-04-17 Carbonsäureester enthaltende flüssige zusammensetzungen.

Country Status (16)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0422185B2 (de)
JP (3) JP2624893B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE123797T1 (de)
AU (1) AU638710B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9006748A (de)
CA (1) CA2015204C (de)
DE (2) DE422185T1 (de)
DK (1) DK0422185T4 (de)
ES (1) ES2034938T5 (de)
FI (1) FI102082B (de)
HK (1) HK53896A (de)
IL (1) IL94139A0 (de)
MX (1) MX172846B (de)
NO (1) NO300739B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1990012849A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA903096B (de)

Families Citing this family (77)

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US7052626B1 (en) * 1989-12-28 2006-05-30 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corporation Fluid compositions containing refrigeration oils and chlorine-free fluorocarbon refrigerants
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US6582621B1 (en) * 1989-12-28 2003-06-24 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corporation Refrigerator oils for use with chlorine-free fluorocarbon refrigerants
US6153118A (en) * 1989-12-28 2000-11-28 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp. Fluid compositions containing refrigerator oils and chlorine-free fluorocarbon refrigerants
JPH03217494A (ja) * 1990-01-22 1991-09-25 Kao Corp 冷凍機油
EP0638630B1 (de) * 1990-01-31 1998-06-17 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Ester als Schmiermittel für Haloalkangefriermittel
DE4006828A1 (de) * 1990-03-05 1991-09-12 Hoechst Ag Verwendung von komplexen esteroelen als schmiermittel fuer kaeltemittelverdichter
DE4006827A1 (de) * 1990-03-05 1991-09-12 Hoechst Ag Verwendung von esteroelen als schmiermittel fuer kaeltemittelverdichter
JPH03275799A (ja) * 1990-03-23 1991-12-06 Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk 冷凍機油組成物
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JP2958383B2 (ja) * 1990-08-07 1999-10-06 日本石油株式会社 合成潤滑油
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DE4128647A1 (de) * 1991-08-29 1993-03-11 Henkel Kgaa Verwendung von isopalmitinsaeureestern als schmiermittel fuer zweitaktmotoren
EP0536940B1 (de) 1991-10-11 2001-11-21 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Arbeitsflüssigkeiten
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US5399279A (en) * 1991-12-23 1995-03-21 Albemarle Corporation Refrigeration compositions
JPH05255680A (ja) * 1992-01-13 1993-10-05 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd ポリカーボネートおよびその用途
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CA2137252A1 (en) * 1992-06-03 1993-12-09 Nicholas E. Schnur Polyol ester lubricants for refrigerant heat transfer fluids
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US6183662B1 (en) * 1992-06-03 2001-02-06 Henkel Corporation Polyol ester lubricants, especially those compatible with mineral oils, for refrigerating compressors operating at high temperatures
JP2613526B2 (ja) 1992-07-04 1997-05-28 花王株式会社 冷凍機作動流体用組成物
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IL108066A0 (en) * 1993-01-07 1994-04-12 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc Refrigeration working fluid compositions containing difluoroethane or pentafluoroethane
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US5593957A (en) * 1993-06-30 1997-01-14 Nof Corporation Synthetic lubricating oil containing an ester and working fluid composition for refrigerating machine containing same
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EP0699742B1 (de) 1994-08-03 1999-05-19 Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. Kältemaschinenölzusammensetzung und Kältemittelzusammensetzung für Kältemaschine
US5720895A (en) 1994-08-11 1998-02-24 Kao Corporation Polyol ether derivatives and production methods therefor
US5866030A (en) * 1994-09-07 1999-02-02 Witco Corporation Enhanced hydrocarbon lubricants for use with immiscible refrigerants
US5792383A (en) * 1994-09-07 1998-08-11 Witco Corporation Reduction of enterfacial tension between hydrocarbon lubricant and immiscible liquid refrigerant
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US5711895A (en) 1994-12-12 1998-01-27 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Fluid composition for use in a refrigerating machine in which the refrigerating machine oil is at least one hydrocarbon compound of a formula consisting of two phenyl groups joined through an alkylene or alkenylene group
CN1062593C (zh) * 1995-03-01 2001-02-28 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 多羟基酯基润滑剂及其生产方法
JP2962677B2 (ja) 1996-02-20 1999-10-12 株式会社日立製作所 冷凍装置
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US5705086A (en) * 1996-04-16 1998-01-06 Mobil Oil Corporation Refrigeration oils comprising esters of hindered alcohols
CA2251388A1 (en) * 1997-10-30 1999-04-30 The Lubrizol Corporation Low viscosity energy efficient polyol-ester based refrigerant containing polyether and antioxidant with or without a phosphate
JP4564111B2 (ja) † 1998-09-02 2010-10-20 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 冷凍機油
US6374629B1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2002-04-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricant refrigerant composition for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants
JP2000273479A (ja) 1999-03-26 2000-10-03 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp 冷凍機油組成物
WO2000058426A1 (fr) 1999-03-26 2000-10-05 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corporation Composition de refroidissement d'huile mouvement
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JPH10251678A (ja) 1998-09-22
DE69020085D1 (de) 1995-07-20
NO905529D0 (no) 1990-12-20
DK0422185T3 (da) 1995-08-14
CA2015204C (en) 1998-02-10
FI906146A0 (fi) 1990-12-13
ZA903096B (en) 1991-02-27
AU5448090A (en) 1990-11-16
DE69020085T3 (de) 2010-04-22
CA2015204A1 (en) 1990-10-25
ES2034938T3 (es) 1995-10-16
EP0422185B2 (de) 2008-08-06
EP0422185B1 (de) 1995-06-14
NO300739B1 (no) 1997-07-14
MX172846B (es) 1994-01-17
AU638710B2 (en) 1993-07-08
DE69020085T2 (de) 1995-12-21
NO905529L (no) 1991-02-14
JPH09111229A (ja) 1997-04-28
IL94139A0 (en) 1991-01-31
HK53896A (en) 1996-04-03
BR9006748A (pt) 1991-08-06
ES2034938T5 (es) 2009-01-16
DE422185T1 (de) 1992-11-26
FI102082B1 (fi) 1998-10-15
JP2895001B2 (ja) 1999-05-24
DK0422185T4 (da) 2008-11-10
EP0422185A1 (de) 1991-04-17
ES2034938T1 (es) 1993-04-16
WO1990012849A1 (en) 1990-11-01
FI102082B (fi) 1998-10-15
JPH03505602A (ja) 1991-12-05
JP2624893B2 (ja) 1997-06-25

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