WO2021045111A1 - 傾斜車両 - Google Patents

傾斜車両 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021045111A1
WO2021045111A1 PCT/JP2020/033276 JP2020033276W WO2021045111A1 WO 2021045111 A1 WO2021045111 A1 WO 2021045111A1 JP 2020033276 W JP2020033276 W JP 2020033276W WO 2021045111 A1 WO2021045111 A1 WO 2021045111A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inner edge
ball
edge portion
ball stud
neutral position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/033276
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
宏 瀧本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/JP2020/003985 external-priority patent/WO2021044646A1/ja
Application filed by Yamaha Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority to EP20861584.9A priority Critical patent/EP4012206B1/en
Priority to JP2021544004A priority patent/JPWO2021045111A1/ja
Publication of WO2021045111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021045111A1/ja
Priority to US17/684,756 priority patent/US20220204079A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to JP2023204926A priority patent/JP2024009383A/ja
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/16—Arrangement of linkage connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
    • F16C11/0628—Construction or details of the socket member with linings
    • F16C11/0633—Construction or details of the socket member with linings the linings being made of plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
    • B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/005—Ball joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
    • F16C11/0628—Construction or details of the socket member with linings
    • F16C11/0633—Construction or details of the socket member with linings the linings being made of plastics
    • F16C11/0638—Construction or details of the socket member with linings the linings being made of plastics characterised by geometrical details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
    • B60G2200/144—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with two lateral arms forming a parallelogram
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/416—Ball or spherical joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/12—Cycles; Motorcycles
    • B60G2300/122—Trikes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/45—Rolling frame vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D9/00—Steering deflectable wheels not otherwise provided for
    • B62D9/02—Steering deflectable wheels not otherwise provided for combined with means for inwardly inclining vehicle body on bends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/02—Tricycles
    • B62K5/05—Tricycles characterised by a single rear wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/08—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with steering devices acting on two or more wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/10—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with means for inwardly inclining the vehicle body on bends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/20—Land vehicles
    • F16C2326/26—Bicycle steering or suspension

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tilting vehicle, and more particularly to a tilting vehicle having two front wheels to be steered.
  • a tilting vehicle having a vehicle body that tilts to the left when turning to the left and tilts to the right when turning to the right is known.
  • Some such tilting vehicles include, for example, two front wheels that are steered, as disclosed in WO 2019/044471 (Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 2 In an inclined vehicle having two front wheels that are inclined and steered, in order to secure a large steering angle of the two front wheels, for example, a joint as described in International Publication No. 2014/046285 (Patent Document 2). A mechanism has been proposed. For automobiles, for example, joint mechanisms as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-211671 (Patent Document 3) and Jitsukaihei 5-1-2738 (Patent Document 4) have also been proposed.
  • Patent Document 2 proposed as a joint mechanism for an inclined vehicle, a rotation shaft member having a rotation axis in the front-rear direction and a rotation shaft member having a rotation axis in the vertical direction are separately provided. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid interference between these rotating shaft members, so that the joint mechanism itself becomes large. As a result, the periphery of the two front wheels that are tilted and steered tends to increase in size.
  • An object of the present invention is an inclined vehicle having two front wheels that are inclined and steered, and the periphery of the two front wheels is enlarged while increasing the steering angle when the two front wheels are inclined. It is to provide a tilting vehicle that can suppress the above.
  • the inclined vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention has a vehicle body inclined in the left-right direction of the inclined vehicle, two front wheels inclined in the left-right direction together with the vehicle body, and two front wheels steered in the left-right direction.
  • a support mechanism that supports the first member, the second member connected to the first member, and allows the first member and the second member to be relatively displaced as the two front wheels are tilted.
  • a support mechanism including a joint mechanism that connects the first member and the second member so as to allow the first member and the second member to be relatively displaced as the two front wheels are steered. It is a tilted vehicle equipped with.
  • the joint mechanism includes a ball stud having a spherical ball portion and a shaft-shaped first shaft portion, and a metal holder that rotatably holds the ball portion and has an opening through which the ball stud penetrates. It is a ball joint that includes and connects the first member and the second member.
  • the opening has a first inner edge, a second inner edge, a third inner edge, and a fourth inner edge within the inner edge of the opening, and the two front wheels are steered or steered from a steering neutral position and an inclined neutral position.
  • the operating angle of the ball stud When tilted, the operating angle of the ball stud is formed so as to be located outside the outermost shape of the ball portion in a direction perpendicular to the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the tilt neutral position.
  • the third inner edge and the fourth inner edge which change between the inner edge and the second inner edge and are formed so as to be located inward from the outermost shape of the ball, are the first inner edge and the second inner edge, respectively. It is formed so as to be located between the parts.
  • the joint mechanism is arranged so that the operating angle of the ball stud or the rotation angle of the ball stud between the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion corresponds to the steering angle of the two front wheels.
  • the steering angle can be increased when the two front wheels are tilted. Specifically, it is as follows.
  • the operating angle of the ball stud between the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion corresponds to the steering angle of the two front wheels.
  • the operating angle of the ball stud changes between the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion. Since each of the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion is formed so as to be located outside the outermost shape of the ball portion, the operating angle of the ball stud is less likely to be regulated by the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion. Become. As a result, a large operating angle of the ball stud can be secured.
  • the rotation angle of the ball stud corresponds to the steering angle of the two front wheels.
  • the rotation angle of the ball stud is an angle at which the ball stud rotates around the central axis when the ball stud is viewed in the direction in which the central axis extends.
  • the angle of rotation of the ball stud is the angle of rotation around the central axis of the ball stud. Since the ball portion of the ball stud is rotatably supported by the holder, a large rotation angle of the ball stud can be secured. Even when the two front wheels are tilted, a large rotation angle of the ball stud can be secured. Therefore, it is possible to increase the steering angle when the two front wheels are tilted.
  • the joint mechanism is a ball joint
  • the holder rotatably supports the ball portion of the ball stud so that the two front wheels are tilted and steered respectively. Since the relative displacement between the first member and the second member can be tolerated, it is possible to prevent the periphery of the two front wheels from becoming large.
  • the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion formed so as to be located inward from the outermost outer shape of the ball portion are formed between the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion, respectively, the third inner edge portion is formed.
  • the portion and the fourth inner edge function as a stopper in the direction in which the ball stud is pulled out from the holder. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of the ball portion. As a result, it is possible to prevent the periphery of the two front wheels from becoming large.
  • the tilting vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a three-wheeled vehicle further including one rear wheel, or a four-wheeled vehicle further provided with two rear wheels.
  • the tilting vehicle may be a saddle-mounted vehicle.
  • a saddle-riding vehicle is a vehicle in which an occupant straddles the saddle.
  • the tilting vehicle may be a vehicle provided with a sit-in type seat.
  • the tilting vehicle may further include a drive source that propels the vehicle body.
  • the type of the drive source is not limited as long as it is a drive source that applies a driving force to the inclined vehicle.
  • the drive source may be an engine, an electric motor, or an engine and an electric motor.
  • the tilting vehicle may further be equipped with a buffer that buffers the load applied to the two front wheels.
  • the tilting vehicle may include a steering mechanism in which the steering handle is mechanically connected to the two front wheels, or the steering handle may be provided with a steering mechanism in which the steering handle is not mechanically connected to the two front wheels.
  • a steering mechanism in which the steering handle is not mechanically connected to the two front wheels is, for example, a steering mechanism in which a steering actuator steers the two front wheels in response to an operation of the steering handle by an occupant.
  • the vehicle body includes a vehicle body frame.
  • the body frame may be a frame in which a plurality of parts are combined, or a frame in which a plurality of parts are integrally molded.
  • the material of the vehicle body frame may be a metal such as aluminum or iron, a synthetic resin such as CFRP, or a combination thereof.
  • the body frame may have a monocoque structure composed of exterior parts of the tilting vehicle, or may have a semi-monocoque structure in which a part thereof also serves as exterior parts of the tilting vehicle.
  • the vehicle body is inclined to the left or right of the inclined vehicle, for example. For example, the vehicle body tilts to the left when the tilted vehicle turns to the left, and tilts to the right when the tilted vehicle turns to the right.
  • the two front wheels are supported by the vehicle body in a state of being rotatable around an axis extending in the vertical direction of the vehicle body, for example.
  • the axis extending in the vertical direction of the vehicle body does not have to extend in the vertical direction while the vehicle body is upright.
  • the axis extending in the vertical direction of the vehicle body may be inclined in the rear direction of the vehicle body with respect to the vertical direction, for example, in a state where the vehicle body is upright.
  • the upper end of the axis extending in the vertical direction of the vehicle body may be located after the lower end of the axis extending in the vertical direction of the vehicle body in the state where the vehicle body is upright.
  • the two front wheels are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the inclined vehicle, for example.
  • the support mechanism for supporting the two front wheels on the vehicle body includes, for example, a mechanism for tilting the two front wheels together with the vehicle body in the left-right direction of the inclined vehicle.
  • the support mechanism includes, for example, a mechanism for steering the two front wheels in the left-right direction of the tilting vehicle.
  • the support mechanism includes, for example, a suspension device.
  • the suspension device is, for example, an independent suspension system suspension.
  • the first member and the second member may be in a relationship of relative displacement with the inclination of the two front wheels and relative displacement with the steering of the two front wheels.
  • One of the first member and the second member is, for example, a tie rod.
  • the other of the first member and the second member is, for example, a knuckle that swings around the steering axis of the two front wheels, and a pitman arm that swings around the swing axis extending in the vertical direction.
  • the first member and the second member are not limited to the tie rod, the knuckle, and the pitman arm.
  • the support mechanism may include at least one of the first member and the second member. In this case, a plurality of joint mechanisms are provided.
  • the ball stud is made of metal, for example.
  • the ball portion and the first shaft portion are made of metal, for example.
  • the ball portion may have a partially spherical surface.
  • the ball portion is connected to, for example, the first shaft portion.
  • the mode in which the ball portion is connected to the first shaft portion includes, for example, a mode in which the ball portion is integrally formed with the first shaft portion.
  • the first shaft portion has, for example, a function of connecting the first member or the second member and the ball stud.
  • the first shaft portion may include, for example, a bolt portion having a thread on the outer peripheral surface.
  • the first shaft portion may have a hole formed on the outer peripheral surface, for example.
  • the first shaft portion may include, for example, a nut portion provided with a thread groove inside.
  • the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the central axis of the first axis portion may be, for example, circular or polygonal.
  • the central axis of the first shaft portion passes, for example, the center of the ball portion.
  • the center of the ball portion is, for example, the center of a circle which is the outer shape of the ball portion when the ball portion is cut in a plane orthogonal to the central axis of the first axis portion. More specifically, the center of the circle when the diameter of the circle formed on the cut surface of the ball portion is the maximum is the center of the ball portion.
  • the center of the ball portion is the center of the circle forming the outermost shape of the ball portion when viewed in the direction in which the center line of the ball stud extends.
  • the central axis of the first shaft portion does not have to pass through the center of the ball portion.
  • the center of the ball portion may be separated from the central axis of the first shaft portion when viewed in the direction in which the central axis of the first axis portion extends.
  • the center line of the ball stud may, for example, coincide with the center axis of the first shaft portion or may be parallel to the center axis of the first shaft portion.
  • a member made of a material softer than both the ball portion and the holder is arranged.
  • Examples of such a member include a resin member. This reduces friction between the ball and the holder.
  • the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the tilt neutral position passes through, for example, the center of the opening of the holder.
  • the center of the opening of the holder coincides with, for example, the center of the ball portion when viewed in the direction in which the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the tilting neutral position extends.
  • the opening is formed so as to surround the center line of the ball stud, for example, when viewed in the direction in which the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position extends. ..
  • the opening includes, for example, an inner edge formed so as to surround the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the tilt neutral position when viewed in a direction in which the center line of the ball stud extends.
  • the inner edge of the opening includes a first inner edge, a second inner edge, a third inner edge and a fourth inner edge. Each of the first inner edge portion, the second inner edge portion, the third inner edge portion, and the fourth inner edge portion corresponds to, for example, a part of the inner edge portion.
  • Each of the first inner edge portion, the second inner edge portion, the third inner edge portion, and the fourth inner edge portion may be, for example, a curved line, a straight line, or a combination of a curved line and a straight line.
  • the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion are portions of the above inner edges located outside the outermost shape of the ball portion in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the ball studs in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. is there. In other words, the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion are more than the outermost shape of the ball portion in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the ball studs in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position among the above inner edges.
  • the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion may be at the same position or may be at different positions in a direction parallel to the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position.
  • the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion are portions of the above inner edges that are located inward from the outermost shape of the ball portion in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the ball studs in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. is there. In other words, the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion are more than the outermost shape of the ball portion in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the ball studs in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position among the above inner edges.
  • the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion may be at the same position or at different positions in a direction parallel to the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position.
  • the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion are, for example, line-symmetrical with respect to a straight line perpendicular to the center line of the ball stud. Formed to be in a relationship.
  • the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion are, for example, point-symmetrical with respect to the center line of the ball stud. Is formed in.
  • the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion are, for example, line-symmetrical with respect to a straight line perpendicular to the center line of the ball stud. Formed to be in a relationship.
  • the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion are, for example, point-symmetrical with respect to the center line of the ball stud. Is formed in.
  • the first inner edge and the second inner edge are longer than, for example, the third inner edge and the fourth inner edge.
  • the distance between the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion is larger than the diameter of the ball portion.
  • the distance between the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion is smaller than the diameter of the ball portion.
  • the operating angle of the ball stud is the angle at which the ball stud swings with respect to the holder.
  • the operating angle of the ball stud is determined by the shape of the ball stud and the shape of the opening of the holder.
  • the ball stud is supported by the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion formed in the opening of the holder so as not to come off from the holder.
  • the strength of the ball joint in the pulling direction is ensured by the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion.
  • the strength of the ball joint in the pull-out direction is the difficulty with which the ball stud comes off from the holder.
  • increasing the working angle of the ball stud and maintaining the durability of the ball joint are mutual exclusivity events.
  • the size of the operating angle of the ball stud is designed according to, for example, the function required for the inclined vehicle.
  • the rotation angle of the ball stud in the ball joint is the angle at which the ball stud rotates with respect to the holder.
  • the rotation angle of the ball stud at the ball joint does not need to be determined by the shape of the ball stud and the shape of the opening of the holder.
  • the size of the rotation angle of the ball stud in the ball joint is designed according to, for example, a function required for an inclined vehicle.
  • the relationship between the range of the operating angle of the ball stud and the rotation angle is as follows, for example, when the ball stud is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise from the state where the operating angle of the ball stud is the largest, the ball stud It is formed so that the range of the operating angle of is small.
  • the relationship between the operating angle and the angle of rotation of the ball stud is formed so as to be continuously reduced, for example.
  • the relationship between the operating angle and the rotation angle of the ball stud is formed so as to be gradually reduced, for example.
  • the opening is preferably a first inner edge portion and a second inner edge portion in a direction parallel to the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. It is located between the center of the ball portion and the ball side end portion of the first shaft portion, and the ball portion side end portion of the first shaft portion is the first inner edge portion, the second inner edge portion, the third inner edge portion, and the third inner edge portion. It is formed so as to be located between the fourth inner edge portion.
  • the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion function as stoppers in the direction in which the ball stud is pulled out from the holder. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of the ball portion. As a result, it is possible to prevent the periphery of the two front wheels from becoming large.
  • the ball portion side end portion of the first shaft portion includes, for example, the end of the first shaft portion connected to the ball portion.
  • the end of the first shaft portion connected to the ball portion is connected to, for example, the end of the ball portion connected to the first shaft portion.
  • the end of the ball portion connected to the first shaft portion includes, for example, the end of the spherical surface of the ball portion on the first shaft portion side.
  • the opening is preferably the ball stud in a range of ⁇ 25 degrees in which the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion are in the steering neutral position and the tilting neutral position as the starting point. It is formed so as to allow a change in the working angle of the.
  • a large operating angle of the ball stud can be secured. Therefore, for example, when the operating angle of the ball stud corresponds to the steering angle of the two front wheels, the steering angle when the two front wheels are inclined can be increased.
  • ⁇ here, the working angle toward one of the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion is referred to as positive, and the operating angle toward the other is referred to as negative.
  • the operating angle of the ball stud may be limited by the contact of the ball stud with a portion other than the inner edge of the opening.
  • the mode in which the ball stud contacts a portion other than the inner edge of the opening includes, for example, a mode in which the ball stud contacts a stopper.
  • the stopper is provided on, for example, an inclined vehicle. Even if the ball joint is not provided on the inclined vehicle, that is, in the ball joint alone, the ball stud comes into contact with a portion other than the inner edge of the opening, so that the operating angle of the ball stud is limited. Good.
  • the opening is formed with a contact edge with which the ball stud contacts, for example, in a direction parallel to the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the tilt neutral position, at a position different from the inner edge of the opening.
  • the contact edge with which the ball stud contacts may be formed at a position different from the inner edge of the opening in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the ball stud in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. ..
  • the holder has one opening through which the ball stud penetrates and another opening closed by the cap member.
  • the inner edge of one opening includes a first inner edge, a second inner edge, a third inner edge and a fourth inner edge.
  • the other opening is closed by the cap member so that the ball is housed in the holder with the ball stud penetrating the one opening.
  • the mode in which the ball portion is housed in the holder includes, for example, a mode in which the ball portion is held by the holder so as not to come out of the holder.
  • the cap member is made of metal, for example.
  • the other openings have a diameter larger than the diameter of the ball portion so that the ball portion can pass through when the ball joint is assembled.
  • the cap member covers at least a portion of the other opening so that the ball does not pass through the other opening.
  • the cap portion is fixed to the holder.
  • the first inner edge portion and the second inner edge portion of the one opening have an interval larger than the diameter of the ball portion, while the third inner edge portion and the fourth inner edge portion of the one opening portion have a distance larger than the diameter of the ball portion.
  • the cap member is provided in the other opening to prevent the ball portion from being separated from the inside of the holder through the other opening. It is configured in. It is possible to more effectively achieve both the expansion of the steering angle and the securing of strength in both the pull-out direction and the push-in direction.
  • the member is made of, for example, a material softer than the cap member.
  • the periphery of the two front wheels is enlarged while increasing the steering angle when the two front wheels are tilted. It is possible to provide a tilting vehicle that can suppress the above.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a cross-sectional view of the ball joint of the tilting vehicle shown in FIG. 1 and a plan view showing the relationship between the ball portion of the ball stud and the inner edge of the opening in the holder.
  • FIG. 5 shows both the cross-sectional view which shows the conventional ball joint and the cross-sectional view which shows the ball joint provided in the inclined vehicle shown in FIG.
  • the tilting vehicle 5 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • (a) shows a perspective view of the tilting vehicle 5
  • (b) shows a rear view of the tilting link mechanism 53 included in the tilting vehicle 5
  • (c) shows a plan view of the tilting link mechanism 53.
  • (D) shows a perspective view of the ball joint 1 as a joint mechanism included in the tilting vehicle 5.
  • the tilting vehicle 5 includes a vehicle body 54, two front wheels 51F, one rear wheel 51R, and a support mechanism 52.
  • the various directions of the tilting vehicle 5 are the directions seen from the occupants riding on the tilting vehicle 5.
  • the vehicle body 54 is inclined in the left-right direction of the inclined vehicle 5.
  • the two front wheels 51F are tilted in the left-right direction of the tilting vehicle 5 together with the vehicle body 54, and are steered in the left-right direction of the tilting vehicle 5.
  • One rear wheel 51R is supported by the vehicle body 54.
  • One rear wheel 51R tilts in the left-right direction of the tilting vehicle 5 together with the vehicle body 54.
  • the support mechanism 52 includes an inclined link mechanism 53.
  • the tilt link mechanism 53 tilts the vehicle body 54 and the two front wheels 51F in the left-right direction of the lean vehicle 5 when turning. In the tilting vehicle 5, the vehicle body 54 and the two front wheels 51F tilt in the left-right direction of the tilting vehicle 5 when turning.
  • the support mechanism 52 includes a steering handle 551 operated by a rider, a steering link 552, a swing shaft 553, a pitman arm 554, a tie rod 555, and a knuckle 556.
  • the steering handle 551 is swingably supported by the vehicle body 54.
  • the steering handle 551 is connected to the swing shaft 553 via the steering link 552.
  • the swing shaft 553 swings around a swing axis extending in the vertical direction.
  • the pitman arm 554 is supported by the swing shaft 553 so as to swing integrally with the swing shaft 553.
  • the tie rod 555 has a first end connected to the pitman arm 554 and a second end connected to the knuckle 556.
  • the swing of the steering handle 551 by the rider is transmitted to the knuckle 556 via the steering link 552, the swing shaft 553, the pitman arm 554 and the tie rod 555.
  • the knuckle 556 swings around the steering axis.
  • the two front wheels 51F swing around the steering axis. That is, the two front wheels 51F are steered.
  • the tie rod 555 as the first member and the pitman arm 554 as the second member are connected by the ball joint 1 as the joint mechanism. That is, the tie rod 555 is connected to the pitman arm 554 via the ball joint 1.
  • the tie rod 555 as the first member and the knuckle 556 as the second member are connected by the ball joint 1. That is, the tie rod 555 is connected to the knuckle 556 via the ball joint 1.
  • the ball joint 1 connecting the tie rod 555 and the pitman arm 554 allows the tie rod 555 and the pitman arm 554 to be relatively displaced as the two front wheels 51F are tilted, and the two front wheels 51F are steered.
  • the tie rod 555 and the pitman arm 554 are connected so as to allow the tie rod 555 and the pitman arm 554 to be relatively displaced accordingly.
  • the ball joint 1 connecting the tie rod 555 and the knuckle 556 allows the tie rod 555 and the knuckle 556 to be relatively displaced as the two front wheels 51F are tilted, and the two front wheels 51F are steered.
  • the tie rod 555 and the knuckle 556 are connected so as to allow the tie rod 555 and the knuckle 556 to be displaced relative to each other.
  • the ball joint 1 includes a ball stud 3, a holder 2, and a cover 4.
  • FIG. 1 shows a ball joint 1 with the cover 4 removed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the ball joint 1
  • (b) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of the ball joint 1
  • (c) shows a plan view of the ball joint 1. Shows the part.
  • FIG. 2C the relationship between the first inner edge portion 211, the second inner edge portion 212, the third inner edge portion 213 and the fourth inner edge portion 214 of the opening 21, and the ball portion 31 of the ball stud 3.
  • the sliding member 25 is not shown in order to make it easier to understand.
  • the coordinate system of the ball joint 1 defines the horizontal direction and the vertical direction when the opening of the holder 2 is viewed in the direction in which the center line CL of the ball stud 3 in the steering neutral position and the tilt neutral position extends. .. Based on the state in which the second shaft portion 22 provided on the holder 2 is arranged so as to extend to the right. In the direction in which the center line CL of the ball stud 3 in the steering neutral position and the tilt neutral position extends, the direction in which the opening of the holder 2 is open is defined as the forward direction.
  • the various directions in the coordinate system of the ball joint 1 and the various directions in the coordinate system of the tilting vehicle 5 may be the same or different.
  • the two coordinate systems are independent. Note that FIGS. 1 and 2 show the ball studs 3 when the two front wheels 51F are in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position.
  • the ball stud 3 has a spherical ball portion 31 and a shaft-shaped first shaft portion 32.
  • the ball stud 3 is made of metal.
  • the holder 2 rotatably holds the ball portion 31.
  • the holder 2 is made of metal.
  • the holder 2 connects a main body 21 having an opening 210 through which the ball stud 3 penetrates, a shaft-shaped second shaft portion 22 formed so that the axis extends to the right, and the main body 21 and the second shaft portion 22.
  • a connecting portion 23 to be formed and a cap member 24 forming a space for accommodating the ball portion 31 in the main body 21 are included.
  • the cap member 24 is attached to the main body 21 so as to cover other openings of the main body 21.
  • the cap member 24 functions as a stopper in the direction in which the ball stud 3 is pushed into the holder 2.
  • the stopper in the direction in which the ball stud 3 is pulled out from the holder 2 is realized by the third inner edge portion 213 and the fourth inner edge portion 214, which will be described later.
  • a resin sliding member 25 is provided between the main body 21 and the ball portion 31.
  • the resin sliding member 25 is formed so as to fit between the main body 21 and the ball portion 31.
  • the cover 4 is elastically deformed.
  • the cover 4 includes a cover main body 41, a metal core body 42, and a clip 43.
  • the cover body 41 is made of an elastically deformable material.
  • the metal core body 42 is integrally formed with the cover body 41.
  • the first shaft portion 32 of the ball stud 3 penetrates the metal core body 42.
  • the cover 4 deforms when the ball joint 1 operates.
  • the opening 210 has at least a first inner edge portion 211, a second inner edge portion 212, a third inner edge portion 213, and a fourth inner edge portion 214.
  • the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212 are formed so as to be located outside the outermost shape of the ball portion 31 in the direction perpendicular to the center line CL of the ball stud 3 in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. Will be done.
  • the third inner edge portion 213 and the fourth inner edge portion 214 are formed so as to be located inward from the outermost shape of the ball portion 31 in the direction perpendicular to the center line CL of the ball stud 3 in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. Will be done.
  • the third inner edge portion 211 and the fourth inner edge portion 214 are formed between the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212, respectively.
  • the opening 210 is formed so that the operating angle ⁇ w of the ball stud 3 changes between the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212 when the two front wheels 51F are steered from the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. Will be done. That is, in the inclined vehicle 5, the ball joint 1 is arranged so that the operating angle ⁇ w of the ball stud 3 between the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212 corresponds to the steering angles of the two front wheels 51F. ..
  • the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212 are the center 31C of the ball portion 31 and the first shaft portion in a direction parallel to the center line CL of the ball stud 3 in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. It is formed so as to be located between the ball side end portion 321 of 32.
  • the ball portion side end portion 321 of the first shaft portion 32 is the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion in a direction parallel to the center line CL of the ball stud 3 in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. It is formed so as to be located between 212 and the third inner edge portion 213 and the fourth inner edge portion 214.
  • the opening 210 is formed so that the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212 allow a change in the operating angle ⁇ w of the ball stud 3 within a range of ⁇ 25 degrees starting from the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. Will be done.
  • the ball joint 1 is arranged so that the operating angle ⁇ w of the ball stud 3 between the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212 corresponds to the steering angles of the two front wheels 51F. Therefore, it is possible to increase the steering angle when the two front wheels 51F are tilted.
  • the operating angle ⁇ w of the ball stud 3 changes between the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212. Since each of the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212 is formed so as to be located outside the outermost shape of the ball portion 31, the operating angle ⁇ w of the ball stud 3 is the first inner edge portion 211 or the second inner edge portion 211. The inner edge 212 makes it difficult to regulate. As a result, a large operating angle ⁇ w of the ball stud 3 can be secured.
  • the joint mechanism is the ball joint 1, and the holder 2 rotatably supports the ball portion 31 of the ball stud 3, so that the two front wheels 51F are steered when tilted. Since the relative displacement between the tie rod 555 and the pitman arm 554 and the knuckle 556 can be tolerated in each of these cases, it is possible to prevent the periphery of the two front wheels 51F from becoming large.
  • the third inner edge portion 213 and the fourth inner edge portion 214 formed so as to be located inward from the outermost shape of the ball portion 31 are formed between the first inner edge portion 211 and the second inner edge portion 212, respectively.
  • the third inner edge portion 213 and the fourth inner edge portion 214 function as stoppers in the direction in which the ball stud 3 is pulled out from the holder 2. Therefore, it is possible to avoid increasing the size of the ball portion 31. As a result, it is possible to prevent the periphery of the two front wheels 51F from becoming large.
  • the ball stud 3 is hard to come off from the holder 2.
  • the ball joint 1 is used as a joint mechanism for connecting the tie rod 555 and the pitman arm 554 or the knuckle 556, the two front wheels 51F are steered. This is because when a disturbance is applied to the front wheel 51F or the steering handle 551 in this state, a predetermined pull-out strength is required at the joint portion between the tie rod 555 and the pitman arm 555 or the tie rod 555 and the knuckle 556.
  • the inclined vehicle 5 When the inclined vehicle 5 is provided with a steering mechanism in which the steering handle 551 is not mechanically connected to the two front wheels 51F, that is, when the steering actuator steers the two front wheels 51F in response to the operation of the steering handle 551. Even if there is, when the steering actuator tries to maintain the steering angle against the disturbance input to the two front wheels 51F, the ball joint 1 is required to have a predetermined pull-out strength.
  • FIG. 3A shows a ball joint 1.
  • (B) and (c) of FIG. 3 show ball joints 100 and 101 having a structure according to a comparative example.
  • the left half of the ball joints 100 and 101 show the cross section at a position different from the right half.
  • the left half of the ball joints 100 and 101 shows a cross section at a position shifted by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction around the central axis of the ball studs 300 and 301 as compared with the right half.
  • FIGS. 3B and 3C the case where the ball joints 100 and 101 shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C are used for a tilting vehicle will be described, but this will be described in FIGS. 3B and 3C.
  • the opening 210A of the main body of the holder 200 has two inner edge portions 21A and two inner edge portions 21B. There are two inner edges 21B between the two inner edges 21A. In other words, the inner edge portions 21A and the inner edge portions 21B are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the opening 210A.
  • the inner edge portion 21C is formed over the entire circumference of the opening 210B of the main body of the holder 201. Both the inner edge portion 21A and the inner edge portion 12B are formed so as to be located inward from the outermost shape of the ball portion 310 in the direction perpendicular to the center line CL1 of the ball stud 300 in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position. ing.
  • the inner edge portion 21B is located inward of the outermost shape of the ball portion 310 in a direction perpendicular to the center line CL1 of the ball stud 300 in the steering neutral position and the inclined neutral position with respect to the inner edge portion 21A. That is, the inner edge portion 21A and the inner edge portion 21B each function as stoppers in the direction in which the ball stud 300 is pulled out from the holder 200. Therefore, the ball stud 300 is assembled by being inserted upward in the drawing with respect to the main body of the holder 200. Further, the cap member 240 included in the ball joint 100 is attached to the main body of the holder 200 so as to cover other openings of the main body of the holder 200 after the ball stud 300 is assembled to the main body of the holder 200. The cap member 240 functions as a stopper in the direction in which the ball stud 300 is pushed into the holder 200.
  • the steering is neutral. It is formed so as to be located inward of the outermost shape of the ball portion 310 in the direction perpendicular to the center line CL1 of the ball stud 300 which is in the position and the inclined neutral position. Therefore, the operating angle of the ball stud 300 is smaller than that of the ball joint 1. That is, even if the ball joint 100 is adopted for an inclined vehicle, it is difficult to increase the steering angle when the two front wheels are inclined.
  • 3 and 300 are shown by virtual lines, when the ball joints 1 and 100 are actually used, the working angles of the ball studs 3 and 300 are limited until the working angles of the ball studs 3 and 300 are maximized.
  • a stopper is provided. However, even when such a stopper is provided, the operating angle of the ball stud 3 in the ball joint 1 is still larger than the operating angle of the ball stud 300 in the ball joint 100.
  • the cap member 242 functions as a stopper in the direction of pushing the ball stud 301 into the holder 201, but the ball stud 301 is inserted into the holder 201 in the downward direction in the drawing. Since the ball stud 301 is assembled with, the strength in the direction of pulling out the ball stud 301 from the holder 201 is insufficient. In short, in the ball joint 101, when the ball stud 301 is assembled to the holder 201, the ball stud 301 passes through the opening 210B of the holder 201, so that the strength in the direction of pulling out the ball stud 301 from the holder 201 is insufficient. .. Therefore, it is difficult to adopt the ball joint 100 for an inclined vehicle.
  • the ball joint 1 has a ball joint 1 so that the rotation angle ⁇ r of the ball stud 3 corresponds to the steering angle of the two front wheels 51F (not shown in FIG. 4) as compared with the support mechanism 52. Be placed.
  • the rotation angle ⁇ r of the ball stud 3 is the rotation angle around the central axis CL of the ball stud 3. Even in such an embodiment, the steering angle can be increased when the two front wheels 51F are tilted.
  • the ball portion 31 of the ball stud 3 is rotatably supported by the holder 2, so that the ball stud 3 is at the center thereof. It rotates around the axis CL, and as a result, a large rotation angle ⁇ r of the ball stud 3 can be secured. Even when the two front wheels 51F are tilted, the rotation angle ⁇ r of the ball stud 3 can be largely secured. Therefore, it is possible to increase the steering angle when the two front wheels 51F are tilted.
  • Ball joint 2 Holder 3: Ball stud 5: Tilt vehicle 21: Main body 31: Ball part 32: First shaft part 51F: Two front wheels 52: Support mechanism 54: Body 210: Opening 211: First inner edge part 212: 2nd inner edge 213: 3rd inner edge 214: 4th inner edge 554: Pitman arm 555: Tie rod 556: Knuckle ⁇ r: Rotation angle ⁇ w: Operating angle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
PCT/JP2020/033276 2019-09-02 2020-09-02 傾斜車両 Ceased WO2021045111A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (4)

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EP20861584.9A EP4012206B1 (en) 2019-09-02 2020-09-02 Leaning vehicle
JP2021544004A JPWO2021045111A1 (https=) 2019-09-02 2020-09-02
US17/684,756 US20220204079A1 (en) 2019-09-02 2022-03-02 Leaning vehicle
JP2023204926A JP2024009383A (ja) 2019-09-02 2023-12-04 傾斜車両

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JP2019159312 2019-09-02
JP2019-159312 2019-09-02
JPPCT/JP2020/003985 2020-02-03
PCT/JP2020/003985 WO2021044646A1 (ja) 2019-09-02 2020-02-03 ボールジョイント及びリーン車両

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US11912098B2 (en) * 2021-11-16 2024-02-27 Segway Technology Co., Ltd. Rear suspension system of an all-terrain vehicle and all-terrain vehicle
CN114834579A (zh) * 2022-06-22 2022-08-02 浙江欧凯车业有限公司 一种转向拉杆组件、悬架及车辆

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JPH03178710A (ja) * 1989-12-05 1991-08-02 Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd ボールジョイントハウジングの製造方法
JPH0512738U (ja) 1991-07-31 1993-02-19 武蔵精密工業株式会社 ボールジヨイントのハウジング
JP2002337779A (ja) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-27 Abanteku:Kk 三輪車
JP2009079652A (ja) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-16 Minebea Co Ltd 樹脂ライナ付き球面すべり軸受およびロッドエンド軸受
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WO2019044471A1 (ja) 2017-09-04 2019-03-07 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 傾斜車両

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JPWO2021045111A1 (https=) 2021-03-11
EP4012206A4 (en) 2022-10-05
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JP2024009383A (ja) 2024-01-19
EP4012206B1 (en) 2024-11-06

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