WO2023042440A1 - 基板検査装置及び基板検査方法 - Google Patents
基板検査装置及び基板検査方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023042440A1 WO2023042440A1 PCT/JP2022/011290 JP2022011290W WO2023042440A1 WO 2023042440 A1 WO2023042440 A1 WO 2023042440A1 JP 2022011290 W JP2022011290 W JP 2022011290W WO 2023042440 A1 WO2023042440 A1 WO 2023042440A1
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- foreign matter
- image
- area
- inspection
- circuit board
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
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Images
Classifications
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a board inspection apparatus and a board inspection method for inspecting printed boards.
- the printed circuit board includes a flat base substrate, a circuit pattern and lands formed on the surface of the base substrate, and an insulating resist that coats the surface of the base substrate except for the lands.
- cream solder is first printed on the land (solder printing process). Next, the component is temporarily fixed on the printed circuit board based on the viscosity of the cream solder (mounting step). After that, the printed circuit board is guided to a reflow furnace, and soldering is performed by heating and melting the cream solder (reflow process).
- Patent Document 1 describes that holes and circuit patterns are excluded from inspection targets.
- an area corresponding to the mounting position of a component and requiring inspection for the presence or absence of foreign matter is set as a foreign matter inspection area, and the set foreign matter inspection area is targeted.
- a method of detecting the presence or absence of a foreign substance in a foreign substance inspection area by performing image processing performed on the image see, for example, Patent Document 2, etc.. According to this method, processing is performed only for regions that particularly require foreign matter inspection, so it is said that the processing load can be reduced.
- the method described in Patent Document 2 detects the presence or absence of foreign matter in the foreign matter inspection area. can be prevented. However, if the foreign matter is relatively large, even if the foreign matter X slightly overlaps the foreign matter inspection area Ar as shown in FIG. functional problems can occur. In this regard, in the method described in Patent Document 2, when a foreign substance in the above state exists, the area occupied by the region related to the foreign substance in the foreign substance inspection area is very small, so the foreign substance cannot be detected. may be absent or ignored. Therefore, there is a risk that the printed circuit board to be inspected may be erroneously determined to be non-defective even though there is a foreign substance that may cause a functional problem on the printed circuit board.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to improve the yield of the printed circuit board and to detect foreign matter that may cause functional problems in the printed circuit board. It is to provide an inspection device and the like.
- a board inspection device for inspecting a printed board on which cream solder is printed, an image acquiring means capable of acquiring an image of a predetermined inspection area on the printed circuit board, which includes a component mounting area corresponding to a component mounting position on the printed circuit board and is wider than the component mounting area; , foreign matter detection means for detecting foreign matter in the inspection area based on the image acquired by the image acquisition means;
- a substrate inspection apparatus further comprising a quality determination means for determining quality of the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection means based on a positional relationship of the foreign matter with respect to the component mounting area.
- Parts mounting area refers to “areas where parts may be mounted”, exposed lands not covered with resist, and areas containing cream solder or adhesive.
- the “component mounting area” is not limited to the minimum area including the “potential component mounting area”, land, and cream solder or adhesive. The smallest area can be a suitably enlarged area.
- the "area where components may be mounted” basically refers to the "reference mounting position of components", but when self-alignment is used, it is possible to mount components that are offset corresponding to self-alignment. A region that includes the expected position.
- the "reference mounting position of the component” may be strictly set using design information or manufacturing information, or may be set simply using the position of a land or the like.
- foreign matter is first detected in a wide area (inspected area) including the component mounting area by the foreign matter detection means. Then, when a foreign substance is detected, the foreign substance is not judged to be defective immediately, but the quality judgment means judges the quality of the foreign substance based on the positional relationship between the foreign substance and the component mounting area.
- the detected foreign matter is considered to cause a functional problem of the printed circuit board in terms of the positional relationship with the component mounting area, the foreign matter can be determined to be defective. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately detect a foreign matter that may cause a functional problem in the printed circuit board, and to more reliably prevent the printed circuit board from being erroneously determined to be non-defective.
- Means 2 The substrate according to means 1, wherein the pass/fail determination means is configured to determine that the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection means is defective when the foreign matter overlaps or touches the component mounting area. inspection equipment.
- the positional relationship between the detected foreign matter and the component mounting area can be easily grasped visually. Therefore, it is possible to improve the convenience of checking whether the inspection is being performed appropriately (as intended) and checking/adjusting the inspection conditions.
- the printed circuit board is provided with a green resist area
- the image acquisition means is configured to acquire a color image of the inspection area using a plurality of colored lights, a resist area information acquiring means for acquiring resist area information for specifying a range occupied by the resist area on the printed circuit board; a hue image obtaining means for obtaining a hue image of the inspection area using the color image obtained by the image obtaining means; Means 1 characterized in that the foreign matter detection means is configured to be capable of detecting foreign matter in at least the resist region specified by the resist region information of the hue image, using a hue difference with respect to the resist region. 4.
- the board inspection apparatus according to any one of 1 to 3.
- the printed circuit board is provided with a green resist area
- the image acquisition means is configured to acquire a color image of the inspection area using a plurality of colored lights, a resist area information acquiring means for acquiring resist area information for specifying a range occupied by the resist area on the printed circuit board; a saturation image obtaining means for obtaining a saturation image of the inspection area using the color image obtained by the image obtaining means;
- the foreign matter detection means is configured to be capable of detecting a foreign matter in at least the resist region specified by the resist region information of the chroma image using a chroma difference with respect to the resist region. 5.
- a substrate inspection apparatus according to any one of means 1 to 4.
- Both configurations relating to means 4 and 5 may be employed. That is, it may be configured to detect a foreign substance using both the hue image and the saturation image of the inspection area. In this case, it is possible to accurately detect black hair, white hair, brown hair, or blond hair, which are commonly seen colors.
- a board inspection method for inspecting a printed board on which cream solder is printed comprising: an image acquiring step capable of acquiring an image of a predetermined inspection area on the printed circuit board that includes a component mounting area that is an area corresponding to a component mounting position on the printed circuit board and that is wider than the component mounting area; , a foreign matter detection step of detecting a foreign matter in the inspection area based on the image acquired by the image acquisition step; a pass/fail judgment step of judging the pass/fail of the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection step based on the positional relationship of the foreign matter with respect to the component mounting area.
- Means 7. The board inspection method according to means 6, wherein, in the pass/fail judgment step, the foreign matter detected in the foreign matter detection step is judged to be defective when the foreign matter overlaps or touches the component mounting area.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically showing an inspection device after solder printing
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the post-solder-printing inspection device
- FIG. 1 is a diagram simply showing a color wheel of an HSV color space
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a component mounting area and the like
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a component mounting area and the like
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a hue image of a substrate to be inspected to which blond hair is attached;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a hue image of a substrate to be inspected on which brown hair is attached;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a saturation image relating to a substrate to be inspected on which black hair is adhered;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a chroma image of a substrate to be inspected on which white hairs are attached;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a foreign substance or the like that overlaps with a component mounting area and is determined to be defective;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a foreign substance or the like that is in contact with a component mounting area and determined to be defective;
- it is a schematic diagram which shows the image displayed.
- it is a mimetic diagram for explaining the quality judging method of a foreign substance.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram for supplementary explanation of a foreign matter quality determination method according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a foreign matter detection method in the prior art;
- the printed circuit board 1 includes a flat base substrate 2 made of glass epoxy resin or the like, a circuit pattern 3a and lands 3b made of copper foil, and lands 3b provided on both sides of the base substrate 2. through-holes 3c and the like are formed to pass through the .
- a cream solder 5 made by kneading solder grains with flux is printed on the land 3b and the through hole 3c.
- An electrode portion of a predetermined component (eg, an electronic component) (not shown) and the land 3b are electrically connected via the cream solder 5 .
- a green resist area 4 (the area indicated by the dotted pattern in FIG. 1) is provided on the surface of the base substrate 2 except for the land 3b.
- the resist region 4 is made of an insulating resist and coats the base substrate 2 and the circuit pattern 3a.
- the printed circuit board 1 is coated with an adhesive for fixing the components, if necessary.
- the production line 10 includes, in order from the upstream side (upper side in FIG. 3), a solder printing machine 12, a post-solder printing inspection device 13, a component mounting machine 14, a reflow device 15, and a post-reflow inspection.
- a device 16 is installed.
- the printed circuit board 1 is set to be transported to these devices in this order.
- the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 constitutes a "board inspection device".
- the solder printing machine 12 performs a solder printing process of printing cream solder 5 on each land 3b of the printed circuit board 1 and the like.
- the cream solder 5 is printed by screen printing.
- screen printing cream solder 5 is first supplied to the upper surface of the screen mask while the lower surface of the screen mask is in contact with the printed circuit board 1 .
- a plurality of openings corresponding to the lands 3b of the printed circuit board 1 are formed in the screen mask.
- the cream solder 5 is filled in the openings.
- the solder paste 5 is applied to the lands 3b and filled into the through holes 3c.
- the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 performs a post-solder-printing inspection process for inspecting the state of the printed cream solder 5 and the presence or absence of foreign matter on the printed circuit board 1 .
- the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 will be described in more detail later.
- the component mounter 14 performs a component mounting process (mounting process) for mounting the components on the lands 3b on which the cream solder 5 is printed. As a result, the electrode portions of the components are temporarily fixed to the predetermined cream solder 5, respectively.
- the component mounter 14 can adjust the component mounting position according to the position of the printed cream solder 5 .
- the reflow device 15 heats and melts the cream solder 5 to perform a reflow process of soldering the land 3b and the electrode portion of the component.
- the post-reflow inspection device 16 performs a post-reflow inspection process for inspecting whether or not solder joints have been properly performed in the reflow process.
- the image data of the printed circuit board 1 after the reflow process is used to inspect the positional deviation of the components.
- the printed circuit board 1 is sequentially conveyed, and the solder printing process ⁇ the inspection process after solder printing ⁇ the component mounting process (mounting process) ⁇ the reflow process ⁇ the inspection process after the reflow is performed.
- the manufacturing line 10 includes a conveyor or the like for transferring the printed circuit board 1 between the above devices such as between the solder printing machine 12 and the post-solder-printing inspection device 13. .
- a branching device is provided between the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 and the component mounter 14 and downstream of the post-reflow inspection device 16 .
- the printed circuit board 1 determined to be non-defective by the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 or the post-reflow inspection device 16 is directly guided downstream, while the printed circuit board 1 determined to be defective by the inspection devices 13 and 16 is guided to the downstream side.
- a branching device discharges the defective product storage unit (not shown).
- the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 includes a transport mechanism 31 for transporting and positioning the printed circuit board 1, an inspection unit 32 for inspecting the printed circuit board 1, a transport mechanism 31 and a It includes a control device 33 (see FIG. 5) that controls the driving of the inspection unit 32, various controls, image processing, and arithmetic processing in the inspection device 13 after solder printing.
- the transport mechanism 31 includes a pair of transport rails 31a arranged along the loading/unloading direction of the printed circuit board 1, and an endless conveyor belt 31b rotatably arranged with respect to each transport rail 31a.
- the transport mechanism 31 is provided with driving means such as a motor for driving the conveyor belt 31b and a chuck mechanism for positioning the printed circuit board 1 at a predetermined position.
- the transport mechanism 31 is driven and controlled by a control device 33 (a transport mechanism control section 343 to be described later).
- the printed circuit board 1 carried into the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 is placed on the conveyor belt 31b while both side edges in the width direction perpendicular to the carry-in/out direction are inserted into the transport rails 31a. be done. Subsequently, the conveyor belt 31b starts operating, and the printed circuit board 1 is transported to a predetermined inspection position. When the printed circuit board 1 reaches the inspection position, the conveyor belt 31b stops and the chuck mechanism operates. By the operation of this chuck mechanism, the conveyor belt 31b is pushed up, and both side edges of the printed circuit board 1 are sandwiched between the upper side portions of the conveyor belt 31b and the conveying rails 31a.
- the printed circuit board 1 is positioned and fixed at the inspection position.
- the fixing by the chuck mechanism is released and the conveyor belt 31b starts to operate.
- the printed circuit board 1 is unloaded from the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 .
- the configuration of the transport mechanism 31 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and other configurations may be adopted.
- the inspection unit 32 is arranged above the transport rail 31a (the transport path for the printed circuit board 1).
- the inspection unit 32 has an illumination device 321 and a camera 322 .
- the inspection unit 32 includes an X-axis mover 323 capable of moving in the X-axis direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 4) and a Y-axis mover 323 capable of moving in the Y-axis direction (front-rear direction in FIG. 4).
- a mechanism 324 is also provided.
- the inspection unit 32 is driven and controlled by the control device 33 (moving mechanism control section 342 described later).
- the illumination device 321 and the camera 322 constitute "image acquisition means".
- the illumination device 321 irradiates a predetermined light onto the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected by the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 . More specifically, the illumination device 321 includes a first ring light 321a, a second ring light 321b and a third ring light 321c.
- the first ring light 321a irradiates the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected with light from a substantially horizontal direction.
- the second ring light 321b is arranged above the first ring light 321a and irradiates the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected with light obliquely from above.
- the third ring light 321c is arranged inside the second ring light 321b, and irradiates the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected with light almost vertically from above.
- Each ring light 321a, 321b, 321c irradiates the printed circuit board 1 with white light. That is, each of the ring lights 321a, 321b, and 321c irradiates the printed circuit board 1 with a plurality of color lights of red light, blue light, and green light at once.
- the camera 322 is arranged so that its optical axis extends in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and images a predetermined inspection area on the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected from directly above.
- the area to be inspected is one of a plurality of areas preset on the printed circuit board 1 with the size of the imaging field (imaging range) of the camera 322 as one unit.
- the area to be inspected includes a component mounting area Ma, which will be described later, and is set to an area wider than the component mounting area Ma. Furthermore, a part of each inspection area is set so as to overlap a part of the adjacent inspection area.
- the camera 322 is composed of a color camera, and its operation is controlled by the control device 33 (camera control unit 333 described later). Under the operation control of the control device 33 (camera control unit 333), the camera 322 captures an image of reflected light from the printed circuit board 1 while the printed circuit board 1 is simultaneously irradiated from the ring lights 321a, 321b, and 321c. I do. As a result, a color image of the area to be inspected on the printed circuit board 1 is acquired. This color image has a large number of pixels, and three types of parameter values relating to R (red), G (green), and B (blue) are set for each pixel. In this embodiment, each of these parameter values is expressed in the range of 0-1.
- a color image captured by the camera 322 is transferred to the control device 33 (a color image capturing unit 334 described later). Then, the control device 33 executes inspection processing based on the color image.
- the process of acquiring a color image with the camera 322 corresponds to the "image acquisition process”.
- the control device 33 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes predetermined arithmetic processing, a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores various programs and fixed value data, and various data that are temporarily stored when executing various arithmetic processing. It consists of a computer that includes RAM (Random Access Memory) and these peripheral circuits.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- the control device 33 includes a main control unit 331, a lighting control unit 332, a camera control unit 333, a color image acquisition unit 334, a hue image acquisition unit 335, a saturation image acquisition unit 336, It functions as various functional units such as a registration area information acquisition unit 337 , a mounting area information acquisition unit 338 , a foreign matter detection unit 339 , a quality determination unit 340 , a display control unit 341 , a movement mechanism control unit 342 , a transport mechanism control unit 343 .
- the hue image acquisition unit 335 constitutes the “hue image acquisition means”
- the saturation image acquisition unit 336 similarly constitutes the “saturation image acquisition means”
- the registration area information acquisition unit 337 constitutes the “resist area
- the foreign object detection unit 339 constitutes the "foreign object detection means”
- the quality determination unit 340 constitutes the "good/failure determination means”.
- control device 33 has a functional unit for inspecting the state of the cream solder 5, but this functional unit is omitted in this embodiment.
- control device 33 includes an input unit 344 including a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, etc., a display unit 345 including a display screen, including a liquid crystal display, various data, programs, calculation results, inspection results, and the like. and a communication unit 347 capable of transmitting/receiving various data to/from the outside.
- the display unit 345 constitutes "display means”.
- the storage unit 346 is composed of a HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), etc., and stores various information.
- the storage unit 346 includes an image storage unit 346a, an inspection information storage unit 346b, an area information storage unit 346c, and an inspection result storage unit 346d.
- the image storage unit 346a stores a color image captured by the camera 322 and acquired. Further, the image storage unit 346a also stores a hue image and a saturation image, which are respectively acquired by the hue image acquisition unit 335 and the saturation image acquisition unit 336, and the like, which will be described later. A color image, a hue image, a saturation image, and the like stored in the image storage unit 346 a can be displayed on the display unit 345 by the display control unit 341 as appropriate.
- the inspection information storage unit 346b stores various information used for inspection of the printed circuit board 1.
- the inspection information storage unit 346b stores a plurality of threshold values (hue threshold value, saturation threshold value) used for binarizing a hue image or a saturation image, A reference value (region specifying reference value) for detecting a foreign object, an area threshold value, a length threshold value, and the like are stored.
- the length threshold is set to a value corresponding to 100 ⁇ m, for example.
- the area information storage unit 346c stores the resist area information acquired by the resist area information acquisition unit 337.
- the component mounting area information obtained by the mounting area information obtaining unit 338 is also stored in the area information storage unit 346c.
- the inspection result storage unit 346d stores data on the result of foreign matter detection by the foreign matter detection unit 339 and inspection result data on the quality of the foreign matter by the quality determination unit 340 .
- the inspection result storage unit 346d also stores inspection result data relating to the state of the cream solder 5, statistical data obtained by probabilistically processing various inspection result data, and the like. These test result data and statistical data can be displayed on the display unit 345 as appropriate by the display control unit 341 .
- control device 33 Next, the various functional units that constitute the control device 33 will be described in detail. First, the moving mechanism control section 342 and the transport mechanism control section 343 will be described, and then the main control section 331 and the like will be described.
- the movement mechanism control section 342 is a functional section that drives and controls the X-axis movement mechanism 323 and the Y-axis movement mechanism 324 , and controls the position of the inspection unit 32 based on command signals from the main control section 331 .
- the moving mechanism control unit 342 drives and controls the X-axis moving mechanism 323 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 324 to move the inspection unit 32 to a position above an arbitrary inspection area on the printed circuit board 1 positioned and fixed at the inspection position. can be moved. Then, the inspection unit 32 is sequentially moved to a plurality of inspection areas set on the printed circuit board 1, and the inspection of the inspection areas is performed, thereby performing the inspection of the entire printed circuit board 1 to be inspected. be done.
- the transport mechanism control unit 343 is a functional unit that drives and controls the transport mechanism 31 , and controls the transport position of the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected based on the command signal from the main control unit 331 .
- the main control unit 331 is a functional unit that controls the entire post-solder-printing inspection apparatus 13 and is configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving various signals to and from other functional units such as the illumination control unit 332 and the camera control unit 333 .
- the lighting control unit 332 is a functional unit that drives and controls the lighting device 321 .
- the illumination control unit 332 performs timing control, etc. regarding irradiation of light from the lighting device 321 to the printed circuit board 1 or stop of irradiation based on a command signal from the main control unit 331 .
- the camera control unit 333 is a functional unit that drives and controls the camera 322 .
- the camera control unit 333 controls the imaging timing of the printed circuit board 1 by the camera 322 based on the command signal from the main control unit 331 .
- the color image capturing unit 334 is a functional unit for capturing the color image captured and acquired by the camera 322 .
- the color image captured by the color image capture unit 334 is stored in the image storage unit 346a.
- the hue image acquisition unit 335 acquires a hue image of the inspection area of the printed circuit board 1 using the color image of the inspection area of the printed circuit board 1 stored in the image storage unit 346a.
- a hue image is an image that indicates the hue of each pixel in a color image on the hue circle of the HSV color space. 9 and 10 show examples of hue images.
- the hue image acquisition unit 335 uses the HSV color space where 0° (360°) is red, 60° is yellow, 120° is (exact) green, 180° is cyan, 240° is blue, and 300° is magenta.
- the hue Hue hereinafter referred to as “hue H” of each pixel in the hue circle (see FIG.
- the process of obtaining the hue image of the printed circuit board 1 by means of the hue image obtaining section 335 corresponds to the "hue image obtaining process".
- the hue image is stored in the image storage unit 346a.
- Equation 1 is used when the parameter value of B is the largest among the parameter values related to RGB.
- Equation 2 is used when the R parameter value is the largest among the RGB parameter values.
- Equation 3 is used when the G parameter value is the largest among the RGB parameter values.
- the hue H is not defined.
- R, G, and B indicate respective parameter values relating to RGB
- MAX indicates the maximum value of each parameter value
- MIN indicates the minimum value of each parameter value.
- the saturation image acquisition unit 336 acquires a saturation image of the inspection area of the printed circuit board 1 using the color image of the inspection area of the printed circuit board 1 stored in the image storage unit 346a.
- a saturation image is an image that indicates the saturation of each pixel in a color image. 11 and 12 show examples of saturation images.
- the saturation image acquisition unit 336 calculates the saturation S (saturation in HSV format) of each pixel in the color image using the following formula 4, and calculates the saturation in which each pixel and its saturation S are associated. Get an image.
- the step of obtaining the saturation image of the printed circuit board 1 by the saturation image obtaining section 336 corresponds to the "saturation image obtaining step".
- the saturation image is stored in the image storage unit 346a.
- ⁇ Formula 4> S (1-3 ⁇ MIN / (R + G + B))
- R, G, and B indicate respective parameter values relating to RGB
- MIN indicates the minimum value among the respective parameter values.
- the saturation S of each pixel in the saturation image is represented by 0 to 1, and the closer the saturation S of a pixel is to 1, the closer the color of the pixel is to the primary color. In place of Equation 4, the saturation S may be obtained from Equation 4a below.
- ⁇ Formula 4a> S (MAX-MIN)/MAX
- the resist area information acquisition unit 337 acquires resist area information for specifying the range occupied by the resist area 4 on the printed circuit board 1 . In this embodiment, the resist area information acquisition unit 337 acquires resist area information based on the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected.
- the registration area information acquisition unit 337 acquires the same hue image as above based on the color image. Note that the hue image acquired by the hue image acquisition unit 335 may be used.
- the registration area information acquisition unit 337 performs processing for identifying connected components of pixels in the hue image in which the hue H is within a predetermined range (for example, 70° or more and 160° or less in this embodiment).
- the area (in this embodiment, the number of pixels) of the connected component (lump portion) is calculated.
- the registration area information acquisition unit 337 calculates the area of the mass portion of the color image that is green or close to green.
- the resist area information acquisition unit 337 compares the area of the block portion with the reference value for area identification preliminarily stored in the inspection information storage unit 346b, and selects the block portion whose area exceeds the reference value for area identification. It is determined to be the resist area 4 . Then, the resist area information acquiring unit 337 acquires information for specifying the resist area 4 (for example, coordinate information indicating the position of the resist area 4, etc.) as resist area information. The acquired resist area information is stored in the area information storage unit 346c. In this embodiment, the process of acquiring the resist area information by the resist area information acquiring unit 337 corresponds to the "resist area information acquiring process".
- the mounting area information acquisition unit 338 acquires mounting area information for specifying the "component mounting area” of the printed circuit board 1 .
- a “component mounting region” refers to a “region where a component may be mounted", an exposed land 3b not covered with resist, and a region containing cream solder 5 or adhesive.
- the "area where components may be mounted” basically refers to the "reference mounting position of components”. Including planned position. Self-alignment means that cream solder 5 melted by the reflow process wets and spreads along the surface of land 3b.
- the "reference mounting position of the component” may be strictly set using design information or manufacturing information, or may be set simply using the position of the land 3b or the like.
- the planned mounting positions of the components when they are most offset for self-alignment are positions P1, P2, P3, and P4 (thick position indicated by a two-dot chain line), the component reference mounting position PB (the position indicated by a thin two-dot chain line in FIGS. 7 and 8), positions P1 to P4, and the land 3b on which the component is to be mounted.
- cream solder 5 on which the component is mounted is set as a component mounting region Ma.
- the "component mounting area” is not limited to the minimum area including the "possible component mounting area", the land 3b, and the cream solder 5 or adhesive. The smallest area can be a suitably enlarged area.
- the "area where a component may be mounted" can be said to be the minimum area including the positions P1 to P4 and the reference mounting position PB.
- the mounting area information acquisition unit 338 uses, for example, information indicating the positional relationship between the designed registration area information and the component mounting area, and the positional relationship for the acquired registration area information is the same as the positional relationship.
- a range of coordinates (coordinates indicating pixel positions) having a relationship of is obtained as mounting area information.
- Information indicating the positional relationship is stored in advance in the inspection information storage unit 346b.
- the acquired mounting area information is stored in the area information storage unit 346c.
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 detects foreign matter with the resist area 4 specified by the resist area information in the hue image or chroma image of the inspection area as the inspection target.
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 first obtains a binarized hue image obtained by binarizing each pixel in the hue image of the inspection area using hue components.
- the binarized hue image is obtained by comparing the hue threshold value stored in advance in the inspection information storage unit 346b with the hue H of each pixel in the hue image, and binarizing each pixel in the hue image. is obtained by The resulting binary hue image is a black and white image with 0's (light areas) and 1's (dark areas).
- the binarized hue image is stored in the image storage unit 346a.
- a hue image (see FIG. 9) of the printed circuit board 1 to which the blond hair X1 is attached and a hue image of the printed circuit board 1 to which the brown hair X2 is attached (see FIG. 10) are shown.
- the hue image the hues of the blond hair X1 and the brown hair X2 are sufficiently different from the hue of the resist region 4 for inspection. Therefore, in the binarized hue image, for example, the blond hair X1 and the brown hair X2 are represented by dark portions, and the resist area 4 is represented by bright portions.
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 detects at least the resist area 4 specified by the resist area information obtained by the resist area information acquisition unit 337 in the binarized hue image. range). Therefore, the land 3b, the through hole 3c, the character portion and the graphic portion provided on the printed circuit board 1 are excluded from the inspection object (inspection range). In addition, in the present embodiment, since the resist area information and the hue image are acquired based on the same printed circuit board 1 to be inspected, the optimum inspection object for this printed circuit board 1 is set.
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 performs a process of identifying connected components of pixels (for example, dark portions) having a hue different from that of the resist region 4 (for example, bright portions) in the inspection object (inspection range). , the area (for example, the number of pixels) of the specified connected component (lump portion) is calculated. The foreign object detection unit 339 also calculates the length (for example, the length in the X direction and the length in the Y direction) of the connected component (mass portion).
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 compares the area of the lump portion with an area threshold value stored in advance in the inspection information storage unit 346b. Then, the foreign matter detection unit 339 determines that a foreign matter exists when the area of the lump portion exceeds the area threshold. Also, the foreign object detection unit 339 compares the length of the lump portion with a length threshold value stored in advance in the inspection information storage unit 346b. Then, the foreign object detection unit 339 determines that a foreign object exists when the length of the lump portion exceeds the length threshold. If a foreign object exists, the foreign object detection unit 339 stores foreign object position information (for example, coordinate information indicating the position of the foreign object) for specifying the position of this foreign object in the inspection result storage unit 346d.
- foreign object position information for example, coordinate information indicating the position of the foreign object
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 determines that no foreign matter exists when the area of the lump portion is equal to or less than the area threshold and the length of the lump portion is equal to or less than the length threshold.
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 performs the same foreign matter detection processing as described above based on not only the hue image but also the saturation image of the inspection area. Detection of a foreign substance based on a chroma image is performed using a chroma difference with respect to the resist area 4 .
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 first obtains a binarized chroma image obtained by binarizing each pixel of the chroma image with a chroma component.
- the binarized chroma image is obtained by comparing the chroma threshold value stored in advance in the inspection information storage unit 346b with the chroma S of each pixel in the chroma image. It is obtained by binarization.
- the resulting binarized chroma image is a black and white image with 0's (dark areas) and 1's (light areas).
- the binarized saturation image is stored in the image storage unit 346a.
- a saturation image (see FIG. 11) of the printed circuit board 1 to which the black hair X3 is attached and a saturation image of the printed circuit board 1 to which the white hair X4 is attached (see FIG. 12) are shown.
- the saturation image the saturation of each of the black hair X3 and the white hair X4 and the saturation of the resist region 4 are sufficiently different for inspection. Therefore, in the binary saturation image, for example, the black hair X3 and the white hair X4 are represented by dark portions, and the resist region 4 is represented by bright portions.
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 After obtaining the binarized chroma image, the foreign matter detection unit 339 detects at least the resist area 4 specified by the resist area information obtained by the resist area information acquisition unit 337 in the binarized chroma image. (inspection range).
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 performs a process of specifying a connected component of pixels (for example, a dark portion) having a saturation different from that of the resist area 4 (for example, a bright portion) in the inspection object (inspection range). Also, the area and length of the specified connected component (mass portion) are calculated.
- the foreign object detection unit 339 compares the area of the lump portion and the area threshold, and the length of the lump portion and the threshold, respectively. Then, the foreign object detection unit 339 determines that a foreign object exists when the area of the lump exceeds the area threshold or the length of the lump exceeds the length threshold. Foreign matter position information (coordinate information, etc.) related to the detected foreign matter is stored in the inspection result storage unit 346d.
- the foreign object detection unit 339 may determine that a foreign object exists when the area of the lump exceeds the area threshold and the length of the lump exceeds the length threshold. Moreover, it is also possible to determine whether or not a foreign object exists by using parameters other than the area and length (for example, thickness and shape).
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 determines that no foreign matter exists when the area of the lump portion is equal to or less than the area threshold and the length of the lump portion is equal to or less than the length threshold.
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 performs foreign matter detection processing based on the hue image or the chroma image for all the inspection areas of the printed circuit board 1 . That is, the foreign matter detection unit 339 performs the above-described foreign matter detection processing using all hue images or saturation images related to the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected.
- the results of detection of foreign substances for all the inspection areas are stored in the inspection result storage unit 346d.
- the step of detecting a foreign object by the foreign object detection unit 339 corresponds to the "foreign object detection process".
- the quality determination unit 340 determines quality of the foreign matter based on the positional relationship of the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection unit 339 with respect to the component mounting area Ma. In the present embodiment, the good/failure determination section 340 determines that the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection section 339 is "defective" when the foreign matter overlaps or touches the component mounting area Ma.
- the pass/fail determination unit 340 determines that at least one of a plurality of coordinates specified by the foreign matter location information in the inspection area is It is determined whether or not it is included in the range of coordinates specified by this mounting area information. Then, when at least one of the coordinates of the foreign matter is included in the coordinate range of the component mounting area Ma, the good/failure determination unit 340 determines the foreign matter to be “defective”.
- the quality determining unit 340 determines that the foreign matter is “defective”.
- the good/bad judgment unit 340 judges the foreign matter to be "no problem".
- the determination result by the pass/fail determination section 340 is stored in the inspection result storage section 346d in association with the foreign matter position information.
- the pass/fail determination unit 340 performs the inspection process regarding the pass/fail of the foreign matter for all the inspection areas of the printed circuit board 1 . Then, the pass/fail determination section 340 determines that the foreign matter is not detected by the foreign matter detection section 339 in all the areas to be inspected on the printed circuit board 1, or that the foreign matter is "no problem" even if the foreign matter is detected. In this case, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected.
- the quality determination unit 340 determines that the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected is defective. judge.
- the judgment result by the pass/fail judging section 340 is stored in the inspection result storage section 346d.
- the determination result is notified to the outside via the display unit 345, the communication unit 347, and the like.
- the process of judging whether the foreign matter is good or bad by the good/bad judgment unit 340 corresponds to the "good/bad judgment process".
- the display control unit 341 controls the display content when displaying the information stored in the storage unit 346 on the display unit 345 .
- the display control unit 341 uses the information stored in the storage unit 346 to display an image (a hue image, a saturation image, or a color image) of the inspection area in which the foreign object is detected by the foreign object detection unit 339.
- an image for example, images such as those shown in FIGS. 13 and 14
- an image obtained by superimposing an image corresponding to the component mounting area Ma (for example, an image of a frame indicating the outer edge of the component mounting area Ma) can be displayed on the display unit 345. It is said that That is, the display control section 341 can display an image showing the positional relationship between the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection section 339 and the component mounting area Ma on the display section 345 .
- the display control unit 341 distinguishes between the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection unit 339 and judged as “defective” by the quality determination unit 340 and the foreign matter not determined as “defective” by the quality determination unit 340 .
- information for example, the letter "B" indicating that the foreign matter X is "defective” is determined to be “defective” by the quality determining unit 340.
- information for example, characters such as “NB” for indicating that the foreign matter X that was not determined as “defective” by the quality determination unit 340 is not “defective” is displayed. It's like
- this foreign matter X must not cause functional problems of the printed circuit board 1 in terms of the positional relationship with the component mounting area Ma. If possible, the foreign object can be prevented from being judged as defective. As a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent the printed circuit board 1 from being judged to be defective due to a foreign substance that is considered not to cause functional problems of the printed circuit board 1 . As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of printed circuit boards 1 that are judged to be defective and discarded, and to improve the yield.
- the detected foreign matter is considered to cause functional problems of the printed circuit board 1 in terms of the positional relationship with the component mounting area Ma, the foreign matter can be determined to be defective. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately detect foreign matter that may cause functional problems in the printed circuit board 1, and to more reliably prevent the printed circuit board 1 from being erroneously determined to be non-defective.
- the foreign substance when a foreign substance overlaps or touches the component mounting area Ma, the foreign substance is determined to be defective. Therefore, it is possible to relatively easily determine whether or not there is a defective foreign matter that may cause a functional problem of the printed circuit board 1 . As a result, it is possible to reduce the burden of the determination process.
- the display unit 345 can display at least an image representing the positional relationship between the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection unit 339 and the component mounting area Ma. Therefore, the positional relationship between the detected foreign matter and the component mounting area Ma can be easily grasped visually. Therefore, it is possible to improve the convenience of checking whether the inspection is being performed appropriately (as intended) and checking/adjusting the inspection conditions.
- the foreign matter is detected using the chroma difference with respect to the resist region 4. is configured as Therefore, black hair and white hair located in the resist area 4 can be detected with high accuracy, and the ability to detect foreign matter can be further enhanced.
- the pass/fail determination unit 340 determines whether or not at least one of a plurality of coordinates specified by the foreign object position information is included in the range of coordinates specified by the mounting area information. It is configured to determine whether the product is good or bad.
- the pass/fail determination unit 340 determines from the foreign matter X the area PP (the area indicated by the thick two-dot chain line in FIG. 12) where the component may be mounted, the land 3b, and the cream. Each distance to an object such as solder 5 included in the component mounting area is calculated, and the quality of the foreign matter X is determined depending on whether or not the minimum value of these distances exceeds a predetermined determination value Dk.
- the distances D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5 are calculated, and the quality of the foreign matter X is determined by comparing the distance D3, which is the minimum value of these distances D1 to D5, with the determination value Dk. be done.
- the component mounting area Ma is rectangular, but the shape of the component mounting area Ma is not limited to this, and can be changed according to the shape of the land 3b or the component, for example. You may
- the quality of the foreign matter is determined by determining whether the foreign matter overlaps or touches the component mounting area Ma.
- the foreign matter quality determination method is not limited to this, and the quality determination of the foreign matter may be performed based on the positional relationship of the foreign matter with respect to the component mounting area Ma. Therefore, for example, the quality of the foreign matter may be determined based on the shortest distance from the component mounting area Ma to the foreign matter or the average value of the distances from a plurality of positions of the foreign matter to the component mounting area Ma.
- the display control unit 341 can display the foreign matter detected by the foreign matter detection unit 339 on the display unit 345, but only the foreign matter determined to be defective by the quality determination unit 340 may be selectively displayed.
- the display control unit 341 may be able to display information related to these foreign substances on the display unit 345 in order of distance to the component mounting area Ma.
- the display unit 345 may arrange and display enlarged images of each foreign matter in order of distance to the component mounting area Ma.
- the display control unit 341 may be capable of selectively displaying only the foreign matter separated from the component mounting area Ma by a predetermined distance or less on the display unit 345 .
- the component mounting area Ma may be configured to be expandable/reduceable, and the foreign object to be displayed may be changed by enlarging or reducing the component mounting area Ma.
- the registration area information acquisition unit 337 acquires the registration area information by extracting a portion having a certain range of hues in the hue image of the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected as a resist area. is configured to On the other hand, the registration area information acquisition unit 337 may acquire the registration area information by extracting a portion having a certain range of saturation in the saturation image as the registration area. Of course, these resist area information acquisition methods may be used together.
- the resist area information acquisition unit 337 is configured to acquire resist area information based on the image of the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected.
- the resist area information acquisition unit 337 obtains a hue image of the master substrate using the master color image, extracts an area that matches the hue of the resist area from the hue image, and obtains the master color image.
- the resist area information may be acquired by at least one of obtaining a chroma image of the master substrate using the chroma image and extracting an area that matches the chroma of the resist area from the chroma image.
- a master color image is a color image of a master board (not shown) that is an ideal printed board 1 .
- the master color image can be obtained by, for example, capturing an image of the master substrate supplied to the post-solder-printing inspection device 13 with the camera 322 while the illumination device 321 illuminates the master substrate.
- sufficiently accurate resist area information can be obtained in relation to the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected without using design information or manufacturing information. .
- the resist region information is obtained by extracting the region that matches the hue and saturation of the resist region from the hue image and the saturation image, the resist region 4 on the master substrate can be detected more clearly than when the brightness image is used. can be precisely identified. As a result, more accurate resist area information can be obtained.
- the resist area information acquisition unit 337 may acquire resist area information based on at least one of the design information and manufacturing information of the printed circuit board 1 .
- Design information includes CAD data of printed circuit boards
- manufacturing information includes Gerber data of printed circuit boards.
- the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected can be sufficiently inspected. Accurate resist area information can be easily obtained.
- the foreign matter detection unit 339 is configured to detect foreign matter using the hue image and the saturation image based on the color image obtained by the camera 322. and the saturation image may be used to detect the foreign matter. Also, the foreign matter detection unit 339 may detect foreign matter using an image other than the hue image and the saturation image. Therefore, a color image (RGB image) or a brightness image acquired based on a color image may be used to detect a foreign object.
- a brightness image is an image that indicates the brightness of each pixel in a color image.
- each ring light 321a, 321b, 321c is configured to emit white light, but may emit red, blue, or green light (that is, different colors).
- the camera 322 is composed of a monochrome camera, and each time the ring lights 321a, 321b, and 321c sequentially emit light, the printed circuit board 1 is imaged by the camera 322, and a total of three types of images are obtained. may be configured to obtain Then, based on these three types of images, a hue image, a saturation image, or the like may be obtained.
- a hue image or a saturation image is binarized to obtain a binarized hue image or a binarized saturation image in detecting a foreign substance. It is not necessary to obtain a modified image. Therefore, for example, the foreign matter may be detected using the hue image and the saturation image as they are. For example, the area and length of a portion having a certain range of hue or saturation in the hue image or saturation image may be obtained, and foreign matter may be detected based on this area or length.
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Abstract
Description
前記プリント基板に対する部品の実装位置に対応する領域である部品実装領域を包含するとともに、該部品実装領域よりも広い、前記プリント基板における所定の被検査領域に係る画像を取得可能な画像取得手段と、
前記画像取得手段により取得された画像に基づき、前記被検査領域における異物を検出する異物検出手段と、
前記部品実装領域に対する、前記異物検出手段により検出された異物の位置関係に基づき、該異物についての良否を判定する良否判定手段とを備えることを特徴とする基板検査装置。
前記表示手段において、少なくとも前記異物検出手段により検出された異物と前記部品実装領域との位置関係を表す画像を表示可能に構成されていることを特徴とする手段1又は2に記載の基板検査装置。
前記画像取得手段は、複数のカラー光を用いて、前記被検査領域に係るカラー画像を取得するように構成され、
前記プリント基板における前記レジスト領域が占める範囲を特定するためのレジスト領域情報を取得するレジスト領域情報取得手段と、
前記画像取得手段により取得された前記カラー画像を用いて、前記被検査領域の色相画像を得る色相画像取得手段とを備え、
前記異物検出手段は、前記色相画像の少なくとも前記レジスト領域情報により特定される前記レジスト領域において、該レジスト領域に対する色相差を利用して異物を検出可能に構成されていることを特徴とする手段1乃至3のいずれかに記載の基板検査装置。
前記画像取得手段は、複数のカラー光を用いて、前記被検査領域に係るカラー画像を取得するように構成され、
前記プリント基板における前記レジスト領域が占める範囲を特定するためのレジスト領域情報を取得するレジスト領域情報取得手段と、
前記画像取得手段により取得された前記カラー画像を用いて、前記被検査領域の彩度画像を得る彩度画像取得手段とを備え、
前記異物検出手段は、前記彩度画像の少なくとも前記レジスト領域情報により特定される前記レジスト領域において、該レジスト領域に対する彩度差を利用して異物を検出可能に構成されていることを特徴とする手段1乃至4のいずれかに記載の基板検査装置。
前記プリント基板に対する部品の実装位置に対応する領域である部品実装領域を包含するとともに、該部品実装領域よりも広い、前記プリント基板における所定の被検査領域に係る画像を取得可能な画像取得工程と、
前記画像取得工程により取得された画像に基づき、前記被検査領域における異物を検出する異物検出工程と、
前記部品実装領域に対する、前記異物検出工程により検出された異物の位置関係に基づき、該異物についての良否を判定する良否判定工程とを含むことを特徴とする基板検査方法。
<数式1> H=60×(G-R)/(MAX-MIN)+60
<数式2> H=60×(B-G)/(MAX-MIN)+180
<数式3> H=60×(R-B)/(MAX-MIN)+300
尚、数式1~3において、R,G,BはそれぞれRGBに係る各パラメータ値を示し、MAXは各パラメータ値のうちの最大値を示し、MINは各パラメータ値のうちの最小値を示す。
<数式4> S=(1-3×MIN/(R+G+B))
尚、数式1~3と同様に、数式4において、R,G,BはそれぞれRGBに係る各パラメータ値を示し、MINは各パラメータ値のうちの最小値を示す。また、彩度画像における各画素の彩度Sは0~1で表され、画素の彩度Sが1に近いほど該画素の色は原色に近いものとなる。尚、数式4に代えて、次の数式4aから彩度Sを求めてもよい。
<数式4a> S=(MAX-MIN)/MAX
レジスト領域情報取得部337は、プリント基板1におけるレジスト領域4が占める範囲を特定するためのレジスト領域情報を取得する。本実施形態において、レジスト領域情報取得部337は、検査対象のプリント基板1に基づき、レジスト領域情報を取得する。
Claims (7)
- クリーム半田の印刷されたプリント基板を検査するための基板検査装置であって、
前記プリント基板に対する部品の実装位置に対応する領域である部品実装領域を包含するとともに、該部品実装領域よりも広い、前記プリント基板における所定の被検査領域に係る画像を取得可能な画像取得手段と、
前記画像取得手段により取得された画像に基づき、前記被検査領域における異物を検出する異物検出手段と、
前記部品実装領域に対する、前記異物検出手段により検出された異物の位置関係に基づき、該異物についての良否を判定する良否判定手段とを備えることを特徴とする基板検査装置。 - 前記良否判定手段は、前記異物検出手段により検出された異物が前記部品実装領域に重なる又は接する場合に該異物を不良と判定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の基板検査装置。
- 情報を表示可能な表示手段を備え、
前記表示手段において、少なくとも前記異物検出手段により検出された異物と前記部品実装領域との位置関係を表す画像を表示可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の基板検査装置。 - 前記プリント基板には、緑色のレジスト領域が設けられており、
前記画像取得手段は、複数のカラー光を用いて、前記被検査領域に係るカラー画像を取得するように構成され、
前記プリント基板における前記レジスト領域が占める範囲を特定するためのレジスト領域情報を取得するレジスト領域情報取得手段と、
前記画像取得手段により取得された前記カラー画像を用いて、前記被検査領域の色相画像を得る色相画像取得手段とを備え、
前記異物検出手段は、前記色相画像の少なくとも前記レジスト領域情報により特定される前記レジスト領域において、該レジスト領域に対する色相差を利用して異物を検出可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の基板検査装置。 - 前記プリント基板には、緑色のレジスト領域が設けられており、
前記画像取得手段は、複数のカラー光を用いて、前記被検査領域に係るカラー画像を取得するように構成され、
前記プリント基板における前記レジスト領域が占める範囲を特定するためのレジスト領域情報を取得するレジスト領域情報取得手段と、
前記画像取得手段により取得された前記カラー画像を用いて、前記被検査領域の彩度画像を得る彩度画像取得手段とを備え、
前記異物検出手段は、前記彩度画像の少なくとも前記レジスト領域情報により特定される前記レジスト領域において、該レジスト領域に対する彩度差を利用して異物を検出可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の基板検査装置。 - クリーム半田の印刷されたプリント基板を検査するための基板検査方法であって、
前記プリント基板に対する部品の実装位置に対応する領域である部品実装領域を包含するとともに、該部品実装領域よりも広い、前記プリント基板における所定の被検査領域に係る画像を取得可能な画像取得工程と、
前記画像取得工程により取得された画像に基づき、前記被検査領域における異物を検出する異物検出工程と、
前記部品実装領域に対する、前記異物検出工程により検出された異物の位置関係に基づき、該異物についての良否を判定する良否判定工程とを含むことを特徴とする基板検査方法。 - 前記良否判定工程では、前記異物検出工程により検出された異物が前記部品実装領域に重なる又は接する場合に該異物を不良と判定することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の基板検査方法。
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