WO2020237772A1 - Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法 - Google Patents

Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2020237772A1
WO2020237772A1 PCT/CN2019/094227 CN2019094227W WO2020237772A1 WO 2020237772 A1 WO2020237772 A1 WO 2020237772A1 CN 2019094227 W CN2019094227 W CN 2019094227W WO 2020237772 A1 WO2020237772 A1 WO 2020237772A1
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preparation
halide
titanium
ziegler
magnesium
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PCT/CN2019/094227
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English (en)
French (fr)
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焦洪桥
李化毅
邵俊杰
袁炜
胡友良
黄河
李倩
王林
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国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司
中国科学院化学研究所
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Priority to EP19897535.1A priority Critical patent/EP3770183A4/en
Priority to KR1020207020775A priority patent/KR102431522B1/ko
Priority to US16/961,387 priority patent/US20210403614A1/en
Priority to JP2020526300A priority patent/JP6934112B2/ja
Publication of WO2020237772A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020237772A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/643Component covered by group C08F4/64 with a metal or compound covered by group C08F4/44 other than an organo-aluminium compound
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F110/00Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F110/04Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
    • C08F110/06Propene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/647Catalysts containing a specific non-metal or metal-free compound
    • C08F4/649Catalysts containing a specific non-metal or metal-free compound organic
    • C08F4/6498Catalysts containing a specific non-metal or metal-free compound organic containing another heteroatom
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/65Pretreating the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/64 before the final contacting with the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/44
    • C08F4/651Pretreating with non-metals or metal-free compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/65Pretreating the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/64 before the final contacting with the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/44
    • C08F4/652Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds
    • C08F4/654Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds with magnesium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/6543Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds with magnesium or compounds thereof halides of magnesium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/10Polymerisation reactions involving at least dual use catalysts, e.g. for both oligomerisation and polymerisation
    • B01J2231/12Olefin polymerisation or copolymerisation
    • B01J2231/122Cationic (co)polymerisation, e.g. single-site or Ziegler-Natta type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of catalyst preparation, in particular to an industrial preparation method of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
  • CN102212153A discloses a solid component of a maleic acid diester-containing olefin polymerization catalyst and a preparation method thereof
  • CN102212154A discloses a solid component of an olefin polymerization catalyst and a preparation method thereof, and specifically discloses -Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diester compound or 1-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid diester compound as internal electron donor catalyst component preparation method
  • CN102432705A discloses olefin polymerization catalyst solid component and the same
  • the preparation method specifically discloses the preparation method of the catalyst component with hydrogenated fluorene diether as the internal electron donor
  • CN108264589A discloses a polypropylene catalyst component and its preparation method, polypropylene catalyst, and specifically discloses the use of 2, 2'
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of long preparation cycle and low efficiency in the prior art, and to provide an industrial preparation method of Ziegler-Natta catalyst, which has the advantages of short cycle and high efficiency.
  • the present invention provides an industrial preparation method of Ziegler-Natta catalyst, wherein the method includes the following steps:
  • step (2) The step of subjecting the product containing the magnesium halide alkoxide obtained in step (1) to the first cooling to obtain a cooled product containing the magnesium halide alkoxide;
  • the method further comprises: subjecting the titanium halide to a first heating to obtain a heated titanium halide, and contacting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the step (5) with the heated titanium halide for a third time Reaction steps.
  • the method further includes the step of washing the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
  • the method further includes the step of sieving the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
  • the method further includes the step of packaging the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
  • the method further includes: the second heating of the solvent to obtain the heated solvent, and the heated solvent is used to wash the Ziegler-Natta catalyst in step (5); the solvent is a Alkane, hexane or heptane.
  • the steps are performed under the protection of inert gas.
  • the water content of each raw material is less than 10 ppm.
  • the general formula of the magnesium halide is MgR 1 R 2 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different halogens.
  • the magnesium halide is magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide or magnesium iodide.
  • the alcohols are one or more of monohydric alcohols or polyhydric alcohols.
  • the first electron donor and the second electron donor are each a phenol, ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, organic or inorganic acid ester, ether, ether ester, and alkylsiloxane compound One or more of.
  • the first electron donor and the second electron donor are the same.
  • the inert solvent is one or more of alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and their substitutes.
  • the molar ratio of the magnesium halide, alcohols and the first electron donor is 1:10:0.1-10:1:5, more preferably 1:5:0.1-5:1 : 3;
  • the volume ratio of the alcohols to the inert solvent is 1:10-10:1, more preferably 1:5-5:1.
  • the temperature T 1 of the first contact reaction is 50° C. to 180° C., more preferably 80° C. to 150° C., and the time t 1 of the first contact reaction is 0.5 h to 5 h, more preferably 1 h to 3h.
  • the temperature T 2 of the first cooling is -50°C to 10°C, more preferably -30°C to 0°C.
  • the temperature T 3 of the second cooling is -50°C to 10°C, more preferably -30°C to 0°C.
  • the titanium halide is titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabromide or titanium tetraiodide.
  • the volume ratio of the cooled titanium halide to the cooled product containing magnesium halide alkoxide is 10:1 to 1:2, more preferably 5:1 to 1:1
  • the molar ratio of the second electron donor to the magnesium halide alcoholate is 1:20-1:1, more preferably 1:10-1:2.
  • the reaction temperature of the second contacting T 4 at 50 °C ⁇ 200 °C, more preferably 80 °C ⁇ 160 °C, the second time t 2 of the contact reaction 0.5h ⁇ 10h, more preferably 1h ⁇ 5h.
  • the temperature T 5 of the first heating is 50°C to 200°C, more preferably 80°C to 160°C.
  • the reaction temperature of the third contact and T 6 is 50 °C ⁇ 200 °C, more preferably 80 °C ⁇ 160 °C, the third contact reaction time t 3 of 0.5h ⁇ 10h, more preferably 1h ⁇ 5h.
  • the temperature T 7 of the second heating is 30°C to 65°C, preferably 40°C to 60°C.
  • the present invention heats the raw materials to the operating temperature in advance, thereby effectively reducing the waiting time for rising and cooling; at the same time, the catalyst filtering process is completed in a separate catalyst filter, which improves
  • the utilization rate of the catalyst loading reactor is used in the industrial preparation of catalysts, and has the advantages of short production cycle and high production efficiency.
  • the present invention provides an industrial preparation method of Ziegler-Natta catalyst, which includes the following steps:
  • step (2) The step of subjecting the product containing the magnesium halide alkoxide obtained in step (1) to the first cooling to obtain a cooled product containing the magnesium halide alkoxide;
  • the invention effectively reduces the waiting time for raising and lowering the temperature by exchanging the raw materials to the operating temperature in advance; at the same time, the catalyst filtering process is completed in a separate catalyst filter, which improves the utilization rate of the catalyst loading tank, thereby shortening the production cycle ,Increase productivity.
  • the product containing the magnesium halide alcoholate obtained in step (1) can be exported to a separate storage tank for the next cooling step.
  • the cooling step of step (3) for the titanium halide is performed.
  • the production cycle of the catalyst is further shortened by leading out the reaction materials for cooling separately and simultaneously cooling the materials to be reacted.
  • the reaction device in step (4) is not particularly limited, and can be various catalyst production equipment commonly used in the field.
  • a catalyst loading kettle is used to prepare Ziegler-Natta catalyst .
  • the method further includes: first heating the titanium halide to obtain the heated titanium halide, and contacting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the step (5) with the heated titanium halide for the third time Reaction steps.
  • first heating the titanium halide to obtain the heated titanium halide
  • contacting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the step (5) with the heated titanium halide for the third time Reaction steps Through such steps, the production cycle can be further shortened and the performance of the prepared Ziegler-Natta catalyst can be ensured.
  • the method further includes the step of washing the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
  • the prepared Ziegler-Natta catalyst can be washed with solvents such as pentane, hexane, and heptane.
  • the number of washings is not particularly limited, and can be 2-8 times, and can also be adjusted appropriately as needed.
  • the above steps may also include the step of drying the washed Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
  • the above-mentioned drying method is not particularly limited, and it can be carried out in a drying kettle. Specifically, for example, the washed solid catalyst particles can be transported to the drying kettle and dried in a vacuum.
  • the drying temperature can be, for example, 50°C to 200°C, and preferably 60°C to 90°C.
  • the method further includes the step of sieving the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
  • the prepared Ziegler-Natta catalyst can be classified and screened by a screening device.
  • the above-mentioned screening device may be, for example, one or a combination of a vibrating screen, a fixed screen, a roller screen, a cylindrical screen, and an arc screen, and a vibrating screen is selected in the specific mode of the present invention.
  • the method further includes the step of packaging the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
  • the selected qualified products can be introduced into the catalyst mixing tank, and the multi-pot catalyst can be directly packaged after being blended or evenly mixed with white oil for packaging.
  • the steps are performed under the protection of inert gas.
  • the water content of each raw material is less than 10 ppm.
  • the molar ratio of the magnesium halide, the alcohol and the first electron donor is 1:10:0.1 to 10:1:5, and the alcohol is The volume ratio of the inert solvent is 1:10-10:1; more preferably, in step (1), the molar ratio of the magnesium halide, alcohols and the first electron donor is 1:5:0.1-5:1 : 3; The volume ratio of the alcohols to the inert solvent is 1:5 to 5:1.
  • the temperature T 1 of the first contact reaction is 50° C. to 180° C., and the time t 1 of the first contact reaction is 0.5 h to 5 h; more preferably, the first contact reaction
  • the temperature T 1 of a contact reaction is 80° C. to 150° C., and the time t 1 of the first contact reaction is 1 h to 3 h.
  • the general formula of the magnesium halide is MgR 1 R 2 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different halogens.
  • the above-mentioned magnesium halide includes, but is not limited to, magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, magnesium iodide, etc., and the magnesium halide may be a mixture of one or more of the above-mentioned compounds having the general formula MgR 1 R 2 ; more preferably, the magnesium halide It is magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide or magnesium iodide, and magnesium chloride is selected in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • the alcohol is a monohydric alcohol, a polyhydric alcohol or a mixture thereof.
  • monohydric alcohol which can be methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, pentanol, isoamyl alcohol, neopentyl alcohol, hexanol, isohexanol, Neohexanol, heptanol, isoheptanol, neoheptanol, octanol, isooctyl alcohol, neooctanol, nonanol or isononanol, further preferably, the monohydric alcohol is ethanol, tert-butanol, heptanol Or isooctyl alcohol, more preferably, the monohydric alcohol is isooctyl alcohol, more preferably, the monohydric alcohol is isooctyl
  • the first electron donor and the second electron donor are each phenol, ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, organic or inorganic acid ester, monoether, diether One or more of ether esters and alkylsiloxane compounds; more preferably, the electron donor is a polycarboxylic acid ester or a diether.
  • the first electron donor and the second electron donor are the same.
  • the polycarboxylic acid ester is an aromatic polycarboxylic acid ester, and more preferably, the polycarboxylic acid ester is an aromatic polycarboxylic acid monoester or diester.
  • aromatic carboxylic acid diesters are not particularly limited.
  • they may be phthalic acid diesters or p-benzoic acid diesters.
  • the phthalic acid diesters may be dimethyl phthalate or phthalic acid diester.
  • diethers there is no particular limitation on the above-mentioned diethers.
  • it can be alkyl diethers, including: dimethyl ether, ethylene diether, methyl ethylene diether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, 2,2-diisobutyl -1,3-dimethoxypropane, etc.
  • aryl diethers include: xylene ether, ethyl phenylene diether, n-propylene phenylene diether, cumene diether, n-butyl phenylene diether, isobutyl Benzene diether, triphenyl diether, 9,9 bis (methoxymethyl) fluorene, 2-methoxymethyl benzofuran or bisphenol diether, etc.
  • alkylsiloxanes there are no particular restrictions on the above-mentioned alkylsiloxanes.
  • the inert solvent is one or more of alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and their substitutes.
  • alkanes for example, n-hexane, isohexane, neohexane, cyclohexane, n-heptane, isoheptane, neoheptane, cycloheptane, n-octane, isooctane, neo Octane, cyclooctane, n-nonane, isononane, neononane, cyclononane, n-decane, isodecane, neodecane or cyclodecane, etc.;
  • the above aromatic hydrocarbons can be benzene, toluene, xylene , Chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, etc.; preferably, the alkane is n-hexane, n-heptane, n-o
  • the first cooling temperature T 2 is -50°C to 10°C; more preferably, the first cooling temperature T 2 is -30°C to 0°C.
  • the second temperature T 3 is cooled -50 °C ⁇ 10 °C; more preferably, the second temperature T 3 is cooled -30 °C ⁇ 0 °C.
  • l can be 0, 1, 2 or 3
  • K can be 1, 2, 3, or 4
  • the titanium halide can be titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabromide, titanium tetraiodide, or methoxytrichloride.
  • Titanium chloride ethoxy titanium trichloride, propoxy titanium trichloride, n-butoxy titanium trichloride, dimethoxy titanium dichloride, diethoxy titanium dichloride, dipropoxy
  • the titanium halide is titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabromide or titanium tetraiodide, and titanium tetrachloride is selected in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • the volume ratio of the cooled titanium halide to the cooled product containing magnesium halide alkoxide is 10:1 to 1:2;
  • the molar ratio of the second electron donor to the magnesium halide alkoxide is 1:20 to 1:1; more preferably, the volume ratio of the cooled titanium halide to the cooled product containing the magnesium halide alkoxide is 5 :1:1:1; the molar ratio of the second electron donor to the magnesium halide alcoholate is 1:10 to 1:2.
  • the method of adding the reaction materials in the above step (4) is not particularly limited, and it can be added at the same time or each reaction material can be added sequentially.
  • the time for adding the magnesium halide alcoholate after cooling is limited.
  • the time for adding the magnesium halide alcoholate after cooling is 0.2h-5h More preferably, the time for adding the magnesium halide alcoholate after cooling is 0.5h-2h.
  • the temperature is preferably, the contact reaction of the second T 4 at 50 °C ⁇ 200 °C, the second time t 2 of the contact reaction 0.5h ⁇ 10h; More preferably, the first The temperature T 4 of the second contact reaction is 80° C. to 160° C., and the time t 2 of the second contact reaction is 1 h to 5 hours.
  • the reaction temperature of the third contact and T 6 is 50 °C ⁇ 200 °C, said third time t 3 of the contact reaction is 0.5h ⁇ 10h; More preferably, the first The temperature T 6 of the three contact reaction is 80° C. to 160° C., and the time t 3 of the third contact reaction is 1 h to 5 hours.
  • the second heating temperature T 7 is 30° C. to 65° C.; more preferably, the second heating temperature T 7 is 40° C. to 60° C.
  • the above steps may further include a step of drying the solvent before heating.
  • the step of the drying treatment is not particularly limited, and it can be performed by a method commonly used in the art.
  • the content of the catalyst component is measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and the unit is wt%;
  • titanium 2.35 wt%
  • magnesium 17.2 wt%
  • internal electron donor 9.2 wt%
  • the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene was carried out in a 5L stainless steel autoclave with mechanical stirring and temperature control devices.
  • the kettle was heated and evacuated to remove air and water vapor, and then filled with nitrogen, repeated three times, adding 6mmol of triethylaluminum, 0.2mmol of cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane and 20mg of the catalyst prepared in Example 1 above, and stirring Under the conditions, 1NL hydrogen and 1200g liquid propylene were added, and the temperature was raised to 70°C to start the polymerization reaction. After reacting for 1 hour, unreacted gas was discharged to obtain polypropylene powder.
  • the measured catalytic activity is 37500 gPP/gCat, the polymer bulk density is 0.45 g/cm 3 , and the isotacticity is 98.2%.
  • titanium 2.30 wt%
  • magnesium 17.4 wt%
  • internal electron donor 9.0 wt%.
  • the catalytic activity was 37000 gPP/gCat
  • the polymer bulk density was 0.45 g/cm 3
  • the isotacticity was 98.3%.
  • Example 1 The composition and performance of the catalyst prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are basically the same.
  • the time it takes to produce a single batch of catalyst is shown in Table 1 above: To produce the same catalyst, Comparative Example 1 took 22 hours, while Example 1 only took time. 19.5h, which is 2.5h less than the former.
  • the continuous production process the preparation of alcoholate, the washing, drying, and screening of the catalyst can be carried out simultaneously with the catalyst loading.
  • the actual production time is:
  • Example 1 The actual production cycle of Example 1 is shorter and the production efficiency is significantly improved.
  • Cool step (2) the product storage tank containing magnesium chloride alkoxide and titanium tetrachloride storage tank 1 to -30°C (1.5h), the reaction temperature of step (4) is 80°C (1h), the corresponding step ( In 5) and step (7), the filtration time was increased to 2h, the washing time in step (7) was increased to 2h, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1.
  • titanium 2.28 wt%
  • magnesium 17.5 wt%
  • internal electron donor 9.3 wt%.
  • the catalytic activity was 36600 gPP/gCat
  • the polymer bulk density was 0.47 g/cm 3
  • the isotacticity was 98.4%.
  • step (3) The temperature of the catalyst loading vessel in step (3) is lowered to -30°C (1.5h), the reaction temperature in step (4) is 80°C (1h), and the filtration time in step (5) and step (7) is increased to 2h.
  • the washing time in step (7) was increased to 3h, and other conditions were the same as in Example 1.
  • titanium 2.31 wt%
  • magnesium 17.3 wt%
  • internal electron donor 9.2 wt%
  • the catalytic activity was measured to be 36200 gPP/gCat, the polymer bulk density was 0.47 g/cm 3 , and the isotacticity was 98.4%.
  • Example 2 The composition and performance of the catalyst prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 are basically the same, and the same catalyst is produced. Comparative Example 2 takes 24 hours, while Example 2 only takes 22 hours, which is 3 hours less than the former.
  • Comparative Example 2 takes 24 hours, while Example 2 only takes 22 hours, which is 3 hours less than the former.
  • the alcohol compound The process of preparation, washing, drying, and screening of the catalyst can be carried out simultaneously with the catalyst loading.
  • the actual production time is:
  • Example 2 The actual production cycle of Example 2 is shorter, and the production efficiency is significantly improved.
  • titanium 2.26 wt%
  • magnesium 18.4 wt%
  • internal electron donor 5.8 wt%
  • the catalytic activity was 24500 gPP/gCat
  • the polymer bulk density was 0.41 g/cm 3
  • the isotacticity was 92.1%.
  • step (4) of Comparative Example 4 the magnesium halide alkoxide was added at once, and other conditions were the same as in Example 1.
  • the titanium content 2.51 wt%
  • magnesium 17.1 wt%
  • internal electron donor 9.5 wt%.
  • the catalytic activity was measured to be 29200 gPP/gCat, the polymer bulk density was 0.38 g/cm 3 , and the isotacticity was 96.2%.
  • titanium 2.31 wt%
  • magnesium 18.5 wt%
  • internal electron donor 5.2 wt%
  • the catalytic activity was 23600 gPP/gCat
  • the polymer bulk density was 0.41 g/cm 3
  • the isotacticity was 92.3%.

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Abstract

一种Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法,包括:在惰性溶剂存在下,使卤化镁、醇类和给电子体进行第一接触反应得到卤化镁醇合物并进行第一冷却的步骤;将卤化钛进行第二冷却的步骤;使冷却后的卤化钛、冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物和给电子体进行第二接触反应的步骤;将第二接触反应的产物进行过滤,得到Ziegler-Natta催化剂的步骤;将Ziegler-Natta催化剂与加热后的卤化钛进行第三接触反应的步骤。该方法具有周期短、效率高等优点,适用于工业生产。

Description

Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及催化剂制备技术领域,具体地涉及一种Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法。
背景技术
自Ziegler-Natta催化剂问世以来,用于烯烃聚合催化剂的相关技术取得较大进展,特别是在内给电子体和载体制备方面作出了很多的创新。例如,CN102212153A中公开了一种含马来酸二酯的烯烃聚合催化剂固体组分及其制备方法;CN102212154A中公开了一种烯烃聚合催化剂固体组分及其制备方法,具体公开了以1,2-环己烷二甲酸二酯化合物或1-环己烯-1,2-二甲酸二酯化合物为内给电子体的催化剂组分的制备方法;CN102432705A中公开了烯烃聚合催化剂固体组分及其制备方法,具体公开了以氢化芴二醚为内给电子体的催化剂组分的制备方法;CN108264589A中公开了一种聚丙烯催化剂组分及其制备方法、聚丙烯催化剂,具体公开了以2,2’-联苯二酚酯类化合物2,2’-二烃基-1,3-二甲醚类化合物为内给电子体的催化剂;CN103030718A中公开了一种制备用于烯烃聚合固体催化剂的载体的方法,其步骤主要为:先将卤素或卤素化合物溶解于部分醇类化合物中,然后加入部分金属镁升温并搅拌混合,再继续加入醇类化合物和金属镁,最后加入钛的卤化物进行反应而成。
尽管在制备Ziegler-Natta催化剂领域已经做了大量的研究工作,但催化剂的工业制备过程仍然极为繁琐和冗长,需要做一些创新和改进以提高催化剂的生产效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的制备周期长、效率低等问题,提供一种Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法,该方法具有周期短、效率高等优点。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供一种Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法,其中,该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)在惰性溶剂存在下,使卤化镁、醇类和第一给电子体进行第一接触反应得到卤化镁醇合物的步骤;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物进行第一冷却,得到冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物的步骤;
(3)将卤化钛进行第二冷却,得到冷却后的卤化钛的步骤;
(4)使所述冷却后的卤化钛、冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物和第二给电子体进行第二接触反应的步骤;
(5)将所述第二接触反应的产物进行过滤,得到Ziegler-Natta催化剂的步骤。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将卤化钛进行第一加热,得到加热后的卤化钛,并将所述步骤(5)中的Ziegler-Natta催化剂与所述加热后的卤化钛进行第三接触反应的步骤。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行洗涤的步骤。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行筛分的步骤。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行包装的步骤。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将溶剂进行第二加热,得到加热后的溶剂的步骤,利用所述加热后的溶剂对步骤(5)中的Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行洗涤;所述溶剂为戊烷、己烷或庚烷。
优选地,所述各步骤在惰性气体保护下进行。
优选地,所述各原料的含水量小于10ppm。
优选地,所述卤化镁的通式为MgR 1R 2,其中R 1、R 2为相同或不同的卤素。
优选地,所述卤化镁为氯化镁、溴化镁或碘化镁。
优选地,所述醇类为一元醇或多元醇中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述第一给电子体和所述第二给电子体各自为酚类、酮类、醛类、羧酸、有机或无机酸酯、醚、醚酯以及烷基硅氧烷类化合物中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述第一给电子体和所述第二给电子体相同。
优选地,所述惰性溶剂为烷烃、芳烃及其取代物中的一种或多种。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述卤化镁、醇类和第一给电子体的摩尔比为1:10:0.1~10:1:5,更优选为1:5:0.1~5:1:3;所述醇类与惰性溶剂的体积比为1:10~10:1,更优选为1:5~5:1。
优选地,所述第一接触反应的温度T 1为50℃~180℃,更优选为80℃~150℃,所述第一接触反应的时间t 1为0.5h~5h,更优选为1h~3h。
优选地,所述第一冷却的温度T 2为-50℃~10℃,更优选为-30℃~0℃。
优选地,所述第二冷却的温度T 3为-50℃~10℃,更优选为-30℃~0℃。
优选地,所述卤化钛的通式为TiR 3 kR 4 l,其中,R 3为卤素,R 4为C 1~C 5的烷氧基,l为0~3的整数,且k+l=4。
优选地,所述卤化钛为四氯化钛、四溴化钛或四碘化钛。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述冷却后的卤化钛与冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物的体积比为10:1~1:2,更优选为5:1~1:1;所述第二给电子体与卤化镁醇合物的摩尔比为1:20~1:1,更优选为1:10~1:2。
优选地,所述第二接触反应的温度T 4为50℃~200℃,更优选为80℃~160℃,所述第二接触反应的时间t 2为0.5h~10h,更优选为1h~5h。
优选地,所述第一加热的温度T 5为50℃~200℃,更优选为80℃~160℃。
优选地,所述第三接触反应的温度T 6为50℃~200℃,更优选为80℃ ~160℃,所述第三接触反应的时间t 3为0.5h~10h,更优选为1h~5h。
优选地,所述第二加热的温度T 7为30℃~65℃,优选为40℃~60℃。
本发明通过采用独立的预冷、预热操作,提前将原料换热至操作温度,从而有效减少了升、降温的等待时间;同时,将催化剂过滤过程在单独的催化剂过滤器中完成,提高了催化剂负载釜的利用率,本发明用于催化剂工业制备,具有生产周期短、生产效率高等优点。
具体实施方式
在本文中所披露的范围的端点和任何值都不限于该精确的范围或值,这些范围或值应当理解为包含接近这些范围或值的值。对于数值范围来说,各个范围的端点值之间、各个范围的端点值和单独的点值之间,以及单独的点值之间可以彼此组合而得到一个或多个新的数值范围,这些数值范围应被视为在本文中具体公开。
为了实现本发明的目的,本发明提供了一种Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)在惰性溶剂存在下,使卤化镁、醇类和第一给电子体进行第一接触反应得到卤化镁醇合物的步骤;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物进行第一冷却,得到冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物的步骤;
(3)将卤化钛进行第二冷却,得到冷却后的卤化钛的步骤;
(4)使所述冷却后的卤化钛、冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物和第二给电子体进行第二接触反应的步骤;
(5)将所述第二接触反应的产物进行过滤,得到Ziegler-Natta催化剂的步骤。
本发明通过提前将原料换热至操作温度,有效减少了升、降温的等待时间;同时,将催化剂过滤过程在单独的催化剂过滤器中完成,提高了催 化剂负载釜的利用率,从而缩短生产周期、提高生产效率。
在本发明的方法中,为了进一步缩短生产周期,可以将步骤(1)中得到的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物导出到单独的储罐中进行下一步的冷却步骤。
在本发明的方法中,为了进一步缩短生产周期,在上述步骤(2)的冷却过程进行的同时,进行步骤(3)对卤化钛的冷却步骤。
通过将反应物料导出单独进行冷却以及将待反应物料同时进行冷却处理,进一步缩短了催化剂的生产周期。
在本发明的方法中,对于步骤(4)中的反应装置没有特别的限定,可以为本领域常用的各种催化剂生产设备,在本发明的具体实施方式中采用催化剂负载釜制备Ziegler-Natta催化剂。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将卤化钛进行第一加热,得到加热后的卤化钛,并将所述步骤(5)中的Ziegler-Natta催化剂与所述加热后的卤化钛进行第三接触反应的步骤。通过这样的步骤能够进一步缩短生产周期、保证制得Ziegler-Natta催化剂的性能。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行洗涤的步骤。具体地,可以利用戊烷、己烷、庚烷等溶剂对制得的Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行洗涤,对于洗涤的次数没有特别限定,可以为2~8次,也可以根据需要适当调整。
上述步骤还可以包括对洗涤后的Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行干燥处理的步骤。
对于上述干燥的方式没有特别的限定,可以在干燥釜中进行,具体地,例如可以将洗涤后的催化剂固体颗粒输送至干燥釜,真空干燥。
干燥的温度例如可以为50℃~200℃,优选为60℃~90℃。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行筛分的步骤。具体地,可以通过筛分装置对制得的Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行分级筛选。
上述筛分装置例如可以为振动筛、固定筛、滚轴筛、圆筒筛和弧形筛 中一种或多种装置组合,在本发明的具体方式中选用振动筛。
优选地,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行包装的步骤。具体地,可以将筛选出的合格品导入催化剂混料罐,多釜催化剂掺混后可直接包装或与白油混合均匀后进行包装。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述各步骤在惰性气体保护下进行。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述各原料的含水量少于10ppm。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,步骤(1)中,所述卤化镁、醇类和第一给电子体的摩尔比为1:10:0.1~10:1:5,所述醇类与惰性溶剂的体积比为1:10~10:1;更优选地,步骤(1)中,所述卤化镁、醇类和第一给电子体的摩尔比为1:5:0.1~5:1:3;所述醇类与惰性溶剂的体积比为1:5~5:1。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第一接触反应的温度T 1为50℃~180℃,所述第一接触反应的时间t 1为0.5h~5h;更优选地,所述第一接触反应的温度T 1为80℃~150℃,所述第一接触反应的时间t 1为1h~3h。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述卤化镁的通式为MgR 1R 2,其中R 1、R 2为相同或不同的卤素。上述卤化镁包括但不限于氯化镁、溴化镁、碘化镁等,并且卤化镁可以为上述具有通式MgR 1R 2化合物中的一种或多种的混合物;更优选地,所述卤化镁为氯化镁、溴化镁或碘化镁,在本发明的一个具体实施方式中选用氯化镁。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述醇类为一元醇、多元醇或它们混合物。对于上述一元醇没有特别的限定,可以为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、戊醇、异戊醇、新戊醇、己醇、异己醇、新己醇、庚醇、异庚醇、新庚醇、辛醇、异辛醇、新辛醇、壬醇或异壬醇,进一步优选地,所述一元醇为乙醇、叔丁醇、庚醇或异辛醇,更优选地,所述一元醇为异辛醇。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第一给电子体和所述第二给电子体 各自为酚类、酮类、醛类、羧酸、有机或无机酸酯、单醚、二醚、醚酯和烷基硅氧烷类化合物中的一种或多种;更优选地,所述给电子体为多元羧酸酯或二醚。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第一给电子体和所述第二给电子体相同。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述多元羧酸酯为芳香族多元羧酸酯,更优选地,所述多元羧酸酯为芳香族多元羧酸单酯或二酯。
对于上述芳香族羧酸二酯没有特别的限定,例如可以为邻苯二甲酸二酯或对苯甲酸二酯,其中,邻苯二甲酸二酯可以为邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸正丙酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丙酯、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸甲酯乙酯、邻苯二甲酸甲酯异丙酯、邻苯二甲酸甲酯正丙酯、邻苯二甲酸乙酯正丁酯、邻苯甲酸乙酯异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二正戊酯、邻苯二甲酸二异戊酯、邻苯二甲酸二己酯、邻苯二甲酸二正庚酯、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯、邻苯二甲酸(2,2-二甲基己基)二酯、邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)二酯、邻苯二甲酸二正壬酯、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯、邻苯二甲酸(2,2-二甲基庚基)二酯、邻苯二甲酸正丁酯异己基酯、邻苯二甲酸正丁酯(2-乙基己基)酯、邻苯二甲酸正戊酯正己酯、邻苯二甲酸正戊酯异壬酯、邻苯二甲酸异戊酯正癸酯、邻苯二甲酸正戊酯十一烷酯、邻苯二甲酸异戊基异己基酯、邻苯二甲酸正己酯(2-甲基己基酯)、邻苯二甲酸正己基(2-乙基己基酯)、邻苯二甲酸正己酯(异壬酯)、邻苯二甲酸正己基(正癸酯)、邻苯二甲酸正庚酯(2-乙基己基酯)、邻苯二甲酸正庚酯(异壬酯)、邻苯二甲酸正庚酯新壬酯和邻苯二甲酸2-乙基己酯(异壬酯)中的一种或多种混合使用;对于上述对苯二甲酸二酯没有特别的限定,例如可以为对苯二甲酸二甲酯、对苯二甲酸二乙酯、对苯二甲酸二正丙酯、对苯二甲酸二异丙酯、对苯二甲酸二正丁酯、对苯二甲酸二正丁酯、对苯二甲酸二异丁酯、对苯二甲酸乙酯甲酯、对苯 二甲酸甲酯异丙酯、对苯二甲酸乙酯(正丙酯)、对苯二甲酸乙酯(正丁酯)、对苯二甲酸乙酯(异丁酯、对苯二甲酸二正戊酯、对苯二甲酸二异戊酯、对苯二甲酸二己酯、对二甲酸二正庚酯、对苯甲酸二正辛酯、对苯二甲酸二异辛酯、对苯二甲酸二(2,2-二甲基己基)酯、对苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、对苯二甲酸二正壬酯、对苯二甲酸二异壬酯、对二甲酸异癸酯、对苯二甲酸二(2,2-二甲基乙基庚基)酯、对苯二甲酸正丁酯异己酯、对苯二甲酸正戊酯正己酯、对苯二甲酸正戊酯异己酯、对苯二甲酸异戊酯(庚酯)、对苯二甲酸正戊酯(2-乙基己基)酯、对苯二甲酸正戊酯(异壬酯)、对苯二甲酸异戊酯(正癸酯)、对苯二甲酸正戊酯十一烷酯、对苯二甲酸异戊酯异己酯、对苯二甲酸正己基(2-乙基己基酯)、对苯二甲酸正己基(异壬基酯)、对苯二甲酸正己酯(正癸酯)、对苯二甲酸正庚基(2-乙基己基酯)、对苯二甲酸正庚基(异壬基酯)、对苯二甲酸正庚基(新癸酯)和对苯二甲酸2-乙基己基(异壬基酯)中的一种或多种混合使用;优选地,所述芳香族羧酸二酯为邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丙酯、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯、对苯二甲酸二正丁酯、对苯二甲酸二异丁酯、对苯二甲酸二正辛酯、对苯二甲酸二异辛酯和对苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯中的一种或多种混合使用。
对于上述二醚类没有特别的限定,例如可以为烷基二醚类,包括:二甲醚、乙二醚、甲乙二醚、乙二醇二甲醚、二乙醚、2,2-二异丁基-1,3-二甲氧基丙烷等;芳基二醚类包括:二甲苯醚、乙苯二醚、正丙苯二醚、异丙苯二醚、正丁基苯二醚、异丁基苯二醚、三苯二醚、9,9二(甲氧基甲基)芴、2-甲氧基甲基苯并呋喃或双酚二醚等。
对于上述烷基硅氧烷类没有特别的限定,例如可以为环己基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、二异丙基二甲氧基硅烷、二正丁基二甲氧基硅烷、二异丁基二甲氧基硅烷、二苯基二甲氧基硅烷、甲基叔丁基二甲氧基硅烷、二环戊基 二甲氧基硅烷、2-乙基哌啶基-2-叔丁基二甲氧基硅烷、二环己基二甲氧基硅烷、环戊基环己基二甲氧基硅烷或异丁基异丙基二甲氧基硅烷等。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述惰性溶剂为烷烃、芳烃及其取代物中的一种或多种。
对于上述烷烃没有特别的限定,例如可以为正己烷、异己烷、新己烷、环己烷、正庚烷、异庚烷、新庚烷、环庚烷、正辛烷、异辛烷、新辛烷、环辛烷、正壬烷、异壬烷、新壬烷、环壬烷、正癸烷、异癸烷、新癸烷或环癸烷等;上述芳烃可以为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯、二氯苯、三氯苯等;优选地,所述烷烃为正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷、正壬烷、正癸烷、甲苯或二甲苯。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第一冷却的温度T 2为-50℃~10℃;更优选地,所述第一冷却的温度T 2为-30℃~0℃。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第二冷却的温度T 3为-50℃~10℃;更优选地,所述第二冷却的温度T 3为-30℃~0℃。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述卤化钛的通式为TiR 3 kR 4 l,其中,R 3为卤素,R 4为C 1~C 5的烷氧基,l为0~3的整数,且k+l=4。具体地,例如l可以为0、1、2或3,K可以为1、2、3或4;卤化钛可以为四氯化钛、四溴化钛、四碘化钛、甲氧基三氯化钛、乙氧基三氯化钛、丙氧基三氯化钛、正丁氧基三氯化钛、二甲氧基二氯化钛、二乙氧基二氯化钛、二丙氧基二氯化钛、二正丁氧基二氯化钛、三甲氧基氯化钛、三乙氧基氯化钛、三丙氧基氯化钛和三正丁氧基氯化钛中的一种或多种;更优选地,所述卤化钛为四氯化钛、四溴化钛或四碘化钛,在本发明的一个具体实施方式中选用四氯化钛。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,步骤(4)中,所述冷却后的卤化钛与冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物的体积比为10:1~1:2;所述第二给电子体与卤化镁醇合物的摩尔比为1:20~1:1;更优选地,所述冷却后的卤化 钛与冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物的体积比为5:1~1:1;所述第二给电子体与卤化镁醇合物的摩尔比为1:10~1:2。
对于上述步骤(4)中的反应物料的加入方式没有特别的限定,可以同时加入或者各反应物料依次加入。
为了进一步保证制得Ziegler-Natta催化剂的性能,对于上述冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的加入时间进行了限定,优选地,冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的加入时间为0.2h~5h;更优选地,冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的加入时间为0.5h~2h。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第二接触反应的温度T 4为50℃~200℃,所述第二接触反应的时间t 2为0.5h~10h;更优选地,所述第二接触反应的温度T 4为80℃~160℃,所述第二接触反应的时间t 2为1h~5h。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第一加热的温度T 5为50℃~200℃;更优选地,所述第一加热的温度T 5为80℃~160℃。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第三接触反应的温度T 6为50℃~200℃,所述第三接触反应的时间t 3为0.5h~10h;更优选地,所述第三接触反应的温度T 6为80℃~160℃,所述第三接触反应的时间t 3为1h~5h。
在本发明的方法中,优选地,所述第二加热的温度T 7为30℃~65℃;更优选地,所述第二加热的温度T 7为40℃~60℃。
对于上述步骤还可以包括对加热前的溶剂进行干燥处理的步骤。干燥处理的步骤没有特别的限定,可以采用本领域通常使用的方法进行即可。
以下将通过实施例对本发明进行详细描述。
以下实施例和对比例中,如无特别说明,所用的材料均可通过商购获得,如无特别说明,所用的方法为本领域的常规方法,其中,
(1)催化剂组分含量采用紫外分光光度计测定,单位为wt%;
(2)内给电子体的含量采用气相色谱(GC)进行测定;
(3)丙烯聚合物等规度指数(II):采用庚烷抽提法进行测定。
实施例1
(1)将氯化镁50kg、异辛醇300L、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯20kg、正癸烷400L加入氮气置换好的反应釜中,110℃下反应3h,生成氯化镁醇合物;
(2)将得到的含有氯化镁醇合物的产物经过滤后导入醇合物储罐,将醇和物储罐冷却至-20℃(1h);同时将四氯化钛储罐1冷却至-20℃(1h);
(3)将500L冷却后的四氯化钛加入催化剂负载釜;
(4)将150L冷却后的含有氯化镁醇合物的产物缓慢加入到催化剂负载釜中(0.5h),加入完成后,对催化剂负载釜进行升温,升温过程中加入邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯5kg,升温到135℃(2h),反应3h;同时将四氯化钛储罐2加热至135℃(1h);
(5)将催化剂负载釜中的物料送往过滤器,过滤(1h)后得到固体颗粒;
(6)将500L加热后的四氯化钛送往过滤器,携带固体颗粒进入催化剂负载釜,在135℃下反应2h;同时对干燥己烷储罐进行加热(温度为60℃,0.5h);
(7)反应结束后,将催化剂负载釜中的物料送往过滤器,过滤(1h)后,使用加热后的己烷洗涤6次(1h);
(8)将洗涤完成后的催化剂固体颗粒送往干燥釜,真空干燥(4h);
(9)将干燥后的催化剂进行分级(1h),包装。
测得催化剂中,钛:2.35wt%,镁:17.2wt%,内给电子体:9.2wt%。
聚合反应
丙烯液相本体聚合于带有机械搅拌和控温装置的5L不锈钢高压反应釜中进行。将釜加热抽真空,除去空气和水汽,而后充入氮气,反复3次,加入6mmol三乙基铝、0.2mmol环己基甲基二甲氧基硅烷和20mg上述实 施例1制得的催化剂,搅拌条件下加入1NL氢气和1200g液态丙烯,升温至70℃,开始聚合反应。反应1小时后,排出未反应气体,得到聚丙烯粉末。
测得催化活性37500gPP/gCat,聚合物堆积密度0.45g/cm 3,等规度为98.2%。
对比例1
(1)将氯化镁50kg、异辛醇300L、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯20kg、正癸烷400L加入氮气置换好的反应釜中,110℃下反应3h,生成氯化镁醇合物;
(2)将得到的含有氯化镁醇合物的产物经过滤后导入醇合物储罐,将醇和物储罐降温至25℃(1h);
(3)将四氯化钛500L加入催化剂负载釜,降温至-20℃(1h);
(4)将含有氯化镁醇合物的产物150L缓慢加入到催化剂负载釜中(0.5h),加入完成后,对催化剂负载釜进行升温,升温过程中加入邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯5kg,升温至135℃(2h),反应3h;
(5)将催化剂负载釜中的物料送往过滤器,过滤(1h)后得到固体颗粒;
(6)将500L四氯化钛送往过滤器,携带固体颗粒进入催化剂负载釜,升温至135℃(1h)后反应2h;
(7)反应结束后,将催化剂负载釜中的物料送往过滤器,过滤(1h)后,使用己烷洗涤6次(1.5h);
(8)将洗涤完成后的催化剂固体颗粒送往干燥釜,真空干燥(4h);
(9)将干燥后的催化剂进行分级(1h),包装。
测得催化剂中,钛:2.30wt%,镁:17.4wt%,内给电子体:9.0wt%。
采用与实施例1相同的聚合条件,测得催化活性37000gPP/gCat,聚合物堆积密度0.45g/cm 3,等规度为98.3%。
催化剂生产过程中各步骤所需时间,如下述表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019094227-appb-000001
实施例1和对比例1制备的催化剂组成和性能基本相同,其生产单个批次催化剂消耗的时间如上述表1所示可知:生产相同的催化剂,对比例1用时22h,而实施例1仅用时19.5h,比前者节约2.5h;而在连续生产过程中,醇合物的制备、催化剂的洗涤、干燥、筛分等工序可与催化剂负载同时进行,则实际的生产时间为:
实施例1 19.5-3-1-2-4-1=8.5(h)
对比例1 22-3-1-1.5-4-1=11.5(h)
实施例1的实际生产周期更短,生产效率显著提高。
实施例2
将步骤(2)含有氯化镁醇合物的产物储罐和四氯化钛储罐1冷却至-30℃(1.5h),步骤(4)的反应温度为80℃(1h),相应的步骤(5)和步骤(7) 中过滤时间增加到2h,步骤(7)的洗涤时间增加到2h,其他条件与实施例1相同。
测得催化剂中,钛:2.28wt%,镁:17.5wt%,内给电子体:9.3wt%。
采用与实施例1相同的聚合条件,测得催化活性36600gPP/gCat,聚合物堆积密度0.47g/cm 3,等规度为98.4%。
对比例2
将步骤(3)催化剂负载釜降温至-30℃(1.5h),步骤(4)的反应温度为80℃(1h),相应的步骤(5)和步骤(7)中过滤时间增至2h,步骤(7)的洗涤时间增至3h,其他条件与实施例1相同。
测得催化剂中,钛:2.31wt%,镁:17.3wt%,内给电子体:9.2wt%。
采用与实施例1相同的聚合条件,测得催化活性36200gPP/gCat,聚合物堆积密度0.47g/cm 3,等规度为98.4%。
实施例2和对比例2制备的催化剂组成和性能基本相同,生产相同的催化剂,对比例2用时24h,而实施例2仅用时22h,比前者节约3h;而在连续生产过程中,醇合物的制备、催化剂的洗涤、干燥、筛分等工序可与催化剂负载同时进行,则实际的生产时间为:
实施例2 22-3-1.5-4-4-1=8.5(h)
对比例2 24-3-1-3-4-1=12(h)
实施例2的实际生产周期更短,生产效率显著提高。
对比例3步骤(1)中不添加邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯,其他条件与实施例1相同。
测得催化剂中,钛:2.26wt%,镁:18.4wt%,内给电子体:5.8wt%。
采用与实施例1相同的聚合条件,测得催化活性24500gPP/gCat,聚合物堆积密度0.41g/cm 3,等规度为92.1%。
对比例4步骤(4)中卤化镁醇合物为一次性加入,其他条件与实施例1相同。
测得催化剂中,钛含量:2.51wt%,镁:17.1wt%,内给电子体:9.5wt%。
采用与实施例1相同的聚合条件,测得催化活性29200gPP/gCat,聚合物堆积密度0.38g/cm 3,等规度为96.2%。
对比例5步骤(1)中不添加邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯,步骤(4)中邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯的加入量为25kg,其他条件与实施例1相同。
测得催化剂中,钛:2.31wt%,镁:18.5wt%,内给电子体:5.2wt%。
采用与实施例1相同的聚合条件,测得催化活性23600gPP/gCat,聚合物堆积密度0.41g/cm 3,等规度为92.3%。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,包括各个技术特征以任何其它的合适方式进行组合,这些简单变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容,均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种Ziegler-Natta催化剂的工业制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
    (1)在惰性溶剂存在下,使卤化镁、醇类和第一给电子体进行第一接触反应得到卤化镁醇合物的步骤;
    (2)将步骤(1)中得到的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物进行第一冷却,得到冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物的步骤;
    (3)将卤化钛进行第二冷却,得到冷却后的卤化钛的步骤;
    (4)使所述冷却后的卤化钛、冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物和第二给电子体进行第二接触反应的步骤;
    (5)将所述第二接触反应的产物进行过滤,得到Ziegler-Natta催化剂的步骤。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:将卤化钛进行第一加热,得到加热后的卤化钛,并将所述步骤(5)中的Ziegler-Natta催化剂与所述加热后的卤化钛进行第三接触反应的步骤。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行洗涤的步骤;
    优选地,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行筛分的步骤;
    优选地,所述方法还包括:将所述Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行包装的步骤。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:将溶剂进行第二加热,得到加热后的溶剂的步骤,利用所述加热后的溶剂对步骤(5)中的Ziegler-Natta催化剂进行洗涤;
    所述溶剂为戊烷、己烷或庚烷。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述各步骤在惰性气体保护下进行;
    优选地,所述各原料的含水量小于10ppm。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述卤化镁的通式为MgR 1R 2,其中R 1、R 2为相同或不同的卤素;
    优选地,所述卤化镁为氯化镁、溴化镁或碘化镁;
    优选地,所述醇类为一元醇或多元醇中的一种或多种;
    优选地,所述第一给电子体和所述第二给电子体各自为酚类、酮类、醛类、羧酸、有机或无机酸酯、醚、醚酯以及烷基硅氧烷类化合物中的一种或多种;
    优选地,所述惰性溶剂为烷烃、芳烃及其取代物中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述卤化镁、醇类和第一给电子体的摩尔比为1:10:0.1~10:1:5,优选为1:5:0.1~5:1:3;所述醇类与惰性溶剂的体积比为1:10~10:1,优选为1:5~5:1。
  8. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第一接触反应的温度T 1为50℃~180℃,优选为80℃~150℃,所述第一接触反应的时间t 1为0.5h~5h,优选为1h~3h。
  9. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第一冷却的温度T 2为-50℃~10℃,优选为-30℃~0℃;
    优选地,所述第二冷却的温度T 3为-50℃~10℃,优选为-30℃~0℃。
  10. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述卤化钛的通式为TiR 3 kR 4 l,其中,R 3为卤素,R 4为C1~C5的烷氧基,l为0~3的整数,且k+l=4;
    优选地,所述卤化钛为四氯化钛、四溴化钛或四碘化钛。
  11. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述冷却后的卤化钛与冷却后的含有卤化镁醇合物的产物的体积比为10:1~1:2,优选为5:1~1:1;所述第二给电子体与卤化镁醇合物的摩尔比为1:20~1:1,优选为1:10~1:2。
  12. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第二接触反应的温度T 4为50℃~200℃,优选为80℃~160℃,所述第二接触反应的时间t 2为0.5h~10h,优选为1h~5h。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第一加热的温度T 5为50℃~200℃,优选为80℃~160℃。
  14. 根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第三接触反应的温度T 6为50℃~200℃,优选为80℃~160℃,所述第三接触反应的时间t 3为0.5h~10h,优选为1h~5h。
  15. 根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第二加热的温度T 7为30℃~65℃,优选为40℃~60℃。
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