WO2020235554A1 - Réfrigérateur à tuyau d'impulsion, et tête froide pour réfrigérateur à tuyau d'impulsion - Google Patents

Réfrigérateur à tuyau d'impulsion, et tête froide pour réfrigérateur à tuyau d'impulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020235554A1
WO2020235554A1 PCT/JP2020/019768 JP2020019768W WO2020235554A1 WO 2020235554 A1 WO2020235554 A1 WO 2020235554A1 JP 2020019768 W JP2020019768 W JP 2020019768W WO 2020235554 A1 WO2020235554 A1 WO 2020235554A1
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Prior art keywords
pulse tube
temperature end
connection port
high temperature
cold storage
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PCT/JP2020/019768
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
名堯 許
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住友重機械工業株式会社
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Publication of WO2020235554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020235554A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pulse tube refrigerator.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator is equipped with a vibration flow source, a regenerator, a pulse tube, and a phase control mechanism as its main components.
  • a vibration flow source for generating oscillating flow.
  • a regenerator for generating oscillating flow.
  • a pulse tube for generating oscillating flow.
  • GM Green-McMahon
  • phase control mechanisms such as a double inlet type, an active buffer type, and a 4-valve type.
  • a circulation path for the working gas including the cooler and the pulse tube can be formed depending on the methods of the vibration flow source and the phase control mechanism.
  • the low temperature ends of the cooler and the pulse tube communicate with each other, and the high temperature ends bypass the cooler from the vibration flow source to the pulse tube. It is connected by a connecting passage to form a circulation path for the working gas.
  • a gas flow having a DC component which is also called "DC flow”
  • the DC flow can affect the freezing performance of the pulse tube refrigerator.
  • the DC flow includes a working gas flow penetrating from the hot end of the pulse tube to the cold end of the pulse tube
  • such working gas flow provides significant heat input from the hot end of the pulse tube to the cold end of the pulse tube. Therefore, the refrigerating efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator may decrease.
  • One of the exemplary objects of an aspect of the present invention is to improve the freezing efficiency of a pulse tube refrigerator.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator has a compressor having a compressor discharge port and a compressor suction port, and a pulse tube high temperature having a first connection port and a second connection port provided at different positions.
  • a cold storage device having a pulse tube having an end, a low temperature end of the pulse tube, a high temperature end of the cooler, and a low temperature end of the cooler communicating with the low temperature end of the pulse tube, and the high temperature end of the cooler.
  • Flow control from the branch between the main pressure switching valve and the high temperature end of the regenerator so as to bypass the regenerator and the main pressure switching valve that is alternately connected to the compressor discharge port and the compressor suction port.
  • a double inlet flow path connected to the first connection port at the high temperature end of the pulse tube and a buffer volume connected to the second connection port at the high temperature end of the pulse tube are provided.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator has a compressor having a compressor discharge port and a compressor suction port, and a pulse tube high temperature having a first connection port and a second connection port provided at different positions.
  • a cold storage device having a pulse tube having an end, a low-temperature end of the pulse tube, a high-temperature end of the regenerator, and a low-temperature end of the regenerator communicating with the low-temperature end of the pulse tube, and the high-temperature end of the regenerator
  • a main pressure switching valve that alternately connects to the compressor discharge port and the compressor suction port, and a sub that alternately connects the first connection port at the high temperature end of the pulse tube to the compressor discharge port and the compressor suction port. It includes a pressure switching valve and a buffer volume connected to the second connection port at the high temperature end of the pulse tube.
  • the cold head of the pulse tube refrigerator is a pulse tube having a first connection port and a second connection port provided at different positions, and a pulse tube high temperature end and a pulse tube low temperature end.
  • a cold storage device having a cold storage device high temperature end and a cold storage device low temperature end communicating with the pulse tube low temperature end, a cold storage device communication passage connecting the cold storage device high temperature end to a main pressure switching valve, and the above.
  • a double inlet flow path connected to the first connection port at the high temperature end of the pulse pipe from a branch on the cold storage communication passage via a flow control unit and a high temperature end of the pulse pipe so as to bypass the cold storage.
  • a buffer volume connected to the second connection port is provided.
  • the cold head of the pulse tube refrigerator is a pulse tube having a first connection port and a second connection port provided at different positions, and a pulse tube high temperature end and a pulse tube low temperature end.
  • a regenerator having a regenerator high temperature end and a regenerator low temperature end communicating with the pulse tube low temperature end, a regenerator communication passage connecting the regenerator high temperature end to a main pressure switching valve, and the above. It includes a pulse tube communication passage that connects the first connection port at the high temperature end of the pulse tube to the auxiliary pressure switching valve, and a buffer volume connected to the second connection port at the high temperature end of the pulse tube.
  • the refrigerating efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator is improved.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows schematicly the pulse tube refrigerator which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows schematic the pulse tube high temperature end of the pulse tube refrigerator shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows typically a typical double inlet type pulse tube refrigerator. It is a figure which shows typically another example of the pulse tube refrigerator which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematicly the pulse tube refrigerator which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the pulse tube refrigerator 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 is, for example, a GM (Gifford-McMahon) type double inlet type pulse tube refrigerator.
  • the pulse tube refrigerating machine 10 is a single-stage pulse tube refrigerating machine.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 can also be a multi-stage (for example, two-stage) pulse tube refrigerator.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 includes a compressor 12 and a cold head 14.
  • the cold head 14 includes a pulse tube 16, a regenerator 18, a cooling stage 20, a main pressure switching valve 22, and a room temperature section 24.
  • a buffer volume 26, for example, a buffer tank is connected to the room temperature portion 24 of the cold head 14. Further, the room temperature unit 24 has two flow rate control units.
  • the flow control unit includes, for example, a flow rate adjusting element such as an orifice or a throttle valve.
  • the flow path resistance of the flow control unit may be fixed or adjustable.
  • the first flow rate control unit will be referred to as a double inlet orifice 28, and the second flow rate control unit will be referred to as a buffer orifice 30. However, it is not intended to limit the flow control unit to only the orifice.
  • the compressor 12 and the main pressure switching valve 22 form a vibration flow source for the pulse tube refrigerator 10. That is, from the steady flow of the working gas generated by the compressor 12, the pressure vibration of the working gas can be generated in the pulse pipe 16 through the regenerator 18 by the switching operation of the main pressure switching valve 22.
  • the buffer volume 26, the double inlet orifice 28, and the buffer orifice 30 constitute a phase control mechanism for the pulse tube refrigerator 10.
  • the phase control mechanism can delay the phase of the displacement vibration of the gas element (also called the gas piston) in the pulse tube 16 with respect to the pressure vibration of the working gas. Appropriate phase lag can cause PV work at the cold end of the pulse tube 16 to cool the working gas.
  • the compressor 12 has a compressor discharge port 12a and a compressor suction port 12b, and is configured to compress the recovered low-pressure PL working gas to generate a high-pressure PH working gas.
  • the working gas is supplied from the compressor discharge port 12a to the pulse tube 16 through the main pressure switching valve 22 and the cold storage device 18, and the working gas is supplied from the pulse tube 16 to the compressor suction port 12b through the cold storage device 18 and the main pressure switching valve 22. Will be recovered.
  • the compressor discharge port 12a and the compressor suction port 12b function as a high-pressure source and a low-pressure source of the pulse tube refrigerator 10, respectively.
  • the working gas is also called a refrigerant gas, for example, helium gas.
  • both high-pressure PH and low-pressure PL are considerably higher than the ambient environmental pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure) of the pulse tube refrigerator 10. Therefore, the high voltage PH and the low voltage PL can also be referred to as a first high voltage and a second high voltage, respectively.
  • the high pressure pH is, for example, 2 to 3 MPa.
  • the low pressure PL is, for example, 0.5 to 1.5 MPa.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 is provided with a high pressure line 13a and a low pressure line 13b.
  • the working gas of high pressure PH flows from the compressor 12 to the cold head 14 through the high pressure line 13a.
  • the working gas of the low pressure PL flows from the cold head 14 to the compressor 12 through the low pressure line 13b.
  • the high-pressure line 13a connects the compressor discharge port 12a to the main intake on-off valve V1 of the main pressure switching valve 22.
  • the low-pressure line 13b connects the compressor suction port 12b to the main exhaust on-off valve V2 of the main pressure switching valve 22.
  • the high pressure line 13a and the low pressure line 13b may be rigid or flexible pipes connecting the compressor 12 and the cold head 14, respectively.
  • the pulse tube 16 has a pulse tube high temperature end 16a and a pulse tube low temperature end 16b, and extends axially from the pulse tube high temperature end 16a to the pulse tube low temperature end 16b.
  • the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube and the low temperature end 16b of the pulse tube can also be referred to as the first end and the second end of the pulse tube 16, respectively.
  • Rectifiers may be provided at the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube and the low temperature end 16b of the pulse tube, respectively.
  • the cold storage device 18 has a cold storage device high temperature end 18a and a cold storage device low temperature end 18b, and extends axially from the cold storage device high temperature end 18a to the cold storage device low temperature end 18b.
  • the cold storage device high temperature end 18a and the cold storage device low temperature end 18b can also be referred to as the first end and the second end of the cold storage device 18, respectively.
  • the direction in which the pulse tube 16 and the regenerator 18 extend is represented as the axial direction A of the cold head 14.
  • the low temperature end 16b of the pulse tube and the low temperature end 18b of the cooler are structurally connected by the cooling stage 20 and thermally coupled.
  • a cooling stage flow path 21 is formed in the cooling stage 20. Through the cooling stage flow path 21, the low temperature end 16b of the pulse tube fluidly communicates with the low temperature end 18b of the cool storage device. Therefore, the working gas supplied from the compressor 12 can flow from the cold storage device low temperature end 18b to the pulse tube low temperature end 16b through the cooling stage flow path 21. The return gas from the pulse tube 16 can flow from the low temperature end 16b of the pulse tube to the low temperature end 18b of the cooler through the cooling stage flow path 21.
  • the pulse tube 16 is a cylindrical tube with a hollow inside
  • the cooler 18 is a cylindrical tube filled with a cold storage material inside, both adjacent to each other and at their centers.
  • the axes are arranged in parallel.
  • the pulse tube 16 and the regenerator 18 extend in the same direction from the cooling stage 20, and the pulse tube high temperature end 16a and the regenerator high temperature end 18a are arranged on the same side with respect to the cooling stage 20. In this way, the pulse tube 16, the regenerator 18, and the cooling stage 20 are arranged in a U shape.
  • the room temperature section 24 includes a regenerator communication passage 32 that connects the regenerator high temperature end 18a to the main pressure switching valve 22.
  • the regenerator communication passage 32 has a branch portion 32a located between the main pressure switching valve 22 and the regenerator high temperature end 18a.
  • the cold storage communication passage 32 extends from the cold storage high temperature end 18a through the branch portion 32a, further branches into two, and is connected to the main intake on-off valve V1 and the main exhaust on-off valve V2.
  • the room temperature section 24 includes a double inlet flow path 34 that connects the main pressure switching valve 22 to the pulse pipe 16 so as to bypass the cold storage device 18.
  • the double inlet flow path 34 is connected to the pulse tube high temperature end 16a from the branch portion 32a on the cooler communication passage 32 via the double inlet orifice 28.
  • the room temperature section 24 is provided with a buffer orifice 30 and a buffer line 36 for connecting the buffer volume 26 to the cold head 14.
  • the buffer line 36 connects the buffer volume 26 to the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube via the buffer orifice 30.
  • the buffer volume 26 acts as an intermediate pressure source for the working gas having an intermediate pressure between the high pressure PH and the low pressure PL (for example, the average pressure between the high pressure PH and the low pressure PL). Therefore, the working gas flows between the pulse tube 16 and the buffer volume 26 through the buffer line 36 according to the pressure difference between the pulse tube high temperature end 16a and the buffer volume 26.
  • the buffer line 36 may include a rigid or flexible pipe, and the buffer volume 26 and the buffer orifice 30 may be connected to each other, and / or the buffer orifice 30 and the cold head 14 may be connected by such a pipe.
  • the main pressure switching valve 22 is configured to alternately connect the cold storage high temperature end 18a to the compressor discharge port 12a and the compressor suction port 12b in order to generate pressure vibration in the pulse pipe 16.
  • the main pressure switching valve 22 is configured such that when one of the main intake on-off valve V1 and the main exhaust on-off valve V2 is open, the other is closed.
  • the main intake on-off valve V1 connects the compressor discharge port 12a to the cold storage high temperature end 18a
  • the main exhaust on-off valve V2 connects the compressor suction port 12b to the cold storage high temperature end 18a.
  • the compressor 12 and the room temperature section 24 are arranged in an ambient environment (for example, a room temperature atmospheric pressure environment).
  • the buffer volume 26 is also arranged in the surrounding environment.
  • the regenerator 18, the pulse tube 16, and the cooling stage 20 are arranged in an environment isolated from the surrounding environment (for example, a cryogenic vacuum environment).
  • the pulse tube high temperature end 16a and the cooler high temperature end 18a are fixed to each other by a mounting structure such as a flange portion, and the support portion such as a support base or a support wall on which the pulse tube refrigerator 10 is installed ( For example, it is mounted on the wall of the vacuum container that houses the refrigerator 18, the pulse tube 16, and the cooling stage 20).
  • a part of the room temperature portion 24 (for example, the main pressure switching valve 22) is arranged separately from the cold head 14 of the pulse tube refrigerator 10 and connected to the cold head 14 by a rigid or flexible pipe. May be good.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 With such a configuration, the pulse tube refrigerator 10 generates working gas pressure vibrations of high pressure PH and low pressure PL in the pulse tube 16. Displacement vibration of the working gas, that is, reciprocating movement of the gas piston occurs in the pulse tube 16 with an appropriate phase delay in synchronization with the pressure vibration.
  • the movement of the working gas that periodically reciprocates up and down in the pulse tube 16 while holding a certain pressure is often referred to as a "gas piston" and is often used to describe the operation of the pulse tube refrigerator 10.
  • the gas piston When the gas piston is at or near the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube, the working gas expands at the low temperature end 16b of the pulse tube, and cold is generated.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 can cool the cooling stage 20. Therefore, the pulse tube refrigerator 10 can cool the object to be cooled.
  • the object to be cooled by the pulse tube refrigerator 10 is installed directly on the cooling stage 20 or is thermally coupled to the cooling stage 20 via a rigid or flexible heat transfer member.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 can cool the object to be cooled by conduction cooling from the cooling stage 20.
  • the object to be cooled is, for example, a superconducting electromagnet or other superconducting device, or a solid object such as an infrared image sensor or another sensor, but is not limited thereto.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 can also cool the gas or liquid in contact with the cooling stage 20.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 10 can be used for recondensing helium gas.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view schematically showing the pulse tube high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube refrigerator 10 shown in FIG.
  • the pulse tube high temperature end 16a is provided with a first connection port 38 and a second connection port 40.
  • the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are located at different positions from each other.
  • a double inlet flow path 34 is connected to the first connection port 38, and a buffer volume 26 is connected to the second connection port 40 by a buffer line 36. In this way, the double inlet flow path 34 and the buffer volume 26 are separately connected to the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube.
  • the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are located at different positions in the radial direction on the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube.
  • the second connection port 40 is provided at a position at a second distance t2 radially outward from the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a, and the first connection port 38 is radially outward from the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a. It is provided at the position of the first distance t1.
  • the first distance t1 and the second distance t2 indicate the length from the center 42 of the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube to the center of the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40.
  • the pulse tube 16 (specifically, the pulse tube high temperature end) is arranged so that the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are arranged on the upper surface of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a. It is shorter than the radius of 16a).
  • the second distance t2 is shorter than the first distance t1. Therefore, the second connection port 40 is located near the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a, and the first connection port 38 is located closer to the outer circumference of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a than the second connection port 40. ..
  • the first distance t1 may be longer than half the radius of the pulse tube 16.
  • the second distance t2 may be shorter than half the radius of the pulse tube 16.
  • the second connection port 40 may be provided at the center 42 of the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube. In that case, the second distance t2 becomes zero.
  • both the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are on a line passing through the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a (that is, the diameter of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a), and the first The connection port 38 is located on one side of the center 42, and the second connection port 40 is located on the opposite side of the center 42.
  • the diameter of the pulse tube 16 is relatively small, if the two connection ports are arranged on both sides of the center 42 of the pulse tube 16 in this way, it is easy to secure the arrangement space of each connection port.
  • both the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are provided on one side with respect to the center 42.
  • the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 may be provided at positions different from those shown in the illustrated example with respect to the circumferential direction around the center 42.
  • Both the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are provided at the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube so that the working gas flows in the axial direction A of the pulse tube 16 through each of the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40. There is.
  • the hole diameters of the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are the same. However, the hole diameters of the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 may be different.
  • the pulse tube high temperature end 16a is provided with one first connection port 38 and one second connection port 40.
  • a plurality of first connection ports 38 and / or a plurality of second connection ports 40 may be provided at the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube.
  • the double inlet flow path 34 branches between the double inlet orifice 28 and the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube and is connected to the plurality of first connection ports 38.
  • the buffer line 36 branches between the buffer orifice 30 and the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube and is connected to a plurality of second connection ports 40.
  • Such a configuration can help to make the gas flow velocity distribution in the pulse tube 16 in the plane perpendicular to the axial direction A a desired distribution (for example, to make it uniform).
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a typical double inlet type pulse tube refrigerator 310.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 310 includes a compressor 312, a pulse tube 316, a refrigerator 318, a cooling stage 320, a main pressure switching valve 322, a buffer volume 326, a double inlet flow path 334, and a buffer line 336.
  • the main pressure switching valve 322 is connected to the regenerator 318 by the regenerator communication passage 332.
  • the double inlet flow path 334 is provided with a double inlet orifice 328, and the buffer line 336 is provided with a buffer orifice 330.
  • the double inlet flow path 334 branches from the branch portion 332a of the cooler communication passage 332, joins the buffer line 336 at the merging portion 332b, and is connected to the pulse tube high temperature end 316a.
  • the merging portion 332b is located between the buffer orifice 330 and the high temperature end of the pulse tube 316a at the buffer line 336.
  • the flow rate of the working gas flowing from the buffer volume 326 to the pulse tube high temperature end 316a through the buffer line 336 is considerably larger than the gas flow rate flowing through the double inlet flow path 334.
  • the gas flow When a large flow rate of working gas flow from the buffer volume 326 passes through the confluence portion 332b, the gas flow also has the effect of drawing gas from the double inlet flow path 334 through the confluence portion 332b into the buffer line 336.
  • the gas flow drawn from the double inlet flow path 334 into the buffer line 336 is indicated by an arrow 352.
  • Such a gas drawing effect is also referred to as a jet effect below. Due to the jet effect, a large amount of gas can be drawn into the pulse tube 316 from the double inlet flow path 334.
  • the double inlet type pulse tube refrigerator 310 the low temperature ends of the cold storage 318 and the pulse tube 316 are communicated with each other, and the high temperature ends are connected to each other by the double inlet flow path 334.
  • a circulation path for the working gas including the 318 and the pulse tube 316 is formed.
  • the jet effect can generate a DC flow through the circulation path, as shown by arrow 354 in FIG.
  • This DC flow includes a working gas flow that flows through the pulse tube 316 from the pulse tube high temperature end 316a to the pulse tube low temperature end 316b. Heat is transferred from the high temperature end 316a of the pulse tube to the low temperature end 316b of the pulse tube by the DC flow, and the cooling stage 320 can be heated.
  • the double inlet flow path 334 and the buffer line 336 merge and are connected to the pulse tube high temperature end 316a. Therefore, the working gas flow flowing between the buffer volume 326 and the pulse tube 316 brings about a jet effect, which creates a DC flow, which can reduce the refrigerating efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator 310.
  • the pulse tube high temperature end 16a has a first connection port 38 and a second connection port 40 provided at different positions.
  • the double inlet flow path 34 is connected to the first connection port 38, and the buffer volume 26 is connected to the second connection port 40 by the buffer line 36, that is, the double inlet flow path 34 and the buffer line 36 are separately connected to the high temperature end of the pulse tube. It is connected to 16a.
  • the double inlet flow path 34 and the buffer line 36 are not connected to the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube after merging.
  • the jet effect due to the working gas flow from the buffer volume 26 is prevented or mitigated. That is, the gas flowing into the pulse tube 16 from the buffer volume 26 through the buffer line 36 does not cause any gas drawing from the double inlet flow path 34 into the pulse tube 16, or at least the drawing of such gas is significantly reduced. Will be done. Therefore, in the pulse tube refrigerator 10 according to the embodiment, the DC flow is reduced and the refrigerating efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator 10 is improved.
  • the second connection port 40 is provided at a position of a second distance t2 from the center 42 or the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a, and the first connection port 38 is a first distance t1 from the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a. It is provided at the position.
  • the second distance t2 is shorter than the first distance t1.
  • the pulse tube 16 can receive a large flow rate of working gas flow from the buffer volume 26 into the tube from the center 42 of the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube or its vicinity. This is useful for making the gas flow velocity distribution in the pulse tube 16 a desired distribution as compared with the case where a large flow rate of working gas flow is received from the outer peripheral portion of the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube. For example, it becomes easy to make the flow velocity distribution of the axial flow symmetrical around the central axis of the pulse tube 16.
  • both the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are provided at the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube so that the working gas flows in the axial direction A of the pulse tube 16 through each of the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40. Has been done. In this way, it becomes easy to match the flow direction of the working gas flowing into the pulse tube 16 from the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube with the axial direction A. The radial and / or circumferential components of the working gas flow in the pulse tube 16 are reduced.
  • the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 may be arranged in reverse depending on the magnitude relationship between the flow rates of the double inlet flow path 34 and the buffer line 36 or other conditions. That is, the first connection port 38 is provided at a position at a second distance t2 radially outward from the center 42 or the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a, and the second connection port 40 is the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a. It may be provided at a position of a first distance t1 on the outer side in the radial direction from the above.
  • one of the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 is provided at a position at a first distance t1 radially outward from the center 42 or the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a, and the first connection port 38 and The other of the second connection ports 40 may be provided at a position at a second distance t2 radially outward from the center 42 of the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube.
  • the second distance t2 is shorter than the first distance t1.
  • the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 may be provided equidistant from the center 42 of the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube. Also in this case, since the double inlet flow path 34 and the buffer volume 26 are separately connected to the pulse tube high temperature end 16a, the DC flow is reduced and the refrigerating efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator 10 is improved. ..
  • the flow path connection configuration at the pulse tube high temperature end 16a has been described by taking a single-stage double inlet type pulse tube refrigerator 10 as an example, but the embodiment is a multi-stage type ( For example, it can be similarly applied to a double inlet type pulse tube refrigerator (two-stage type). Such embodiments will be described below.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the pulse tube refrigerator according to the first embodiment.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 110 is a GM type double inlet type pulse tube refrigerator, and is configured in a two-stage system.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 110 includes a compressor 12 and a cold head 14.
  • the cold head 14 includes a main pressure switching valve 22, a first-stage pulse tube 116, a first-stage regenerator 118, a first-stage cooling stage 120, a first-stage buffer volume 126, a first-stage double inlet flow path 134, and a first stage. It includes a stage buffer line 136.
  • the main pressure switching valve 22 is connected to the first stage regenerator 118 by the regenerator communication passage 32.
  • the first-stage double inlet flow path 134 is provided with the first-stage double inlet orifice 128, and the first-stage buffer line 136 is provided with the first-stage buffer orifice 130.
  • the first stage pulse tube high temperature end 116a is provided with the first stage first connection port 138 and the second connection port 140.
  • the first connection port 138 and the second connection port 140 are located at different positions from each other.
  • the first-stage double inlet flow path 134 is connected to the first connection port 138, and the first-stage buffer volume 126 is connected to the second connection port 140 by the first-stage buffer line 136.
  • the first-stage double inlet flow path 134 and the first-stage buffer volume 126 are separately connected to the first-stage pulse tube high-temperature end 116a.
  • the second connection port 140 is provided at a position at a second distance t2 radially outward from the center 142 of the first stage pulse tube high temperature end 116a, and the first connection port 138 is the first stage pulse tube high temperature end 116a. It is provided at a position of a first distance t1 radially outward from the center 142 of the above.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 110 includes a second stage pulse tube 216, a second stage refrigerator 218, a second stage cooling stage 220, a second stage buffer volume 226, and a second stage double inlet flow.
  • a road 234 and a second stage buffer line 236 are provided.
  • the second-stage regenerator 218 is connected in series with the first-stage regenerator 118, and the low-temperature end of the second-stage regenerator 218 communicates with the low-temperature end of the second-stage pulse tube 216.
  • the second-stage double inlet flow path 234 connects the main pressure switching valve 22 to the second-stage pulse pipe 216 so as to bypass the regenerator (118, 218).
  • the second-stage double inlet orifice 228 is provided in the second-stage double inlet flow path 234, and the second-stage double inlet orifice 234 is from the branch portion 32a on the cooler communication passage 32 to the second-stage double inlet orifice 228. It is connected to the high temperature end 216a of the second stage pulse tube via.
  • the second-stage buffer line 236 is provided with a second-stage buffer orifice 230, and the second-stage buffer line 236 has a second-stage buffer volume 226 and a second-stage pulse tube high-temperature end via the second-stage buffer orifice 230. Connect to 216a.
  • the second stage pulse tube high temperature end 216a is also provided with the second stage first connection port 238 and the second connection port 240. ..
  • the first connection port 238 and the second connection port 240 are located at different positions from each other.
  • a second-stage double inlet flow path 234 is connected to the first connection port 238, and a second-stage buffer volume 226 is connected to the second connection port 240 by a second-stage buffer line 236. In this way, the second-stage double inlet flow path 234 and the second-stage buffer volume 226 are separately connected to the second-stage pulse tube high-temperature end 216a.
  • the arrangement of the first connection port 238 and the second connection port 240 at the high temperature end 216a of the second stage pulse tube may be various as in the first stage.
  • the second connection port 240 is provided at a position at a second distance t22 radially outward from the center 242 of the second stage pulse tube high temperature end 216a
  • the first connection port 238 is the second stage pulse tube high temperature end 216a. It may be provided at a position of a first distance t21 radially outward from the center 242 of the above.
  • the second distance t22 may be shorter than the first distance t21.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the pulse tube refrigerator 210 according to the second embodiment.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 210 is a GM type 4-valve pulse tube refrigerator. Therefore, the pulse tube refrigerator 210 and the pulse tube refrigerator 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 are provided with an auxiliary pressure switching valve 44 and a pulse tube connecting passage 46 instead of the double inlet flow path. It has a generally common structure. In the following, the different configurations of the two will be mainly described, and the common configurations will be briefly described or omitted.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 210 includes a compressor 12 and a cold head 14.
  • the cold head 14 includes a pulse tube 16, a regenerator 18, a cooling stage 20, a main pressure switching valve 22, a buffer volume 26, and a buffer line 36.
  • the main pressure switching valve 22 is connected to the regenerator 18 by the regenerator communication passage 32.
  • a buffer orifice 30 is provided in the buffer line 36, and the buffer line 36 connects the buffer volume 26 to the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube via the buffer orifice 30.
  • the pulse tube refrigerator 210 further includes an auxiliary pressure switching valve 44 and a pulse tube communication passage 46.
  • the auxiliary pressure switching valve 44 is configured to alternately connect the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube to the compressor discharge port 12a and the compressor suction port 12b.
  • the auxiliary pressure switching valve 44 has an auxiliary intake on-off valve V3 and an auxiliary exhaust on-off valve V4.
  • the high-pressure line 13a connects the compressor discharge port 12a to the intake opening / closing valves (V1, V3), and the low-pressure line 13b connects the compressor suction port 12b to the exhaust opening / closing valves (V2, V4).
  • the sub-intake on-off valve V3 connects the compressor discharge port 12a to the high-temperature end 16a of the pulse pipe
  • the sub-exhaust on-off valve V4 connects the compressor suction port 12b to the high-temperature end 16a of the pulse pipe.
  • the sub-pressure switching valve 44 is configured so that when one of the sub-intake on-off valve V3 and the sub-exhaust on-off valve V4 is open, the other is closed.
  • the sub intake on-off valve V3 When the sub intake on-off valve V3 is open, working gas is supplied from the compressor discharge port 12a to the pulse pipe 16 through the high-pressure line 13a and the sub-intake on-off valve V3.
  • the sub-exhaust on-off valve V4 is open, the working gas is recovered from the pulse pipe 16 to the compressor suction port 12b through the sub-exhaust on-off valve V4 and the low-pressure line 13b.
  • the group of valves (V1 to V4) may take the form of a plurality of individually controllable valves, such as electromagnetic on-off valves.
  • the valves (V1 to V4) may be configured as rotary valves.
  • As the valve timing of these valves (V1 to V4) various valve timings applicable to the existing 4-valve type pulse tube refrigerator can be adopted.
  • the pulse pipe connecting passage 46 connects the compressor discharge port 12a and the compressor suction port 12b to the pulse pipe 16 so as to bypass the cooler 18.
  • the pulse pipe connecting passage 46 is provided with a flow rate adjusting element 48 as an example of the flow rate control unit.
  • the pulse pipe connecting passage 46 extends from the pulse pipe high temperature end 16a to the flow rate adjusting element 48, branches into two, and is connected to the sub intake on-off valve V3 and the sub-exhaust on-off valve V4.
  • a circulation path for working gas is formed including a compressor 12, a pulse tube 16, and a regenerator 18.
  • a first connection port 38 and a second connection port 40 are provided at the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube.
  • the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 are located at different positions from each other.
  • a sub-pressure switching valve 44 is connected to the first connection port 38 by a pulse pipe connecting passage 46, and a buffer volume 26 is connected to the second connection port 40 by a buffer line 36. In this way, the auxiliary pressure switching valve 44 and the buffer volume 26 are separately connected to the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube.
  • the arrangement of the first connection port 38 and the second connection port 40 at the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube may be various as described in relation to the first embodiment.
  • the second connection port 40 is provided at a position at a second distance t2 radially outward from the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a
  • the first connection port 38 is radially outward from the center 42 of the pulse tube high temperature end 16a. It may be provided on the outside at a position of a first distance t1.
  • the second distance t2 may be shorter than the first distance t1.
  • the working gas flowing through the buffer line 36 is similar to the comparative example shown in FIG.
  • the flow provides a jet effect, which allows a large amount of gas to be drawn into the pulse tube 16 from the pulse tube communication passage 46.
  • a DC flow can be generated in the circulation path. The DC flow transfers heat from the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube to the low temperature end 16b of the pulse tube, which can reduce the refrigerating efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator.
  • the pulse tube high temperature end 16a has a first connection port 38 and a second connection port 40 provided at different positions.
  • the auxiliary pressure switching valve 44 and the pulse pipe connecting passage 46 are connected to the first connection port 38, and the buffer volume 26 is connected to the second connection port 40 by the buffer line 36, that is, the pulse pipe connecting passage 46 and the buffer line 36 are connected. It is separately connected to the high temperature end 16a of the pulse tube. Therefore, the DC flow that can occur due to the jet effect in the circulation path is reduced, and the refrigerating efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator 210 is improved.
  • the flow path connection configuration at the pulse tube high temperature end 16a according to the second embodiment has been described by taking a single-stage 4-valve pulse tube refrigerator 210 as an example, but the embodiment is a multi-stage type. It can also be applied to a 4-valve type pulse tube refrigerator. Therefore, the pulse tube refrigerator 210 may be, for example, a two-stage four-valve pulse tube refrigerator.
  • the various features mentioned in the first embodiment are the pulse tube refrigerator according to the second embodiment. It is equally applicable to 210.
  • the present invention can be used in the field of pulse tube refrigerators.
  • pulse tube refrigerator 12 compressor, 12a compressor discharge port, 12b compressor suction port, 14 cold head, 16 pulse tube, 16a pulse tube high temperature end, 16b pulse tube low temperature end, 18 cold storage, 18a cold storage high temperature End, 18b cold storage cold end, 22 main pressure switching valve, 26 buffer volume, 32 cold storage communication passage, 32a branch, 34 double inlet flow path, 38 1st connection port, 40 2nd connection port, 42 center, 44 Sub-pressure switching valve, 46 pulse tube communication passage, A axial direction, t1 first distance, t2 second distance.

Abstract

Réfrigérateur à tuyau d'impulsion (10) qui comprend : une machine de compression (12) dotée d'une sortie de machine de compression (12a) et d'une entrée de machine de compression (12b) ; un tuyau d'impulsion (16) qui a une extrémité basse température de tuyau d'impulsion (16b) et une extrémité haute température de tuyau d'impulsion (16a) dotée d'une première ouverture de liaison (38) et d'une seconde ouverture de liaison (40) disposées à différentes positions ; un dispositif d'entreposage sous froid (18) ayant une extrémité haute température de dispositif d'entreposage sous froid (18a) et une extrémité basse température de dispositif d'entreposage sous froid (18b) connectée à l'extrémité basse température de tuyau d'impulsion (16b) ; une soupape de commutation de pression principale (22) qui connecte alternativement l'extrémité haute température de dispositif d'entreposage sous froid (18a) à la sortie de machine de compression (12a) et l'entrée de machine de compression (12b) ; un trajet d'écoulement à double entrée (34) connecté à partir d'une partie de ramification (32a) entre la soupape de commutation de pression principale (22) et l'extrémité haute température de dispositif d'entreposage sous froid (18a), à la première ouverture de liaison (38) de l'extrémité haute température de tuyau d'impulsion (16a), par l'intermédiaire d'une unité de régulation de débit de sorte que le dispositif d'entreposage sous froid (18) soit contournée ; et un volume tampon (26) relié à la seconde ouverture de liaison (40) de l'extrémité haute température de tuyau d'impulsion (16a).
PCT/JP2020/019768 2019-05-20 2020-05-19 Réfrigérateur à tuyau d'impulsion, et tête froide pour réfrigérateur à tuyau d'impulsion WO2020235554A1 (fr)

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JP2019094247A JP2020190337A (ja) 2019-05-20 2019-05-20 パルス管冷凍機、パルス管冷凍機のコールドヘッド
JP2019-094247 2019-05-20

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Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06101916A (ja) * 1992-09-18 1994-04-12 Toshiba Corp パルスチューブ冷凍機
JPH09196486A (ja) * 1996-01-17 1997-07-31 Iwatani Internatl Corp パルス管冷凍機
JPH10267445A (ja) * 1997-03-28 1998-10-09 Idotai Tsushin Sentan Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk パルス管冷凍機
JPH1114174A (ja) * 1997-06-25 1999-01-22 Daikin Ind Ltd パルス管冷凍機
JPH1114173A (ja) * 1997-06-25 1999-01-22 Daikin Ind Ltd パルス管冷凍機
JP2000249415A (ja) * 1999-03-02 2000-09-14 Iwatani Internatl Corp ダブルインレット型パルス管冷凍機
JP2001304708A (ja) * 2000-04-26 2001-10-31 Toshiba Corp パルス管冷凍機
JP2002061976A (ja) * 2000-08-15 2002-02-28 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology パルス管冷凍機の制御方法
US6442947B1 (en) * 2001-07-10 2002-09-03 Matthew P. Mitchell Double inlet arrangement for pulse tube refrigerator with vortex heat exchanger
JP2003532045A (ja) * 2000-04-24 2003-10-28 アイジーシー−エーピーディー クライオジェニクス、 インコーポレイテッド 混成２段パルスチューブ冷凍機
JP2006284060A (ja) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-19 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd パルス管冷凍機
CN101153755A (zh) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-02 住友重机械工业株式会社 脉冲管冷冻机

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06101916A (ja) * 1992-09-18 1994-04-12 Toshiba Corp パルスチューブ冷凍機
JPH09196486A (ja) * 1996-01-17 1997-07-31 Iwatani Internatl Corp パルス管冷凍機
JPH10267445A (ja) * 1997-03-28 1998-10-09 Idotai Tsushin Sentan Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk パルス管冷凍機
JPH1114174A (ja) * 1997-06-25 1999-01-22 Daikin Ind Ltd パルス管冷凍機
JPH1114173A (ja) * 1997-06-25 1999-01-22 Daikin Ind Ltd パルス管冷凍機
JP2000249415A (ja) * 1999-03-02 2000-09-14 Iwatani Internatl Corp ダブルインレット型パルス管冷凍機
JP2003532045A (ja) * 2000-04-24 2003-10-28 アイジーシー−エーピーディー クライオジェニクス、 インコーポレイテッド 混成２段パルスチューブ冷凍機
JP2001304708A (ja) * 2000-04-26 2001-10-31 Toshiba Corp パルス管冷凍機
JP2002061976A (ja) * 2000-08-15 2002-02-28 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology パルス管冷凍機の制御方法
US6442947B1 (en) * 2001-07-10 2002-09-03 Matthew P. Mitchell Double inlet arrangement for pulse tube refrigerator with vortex heat exchanger
JP2006284060A (ja) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-19 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd パルス管冷凍機
CN101153755A (zh) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-02 住友重机械工业株式会社 脉冲管冷冻机

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