WO2022210442A1 - 硬化樹脂組成物とその硬化物 - Google Patents
硬化樹脂組成物とその硬化物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210442A1 WO2022210442A1 PCT/JP2022/014726 JP2022014726W WO2022210442A1 WO 2022210442 A1 WO2022210442 A1 WO 2022210442A1 JP 2022014726 W JP2022014726 W JP 2022014726W WO 2022210442 A1 WO2022210442 A1 WO 2022210442A1
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- curable resin
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- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 125000006158 tetracarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 maleimide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 114
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 57
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KJPLRQFMMRYYFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-2-yl cyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(OC#N)=CC=C21 KJPLRQFMMRYYFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diol Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(O)=CC=C21 NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FVXBCDWMKCEPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)O FVXBCDWMKCEPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSFOMHQIATOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoyl octaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCC SRSFOMHQIATOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CO1 AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFOIOXZLTXNHQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1OC(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)C1C(O)=O UFOIOXZLTXNHQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBDSZLJBMIMQRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Cumylphenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 QBDSZLJBMIMQRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NOHFYJWXIIYRIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 4-cyanatobenzoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC#N)C=CC=1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 NOHFYJWXIIYRIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWHFDTWZHFRTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl cyanate Chemical compound N#COC1=CC=CC=C1 CWHFDTWZHFRTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl propionaldehyde Natural products CCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C1=CC=CC=C1 PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006290 polyethylene naphthalate film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNFWGDKKNWGGJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanimidamide Chemical compound CCC(N)=N GNFWGDKKNWGGJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionamide Chemical compound CCC(N)=O QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940080818 propionamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- NNOBHPBYUHDMQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylphosphine Chemical compound CCCP NNOBHPBYUHDMQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRDBISOHUUQXHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)N=C1C(O)=O JRDBISOHUUQXHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical class [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- IYMSIPPWHNIMGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylurea Chemical class NC(=O)N[SiH3] IYMSIPPWHNIMGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-3-morpholin-4-ylpropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN1CCOCC1 WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TXDNPSYEJHXKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylsilane Chemical class S[SiH3] TXDNPSYEJHXKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAXARSVKYJPDPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-prop-2-ynylpiperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCN(CC#C)CC1 OAXARSVKYJPDPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005497 tetraalkylphosphonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHPYAGKTTCKKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraphenylphosphanium;thiocyanate Chemical compound [S-]C#N.C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 GHPYAGKTTCKKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- USFPINLPPFWTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenylphosphonium Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 USFPINLPPFWTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- IFXORIIYQORRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenzylphosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CP(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IFXORIIYQORRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3-isocyanatopropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN=C=O FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- ZSOVVFMGSCDMIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(naphthalen-1-yl)silane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C([Si](OC)(OC)OC)=CC=CC2=C1 ZSOVVFMGSCDMIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKLXSINPXIQKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(oct-7-enyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCCCC=C RKLXSINPXIQKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLNOVKKVHFRGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical group [CH2]CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC QLNOVKKVHFRGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQEGZYAXBCFSBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-(4-methylphenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 XQEGZYAXBCFSBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYJYJTDXBIYRHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[8-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)octyl]silane Chemical compound C(C1CO1)OCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC QYJYJTDXBIYRHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMLWFCUAXGSMBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1OC)OC)C1=C(OC)C=CC=C1OC CMLWFCUAXGSMBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)C1=CC=CC=C1C COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical class [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/085—Unsaturated polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/36—Amides or imides
- C08F222/40—Imides, e.g. cyclic imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/12—Unsaturated polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L35/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/293—Organic, e.g. plastic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cured resin composition and its cured product.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention can be applied to protective films, interlayer insulating films, insulating films of rewiring layers, underfills, and the like, which can be used for semiconductor elements, semiconductor substrates, and the like.
- Wiring boards using BT resin which is a resin in which a bisphenol A-type cyanate ester compound and a bismaleimide compound disclosed in Patent Document 1 are used in combination, are excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance, electrical properties, etc., and conventional high-performance wiring Widely used as board. However, improvements are required under the circumstances where higher performance is required as described above.
- maleimide compounds available on the market are low-molecular-weight and rigid bismaleimide compounds, and because they are crystals with a high melting point, they must be used in the form of a solution. However, they are difficult to dissolve in general-purpose organic solvents, and have the drawback of being soluble only in high-boiling and highly hygroscopic solvents such as N,N-dimethylacetamide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- a cured product of a bismaleimide compound has good heat resistance, but has the drawback of being brittle and highly hygroscopic.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 maleimide resins having a molecular weight distribution, a relatively low softening point, and better solvent solubility than conventional bismaleimide compounds have also been developed. However, it is still not sufficient because there are issues with adhesion to substrates in high-temperature environments, especially with respect to materials such as silicon and copper, which are used as materials for devices and substrates, at high temperatures.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-30440 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-100016 Japanese Patent No. 5030297 Japanese Patent No. 6689475 Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-75222 Japanese Patent No. 6752390
- a resin having a ring structure is often used. tend to be less sexual.
- the compatibility between resins is also reduced, and even if it is maleimide resin, it is not necessarily compatible, and in particular, resins having multiple long-chain aliphatic chains and ring structures are generally incompatible combinations. target.
- a cured product composed of a resin composition that uses incompatible resins has poor heat resistance and may cause cracks. It was unsuitable for use in applications such as layer insulation films and underfill.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and relates to a resin composition containing a maleimide resin that is compatible even when the main skeletons are different from each other, and has excellent heat resistance, mechanical properties, and low dielectric properties.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a curable resin composition exhibiting properties and a cured product thereof.
- a resin composition that is stable and compatible even in a solution state improves workability during resin composition production, and can be mixed with other various materials, so that the range of material design can be expanded. .
- each of a plurality of R's independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- m represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is the number of repetitions, and the average The values are 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 5.
- R 1 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid
- R 2 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group other than the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid.
- R 3 is a divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid
- R 4 and R 5 are each independently a tetravalent C 6 to C 40 having a monocyclic or condensed polycyclic alicyclic structure organic group, a tetravalent organic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms in which an organic group having a monocyclic alicyclic structure is connected to each other directly or via a bridge structure, and an alicyclic structure and an aromatic ring
- R 6 is a tetravalent organic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms containing a hydrocarbon ring, and the organic group may contain an aromatic ring.
- X 1 is a direct bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a sulfonyl group, or a divalent organic group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- X 2 is a direct bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a sulfonyl group, a divalent organic group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an arylene group.
- the component (C) has a maleimide compound, a cyanate ester compound, a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, an oxetane resin, a benzoxazine compound, a carbodiimide compound, and an ethylenically unsaturated group other than the components (A) and (B).
- the curable resin composition according to [5] above which is one or more selected from the group consisting of compounds.
- [7] The curable resin composition according to the preceding item [5] or [6], wherein the component (C) is a compound represented by the following formula (5).
- R a and R b are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms na represents a number from 1 to 16, and nb represents a number from 1 to 16. na and nb may be the same or different.
- the thermal radical polymerization initiator is an organic peroxide.
- the content of the component (A) is 30% by weight or more and less than 95% by weight
- the content of the component (B) is 3% by weight or more and less than 60% by weight
- the curable resin composition of the present invention has excellent solution stability and compatibility, which greatly improves workability, and the cured product has excellent mechanical properties and low dielectric properties.
- the present invention will be described in detail below. First, the method for producing the maleimide resin of the present invention will be described.
- the maleimide resin (A) of the present invention has a divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from dimer acid and a cyclic imide bond.
- a maleimide resin (A) can be obtained by reacting a diamine (a-1) derived from a dimer acid, a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2), and a maleic anhydride. .
- the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from the dimer acid refers to a divalent residue obtained by removing two carboxyl groups from the dicarboxylic acid contained in the dimer acid.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from such a dimer acid is a diamine (a -1) can be introduced into the maleimide resin by reacting it with a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) and maleic anhydride described below to form an imide bond.
- the dimer acid is preferably a dicarboxylic acid having 20 to 60 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the dimer acid include those obtained by dimerizing unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids such as linoleic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid, followed by purification by distillation.
- the dimer acid of the specific example above mainly contains a dicarboxylic acid having 36 carbon atoms, and usually contains up to about 5% by mass of a tricarboxylic acid and a monocarboxylic acid having 54 carbon atoms, respectively.
- the diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid of the present invention has two carboxyl groups of each dicarboxylic acid contained in the dimer acid. It is a diamine obtained by substituting an amino group, and is usually a mixture.
- examples of such dimer acid-derived diamine (a-1) include diamines such as [3,4-bis(1-aminoheptyl)6-hexyl-5-(1-octenyl)]cyclohexane, and those containing diamines saturated with unsaturated bonds by further hydrogenating these diamines.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from the dimer acid of the present invention which is introduced into the maleimide resin using such a diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid, It is preferably a residue obtained by removing two amino groups from the derived diamine (a-1).
- the maleimide resin (A) of the present invention is obtained using the diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid, one diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid is used alone. or two or more different compositions may be used in combination.
- commercially available products such as "PRIAMINE 1074" (manufactured by Croda Japan Co., Ltd.) may be used.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) has an alicyclic structure adjacent to the anhydride group, and when converted into a bismaleimide compound after the reaction, the imide ring adjacent site is an alicyclic It is a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a structure that forms a ring structure. If the imide ring-adjacent portion has an alicyclic structure, the structure may additionally contain an aromatic ring.
- the maleimide resin (A) preferably has the following formula (2).
- R 4 and R 5 are structures derived from tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2).
- R 1 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid
- R 2 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group other than the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid
- R 3 is a divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid, and a divalent organic group other than the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid (b)
- R 4 and R 5 each independently have a monocyclic or condensed polycyclic alicyclic structure with 4 to 40 carbon atoms (preferably a 6 to 40), a tetravalent organic group having 8 to 40 carbon atoms in which an organic group having a monocyclic alicyclic structure is connected to each other directly or via a crosslinked structure, and an alicyclic one or more organic groups selected from tetravalent organic groups having 8 to 40 carbon atoms having a semi-alicyclic structure having both a ring structure and an aromatic ring
- m is an integer
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) is preferably a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure represented by the following formula (3).
- a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure represented by the following formula (3) has an alicyclic structure adjacent to an anhydride group.
- Cy is a tetravalent organic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms containing a hydrocarbon ring, and the organic group may also contain an aromatic ring.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure represented by the above formula (3) can be specifically represented by the following formula (3-a).
- R 6 is a tetravalent organic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms containing a hydrocarbon ring, and the organic group may contain an aromatic ring.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) is a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure represented by the following formulas (4-1) to (4-11).
- a-2 tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an alicyclic structure represented by the following formulas (4-1) to (4-11).
- formulas (4-1) to (4-11) Preferably.
- Tetracarboxylic dianhydrides (a-2) represented by formulas (4-1) to (4-11) have 4 to 40 carbon atoms (preferably a tetravalent organic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms), a tetravalent organic group having 8 to 40 carbon atoms in which organic groups having a monocyclic alicyclic structure are connected to each other directly or via a crosslinked structure, or It has a structure containing a C8-C40 tetravalent organic group having a semi-alicyclic structure having both an alicyclic structure and an aromatic ring.
- X 1 is a direct bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a sulfonyl group, or a divalent organic group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- X 2 is a direct bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a sulfonyl group, or a divalent organic group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an arylene group.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure represented by the above formulas (4-1) to (4-11) is represented by the following formulas (4-1a) to (4-11a) ).
- X 1 is a direct bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a sulfonyl group, or a divalent organic group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- X 2 is a direct bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a sulfonyl group, a divalent organic group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an arylene group.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) used in the present invention is a tetravalent having 4 to 40 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 40 carbon atoms) having a monocyclic or condensed polycyclic alicyclic structure.
- organic group a tetravalent organic group having 8 to 40 carbon atoms in which an organic group having a monocyclic alicyclic structure is connected to each other directly or via a bridge structure, or both an alicyclic structure and an aromatic ring has a C8-40 tetravalent organic group having a semi-alicyclic structure.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure examples include 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (CBDA), 1,2-dimethyl-1 , 2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,4- Cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (H-PMDA), 1,1'-bicyclohexane-3,3',4,4'-tetracarboxylic Acid-3,4: 3',4'-dianhydride (H-BPDA), 4-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) is preferably a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure represented by the following formula (6).
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) is preferably a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure represented by the following formula (7).
- the lower limit of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) is preferably 40 mol% or more, more preferably 80 mol% or more, and 90 mol% or more. is particularly preferred.
- the upper limit may be 100 mol % or less.
- the content of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) in the total amount of the acid dianhydrides is less than 40 mol%, the light gathering rate is low, and small pattern openings tend not to be obtained. This may reduce the resolution of the pattern to be printed.
- acid dianhydrides containing an aromatic ring adjacent to an anhydride group other than the tetracarboxylic dianhydride include pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4'-oxydiphthalic acid.
- the maleimide resin (A), the dimer acid-derived diamine (a-1), an organic diamine (a-3) other than the dimer acid-derived diamine (a-1), and the tetracarboxylic dianhydride It may be a bismaleimide compound obtained by reacting (a-2) with the maleic anhydride.
- the organic diamine (a-3) other than the dimer acid-derived diamine (a-1) it is possible to control the required physical properties as necessary, such as further reducing the tensile modulus of the resulting cured product. It becomes possible.
- the organic diamine (a-3) other than the diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid (hereinafter simply referred to as the organic diamine (a-3) in some cases) is derived from the dimer acid.
- Such organic diamine (a-3) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aliphatic diamines such as 1,6-hexamethylenediamine; 1,4-diaminocyclohexane and 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane.
- aliphatic diamines having 6 to 12 carbon atoms such as 1,6-hexamethylenediamine; aromatic diamines such as 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane having an aliphatic structure having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the aromatic skeleton are more preferred.
- aromatic diamines such as 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane having an aliphatic structure having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the aromatic skeleton are more preferred.
- one of these organic diamines (a-3) may be used alone or two. The above may be used in combination.
- a method of reacting a diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid, the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure, and the maleic anhydride, or the dimer acid The diamine (a-1) derived from, the organic diamine (a-3), the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure, and the maleic anhydride are reacted.
- the method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be employed as appropriate.
- the dimer acid-derived diamine (a-1), the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2), and optionally the organic diamine (a-3) are combined with toluene, xylene, tetralin, , N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or a solvent such as a mixed solvent thereof at room temperature (about 23 ° C.) for 30 to 60 minutes with stirring to synthesize a polyamic acid, then , Maleic anhydride is added to the resulting polyamic acid and stirred at room temperature (about 23°C) for 30 to 60 minutes to synthesize a polyamic acid having maleic acid added to both ends.
- a solvent such as a mixed solvent thereof
- a water-azeotropic solvent such as toluene is further added to this polyamic acid, and the desired maleimide resin (A ) can be obtained.
- a catalyst such as pyridine or methanesulfonic acid may be further added.
- the mixing ratio of the raw materials in the reaction is (the total number of moles of all the diamines contained in the diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid and the organic diamine (a-3)): (tetracarboxylic acid having an alicyclic structure It is preferable that the total number of moles of acid dianhydride (a-2) + 1/2 of the number of moles of maleic anhydride) be 1:1. Further, when the organic diamine (a-3) is used, flexibility derived from the dimer acid is exhibited, and a cured product with a lower elastic modulus tends to be obtained.
- the number of moles of 3))/(the number of moles of all diamines contained in the diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid) is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.4 or less.
- an amic acid unit composed of a diamine (a-1) derived from a dimer acid and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure and an amic acid unit composed of an organic diamine (a-3) and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) having an alicyclic structure may be polymerized in random polymerization or block polymerization.
- the maleimide resin (A) thus obtained is preferably a maleimide resin (A) represented by the following formula (2).
- R 1 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid
- R 2 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group other than (a) derived from a dimer acid.
- R 3 is a divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid
- a divalent organic group other than the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from a dimer acid represents any one selected from the group consisting of group (b), wherein R 4 and R 5 each independently have a monocyclic or condensed polycyclic alicyclic structure with 4 to 40 carbon atoms (preferably a tetravalent organic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms), a tetravalent organic group having 8 to 40 carbon atoms in which organic groups having a monocyclic alicyclic structure are mutually linked directly or via a crosslinked structure, and one or more organic groups selected from tetravalent organic groups having a semi-alicyclic structure having both an alicyclic structure
- the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from the dimer acid in the formula (2) is as described above.
- the divalent organic group (b) other than the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from the dimer acid in the formula (2) is the organic diamine (a-3) to 2 It refers to divalent residues excluding one amino group.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from the dimer acid and the divalent organic group (b) are not the same.
- the tetravalent organic group in the formula (2) refers to a tetravalent residue obtained by removing two groups represented by -CO-O-CO- from the tetracarboxylic dianhydride.
- m is the number of repeating units containing a divalent hydrocarbon group (a) derived from the dimer acid (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a dimer acid-derived structure), and an integer of 1 to 30. indicates When the value of m exceeds the above upper limit, the solubility in solvents tends to decrease, and in particular, the solubility in developing solutions during development, which will be described later, tends to decrease. Further, the value of m is particularly preferably 3 to 10 from the viewpoint of favorable solubility in a developer during development.
- n is the number of repeating units containing the divalent organic group (b) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an organic diamine-derived structure) and represents an integer of 0-30. If the value of n exceeds the above upper limit, the flexibility of the resulting cured product tends to deteriorate and the resin tends to be hard and brittle. Moreover, the value of n is particularly preferably 0 to 10 from the viewpoint that a cured product with a low elastic modulus tends to be obtained.
- R 1 and R 4 may be the same or different between the respective repeating units.
- R 2 and R 5 may be the same or different between the respective repeating units.
- the dimer acid-derived structure and the organic diamine-derived structure may be random or block.
- the diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid, the maleic anhydride, the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2) and, if necessary, the organic diamine (a-3) of the present invention In the case of obtaining the maleimide compound (A) of, when the reaction rate is 100%, the n and m are all the diamines contained in the diamine (a-1) derived from the dimer acid, the organic diamine (a -3), it can be represented by the mixing molar ratio of the maleic anhydride and the tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2).
- (m + n): (m + n + 2) is (total number of moles of all diamines and organic diamine (a-3) contained in diamine (a-1) derived from dimer acid): (maleic anhydride and tetracarboxylic total number of moles of acid dianhydride (a-2)), and m: n is (number of moles of all diamines contained in diamine (a-1) derived from dimer acid): (organic diamine ( 2:(m+n) is represented by (number of moles of maleic anhydride):(number of moles of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-2)).
- the sum (m+n) of m and n is preferably 2 to 30 from the viewpoint that a cured product with a lower elastic modulus tends to be obtained.
- the ratio (n/m) of m to n is 1 or less from the viewpoint that flexibility derived from dimer acid is exhibited and a cured product with a lower elastic modulus tends to be obtained. is preferred, and 0.4 or less is more preferred.
- maleimide resin (A) one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the maleimide resin (B) can use an aromatic amine resin represented by the following formula (8) as a precursor.
- each of a plurality of R's independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- m represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is the number of repetitions, and its average value is 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 5.
- the aromatic amine resin represented by the above formula (8) is more preferably represented by the following formula (9). This is because the crystallinity is lower than when the substitution position of the alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms with respect to the benzene ring to which no amino group is bonded in formula (8) is the para position.
- each of a plurality of R independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- m represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is the number of repetitions, and its average value is 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 5.
- the method for producing the aromatic amine resin represented by formula (8) or (9) is not particularly limited.
- aniline is used as described in Patent Document 4, and when R is an alkyl group of 1 to 5, 2-methylaniline is used as described in Patent Document 5.
- Acidic catalysts used in synthesizing the aromatic amine resin represented by the formula (8) include hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, formic acid, zinc chloride, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and methane.
- acidic catalysts such as sulfonic acid, activated clay, and ion exchange resins. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the catalyst used is usually 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight, based on the aniline used. If the amount is too small, the progress of the reaction will be slow.
- the reaction may be carried out using an organic solvent such as toluene or xylene, or may be carried out without a solvent.
- an organic solvent such as toluene or xylene
- the reaction may be carried out without a solvent.
- an organic solvent such as toluene or xylene
- the reaction may be carried out without a solvent.
- an organic solvent such as toluene or xylene
- the reaction may be carried out using an organic solvent such as toluene or xylene, or may be carried out without a solvent.
- an organic solvent such as toluene or xylene
- the reaction may be carried out without a solvent.
- the maleimide resin (B) is prepared by combining the aromatic amine resin represented by the formula (8) obtained by the above steps, maleic acid or maleic anhydride (hereinafter also referred to as "maleic anhydride”) as a solvent, It can be obtained by an addition or dehydration condensation reaction in the presence of a catalyst.
- a water-insoluble solvent is used because the solvent used in the reaction must remove the water generated during the reaction from the system.
- aromatic solvents such as toluene and xylene; aliphatic solvents such as cyclohexane and n-hexane; ethers such as diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; ketone-based solvents, etc., but are not limited thereto, and two or more of them may be used in combination.
- An aprotic polar solvent can also be used in addition to the water-insoluble solvent.
- examples thereof include dimethylsulfone, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and the like, and two or more of them may be used in combination.
- an aprotic polar solvent it is preferable to use one having a boiling point higher than that of the water-insoluble solvent used in combination.
- the catalyst used in the reaction is an acidic catalyst and is not particularly limited, but examples include p-toluenesulfonic acid, hydroxy-p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the like.
- the amount of acid catalyst used is generally 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight, relative to the aromatic amine resin.
- the aromatic amine resin represented by the above formula (8) is dissolved in toluene and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, maleic anhydride is added to generate amic acid, and then p-toluenesulfone is dissolved. An acid is added and the reaction is carried out while removing the water generated from the system under reflux conditions.
- maleic anhydride is dissolved in toluene, and an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution of the aromatic amine resin represented by the formula (8) is added under stirring to generate an amic acid, and then p - Toluenesulfonic acid is added and the reaction is carried out while removing the water generated from the system under reflux conditions.
- maleic anhydride is dissolved in toluene, p-toluenesulfonic acid is added, and the toluene solution of the aromatic amine resin represented by the above formula (8) is added dropwise under stirring and refluxing while azeotroping in the middle.
- the water that comes in is removed from the system, and the reaction is carried out while returning toluene to the system (the above is the first stage reaction).
- the maleic anhydride is usually used in an amount of 1 to 3 equivalents, preferably 1.2 to 2.0 equivalents, relative to the amino group of the aromatic amine resin represented by the formula (8). do.
- water is added to the reaction solution after the maleimidation reaction listed above to separate the resin solution layer and the aqueous layer, and excess maleic acid, maleic anhydride, aprotic polar Solvents, catalysts, etc. are dissolved in the aqueous layer, so they are separated and removed, and the same operation is repeated to thoroughly remove excess maleic acid, maleic anhydride, aprotic polar solvents, and catalysts. .
- the time for the re-dehydration ring-closure reaction is usually 1 to 10 hours, preferably 1 to 5 hours, and if necessary, the aprotic polar solvent described above may be added.
- the mixture is cooled and washed with water repeatedly until the washing water becomes neutral. Thereafter, after removing water by azeotropic dehydration under heating and reduced pressure, the solvent may be distilled off, another solvent may be added to adjust the resin solution to a desired concentration, or the solvent may be completely distilled. It may be removed and taken out as a solid resin.
- the maleimide resin (B) obtained by the production method described above has a structure represented by the following formula (1).
- each of the multiple R's independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- n is the number of repetitions, and its average value is 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 5.
- m is usually 0 to 3, preferably 0 to 2, more preferably 0.
- R is usually a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- m is greater than 3 or when R is an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms, there is a possibility that the electrical properties may deteriorate due to molecular vibration when the alkyl group is exposed to high frequency.
- the value of n can be calculated from the value of the number average molecular weight obtained by measurement of the maleimide resin (B) by gel permeation chromatography (GPC, detector: RI), but it is approximate. can be considered to be substantially equivalent to the value of n calculated from the results of GPC measurement of the raw material aromatic amine resin represented by the formula (8).
- the softening point of the maleimide resin (B) is preferably 50°C to 150°C, more preferably 80°C to 120°C, still more preferably 90°C to 110°C, and particularly preferably 95°C to 105°C. .
- the melt viscosity at 150° C. is 0.05 to 100 Pa ⁇ s, preferably 0.1 to 40 Pa ⁇ s.
- the maleimide resin (B) more preferably has a structure represented by formula (10). This is because when R in formula (1) is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, the crystallinity is lower than when the propyl group is substituted at the para position with respect to the benzene ring to which the maleimide group is not bonded.
- each of the multiple R's independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- m represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is the number of repetitions, and its average is 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 5.
- the content of the maleimide resin (A) is preferably 30% by weight or more and less than 95% by weight, more preferably 40% by weight or more and less than 90% by weight, and still more preferably 50% by weight or more in the total amount of the curable resin composition. Less than 90% by weight.
- the content of the maleimide resin (B) is preferably 3% by weight or more and less than 60% by weight, more preferably 5% by weight or more and less than 50% by weight, and still more preferably 10% by weight of the total amount of the curable resin composition. % or more and less than 40% by weight.
- it is desirable that the content of the maleimide resin (A) is larger than that of the maleimide resin (B).
- the cured product tends to have high mechanical strength, high peel strength, and good heat resistance while maintaining flexibility in terms of physical properties. Note that the total amount of the curable resin composition does not include the amount of solvent.
- the maleimide resin (A) and the maleimide resin (B) are characterized by excellent compatibility.
- the term "compatible” means that when a curable resin composition is formed by uniformly mixing two or more resins, the haze of the solution is less than 50 in the case of a liquid, and the cured product When forming , it refers to a state in which the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the curable resin composition is measured at only one point. In other words, in the "incompatible" state, the liquid has a haze of 50 or more, and in the cured product, even if the resins are uniformly mixed, multiple Tg values are measured. be done.
- the compatibility and haze of the curable resin composition of the present invention were measured as follows.
- the ratio of the total light transmittance (Tt) representing the total amount of light transmitted by irradiating light to the transmitted diffuse light transmittance (Td) diffused by the sheet was calculated by the following formula (1).
- the total light transmittance (Tt) is the sum of the parallel light transmittance (Tp) transmitted coaxially with the incident light and the diffuse light transmittance (Td).
- Haze (H) Td/Tt x 100 (1)
- the curable resin composition of the present invention can contain a thermosetting resin (C) as a thermosetting component other than the maleimide resins (A) and (B) of the present invention.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the total amount of the maleimide resins (A) and (B), more preferably 0. .2 to 4 times.
- thermosetting resin (C) an amino group, a cyanate group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, an alcoholic hydroxyl group, an allyl group, a methallyl group, an acrylic group, a methacrylic group, a vinyl group, a conjugated diene group, and the like can undergo a cross-linking reaction with a maleimide resin.
- Any compound having a functional group (or structure) is not particularly limited, and specific examples include amine compounds, cyanate ester compounds, epoxy resins, phenol resins, oxetane resins, carbodiimide compounds, benzoxazine compounds, and ethylenically unsaturated groups. and a compound having an acid anhydride group.
- a maleimide compound other than the maleimide resins (A) and (B) of the present invention may be used in combination.
- amine compounds can be used as the amine compound that can be blended in the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- the amine compound include aromatic amine resins represented by the above formula (8), diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, m-xylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2-methylpentamethylenediamine, Diethylaminopropylamine, isophoronediamine, 1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane, bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane, bis(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methane, norbornenediamine, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, diaminodiphenylmethane , metaphenylenediamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, dicyandiamide, polyoxypropylenediamine, polyoxypropylenetriamine, N-amin
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.1 to 10 times, more preferably 0.2 to 4 times, the weight ratio of the maleimide resins (A) and (B). is.
- maleimide compounds can be used as maleimide compounds other than the maleimide resins (A) and (B) that can be blended in the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- Specific examples of maleimide compounds are not particularly limited as long as they are compounds having one or more maleimide groups in the molecule.
- N-phenylmaleimide N-cyclohexylmaleimide, N-hydroxyphenylmaleimide, N-carboxyphenylmaleimide, N-(4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenyl)maleimide, 6-maleimidohexanoic acid, 4 -maleimidobutyric acid, bis(4-maleimidophenyl)methane, 2,2-bis ⁇ 4-(4-maleimidophenoxy)-phenyl ⁇ propane, 4,4-diphenylmethanebismaleimide, bis(3,5-dimethyl-4- maleimidophenyl)methane, bis(3-ethyl-5-methyl-4-maleimidophenyl)methane, bis(3,5-diethyl-4-maleimidophenyl)methane, phenylmethanemaleimide, o-phenylenebismaleimide, m-phenylene bismaleimide, p-phenylenebis
- R a and R b are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms na represents a number from 1 to 16, and nb represents a number from 1 to 16. na and nb may be the same or different.
- R a and R b are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms
- a linear or branched alkyl group is preferable, and a linear alkyl group is more preferable because the dielectric properties can be lowered.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 1-16, more preferably 4-12.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkenyl group is preferably 1-16, more preferably 4-12.
- the alkyl group in the formula (5) is preferably an n-heptyl group, an n-octyl group, or an n-nonyl group, more preferably an n-octyl group, because it exhibits excellent photocurability.
- the alkenyl group is preferably a 2-heptenyl group, a 2-octenyl group or a 2-nonenyl group, more preferably a 2-octenyl group.
- na is 1 or more, preferably 2 to 16, more preferably 3 to 14.
- nb is 1 or more, preferably 2-16, more preferably 3-14. na and nb may be the same or different.
- R 1s each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- n represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably an integer of 1-10, more preferably an integer of 1-5.
- each R 2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group; each l independently represents an integer of 1 to 3; Indicates an integer from 1 to 10.
- alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, and neopentyl groups.
- n is 1 or more, preferably 1-21, more preferably 1-16.
- n represents an integer of 1-10
- m2 represents an integer of 8-40.
- n6 represents an integer of 1-10
- m3 represents an integer of 8-40.
- n represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably an integer of 1-10.
- each R3 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group
- each R4 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- maleimide compounds can also be used as commercially available products.
- Examples of the maleimide compound represented by formula (5) include DESIGNER MOLECURES Inc. manufactured by BMI-689 (trade name).
- Examples of the maleimide compound represented by formula (11) include BMI-2300 (trade name) manufactured by Daiwa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Examples of the maleimide compound represented by formula (12) include MIR-3000 (trade name) manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
- a commercially available product such as Designer Molecules Inc. can be used.
- (DMI) BMI-1700 (trade name).
- a commercially available product such as Designer Molecules Inc. can be used.
- (DMI) BMI-3000 (trade name), Designer Molecules Inc. (DMI) BMI-5000 (trade name), Designer Molecules Inc. (DMI) BMI-9000 (trade name).
- maleimide compound represented by formula (18) a commercially available product can be used, for example, BMI-TMH (trade name) manufactured by Daiwa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be mentioned.
- maleimide compound represented by formula (19) a commercially available product can be used, for example, BMI-70 (trade name) manufactured by K.I Kasei Co., Ltd. can be mentioned.
- the total content of the other maleimide compounds is not particularly limited. It is preferably 0.01 to 95 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 90 parts by mass, and further preferably 5 to 80 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the product. Preferably, it is still more preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass.
- cyanate ester compounds can be used as the cyanate ester compound that can be blended in the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- Specific examples of cyanate ester compounds include polycondensates of phenols and various aldehydes, polymers of phenols and various diene compounds, polycondensates of phenols and ketones, and polycondensations of bisphenols and various aldehydes. Examples include, but are not limited to, cyanate ester compounds obtained by reacting a compound with cyanogen halide. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- phenols examples include phenol, alkyl-substituted phenol, aromatic-substituted phenol, naphthol, alkyl-substituted naphthol, dihydroxybenzene, alkyl-substituted dihydroxybenzene, and dihydroxynaphthalene.
- aldehydes examples include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, alkylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, alkyl-substituted benzaldehyde, hydroxybenzaldehyde, naphthaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, phthalaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, and cinnamaldehyde.
- Examples of the various diene compounds include dicyclopentadiene, terpenes, vinylcyclohexene, norbornadiene, vinylnorbornene, tetrahydroindene, divinylbenzene, divinylbiphenyl, diisopropenylbiphenyl, butadiene and isoprene.
- Examples of the ketones include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetophenone and benzophenone.
- cyanate ester compounds whose synthesis method is described in JP-A-2005-264154 are particularly preferable as cyanate ester compounds because they are excellent in low hygroscopicity, flame retardancy and dielectric properties.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the total amount of the maleimide resins (A) and (B), more preferably 0.2 to 4 times the range.
- the blending amount of the cyanate ester compound is in the range of 0.1 to 10 times, the heat resistance and dielectric properties of the cured product are excellent.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention can further contain an epoxy resin.
- an epoxy resin As the epoxy resin that can be blended, any conventionally known epoxy resin can be used. Specific examples of epoxy resins include polycondensates of phenols and various aldehydes, polymers of phenols and various diene compounds, polycondensates of phenols and ketones, and polycondensates of bisphenols and various aldehydes. and glycidyl ether-based epoxy resins obtained by glycidylating alcohols, alicyclic epoxies such as 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene diepoxide and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4'-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate.
- Resins glycidylamine-based epoxy resins represented by tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) and triglycidyl-p-aminophenol, and glycidyl ester-based epoxy resins may be mentioned, but not limited to these. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- epoxy resin obtained by dehydrochlorination reaction with epichlorohydrin using phenol aralkyl resin obtained by condensation reaction of phenols and bishalogenomethyl aralkyl derivative or aralkyl alcohol derivative as a raw material has low hygroscopicity and flame retardancy. It is particularly preferred as an epoxy resin because of its excellent properties and dielectric properties.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.1 to 10 times, more preferably 0.2 to 4 times, the weight ratio of the maleimide resin.
- the blending amount of the epoxy resin is in the range of 0.1 to 10 times, the strength and dielectric properties of the cured product are excellent.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention may further contain a compound containing a phenolic resin.
- a phenolic resin that can be blended, any conventionally known phenolic resin can be used.
- phenol resins include bisphenols (bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, biphenol, bisphenol AD, etc.), phenols (phenol, alkyl-substituted phenol, aromatic-substituted phenol, naphthol, alkyl-substituted naphthol, dihydroxybenzene, alkyl polycondensates of various aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, alkylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, alkyl-substituted benzaldehyde, hydroxybenzaldehyde, naphthaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, phthalaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, etc
- Phenol aralkyl resins obtained by condensation reaction of phenols with the above-mentioned bishalogenomethyl aralkyl derivatives or aralkyl alcohol derivatives are particularly preferable as phenol resins because they have low hygroscopicity, flame retardancy, and excellent dielectric properties. .
- the above phenolic resin has an allyl group or a methallyl group, the reactivity with maleimide groups is better than that with hydroxyl groups, so that the curing speed is increased, and the number of cross-linking points increases, resulting in higher strength and heat resistance. Therefore, it is preferable.
- an allyl ether derivative obtained by allylating the hydroxyl group of the above phenol resin or a methallyl ether derivative obtained by metallylating the hydroxyl group can also be blended.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the total amount of the maleimide resins (A) and (B), more preferably 0.2 to 4. double the range.
- the blending amount of the phenol resin is in the range of 0.1 to 10 times, the adhesive strength and dielectric properties of the cured product are excellent.
- alkyloxetane such as 2-methyloxetane, 2,2-dimethyloxetane, 3-methyloxetane, 3,3-dimethyloxetane, 3-methyl-3-methoxymethyloxetane, 3,3-di(trifluoro methyl) perfluoxetane, 2-chloromethyl oxetane, 3,3-bis (chloromethyl) oxetane, biphenyl type oxetane, OXT-101 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., trade name), and OXT-121 (Toagosei Co., Ltd. (manufacturer, trade name), etc., and is not particularly limited.
- These oxetane resins can be used singly
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the total amount of the maleimide resins (A) and (B), more preferably 0.2 to 4. double the range.
- the blending amount of the oxetane resin is in the range of 0.1 to 10 times, the adhesive strength and dielectric properties of the cured product are excellent.
- the carbodiimide compound that can be blended in the curable resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has at least one carbodiimide group in the molecule, and generally known compounds can be used.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the total amount of the maleimide resins (A) and (B), more preferably 0.2 to 4 times. double the range.
- the blending amount of the carbodiimide compound is in the range of 0.1 to 10 times, the adhesive strength and dielectric properties of the cured product are excellent.
- benzoxazine compound that can be blended in the curable resin composition of the present invention generally known compounds can be used as long as they are compounds having two or more dihydrobenzoxazine rings in one molecule.
- bisphenol A-type benzoxazine BA-BXZ manufactured by Konishi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name
- bisphenol F-type benzoxazine BF-BXZ manufactured by Konishi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name
- bisphenol S-type benzoxazine BS-BXZ manufactured by Konishi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name
- phenolphthalein-type benzoxazine and the like, but are not particularly limited.
- These benzoxazine compounds can be used singly or in admixture of two or more.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the total amount of the maleimide resins (A) and (B), more preferably 0.2 to 0.2 times the weight ratio. 4 times the range.
- the blending amount of the benzoxazine compound is in the range of 0.1 to 10 times, the adhesive strength and dielectric properties of the cured product are excellent.
- the compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group that can be blended in the curable resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having one or more ethylenically unsaturated groups in one molecule, and is generally known. can be used. Examples thereof include compounds having (meth)acryloyl groups, vinyl groups, and the like.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the total amount of the maleimide resins (A) and (B), and more preferably. is in the range of 0.2 to 4 times.
- the compounding amount of the compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group is in the range of 0.1 to 10 times, the adhesive strength and dielectric properties of the cured product are excellent.
- Compounds having a (meth)acryloyl group include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate monomethyl ether.
- phenylethyl (meth)acrylate isobornyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, benzyl (meth)acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth)acrylate, butanediol di(meth)acrylate, hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, Neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, nonanediol di(meth)acrylate, glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tris(meth)acryloyloxyethyl isocyanurate, polypropylene glycol Di(meth)acrylate, adipate epoxy di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol ethylene oxide di(meth)acrylate, hydrogenated bisphenol ethylene oxide (meth)acrylate, bisphenol di(meth)acrylate, ⁇ -caprolact
- urethane (meth)acrylates having both a (meth)acryloyl group and a urethane bond in the same molecule
- polyester (meth)acrylates having both a (meth)acryloyl group and an ester bond in the same molecule
- epoxy Epoxy (meth)acrylates derived from resins and having (meth)acryloyl groups and reactive oligomers in which these bonds are used in combination.
- Urethane (meth)acrylates include reaction products of hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylates, polyisocyanates, and other alcohols used as necessary.
- hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate;
- sugar alcohol (meth)acrylates such as pentaerythritol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta(meth)acrylate, and dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate; and toluene diisocyanate , hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, norbornene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated x
- Polyester (meth)acrylates include, for example, caprolactone-modified 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide-modified phthalic acid (meth)acrylate, ethylene oxide-modified succinic acid (meth)acrylate, caprolactone-modified tetrahydro Monofunctional (poly)ester (meth)acrylates such as furfuryl (meth)acrylate; hydroxypivalic acid ester neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, caprolactone-modified hydroxypivalic acid ester neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, epichlorohydrin-modified Di (poly) ester (meth) acrylates such as phthalic acid di (meth) acrylate; 1 mol or more of cyclic lactone compounds such as ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, and ⁇ -valerolactone per 1 mol of tri
- mono-triol obtained by adding 1 mol or more of a cyclic lactone compound such as ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone to 1 mol of pentaerythritol, dimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, or tetramethylolpropane; Di-, tri- or tetra-(meth)acrylates, triols obtained by adding 1 mol or more of a cyclic lactone compound such as ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone to 1 mol of dipentaerythritol, or poly( Examples include mono(meth)acrylates or poly(meth)acrylates of polyhydric alcohols such as triols, tetraols, pentaols or hexaols of meth)acrylates.
- a cyclic lactone compound such as ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇
- diol components such as (poly)ethylene glycol, (poly)propylene glycol, (poly)tetramethylene glycol, (poly)butylene glycol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol and hexanediol, maleic acid, fumaric Polybasic acids such as acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, dimer acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, and anhydrides thereof (meth) acrylate of polyester polyol which is the reaction product of; (meth) of cyclic lactone-modified polyester diol consisting of the diol component, polybasic acid and their anhydrides and ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, etc.
- Examples include polyfunctional (
- Epoxy (meth)acrylates are carboxylate compounds of a compound having an epoxy group and (meth)acrylic acid.
- phenol novolak type epoxy (meth)acrylate cresol novolak type epoxy (meth)acrylate, trishydroxyphenylmethane type epoxy (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentadiene phenol type epoxy (meth)acrylate, bisphenol A type epoxy (meth)acrylate.
- bisphenol F type epoxy (meth)acrylate bisphenol F type epoxy (meth)acrylate, biphenol type epoxy (meth)acrylate, bisphenol A novolac type epoxy (meth)acrylate, naphthalene skeleton-containing epoxy (meth)acrylate, glyoxal type epoxy (meth)acrylate, heterocyclic epoxy ( meth)acrylates, and acid anhydride-modified epoxy acrylates thereof.
- Examples of compounds having a vinyl group include vinyl ethers such as ethyl vinyl ether, propyl vinyl ether, hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, and ethylene glycol divinyl ether.
- Styrenes include styrene, methylstyrene, ethylstyrene, divinylbenzene and the like.
- Other vinyl compounds include triallyl isocyanurate, trimethallyl isocyanurate, bisallyl nadiimide and the like.
- These compounds having an ethylenically unsaturated group can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- a compound having an acid anhydride group can be added to the curable resin composition of the present invention. Any conventionally known compound having an acid anhydride group can be used. Specific examples of compounds having an acid anhydride group include 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3, 4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, 5-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuryl)-3-methyl- 3-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride, 4-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride and the like mentioned.
- a compound having an acid anhydride group can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- it becomes an amic acid, but when it is further heated at 200° C. to 300° C., it becomes an imide structure due to a dehydration reaction, making it a material with extremely excellent heat resistance.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention can further contain a curing accelerator (D).
- imidazoles such as 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-undecylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, triethylamine, Amines such as triethylenediamine, 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol, 1,8-diaza-bicyclo(5,4,0)undecene-7, tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol, benzyldimethylamine, triphenylphosphine, Phosphines such as tributylphosphine and trioctylphosphine, organic metal salts such as tin octylate, zinc octylate, dibutyltin dimaleate, zinc naphthenate, cobalt naph
- metal chlorides organic peroxides such as di-tert-butyl peroxide and dicumyl peroxide, azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile and azobisdimethylvaleronitrile, minerals such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid Examples include acids, Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride, and salts such as sodium carbonate and lithium chloride.
- curing accelerator (D) examples include methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, methylcyclohexanone peroxide, methyl acetoacetate peroxide, acetylacetone peroxide, 1,1-bis(t-butylperoxy)3,3,5- Trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis(t-hexylperoxy)cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(t-hexylperoxy)3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis(t-butylperoxy) Cyclohexane, 2,2-bis(4,4-di-t-butylperoxycyclohexyl)propane, 1,1-bis(t-butylperoxy)cyclododecane, n-butyl 4,4-bis(t-butyl peroxy)valerate, 2,2-bis(t-butylperoxy)butan
- azo polymerization initiators include 2-phenylazo-4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, 1-[(1-cyano-1-methylethyl)azo]formamide, 1,1′- Azobis(cyclohexane-1-carbonitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvalero nitrile), 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis(2-methyl-N-phenylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis[N-(4 -chlorophenyl)-2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrido chloride, 2,2′-azobis[N-(4-hydrophenyl)-2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis[2-methyl- N-(phenylmethyl)
- curing accelerators (D) include phosphine compounds, compounds containing phosphonium salts, imidazole compounds, and the like, and one or more of these can be used in combination.
- imidazole compounds are preferred. Since the imidazole compound has a particularly excellent function as a catalyst, it can more reliably promote the polymerization reaction of the maleimide resins (A) and (B).
- imidazole compounds include, but are not limited to, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2,4-dimethylimidazole, 2-undecylimidazole, 2-heptadecylimidazole.
- 2-methylimidazole 2-phenylimidazole, 2-undecylimidazole, and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole are preferred.
- the reaction of the maleimide resins (A) and (B) is further accelerated, and the heat resistance of the resulting cured product is improved.
- These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- phosphine compound examples include, but are not limited to, alkylphosphines such as ethylphosphine and propylphosphine, primary phosphines such as phenylphosphine; secondary phosphines such as phenylphosphine; trialkylphosphines such as trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, tributylphosphine, trioctylphosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, alkyldiphenylphosphine, dialkylphenylphosphine, tribenzylphosphine, tritolylphosphine , tri-p-styrylphosphine, tris(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)phosphine, tri-4-methylphenylphosphine, tri-4-methoxyphenylphosphine, tri-2-cyanoe
- Compounds having a phosphonium salt include compounds having a tetraphenylphosphonium salt, an alkyltriphenylphosphonium salt, a tetraalkylphosphonium, etc. More specifically, tetraphenylphosphonium-thiocyanate, tetraphenylphosphonium-tetra-p- methylphenylborate, butyltriphenylphosphonium-thiocyanate, tetraphenylphosphonium-phthalic acid, tetrabutylphosphonium-1,2-cyclohexyldicarboxylic acid, tetrabutylphosphonium-1,2-cyclohexyldicarboxylic acid and the like.
- the curing accelerator (D) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the curing accelerator (D) is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and 0.5 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the reactive resin component. It is more preferable to have
- the curable resin composition of the present invention includes, as the component (E) other than the above components, for example, a photopolymerization initiator, an inorganic filler, a release agent, a flame retardant, an ion trapping agent, an antioxidant, an adhesion imparting agent, A low-stress agent, a coloring agent, and a coupling agent may be blended within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- a photopolymerization initiator for example, a photopolymerization initiator, an inorganic filler, a release agent, a flame retardant, an ion trapping agent, an antioxidant, an adhesion imparting agent, A low-stress agent, a coloring agent, and a coupling agent may be blended within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention can contain a photopolymerization initiator as needed. By performing not only thermal curing but also curing by ultraviolet irradiation, the crosslink density can be further increased and the heat resistance can be improved.
- the photopolymerization initiator of the present invention is not particularly limited, and conventionally used ones can be appropriately employed. benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin n-propyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin n-butyl ether, benzyl dimethyl ketal, thioxatone, 2-chlorothioxazone, 2-methylthioxatone, 2, 2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one, 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, 1-[4-(2 -hydroxyethoxy)-phenyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one, 2-hydroxy-1- ⁇ 4-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionyl)-benzyl] Phenyl ⁇ -2
- the photopolymerization initiator of the present invention a fine pattern is obtained using a reduction projection exposure machine (stepper; light source wavelength: 365 nm, 436 nm) which is standardly used in the manufacturing process of semiconductor protective films. From the viewpoint of formation, it is preferable to use a material that efficiently generates radicals at an exposure wavelength of 310 to 436 nm (more preferably 365 nm).
- the maleimide group generally does not undergo homopolymerization by radicals, and the dimerization reaction of the bismaleimide compound proceeds mainly through reaction with radicals generated from the photopolymerization initiator to form a crosslinked structure.
- the present inventors presume that the bismaleimide compound appears to have poorer reactivity than acrylic compounds or the like that are generally used as photopolymerizable compounds. Therefore, from the viewpoint that radicals can be generated more efficiently and the reactivity at an exposure wavelength of 310 to 436 nm (more preferably 365 nm) is increased, the photopolymerization initiator of the present invention has an oxime structure or a thioxanthone structure. It is more preferable that the compound has
- a photopolymerization initiator for example, 1,2-octanedione having an oxime structure, 1-[4-(phenylthio)phenyl]-,2-(O-benzoyloxime) (manufactured by BASF Japan, "IRGACURE OXE-01”), ethanone, 1-[9-ethyl-6-(2-methylbenzoyl)-9H-carbazol-3-yl]-, 1-(O-acetyloxime) (manufactured by BASF Japan, "IRGACURE OXE -02”), and 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone having a thioxanthone structure (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., “DETX-S”).
- a photopolymerization initiator having a high ability to generate radicals by light tends to be too reactive and difficult to control the reaction when used for photopolymerization of ordinary acrylic compounds. It can be used preferably.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention may further contain a filler in order to improve various properties such as coating properties and heat resistance. It is preferable that the filler has insulating properties and does not hinder the transparency to a wavelength of 405 nm (h-line).
- fillers include, but are not limited to, silica (e.g., natural silica, fused silica, amorphous silica, hollow silica, etc.), aluminum compounds (e.g., boehmite, aluminum hydroxide, alumina, aluminum nitride, etc.), and boron compounds.
- magnesium compounds e.g., magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc.
- calcium compounds e.g., calcium carbonate, etc.
- molybdenum compounds e.g., molybdenum oxide, zinc molybdate, etc.
- barium compounds e.g., , barium sulfate, barium silicate, etc.
- talc e.g., natural talc, calcined talc, etc.
- mica mica
- glass e.g., short fiber glass, spherical glass, fine powder glass (e.g., E glass, T glass , D glass, etc.), silicone powder, fluororesin-based fillers, urethane resin-based fillers, (meth)acrylic resin-based fillers, polyethylene-based fillers, styrene-butadiene rubbers, and silicone rubbers.
- These fillers can be used singly or in admixture of two or more
- These fillers may be surface-treated with a silane coupling agent or the like, which will be described later.
- Silica is preferable, and fused silica is more preferable, from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the cured product obtained by curing the curable resin composition of the present invention and obtaining good coating properties.
- Specific examples of silica include SFP-130MC manufactured by Denka Co., Ltd., and SC2050-MB, SC1050-MLE, YA010C-MFN, and YA050C-MJA manufactured by Admatechs.
- the particle size of the filler is not particularly limited, it is usually 0.005 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 0.01 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the content of the filler is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the cured product, it is It is preferably 1000 parts by mass or less, more preferably 500 parts by mass or less, and most preferably 300 parts by mass or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of obtaining the effect of improving various properties such as coating properties and heat resistance, the resin solid content in the curable resin composition 100 mass It is usually 1 part by mass with respect to the part.
- silane coupling agent and wetting and dispersing agent The curable resin composition of the present invention may be used in combination with a silane coupling agent and/or a wetting and dispersing agent in order to improve the dispersibility of the filler and the adhesive strength between the polymer and/or resin and the filler. is also possible.
- silane coupling agents are not particularly limited as long as they are silane coupling agents generally used for surface treatment of inorganic substances.
- Specific examples include 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldimethoxymethylsilane, 3-aminopropyldiethoxymethylsilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3 -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyldimethoxymethylsilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)- 3-aminopropyldiethoxymethylsilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, [3-(6-aminohexylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane, and Aminosilane
- vinylsilanes 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyldimethoxymethylsilane, 3-methacryloxypropyldiethoxymethylsilane and other methacrylsilanes; 3-acryloxy Acrylsilanes such as propyltrimethoxysilane and 3-acryloxypropyltriethoxysilane; isocyanatosilanes such as 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane; tris-(trimethoxysilylpropyl) isocyanurate silanes, such as isocyanurate; mercaptosilanes, such as 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyldimethoxymethylsilane; 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane.
- ureidosilanes such as p-styryltrimethoxysilane; styrylsilanes such as p-styryltrimethoxysilane; cationic silanes such as N-[2-(N-vinylbenzylamino)ethyl]-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane hydrochloride; anhydrides such as 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride; phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, dimethoxymethylphenylsilane, diethoxymethylphenylsilane, and p-tolyltrimethoxysilane; phenylsilane-based; and arylsilane-based such as trimethoxy(1-naphthyl)silane.
- silane coupling agents can be used singly or in admixture of two or more.
- the content of the silane coupling agent is not particularly limited, but usually 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the curable resin composition.
- the wetting and dispersing agent is not particularly limited as long as it is a dispersion stabilizer used for paints. Specific examples include DISPERBYK (registered trademark)-110, 111, 118, 180, 161, BYK (registered trademark)-W996, W9010, W903 manufactured by Big Chemie Japan Co., Ltd. Wetting and dispersing agents. . These wetting and dispersing agents can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the wetting and dispersing agent is not particularly limited, but usually 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the curable resin composition. be.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention may optionally contain an organic solvent.
- an organic solvent By using an organic solvent, it is possible to adjust the viscosity during the preparation of the curable resin composition.
- the type of organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve part or all of the resin in the curable resin composition. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone; alicyclic ketones such as cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone; diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene.
- Cellosolve solvents such as glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and propylene glycol monobutyl ether; ethyl lactate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl lactate, methyl methoxypropionate, methyl hydroxyisobutyrate, and ester solvents such as ⁇ -butyrolactone; polar solvents such as amides such as dimethylacetamide and dimethylformamide; nonpolar solvents such as toluene, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene and anisole; Amide solvents such as N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and N,N-dimethylimidazolidinone, and sulfones such as tetramethylenesulfone can be used. These organic solvents can be used singly or in admixture of two or more.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention may contain various polymers such as thermosetting resins, thermoplastic resins, oligomers thereof, and elastomers not mentioned heretofore, as long as the properties of the present invention are not impaired.
- Compounds; flame-retardant compounds not mentioned heretofore; additives and the like can also be used in combination. These are not particularly limited as long as they are commonly used.
- flame-retardant compounds include nitrogen-containing compounds such as melamine and benzoguanamine, phosphate compounds of phosphorus compounds, aromatic condensed phosphates, and halogen-containing condensed phosphates.
- Additives include UV absorbers, antioxidants, fluorescent brighteners, photosensitizers, dyes, pigments such as phthalocyanine blue and phthalocyanine green, carbon black, thickeners, lubricants, antifoaming agents, and surface modifiers. , a brightening agent, a polymerization inhibitor, a curing accelerator, and the like. These components can be used singly or in admixture of two or more.
- the content of other components is not particularly limited, but usually 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the curable resin composition. is.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention (Method for producing curable resin composition)
- the curable resin composition of the present invention, the components (A) to (D) and, if necessary, a resin or compound, a photocuring initiator, a filler, other components, additives, etc. are mixed as appropriate.
- Prepared by The resin composition of the present invention can be suitably used as a varnish for producing the resin sheet of the present invention, which will be described later.
- the method for producing the curable resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, a method in which the components described above are successively blended in a solvent and thoroughly stirred.
- the dispersibility of the filler in the curable resin composition can be improved by performing the stirring and dispersing treatment using a stirring tank equipped with a stirrer having an appropriate stirring capacity.
- the stirring, mixing, and kneading processes include, for example, a stirring device for dispersion such as an ultrasonic homogenizer, a device for mixing such as three rolls, a ball mill, a bead mill, and a sand mill, or a revolution or rotation type It can be appropriately carried out using a known device such as a mixing device.
- an organic solvent can be used as necessary during the preparation of the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- the type of organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the resin in the curable resin composition, and specific examples thereof are as described above.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention may be prepolymerized.
- a maleimide resin and a cyanate ester compound are prepolymerized by heating in the presence or absence of a catalyst and in the presence or absence of a solvent.
- the maleimide resin of the present invention may be prepolymerized by adding an epoxy resin, an amine compound, a maleimide compound, a cyanate ester compound, a phenol resin, an acid anhydride compound and other additives as necessary.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention can be used for applications that require an insulating resin composition, and is not particularly limited, and includes photosensitive films, photosensitive films with supports, prepregs, resin sheets, It can be used for applications such as circuit boards (for laminated boards, multilayer printed wiring boards, etc.), solder resists, underfill materials, die bonding materials, semiconductor encapsulants, hole-filling resins, part-embedding resins, fiber-reinforced composite materials, etc. can.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention has excellent adhesion to chips and substrates, etc., and is excellent in heat resistance and thermal stability, so it can be used as an insulating layer for multilayer printed wiring boards or as a solder resist. It can be suitably used as an object.
- the cured product of the present invention is obtained by curing the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- the cured product is not particularly limited, but can be obtained, for example, by melting or dissolving a curable resin composition in a solvent, pouring it into a mold, and curing under normal conditions using heat, light, or the like.
- the curing temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably within the range of 120° C. to 300° C. from the viewpoint of efficient curing and prevention of deterioration of the resulting cured product.
- the wavelength range of light is not particularly limited, but curing is preferably performed in the range of 100 nm to 500 nm where curing proceeds efficiently with a photopolymerization initiator or the like.
- the resin sheet of the present invention has a support and a resin layer disposed on one side or both sides of the support, and the resin layer contains the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- a resin sheet can be produced by coating a curable resin composition on a support and drying it.
- the resin layer in the resin sheet of the present invention has excellent adhesion to chips, substrates, etc., as well as excellent heat resistance and thermal stability.
- a known support can be used, and is not particularly limited. , polyethylene (PE) film, polyethylene naphthalate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, triacetyl acetate film, and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film; conductor foil such as copper foil and aluminum foil; glass plate, SUS plate, and FRP, etc. are mentioned.
- PE polyethylene
- polyethylene naphthalate film polyethylene naphthalate film
- polyvinyl alcohol film polyvinyl alcohol film
- triacetyl acetate film triacetyl acetate film
- ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film
- conductor foil such as copper foil and aluminum foil
- glass plate, SUS plate, and FRP, etc. are mentioned.
- a resin film coated with a release agent on the surface can be preferably used in order to facilitate separation from the resin layer.
- the thickness of the resin film is preferably in the range of 5-100 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 10-50 ⁇ m. If the thickness is less than 5 ⁇ m, the support tends to be torn when peeled off, and if the thickness exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the resolution tends to decrease when exposing from the support.
- the resin layer of the resin sheet of the present invention may be protected with a protective film.
- a protective film By protecting the resin layer side with a protective film, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the surface of the resin layer and scratches on the surface of the resin layer.
- the protective film a film made of the same material as the resin film can be used.
- the thickness of the protective film is not particularly limited, it is preferably in the range of 1 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 5 to 40 ⁇ m. If the thickness is less than 1 ⁇ m, the protective film tends to be difficult to handle, and if it exceeds 50 ⁇ m, it tends to be inexpensive.
- the protective film preferably has a lower adhesive strength between the resin layer and the protective film than the adhesive strength between the resin layer and the support.
- the method for producing the resin sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the resin sheet is produced by applying the curable resin composition of the present invention to a support and drying it to remove the organic solvent. methods and the like. Coating can be performed by a known method using, for example, a roll coater, comma coater, gravure coater, die coater, bar coater, lip coater, knife coater, squeeze coater, and the like.
- the drying can be carried out, for example, by heating in a dryer at 60 to 200° C. for 1 to 60 minutes.
- the amount of the organic solvent remaining in the resin layer is preferably 5% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the resin layer from the viewpoint of preventing diffusion of the organic solvent in subsequent steps.
- the thickness of the resin layer is preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of improving handleability.
- the resin sheet of the present invention can be used for manufacturing insulating layers of multilayer printed wiring boards.
- the prepreg includes a base material and a curable resin composition impregnated or applied to the base material.
- the method for producing the prepreg is not particularly limited as long as it is a method for producing a prepreg by combining the curable resin composition of the present invention and a base material. For example, after impregnating or applying the curable resin composition of the present invention to a substrate, in a dryer at 120 to 220 ° C., semi-curing (B stage) by drying for about 2 to 15 minutes. , the prepreg of the present invention can be produced.
- the amount of the curable resin composition attached to the substrate that is, the content of the curable resin composition (including the filler) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the prepreg after semi-curing is in the range of 20 to 99 parts by mass. is preferably
- the substrate is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include inorganic fibers other than glass such as glass fiber and quartz; organic fibers such as polyimide, polyamide and polyester; and woven fabric such as liquid crystal polyester. Woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, rovings, chopped strand mats, surfacing mats, and the like are known as the shape of the substrate, and any of these may be used.
- the substrate can be used singly or in combination of two or more. Among woven fabrics, woven fabrics subjected to super-opening treatment and stuffing treatment are particularly suitable from the viewpoint of dimensional stability. A liquid crystal polyester woven fabric is preferable from the aspect of electrical properties.
- the thickness of the base material is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.2 mm for laminate applications.
- the metal foil-clad laminate has a layer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of the resin sheet of the present invention and a prepreg, and a metal foil disposed on one or both sides of the layer.
- the layer contains a cured product of the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- a prepreg for example, a metal foil such as copper or aluminum is placed on one or both sides of one prepreg or a stack of a plurality of prepregs, and laminated. It can be produced by
- the metal foil used here is not particularly limited as long as it is used for printed wiring board materials, but copper foils such as rolled copper foil and electrolytic copper foil are preferred.
- the thickness of the metal foil is not particularly limited, it is preferably 2 to 70 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 35 ⁇ m.
- the molding conditions methods used in the production of ordinary laminates and multi-layer boards for printed wiring boards can be employed. For example, using a multi-stage press, multi-stage vacuum press, continuous molding machine, autoclave molding machine, etc., the temperature is 180 to 350 ° C., the heating time is 100 to 300 minutes, and the surface pressure is 20 to 100 kg / cm 2 .
- the metal foil-clad laminate of the present invention can be produced.
- a multilayer board can also be produced by combining the prepreg and a wiring board for an inner layer, which is separately produced, and performing lamination molding.
- a multilayer board for example, 35 ⁇ m copper foil is placed on both sides of one prepreg sheet, laminated under the above conditions, an inner layer circuit is formed, and this circuit is subjected to blackening treatment. to form an inner layer circuit board. Further, the inner layer circuit board and the prepreg are alternately arranged one by one, and a copper foil is arranged as the outermost layer, and laminated under the above conditions, preferably under vacuum. Thus, a multilayer board can be produced.
- the metal foil-clad laminate can be suitably used as a printed wiring board by further forming a pattern.
- a printed wiring board can be manufactured according to a conventional method, and the manufacturing method is not specifically limited. An example of a method for manufacturing a printed wiring board is shown below.
- First, the above metal foil-clad laminate is prepared.
- Next, an inner layer substrate is produced by etching the surface of the metal foil-clad laminate to form an inner layer circuit.
- the surface of the inner layer circuit of this inner layer substrate is subjected to a surface treatment for increasing the adhesive strength, if necessary, and then the required number of prepregs are laminated on the surface of the inner layer circuit.
- a metal foil for an outer layer circuit is laminated on the outer side of the laminate, which is heated and pressurized for integral molding.
- a multilayer laminate is produced in which an insulating layer composed of a substrate and a cured product of the curable resin composition is formed between the inner layer circuit and the metal foil for the outer layer circuit.
- a plated metal film is formed on the walls of the holes for conducting metal foils for inner layer circuits and outer layer circuits.
- the printed wiring board is manufactured by etching the metal foil for the outer layer circuit to form the outer layer circuit.
- the printed wiring board obtained in the above production example has an insulating layer and a conductor layer formed on one or both sides of the insulating layer, and the insulating layer contains the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- the prepreg of the present invention the base material and the curable resin composition of the present invention impregnated or applied thereto
- the layer of the curable resin composition of the metal foil-clad laminate of the present invention the curable resin of the present invention
- the layer made of the composition can constitute an insulating layer containing the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- a multilayer printed wiring board has an insulating layer and a conductor layer formed on one side or both sides of the insulating layer, and the insulating layer contains the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- the insulating layer can also be obtained, for example, by stacking one or more resin sheets and curing them.
- the prepreg of the present invention may be used instead of the resin sheet of the present invention.
- the multilayer printed wiring board of the present invention can be produced by a conventional method, and the production method is not particularly limited. An example of a method for manufacturing a multilayer printed wiring board is shown below. First, the above metal foil-clad laminate is prepared.
- an inner layer substrate is produced by etching the surface of the metal foil-clad laminate to form an inner layer circuit.
- the surface of the inner layer circuit of this inner layer substrate is subjected to a surface treatment for increasing the adhesive strength, if necessary, and then the required number of prepregs are laminated on the surface of the inner layer circuit.
- a metal foil for an outer layer circuit is laminated on the outer side of the laminate, and the laminate is integrally formed by heating and pressing. In this manner, a multilayer laminate is produced in which an insulating layer composed of the base material and the cured product of the curable resin composition is formed between the inner layer circuit and the metal foil for the outer layer circuit.
- a plated metal film is formed on the walls of the holes for conducting metal foils for inner layer circuits and outer layer circuits. Furthermore, a multilayer printed wiring board is manufactured by etching the metal foil for the outer layer circuit to form the outer layer circuit.
- the printed wiring board obtained in the above production example has an insulating layer and a conductor layer formed on one or both sides of the insulating layer, and the insulating layer contains the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- the prepreg of the present invention the base material and the curable resin composition of the present invention impregnated or applied thereto
- the layer of the curable resin composition of the metal foil-clad laminate of the present invention the curable resin of the present invention
- the layer made of the composition can constitute an insulating layer containing the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- the sealing material contains the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- a method for producing the sealing material generally known methods can be appropriately applied, and there is no particular limitation.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention and various known additives or solvents generally used for sealing materials are mixed using a known mixer to produce a sealing material. can be done.
- the method of adding the maleimide compound of the present invention, various additives, and the solvent during mixing is not particularly limited, and generally known methods can be appropriately applied.
- the fiber-reinforced composite material includes the curable resin composition of the present invention and reinforcing fibers.
- the reinforcing fiber generally known ones can be used, and there is no particular limitation.
- glass fibers such as E glass, D glass, L glass, S glass, T glass, Q glass, UN glass, NE glass, spherical glass; carbon fiber; aramid fiber; boron fiber; PBO fiber; alumina fiber; silicon carbide fiber;
- the form and arrangement of the reinforcing fibers are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, mats, knits, braids, unidirectional strands, rovings, chopped and the like.
- preforms laminated fabric base fabrics made of reinforcing fibers, or those integrated by stitching with stitch threads, or fiber structures such as three-dimensional fabrics and braids
- stitch threads or fiber structures such as three-dimensional fabrics and braids
- the resin transfer molding method which is one of the liquid composite molding methods, allows materials other than preforms, such as metal plates, foam cores, and honeycomb cores, to be set in advance in the mold. Since it can be applied to various applications, it is preferably used when mass-producing composite materials with relatively complicated shapes in a short time.
- the adhesive contains the curable resin composition of the present invention.
- the method for producing the adhesive generally known methods can be appropriately applied, and there is no particular limitation.
- an adhesive can be produced by mixing the curable resin composition of the present invention with various known additives or solvents generally used for adhesives using a known mixer.
- the method of adding the maleimide compound of the present invention, various additives, and the solvent during mixing is not particularly limited, and generally known methods can be appropriately applied.
- the semiconductor device has the curable resin composition of the present invention. Specifically, it can be produced by the following method.
- a semiconductor device can be manufactured by mounting a semiconductor chip on the conductive portion of the multilayer printed wiring board of the present invention.
- the conductive portion means a portion of the multilayer printed wiring board that transmits an electric signal, and the portion may be a surface or an embedded portion.
- the semiconductor chip is not particularly limited as long as it is an electric circuit element made of a semiconductor.
- the method of mounting a semiconductor chip when manufacturing a semiconductor device is not particularly limited as long as the semiconductor chip functions effectively. ), an anisotropic conductive film (ACF) mounting method, and a non-conductive film (NCF) mounting method.
- ACF anisotropic conductive film
- NCF non-conductive film
- a semiconductor device can also be manufactured by forming an insulating layer containing the curable resin composition of the present invention on a semiconductor chip or a substrate on which a semiconductor chip is mounted.
- the shape of the substrate on which the semiconductor chips are mounted may be wafer-like or panel-like. After forming, it can be manufactured using the same method as the multilayer printed wiring board described above.
- a Dean-Stark trap and condenser were attached to the flask.
- the mixture was heated to reflux for 6 hours to form the amine-terminated diimide.
- the theoretical amount of water produced from this condensation was obtained by this time.
- the reaction mixture was cooled below room temperature and 18.8 g (0.19 mol) of maleic anhydride was added to the flask.
- the mixture was refluxed for an additional 8 hours to obtain the expected amount of product water.
- Another 200 ml of toluene was added to the flask.
- the aromatic amine resin (a1) had an amine equivalent of 179 g/eq and a softening point of 46.5°C.
- THPA 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride
- THPA 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride
- AV mgKOH/g
- Examples 1 to 5 ⁇ Preparation of curable resin composition and resin film> The components shown below were blended in the composition shown in Table 1 to prepare curable resin compositions of Examples 1 to 5. Using an applicator, on a hot plate heated to 60 ° C., 12 ⁇ m ultra-low viscosity electrolytic copper foil (CF-T4X-SV (trade name), manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co., Ltd.) and the above curing. A flexible resin composition was applied to the film, and heat treatment was performed using an oven at 120° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a B-stage resin film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- CF-T4X-SV ultra-low viscosity electrolytic copper foil
- a 12 ⁇ m ultra-low viscosity electrolytic copper foil (CF-T4X-SV (trade name), manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co., Ltd.) is further laminated to the obtained B-stage resin film using a laminator. , and 220° C. for 2 hours to complete thermal curing.
- the B-stage resin film was exposed to 100 mJ/cm 2 (irradiation intensity 10 mW/cm 2 , 10 seconds) with an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (manufactured by Ushio Inc.: USH-500BY1).
- ⁇ Preparation of copper foil laminate The resin film peeled off by etching and two sheets of copper foil (CF-T4X-SV (trade name), manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co., Ltd.) were laminated so that the mirror surface of the copper foil faced the resin film. , under the conditions of 220°C, 1.0 MPa, and 2 hours, a copper foil laminate was obtained in which the copper foil, the cured resin film, and the copper foil were laminated in this order.
- CF-T4X-SV trade name
- Visual compatibility refers to the state of visual observation of the curable resin composition after the components (A) to (D) have been blended and stirred. Good compatibility indicates that there are no precipitates and can be applied to the base material. Poor compatibility means that there are precipitates and the like, making it difficult to apply the material to the base material. point to (Evaluation criteria) ⁇ : No precipitates ⁇ : Precipitates present
- the curable resin composition is put into a square cell with an optical path length of 10 mm, and the curable resin is measured with a simultaneous color and turbidity measuring instrument (Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd., COH400) at 25 ° C.
- a simultaneous color and turbidity measuring instrument Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd., COH400
- the total light transmittance (Tt) is the sum of the parallel light transmittance (Tp) transmitted coaxially with the incident light and the diffuse light transmittance (Td).
- Haze (H) Td/Tt ⁇ 100 (1)
- the haze of the curable resin composition thus obtained was evaluated in four grades. ⁇ : Haze is less than 30 ⁇ : Haze is 30 or more and less than 50 ⁇ : Haze is 50 or more and less than 70 ⁇ : Haze is 70 or more
- the copper foil on both sides of the copper foil laminate was removed by etching, dried at 130° C. for 30 minutes, and then the cured resin film was cut to prepare a test piece of 10 cm ⁇ 5 cm.
- the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent at 10 GHz of the obtained test piece were measured with a cavity resonator method dielectric constant measuring device (manufactured by AET Co., Ltd.). After the measurement, the test piece was immersed in water for 24 hours to absorb water, then removed from the water, wiped off the moisture, left to stand in an environment of 25°C and 20% for one day, and then the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent at 10 GHz were measured again. .
- the cured resin film was cut to prepare a test piece of 5 cm ⁇ 5 mm.
- the obtained test piece was measured with a dynamic viscoelasticity tester (DMA: trade name “RSA-G2”, manufactured by TA Instruments)), and the temperature at which tan ⁇ reached the maximum value was determined as the glass transition temperature. Furthermore, the tan ⁇ peak waveform was verified from the viewpoint of compatibility, and the number of peaks was counted.
- DMA dynamic viscoelasticity tester
- the copper foil on both sides of the copper foil laminate was removed by etching, dried at 130° C. for 30 minutes, and then the cured resin film was cut to prepare a test piece of 10 cm ⁇ 5 cm.
- the obtained test piece was immersed in water for 24 hours to absorb water, then removed from the water and wiped off, and the weight increase rate of the test piece was taken as the water absorption rate.
- Example 4 After drying the solvent, it was exposed to 100 mJ/cm2 (irradiation intensity: 10 mW/cm2, 10 seconds) with an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (manufactured by Ushio Inc.: USH-500BY1), and then Aflex (Grade: 25N NT ) (manufactured by AGC Co., Ltd.) were laminated using a laminator and heated at 220° C. for 2 hours to complete thermosetting. ⁇ 100 hours or more ⁇ 20 hours or more and less than 100 hours ⁇ 20 hours or less
- the curable resin compositions of Examples 1 to 5 have good adhesion to the substrate, and the properties of the cured product include low dielectric properties and low elasticity. It was confirmed to have a high heat resistance, a low water absorption rate, and a high heat resistance. Therefore, the curable resin composition of the present invention can be used, for example, in photosensitive films, photosensitive films with supports, prepregs, resin sheets, circuit boards (for laminated boards, multilayer printed wiring boards, etc.), solder resists, and underfill materials. , die bonding materials, semiconductor sealing materials, hole-filling resins, part-embedding resins, fiber-reinforced composite materials, and the like. As a result, the characteristics of laminates such as printed circuit boards and electronic components such as semiconductor devices can be dramatically improved.
Abstract
Description
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、半導体素子及び半導体基板等に使用できる保護膜、層間絶縁膜、再配線層の絶縁膜、及びアンダーフィル等に適用することができる。
主骨格が互いに異なる場合においても相溶する2種以上のマレイミド樹脂を使用することで、それぞれの母骨格に基づくメリット、すなわち長鎖骨格による柔軟性や環状構造を複数有することによる高耐熱性等の特性を生かしつつ、機械特性や低誘電特性にも優れる硬化物を得ることができる。
[1]
ダイマー酸から誘導されたジアミン(a-1)と、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(a-2)と、マレイン酸無水物とを反応させて得られた環状イミド結合を有するマレイミド樹脂(A)と、
下記式(1)で表されるマレイミド樹脂(B)と、
硬化促進剤(D)と、
を含み、成分(A)、(B)および(D)が相溶するものである硬化性樹脂組成物。
[2]
前記成分(A)が下記式(2)で表されるものである、前項[1]に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[3]
前記成分(a-2)が下記式(3-a)で表されるものである、前項[1]または[2]に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[4]
前記成分(a-2)が下記式(4-1a)~(4-11a)からなる群から選択されるものである、前項[3]に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[5]
成分(A)および成分(B)以外の熱硬化樹脂(C)をさらに含み、成分(A)~(D)が相溶するものである、前項[1]~[4]の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[6]
前記成分(C)が、前記成分(A)および成分(B)以外のマレイミド化合物、シアネートエステル化合物、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、オキセタン樹脂、ベンゾオキサジン化合物、カルボジイミド化合物、及びエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物からなる群より選択される1種以上である、前項[5]に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[7]
前記成分(C)が下記式(5)で表される化合物である、前項[5]または[6]に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[8]
前記成分(a-2)が下記式(6)で表される化合物である、前項[1]~[7]の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
前記成分(a-2)が下記式(7)で表される化合物である、前項[1]~[7]の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
前記成分(D)が、熱ラジカル重合開始剤、及びイミダゾール化合物から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、前項[1]~[9]の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[11]
前記熱ラジカル重合開始剤が有機過酸化物である、前項[10]に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[12]
硬化性樹脂組成物総量中、前記成分(A)の含有量が30重量%以上95重量%未満、前記成分(B)の含有量が3重量%以上60重量%未満であって、前記成分(A)の含有量が前記成分(B)よりも大きいものである前項[1]~[11]の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[13]
JIS K7136に準拠して測定した、光路長10mmにおけるヘイズ値が50未満である、前項[1]~[12]の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
[14]
前項[1]~[13]の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物を含む樹脂シート。
[15]
前項[1]~[13]の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化した硬化物。
[16]
前項[15]に記載の硬化物を、表面保護膜、層間絶縁膜、再配線層の絶縁膜、及びアンダーフィルからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種として備える半導体素子及び半導体基板。
先ず、本発明のマレイミド樹脂の製造方法について説明する。
(式(3-a)中、R6は、炭化水素環を含む炭素数4~40の4価の有機基であり、当該有機基は、芳香族環を含むこともできる。)
マレイミド樹脂(B)は、前駆体として下記式(8)で表される芳香族アミン樹脂を用いることができる。
[相溶性]
硬化性樹脂組成物を目視で観察した際に、析出物等がなく基材への塗布等が可能であるものを相溶性が良好、析出物等があり基材への塗布等が困難なものを相溶性が悪いとした。
[ヘイズ値]
JIS K7136に準拠して、硬化性樹脂組成物を光路長10mmの角セルに投入し、25℃の条件で色彩・濁度同時測定器(日本電色製、COH400)で硬化性樹脂組成物に光を照射して透過した光線の全量を表す全光線透過率(Tt)と、シートによって拡散された透過した拡散光線透過率(Td)との比によって下記計算式(1)で求めた。前記全光線透過率(Tt)は、入射光と同軸のまま透過した平行光線透過率(Tp)と拡散光線透過率(Td)との和である。
ヘイズ(H)=Td/Tt×100・・・(1)
式(5)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、例えば、DESIGNER MOLECURES Inc.製BMI-689(商品名)が挙げられる。
式(11)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、例えば、大和化成工業(株)社製BMI-2300(商品名)が挙げられる。
式(12)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、例えば、日本化薬(株)社製MIR-3000(商品名)が挙げられる。
式(13)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、例えば、ケイ・アイ化成(株)製BMI-1000P(商品名、式(13)中のn=13.6(平均))、ケイ・アイ化成(株)社製BMI-650P(商品名、式(13)中のn=8.8(平均))、ケイ・アイ化成(株)社製BMI-250P(商品名、式(13)中のn=3~8(平均))、ケイ・アイ化成(株)社製CUA-4(商品名、式(13)中のn=1)等が挙げられる。
式(14)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、例えば、Designer Molecules Inc.製BMI-6100(商品名、式(14)中のx=18、y=18)等が挙げられる。
式(15)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、例えば、Designer Molecules Inc.製BMI-1500(商品名、式(15)中のn=1.3、官能基当量:754g/eq.)等が挙げられる。
式(16)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、市販品を利用することもでき、例えば、Designer Molecules Inc.(DMI)製BMI-1700(商品名)が挙げられる。
式(17)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、市販品を利用することもでき、例えば、Designer Molecules Inc.(DMI)製BMI-3000(商品名)、Designer Molecules Inc.(DMI)製BMI-5000(商品名)、Designer Molecules Inc.(DMI)製BMI-9000(商品名)が挙げられる。
式(18)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、市販品を利用することもでき、例えば、大和化成工業株式会社製BMI-TMH(商品名)が挙げられる。
式(19)で表されるマレイミド化合物としては、市販品を利用することもでき、たとえば、ケイ・アイ化成(株)製BMI-70(商品名)があげられる。
これらの他のマレイミド化合物は、1種単独又は2種以上を適宜混合して使用することも可能である。
有機過酸化物系重合開始剤としては、例えば、メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド、メチルシクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド、メチルアセトアセテートパーオキサイド、アセチルアセトンパーオキサイド、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサン、1,1-ビス(t-ヘキシルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン、1,1-ビス(t-ヘキシルパーオキシ)3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサン、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン、2,2-ビス(4,4-ジ-t-ブチルパーオキシシクロヘキシル)プロパン、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロドデカン、n-ブチル4,4-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)バレレート、2,2-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ブタン、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)-2-メチルシクロヘキサン、t-ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド、p-メンタンハイドロパーオキサイド、1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルハイドロパーオキサイド、t-ヘキシルハイドロパーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、α,α’-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ジイソプロピルベンゼン、t-ブチルクミルパーオキサイド、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキサイド、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキシン-3、イソブチリルパーオキサイド、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノイルパーオキサイド、オクタノイルパーオキサイド、ラウロイルパーオキサイド、桂皮酸パーオキサイド、m-トルオイルパーオキサイド、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ジイソプロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ビス(4-t-ブチルシクロヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート、ジ-3-メトキシブチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ-2-エチルヘキシルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ-sec-ブチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ(3-メチル-3-メトキシブチル)パーオキシジカーボネート、ジ(4-t-ブチルシクロヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート、α,α’-ビス(ネオデカノイルパーオキシ)ジイソプロピルベンゼン、クミルパーオキシネオデカノエート、1,1,3,3,-テトラメチルブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、1-シクロヘキシル-1-メチルエチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシピバレート、t-ブチルパーオキシピバレート、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ビス(2-エチルヘキサノイルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルへキサノエート、1-シクロヘキシル-1-メチルエチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシイソブチレート、t-ブチルパーオキシマレイックアシッド、t-ブチルパーオキシラウレート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルモノカーボネート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキシルモノカーボネート、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ビス(ベンゾイルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、t-ブチルパーオキシアセテート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシベンゾエート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-m-トルオイルベンゾエート、t-ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)イソフタレート、t-ブチルパーオキシアリルモノカーボネート、3,3’,4,4’-テトラ(t-ブチルパーオキシカルボニル)ベンゾフェノン等が挙げられる。
本発明の光重合開始剤としては、特に制限されず、従来用いられているものを適宜採用することができ、例えば、アセトフェノン、2,2-ジメトキシアセトフェノン、p-ジメチルアミノアセトフェノン、ミヒラーケトン、ベンジル、ベンゾイン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ベンゾインエチルエーテル、ベンゾインイソプロピルエーテル、ベンゾインn-プロピルエーテル、ベンゾインイソプロピルエーテル、ベンゾインn-ブチルエーテル、ベンジルジメチルケタール、チオキサトン、2-クロロチオキサソン、2-メチルチオキサトン、2,2-ジメトキシ-1,2-ジフェニルエタン-1-オン、1-ヒドロキシ-シクロヘキシル-フェニル-ケトン、2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニル-プロパン-1-オン、1-[4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-フェニル]-2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-プロパン-1-オン、2-ヒドロキシ-1-{4-[4-(2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-プロピオニル)-ベンジル]フェニル}-2-メチル-プロパン-1-オン、2-メチル-1-(4-メチルチオフェニル)-2-モルフォリノプロパン-1-オン、2-ベンジル-2-ジメチルアミノ-1-(4-モルフォリノフェニル)-1-ブタノン、2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル-ジフェニル-フォスフィンオキサイド、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルフォスフィンオキサイド、1,2-オクタンジオン,1-[4-(フェニルチオ)フェニル]-,2-(O-ベンゾイルオキシム)、エタノン,1-[9-エチル-6-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-9H-カルバゾール-3-イル]-,1-(O-アセチルオキシム)、2,4-ジメチルチオキサントン等の光重合開始剤が挙げられる。このような光重合開始剤としては、1種を単独で用いても2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物には、塗膜性や耐熱性等の諸特性を向上させるために、充填材を更に含むことができる。充填材としては、絶縁性を有し、波長405nm(h線)に対する透過性を阻害しないものであることが好ましい。充填材としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、シリカ(例えば、天然シリカ、溶融シリカ、アモルファスシリカ、中空シリカ等)、アルミニウム化合物(例えば、ベーマイト、水酸化アルミニウム、アルミナ、窒化アルミニウム等)、ホウ素化合物(例えば、窒化ホウ素等)、マグネシウム化合物(例えば、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム等)、カルシウム化合物(例えば、炭酸カルシウム等)、モリブデン化合物(例えば、酸化モリブデン、モリブデン酸亜鉛等)、バリウム化合物(例えば、硫酸バリウム、ケイ酸バリウム等)、タルク(例えば、天然タルク、焼成タルク等)、マイカ(雲母)、ガラス(例えば、短繊維状ガラス、球状ガラス、微粉末ガラス(例えば、Eガラス、Tガラス、Dガラス等)等)、シリコーンパウダー、フッ素樹脂系充填材、ウレタン樹脂系充填材、(メタ)アクリル樹脂系充填材、ポリエチレン系充填材、スチレン・ブタジエンゴム、及びシリコーンゴム等が挙げられる。これらの充填材は、1種単独又は2種以上を適宜混合して使用することも可能である。
これらの充填材は、後述のシランカップリング剤等で表面処理されていてもよい。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物には、充填材の分散性、ポリマー及び/又は樹脂と、充填材との接着強度を向上させるために、シランカップリング剤及び/又は湿潤分散剤を併用することも可能である。
これらのシランカップリング剤としては、一般に無機物の表面処理に使用されているシランカップリング剤であれば、特に限定されない。具体例としては、例えば、3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルジメトキシメチルシラン、3-アミノプロピルジエトキシメチルシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルジメトキシメチルシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルジエトキシメチルシラン、N-フェニル-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N-フェニル-3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、[3-(6-アミノヘキシルアミノ)プロピル]トリメトキシシラン、及び[3-(N,N-ジメチルアミノ)-プロピル]トリメトキシシランなどのアミノシラン系;3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-グリシドキシプロピルジメトキシメチルシラン、3-グリシドキシプロピルジエトキシメチルシラン、2-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン、及び[8-(グリシジルオキシ)-n-オクチル]トリメトキシシランなどのエポキシシラン系;ビニルトリス(2-メトキシエトキシ)シラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ジメトキシメチルビニルシラン、ジエトキシメチルビニルシラン、トリメトキシ(7-オクテン-1-イル)シラン、及びトリメトキシ(4-ビニルフェニル)シランなどのビニルシラン系;3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルジメトキシメチルシラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルジエトキシメチルシランなどのメタクリルシラン系、3-アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、及び3-アクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシランなどのアクリルシラン系;3-イソシアネートプロピルトリメトキシシラン、及び3-イソシアネートプロピルトリエトキシシランなどのイソシアネートシラン系;トリス-(トリメトキシシリルプロピル)イソシアヌレートなどのイソシアヌレートシラン系;3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、及び3-メルカプトプロピルジメトキシメチルシランなどのメルカプトシラン系;3-ウレイドプロピルトリエトキシシランなどのウレイドシラン系;p-スチリルトリメトキシシランなどのスチリルシラン系;N-[2-(N-ビニルベンジルアミノ)エチル]-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン塩酸塩などのカチオニックシラン系;[3-(トリメトキシシリル)プロピル]コハク酸無水物などの酸無水物系;フェニルトリメトキシシラン、フェニルトリエトキシシラン、ジメトキシメチルフェニルシラン、ジエトキシメチルフェニルシラン、及びp-トリルトリメトキシシランなどのフェニルシラン系;トリメトキシ(1-ナフチル)シランなどのアリールシラン系が挙げられる。これらのシランカップリング剤は、1種単独又は2種以上を適宜混合して使用することも可能である。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物において、湿潤分散剤の含有量は、特に限定されないが、通常、硬化性樹脂組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部に対して、0.1~10質量部である。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて、有機溶剤を含有していてもよい。有機溶剤を用いると、硬化性樹脂組成物の調製時における粘度を調整することができる。有機溶剤の種類は、硬化性樹脂組成物中の樹脂の一部又は全部を溶解可能なものであれば、特に限定されない。具体例としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、及びメチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン類;シクロペンタノン、及びシクロヘキサノン等の脂環式ケトン類;ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、及びプロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等のセロソルブ系溶媒;乳酸エチル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、酢酸イソアミル、乳酸エチル、メトキシプロピオン酸メチル、ヒドロキシイソ酪酸メチル、及びγ―ブチロラクトン等のエステル系溶媒;ジメチルアセトアミド、及びジメチルホルムアミド等のアミド類などの極性溶剤類;トルエン、及びキシレン、アニソール等の芳香族炭化水素等の無極性溶剤、N-メチルピロリドン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N-ジメチルイミダゾリジノン等のアミド系溶剤、テトラメチレンスルフォン等のスルフォン類が挙げられる。
これらの有機溶剤は、1種単独又は2種以上を適宜混合して使用することも可能である。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物には、本発明の特性が損なわれない範囲において、これまでに挙げられていない熱硬化性樹脂、熱可塑性樹脂、及びそのオリゴマー、エラストマー類等の種々の高分子化合物;これまでに挙げられていない難燃性の化合物;添加剤等の併用も可能である。これらは一般に使用されているものであれば、特に限定されない。例えば、難燃性の化合物では、メラミンやベンゾグアナミン等の窒素含有化合物、及びリン系化合物のホスフェート化合物、芳香族縮合リン酸エステル、含ハロゲン縮合リン酸エステル等が挙げられる。添加剤としては、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、蛍光増白剤、光増感剤、染料、フタロシアニンブルー、フタロシアニングリーン等の顔料、カーボンブラック、増粘剤、滑剤、消泡剤、表面調整剤、光沢剤、重合禁止剤、硬化促進剤等が挙げられる。これらの成分は、1種単独又は2種以上を適宜混合して使用することも可能である。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物において、その他の成分の含有量は、特に限定されないが、通常、硬化性樹脂組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部に対して、それぞれ0.1~10質量部である。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、前記成分(A)~(D)と、必要に応じて、樹脂又は化合物、光硬化開始剤、充填材、その他の成分、及び添加剤等を適宜混合することにより調製される。本発明の樹脂組成物は、後述する本発明の樹脂シートを作製する際のワニスとして、好適に使用することができる。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、絶縁性の樹脂組成物が必要とされる用途に使用することができ、特に限定されないが、感光性フィルム、支持体付き感光性フィルム、プリプレグ、樹脂シート、回路基板(積層板用途、多層プリント配線板用途等)、ソルダーレジスト、アンダーフィル材、ダイボンディング材、半導体封止材、穴埋め樹脂、部品埋め込み樹脂、繊維強化複合材料等の用途に使用することができる。それらの中でも、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、チップ及び基板等とのより優れた接着性と共に、耐熱性及び熱安定性に優れるため、多層プリント配線板の絶縁層用として、又はソルダーレジスト用として好適に使用することができる。
本発明の硬化物は、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させてなる。硬化物は、特に限定されないが、例えば、硬化性樹脂組成物を溶融又は溶媒に溶解させた後、型内に流し込み、熱や光などを用いて通常の条件で硬化させることにより得ることができる。熱硬化の場合、硬化温度は、特に限定されないが、硬化が効率的に進み、かつ得られる硬化物の劣化を防止する観点から、120℃から300℃の範囲内が好ましい。光硬化の場合、光の波長領域は、特に限定されないが、光重合開始剤等により効率的に硬化が進む100nmから500nmの範囲で硬化させることが好ましい。
本発明の樹脂シートは、支持体と、前記支持体の片面又は両面に配された樹脂層と、を有し、前記樹脂層が、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物を含む、支持体付き樹脂シートである。樹脂シートは、硬化性樹脂組成物を支持体上に塗布、及び乾燥して製造することができる。本発明の樹脂シートにおける樹脂層は、チップ及び基板等との優れた接着性と共に、優れた耐熱性及び熱安定性を有する。
塗布方法は、例えば、ロールコーター、コンマコーター、グラビアコーター、ダイコーター、バーコーター、リップコーター、ナイフコーター、及びスクイズコーター等を用いた公知の方法で行うことができる。前記乾燥は、例えば、60~200℃の乾燥機中で、1~60分加熱させる方法等により行うことができる。
本発明において、プリプレグは、基材と、前記基材に含浸又は塗布された、硬化性樹脂組成物とを含む。プリプレグの製造方法は、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物と、基材とを組み合わせてプリプレグを製造する方法であれば、特に限定されない。例えば、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物を基材に含浸又は塗布させた後、120~220℃の乾燥機中で、2~15分程度乾燥させる方法によって半硬化(Bステージ化)させることで、本発明のプリプレグを製造することができる。このとき、基材に対する硬化性樹脂組成物の付着量、すなわち半硬化後のプリプレグの100質量部に対する硬化性樹脂組成物の含有量(充填材を含む。)は、20~99質量部の範囲であることが好ましい。
本発明において、金属箔張積層板は、本発明の樹脂シート、及びプリプレグからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む層と、前記層の片面又は両面に配された金属箔と、を有し、前記層が、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物を含む。プリプレグを用いる場合としては、例えば、前記のプリプレグ1枚に対して、又はプリプレグを複数枚重ねたものに対して、その片面又は両面に銅やアルミニウムなどの金属箔を配置して、積層成形することにより作製することができる。ここで用いられる金属箔は、プリント配線板材料に用いられているものであれば、特に限定されないが、圧延銅箔及び電解銅箔等の銅箔が好ましい。金属箔の厚さは、特に限定されないが、2~70μmであることが好ましく、3~35μmであることがより好ましい。成形条件としては、通常のプリント配線板用積層板及び多層板の作製時に用いられる手法を採用できる。例えば、多段プレス機、多段真空プレス機、連続成形機、又はオートクレーブ成形機などを用い、温度180~350℃、加熱時間100~300分、面圧20~100kg/cm2の条件で積層成形することにより本発明の金属箔張積層板を製造することができる。また、前記のプリプレグと、別途作製した内層用の配線板とを組み合わせて積層成形することにより、多層板を作製することもできる。多層板の製造方法としては、例えば、前記したプリプレグ1枚の両面に35μmの銅箔を配置し、前記条件にて積層形成した後、内層回路を形成し、この回路に黒化処理を実施して内層回路板を形成する。さらに、この内層回路板と前記のプリプレグとを交互に1枚ずつ配置し、さらに最外層に銅箔を配置して、前記条件にて好ましくは真空下で積層成形する。こうして、多層板を作製することができる。
まず、前記の金属箔張積層板を用意する。次に、金属箔張積層板の表面にエッチング処理を施して内層回路を形成することにより、内層基板を作製する。この内層基板の内層回路表面に、必要に応じて接着強度を高めるための表面処理を施し、次いで、その内層回路表面に前記のプリプレグを所要枚数重ねる。さらに、その外側に外層回路用の金属箔を積層し、加熱、及び加圧して一体成形する。このようにして、内層回路と外層回路用の金属箔との間に、基材、及び硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなる絶縁層が形成された多層の積層板が製造される。次いで、この多層の積層板にスルーホールやバイアホール用の穴あけ加工を施した後、この穴の壁面に内層回路と外層回路用の金属箔とを導通させるめっき金属皮膜を形成する。さらに、外層回路用の金属箔にエッチング処理を施して外層回路を形成することで、プリント配線板が製造される。
本発明において、多層プリント配線板は、絶縁層と、前記絶縁層の片面又は両面に形成された導体層と、を有し、前記絶縁層が、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物を含む。絶縁層は、例えば、樹脂シートを1枚以上重ねて硬化して得ることもできる。本発明の樹脂シートの代わりに、本発明のプリプレグを用いてもよい。本発明の多層プリント配線板は、常法に従って製造することができ、その製造方法は特に限定されない。以下、多層プリント配線板の製造方法の一例を示す。
まず、前記の金属箔張積層板を用意する。次に、金属箔張積層板の表面にエッチング処理を施して内層回路を形成することにより、内層基板を作製する。この内層基板の内層回路表面に、必要に応じて接着強度を高めるための表面処理を施し、次いで、その内層回路表面に前記のプリプレグを所要枚数重ねる。さらに、その外側に外層回路用の金属箔を積層し、加熱及び加圧して一体成形する。このようにして、内層回路と外層回路用の金属箔との間に、基材及び硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなる絶縁層が形成された多層の積層板が製造される。次いで、この多層の積層板にスルーホールやバイアホール用の穴あけ加工を施した後、この穴の壁面に内層回路と外層回路用の金属箔とを導通させるめっき金属皮膜を形成する。さらに、外層回路用の金属箔にエッチング処理を施して外層回路を形成することで、多層プリント配線板が製造される。
本発明において、封止用材料は、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物を含む。封止用材料の製造方法としては、一般に公知の方法を適宜適用でき、特に限定されない。例えば、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物と、封止材料用途で一般的に用いられる各種公知の添加剤あるいは溶媒等を、公知のミキサーを用いて混合することで封止用材料を製造することができる。なお、混合の際の、本発明のマレイミド化合物、各種添加剤、溶媒の添加方法は、一般に公知の方法を適宜適用でき、特に限定されない。
本発明において、繊維強化複合材料は、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物と、強化繊維とを含む。強化繊維としては、一般的に公知のものを用いることができ、特に限定されない。例えば、Eガラス、Dガラス、Lガラス、Sガラス、Tガラス、Qガラス、UNガラス、NEガラス、球状ガラス等のガラス繊維;炭素繊維;アラミド繊維;ボロン繊維;PBO繊維;高強力ポリエチレン繊維;アルミナ繊維;炭化ケイ素繊維が挙げられる。強化繊維の形態や配列については、特に限定されず、織物、不織布、マット、ニット、組み紐、一方向ストランド、ロービング、及びチョップド等から適宜選択できる。また、強化繊維の形態としてプリフォーム(強化繊維からなる織物基布を積層したもの、又はこれをステッチ糸により縫合一体化したもの、あるいは立体織物や編組物などの繊維構造物)を適用することもできる。
本発明において、接着剤は、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物を含む。接着剤の製造方法としては、一般に公知の方法を適宜適用でき、特に限定されない。例えば、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物と、接着剤用途で一般的に用いられる各種公知の添加剤あるいは溶媒等を、公知のミキサーを用いて混合することで接着剤を製造することができる。なお、混合の際の、本発明のマレイミド化合物、各種添加剤、溶媒の添加方法は、一般に公知の方法を適宜適用でき、特に限定されない。
本発明において、半導体装置は、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物を有する。具体的には、以下の方法により製造することができる。本発明の多層プリント配線板の導通箇所に、半導体チップを実装することにより半導体装置を製造することができる。ここで、導通箇所とは、多層プリント配線板における電気信号を伝える箇所のことであって、その場所は表面であっても、埋め込まれた箇所であってもよい。また、半導体チップは、半導体を材料とする電気回路素子であれば特に限定されない。
合成例1、2のGPC(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー)測定条件は以下の通りである。
・機種:GPC TOSOH HLC-8220GPC
・カラム:Super HZM-N
・溶離液:THF(テトラヒドロフラン);0.35ml/分、40℃
・検出器:RI(示差屈折計)
・分子量標準:ポリスチレン
[合成例1(A-1)]
テフロン(登録商標)コーティングされた撹拌バーを装備した500mlの丸底フラスコに、110gのトルエンと36gのN-メチルピロリドンを投入した。次にPRIAMINE 1074(クローダジャパン株式会社製)の85.6g(0.16mol)を加え、ついで無水メタンスルホン酸15.4g(0.16mol)をゆっくりと加え、塩を形成した。ほぼ10分間撹拌して混合し、ついで1,2,4,5-シクロヘキサンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(24.5g、0.08mol)を、撹拌された混合物にゆっくり加えた。ディーンスタークトラップとコンデンサーをフラスコに取り付けた。混合物を6時間還流に熱し、アミン末端のジイミドを形成した。この縮合からの生成水の理論量は、この時までに得られた。反応混合物は、室温以下に冷却され、無水マレイン酸の18.8g(0.19mol)がフラスコに加えられた。混合物は、さらに8時間還流され、期待された量の生成水を得た。室温に冷却された後、さらにトルエン200mlがフラスコに加えられた。次に、希釈された有機層を水(100ml×3)で洗浄し、塩や未反応の原料を除去した。その後、溶剤を真空下で除去し、琥珀色ワックス状のマレイミド樹脂(A-1)108g(収率90%、Mw=3,600)を得た。
テフロン(登録商標)コーティングされた撹拌バーを装備した500mlの丸底フラスコに、100gのトルエンと33gのN-メチルピロリドンを投入した。次にPRIAMINE 1075(クローダジャパン株式会社製)80.2g(0.16mol)を加え、ついで無水メタンスルホン酸14.4g(0.16mol)をゆっくりと加え、塩を形成した。ほぼ10分間撹拌して混合し、ついで4-(2,5-ジオキソテトラヒドロフラン-3-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-1,2-ジカルボン酸無水物(22.5g、0.08mol)を、撹拌された混合物にゆっくり加えた。ディーンスタークトラップとコンデンサーをフラスコに取り付けた。混合物を6時間熱して還流し、アミン末端のジイミドを形成した。この縮合からの生成水の理論量は、この時までに得られた。反応混合物は、室温以下に冷却され、無水マレイン酸の17.6g(0.19mol)がフラスコに加えられた。混合物は、さらに8時間還流され、期待された量の生成水を得た。室温に冷却された後、さらにトルエン200mlがフラスコに加えられた。次に、希釈された有機層を水(100ml×3回)で洗浄し、塩や未反応の原料を除去した。その後、溶剤を真空下で除去し、暗琥珀色液状のマレイミド樹脂(A-2)104g(収率93%、Mw=3,700)を得た。
・軟化点:JIS K-7234に準じた方法で測定
・酸価:JIS K-0700:1992に準じた方法で測定
・GPC(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー)分析
カラム:SHODEXGPC KF-601(2本)、KF-602、KF-602.5、KF-603
流速:0.5ml/min.
カラム温度:40℃
使用溶剤:THF(テトラヒドロフラン)
検出器:RI(示差屈折検出器)
・HPLC(高速液体クロマトグラフィー)分析
カラム:InertsilODS-2
流速:1.0ml/min.
カラム温度:40℃
使用溶剤:アセトニトリル・水
検出器:フォトダイオードアレイ(200nm)
温度計、冷却管、ディーンスターク共沸蒸留トラップ、撹拌機を取り付けたフラスコにアニリン279部、トルエン100部、m-ジ(α-ヒドロキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン146部、活性白土50部を仕込み、水、トルエンを留去しながら系内を6時間かけて170℃まで昇温し、この温度で13時間反応をした。その後室温まで冷却し、トルエンを230部加えてろ過により活性白土を除去した。次いでロータリーエバポレーターで油層から加熱減圧下において過剰のアニリンとトルエンを留去することにより前記(9)で表される芳香族アミン樹脂(A1)241部を得た。芳香族アミン樹脂(a1)のアミン当量は179g/eq、軟化点は46.5℃であった。GPC分析(RI)により、n=1体は73%であり、HPLC分析によるn=1体中の1,3-ビス(p-アミノクミル)ベンゼンは49%であるため、芳香族アミン樹脂中の1,3-ビス(p-アミノクミル)ベンゼンは、36%であった。
温度計、冷却管、ディーンスターク共沸蒸留トラップ、撹拌機を取り付けたフラスコに無水マレイン酸147部とトルエン300部、メタンスルホン酸4部を仕込み、加熱還流状態とした。次に、芳香族アミン樹脂(a1)197部をN-メチル-2-ピロリドン95部とトルエン100部に溶解した樹脂溶液を、還流状態を保ちながら3時間かけて滴下した。この間、還流条件で共沸してくる縮合水とトルエンをディーンスターク共沸蒸留トラップ内で冷却・分液した後、有機層であるトルエンは系内に戻し、水は系外へ排出した。樹脂溶液の滴下終了後、還流状態を保ち、脱水操作をしながら6時間反応を行った。
反応終了後、水洗を4回繰り返してメタンスルホン酸及び過剰の無水マレイン酸を除去し、70℃以下の加熱減圧下においてトルエンと水の共沸により、水を系内から除去した。次いで、メタンスルホン酸2部を加え、加熱還流状態で2時間反応を行った。反応終了後、水洗水が中性になるまで4回水洗を繰り返したのち、70℃以下の加熱減圧下においてトルエンと水の共沸により、水を系内から除去したのち、トルエンを加熱減圧下において完全に留去することにより前記式(10)で表されるマレイミド樹脂(B-1)を得た。得られたマレイミド樹脂(B-1)の軟化点は100℃、酸価は9mgKOH/gであった。
温度計、冷却管、ディーンスターク共沸蒸留トラップ、撹拌機を取り付けたフラスコに2-エチルアニリン290部、トルエン120部、m-ジ(α-ヒドロキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン117部、活性白土24部を仕込み、水、トルエンを留去しながら140℃で8時間、170℃で16時間反応をした。その後室温まで冷却し、トルエンを320部加えてろ過により活性白土を除去した。次いでロータリーエバポレーターで油層から加熱減圧下において過剰の2-エチルアニリンとトルエンを留去することにより前記(9)で表される芳香族アミン樹脂(a2)222部を得た。芳香族アミン樹脂のアミン当量は201g/eq、室温であった。GPC分析(RI)により、n=1体は89%であった。
温度計、冷却管、ディーンスターク共沸蒸留トラップ、撹拌機を取り付けたフラスコに無水マレイン酸147部とトルエン300部、メタンスルホン酸4部を仕込み、加熱還流状態とした。次に、合成例5で作成した芳香族アミン樹脂(a2)201部をトルエン140部に溶解した樹脂溶液を、還流状態を保ちながら7時間かけて滴下した。この間、還流条件で共沸してくる縮合水とトルエンをディーンスターク共沸蒸留トラップ内で冷却・分液した後、有機層であるトルエンは系内に戻し、水は系外へ排出した。樹脂溶液の滴下終了後、還流状態を保ち、脱水操作をしながら6時間反応を行った。
反応終了後、水洗を4回繰り返してメタンスルホン酸及び過剰の無水マレイン酸を除去し、70℃以下の加熱減圧下においてトルエンと水の共沸により、水を系内から除去した。次いで、メタンスルホン酸2部を加え、加熱還流状態で4時間反応を行った。反応終了後、水洗水が中性になるまで3回水洗を繰り返したのち、70℃以下の加熱減圧下においてトルエンと水の共沸により、水を系内から除去したのち、トルエンを加熱減圧下において完全に留去することにより前記式(10)で表されるマレイミド樹脂(B-2)を得た。得られたマレイミド樹脂(B-2)の軟化点は93℃、酸価は9mgKOH/gであった。GPC分析(RI)により、n=1体は87%であった。
温度計、冷却管、撹拌機を取り付けたフラスコにXD-1000(日本化薬(株)製、軟化点74.8℃、エポキシ当量255g/eq.)を225g、アクリル酸を72.1g、触媒としてトリフェニルホスフィン3g、溶剤としてプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルモノアセテートを固形分含有量80%となるように加え、100℃で24時間反応させ、反応中間体であるエポキシカルボキシレート化合物溶液を得た。
続いて、得られた反応性エポキシカルボキシレート化合物溶液に、多塩基酸無水物として1,2,3,6-テトラヒドロフタル酸無水物(THPA)(商品名:リカシッドTH、新日本理化(株)製)を140g入れ、溶剤として固形分含有量が65%となるようにプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルモノアセテートを加え、100℃で6時間反応させ、反応性ポリカルボン酸化合物(C-2)を得た。得られた反応性ポリカルボン酸化合物(C-2)の固形分酸価(AV:mgKOH/g)は110であった。
<硬化性樹脂組成物及び樹脂フィルムの作製>
下記に示す各成分を表1に示す組成で配合して、実施例1~5の硬化性樹脂組成物を調製した。アプリケータを用いて、60℃に加熱したホットプレート上で、12μmの超低租度電解銅箔(CF-T4X-SV(商品名)、福田金属箔粉工業株式会社製)の上に上記硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布し、オーブンを用いて120℃、30分間の加熱処理を行い、厚さ100μmのBステージ状態の樹脂フィルムを作製した。
その後、得られたBステージ状態の樹脂フィルムにさらに12μmの超低租度電解銅箔(CF-T4X-SV(商品名)、福田金属箔粉工業株式会社製)を、ラミネーターを用いて貼り合わせ、220℃で2時間加温し熱硬化を完了させた。
実施例4については、Bステージ状態の樹脂フィルムに、超高圧水銀灯(ウシオ電機(株)製:USH-500BY1)にて100mJ/cm2(照射強度10mW/cm2、10秒間)露光した後に、12μmの超低租度電解銅箔(CF-T4X-SV(商品名)、福田金属箔粉工業株式会社製)を、ラミネーターを用いて貼り合わせ、220℃で2時間加温し熱硬化を完了させた。
(A-1)式(2)で表されるマレイミド樹脂
合成例1のマレイミド樹脂(A-1)(下記式(20)で表される化合物、25℃で高粘度液体)
合成例2のマレイミド樹脂(A-2)(下記式(21)で表される化合物、25℃で高粘度液体)
(B-1)式(10)で表されるマレイミド樹脂。(式(10)中のRは水素原子)
合成例4のマレイミド樹脂(B-1)
(B-2)式(10)で表されるマレイミド樹脂。(式(10)中のRはエチル基)
合成例6のマレイミド樹脂(B-2)
(C-1)BMI-689(下記式(22)で表される化合物、DESIGNER MOLECURES Inc.製、25℃で液状)
合成例7の化合物(C-2)
(D-1)パークミルD(ジクミルパーオキサイド(日本油脂(株)製)
(D-2)2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール(四国化成(株)製)
(E-1)エタノン,1-[9-エチル-6-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-9H-カルバゾール-3-イル]-,1-(O-アセチルオキシム)(BASFジャパン製、「IRGACURE OXE-02」)
エッチングにより剥離した樹脂フィルムと、2枚の銅箔(CF-T4X-SV(商品名)、福田金属箔粉工業株式会社製)とを、銅箔の鏡面が樹脂フィルムと対面するように積層し、熱プレスにて220℃、1.0MPa、2時間の条件で熱圧着し、銅箔、樹脂フィルムの硬化物、銅箔がこの順に積層されてなる銅箔積層体を得た。
作製した硬化性樹脂組成物及び銅箔積層体について、下記の諸特性を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
目視の相溶性とは、成分(A)~(D)を配合し、攪拌した後の硬化性樹脂組成物を目視で観察した状態を指す。相溶性が良好な場合、析出物等がなく、基材への塗布等が可能であることを指し、相溶性が悪い場合、析出物等があり、基材への塗布等が困難となることを指す。
(評価基準)
○:析出物無し
×:析出物有り
へイズはJIS K7136に準拠して、硬化性樹脂組成物を光路長10mmの角セルに投入し、25℃の条件で色彩・濁度同時測定器(日本電色製、COH400)で硬化性樹脂組成物に光を照射して透過した光線の全量を表す全光線透過率(Tt)と、シートによって拡散された透過した拡散光線透過率(Td)との比によって下記計算式(1)で求めた。前記全光線透過率(Tt)は、入射光と同軸のまま透過した平行光線透過率(Tp)と拡散光線透過率(Td)との和である。
ヘイズ(H)=Td/Tt×100 ・・・(1)
これにより得られた硬化性樹脂組成物のヘイズを、4段階に分けて評価した。
◎:ヘイズが30未満
〇:ヘイズが30以上、かつ50未満
△:ヘイズが50以上、かつ70未満
×:ヘイズが70以上
銅箔積層体の両面の銅箔をエッチングにより除去し、130℃で30分乾燥させた後、樹脂フィルムの硬化物を切断して10cm×5cmの試験片を作製した。得られた試験片について、空洞共振器法誘電率測定装置(株式会社エーイーティー製)にて、10GHzでの比誘電率及び誘電正接を測定した。測定後、試験片を24時間水に浸漬して吸水後、水から取り出して水分を拭き取り、25℃20%の環境に一日放置したのち、再び10GHzでの比誘電率及び誘電正接を測定した。
銅箔積層体の両面の銅箔をエッチングにより除去し、130℃で30分乾燥させた後、樹脂フィルムの硬化物を切断して6cm×5mmの試験片を作製した。得られた試験片について、引っ張り試験機(商品名「RTG-1201」株式会社エー・アンド・デイ製)にて、25℃で5mm/minの速度にて引張弾性率と伸度を測定した。
銅箔積層体の両面の銅箔をエッチングにより除去し、130℃で30分乾燥させた後、樹脂フィルムの硬化物を4mm角に切り取り、測定用のパンに1.0~5.0mg計りとり、空気流量100mL/sec、昇温速度10℃/minの条件で、5%重量減少率(Td5)を測定した。測定装置は、TGA/DSC1(METTLER TOLEDO製)を使用した。
[ガラス転移温度]
銅箔積層体の両面の銅箔をエッチングにより除去し、130℃で30分乾燥させた後、樹脂フィルムの硬化物を切断して5cm×5mmの試験片を作製した。得られた試験片について、動的粘弾性試験機(DMA:商品名「RSA-G2」、TA Instruments製))により測定し、tanδが最大値のときの温度をガラス転移温度として求めた。さらに相溶性の観点からtanδピーク波形を検証し、ピークの数を数えた。
銅箔積層体の両面の銅箔をエッチングにより除去し、130℃で30分乾燥させた後、樹脂フィルムの硬化物を切断して10cm×5cmの試験片を作製した。得られた試験片を24時間水に浸漬して吸水後、水から取り出して水分を拭き取った後、試験片の重量増加率を吸水率とした。
硬化性樹脂組成物を、スクリーン印刷法により25μmの厚さになるようにL/S=100μm/100μmのくし型パターンが形成されたエスパネックスMシリーズ(新日鐵化学製:ベースイミド厚25μm Cu厚18μm)上に塗布し、塗膜を120℃の熱風乾燥器で60分乾燥させた。次いで、アフレックス(Grade:25N NT)(AGC株式会社製)を樹脂面に被せ、220℃で2時間加熱することによって、HAST評価用の試験基板を得た。得られた基板の電極部分をはんだによる配線接続を行い、130℃、85%RHの環境下に置き、100Vの電圧をかけ、抵抗値が1×108Ω以下となるまでの時間を測定した。
実施例4については溶剤乾燥後に、超高圧水銀灯(ウシオ電機(株)製:USH-500BY1)にて100mJ/cm2(照射強度10mW/cm2、10秒間)露光した後に、アフレックス(Grade:25N NT)(AGC株式会社製)を、ラミネーターを用いて貼り合わせ、220℃で2時間加温し熱硬化を完了させた。
○‥100時間以上
△‥20時間より長く100時間未満
×‥20時間以下
なお、本願は、2021年3月30日付で出願された日本国特許出願(特願2021-056835)に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。また、ここに引用されるすべての参照は全体として取り込まれる。
Claims (16)
- 前記成分(A)が下記式(2)で表されるものである、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
(式(2)中、R1はダイマー酸に由来する2価の炭化水素基(a)を示し、R2は、ダイマー酸に由来する2価の炭化水素基(a)以外の2価の有機基(b)を示し、R3は、ダイマー酸に由来する2価の炭化水素基(a)、及びダイマー酸に由来する2価の炭化水素基(a)以外の2価の有機基(b)からなる群から選択されるいずれか1種を示し、R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立に単環式または縮合多環式の脂環構造を有する炭素数6から炭素数40の4価の有機基、単環式の脂環構造を有する有機基が直接または架橋構造を介して相互に連結された炭素数4から炭素数40の4価の有機基、および脂環構造と芳香環を両方有する半脂環構造を有する炭素数4から炭素数40の4価の有機基から選択される1以上の有機基を、R4及びR5の総量を100モル%とした場合5から95モル%含有する。mは1から30の整数であり、nは0から30の整数であり、mが2以上の場合には複数あるR1及びR4はそれぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよく、nが2以上の場合には複数あるR2及びR5はそれぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。) - 成分(A)および成分(B)以外の熱硬化樹脂(C)をさらに含み、成分(A)~(D)が相溶するものである、請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 前記成分(C)が、前記成分(A)および成分(B)以外のマレイミド化合物、シアネートエステル化合物、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、オキセタン樹脂、ベンゾオキサジン化合物、カルボジイミド化合物、及びエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物からなる群より選択される1種以上である、請求項5に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 前記成分(D)が、熱ラジカル重合開始剤、及びイミダゾール化合物から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1~9の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱ラジカル重合開始剤が有機過酸化物である、請求項10に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 硬化性樹脂組成物総量中、前記成分(A)の含有量が30重量%以上95重量%未満、前記成分(B)の含有量が3重量%以上60重量%未満であって、前記成分(A)の含有量が前記成分(B)よりも大きいものである、請求項1~11の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- JIS K7136に準拠して測定した、光路長10mmにおけるヘイズ値が50未満である、請求項1~12の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~13の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物を含む樹脂シート。
- 請求項1~13の何れか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化した硬化物。
- 請求項15に記載の硬化物を、表面保護膜、層間絶縁膜、再配線層の絶縁膜、及びアンダーフィルからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種として備える半導体素子及び半導体基板。
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WO2020203834A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-08 | 日本化薬株式会社 | ビスマレイミド化合物、それを用いた感光性樹脂組成物、その硬化物及び半導体素子 |
WO2021020563A1 (ja) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-02-04 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 樹脂材料及び多層プリント配線板 |
JP2021025053A (ja) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-02-22 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 樹脂材料及び多層プリント配線板 |
Cited By (1)
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WO2024079923A1 (ja) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-04-18 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 樹脂組成物、硬化物、半導体素子およびドライフィルムレジスト |
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JPWO2022210442A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
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