WO2021232784A1 - 一种高耐磨远红外陶瓷抛釉砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高耐磨远红外陶瓷抛釉砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2021232784A1
WO2021232784A1 PCT/CN2020/138630 CN2020138630W WO2021232784A1 WO 2021232784 A1 WO2021232784 A1 WO 2021232784A1 CN 2020138630 W CN2020138630 W CN 2020138630W WO 2021232784 A1 WO2021232784 A1 WO 2021232784A1
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infrared
far
glaze
polished
wear
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PCT/CN2020/138630
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘一军
杨元东
张克林
王贤超
郑贵友
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蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司
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Priority to EP20936867.9A priority Critical patent/EP4155283A1/en
Priority to JP2022570161A priority patent/JP7476356B2/ja
Priority to US17/925,674 priority patent/US20230192569A1/en
Publication of WO2021232784A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021232784A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/522—Multiple coatings, for one of the coatings of which at least one alternative is described
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    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
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    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
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    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
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    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/12—Compositions for glass with special properties for luminescent glass; for fluorescent glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
    • C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
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    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
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    • C04B41/0072—Heat treatment
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
    • C04B41/4535—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension
    • C04B41/4539—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension as a emulsion, dispersion or suspension
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
    • C04B41/4535—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension
    • C04B41/4543—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension by spraying, e.g. by atomising
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2209/00—Compositions specially applicable for the manufacture of vitreous glazes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wear-resistant far-infrared glaze polished ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic tile production.
  • Polished glazed tiles are deeply loved by consumers because of their brilliant colors, rich patterns and bright glazed texture.
  • the current fully polished glaze products cannot have both transparency and wear resistance.
  • High-transmittance fully polished glaze products have good transparency and clear patterns, rich textures but poor wear resistance.
  • High wear-resistant fully polished glaze products have good wear resistance, but Poor transparency The pattern is hazy, the texture is rough, and the flatness is poor after throwing.
  • Ceramic tiles are no longer just used as decorative materials, but are combined with many functional materials to derive many functional tiles.
  • Far-infrared tiles have a lot of positive effects on the human body due to the continuous emission of far-infrared light waves. Functions such as improving blood circulation, activating biomolecular activity, enhancing human immunity, and antibacterial.
  • Some manufacturers have already produced a series of far-infrared antique tiles, and far-infrared polished glazed tiles have not yet been mass-produced.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ceramic polished glazed brick with far-infrared function, high permeability and high wear resistance and a preparation method thereof.
  • this application provides a method for preparing high wear-resistant far-infrared ceramic polished glaze tiles, including: applying far-infrared glaze, inkjet printing, transparent far-infrared polished glaze, and wear-resistant far-infrared glaze sequentially on the green body. Infrared polished glaze, then fired and polished.
  • the combined use of far-infrared surface glaze, transparent far-infrared polished glaze and wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze can make polished glaze tiles have far-infrared functions, high permeability, and high wear resistance.
  • the mineral composition of the far-infrared surface glaze includes: by mass, far-infrared feldspar powder 30%-40%, albite: 10-20%, kaolin 5%-10%, quartz sand 15%-25% %, zirconium silicate 5%-15%, calcined kaolin 5%-10%, alumina 5%-10%.
  • the chemical composition of the far-infrared surface glaze includes: by mass, SiO 2 : 63% to 73%, Al 2 O 3 : 16% to 24%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.5 to 0.7%, TiO 2 :0.25 ⁇ 0.35%, CaO: 0.3 ⁇ 0.6%, MgO: 0.4 ⁇ 1.0%, K 2 O: 3.0 ⁇ 4.0%, Na 2 O: 1.5 ⁇ 2.5%, Rb 2 O: 120 ⁇ 180ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 90 ⁇ 130ppm, ZrO 2 : 3.2 ⁇ 9.6%, Ignition loss: 1.1 ⁇ 1.5%.
  • the mineral composition of the transparent far-infrared polished glaze includes: by mass, far-infrared feldspar powder 25-35%, zinc oxide 8-12%, barium carbonate 5-8%, burnt talc 7-9%, kaolin 8-10%, glass frit 35-45%.
  • the chemical composition of the transparent far-infrared polishing glaze includes: by mass, SiO 2 : 50%-60%, Al 2 O 3 : 6%-8%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.2-0.3%, TiO 2 : 0.25 ⁇ 0.35%, CaO: 5.5 ⁇ 8.5%, MgO: 3.1 ⁇ 4.2%, BaO: 3.5 ⁇ 6.5%, ZnO: 8.0 ⁇ 13.0%, K 2 O: 3.0 ⁇ 4.0%, Na 2 O: 1.0 ⁇ 2.0%, Rb 2 O: 100 to 155 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 70 to 110 ppm, ignition loss: 2.0 to 3.5%.
  • the transparent far-infrared polished glaze is applied by glazing, and the glazing process parameters are as follows: the specific gravity is 1.80-1.85, and the weight is 300-350 g/m 2 .
  • the mineral composition of the wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze includes: by mass, 15-25% far-infrared feldspar powder, 10-15% zinc oxide, 12-16% barium carbonate, 7-9% burnt talc, Kaolin 8-10%, glass frit 35-45%, 150 mesh corundum 4-6%.
  • the chemical composition of the wear-resistant far-infrared polishing glaze includes: by mass, SiO 2 : 40-50%, Al 2 O 3 : 9-11.5%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.2-0.3%, TiO 2 :0.25 ⁇ 0.35%, CaO: 6 ⁇ 8.5%, MgO: 2.5 ⁇ 4.5%, BaO: 9.5 ⁇ 13.0%, ZnO: 10.0 ⁇ 16.0%, K 2 O: 2.0 ⁇ 4.0%, Na 2 O: 0.6 ⁇ 1.0 %, Rb 2 O: 60 ⁇ 110ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 40 ⁇ 80ppm, ignition loss: 3.5 ⁇ 5.0%.
  • the wear-resistant far-infrared polishing glaze is applied in a glaze glazing method, and the glaze glazing process parameters are: a specific gravity of 1.80 to 1.85 and a weight of 350 to 400 g/m 2 .
  • the present application provides a highly wear-resistant far-infrared ceramic polished glaze tile made by any of the above-mentioned preparation methods.
  • the far-infrared normal emissivity of the polished glazed brick can reach 0.89, the abrasion resistance can reach 6000 revolutions (level 4), the mirror finish is high, and the transparency is strong.
  • Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing the surface of the glazed polished tile produced in Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing the surface of the glazed polished tile produced in Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the surface of a glazed polished tile produced in Example 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing the surface of the glazed polished tile produced in Example 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing the surface of the glazed polished tile produced in Example 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing the surface of a glazed polished tile produced in Example 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the surface of a glazed polished tile produced in Example 5.
  • the mineral composition of the far-infrared glaze formulation of an embodiment of the present invention includes: by mass, far-infrared feldspar powder 30%-40%, albite: 10-20%, kaolin 5%-10%, and quartz sand 15% ⁇ 25%, zirconium silicate 5% ⁇ 15%, calcined kaolin 5% ⁇ 10%, alumina 5% ⁇ 10%.
  • Far-infrared feldspar powder refers to a kind of feldspar powder with high far-infrared emissivity, which contains a compound of magnesium-aluminum silicate doped with impurity ions with a highly asymmetric lattice, and the compound has a high far-infrared emissivity.
  • the chemical composition is: SiO 2 : 70-80%, Al 2 O 3 : 10-13%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.3-0.5%, P 2 O 5 : 0.25-0.35 by mass %, CaO: 0.5 ⁇ 1.0%, MgO: 0.8 ⁇ 1.2%, Rb 2 O: 400ppm ⁇ 450ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 280ppm ⁇ 320ppm, K 2 O: 8.0 ⁇ 9.0%, Na 2 O: 2.0 ⁇ 3.0% , Ignition loss: 0.5 ⁇ 1.0%. Its far-infrared emissivity can reach above 0.91. In this field, tourmaline, zirconium dioxide, etc.
  • Far-infrared feldspar powder has good high temperature stability and low radioactivity.
  • the far-infrared feldspar powder is used to provide the far-infrared function, which can provide a higher far-infrared emissivity at a lower cost and is non-radioactive, and will not cause harm to the human body and the environment.
  • the chemical composition of the far-infrared surface glaze according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: SiO 2 : 63% to 73%, Al 2 O 3 : 16% to 24%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.5 to 0.7%, TiO 2 : 0.25 ⁇ 0.35%, CaO: 0.3 ⁇ 0.6%, MgO: 0.4 ⁇ 1.0%, K 2 O: 3.0 ⁇ 4.0%, Na 2 O: 1.5 ⁇ 2.5%, ZrO 2 : 3.2 ⁇ 9.6%, Rb 2 O : 120 ⁇ 180ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 90 ⁇ 130ppm, ignition loss: 1.1 ⁇ 1.5%.
  • MgO ⁇ SiO 2 ⁇ Al 2 O 3 forms a highly asymmetrical lattice of magnesium aluminum silicate compound doped with some impurity ions (such as Fe 3+ , Y 3+ , Mn 2+ , Cu 2+, etc.). Infrared emission function.
  • the expansion coefficient of far-infrared surface glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C can be 8.0816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K ⁇ 8.3816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • the mineral composition of the transparent far-infrared polished glaze includes: by mass, 25-35% far-infrared feldspar powder, Zinc oxide 8-12%, barium carbonate 5-8%, burnt talc 7-9%, kaolin 8-10%, glass frit 35-45%.
  • Glass frit refers to a high-permeability frit whose chemical composition can be: SiO 2 : 64% ⁇ 70%, Al 2 O 3 : 3% ⁇ 6%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.2 ⁇ 0.3%, TiO 2 :0.15 ⁇ 0.25%, CaO: 16% ⁇ 22%, MgO: 1% ⁇ 4%, K 2 O: 2% ⁇ 4%, Na 2 O: 0.5% ⁇ 1.5%, ZnO: 1% ⁇ 4%.
  • the chemical composition of the transparent far-infrared polished glaze in an embodiment of the present invention includes: SiO 2 : 50% to 60%, Al 2 O 3 : 6% to 8%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.2 to 0.3%, by mass, TiO 2 : 0.25 ⁇ 0.35%, CaO: 5.5 ⁇ 8.5%, MgO: 3.1 ⁇ 4.2%, BaO: 3.5 ⁇ 6.5%, ZnO: 8.0 ⁇ 13.0%, K 2 O: 3.0 ⁇ 4.0%, Na 2 O: 1.0 ⁇ 2.0%, Rb 2 O: 100 ⁇ 155ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 70 ⁇ 110ppm, ignition loss: 2.0 ⁇ 3.5%.
  • the above-mentioned transparent far-infrared polishing glaze has relatively low Al 2 O 3 content, high CaO, MgO, ZnO content, and low high-temperature viscosity of the polishing glaze, which can fully discharge the bubbles in the polishing layer, and there is no devitrification agent in the polishing glaze. Exist, so the glaze layer has high permeability.
  • the expansion coefficient of transparent far-infrared polished glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C can be 6.0516 ⁇ 10 -6 /K ⁇ 6.4816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • the mineral composition of the wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze includes: by mass, 15-25% far-infrared feldspar powder, 10-15% zinc oxide, Barium carbonate 12-16%, burnt talc 7-9%, kaolin 8-10%, glass frit 35-45%, 150 mesh corundum 4-6%.
  • the chemical composition of the glass frits may be as described above.
  • the chemical composition of the wear-resistant far-infrared polishing glaze according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: SiO 2 : 40-50%, Al 2 O 3 : 9-11.5%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.2-0.3%, TiO 2 : 0.25 ⁇ 0.35%, CaO: 6 ⁇ 8.5%, MgO: 2.5 ⁇ 4.5%, BaO: 9.5 ⁇ 13.0%, ZnO: 10.0 ⁇ 16.0%, K 2 O: 2.0 ⁇ 4.0%, Na 2 O: 0.6 ⁇ 1.0%, Rb 2 O: 60 to 110 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 40 to 80 ppm, ignition loss: 3.5 to 5.0%.
  • the above-mentioned wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze has a relatively high content of BaO.
  • barium feldspar crystals can be formed under the fluxing action of ZnO and CaO.
  • the hardness and wear resistance of barium feldspar crystals are relatively high.
  • the magnesium aluminum silicate in the infrared feldspar powder will be retained during the reaction.
  • the hardness and wear resistance of these magnesium aluminum silicate crystals are also relatively high.
  • Barium feldspar crystals and magnesium aluminum silicate crystals are combined with a small amount of corundum. It can meet the requirements of improving the hardness and wear resistance of the polished glaze.
  • the expansion coefficient of wear-resistant far-infrared polishing glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C can be 5.9516 ⁇ 10 -6 /K ⁇ 6.1816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • the glazed polished brick according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained by applying far-infrared top glaze, transparent far-infrared polished glaze, and wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze on the green body and then fired.
  • the polished glaze tile is provided from bottom to top: a body, a far-infrared surface glaze, a pattern layer, a transparent far-infrared polished glaze layer, and a wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze layer.
  • the preparation method of the glazed polished tile is illustrated below with reference to FIG. 1.
  • a green body is prepared.
  • the green body can be prepared by a common method in the field, for example, a common ceramic base material is formed by a press. It can be dried after molding.
  • Blank expansion coefficient of 40 °C ⁇ 400 °C may be 7.4816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K ⁇ 7.6816 ⁇ 10 -6 / K .
  • Far-infrared glaze can emit far-infrared, and can cover the base color of the body and promote the color development of the ink.
  • the far-infrared surface glaze can be sprayed or poured.
  • the ball milling ratio when preparing the glaze slurry can be: far-infrared top glaze (dry material) 70.4%-72.4%, sodium tripolyphosphate 0.11-0.16%, sodium methylcellulose 0.14-0.21%, water 28.5-29.5%.
  • the fineness can be 325 mesh sieve residue ⁇ 0.6%.
  • the glaze spraying process parameters can be: the specific gravity is 1.40 ⁇ 1.50, and the weight is 450 ⁇ 650g/m 2 .
  • the use of the glaze spraying process parameters can make the surface glaze not easy to deposit and the uniformity of spraying is high, and it is not easy to produce defects such as dry holes.
  • the thickness of the far-infrared surface glaze layer can be 0.25mm ⁇ 0.30mm.
  • High-transparent far-infrared polished glaze can be applied by glazing.
  • the ball milling ratio when preparing the glaze slurry can be: high transparent far-infrared polished glaze (dry material) 71.5% ⁇ 73.5%, sodium tripolyphosphate 0.14 ⁇ 0.21%, methylcellulose sodium 0.10 ⁇ 0.12%, water 27 ⁇ 29 %.
  • the fineness can be 325 mesh sieve residue ⁇ 0.6%.
  • the process parameters of the glaze can be: the specific gravity is 1.80 ⁇ 1.85, and the weight is 250 ⁇ 300 g/m 2 .
  • the use of the glaze drenching process parameters can make the polished glaze surface uniform and smooth, and can reduce the moisture of the glaze layer and the body.
  • the thickness of the high transparent far-infrared polished glaze layer can be 0.13mm ⁇ 0.16mm.
  • High wear-resistant far-infrared polishing glaze can be applied by glazing.
  • the ball milling ratio when preparing the glaze slurry can be: high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze (dry material) 71.5% ⁇ 73.5%, sodium tripolyphosphate 0.14 ⁇ 0.21%, methylcellulose sodium 0.10 ⁇ 0.12%, water 27 ⁇ 29%.
  • the fineness can be 325 mesh sieve residue ⁇ 0.6%.
  • the process parameters of glaze glaze are 1.80 ⁇ 1.85, and the weight is 350 ⁇ 400 g/m 2 .
  • the use of the glaze drenching process parameters can polish the glaze evenly and smoothly, and can reduce the moisture of the glaze layer and the body.
  • the thickness of the high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze layer can be 0.15mm ⁇ 0.20mm.
  • the highest firing temperature can be 1200-1220°C, and the firing cycle can be 120-150 minutes.
  • elastic abrasive blocks are used for polishing, and the abrasive blocks are arranged in 8 groups of 140 mesh, 6 groups of 240 mesh, 6 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 400 mesh, 4 groups of 600 mesh, 4 groups of 800 mesh, and 4 groups of 1000 mesh. 1500 mesh 4 groups, 2000 mesh 4 groups, 3000 mesh 8 groups. This method can be used for deep polishing to make the glaze smoother after polishing.
  • the combined use of high transparent far-infrared polished glaze and high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze can give the polished glaze tile high permeability and high wear resistance.
  • both the top glaze and the polished glaze contain far-infrared feldspar powder, so it has a strong far-infrared function.
  • the far-infrared surface glaze, high-transparency far-infrared polished glaze and high-abrasion-resistant far-infrared polished glaze of the present invention all contain far-infrared materials, which can obtain stronger far-infrared function. If only one has far-infrared function, its far-infrared emissivity It will be low.
  • the high transparent far-infrared polished glaze and the high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze in the present invention have a low expansion coefficient and a thick glaze layer, which is easy to cause the brick to be arched, which makes the polishing difficult, and the far-infrared glaze has a higher expansion coefficient.
  • the far-infrared glaze has a higher expansion coefficient.
  • it can improve the fluidity of the wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze and make the far-infrared polished glaze more effective.
  • the glaze surface is flatter and facilitates polishing.
  • the barium feldspar in the high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze is easier to crystallize and grow to a certain size.
  • the far infrared normal emissivity of the product reaches above 0.89 and the wear resistance It can reach 6000 revolutions (level 4), with high mirror finish and strong transparency.
  • Far-infrared feldspar powder was purchased from Inner Mongolia Huachen Renewable Resources Technology Co., Ltd., and its chemical composition is: SiO 2 : 75.5%, Al 2 O 3 : 10.5%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.45%, P 2 O 5 : 0.27%, CaO: 0.75%, MgO: 1.03%, Rb 2 O: 430 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 310 ppm, K 2 O: 8.17%, Na 2 O: 2.68%, ignition loss: 0.72%.
  • the raw material formula of the green body is: selected sodalite powder 5%, medium temperature sand 15%, low temperature sodium sand 15%, Bang sand 18%, Shaoguan ball clay 6%, washed ball clay 12%, calcined bauxite 6%, 1% black talc, 18% potash alumina, 4% raw ore mud. Its chemical composition is: SiO 2 : 63.5-65%, Al 2 O 3 : 21-24%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.4-0.7%, TiO 2 : 0.25-0.35%, CaO: 0.25-0.35%, MgO: 0.5 ⁇ 0.80%, K 2 O: 2.0 ⁇ 2.4%, Na 2 O: 2.6 ⁇ 3.0%, ignition loss: 4.5 ⁇ 5.5%.
  • the raw material is formed by a press and dried to obtain a green body.
  • the expansion coefficient of the green body is 7.4816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • Far-infrared top glaze formulation composition far-infrared feldspar powder 35%, albite 13%, kaolin 9%, quartz sand 20%, zirconium silicate 10%, calcined kaolin 8%, alumina 5%.
  • the chemical composition of far-infrared glaze is: SiO 2 : 66.82%, Al 2 O 3 : 18.05%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.5%, TiO 2 : 0.26%, CaO: 0.58%, MgO: 0.5%, K 2 O: 3.23%, Na 2 O: 1.8%, ZrO 2 : 6.4%, Rb 2 O: 150 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 109 ppm, ignition loss: 1.27%.
  • the coefficient of expansion of the far-infrared glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C is 8.1816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • Ball milling ratio 70.91% of far-infrared glaze dry material, 0.16% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.15% of sodium methylcellulose, 28.78% of water. 325 mesh sieve residue ⁇ 0.6%.
  • the far-infrared surface glaze adopts the spraying method, the proportion of glaze is 1.45, and the amount of glaze is 500g/m 2 .
  • the high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze mineral composition is: far-infrared feldspar powder 30%, zinc oxide 10%, barium carbonate 6%, burnt talc 7%, kaolin 9%, glass frit 38%.
  • the chemical composition of high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze is: SiO 2 : 59.38%, Al 2 O 3 : 6.53%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.21%, TiO 2 : 0.26%, CaO: 8.01%, MgO: 3.51%, BaO: 3.84%, ZnO: 10.69%, K 2 O: 3.76%, Na 2 O: 1.1%, Rb 2 O: 129 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 93 ppm, ignition loss: 2.46%.
  • the expansion coefficient of high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C is 6.1516 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • Ball milling ratio 72.0% of high transparent far-infrared polishing glaze dry material, 0.15% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.11% of sodium methylcellulose, and 27.74% of water. 325 mesh sieve residue ⁇ 0.6%.
  • the high transparent far-infrared polishing glaze adopts the glaze method, the proportion of glaze is 1.83, and the amount of glaze is 310g/m 2 .
  • the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.14mm.
  • the high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze mineral composition is: far-infrared feldspar powder 17%, zinc oxide 12%, barium carbonate 14%, burnt talc 7%, kaolin 9%, glass frit 36%, 150 mesh corundum 5%.
  • the chemical composition of high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze is: SiO 2 : 46.36%, Al 2 O 3 : 10.06%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.21%, TiO 2 : 0.27%, CaO: 7.48%, MgO: 3.28%, BaO : 10.88%, ZnO: 12.68%, K 2 O: 2.64%, Na 2 O: 0.75%, Rb 2 O: 73 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 53 ppm, ignition loss: 4.13%.
  • the expansion coefficient of high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C is 6.0816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • Ball milling ratio 72.0% of high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze dry material, 0.15% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.11% of sodium methylcellulose, and 27.74% of water. 325 mesh sieve residue ⁇ 0.6%.
  • the high wear resistance far-infrared polishing adopts the glaze method, the glaze proportion is 1.83, and the glaze amount is 360g/m 2 .
  • the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.18mm.
  • the firing temperature of the furnace is 1220°C, and the firing cycle is 120min.
  • Elastic grinding blocks are used for polishing out of the kiln.
  • the grinding blocks are arranged in 8 groups of 140 mesh, 4 groups of 240 mesh, 4 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 400 mesh, 4 groups of 600 mesh, 4 groups of 800 mesh, 4 groups of 1000 mesh, 1500 There are 4 groups of meshes, 4 groups of 2000 meshes, and 8 groups of 3000 meshes.
  • the surface of the obtained polished glazed brick is shown in Figure 2, where the left picture is the actual photo, and the right picture is the photo of the glaze layer magnified 60 times. It can be seen from the left picture that the reflection of the fluorescent tube is straight, its mirror finish is high, and the transparency is strong. From the right picture, it can be seen that there are fewer bubbles, no large-particle crystals and devitrification components, and the inkjet pattern is clear.
  • the abrasion resistance of glazed polished bricks was tested by a glazed brick abrasion tester (manufacturer: Ningxia Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., model: CYM-8), and its abrasion resistance was 6000 revolutions (level 4). Fourier infrared spectrometer was used to test the far-infrared normal emissivity of the polished glazed tiles, and the far-infrared normal emissivity was 0.892.
  • Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze mineral composition is: far-infrared feldspar powder 25%, zinc oxide 8%, barium carbonate 5%, burnt talc 9%, kaolin 8%, and glass frit 45% .
  • the chemical composition of high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze is: SiO 2 : 59.24%, Al 2 O 3 : 6.11%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.20%, TiO 2 : 0.26%, CaO: 8.38%, MgO: 4.12%, BaO: 3.89%, ZnO: 8.84%, K 2 O: 3.53%, Na 2 O: 1.02%, Rb 2 O: 107 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 77 ppm, ignition loss: 2.11%.
  • the expansion coefficient of high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C is 6.1816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • the surface of the obtained polished glazed brick is shown in Fig. 3, in which the left picture is the actual photo, and the right picture is the photo of the glaze layer magnified 60 times. It can be seen from the left picture that the reflection of the fluorescent tube is straight, its mirror finish is high, and the transparency is strong. From the right picture, it can be seen that there are fewer bubbles, no large-particle crystals and devitrification components, and the inkjet pattern is clear.
  • the abrasion resistance of glazed-glazed tiles was tested by the glazed brick abrasion tester, and its abrasion resistance was 6000 revolutions (level 4). Fourier infrared spectrometer was used to test the far-infrared normal emissivity of the polished glazed tiles, and the far-infrared normal emissivity was 0.891.
  • Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze mineral composition is: far-infrared feldspar powder 27%, zinc oxide 12%, barium carbonate 8%, burnt talc 9%, kaolin 9%, glass frit 35% .
  • the chemical composition of high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze is: SiO 2 : 54.51%, Al 2 O 3 : 6.18%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.21%, TiO 2 : 0.26%, CaO: 7.37%, MgO: 4.06%, BaO: 6.22%, ZnO: 12.61%, K 2 O: 3.44%, Na 2 O: 1.01%, Rb 2 O: 116 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 84 ppm, ignition loss: 2.88%.
  • the expansion coefficient of high-transmittance far-infrared polished glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C is 6.1316 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • the surface of the obtained polished glazed brick is shown in Figure 4, in which the left picture is the actual photo, and the right picture is the photo of the glaze layer magnified 60 times. It can be seen from the left picture that the reflection of the fluorescent tube is straight, its mirror finish is high, and the transparency is strong. From the right picture, it can be seen that there are fewer bubbles, no large-particle crystals and devitrification components, and the inkjet pattern is clear.
  • the abrasion resistance of glazed-glazed bricks obtained through the test of the glazed brick abrasion tester is 6000 revolutions (level 4). Fourier infrared spectrometer was used to test the far-infrared normal emissivity of the polished glazed tiles, and the far-infrared normal emissivity was 0.891.
  • Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze mineral composition is: far-infrared feldspar powder 15%, zinc oxide 15%, barium carbonate 12%, burnt talc 8%, kaolin 9%, glass frit 35 %, 150 mesh corundum 6%.
  • the high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze mineral composition is: far-infrared feldspar powder 15%, zinc oxide 15%, barium carbonate 12%, burnt talc 8%, kaolin 9%, glass frit 35 %, 150 mesh corundum 6%.
  • the chemical composition of high wear-resistant far-infrared polishing glaze is: SiO 2 : 44.77%, Al 2 O 3 : 10.87%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.20%, TiO 2 : 0.26%, CaO: 7.05%, MgO: 3.76%, BaO : 9.52%, ZnO: 15.57%, K 2 O: 2.43%, Na 2 O: 0.69%, Rb 2 O: 64 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 46 ppm, ignition loss: 3.68%.
  • the expansion coefficient of high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C is 6.1816 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • the surface of the obtained polished glazed brick is shown in Figure 5, in which the left picture is the actual photo, and the right picture is the photo of the glaze layer magnified 60 times. It can be seen from the left picture that the reflection of the fluorescent tube is straight, its mirror finish is high, and the transparency is strong. From the right picture, it can be seen that there are fewer bubbles, no large-particle crystals and devitrification components, and the inkjet pattern is clear.
  • the abrasion resistance of the polished glazed brick obtained by the glazed brick abrasion tester is 6000 revolutions (level 4).
  • the far-infrared normal emissivity of the glazed-glazed brick obtained was tested by the Fourier infrared spectrometer test method, and the far-infrared normal emissivity was 0.89.
  • Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the high wear resistance far-infrared polished glaze mineral composition is: far-infrared feldspar powder 19%, zinc oxide 10%, barium carbonate 12%, burnt talc 7%, kaolin 8%, glass frit 40 %, 150 mesh corundum 4%.
  • the high wear resistance far-infrared polished glaze mineral composition is: far-infrared feldspar powder 19%, zinc oxide 10%, barium carbonate 12%, burnt talc 7%, kaolin 8%, glass frit 40 %, 150 mesh corundum 4%.
  • the chemical composition of high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze is: SiO 2 : 50.0%, Al 2 O 3 : 9.0%, Fe 2 O 3 : 0.22%, TiO 2 : 0.27%, CaO: 8.31%, MgO: 3.38%, BaO : 9.52%, ZnO: 10.73%, K 2 O: 2.90%, Na 2 O: 0.82%, Rb 2 O: 82 ppm, Y 2 O 3 : 59 ppm, ignition loss: 3.60%.
  • the expansion coefficient of high wear-resistant far-infrared polished glaze at 40°C ⁇ 400°C is 6.0216 ⁇ 10 -6 /K.
  • the surface of the obtained polished glazed brick is shown in Figure 6, in which the left picture is the actual photo, and the right picture is the photo of the glaze layer magnified 60 times. It can be seen from the left picture that the reflection of the fluorescent tube is straight, its mirror finish is high, and the transparency is strong. From the right picture, it can be seen that there are fewer bubbles, no large-particle crystals and devitrification components, and the inkjet pattern is clear.
  • the abrasion resistance of the glazed polished brick was tested by the method of the glazed brick abrasion tester, and its abrasion resistance was 6000 revolutions (level 4). Fourier infrared spectrometer was used to test the far-infrared normal emissivity of the polished glazed tiles, and the far-infrared normal emissivity was 0.89.

Abstract

一种高耐磨远红外陶瓷抛釉砖及其制备方法，该制备方法包括：在坯体上依次施远红外面釉、喷墨打印、施透明远红外抛釉、施耐磨远红外抛釉，然后烧成、抛光。通过结合使用远红外面釉、透明远红外抛釉和耐磨远红外抛釉，可使抛釉砖兼具远红外功能、高透感、高耐磨性。

Description

一种高耐磨远红外陶瓷抛釉砖及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及耐磨远红外抛釉的陶瓷砖及其制备方法，属于陶瓷砖生产制造技术领域。
 背景技术
抛釉砖产品因其绚丽的色彩、丰富的图案以及高亮的釉面质感深受消费者的喜爱。但是现在的全抛釉产品的透度和耐磨不能兼备，高透全抛釉产品透感好图案清晰，纹理丰富但其耐磨较差，高耐磨全抛釉产品耐磨度好，但是透感差图案朦胧，纹理粗糙，抛后平整度差。近年随着陶瓷技术的发展，陶瓷砖不再仅仅作为装饰材料，而是与很多功能材料相结合，衍生出很多功能瓷砖，远红外瓷砖由于不间断的发射远红外光波，对人体有很多积极的作用比如改善血液循环、激活生物分子活性、增强人体免疫力、抗菌，已经有部分生产企业生产了远红外仿古砖系列，远红外抛釉砖还未见大量生产。
 技术问题
针对上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种兼具远红外功能、高透感、高耐磨性的陶瓷抛釉砖及其制备方法。
 技术解决方案
第一方面，本申请提供一种高耐磨远红外陶瓷抛釉砖的制备方法，包括：在坯体上依次施远红外面釉、喷墨打印、施透明远红外抛釉、施耐磨远红外抛釉，然后烧成、抛光。
根据上述发明，通过结合使用远红外面釉、透明远红外抛釉和耐磨远红外抛釉，可使抛釉砖兼具远红外功能、高透感、高耐磨性。
优选地，所述远红外面釉的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉30%～40%，钠长石：10～20%，高岭土5%～10%，石英砂15%～25%，硅酸锆5%～15%，煅烧高岭土5%～10%，氧化铝5%～10%。
优选地，所述远红外面釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：63%～73%、Al 2O 3：16%～24%、Fe 2O 3：0.5～0.7%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：0.3～0.6%、MgO：0.4～1.0%、K 2O：3.0～4.0%、Na 2O：1.5～2.5%、Rb 2O：120～180ppm、Y 2O 3：90～130ppm、ZrO 2：3.2～9.6%、烧失：1.1～1.5%。
优选地，所述透明远红外抛釉的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉25～35%，氧化锌8～12%，碳酸钡5～8%，烧滑石7～9%，高岭土8～10%，玻璃熔块35～45%。
优选地，所述透明远红外抛釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：50%～60%、Al 2O 3：6%～8%、Fe 2O 3：0.2～0.3%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：5.5～8.5%、MgO：3.1～4.2%、BaO：3.5～6.5%、ZnO：8.0～13.0%、K 2O：3.0～4.0%、Na 2O：1.0～2.0%、Rb 2O：100～155ppm、Y 2O 3：70～110ppm、烧失：2.0～3.5%。
优选地，所述透明远红外抛釉采用淋釉方式施釉，淋釉工艺参数为：比重为1.80～1.85，重量为300～350 g/m 2。
优选地，所述耐磨远红外抛釉的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉15～25%，氧化锌10～15%，碳酸钡12～16%，烧滑石7～9%，高岭土8～10%，玻璃熔块35～45%，150目刚玉4～6%。
优选地，所述耐磨远红外抛釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：40～50%、Al 2O 3：9～11.5%、Fe 2O 3：0.2～0.3%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：6～8.5%、MgO：2.5～4.5%、BaO：9.5～13.0%、ZnO：10.0～16.0%、K 2O：2.0～4.0%、Na 2O：0.6～1.0%、Rb 2O：60～110ppm、Y 2O 3：40～80ppm、烧失：3.5～5.0%。
优选地，所述耐磨远红外抛釉采用淋釉方式施釉，淋釉工艺参数为：比重为1.80～1.85，重量为350～400 g/m 2。
第二方面，本申请提供一种由上述任一制备方法制得的高耐磨远红外陶瓷抛釉砖。
 有益效果
该抛釉砖的远红外法向发射率可达0.89、耐磨度可达6000转（4级），镜面度高、透感强。
 附图说明
图1是本发明一实施方式的工艺流程图。
图2是示出实施例1制得的抛釉砖的表面的图。
图3是示出实施例2制得的抛釉砖的表面的图。
图4是示出实施例3制得的抛釉砖的表面的图。
图5是示出实施例4制得的抛釉砖的表面的图。
图6是示出实施例5制得的抛釉砖的表面的图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
以下通过下述实施方式进一步说明本发明，应理解，下述实施方式仅用于说明本发明，而非限制本发明。以下各百分含量如无特别说明均指质量百分含量。
本发明一实施方式的远红外面釉配方的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉30%～40%，钠长石：10～20%，高岭土5%～10%，石英砂15%～25%，硅酸锆5%～15%，煅烧高岭土5%～10%，氧化铝5%～10%。远红外长石粉是指远红外发射率较高的一种长石粉，其含有掺杂杂质离子晶格高度不对称的镁铝硅酸盐的化合物，该化合物远红外发射率较高。一实施例中，其化学成分为：按质量计，SiO 2：70～80%、Al 2O 3：10～13%、Fe 2O 3：0.3～0.5%、P 2O 5：0.25～0.35%、CaO：0.5～1.0%、MgO：0.8～1.2%、Rb 2O：400ppm～450ppm、Y 2O 3：280ppm～320ppm、K 2O：8.0～9.0%、Na 2O：2.0～3.0%、烧失：0.5～1.0%。其远红外发射率可达到0.91以上。本领域中一般使用电气石、二氧化锆等提供远红外功能，但是电气石是一种羟基硅酸盐化合物，在950度以上就会分解，结构会被破坏，远红外发射率大大降低；二氧化锆分离比较困难，成本比较高，并且放射性比较高。远红外长石粉高温稳定性好，放射性很低。本实施方式中使用远红外长石粉提供远红外功能，能以较低的成本提供较高的远红外发射率且无放射性，不会对人体和环境造成伤害。
本发明一实施方式的远红外面釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：63%～73%、Al 2O 3：16%～24%、Fe 2O 3：0.5～0.7%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：0.3～0.6%、MgO：0.4～1.0%、K 2O：3.0～4.0%、Na 2O：1.5～2.5%、ZrO 2：3.2～9.6%、Rb 2O：120～180ppm、Y 2O 3：90～130ppm、烧失：1.1～1.5%。其中MgO~SiO 2~Al 2O 3形成晶格高度不对称的镁铝硅酸盐的化合物掺杂一些杂质离子（比如Fe 3+、Y 3+、Mn 2+、Cu 2+等）具有远红外线发射功能。
远红外面釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数可为8.0816×10 -6/K～8.3816×10 -6/K。
本发明一实施方式的透明远红外抛釉（或称“高透远红外抛釉”、“高透明远红外抛釉”） 的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉25～35%，氧化锌8～12%，碳酸钡5～8%，烧滑石7～9%，高岭土8～10%，玻璃熔块35～45%。玻璃熔块是指一种高透熔块，其化学组成可为：SiO 2：64%～70%，Al 2O 3：3%～6%，Fe 2O 3：0.2～0.3%、TiO 2：0.15～0.25%、CaO：16%～22 %，MgO：1%～4% ，K 2O：2%～4% ，Na 2O：0.5%～1.5% ，ZnO：1%～4%。
本发明一实施方式的透明远红外抛釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：50%～60%、Al 2O 3：6%～8%、Fe 2O 3：0.2～0.3%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：5.5～8.5%、MgO：3.1～4.2%、BaO：3.5～6.5%、ZnO：8.0～13.0%、K 2O：3.0～4.0%、Na 2O：1.0～2.0%、Rb 2O：100～155ppm、Y 2O 3：70～110ppm、烧失：2.0～3.5%。
上述透明远红外抛釉Al 2O 3含量比较低，CaO，MgO，ZnO含量高，抛釉的高温粘度较小，可以使抛釉层中的气泡充分排出，并且抛釉中没有失透剂的存在，因此釉层透感高。
透明远红外抛釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数可为6.0516×10 -6/K～6.4816×10 -6/K。
本发明一实施方式的耐磨远红外抛釉（或称“高耐磨远红外抛釉”）的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉15～25%，氧化锌10～15%，碳酸钡12～16%，烧滑石7～9%，高岭土8～10%，玻璃熔块35～45%，150目刚玉4～6%。所述玻璃熔块的化学组成可如上所述。
本发明一实施方式的耐磨远红外抛釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：40～50%、Al 2O 3：9～11.5%、Fe 2O 3：0.2～0.3%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：6～8.5%、MgO：2.5～4.5%、BaO：9.5～13.0%、ZnO：10.0～16.0%、K 2O：2.0～4.0%、Na 2O：0.6～1.0%、Rb 2O：60～110ppm、Y 2O 3：40～80ppm、烧失：3.5～5.0%。
上述耐磨远红外抛釉BaO的含量较高，在ZnO和CaO的助熔作用下可生成钡长石晶体，钡长石晶体的硬度和耐磨性能比较高，上述耐磨远红外抛釉中远红外长石粉中的镁铝硅酸盐在反应过程中会被保留下来，这些镁铝硅酸盐晶体的硬度和耐磨性能也比较高，钡长石晶体和镁铝硅酸盐晶体与少量刚玉就可以达到提高抛釉硬度和耐磨的要求。
耐磨远红外抛釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数可为5.9516×10 -6/K～6.1816×10 -6/K。
本发明一实施方式的抛釉砖通过在坯体上施远红外面釉、透明远红外抛釉、耐磨远红外抛釉后烧成而得。优选实施方式中，抛釉砖由下而上具备：坯体、远红外面釉、图案层、透明远红外抛釉层、耐磨远红外抛釉层。以下参照图1示例性说明该抛釉砖的制备方法。
首先，制备坯体。坯体可通过本领域常用方法制备，例如由普通陶瓷基料经压机成型而得。成型后可进行干燥。坯体40℃～400℃的膨胀系数可为7.4816×10 -6/K～7.6816×10 -6/K。
然后，在坯体上施远红外面釉。远红外面釉可以发射远红外线，而且可以遮盖坯体底色，促进墨水发色。远红外面釉可采用喷釉或淋釉方式施釉。制备釉浆时的球磨配比可为：远红外面釉（干料）70.4%～72.4%，三聚磷酸钠0.11～0.16%，甲基纤维素钠0.14～0.21%，水28.5～29.5%。细度可为325目筛余≤0.6%。喷釉工艺参数可为：比重1.40～1.50，重量为450～650g/m 2。采用该喷釉工艺参数可以使面釉不易沉淀并且施喷的均匀度高，不易产生干洞等缺陷。远红外面釉层的厚度可为0.25mm～0.30mm。
接着，在远红外面釉上喷墨打印图案。
然后，施高透明远红外抛釉。高透明远红外抛釉可采用淋釉方式施釉。制备釉浆时的球磨配比可为：高透明远红外抛釉（干料）71.5%～73.5%，三聚磷酸钠0.14～0.21%，甲基纤维素钠0.10～0.12%，水27～29%。细度可为325目筛余≤0.6%。淋釉工艺参数可为：比重1.80～1.85，重量为250～300 g/m 2。采用该淋釉工艺参数可以使抛釉釉面均匀且平整，并且可以降低釉层及坯体的水分。高透明远红外抛釉层的厚度可为0.13mm～0.16mm。
然后施高耐磨远红外抛釉。高耐磨远红外抛釉可采用淋釉方式施釉。制备釉浆时的球磨配比可为：高耐磨远红外抛釉（干料）71.5%～73.5%，三聚磷酸钠0.14～0.21%，甲基纤维素钠0.10～0.12%，水27～29%。细度可为325目筛余≤0.6%。淋釉工艺参数为比重1.80～1.85，重量为350～400 g/m 2。采用该淋釉工艺参数可以抛釉釉面均匀且平整，并且可以降低釉层及坯体的水分。高耐磨远红外抛釉层的厚度可为0.15mm～0.20mm。
然后入窑炉烧成。最高烧成温度可为1200～1220℃，烧成周期可为120～150分钟。
出窑后进行抛光。一实施方式中，采用弹性磨块抛光，磨块排列为140目8组，240目6组，300目6组，400目8组，600目4组，800目4组，1000目4组，1500目4组，2000目4组，3000目8组。采用该方法抛光可以进行深抛，使抛后釉面更平整。
本实施方式中，结合使用高透明远红外抛釉和高耐磨远红外抛釉，可赋予抛釉砖高透感和高耐磨性。而且，面釉和抛釉的配方中均含有远红外长石粉，因此具有较强的远红外功能。本发明中远红外面釉、高透明远红外抛釉和高耐磨远红外抛釉均含有远红外材料，可以获得更强的远红外功能，如果仅有一种具有远红外功能，其远红外发射率会偏低。本发明中的高透明远红外抛釉和高耐磨远红外抛釉膨胀系数偏低且釉层厚，易导致砖形偏拱，使抛光难度较大，远红外面釉膨胀系数较高可以起到调整砖形的作用，而且由于高透明远红外抛釉中铝含量低、钙镁锌等熔剂含量高，可以提高耐磨远红外抛釉烧成过程中的流动性，使远红外抛釉的釉面更平整利于抛光，同时使高耐磨远红外抛釉中的钡长石更容易结晶出来并长大到一定尺寸。
在此提供了一种采用远红外材料通过调整抛釉配方结合生产工艺的技术，实现了抛釉砖的耐磨和远红外功能，抛后产品远红外法向发射率达到0.89以上、耐磨度可达6000转（4级），镜面度高、透感强。
 本发明的实施方式
下面进一步例举实施例以详细说明本发明。同样应理解，以下实施例只用于对本发明进行进一步说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，本领域的技术人员根据本发明的上述内容作出的一些非本质的改进和调整均属于本发明的保护范围。下述示例具体的工艺参数等也仅是合适范围中的一个示例，即本领域技术人员可以通过本文的说明做合适的范围内选择，而并非要限定于下文示例的具体数值。远红外长石粉采购于内蒙古华宸再生资源科技有限公司，其化学成分为：SiO 2：75.5%、Al 2O 3：10.5%、Fe 2O 3：0.45%、P 2O 5：0.27%、CaO：0.75%、MgO：1.03%、Rb 2O：430ppm、Y 2O 3：310ppm、K 2O：8.17%、Na 2O：2.68%、烧失：0.72%。
实施例 1
1、坯体原料配方为：精选钠石粉5%，中温砂15%，低温钠砂15%，邦砂18%，韶关球土6%，水洗球土12%，煅烧铝矾土6%，黑滑石1%，钾铝砂18%，原矿泥4%。其化学组成为：SiO 2：63.5～65%、Al 2O 3：21～24%、Fe 2O 3：0.4～0.7%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：0.25～0.35%、MgO：0.5～0.80%、K 2O：2.0～2.4%、Na 2O：2.6～3.0%、烧失：4.5～5.5%。将原料经压机成型、干燥，得到坯体。坯体的膨胀系数为7.4816×10 -6/K。
2、在坯体上施远红外面釉。远红外面釉配方组成：远红外长石粉35%，钠长石13%，高岭土9%，石英砂20%，硅酸锆10%，煅烧高岭土8%，氧化铝5%。远红外面釉化学组成为：SiO 2：66.82%、Al 2O 3：18.05%、Fe 2O 3：0.5%、TiO 2：0.26%、CaO：0.58%、MgO：0.5%、K 2O：3.23%、Na 2O：1.8%、ZrO 2：6.4%、Rb 2O：150ppm、Y 2O 3：109ppm、烧失：1.27%。远红外面釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数为8.1816×10 -6/K。球磨配比：远红外面釉干料70.91%，三聚磷酸钠0.16%，甲基纤维素钠0.15%，水28.78%。325目筛余≤0.6%。远红外面釉采用喷釉方式，施釉比重1.45，施釉量500g/m 2。
3、在远红外面釉上喷墨图案。
4、淋高透明远红外抛釉。高透远红外抛釉矿物组成为：远红外长石粉30%，氧化锌10%，碳酸钡6%，烧滑石7%，高岭土9%，玻璃熔块38%。高透远红外抛釉化学组成为：SiO 2：59.38%、Al 2O 3：6.53%、Fe 2O 3：0.21%、TiO 2：0.26%、CaO：8.01%、MgO：3.51%、BaO：3.84%、ZnO：10.69%、K 2O：3.76%、Na 2O：1.1%、Rb 2O：129ppm、Y 2O 3：93ppm、烧失：2.46%。高透远红外抛釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数为6.1516×10 -6/K。球磨配比：高透明远红外抛釉干料72.0%，三聚磷酸钠0.15%，甲基纤维素钠0.11%，水27.74%。325目筛余≤0.6%。高透明远红外抛釉采用淋釉方式，施釉比重1.83，施釉量310g/m 2。釉层厚度为0.14mm。
5、淋高耐磨远红外抛釉。高耐磨远红外抛釉矿物组成为：远红外长石粉17%，氧化锌12%，碳酸钡14%，烧滑石7%，高岭土9%，玻璃熔块36%，150目刚玉5%。高耐磨远红外抛釉化学组成为：SiO 2：46.36%、Al 2O 3：10.06%、Fe 2O 3：0.21%、TiO 2：0.27%、CaO：7.48%、MgO：3.28%、BaO：10.88%、ZnO：12.68%、K 2O：2.64%、Na 2O：0.75%、Rb 2O：73ppm、Y 2O 3：53ppm、烧失：4.13%。高耐磨远红外抛釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数为6.0816×10 -6/K。球磨配比：高耐磨远红外抛釉干料72.0%，三聚磷酸钠0.15%，甲基纤维素钠0.11%，水27.74%。325目筛余≤0.6%。高耐磨远红外抛采用淋釉方式，施釉比重1.83，施釉量360g/m 2。釉层厚度为0.18mm。
6、入窑炉烧成，窑炉烧成温度1220℃，烧成周期120min。
7、出窑采用弹性磨块抛光，磨块排列为140目8组，240目4组，300目4组，400目8组，600目4组，800目4组，1000目4组，1500目4组，2000目4组，3000目8组。
所得抛釉砖的表面如图2所示，其中左图为实物照片，右图为釉层放大60倍的照片。从左图可以看出日光灯管倒影平直，其镜面度高、透感强，从右图可以看出气泡较少，无大颗粒晶体和失透成分，喷墨图案清晰。通过有釉砖耐磨试验机（生产厂家：宁夏机械研究院股份有限公司，型号：CYM-8）测试所得抛釉砖的耐磨度，其耐磨度为6000转（4级）。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪测试所得抛釉砖的远红外法向发射率，其远红外法向发射率为0.892。
实施例 2
与实施例1不同之处在于，高透远红外抛釉矿物组成为：远红外长石粉25%，氧化锌8%，碳酸钡5%，烧滑石9%，高岭土8%，玻璃熔块45%。高透远红外抛釉化学组成为：SiO 2：59.24%、Al 2O 3：6.11%、Fe 2O 3：0.20%、TiO 2：0.26%、CaO：8.38%、MgO：4.12%、BaO：3.89%、ZnO：8.84%、K 2O：3.53%、Na 2O：1.02%、Rb 2O：107ppm、Y 2O 3：77ppm、烧失：2.11%。高透远红外抛釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数为6.1816×10 -6/K。
所得抛釉砖的表面如图3所示，其中左图为实物照片，右图为釉层放大60倍的照片。从左图可以看出日光灯管倒影平直，其镜面度高、透感强，从右图可以看出气泡较少，无大颗粒晶体和失透成分，喷墨图案清晰。通过有釉砖耐磨试验机测试所得抛釉砖的耐磨度，其耐磨度为6000转（4级）。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪测试所得抛釉砖的远红外法向发射率，其远红外法向发射率为0.891。
实施例 3
与实施例1不同之处在于，高透远红外抛釉矿物组成为：远红外长石粉27%，氧化锌12%，碳酸钡8%，烧滑石9%，高岭土9%，玻璃熔块35%。高透远红外抛釉化学组成为：SiO 2：54.51%、Al 2O 3：6.18%、Fe 2O 3：0.21%、TiO 2：0.26%、CaO：7.37%、MgO：4.06%、BaO：6.22%、ZnO：12.61%、K 2O：3.44%、Na 2O：1.01%、Rb 2O：116ppm、Y 2O 3：84ppm、烧失：2.88%。高透远红外抛釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数为6.1316×10 -6/K。
所得抛釉砖的表面如图4所示，其中左图为实物照片，右图为釉层放大60倍的照片。从左图可以看出日光灯管倒影平直，其镜面度高、透感强，从右图可以看出气泡较少，无大颗粒晶体和失透成分，喷墨图案清晰。通过有釉砖耐磨试验机测试所得抛釉砖的耐磨度，其耐磨度为6000转（四级）。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪测试所得抛釉砖的远红外法向发射率，其远红外法向发射率为0.891。
实施例 4
与实施例1不同之处在于，高耐磨远红外抛釉矿物组成为：远红外长石粉15%，氧化锌15%，碳酸钡12%，烧滑石8%，高岭土9%，玻璃熔块35%，150目刚玉6%。高耐磨远红外抛釉化学组成为：SiO 2：44.77%、Al 2O 3：10.87%、Fe 2O 3：0.20%、TiO 2：0.26%、CaO：7.05%、MgO：3.76%、BaO：9.52%、ZnO：15.57%、K 2O：2.43%、Na 2O：0.69%、Rb 2O：64ppm、Y 2O 3：46ppm、烧失：3.68%。高耐磨远红外抛釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数为6.1816×10 -6/K。
所得抛釉砖的表面如图5所示，其中左图为实物照片，右图为釉层放大60倍的照片。从左图可以看出日光灯管倒影平直，其镜面度高、透感强，从右图可以看出气泡较少，无大颗粒晶体和失透成分，喷墨图案清晰。通过釉砖耐磨试验机测试所得抛釉砖的耐磨度，其耐磨度为6000转（四级）。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪测试方法测试所得抛釉砖的远红外法向发射率，其远红外法向发射率为0.89。
实施例 5
与实施例1不同之处在于，高耐磨远红外抛釉矿物组成为：远红外长石粉19%，氧化锌10%，碳酸钡12%，烧滑石7%，高岭土8%，玻璃熔块40%，150目刚玉4%。高耐磨远红外抛釉化学组成为：SiO 2：50.0%、Al 2O 3：9.0%、Fe 2O 3：0.22%、TiO 2：0.27%、CaO：8.31%、MgO：3.38%、BaO：9.52%、ZnO：10.73%、K 2O：2.90%、Na 2O：0.82%、Rb 2O：82ppm、Y 2O 3：59ppm、烧失：3.60%。高耐磨远红外抛釉40℃～400℃的膨胀系数为6.0216×10 -6/K。
所得抛釉砖的表面如图6所示，其中左图为实物照片，右图为釉层放大60倍的照片。从左图可以看出日光灯管倒影平直，其镜面度高、透感强，从右图可以看出气泡较少，无大颗粒晶体和失透成分，喷墨图案清晰。通过釉砖耐磨试验机方法测试所得抛釉砖的耐磨度，其耐磨度为6000转（四级）。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪测试所得抛釉砖的远红外法向发射率，其远红外法向发射率为0.89。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高耐磨远红外陶瓷抛釉砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：在坯体上依次施远红外面釉、喷墨打印、施透明远红外抛釉、施耐磨远红外抛釉，然后烧成、抛光。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述远红外面釉的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉30%～40%，钠长石：10～20%，高岭土5%～10%，石英砂15%～25%，硅酸锆5%～15%，煅烧高岭土5%～10%，氧化铝5%～10%。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述远红外面釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：63%～73%、Al 2O 3：16%～24%、Fe 2O 3：0.5～0.7%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：0.3～0.6%、MgO：0.4～1.0%、K 2O：3.0～4.0%、Na 2O：1.5～2.5%、ZrO 2：3.2～9.6%、Rb 2O：120～180ppm、Y 2O 3：90～130ppm、烧失：1.1～1.5%。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述透明远红外抛釉的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉25～35%，氧化锌8～12%，碳酸钡5～8%，烧滑石7～9%，高岭土8～10%，玻璃熔块35～45%。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述透明远红外抛釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：50%～60%、Al 2O 3：6%～8%、Fe 2O 3：0.2～0.3%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：5.5～8.5%、MgO：3.1～4.2%、BaO：3.5～6.5%、ZnO：8.0～13.0%、K 2O：3.0～4.0%、Na 2O：1.0～2.0%、Rb 2O：100～155ppm、Y 2O 3：70～110ppm、烧失：2.0～3.5%。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述透明远红外抛釉采用淋釉方式施釉，淋釉工艺参数为：比重为1.80～1.85，重量为300～350 g/m 2。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述耐磨远红外抛釉的矿物组成包括：按质量计，远红外长石粉15～25%，氧化锌10～15%，碳酸钡12～16%，烧滑石7～9%，高岭土8～10%，玻璃熔块35～45%，150目刚玉4～6%。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述耐磨远红外抛釉的化学组成包括：按质量计，SiO 2：40～50%、Al 2O 3：9～11.5%、Fe 2O 3：0.2～0.3%、TiO 2：0.25～0.35%、CaO：6～8.5%、MgO：2.5～4.5%、BaO：9.5～13.0%、ZnO：10.0～16.0%、K 2O：2.0～4.0%、Na 2O：0.6～1.0%、Rb 2O：60～110ppm、Y 2O 3：40～80ppm、烧失：3.5～5.0%。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述耐磨远红外抛釉采用淋釉方式施釉，淋釉工艺参数为：比重为1.80～1.85，重量为350～400 g/m 2。
  10. 一种由权利要求1至9中任一项所述的制备方法制得的高耐磨远红外陶瓷抛釉砖。
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