WO2022255259A1 - 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022255259A1 WO2022255259A1 PCT/JP2022/021773 JP2022021773W WO2022255259A1 WO 2022255259 A1 WO2022255259 A1 WO 2022255259A1 JP 2022021773 W JP2022021773 W JP 2022021773W WO 2022255259 A1 WO2022255259 A1 WO 2022255259A1
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- mass
- rolling
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
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- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14708—Fe-Ni based alloys
- H01F1/14716—Fe-Ni based alloys in the form of sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
- H01F1/18—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/05—Grain orientation
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- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a so-called grain-oriented electrical steel sheet in which crystal grains are highly concentrated in the miller index of ⁇ 110 ⁇ on the sheet surface and ⁇ 001> in the rolling direction.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is a soft magnetic material, and is mainly used as iron cores of electrical equipment such as transformers.
- This grain-oriented electrical steel sheet utilizes secondary recrystallization to highly accumulate crystal grains in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ 001> orientation (hereinafter referred to as "Goss orientation"), resulting in low iron loss and high magnetic flux density. It has excellent magnetic properties.
- a magnetic flux density B 8 (T) at a magnetic field strength of 800 (A / m) and an alternating magnetic field with an excitation frequency of 50 (Hz) Iron loss W 17/50 (W/kg) per 1 kg of steel plate when magnetized to 1.7 (T) is used.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method using AlN and MnS as inhibitors
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method using MnS and MnSe as inhibitors, both of which have been industrially put into practical use.
- uniform fine dispersion of the inhibitor is ideal, and therefore, it is necessary to heat the steel slab, which is the raw material, to a high temperature of 1300° C. or higher before hot rolling.
- Patent Document 3 a method of heating to a high temperature of about 1300 to 1450° C. in a short time is becoming mainstream.
- the slab heating method there are induction heating and electric heating disclosed in Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet contains about 2.5 mass% or more of Si, but since Si is a ferrite-stabilizing element, austenite transformation does not easily occur even in a high temperature range, and ferrite accounts for the majority of the structure. Become. Since ferrite is difficult to recrystallize in hot rolling, most hot-rolled sheets for grain-oriented electrical steel sheets have a non-recrystallized structure. When a hot-rolled sheet having a non-recrystallized structure is cold-rolled, vertical striped undulations parallel to the rolling direction, called ridging, occur after cold-rolling. A steel sheet with ridging may cause problems such as meandering or breaking in the looper during subsequent line threading. In addition, thickness deviation occurs in the final product sheet, resulting in deterioration of quality and reduction in space factor when the steel sheets are laminated to assemble a transformer or the like. Therefore, suppression of ridging is one of the important problems to be solved.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a technique for actively promoting austenite transformation during hot rolling by increasing the amount of Mn in the steel.
- Patent Document 7 describes a method of promoting recrystallization by performing high pressure rolling in a temperature range of 1190 to 960 ° C.
- Patent Document 8 describes a method containing 3% or more of austenitic phase at a temperature of 1230 to 960 ° C.
- a method of performing high pressure rolling of 30% or more in a raw state, a method of limiting the temperature for rough rolling to 1250 ° C. or less in Patent Document 9, and a temperature range of 1050 to 1200 ° C. in Patent Document 10 A method of rolling at a strain rate of 15 s ⁇ 1 or less and a rolling reduction of 15%/pass or more has been proposed.
- Patent Document 11 describes a method in which the first pass in rough rolling is performed at a temperature range of 1350 ° C. or higher at a rolling reduction of 3% or more and less than 20%, and then the second pass in rough rolling is rolled under high pressure.
- Patent Document 12 proposes a method of rolling under high pressure in the first and second passes of rough rolling. Furthermore, in Patent Documents 12 to 15, as a method of suppressing the generation of defective structures at the ends in the width direction, the cumulative reduction ratio in rough rolling is set to less than 75%, and the reduction ratio at the final reduction in rough rolling is less than 50% and the thickness center temperature of the rough bar immediately after the final reduction is 1350° C. or higher.
- Patent Document 6 when MnS or MnSe is used as an inhibitor, it is difficult for MnS or MnSe to form a solid solution during slab heating. However, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to obtain high magnetic properties.
- the techniques of Patent Documents 7 to 10 are all based on the technical idea that rolling at high temperature does not contribute to recrystallization, and only large strain applied in the low-temperature recrystallization region contributes to recrystallization. , high pressure rolling is performed in a temperature range of around 1200° C. to refine the structure. However, even if these techniques are applied, the ridging is hardly improved.
- Patent Documents 11 and 12 are common in that high pressure rolling is performed in a high temperature range to refine the structure, and it has been confirmed that the structure is refined to some extent. there is However, even if these techniques are applied, ridging cannot be eradicated. Further, the techniques of Patent Documents 13 to 15 are all techniques for eliminating defective portions of magnetic properties, but have the opposite effect from the viewpoint of suppressing ridging.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the object thereof is to propose a method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that does not generate ridging and has a good shape.
- the inventors focused on the rough rolling process of hot rolling and conducted extensive studies. As a result, after performing any rolling pass of rough rolling of hot rolling in a temperature range of 1200 ° C. or higher, the next rolling pass is performed in the opposite direction after an interval of 5 seconds or more, and the total reduction of rough rolling The inventors have found that ridging can be greatly suppressed by setting the ratio to 75% or more, and have developed the present invention.
- the present invention based on the above findings has C: 0.02-0.10 mass%, Si: 2.5-5.5 mass%, Mn: 0.01-0.30 mass%, sol. Al: 0.010 to 0.040 mass%, N: 0.004 to 0.020 mass%, and at least one of S and Se in a total of 0.001 to 0.040 mass%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable
- a steel slab having a chemical composition consisting of chemical impurities it is hot-rolled, and then cold-rolled once or twice or more with intermediate annealing with or without hot-rolled sheet annealing.
- a cold-rolled sheet having a final thickness, primary recrystallization annealing that also serves as decarburization annealing, application of an annealing separator, and final annealing, wherein the heating temperature of the slab is is 1300 ° C. or higher, and in the rough rolling of the hot rolling, after performing one of the rolling passes in a temperature range of 1200 ° C. or higher, the next rolling pass is performed in the opposite direction after an interval of 5 seconds or more, and A method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is proposed, characterized in that the total reduction in rough rolling is 75% or more.
- the average temperature increase rate between 600 ° C. and 800 ° C. is 1 ° C./s or more, and in the temperature range between 800 and 1250 ° C.
- the hot-rolled sheet is annealed for holding.
- the above-described steps in the method for manufacturing the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention are characterized by satisfying the following conditions.
- the steel slab is heated and rough-rolled in a temperature range of 1100 to 1400°C for one pass or more, and then finish-rolled in a temperature range of 800 to 1300°C for two passes or more to obtain a hot-rolled sheet.
- When performing hot rolled sheet annealing hold for 5 seconds or more in the temperature range of 800 to 1250 ° C., then 5 to 100 from 800 ° C to 350 ° C.
- Hot-rolled sheet annealing process cooling at °C/s When cold rolling is performed once, the total rolling reduction is in the range of 50 to 92%, and when cold rolling is performed twice or more, the final sheet thickness A cold rolling process in which the total rolling reduction of the final cold rolling to be finished is in the range of 50 to 92% ⁇ When performing intermediate annealing, after holding for 5 seconds or more in the temperature range of 800 to 1250 ° C, from 800 ° C to 350 ° C Intermediate annealing step cooling at 5 to 100 ° C. / s Decarburization held for 10 seconds or more in a temperature range of 750 to 950 ° C. in a moist atmosphere containing H 2 and N 2 and having a dew point of 20 to 80 ° C.
- a primary recrystallization annealing process that also serves as annealing ⁇ A process of applying an annealing separator containing MgO as a main component to the surface of the steel sheet at a rate of 3 g/m 2 or more per side.
- a final annealing process including purification treatment, in which a part of the atmosphere in the temperature range of 800°C or higher is made into an atmosphere containing H2
- the steel slab used in the method for producing the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention further includes Ni: 0 to 1.00 mass%, Sb: 0 to 0.50 mass%, Sn: 0 to 0.50 mass%, Cu: 0 to 0.50 mass%, Cr: 0 to 0.50 mass%, P: 0 to 0.50 mass%, Mo: 0 to 0.50 mass%, Nb: 0 to 0.020 mass%, V: 0 to 0.010 mass%, B: 0 to 0.0025 mass%, Bi: 0 to 0.50 mass%, and Zr: 0 to 0.10 mass%. do.
- the steel slab used in the method for producing the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention is further selected from Co: 0 to 0.0500 mass% and Pb: 0 to 0.0100 mass% in addition to the above chemical composition. It is characterized by containing at least one.
- the steel slab used in the method for producing the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention further includes As: 0 to 0.0200 mass%, Zn: 0 to 0.0200 mass%, W: 0 to It is characterized by containing at least one selected from 0.0100 mass%, Ge: 0 to 0.0050 mass%, and Ga: 0 to 0.0050 mass%.
- the average line was drawn from the obtained roughness curve, and the interval between the peak line and the valley bottom line was measured.
- This Rz is an index representing the degree of ridging, and a larger Rz indicates a greater degree of ridging, and conversely, a smaller Rz indicates that ridging is suppressed.
- the inventors consider the reason why the ridging of the hot-rolled sheet is greatly suppressed by performing the rough rolling under the above conditions as follows.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet mainly composed of ferrite is difficult to recrystallize after hot rolling, but is easily recrystallized by performing rough rolling at a high temperature.
- partial recrystallization occurs due to the strain energy introduced in the pass, and the structure is refined. It is thought that the rolled structure remains as it is.
- strain energy is effectively accumulated in the rolled structure in which strain energy is less likely to be accumulated than when the rolling pass is performed in one direction.
- the proportion of the recrystallized structure increases, and the structure of the hot-rolled sheet is refined.
- a hot-rolled sheet having such a fine structure is considered to undergo uniform plastic flow in the width direction during cold rolling, thereby strongly suppressing ridging.
- the above hot-rolled sheets were used to produce grain-oriented electrical steel sheets, and the following experiments were conducted to evaluate the magnetic properties of the product sheets.
- the hot-rolled sheet was pickled to remove surface scales, it was cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled sheet having a final sheet thickness (product sheet thickness) of 0.23 mm.
- the cold-rolled sheet was subjected to primary recrystallization annealing, which also serves as decarburization annealing, at 820°C for 60 seconds in a moist atmosphere containing H 2 and N 2 and having a dew point of 60°C.
- an annealing separator containing MgO as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet at 3 g/m 2 per side and dried.
- final annealing was performed at 1150° C. for 20 hours for purification.
- an atmosphere containing H 2 as a main component was used in a temperature range of 1100° C. or higher.
- a phosphate-based insulation tension coating is applied, and flattening annealing is performed for the purpose of baking the coating and correcting the shape of the steel sheet. and made it a product board.
- a test piece for measuring magnetic properties is collected from the innermost and outermost windings of the product coil thus obtained, and the magnetic flux density B 8 at a magnetizing force of 800 A / m is measured by the method described in JIS C2550-1 (2011).
- the value with the lowest magnetic flux density was taken as the value guaranteed in the coil, and the results are also shown in Table 1. From these results, after one rolling pass of rough rolling in hot rolling is performed at 1200 ° C. or more, the next rolling pass is performed in the opposite direction at 1200 ° C. or more with an interval of 5 seconds or more. Good magnetic flux densities of B 8 ⁇ 1.87 T are obtained for all of the product sheets made from the hot-rolled sheets.
- the inventors have found that rough rolling under the above conditions refines the hot-rolled sheet structure and improves the structure. This is believed to be because the homogenization facilitates the secondary recrystallization of Goss-oriented grains with uniform orientation in the final annealing.
- the hot-rolled sheet was subjected to 6 passes of hot finish rolling to obtain a hot-rolled sheet having a sheet thickness of 2.8 mm, then cooled with water and wound into a coil at a temperature of 500°C.
- some of the hot-rolled sheets were subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing in a batch annealing furnace or a continuous annealing furnace.
- the steel sheet was heated from 600 to 800° C. to 900° C. at an average heating rate of 20° C./hr, held for 20 hours, and then cooled in the furnace.
- the temperature between 600 and 800°C is heated to 900°C at an average temperature increase rate of 5°C/s, held for 120s, and then increased from 800°C to 350°C at 60°C/s. It was water-cooled with s.
- FIG. 1 shows the effects of the total rolling reduction in rough rolling and the hot-rolled sheet annealing conditions on the maximum height roughness Rz of the hot-rolled sheet. From these results, after any rolling pass of rough rolling in hot rolling was performed at 1200 ° C. or higher, the next rolling pass was performed in the opposite direction at 1200 ° C.
- the reason why the ridging of the hot-rolled sheet is greatly suppressed by setting the total rolling reduction of the rough rolling of the hot rolling to 75% or more as described above is as follows. As described above, after one rolling pass of rough rolling in hot rolling is performed at 1200 ° C. or more, the next rolling pass is performed in the opposite direction at 1200 ° C. or more with an interval of 5 seconds or more. It is thought that the sheet structure becomes finer, but furthermore, by setting the total reduction ratio of rough rolling to 75% or more, the above effect increases, and as a result, the ratio of the recrystallized structure increases, resulting in a finer hot-rolled sheet structure. It is thought that
- the inventors consider the reason why the ridging of the hot-rolled sheet is greatly suppressed by performing the hot-rolled sheet annealing by continuous annealing as follows.
- the temperature rise rate is slow, so recovery progresses before reaching the recrystallization temperature range, the strain energy decreases, and the driving force for recrystallization is lost. As a result, it does not lead to an increase in the recrystallization rate.
- the effect of increasing the recrystallization rate by hot-rolled sheet annealing in a continuous annealing furnace is that after one rolling pass of rough rolling in hot rolling is performed at 1200 ° C. or more, the next rolling pass is performed for 5 seconds or more It is considered that this is an effect that is added only when the condition that the heating is performed in the opposite direction at 1200° C. or higher with a gap is satisfied. If the above conditions are not met, the amount of strain energy accumulated in the work/recovery structure contained in the hot-rolled steel structure is small, and even if hot-rolled steel is annealed in a continuous annealing furnace, the recrystallization rate will not increase. This is because it is considered that
- a hot-rolled sheet having a fine structure containing a large amount of such recrystallized structures and a hot-rolled annealed sheet subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing in a continuous annealing furnace undergo uniform plastic flow in the width direction during cold rolling, causing ridging. It is thought to strongly suppress
- the above hot-rolled sheets were used to produce grain-oriented electrical steel sheets, and the following experiments were conducted to evaluate the magnetic properties of the product sheets.
- the hot-rolled sheet was pickled to remove surface scales, it was cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled sheet having a final sheet thickness (product sheet thickness) of 0.27 mm.
- the cold-rolled sheet was subjected to primary recrystallization annealing, which also serves as decarburization annealing, at 800° C. for 180 s in a moist atmosphere containing H 2 and N 2 and having a dew point of 55° C.
- an annealing separator containing MgO as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet at 7 g/m 2 per side and dried.
- a test piece for measuring magnetic properties is collected from the innermost and outermost windings of the product coil thus obtained, and the magnetic flux density B 8 at a magnetizing force of 800 A / m is measured by the method described in JIS C2550-1 (2011).
- the value with the lowest magnetic flux density was taken as the guaranteed value in the coil, and the results are also shown in Table 2. From these results, after performing any rolling pass of rough rolling of hot rolling at 1200 ° C. or higher, the next rolling pass is performed in the opposite direction at 1200 ° C. or higher with an interval of 5 seconds or more, and Good magnetic flux densities of B 8 ⁇ 1.87 T are obtained in all of the product sheets manufactured under the condition of a total rolling reduction of 75% or more. Furthermore, the product sheet manufactured by performing hot-rolled sheet annealing in a continuous annealing furnace has a better magnetic flux density of B 8 ⁇ 1.90T.
- the inventors have found that rough rolling under the above conditions refines the hot-rolled sheet structure and improves the structure. This is believed to be because the homogenized grains facilitate secondary recrystallization of Goss-oriented grains having uniform orientations in the final annealing.
- C 0.02 to 0.10 mass%
- C is an element necessary for improving the hot-rolled sheet structure by utilizing the austenite-ferrite transformation that occurs during hot rolling and during soaking in hot-rolled sheet annealing.
- the C content is less than 0.02 mass%, the grain boundary strengthening effect of C is lost, causing defects such as cracks in the slab that hinder production.
- the C content exceeds 0.10 mass%, not only will the decarburization load increase, but the decarburization itself will be incomplete, which may cause magnetic aging in the product sheet. Therefore, the C content should be in the range of 0.02 to 0.10 mass%. It is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.08 mass%.
- Si 2.5 to 5.5 mass%
- Si is an element that is extremely effective in increasing the resistivity of steel and reducing eddy current loss that constitutes a part of core loss. If the Si content is less than 2.5 mass%, the reduction effect is small, and good iron loss characteristics cannot be obtained. On the other hand, the specific resistance of steel increases monotonously up to a Si content of 11 mass%, but when the Si content exceeds 5.5 mass%, the workability drops significantly, making it difficult to manufacture by rolling. Therefore, the Si content should be in the range of 2.5 to 5.5 mass%. It is preferably in the range of 3.0 to 4.0 mass%.
- Mn 0.01-0.30 mass%
- Mn forms MnS and MnSe and functions as an inhibitor that suppresses normal grain growth during the temperature rising process of final annealing, so it is an important element in the production of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets.
- the Mn content is less than 0.01 mass%, the absolute amount of the inhibitor becomes insufficient, and the ability to suppress normal grain growth becomes insufficient.
- the Mn content exceeds 0.30 mass %, it becomes difficult to sufficiently dissolve the Mn by heating the slab, and the magnetic properties deteriorate. Therefore, the content of Mn should be in the range of 0.01 to 0.30 mass%. It is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.20 mass%.
- S and Se 0.001 to 0.040 mass% in total of at least one S and Se combine with Mn to form MnS and MnSe, which act as inhibitors.
- the total content is less than 0.001 mass %, the amount of inhibitor will be insufficient, and the effect of improving magnetic properties will not be sufficiently obtained.
- the total content exceeds 0.040 mass %, it becomes difficult to achieve a sufficient solid solution by heating the slab, and the magnetic properties are greatly deteriorated.
- S exceeds 0.040 mass% edge cracking occurs during hot rolling. Therefore, in order to achieve both magnetic properties and manufacturability, the total content of S and Se should be in the range of 0.001 to 0.040 mass%. It is preferably in the range of 0.002 to 0.015 mass%.
- sol. Al 0.010 to 0.040 mass%
- Al is an element that forms and precipitates AlN, functions as an inhibitor that suppresses normal grain growth in secondary recrystallization annealing, and is an important element in grain-oriented electrical steel sheets.
- the Al content is less than 0.010 mass% in terms of acid-soluble Al (sol. Al)
- the absolute amount of the inhibitor is insufficient, and the ability to suppress normal grain growth is insufficient.
- sol. If Al exceeds 0.040 mass%, it cannot be dissolved sufficiently by heating the slab, and fine dispersion in the steel cannot be achieved, resulting in significant deterioration in magnetic properties. Therefore, the Al content is sol.
- Al should be in the range of 0.010 to 0.040 mass%. It is preferably in the range of 0.015 to 0.030 mass%.
- N 0.004 to 0.020 mass% N binds and precipitates with Al to form AlN, which acts as an inhibitor. If the content is less than 0.004 mass%, the absolute amount of the inhibitor is insufficient, and the ability to suppress normal grain growth is insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.020 mass%, the slab may swell during hot rolling. Therefore, the content of N should be in the range of 0.004 to 0.020 mass%. It is preferably in the range of 0.006 to 0.010 mass%.
- the steel material used in the present invention contains Ni: 0 to 1.00 mass%, Sb: 0 to 0.50 mass%, Sn: 0 to 0.50 mass%, and Cu for the purpose of improving magnetic properties.
- the amount of each element added exceeds the above upper limit, the growth of secondary recrystallized grains is suppressed, and the magnetic properties are rather deteriorated.
- Ni 0.01 mass% or more, Sb: 0.005 mass% or more, Sn: 0.005 mass% or more, Cu: 0.01 mass% or more, Cr: 0.01 mass% above, P: 0.005 mass% or more, Mo: 0.005 mass% or more, Nb: 0.001 mass% or more, V: 0.001 mass% or more, B: 0.0002 mass% or more, Bi: 0.005 mass% or more and Zr: It is desirable to add 0.001 mass% or more.
- the steel material used in the present invention has at least one selected from Co: 0 to 0.0500 mass% and Pb: 0 to 0.0100 mass% for the purpose of improving magnetic properties. It can contain seeds. If the amount of each element added exceeds the above upper limit, the growth of secondary recrystallized grains is suppressed and the magnetic properties are rather deteriorated. From the viewpoint of further improving the magnetic properties, it is desirable to add Co: 0.0020 mass % or more and Pb: 0.0001 mass % or more.
- the steel material used in the present invention further contains As: 0-0.0200 mass%, Zn: 0-0.0200 mass%, W: 0-0. 0100 mass%, Ge: 0 to 0.0050 mass%, Ga: 0 to 0.0050 mass%. If the amount of each element added exceeds the above upper limit, the growth of secondary recrystallized grains is suppressed and the magnetic properties are rather deteriorated. From the viewpoint of further improving the magnetic properties, As: 0.0010 mass% or more, Zn: 0.0010 mass% or more, W: 0.0010 mass% or more, Ge: 0.0001 mass% or more, Ga: 0.0001 mass% It is desirable to add more than
- Ti is a harmful element that forms nitrides and impairs the inhibitor effect of AlN, and is preferably reduced as much as possible. However, although the reduction of Ti increases the refining cost, it is acceptable if it is 0.010 mass% or less. A more preferable content is 0.0020 mass% or less.
- the balance other than the above components is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- the above-mentioned unavoidable impurities mean elements that are unavoidably mixed from raw materials, scraps, smelting pots, etc. when steel is smelted.
- the steel material (slab) used for manufacturing the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention is produced by melting steel having the above-described chemical composition by a commonly known refining process and then by a commonly known ingot casting method or continuous casting method. Alternatively, a thin slab having a thickness of 100 mm or less may be produced by a direct casting method.
- the above slabs and thin cast pieces are subjected to hot rolling after being heated by a normal method, but it is desirable that the slab heating temperature before hot rolling is 1300°C or higher so that the inhibitor-forming components are completely dissolved.
- the heated slab is subjected to hot rolling consisting of rough rolling and finish rolling.
- the rough rolling of the hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of 1100 to 1400 ° C. in one or more passes.
- the next rolling pass is carried out in the opposite direction with an interval of 5 seconds or more, and the total rolling reduction of the rough rolling is set to 75% or more.
- Rough rolling that satisfies the above conditions suppresses the occurrence of ridging in the post-process, reduces the risk of strip threading problems in the production line, prevents deterioration of the surface quality of the final product strip, and prevents lamination. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the risk of lowering the space factor when assembling a transformer or the like.
- the finish rolling subsequent to the rough rolling is preferably carried out in two or more passes within the range of 800 to 1300°C.
- the coiling temperature after finish rolling is preferably in the range of 400 to 750° C. from the viewpoints of controlling the structure of carbide and preventing defects such as cracks. More preferably, it is in the range of 500 to 700°C.
- the steel sheet (hot-rolled sheet) after the hot rolling is preferably subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing at a temperature of 800 to 1250 ° C. for 5 seconds or more from the viewpoint of homogenizing the steel sheet structure and reducing variations in magnetic properties. . More preferably, the temperature is maintained at 900 to 1150° C. for 10 to 180 seconds. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of increasing the recrystallization rate and preventing the occurrence of ridging, it is preferable to set the average heating rate between 600 and 800° C. to 1° C./s or more. Alternatively, after the soaking, it is preferable to cool the temperature range from 800° C. to 350° C. at a cooling rate of 5 to 100° C./s from the viewpoint of controlling the morphology of the second phase and precipitates. More preferably, it is 15 to 80°C/s.
- the steel sheet (hot-rolled sheet) after hot rolling or after hot-rolled sheet annealing is preferably subjected to descaling treatment in order to remove the oxide film on the surface of the steel sheet formed during hot rolling.
- descaling treatment method a known method such as a pickling method using a heated acid, a mechanical descaling method for mechanically removing scale, or a method combining them can be used.
- the descaled hot-rolled sheet is cold-rolled once or cold-rolled twice or more with intermediate annealing to obtain a cold-rolled sheet with the final thickness.
- the intermediate annealing is preferably carried out at a temperature of 800 to 1250° C. for 5 seconds or longer. If the temperature is less than 800° C., the recrystallized grains become too fine, the number of Goss nuclei in the primary recrystallized structure decreases, and the magnetic properties may deteriorate. On the other hand, if the temperature exceeds 1250° C., rapid growth and decomposition of the inhibitor occur, which may also lead to deterioration of the magnetic properties. More preferably, the temperature is maintained at 900 to 1150° C. for 10 to 180 seconds.
- the cooling after the soaking is preferably from 800°C to 350°C at a rate of 5 to 100°C/s from the viewpoint of controlling the morphology of the second phase and precipitates. More preferably, it is 15 to 80°C/s.
- it is preferable to remove the rolling oil before the intermediate annealing.
- it is desirable to remove the scale on the surface of the steel sheet caused by the annealing.
- known methods such as a pickling method using a heated acid, a mechanical descaling method for mechanically removing scale, and a method combining them can be used.
- the total rolling reduction of the cold rolling is preferably in the range of 50 to 92%.
- the cold rolling is performed twice or more, it is preferable to set the total rolling reduction of the final cold rolling to the final plate thickness in the range of 50 to 92%.
- the steel sheet (cold-rolled sheet) cold-rolled to the final thickness is then subjected to primary recrystallization annealing that also serves as decarburization annealing, but before that, degreasing and pickling are performed to clean the surface of the steel sheet.
- Decarburization annealing in the primary recrystallization annealing is preferably carried out at a temperature of 750 to 950° C. for 10 seconds or longer. More preferable conditions are 800-900° C. ⁇ 30-180 s.
- the atmosphere during the decarburization annealing is preferably a moist atmosphere containing H 2 and N 2 and having a dew point of 20 to 80°C. A more preferred dew point is in the range of 40-70°C.
- the steel sheet is preferably coated with an annealing separator containing MgO as a main component on the surface of the steel sheet in a basis weight of 3 g/m 2 or more per side.
- the upper limit of the basis weight is not particularly limited, it is preferably about 10 g/m 2 from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
- MgO may be applied to the surface of the steel sheet in the form of a slurry, or may be dry-applied by electrostatic coating. When the slurry is applied, it is preferable to keep the slurry solution at a constant temperature of 15° C. or less in order to suppress the viscosity increase of the slurry.
- the said MgO is a main component means that content of MgO with respect to the whole annealing separator is 60 mass% or more.
- the steel sheet coated with the annealing separator is wound into a coil, placed in an up-ended state, and subjected to finish annealing to develop secondary recrystallized grains and form a forsterite coating on the surface of the steel sheet.
- the atmosphere of a part of the temperature range of 800° C. or higher including the purification treatment in which the temperature is kept at 1050 to 1300° C. for 3 hours or longer is an atmosphere containing H 2 .
- the steel sheet subjected to the above finish annealing is then washed with water, brushed, or pickled in order to remove the unreacted annealing separator. It is preferable to perform flattening annealing in order to reduce the
- grain-oriented electrical steel sheets are often used by laminating steel sheets, and in order to ensure insulation in that case, it is preferable to coat the surface of the steel sheet with an insulating coating. It is preferable to employ a tension applying type for the insulating coating, which has an effect of reducing iron loss.
- the insulating coating may be applied to the surface of the steel sheet by applying a coating solution before the flattening annealing and baking the steel sheet by the flattening annealing, or may be carried out on a separate line.
- a tension imparting coating is formed via a binder, and a method of depositing inorganic substances on the steel plate surface layer using physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition is adopted.
- grooves are formed on the surface of the steel sheet by etching or the like, or after forming an insulating coating, in one of the processes after cold rolling, heat such as laser or plasma is applied to the surface of the steel sheet.
- the magnetic domain refining treatment may be performed by irradiating an energy beam to form a thermally strained region, or by pressing a roll having projections or the like against the steel sheet surface to form a work strained region.
- Hot-rolled sheet annealing by heating between 600 and 800°C to 1000°C at an average heating rate of 1°C/s in an annealing furnace, holding at the above temperature for 30s, and then water cooling from 800°C to 350°C at 20°C/s.
- the remaining one was heated in a continuous annealing furnace from 600 to 800 ° C. at an average temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./s to 1000 ° C., held at the above temperature for 30 seconds, and then increased from 800 ° C. to 350 ° C. for 20 seconds.
- the hot-rolled sheet was annealed by water cooling at °C/s.
- the degree of ridging was evaluated in the same manner as in Experiment 1, and the maximum height roughness Rz is also shown in Table 3.
- the hot-rolled sheet manufactured under the manufacturing conditions suitable for the present invention has Rz of 50 ⁇ m or less after the tensile test, and ridging is greatly suppressed.
- the hot-rolled and annealed sheet manufactured under the manufacturing conditions suitable for the present invention has an Rz of 20 ⁇ m or less after a tensile test, indicating that ridging is further suppressed.
- the hot-rolled sheet and hot-rolled annealed sheet were pickled to remove surface scales, then cold-rolled to an intermediate sheet thickness of 1.2 mm, and held at a temperature of 1000° C. for 120 seconds. After that, intermediate annealing was performed from 800° C. to 350° C. by water cooling at 30° C./s, and after pickling, the second cold rolling was performed to obtain a cold-rolled sheet having a final thickness of 0.18 mm.
- primary recrystallization annealing which also serves as decarburization annealing, was performed at 900°C for 80 seconds in a moist atmosphere containing H 2 and N 2 with a dew point of 55°C.
- an annealing separator containing MgO as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet at 5 g/m 2 per side and dried.
- final annealing was performed at 1220° C. for 5 hours for purification. In the final annealing, the temperature range of 1000° C. or higher was an atmosphere containing H 2 as the main component.
- a phosphate-based insulation tension coating is applied, and flattening annealing is performed for the purpose of baking the coating and correcting the shape of the steel sheet. and made it a product board.
- a test piece for measuring magnetic properties is collected from the innermost and outermost windings of the product coil thus obtained, and the magnetic flux density B 8 at a magnetizing force of 800 A / m is measured by the method described in JIS C2550-1 (2011).
- the value with the lowest magnetic flux density was taken as the guaranteed value in the coil, and the results are also shown in Table 3. From these results, it can be seen that good magnetic flux densities of B 8 ⁇ 1.87 T are obtained for all product sheets manufactured using hot-rolled sheets manufactured under manufacturing conditions suitable for the present invention. .
- the product sheets manufactured by subjecting the hot-rolled sheet to annealing under the conditions suitable for the present invention all have a better magnetic flux density of B ⁇ 1.90 T, and furthermore, the hot-rolled sheet annealing It can be seen that the faster the heating rate, the higher the magnetic flux density.
- the degree of ridging was evaluated in the same manner as in Experiment 1, and the obtained maximum height roughness Rz is also shown in Table 4. From these results, it can be seen that the hot-rolled sheets manufactured under the conditions suitable for the present invention all have Rz of 50 ⁇ m or less, and ridging is greatly suppressed. In addition, the hot-rolled and annealed sheets produced under the conditions suitable for the present invention all have Rz of 20 ⁇ m or less, indicating that ridging is further suppressed.
- the hot-rolled sheet and the hot-rolled annealed sheet were pickled to remove surface scales, then cold-rolled to an intermediate sheet thickness of 1.8 mm, and held at a temperature of 1100° C. for 60 seconds.
- the steel sheet was subjected to intermediate annealing from 800°C to 350°C by water cooling at 60°C/s, pickled, and cold-rolled for the second time to obtain a cold-rolled sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm.
- primary recrystallization annealing was performed at 880° C.
- a phosphate-based insulation tension coating is applied, and flattening annealing is performed for the purpose of baking the coating and correcting the shape of the steel sheet. and made it a product board.
- a test piece for measuring magnetic properties is collected from the innermost and outermost windings of the product coil thus obtained, and the magnetic flux density B 8 at a magnetizing force of 800 A / m is measured by the method described in JIS C2550-1 (2011).
- the value with the lowest magnetic flux density was taken as the guaranteed value in the coil, and the results are also shown in Table 4. From these results, the product sheets manufactured using the hot-rolled sheets manufactured under the manufacturing conditions suitable for the present invention all had B 8 ⁇ 1.87 T without hot-rolled sheet annealing and with hot-rolled sheet annealing. It can be seen that a good magnetic flux density of B 8 ⁇ 1.90T is obtained.
- the product sheet to which appropriate components are added in addition to the essential components has a better magnetic flux density (without hot-rolled sheet annealing: B 8 ⁇ 1 .90 T, with hot-rolled sheet annealing: B 8 ⁇ 1.93 T) is obtained.
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Abstract
Description
記
・鋼スラブを加熱し、1100~1400℃の温度域で1パス以上の粗圧延をした後、800~1300℃の温度域で2パス以上の仕上圧延をして熱延板とし、その後、400~750℃の巻取温度でコイルに巻き取る熱間圧延工程
・熱延板焼鈍を行う場合は、800~1250℃の温度域で5s以上保持した後、800℃から350℃まで5~100℃/sで冷却する熱延板焼鈍工程
・冷間圧延を1回行う場合は、その総圧下率を50~92%の範囲とし、冷間圧延を2回以上行う場合は、最終板厚に仕上げる最終冷間圧延の総圧下率を50~92%の範囲とする冷間圧延工程
・中間焼鈍を行う場合は、800~1250℃の温度域で5s以上保持した後、800℃から350℃まで5~100℃/sで冷却する中間焼鈍工程
・H2とN2とを含み、かつ露点が20~80℃以下の湿潤雰囲気下で、750~950℃の温度域で10s以上保持する脱炭焼鈍を兼ねた一次再結晶焼鈍工程
・MgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を鋼板表面に片面当たり3g/m2以上塗布する焼鈍分離剤塗布工程
・少なくとも1050~1300℃の温度に3hr以上保持する純化処理を含む、800℃以上の温度域の一部の雰囲気をH2含有雰囲気とする仕上焼鈍工程
<実験1>
C:0.05mass%、Si:3.2mass%、Mn:0.09mass%、S:0.002mass%、Se:0.020mass%、sol.Al:0.025mass%およびN:0.007mass%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有する厚さ260mmの鋼スラブを8本製造し、1350℃の温度に加熱した後、熱間粗圧延を行った。粗圧延は3パスで行い、各パスの圧延方向、圧延温度、圧延後の板厚および粗圧延の総圧下率は表1に示した。その後、7パスの熱間仕上圧延行って板厚2.2mmの熱延板とした後、水冷して600℃の温度でコイルに巻き取った。
フェライトを主体とした方向性電磁鋼板は、熱間圧延後には再結晶し難いが、粗圧延を高温で行うことで再結晶し易くなる。また、圧延パス後、5s以上時間をあけることで、当該パスで導入された歪エネルギーによって部分的に再結晶が起こり、組織が微細化するとともに、歪エネルギーが蓄積し難い圧延組織は、この時点では圧延組織のまま残存すると考えられる。この状況で、逆方向に次の圧延パスを行うと、一方向に圧延パスを行う場合よりも、歪エネルギーが蓄積し難い圧延組織内にも効果的に歪エネルギーが蓄積され、その結果、当該圧延パス後に再結晶組織が占める割合が増加し、熱延板組織が微細化する。このような微細組織を有する熱延板は、冷間圧延時に幅方向で均一な塑性流動が起こり、リジングを強く抑制すると考えられる。
熱延板を酸洗して表面のスケールを除去した後、冷間圧延して最終板厚(製品板厚)0.23mmの冷延板とした。次いで、上記冷延板に、H2とN2を含む露点60℃の湿潤雰囲気下で820℃×60sの脱炭焼鈍を兼ねた一次再結晶焼鈍を施した。次いで、MgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を鋼板表面に片面当たり3g/m2で塗布、乾燥した。その後、二次再結晶させた後、1150℃×20hrで純化処理する仕上焼鈍を施した。上記仕上焼鈍では、1100℃以上の温度域ではH2を主成分とする雰囲気とした。次いで、上記仕上焼鈍後の鋼板表面から未反応の焼鈍分離剤を除去した後、リン酸塩系の絶縁張力被膜を塗布し、被膜の焼付けと鋼板の形状矯正を目的とする平坦化焼鈍を施して製品板とした。
C:0.08mass%、Si:3.0mass%、Mn:0.08mass%、S:0.008mass%、Se:0.015mass%、sol.Al:0.015mass%およびN:0.008mass%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有する厚さ260mmの鋼スラブを8本製造し、1380℃の温度に加熱した後、熱間粗圧延を行った。熱間粗圧延は4パスで行い、各パスの圧延方向、圧延温度、圧延後の板厚および粗圧延の総圧下率は表2に示した。その後、6パスの熱間仕上圧延行って板厚2.8mmの熱延板とした後、水冷して500℃の温度でコイルに巻き取った。その後、上記熱延板は、表2に示したように、一部の熱延板については、バッチ焼鈍炉または連続焼鈍炉で熱延板焼鈍を施した。バッチ焼鈍炉を用いた熱延板焼鈍では、600~800℃間を平均昇温速度20℃/hrで900℃まで加熱し、20hr間保持した後、炉冷した。一方、連続焼鈍炉を用いた熱延板焼鈍では、600~800℃間を平均昇温速度5℃/sで900℃まで加熱し、120s間保持した後、800℃から350℃まで60℃/sで水冷した。
前述したように、熱間圧延の粗圧延のいずれかの圧延パスを1200℃以上で行った後、次の圧延パスを、5s以上時間を空けて1200℃以上で逆方向に行うことで熱延板組織が微細化すると考えられるが、さらに、粗圧延の総圧下率を75%以上とすることで上記効果が増大し、再結晶組織が占める割合が増加する結果、熱延板組織がより微細化すると考えられる。
バッチ焼鈍炉で熱延板焼鈍を施した場合には、昇温速度が遅いため、再結晶温度域に到達する前に回復が進行して歪エネルギーが減少し、再結晶の駆動力が失われる結果、再結晶率の増加には繋がらない。一方、熱延板焼鈍を連続焼鈍炉で施した場合には、昇温速度が高いため、歪エネルギーが再結晶を起こす高温域まで保持されて再結晶の駆動力が高まるため、再結晶率が顕著に増加し、結晶粒がより微細化したものと考えられる。
熱延板を酸洗して表面のスケールを除去した後、冷間圧延して最終板厚(製品板厚)0.27mmの冷延板とした。次いで、上記冷延板に、H2とN2を含む露点55℃の湿潤雰囲気下で800℃×180sの脱炭焼鈍を兼ねた一次再結晶焼鈍を施した。次いで、MgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を鋼板表面に片面当たり7g/m2で塗布、乾燥した。その後、二次再結晶させた後、1200℃×20hrの純化処理する仕上焼鈍を施した。仕上焼鈍では、850℃以上の温度域ではH2を主成分とする雰囲気とした。次いで、上記仕上焼鈍後の鋼板表面から未反応の焼鈍分離剤を除去した後、リン酸塩系の絶縁張力被膜を塗布し、被膜の焼付けと鋼帯の平坦化を目的とする平坦化焼鈍を施して製品板とした。
C:0.02~0.10mass%
Cは、熱延時および熱延板焼鈍の均熱時に起こるオーステナイト-フェライト変態を利用して熱延板組織の改善を図るために必要な元素である。また、C含有量が0.02mass%に満たないと、Cによる粒界強化効果が失われ、スラブに割れが生じるなど、製造に支障を来たす欠陥を引き起こす。一方、C含有量が0.10mass%を超えると、脱炭処理の負荷が増大するばかりでなく、脱炭自体が不完全となり、製品板において磁気時効を起こす原因ともなる。そのため、Cの含有量は0.02~0.10mass%の範囲とする。好ましくは0.03~0.08mass%の範囲である。
Siは、鋼の比抵抗を高めて鉄損の一部を構成する渦電流損を低減するのに極めて有効な元素である。Si含有量が2.5mass%未満では、上記低減効果が小さく、良好な鉄損特性を得ることができない。一方、鋼の比抵抗は、Si含有量が11mass%までは単調に増加するものの、5.5mass%を超えると加工性が著しく低下し、圧延して製造することが困難となる。そのため、Siの含有量は2.5~5.5mass%の範囲とする。好ましくは3.0~4.0mass%の範囲である。
Mnは、MnSおよびMnSeを形成し、仕上焼鈍の昇温過程で正常粒成長を抑制するインヒビターとして機能するため、方向性電磁鋼板の製造においては重要な元素である。しかし、Mn含有量が0.01mass%に満たないと、インヒビターの絶対量が不足し、正常粒成長の抑制力が不十分となる。一方、Mn含有量が0.30mass%を超えると、スラブ加熱で十分に固溶させることが難しくなり、磁気特性が劣化するようになる。そのため、Mnの含有量は0.01~0.30mass%の範囲とする。好ましくは0.05~0.20mass%の範囲である。
SおよびSeは、Mnと結合してインヒビターとなるMnSやMnSeを形成する。しかし、合計含有量が0.001mass%に満たないと、インヒビター量が不足し、磁気特性向上効果が十分に得られない。一方、合計含有量が0.040mass%を超えると、スラブ加熱で十分に固溶させることが難しくなり、磁気特性が大きく劣化するようになる。また、Sは0.040mass%を超えると、熱間圧延時に耳割れが発生するようになる。そこで、磁気特性と製造性を両立するため、SとSeの合計含有量は0.001~0.040mass%の範囲とする。好ましくは0.002~0.015mass%の範囲である。
Alは、AlNを形成して析出し、二次再結晶焼鈍において、正常粒成長を抑制するインヒビターとして機能する元素であり、方向性電磁鋼板においては重要な元素である。しかし、Al含有量が、酸可溶性Al(sol.Al)で0.010mass%に満たないと、インヒビターの絶対量が不足し、正常粒成長の抑制力が不足する。一方、sol.Alで0.040mass%を超えると、スラブ加熱で十分に固溶させることができなくなり、鋼中への微細分散が達成されず、磁気特性が大きく劣化するようになる。そのため、Alの含有量はsol.Alで0.010~0.040mass%の範囲とする。好ましくは0.015~0.030mass%の範囲である。
Nは、Alと結合・析出してインヒビターとなるAlNを形成するが、含有量が0.004mass%未満では、インヒビターの絶対量が不足し、正常粒成長の抑制力が不足する。一方、0.020mass%を超えると、熱間圧延時にスラブが膨れを起こすおそれがある。そのため、Nの含有量は0.004~0.020mass%の範囲とする。好ましくは0.006~0.010mass%の範囲である。
本発明の方向性電磁鋼板の製造に用いる鋼素材(スラブ)は、上記した成分組成を有する鋼を通常公知の精錬プロセスで溶製した後、通常公知の造塊法あるいは連続鋳造法で製造してもよいし、100mm以下の厚さの薄鋳片を直接鋳造法で製造してもよい。
上記熱間圧延の粗圧延は、1100~1400℃間の温度域で1パス以上の粗圧延を行うが、本発明の特徴は、上記粗圧延のいずれかの圧延パスを1200℃以上の温度域で行った後、次の圧延パスを、5s以上時間を空けて逆方向に行い、かつ、粗圧延の総圧下率を75%以上とすることにある。上記条件を満たして粗圧延を行うことで、後工程でのリジング発生が抑制され、製造ラインでの通板トラブルの発生リスクを低減したり、最終製品板の表面品質の低下を防止し、積層して変圧器等を組み立てるときの占積率の低下リスクを低減したりすることが可能となる。さらに、上記のように逆方向の圧延パスを行う際には1200℃以上で行うことが好ましい。
Claims (6)
- C:0.02~0.10mass%、Si:2.5~5.5mass%、Mn:0.01~0.30mass%、sol.Al:0.010~0.040mass%、N:0.004~0.020mass%およびSとSeのうちの少なくとも1種を合計で0.001~0.040mass%含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有する鋼スラブを加熱した後、熱間圧延し、次いで、熱延板焼鈍を施した後もしくは施すことなく、1回もしくは中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延して最終板厚の冷延板とし、脱炭焼鈍を兼ねた一次再結晶焼鈍し、焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、仕上焼鈍を施す工程を含む方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法において、
上記スラブの加熱温度は1300℃以上とし、
上記熱間圧延の粗圧延では、いずれかの圧延パスを1200℃以上の温度域で行った後、5s以上時間を空けて逆方向に次の圧延パスを行い、かつ、粗圧延の総圧下率を75%以上とすることを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 上記熱間圧延した後、600℃から800℃までの間の平均昇温速度を1℃/s以上とし、800~1250℃間の温度域で保持する熱延板焼鈍を施すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 上記工程は、下記の条件を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
記
・鋼スラブを加熱し、1100~1400℃の温度域で1パス以上の粗圧延をした後、800~1300℃の温度域で2パス以上の仕上圧延をして熱延板とし、その後、400~750℃の巻取温度でコイルに巻き取る熱間圧延工程
・熱延板焼鈍を行う場合は、800~1250℃の温度域で5s以上保持した後、800℃から350℃まで5~100℃/sで冷却する熱延板焼鈍工程
・冷間圧延を1回行う場合は、その総圧下率を50~92%の範囲とし、冷間圧延を2回以上行う場合は、最終板厚に仕上げる最終冷間圧延の総圧下率を50~92%の範囲とする冷間圧延工程
・中間焼鈍を行う場合は、800~1250℃の温度域で5s以上保持した後、800℃から350℃まで5~100℃/sで冷却する中間焼鈍工程
・H2とN2とを含み、かつ露点が20~80℃以下の湿潤雰囲気下で、750~950℃の温度域で10s以上保持する脱炭焼鈍を兼ねた一次再結晶焼鈍工程
・MgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を鋼板表面に片面当たり3g/m2以上塗布する焼鈍分離剤塗布工程
・少なくとも1050~1300℃の温度に3hr以上保持する純化処理を含む、800℃以上の温度域の一部の雰囲気をH2含有雰囲気とする仕上焼鈍工程 - 上記鋼スラブは、上記成分組成に加えてさらに、Ni:0~1.00mass%、Sb:0~0.50mass%、Sn:0~0.50mass%、Cu:0~0.50mass%、Cr:0~0.50mass%、P:0~0.50mass%、Mo:0~0.50mass%、Nb:0~0.020mass%、V:0~0.010mass%、B:0~0.0025mass%、Bi:0~0.50mass%およびZr:0~0.10mass%のうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 上記鋼スラブは、上記成分組成に加えてさらに、Co:0~0.0500mass%、Pb:0~0.0100mass%のうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有することを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 上記鋼スラブは、上記成分組成に加えてさらに、As:0~0.0200mass%、Zn:0~0.0200mass%、W:0~0.0100mass%、Ge:0~0.0050mass%、Ga:0~0.0050mass%のうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有することを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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