WO2020209057A1 - セメント用添加剤、セメント混和剤、セメント組成物、成形体、および成形体の強度向上方法 - Google Patents
セメント用添加剤、セメント混和剤、セメント組成物、成形体、および成形体の強度向上方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020209057A1 WO2020209057A1 PCT/JP2020/013157 JP2020013157W WO2020209057A1 WO 2020209057 A1 WO2020209057 A1 WO 2020209057A1 JP 2020013157 W JP2020013157 W JP 2020013157W WO 2020209057 A1 WO2020209057 A1 WO 2020209057A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- water
- mol
- absorbent resin
- monomer
- Prior art date
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- NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002261 magnesium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000157 magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002816 methylsulfanyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RAFRTSDUWORDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 3-chloropropanoate Chemical compound ClCCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RAFRTSDUWORDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- PWGIEBRSWMQVCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphono prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC(=O)C=C PWGIEBRSWMQVCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N raffinose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTVDGBKMGBRCKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;12-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O NTVDGBKMGBRCKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004043 trisaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXQKEKGBFMQTML-KVTDHHQDSA-N volemitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO OXQKEKGBFMQTML-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2652—Nitrogen containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/04—Carboxylic acids; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2641—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/20—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or phenols, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or glycerol mono-(meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/285—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing a polyether chain in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/286—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing a polyether chain in the alcohol moiety and containing polyethylene oxide in the alcohol moiety, e.g. methoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C08L33/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0046—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics added as monomers or as oligomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0051—Water-absorbing polymers, hydrophilic polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0062—Cross-linked polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/40—Surface-active agents, dispersants
- C04B2103/408—Dispersants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2641—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
- C04B24/2647—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates containing polyether side chains
Definitions
- the present invention relates to cement additives, cement admixtures, cement compositions, molded bodies, and methods for improving the strength of molded bodies.
- cement is often used at civil engineering and construction sites, and cement compositions such as cement paste made by adding water to cement, mortar mixed with sand, which is a fine aggregate, and concrete mixed with pebbles are used as structural materials and foundations. It is used for multiple purposes such as fireproof walls, and its usage is large. These cement compositions undergo hydration reaction between cement and water to aggregate and harden to generate strength as a molded product.
- Cement additives are added to the cement composition for the purpose of improving various properties.
- a water-absorbent resin is known as such an additive.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a water-absorbent resin obtained by polymerizing a monomer component containing a sulfonic acid-based monomer is added to a cement composition. It is said that the addition of such a water-absorbent resin slows down the evaporation rate of water from the cement composition at the initial stage of construction and does not cause cracks.
- Patent Document 2 when the water-absorbent resin is added to the cement composition, it takes a long time to transport the ready-mixed concrete before hardening from the ready-mixed concrete manufacturing factory to the construction site. Therefore, the water-absorbing resin is absorbed during the transportation. In view of the problem that the resin reaches the saturated water absorption amount, a technique of using a water-absorbent resin obtained by coating the surface of the water-absorbent resin with a slowly soluble / hydrolyzable resin as an additive for concrete is disclosed. There is.
- Patent Documents 3 to 5 as prior arts relating to cement additives.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-291840 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-261250 JP-A-09-002854 JP-A-10-101392 JP-A-10-1343
- Strength is broadly classified into early strength and long-term strength. Early strength indicates strength with a curing period of mainly several days, and high early strength leads to shortening of construction period and labor saving of construction. On the other hand, the long-term strength shows the strength after the curing period is mainly 28 days, which is directly linked to the durability of concrete and is an indispensable performance for structures. Therefore, it is very important that the long-term strength of the molded product obtained by molding the cement composition is high.
- the ready-mixed concrete before hardening is transported from the ready-mixed concrete manufacturing factory to the construction site, pumped at the casting site, and filled in the formwork. If the fluidity of the cement composition is too low or the viscosity is too high during pumping, it takes a long time to transport the cement composition, and in the worst case, the cement composition is clogged in the pipe. Therefore, from the viewpoint of workability, it is preferable that the cement composition at the time of casting has low viscosity and high fluidity.
- the present invention provides an additive for cement in which the viscosity of the cement composition is low and the fluidity is high at the initial stage of addition such as at the time of casting, and the long-term strength of a molded product such as concrete is improved by the addition.
- the purpose is to do.
- the first embodiment of the present invention is an additive for cement containing a water-absorbent resin, wherein the water-absorbent resin contains 50 mol% or more of a nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer and a nonionic crosslinkable monomer 0. It is an additive for cement obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing 1 mol% or more and having an anionic monomer content of 20 mol% or less in the monomer mixture.
- the water-absorbent resin used in the first embodiment has an anionic monomer content of 20 mol% or less in the monomer mixture.
- the content of the anionic monomer exceeds 20 mol%, the water absorption performance begins to be exhibited at the initial stage, for example, 5 minutes after the addition of water (see Comparative Production Example 1 described later).
- the viscosity of the cement composition rapidly increases, and it is necessary to significantly increase the amount of the dispersant added in order to improve the fluidity of the cement composition. Occurs (Comparative Examples 9 to 16 described later).
- the content of the anionic monomer is 20 mol% or less, and the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is 50 mol% or more and the nonionic crosslinkable monomer is 0.1 mol%.
- the water absorption performance is not so high at the initial stage, for example, 5 minutes after the addition of water. In addition, it does not exhibit rapid water absorption performance even after 2 hours of addition (see Examples described later). Therefore, the amount of water absorbed by the water-absorbent resin in the cement composition is low, and the viscosity / fluidity of the cement composition at the initial stage of addition is maintained by adding a small amount of the cement dispersant. Therefore, the work efficiency of the builder and the pumping are smoothly performed.
- the present inventors have a content of anionic monomer of 20 mol% or less, a nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer of 50 mol% or more, and a nonionic crosslinkable single amount in the monomer mixture. It has been found that the long-term strength of the molded product is improved when the body is 0.1 mol% or more.
- the water-absorbent resin of the present embodiment gently absorbs the surrounding water during the period from the time of casting to the curing period in order to slowly exhibit the water-absorbing performance. This prevents the moisture from escaping from the molded product. Further, since cement develops strength by a hydration reaction, a sufficient reaction is not carried out when water is insufficient, and the strength is not sufficiently developed as expected.
- cement additives will be described in detail below.
- XY indicating a range means "X or more, Y or less”.
- salt means “-acid and / or a salt thereof”.
- (Meta) acrylic means "acrylic and / or methacrylic”.
- Water-absorbent resin refers to polymer gelation having a water swellability (CRC) of 5 g / g or more and a soluble component of 50% by mass or less as defined by ERT441.02-02.
- CRC water swellability
- ERT is a European standard (substantial world standard) water-absorbent resin measurement method (EDANA Recommended Test Methods) established by EDANA (abbreviation of European Disposables and Nonwovens Associations). It is an abbreviation.
- EDANA European standard (substantial world standard) water-absorbent resin measurement method
- EDANA abbreviation of European Disposables and Nonwovens Associations
- the water-absorbent resin preferably has a water absorption ratio of less than 20 g / g, more preferably less than 18 g / g, and 17.0 g / g when immersed in 50 mL of an aqueous solution having a pH of 12.9 at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. It is even more preferably less than. By having such characteristics, the viscosity is low at the initial stage of addition of the cement additive, the fluidity is high, and the workability is excellent.
- the water absorption ratio when immersed in an aqueous solution having a pH of 12.9 at 25 ° C. for 2 hours is preferably as low as possible, and the lower limit thereof is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 g / g or more.
- the aqueous solution having a pH of 12.9 is a cement simulating solution that imitates becoming a strong alkali when it contains cement. Therefore, the aqueous solution can imitate the behavior of the water-absorbent resin when water is added to the cement composition containing the cement additive.
- the water absorption ratio of the water-absorbent resin when immersed in an aqueous solution of pH 12.9 at 25 ° C. for 28 days is, for example, 10 g / g or more, and preferably 20 g / g or more from the viewpoint of improving long-term strength. , 30 g / g or more is more preferable, 31 g / g or more is even more preferable, and 35 g / g or more is particularly preferable.
- the higher the water absorption ratio when immersed in an aqueous solution of pH 12.9 at 25 ° C. for 28 days, the more preferable, and the upper limit thereof is not particularly limited, but is usually 50 g / g or less, and 45 g / g. The following is preferable.
- the water-absorbent resin is preferably a powder, and the shape of the powder may be a spherical shape or an agglomerate thereof, or an amorphous (crushed form) obtained by subjecting a hydrogel or a dry polymer to a pulverization step. It is preferably amorphous (crushed).
- a vibration classifier IIDA SIEVE SHAKER, TYPE: ES-65 type, SER. No. 0501
- the amount of residual monomer in the water-absorbent resin is preferably 1000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 500 mass ppm or less, and even more preferably 400 mass ppm or less.
- the amount of residual monomer is not more than the above upper limit, it is highly safe when added to the cement composition. The smaller the amount of residual monomer, the more preferable, but it is usually 5 mass ppm or more.
- the amount of residual monomer means the amount of monomer remaining in the water-absorbent resin.
- the reducing substance include inorganic reducing agents such as phosphorus-based reducing agents and sulfur-based reducing agents (particularly oxygen-containing sulfur-based reducing agents); and organic reducing agents such as ascorbic acid.
- the amount of residual monomer was determined according to ERT410.2-02, after 1.0 g of a water-absorbent resin was added to 200 ml of a 0.9 wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution and stirred at 500 rpm for 1 hour, and then the amount of dissolved monomers ( Unit; mass ppm) is the value measured using HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography).
- the water-absorbent resin is obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing 50 mol% or more of nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer and 0.1 mol% or more of nonionic crosslinkable monomer.
- the monomer mixture refers to the entire polymerizable monomer that forms the polymer that is the main component of the water-absorbent resin, and the total amount of the monomers that form the polymer is 100 mol%.
- the monomer mixture contains at least a nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer and a nonionic crosslinkable monomer.
- both the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer and the nonionic crosslinkable monomer are polymerizable monomers (monomers having an unsaturated double bond).
- the nonionic crosslinkable monomer is, for example, a monomer having two or more unsaturated double bonds and playing a role of cross-linking the main chains.
- the content of the anionic monomer in the monomer mixture is 20 mol% or less.
- the water-absorbent resin has 50 mol% or more of the structural unit derived from the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer and 0.1 mol% or more of the structural unit derived from the nonionic crosslinkable monomer, and is anionic.
- the constituent unit derived from the sex monomer is 20 mol% or less.
- the structural unit derived from the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer, the structural unit derived from the nonionic crosslinkable monomer, and the structural unit derived from the anionic monomer are the molar ratios at the time of preparation of each monomer. You can think of them as matching.
- another form is an additive for cement containing a water-absorbent resin, wherein the water-absorbent resin contains 50 mol% or more of a constituent unit derived from a nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer and a nonionic crosslinkable monomer. It is an additive for cement having 0.1 mol% or more of the constituent unit derived from the anionic monomer and 20 mol% or less of the constituent unit derived from the anionic monomer.
- Nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is the main component of the monomer component constituting the water-absorbent resin.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer refers to a monomer having one unsaturated double bond.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is preferably water-soluble because it can further exert the effects of the present invention.
- the water-soluble nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is also referred to as a water-soluble nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer.
- water-soluble in the water-soluble nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer means that 5 g or more is dissolved in 100 g of water at 25 ° C.
- the water-soluble nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is preferably dissolved in 10 g or more, more preferably 50 g or more, and even more preferably 100 g or more in 100 g of water at 25 ° C.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is not particularly limited as long as it has one unsaturated double bond in the monomer.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer preferably excludes N-vinylacylamide.
- Specific examples of the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer include (meth) acrylamide, N-monomethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-monoethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-hydroxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, (Meta) acrylamide-based monomers such as N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide; N-vinyllactam-based monomers such as N-vinylpyrrolidone; hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, ( Hydroxy (meth) acrylates such as hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxypentyl (meth) acrylate; unsaturated amines such as N- (2-dimethyl
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Ra O represents the same or different oxyalkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms
- n represents the average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group represented by Ra O
- n represents 1 to 1. It is a number of 500
- x is an integer of 0 to 2
- y is 0 or 1) and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms include an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms (aliphatic alkyl group and an alicyclic alkyl group), an alkenyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and the like. Examples thereof include an alkynyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms and an aromatic group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably an aliphatic alkyl group.
- R 4 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably, carbon hydrogen atom or 1 to 12 carbon atoms It is a hydrogen group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- n is a number of 1 to 500, preferably 10 to 300, and more preferably 10 to 100.
- the unsaturated polyalkylene glycol alkenyl ether-based monomer represented by the general formula (1) can be produced by a conventionally known method.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer may be hydrolyzed when immersed in an aqueous solution of pH 12.9 at 25 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is hydrolyzed under strong alkaline conditions after 24 hours, it tends to exhibit water absorption performance after time (for example, 2 hours).
- the fact that the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is hydrolyzed when immersed in an aqueous solution of pH 12.9 at 25 ° C. for 24 hours is determined by the measurement result of the aqueous solution using liquid chromatography (LC). You can check.
- LC liquid chromatography
- Hydrolyzic (meth) acrylate and the like can be mentioned.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is not hydrolyzed when immersed in an aqueous solution of pH 12.9 at 25 ° C. for 2 hours.
- “not hydrolyzed” means that the rate of hydrolysis (hydrolysis rate) is 5% by mass or less.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer maintains its structure, so that it becomes difficult to develop water absorption in the initial stage.
- Examples of such nonionic non-crosslinkable monomers that do not hydrolyze at the initial stage include acrylamide and N, N-hydroxymethyl (meth) acrylamide.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is a (meth) acrylamide-based monomer, a hydroxy (meth) acrylate, and an unsaturated compound represented by the above general formula (1). It preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of saturated polyalkylene glycol alkenyl ether-based monomers, more preferably contains (meth) acrylamide-based monomers, and further preferably contains (meth) acrylamide. More preferably, it particularly preferably contains acrylamide. Furthermore, the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer may be only (meth) acrylamide or may be only acrylamide.
- the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer is a (meth) acrylamide-based monomer and an unsaturated polyalkylene glycol alkenyl ether-based monomer represented by the above general formula (1). It is a form used in combination.
- the content of the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer in the monomer mixture is 50 mol% or more.
- the content of the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer in the monomer mixture is 75 mol% or more, 80 mol% or more, 85 mol% or more, 90 in the preferred order because the water absorption performance is suppressed at the initial stage. It is mol% or more, 93 mol% or more, 95 mol% or more, 97 mol% or more, 98 mol% or more, 99 mol% or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer in the monomer mixture is preferably 99.9 mol% or less, preferably 99.85 mol% or less, from the viewpoint of ensuring water absorption performance. Is more preferable.
- the value obtained up to the second decimal place is adopted.
- Nonionic crosslinkable monomer is a monomer having two or more polymerizable unsaturated groups.
- a crosslinked structure is formed by the nonionic crosslinkable monomer, and the water absorption performance is improved.
- the nonionic crosslinkable monomer is preferably water-soluble because it can further exert the effects of the present invention.
- the water-soluble nonionic crosslinkable monomer is also referred to as a water-soluble nonionic crosslinkable monomer.
- the "water-soluble" in the water-soluble nonionic crosslinkable monomer refers to a monomer that dissolves 5 g or more in 100 g of water at 25 ° C.
- the water-soluble nonionic crosslinkable monomer is preferably dissolved in 10 g or more, more preferably 50 g or more, and further preferably 100 g or more in 100 g of water at 25 ° C.
- the nonionic crosslinkable monomer is not particularly limited, but is preferably a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated groups, for example, N, N'-methylenebis (meth) acrylamide and the like.
- Polyfunctional (meth) acrylates such as methylolpropantri (meth) acrylate and pentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate; cyanuric acid such as triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate; and allyl esters of isocyanuric acid; and the like can be mentioned. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the nonionic crosslinkable monomer is an allyl ester of (meth) acrylamide-based monomer cyanuric acid or isocyanuric acid and a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate, and a suitable nonionic non-crosslinkable single amount. Since the body is a (meth) acrylamide-based monomer and the long-term strength is also improved, it is preferable that the nonionic crosslinkable monomer also contains a (meth) acrylamide-based monomer, and N, N'-. It is more preferable to contain methylenebis (meth) acrylamide, and even more preferably to contain N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide.
- nonionic crosslinkable monomer may be only a (meth) acrylamide-based monomer, may be only N, N'-methylenebis (meth) acrylamide, or may be N, N'-methylene. It may be only bisacrylamide.
- the content of the nonionic crosslinkable monomer in the monomer mixture is 0.1 mol% or more.
- the effect of the present invention is exhibited when the content of the nonionic crosslinkable monomer is 0.1 mol% or more. Since the effect of the present invention that the viscosity of the cement composition at the initial stage of addition is low and the long-term strength is excellent is further enhanced, the content of the nonionic crosslinkable monomer in the monomer mixture is 0. It is 15 mol% or more, 0.2 mol% or more, 0.5 mol% or more. From the viewpoint of low viscosity of the cement composition at the initial stage of addition, the content of the nonionic crosslinkable monomer in the monomer mixture may be 0.8 mol% or more, and 1.0 mol%.
- the content of the nonionic crosslinkable monomer in the monomer mixture is preferably 8.0 mol% or less, more preferably 5.0 mol% or less, from the viewpoint of water absorption performance. , 3.0 mol% or less, more preferably.
- the nonionic crosslinkable monomer may be added in its entirety to the nonionic crosslinkable monomer aqueous solution prepared before the polymerization step, or a part thereof may be added after the polymerization is started.
- the anionic monomer refers to a monomer having an anionic functional group or a salt group thereof in the monomer.
- the anionic functional group means a functional group in which counter ions are dissociated to become anions (anionized).
- the content of the anionic monomer in the monomer mixture is 20 mol% or less.
- the content of the anionic monomer in the monomer mixture exceeds 20 mol%, water absorption by the water-absorbent resin occurs at the initial stage, for example, 5 minutes after the addition of water, and the viscosity of the cement composition rapidly increases.
- the content of the anionic monomer in the monomer mixture is less than 10 mol%, 5 mol% or less, 4 mol% or less, 3 mol% or less in the preferred order. It is 2 mol% or less, 1 mol% or less, and most preferably 0 mol% (that is, it does not contain anionic monomer).
- Examples of the cationic monomer include quaternized N-vinylimidazole, quaternized N-allyl imidazole, quaternized 4-vinylpyridine, and quaternized 1- [2- (acryloyloxy) ethyl]. Examples thereof include -1H-imidazole, 1- [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl] -1H-imidazole and salts thereof.
- the content of the cationic monomer in the monomer mixture is preferably 20 mol% or less, preferably less than 10 mol%, 5 mol% or less, 4 mol% or less, 3 Most preferably, it is mol% or less, 2 mol% or less, 1 mol% or less, and 0 mol% (that is, does not contain a cationic monomer).
- the water-absorbent resin does not contain ionic monomers (anionic and cationic monomers), that is, the water-absorbent resin is a nonionic non-crosslinkable monomer and It is a form obtained by polymerizing a nonionic crosslinkable monomer.
- the method for producing the water-absorbent resin is not particularly limited, and the water-absorbent resin can be produced by a conventionally known method.
- Examples of the polymerization method for obtaining the water-absorbent resin include spray polymerization, droplet polymerization, bulk polymerization, precipitation polymerization, aqueous solution polymerization, reverse phase suspension polymerization and the like, but here, aqueous solution polymerization is used as an example. List the manufacturing methods that were used.
- the aqueous solution is a concept including an aqueous dispersion.
- the aqueous solution of the monomer mixture may contain components constituting an additive for cement such as trace components (chelating agent, surfactant, dispersant, etc.).
- photodegradable polymerization initiator examples include benzoin derivatives, benzyl derivatives, acetophenone derivatives, benzophenone derivatives, azo compounds and the like. Specifically, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, ⁇ -methylbenzoin, ⁇ -phenylbenzoin, anthraquinone, methylanthraquinone, acetophenone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2.
- Such a photodegradable polymerization initiator may be a commercially available product, and the trade names of Ciba Specialty Chemicals are Irgacure (registered trademark) 184 (hydroxycyclohexyl-phenylketone) and Irgacure (registered trademark) 2959 (1- [4- (2-hydroxy). Ethoxy) -phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propane-1-one) and the like can be exemplified.
- thermally decomposable polymerization initiator examples include persulfates such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate; and peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, t-butyl peroxide, and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide; 2 , 2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride and the like.
- persulfates such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate
- peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, t-butyl peroxide, and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
- examples of the redox-based polymerization initiator include a system in which a reducing compound such as L-ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite is used in combination with the persulfate or peroxide.
- photodegradable polymerization initiator and the thermal decomposition initiator may be used in combination.
- active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays, electron beams, and ⁇ rays may be used alone or in combination with the above-mentioned polymerization initiator.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used is preferably 0.0001 to 1 mol%, more preferably 0.0005 to 0.5 mol%, based on the monomer.
- the polymerization step can be carried out at normal pressure, reduced pressure, or pressurization, but is preferably carried out at normal pressure (or its vicinity, usually ⁇ 10 mmHg).
- the temperature at the start of polymerization is preferably 15 to 130 ° C, more preferably 20 to 120 ° C, although it depends on the type of polymerization initiator used.
- the gel crusher that can be used is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a gel crusher having a plurality of rotary stirring blades such as a batch type or continuous double-arm type kneader, a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, and a meat chopper. And so on.
- a screw type extruder having a perforated plate at the tip is preferable, and examples thereof include a screw type extruder disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-063527.
- This step is a step of drying the hydrogel obtained through the above polymerization steps and the like to obtain a dried polymer.
- the above-mentioned polymerization step is aqueous solution polymerization
- gel pulverization fine granulation
- the dried polymer (aggregate) obtained in the drying step may be directly supplied to the pulverization step.
- the drying method is not particularly limited, and various methods can be adopted. Specific examples thereof include heat drying, hot air drying, vacuum drying, infrared drying, microwave drying, co-boiling dehydration drying with a hydrophobic organic solvent, and high humidity drying using high-temperature steam. Alternatively, the two types can be used in combination.
- the drying temperature is preferably 100 to 300 ° C, more preferably 120 to 250 ° C.
- the drying time depends on the surface area and water content of the hydrogel, the type of dryer, and the like, but is preferably 1 minute to 5 hours, for example.
- This step is a step of pulverizing and / or classifying the dried polymer obtained in the above drying step to obtain a water-absorbent resin having a specific particle size. It is different from the above (3) gel crushing step in that the crushed object has undergone a drying step. Further, the water-absorbent resin after the pulverization step may be referred to as a pulverized product.
- the particle size can be controlled in the polymerization step, the gel crushing step, or the crushing / classification step in the drying step, but it is particularly preferable to perform it in the classification step after drying.
- the additive for cement contains a water-absorbent resin as a main component.
- the main component means that it is 80% by mass or more of the cement additive, preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, and most preferably 98% by mass or more (upper limit is 100% by mass, that is, an additive for cement consisting only of a water-absorbent resin).
- the water-absorbent resin referred to in the present invention also includes a water-absorbent resin in which the obtained polymer is chemically modified (surface-modified or the like).
- the water-absorbent resin is a water-absorbent resin composed only of a polymer obtained by polymerizing the above-mentioned monomer mixture.
- the cement additive contains 0 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, respectively, of a surfactant, a color inhibitor, a reducing agent, etc. for the purpose of stabilizing the water-absorbent resin. It may contain 1% by mass.
- a second embodiment of the present invention is a cement admixture containing the cement additive and cement dispersant of the first embodiment.
- cement dispersant a conventionally known cement dispersant can be used.
- the cement dispersant include polyalkylaryl sulfonates such as naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate; melamine formalin resin sulfonates such as melamine sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate; aminoaryl sulfonic acid-phenol-formaldehyde condensate.
- Aromatic amino sulfonates such as; lignin sulfonates such as lignin sulfonates and modified lignin sulfonates; various sulfonic acid-based dispersants having sulfonic acid groups in molecules such as polystyrene sulfonates; Polyalkylene glycol mono (meth) acrylic acid ester-based monomers, (meth) acrylic acid-based monomers, and these, as described in JP-A-59-18338 and JP-A-7-223852.
- the content mass ratio of the cement dispersant in the cement admixture and the cement additive is preferably 1: 0.1 to 10, and more preferably 1: 0.5 to 5.
- a third embodiment of the present invention is a cement composition containing the cement additive and cement of the first embodiment.
- White Portoland cement alumina cement, ultra-fast-hardening cement (1 clinker fast-hardening cement, 2 clinker fast-hardening cement, magnesium phosphate cement), grout cement, oil well cement, low heat-generating cement (low-heat-generating blast furnace cement, fly ash mixed low) Heat-generating blast furnace cement, belite-rich cement), ultra-high-strength cement, cement-based solidifying material, eco-cement (cement manufactured from one or more of municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash) and the like.
- fine powder such as blast furnace slag, fly ash, cinder ash, clinker ash, husk ash, silica powder, limestone powder and gypsum may be added to the cement composition.
- the cement contained in the cement composition of the present invention may be only one kind or two or more kinds.
- any appropriate values can be set as the unit water amount per 1 m 3 of the cement composition, the amount of cement used, and the water / cement ratio.
- unit water is 100kg / m 3 ⁇ 185kg / m 3
- the amount of cement used is 250kg / m 3 ⁇ 800kg / m 3
- water / cement ratio (mass ratio) It is 0.1 to 0.7, more preferably the unit water amount is 120 kg / m 3 to 180 kg / m 3
- the amount of cement used is 270 kg / m 3 to 800 kg / m 3
- the water / cement ratio ( Mass ratio) 0.12 to 0.65.
- any appropriate aggregate such as fine aggregate (sand, etc.) or coarse aggregate (crushed stone, etc.) can be adopted.
- aggregates include sand (land sand and the like), crushed stones, granulated slag, and recycled aggregates.
- examples of such aggregates include refractory aggregates such as silica stone, clay, zircon, high alumina, silicon carbide, graphite, chromium, chromag, and magnesia.
- the content mass ratio of the cement dispersant and the cement additive in the cement composition is preferably 1: 0.1 to 10, and more preferably 1: 0.5 to 5.
- the content ratio of the cement dispersant in the cement composition may be any appropriate content ratio depending on the intended purpose, and is, for example, 0.01 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement.
- Curing retardant Oxycarboxylic acid such as gluconic acid, glucoheptonic acid, arabonic acid, malic acid, citric acid or a salt thereof; simple such as glucose, fructose, galactose, mannitol, xylose, arabinose, ribose, isomerized sugar and the like.
- Sugars disaccharides such as maltose, shoe claus and lactose; trisaccharides such as raffinose; oligosaccharides such as dextrin erythritol, xylitol, D-arabinitol, L-arabinitol, rivitol, volemitol, persetol, sorbitol, mannitol, galactitol, D -Sugars or sugar alcohols such as traytoll, L-treitol, D-iditol, D-glycidol, D-erythro D-galacto-octitol; polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin; phosphonic acid such as aminotri (methylenephosphonic acid) and Its derivatives etc.
- Fast-strengthening agent / accelerator soluble calcium salts such as calcium chloride, calcium nitrite, calcium nitrate, calcium bromide, calcium iodide; chlorides such as iron chloride and magnesium chloride; sulfates; potassium hydroxide; Sodium hydroxide; carbonate; thiosulfate; formates such as formic acid and calcium nitrate; alkanolamine; alumina cement; calcium aluminate silicate and the like.
- Oxyalkylene-based defoaming agent polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers such as diethylene glycol heptyl ether; polyoxyalkylene acetylene ethers; (poly) oxyalkylene fatty acid esters; polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid esters; polyoxyalkylene alkyl (Aryl) ether sulfate ester salts; polyoxyalkylene alkyl phosphate esters; polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene laurylamine (addition of 1 to 20 mol of propylene oxide, addition of 1 to 20 mol of ethylene oxide, etc.) and alkylene oxide were added.
- polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers such as diethylene glycol heptyl ether; polyoxyalkylene acetylene ethers; (poly) oxyalkylene fatty acid esters; polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid esters; polyoxyalkylene alkyl (Aryl)
- the cement composition may be effective for ready-mixed concrete, concrete for secondary concrete products, concrete for centrifugal molding, concrete for vibration compaction, steam-cured concrete, sprayed concrete, and the like.
- Cement compositions include medium-fluidity concrete (concrete with a slump value of 22 to 25 cm), high-fluidity concrete (concrete with a slump value of 25 cm or more and a slump flow value of 50 to 70 cm), self-filling concrete, self-leveling material, etc. It can also be effective for mortar and concrete that require high fluidity.
- the cement composition may be prepared by blending the constituent components by any appropriate method. For example, a method of kneading the constituents in a mixer can be mentioned.
- a fourth embodiment of the present invention is an aggregate composition containing the cement additive and aggregate of the first embodiment. By using both in combination, the uniformity becomes good when added to the cement composition.
- the aggregate the aggregate described in the section of the cement composition of the third embodiment can be used.
- the content mass ratio of the cement additive and the aggregate in the aggregate composition any appropriate content ratio can be adopted depending on the purpose.
- the content ratio of the cement additive (or water-absorbent resin) to 100 parts by mass of the aggregate is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.02 to 5 parts by mass. It is a department.
- a fifth embodiment of the present invention is a molded product obtained by molding a cement composition.
- the formation of the molded body is not particularly limited, and is performed by a conventionally known method.
- the molding method include a method in which the cement composition is poured into a mold, the mold is cured, and then the mold is removed, or a molded product in which the cement composition is poured into the mold and then removed from the mold. There is a method of curing the body.
- the curing method is not particularly limited, and may be any of underwater curing, sealing curing, and aerial curing. Moreover, you may apply a curing agent and cure.
- the molded product of the fifth embodiment can be used for various purposes.
- Specific examples thereof include structures such as buildings; concrete structures such as columns, piles, and gutters.
- a sixth embodiment of the present invention is a method for improving the strength of a molded product obtained by molding a cement composition containing cement, which comprises incorporating the cement additive of the first embodiment into the cement composition. This is a method for improving the strength of a molded product.
- the strength of the molded product may exceed 100%, preferably 103% or more, more preferably 105% or more, and more preferably 109%, as compared with the strength of the molded product before the addition of the cement additive. Even more preferably, it is% or more.
- the strength of the molded product after the addition of the cement additive the value measured by sealing and curing for 27 days by the method described in the following Examples is adopted.
- 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 45 to 850 ⁇ m. Further, 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 100 to 850 ⁇ m. This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 45 to 850 ⁇ m. Further, 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 100 to 850 ⁇ m. This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 45 to 850 ⁇ m. Further, 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 100 to 850 ⁇ m. This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- the obtained gel-like polymer (hydrous gel) is subdivided using a cutter, dried with hot air at 130 ° C. for 3 hours, pulverized with a mixer, and then sieved using JIS standard sieves with openings of 500 ⁇ m and 250 ⁇ m. Then, it passed through a sieve having a mesh size of 500 ⁇ m, and the powdery water-absorbent resin remaining on the sieve having a mesh size of 250 ⁇ m was collected. 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 45 to 850 ⁇ m. Furthermore, 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 100 to 850 ⁇ m. This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 45 to 850 ⁇ m. Furthermore, 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 100 to 850 ⁇ m. This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 45 to 850 ⁇ m. Furthermore, 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 100 to 850 ⁇ m. This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- acrylamide, hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol (isoprenol) hydroxyl groups to which ethylene oxide is added (average number of moles of ethylene oxide added 50), and triallyl isocyanurate are simply composed.
- 40 mol% of acrylamide, 40 mol% of hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol (isocyanol) were added with ethylene oxide (average number of moles of ethylene oxide added 50) 17 Mol%, and triallyl isocyanurate 3 mol%.
- the obtained gel-like polymer (hydrous gel) is subdivided using a cutter, dried with hot air at 130 ° C. for 3 hours, pulverized with a mixer, and then sieved using JIS standard sieves with openings of 500 ⁇ m and 250 ⁇ m. Then, it passed through a sieve having an opening of 500 ⁇ m, and the powdery water-absorbent resin remaining on the sieve having an opening of 250 ⁇ m was collected. 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 45 to 850 ⁇ m. This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- a single amount consisting of acrylamide, hydroxyethyl acrylate, ethylene oxide added to the hydroxyl group of 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol (isoprenol) (average number of moles of ethylene oxide added 50), and diethylene glycol diacrylate.
- 40 mol% of acrylamide, 40 mol% of hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 17 mol of ethylene oxide added to the hydroxyl groups of 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol (isoprenol) average number of moles of ethylene oxide added 50.
- %, And 3 mol% of diethylene glycol diacrylate 3 mol% of diethylene glycol diacrylate.
- the classification was carried out in the same manner as in [117] to [119] of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-040386 to obtain a powdery water-absorbent resin.
- This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- the average particle size of the powdered water-absorbent resin was 50 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of Comparative Production Examples 2 and 3 was measured as follows; using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution device LA-920 manufactured by HORIBA, distribution form: standard, particle size standard: volume, graph. After setting to the form: bar graph, methanol was put into the sample bath to bleed air and adjust the optical axis.
- the sample was placed in a sample bath, and at the same time as the sample was charged, ultrasonic waves were applied for 2 minutes, and then the sample concentration was adjusted so that the transmittance was 81 to 88%.
- the measurement was carried out after adjusting the sample concentration and then performing ultrasonic treatment again for 2 minutes.
- the classification was carried out in the same manner as in [123] to [125] of JP-A-2015-0438386 to obtain a powdery water-absorbent resin.
- This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- the average particle size of the powdered water-absorbent resin was 15 ⁇ m.
- 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 45 to 850 ⁇ m. Furthermore, 90% by mass or more of the powdered water-absorbent resin was in the range of 100 to 850 ⁇ m. This powdery water-absorbent resin was used as an additive for cement.
- the tea bag was placed on a Kim towel with the opposite side facing down and allowed to stand for 5 seconds to drain the liquid, and then the mass (W2 (g)) of the tea bag was measured. Separately, the same operation was performed without using a water-absorbent resin, and the mass (W3 (g)) of the tea bag at that time was determined as a blank.
- the water absorption ratio calculated according to the following formula was taken as the liquid absorption capacity.
- Table 1 below shows the water absorption ratio of each powdered water-absorbent resin.
- the powdered water-absorbent resins of Production Examples 1 to 15 have a water absorption ratio of 20 g / g or less after 5 minutes, and less than 20 g / g even after 2 hours. On the other hand, after 28 days, it had a high water absorption ratio of 29 g / g or more.
- the powdered water-absorbent resins of Comparative Production Examples 1 to 3 had a water absorption ratio of more than 20 g / g after 5 minutes had passed.
- the powdery water-absorbent resin of Comparative Production Example 4 was 20 g / g or less after 5 minutes, but exceeded 20 g / g after 2 hours. From this result, it can be seen that the powdered water-absorbent resins of Production Examples 1 to 15 do not have very high water-absorbing performance at the initial stage of water addition (up to about 2 hours), but exhibit high water-absorbing performance over time. ..
- the powdery water absorption resin preferably has a water absorption ratio of 20 g / g or less, more preferably 15 g / g or less, and 13 g / g or less after being immersed for 5 minutes. It is more preferably 12 g / g or less, particularly preferably 11 g / g or less, and most preferably 10 g / g or less.
- the composition of mortar is 587 g of ordinary Portland cement manufactured by Pacific Cement Co., Ltd. (amount not including the added water-absorbent resin below), 1350 g of standard sand for cement strength test conforming to JIS-R5201-1997, manufactured. 264.1 g of ion-exchanged water containing the copolymer aqueous solution (cement dispersant) obtained in Examples A to H and a defoaming agent (the copolymer solid content content with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement is 0.11 to 0.31). Parts by mass, Table 2) below and powdered water-absorbent resin.
- the powdery water-absorbent resin was added in advance by 0.3 parts by mass (0.1 parts by mass in Examples 12 and 13) with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement and mixed with cement.
- the defoaming agent was added for the purpose of avoiding the influence of air bubbles on the dispersibility of the mortar composition, and the amount of air was adjusted to 4.0% or less.
- an oxyalkylene defoaming agent was used in an amount such that it was 0.1% with respect to the copolymer.
- the amount of air in the mortar was larger than 4.0%, the amount of antifoaming agent added was adjusted so that the amount of air was 4.0% or less.
- the mortar was prepared at room temperature (20 ⁇ 2 ° C.) in 4 minutes and 30 seconds using a Hobart type mortar mixer (model number N-50, manufactured by Hobart). Specifically, a specified amount of cement and powdered water-absorbent resin were placed in a kneading pot, attached to a kneader, and started at a low speed. Fifteen seconds after starting the paddle, water containing the specified amount of cement dispersant and defoamer was added in 15 seconds. Then, sand was added and kneaded at low speed for 30 seconds, then at high speed, and kneading was continued for 30 seconds.
- a Hobart type mortar mixer model number N-50, manufactured by Hobart
- Specimen preparation 50 mm x 100 mm
- Specimen curing 1 (sealed on 28th): After performing constant temperature and humidity air curing at a temperature of about 20 ° C and humidity for 24 hours, the mold is removed from the mold so that water cannot be exchanged between the mortar surface and the outside. After wrapping the specimen in a poly film, the specimen was placed in a plastic bag, sealed, and sealed and cured for 27 days.
- Specimen curing 2 (in the air on the 28th): After performing constant temperature and humidity air curing at a temperature of about 20 ° C. and humidity of 60% for 24 hours, the mold was removed from the mold and the specimen was left to stand in the same environment. , 27 days of aerial curing was carried out.
- Specimen polishing Specimen surface polishing (using specimen polishing finishing machine)
- Compression strength measurement Automatic compression strength measuring device (Maekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd.)
- evaluation method 2 Rohto flow test method
- a rubber stopper was attached to the lower end of the J14 funnel (upper end inner diameter 70 mm, lower end inner diameter 14 mm, height 392 mm) specified in the Japan Society of Civil Engineers standard JSCE-F541, and it was supported vertically by a stand. Next, an electronic scale for measuring the amount of mortar that flowed out was installed below the lower end of the J14 funnel.
- the obtained mortar was poured to the upper surface of the J14 funnel and the upper surface was smoothed. Next, the rubber stopper was removed to allow the mortar to flow out, and the time from the start of the mortar outflow to the flow down of 1200 g was measured with a stopwatch, and this was taken as the funnel flow-down time.
- Example 1 to 13 Comparative Examples 9 and 17 are Comparative Example 1
- Example 14 Comparative Example 10 is Comparative Example 2
- Example 15 and Comparative Example 11 are Comparative Example 3.
- Comparative Example 12 is Comparative Example 4
- Example 17 Comparative Example 13 is Comparative Example 5
- Example 18, Comparative Example 14 is Comparative Example 6,
- Example 19 and Comparative Example 15 are Comparative Example 7.
- Example 20 and Comparative Example 16 are% of each strength when Comparative Example 8 is 100%, respectively.
- the cement composition using the cement additive of the example the same flow value was obtained with the same amount of dispersant as in Comparative Examples 1 to 8 to which the cement additive was not added. Further, in the cement composition having the same flow value (fluidity), the cement composition using the cement additive of the example is the same as the cement composition using the cement additive of Comparative Examples 9 to 17. The amount of cement dispersant was smaller than that. Further, it was found that the cement composition using the cement additive of the example had a low viscosity and was excellent in pumping property because the flow time was short. In addition, the cement composition using the cement additive of the example had improved strength in sealing and aerial curing on 28 days as compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 8 to which the cement additive was not added.
- seal curing and aerial curing are the curing conditions for the actual structure. It is considered that the seal curing indicates the strength of the inside of the structure, and the aerial curing indicates the strength of the surface of the structure. Since the cement composition of the example has a significantly higher strength improving effect in sealing and aerial curing as compared with the comparative example in which no cement additive is added, it is expected that the strength of the actual structure will be improved. Will be done.
- Comparative Examples 9 to 16 using a powdery water-absorbent resin (Comparative Production Example 1) in which the anionic monomer exceeds 20 mol% in the monomer mixture, and the nonionic crosslinkable monomer are monomers.
- Comparative Example 17 using a powdery water-absorbent resin (Comparative Production Example 4) containing less than 0.1 mol% in the mixture it is necessary to add a large amount of dispersant in order to obtain the same flow value (fluidity). there were. Further, since the cement compositions of Comparative Examples 9 to 17 had a long flow time, they had high viscosity and were inferior in terms of work.
- Evaluation method 3 Concrete test and strength test method
- Ordinary Portland cement manufactured by Pacific Cement
- land sand from Oigawa water system is used as fine aggregate
- crushed stone from Qinghai is used as coarse aggregate
- tap water is used as kneading water.
- cement 382 kg / m 3
- water 172 kg / m 3
- Fine aggregate 796 kg / m 3
- Coarse aggregate 930 kg / m 3
- Fine aggregate ratio fine aggregate / fine coarse aggregate + coarse aggregate
- volume ratio 47%
- the powdery water-absorbent resin was added in advance by 0.3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement and mixed with cement.
- the materials used for measurement, the forced kneading mixer, and the measuring instruments were adjusted under the above-mentioned measurement temperature atmosphere so that the temperature of the cement composition became the measurement temperature of 20 ° C., and the kneading and each measurement were carried out as described above.
- the measurement was performed in an atmosphere of temperature. Further, in order to avoid the influence of air bubbles in the cement composition on the fluidity of the cement composition, an oxyalkylene defoaming agent is used as necessary so that the amount of air is 4.5 ⁇ 0.5%. Adjusted to.
- Specimen preparation 100 mm x 200 mm
- Specimen curing 28th: After 24 hours of constant temperature and humidity air curing at a temperature of about 20 ° C and humidity of 60%, the specimen was wrapped in a plastic film so that water could not be exchanged between the concrete surface and the outside. After that, it was placed in a plastic bag, sealed, and sealed and cured for 27 days.
- Specimen polishing Specimen surface polishing (using specimen polishing finishing machine)
- Compression strength measurement Automatic compression strength measuring device (Maekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd.) The results are shown in Table 3 below.
- V funnel as an index showing the viscosity of concrete
- Flow test method using a high-fluidity concrete funnel (draft) (JSCE-F512-2007)" (JSCE Concrete Committee, Criteria-related Subcommittee Edition, " Concrete standard specifications established in 2007 [Standards] Japan Society of Civil Engineers Standards and Related Standards ”, Japan Society of Civil Engineers, May 2007, 1st printing, p.198-199) for fresh concrete immediately after filling
- the V-roto flow time was measured.
- the cement composition using the cement additive of the example obtained the same flow value as that of Comparative Example 18 to which the cement additive was not added, with a dispersant amount equivalent to or smaller than that. It was. Further, in the cement composition having the same flow value (fluidity), the cement composition using the cement additive of the example is the same as the cement composition using the cement additive of Comparative Examples 19 to 21. The amount of cement dispersant was smaller than that. Further, it was found that the cement composition using the cement additive of the example had a low viscosity and was excellent in pumping property because the flow time was short. In addition, the cement composition using the cement additive of the example had improved strength in sealing and aerial curing on the 28th as compared with Comparative Example 18 in which the cement additive was not added.
- Comparative Examples 19 to 21 using the powdery water-absorbent resin (Comparative Production Examples 1 to 3) in which the anionic monomer exceeds 20 mol% in the monomer mixture, the same flow value (fluidity) was obtained. In order to obtain it, it was necessary to add a large amount of dispersant. Further, the cement compositions of Comparative Examples 19 to 21 had a high viscosity and were inferior in terms of work because the flow time was long.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第一実施形態は、吸水性樹脂を含む、セメント用添加剤であって、吸水性樹脂が、ノニオン性非架橋性単量体50モル%以上およびノニオン性架橋性単量体0.1モル%以上含む単量体混合物を重合してなり、単量体混合物中、アニオン性単量体の含有量が20モル%以下である、セメント用添加剤である。
本明細書において「吸水性樹脂」とは、ERT441.2-02により規定される水膨潤性(CRC)が5g/g以上であり、および可溶成分が50質量%以下である高分子ゲル化剤をいう。「ERT」は、EDANA(欧州不織布工業会(European Disposables and Nonwovens Associations)の略称)が制定している、欧州標準(実質的な世界標準)の吸水性樹脂の測定法(EDANA Recommended Test Methods)の略称である。本明細書では、特に断りのない限り、2002年版のERTに準拠して、吸水性樹脂の物性を測定する。
ノニオン性非架橋性単量体は、吸水性樹脂を構成する単量体成分の主成分である。ノニオン性非架橋性単量体は、単量体中、不飽和二重結合を一つ有するものを指す。
ノニオン性架橋性単量体は、2個以上の重合性不飽和基を有する単量体である。ノニオン性架橋性単量体によって架橋構造(架橋体)が形成され、吸水性能が向上する。
アニオン性単量体とは、単量体中にアニオン性官能基またはその塩の基を有する単量体を指す。アニオン性官能基とは、カウンターイオンが解離してアニオンとなる(アニオン化する)官能基を意味する。
吸水性樹脂の製造方法としては、特に限定されるものではなく、従来公知の方法により製造することができる。吸水性樹脂を得るための重合方法として、噴霧重合、液滴重合、バルク重合、沈殿重合、水溶液重合又は逆相懸濁重合等を挙げることができるが、ここでは、一例として、水溶液重合を用いた製造方法を挙げる。
本工程は、重合体を構成する各単量体を溶媒である水に溶解させて単量体混合物水溶液を調製する工程である。
水溶液重合は、分散溶媒を用いずに単量体水溶液を重合する方法であり、例えば、米国特許第4625001号、同第4873299号、同第4286082号、同第4973632号、同第4985518号、同第5124416号、同第5250640号、同第5264495号、同第5145906号、同第5380808号、欧州特許第0811636号、同第0955086号、同第0922717号等に開示されている。
本工程は、上記重合工程等(特に水溶液重合)を経て得られる、ゲル状架橋重合体(以下、「含水ゲル」と称する)をゲル粉砕し、粒子状の含水ゲル(以下、「粒子状含水ゲル」と称する)を得る任意の工程である。
本工程は、上記重合工程等を経て得られる含水ゲルを乾燥して乾燥重合体を得る工程である。尚、上記重合工程が水溶液重合である場合、含水ゲルの乾燥前及び/又は乾燥後に、ゲル粉砕(細粒化)が行われる。また、乾燥工程で得られる乾燥重合体(凝集物)はそのまま粉砕工程に供給されてもよい。
本工程は、上記乾燥工程で得られた乾燥重合体を、粉砕及び/又は分級して、好ましくは特定粒度の吸水性樹脂を得る工程である。尚、上記(3)ゲル粉砕工程とは、粉砕対象物が乾燥工程を経ている点で異なる。また、粉砕工程後の吸水性樹脂を粉砕物と称することもある。
セメント用添加剤は、吸水性樹脂を主成分とする。ここで、主成分とは、セメント用添加剤の80質量%以上であることを指し、好ましくは90質量%以上、さらに好ましくは95質量%以上、最も好ましくは98質量%以上である(上限は100質量%、すなわち、吸水性樹脂のみからなるセメント用添加剤)。なお、本発明でいう吸水性樹脂は、得られた重合体に何らかの化学的修飾(表面修飾等)がなされた吸水性樹脂も含む。好ましくは、吸水性樹脂は、上記単量体混合物を重合してなる重合体のみからなる吸水性樹脂である。
本発明の第二実施形態は、第一実施形態のセメント用添加剤およびセメント分散剤を含む、セメント混和剤である。両者を組み合わせて用いることで、セメント組成物に添加した際に、セメント分散剤の添加量が少ない領域であってもセメントの分散性が担保されるとともにセメント組成物の粘性が低く維持され、また、成形体の長期強度が向上する。
本発明の第三実施形態は、第一実施形態のセメント用添加剤およびセメントを含む、セメント組成物である。
本発明の第四実施形態は、第一実施形態のセメント用添加剤および骨材を含む、骨材組成物である。両者を組み合わせて用いることで、セメント組成物に添加した際に、均一性が良好となる。骨材としては上記第三実施形態のセメント組成物の欄で記載した骨材を用いることができる。
本発明の第五実施形態は、セメント組成物を成形してなる、成形体である。
本発明の第六実施形態は、セメントを含むセメント組成物を成形してなる成形体の強度向上方法であって、セメント組成物に第一実施形態のセメント用添加剤を含有させることを有する、成形体の強度向上方法である。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド29.9g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.0974gおよび水45.6gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド99.85モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.15モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液12.53gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液12.01gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらに、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド59.34g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.647gおよび水191.51gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド99.49モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.51モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.89gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液23.86gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらに、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド58.73g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.276gおよび水191.96gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド99.00モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.00モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.66gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液23.64gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらに、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド33.53g、ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート25.43g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.039gおよび水200.55gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレートおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド70.00モル%、ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート29.00モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.00モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液20.05gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液19.4gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド42.4g、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート16.45g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.15gおよび水196.34gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド80.00モル%、ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート19.00モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.00モル%である。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド58.73g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.276gおよび水191.96gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド99.00モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.00モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.66gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液23.64gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き710μmおよび500μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き710μmの篩を通過し、目開き500μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド58.73g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.276gおよび水191.96gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド99.00モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.00モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.66gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液23.64gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き250μmおよび125μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き250μmの篩を通過し、目開き125μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド47.92g、アクリル酸10.8g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.283gおよび水191.27gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリル酸、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリル酸18.00モル%、アクリルアミド81.00モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.00モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.77gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液23.96gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド53.86g、アクリル酸4.96g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.18gおよび水191.2gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリル酸、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリル酸9.00モル%、アクリルアミド90.00モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.00モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.81gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液24gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド56.31g、アクリル酸2.4g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.286gおよび水191.18gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリル酸、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリル酸4.00モル%、アクリルアミド95.00モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.00モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.82gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液24.01gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド60.87g、トリアリルイソシアヌレート2.13gおよび水186.37gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミドおよびトリアリルイソシアヌレートからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド99.00モル%、トリアリルイソシアヌレート1.00モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液26gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液24.92gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド3.8g、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート6.21g、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたものを51.99g、トリアリルイソシアヌレート1.0gおよび水229.02gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたもの、およびトリアリルイソシアヌレートからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド40モル%、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート40モル%、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたもの17モル%、およびトリアリルイソシアヌレート3モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液4.096gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液3.927gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド1.34g、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたものを61.31g、トリアリルイソシアヌレート0.35gおよび水234.19gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミド、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたもの、およびトリアリルイソシアヌレートからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド40モル%、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたもの57モル%、およびトリアリルイソシアヌレート3モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液1.44gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液1.381gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド3.83g、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートを6.25g、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたものを52.38g、ジエチレングリコールジアクリレートを0.54gおよび水228.96gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたもの、およびジエチレングリコールジアクリレートからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド40モル%、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート40モル%、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたもの17モル%、およびジエチレングリコールジアクリレート3モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液4.126gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液3.956gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにヒドロキシエチルアクリレートを52.88g、2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸ナトリウムを9.44g、ジエチレングリコールジアクリレートを0.68gおよび水207.37gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸ナトリウム、およびジエチレングリコールジアクリレートからなる単量体混合物中、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート90モル%、2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸ナトリウム9モル%、およびジエチレングリコールジアクリレート1モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液15.21gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液14.58gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド41.06g、アクリル酸18.74g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.19gおよび水91.20gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリル酸、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリル酸31.00モル%、アクリルアミド68.85モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.15モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、2%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.80gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液23.99gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド41.06g、アクリル酸18.74g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.19gおよび水91.20gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリル酸、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリル酸31.00モル%、アクリルアミド68.85モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.15モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、2%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.80gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液23.99gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち分級を行った。分級は、特開2015-048386号公報の[117]~[119]と同様の操作で実施し、粉末状吸水性樹脂を得た。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。粉末状吸水性樹脂の平均粒子径は50μmであった。なお、比較製造例2、3の平均粒子径は以下のようにして測定した;レーザー回析式粒度分布装置HORIBA社製 LA-920を使用し、分布形態:標準、粒子径基準:体積、グラフ形態:棒グラフ、に設定した後、試料バスにメタノールを入れて空気抜き及び光軸調整を行った。次にサンプルを試料バスに入れ、サンプルを投入したと同時に、超音波を2分かけた後、透過率が81~88%になるようサンプル濃度を調整した。測定は、サンプル濃度調整後、再度超音波処理を2分行った後に実施した。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド41.06g、アクリル酸18.74g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.19gおよび水91.20gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリル酸、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリル酸31.00モル%、アクリルアミド68.85モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.15モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、2%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.80gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液23.99gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち分級を行った。分級は、特開2015-048386号公報の[123]~[125]と同様の操作で実施し、粉末状吸水性樹脂を得た。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。粉末状吸水性樹脂の平均粒子径は15μmであった。
1000mlの円筒型セパラブルフラスコにアクリルアミド59.99g、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.013gおよび水191.07gを仕込み、均一に溶解させた。ここで、アクリルアミドおよびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミドからなる単量体混合物中、アクリルアミド99.99モル%、N,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.01モル%である。フラスコ内を窒素置換したのち、湯浴上で45℃に加熱し、1%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液24.87gおよび0.1%L-アスコルビン酸水溶液24.06gを添加し、攪拌を停止して重合させた。重合開始後発熱し、10分後に80℃まで上昇した。液温の上昇が停止した時点で浴温を80℃まで昇温させ、30分間熟成を行なった。得られたゲル状重合体(含水ゲル)をカッターを用いて細分化したのち、130℃で3時間熱風乾燥し、ミキサーで粉砕したのち、目開き500μmおよび250μmのJIS標準篩を用いて篩分し、目開き500μmの篩を通過し、目開き250μmの篩上に残った粉末状吸水性樹脂を採取した。粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にあった。さらには、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、90質量%以上が100~850μmの範囲にあった。この粉末状吸水性樹脂をセメント用添加剤として用いた。
CaSO4・2H2Oを1.72g、Na2SO4を6.96g、K2SO4を4.76g、KOHを7.12g、脱イオン水を979.4g混合し、吸水試験用の溶液を調製した(pH12.9)。
ジムロート冷却管、テフロン(登録商標)製の撹拌翼と撹拌シール付の撹拌器、窒素導入管、温度センサーを備えたガラス製反応容器にイオン交換水80.0部を仕込み、250rpmで撹拌下、窒素を200mL/分で導入しながら70℃まで加温した。次に、メトキシポリエチレングリコールモノメタクリル酸エステル(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数9個)133.4部、メタクリル酸26.6部、メルカプトプロピオン酸1.53部およびイオン交換水106.7部の混合溶液を4時間かけて滴下し、それと同時に過硫酸アンモニウム1.19部とイオン交換水50.6部の混合溶液を5時間かけて滴下した。滴下完了後1時間、70℃に保って重合反応を完結させた。そして、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液で中和して、セメント分散剤である重合体を含むポリカルボン酸系共重合体水溶液を得た(固形分約46.0質量%)。
ジムロート冷却管、テフロン(登録商標)製の撹拌翼と撹拌シール付の撹拌器、窒素導入管、温度センサーを備えたガラス製反応容器に、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール(イソプレノール)の水酸基にエチレンオキシドを付加(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)させたもの(以下、IPN-50と称す)(80%水溶液)198.2部、アクリル酸0.32部、過酸化水素水(2%水溶液)12.47部、イオン交換水44.75部を仕込み、250rpmで撹拌下、窒素を200mL/分で導入しながら58℃まで加温した。次に、アクリル酸27.12部、イオン交換水108.5部からなる混合溶液を3時間かけ滴下し、それと同時にL-アスコルビン酸0.74部、3-メルカプトプロピオン酸1.61部、イオン交換水86.31部からなる混合溶液を3時間30分かけて滴下した。滴下完了後1時間、58℃に保って重合反応を完結させた。そして、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液で中和して、セメント分散剤である重合体を含むポリカルボン酸系共重合体水溶液を得た(固形分約48.0質量%)。
特開2018-111622号公報の製造例C-1の製造方法にしたがってセメント分散剤である重合体を含むポリカルボン酸系共重合体水溶液を得た(固形分約40質量%)。
特開2018-111622号公報の製造例C-3の製造方法にしたがってセメント分散剤である重合体を含むポリカルボン酸系共重合体水溶液を得た(固形分約40質量%)。
特開2018-111622号公報の製造例C-4の製造方法にしたがってセメント分散剤である重合体を含むポリカルボン酸系共重合体水溶液を得た(固形分約40質量%)。
分散剤としてマイティ150(ナフタレンスルホン酸塩のホルマリン縮合物、花王社製、固形分約40質量%)を用いた。
分散剤としてマスターポゾリスNo.8(リグニンスルホン酸化合物、BASFジャパン社製、固形分約100質量%)を用いた。
特表2008-517080号公報記載の方法に準じて縮合反応を行い、ポリエチレングリコール(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数:20モル)モノフェニルエーテルとフェノキシエタノールホスフェートのホルムアルデヒドによる縮合によって、ポリエチレングリコール(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数:20モル)モノフェニルエーテルとフェノキシエタノールホスフェートの比率が30/70(モル%)、重量平均分子量(Mw)が25000の縮合体を含有するリン酸系分散剤の水溶液を得た。
JIS-R5201-1997に準拠した機械練り用練混ぜ機、さじ、フローテーブル、フローコーンおよび突き棒を使用した。この際、特記しない限りは、JIS-R5201-1997に準拠してモルタル試験を行なった。
供試体養生1(28日封緘):温度約20℃、湿度60%、恒温恒湿空気養生を24時間行った後、型枠から脱型し、モルタル表面と外部との水のやりとりができない様に供試体をポリフィルムで包んだ後、ポリ袋に入れ密閉し、27日間封緘養生を実施した。
圧縮強度測定:自動圧縮強度測定器(前川製作所)
[評価方法2:ロート流下試験方法]
ポンプ圧送時の配管通過性評価として、モルタルのロート流下試験を実施した。モルタルが途中で閉塞することなく、しかも短時間で流下したものは配管通過性が良好と判断した。ロート流下試験の具体的な方法は以下のとおりである。
セメントとして普通ポルトランドセメント(太平洋セメント社製)、細骨材として大井川水系産陸砂、粗骨材として青海産砕石、混練水として水道水を用い、セメント:382kg/m3、水:172kg/m3、細骨材:796kg/m3、粗骨材:930kg/m3、細骨材率(細骨材/細粗骨材+粗骨材)(容積比):47%、セメント用分散剤および粉末状吸水性樹脂 下記表3に記載の配合比、水/セメント比(質量比)=0.45の配合にてセメント組成物を調製した。なお、粉末状吸水性樹脂は、予めセメント100質量部に対して0.3質量部添加して、セメントと混合させた。
供試体作製:100mm×200mm
供試体養生(28日):温度約20℃、湿度60%、恒温恒湿空気養生を24時間行った後、コンクリート表面と外部との水のやりとりができない様に供試体をポリフィルムで包んだ後、ポリ袋に入れ密閉し、27日間封緘養生を実施した。
供試体研磨:供試体面研磨(供試体研磨仕上げ機使用)
圧縮強度測定:自動圧縮強度測定器(前川製作所)
結果を下記表3に記載した。
ポンプ圧送時の配管通過性評価として、モルタルのロート流下試験を実施した。モルタルが途中で閉塞することなく、しかも短時間で流下したものは配管通過性が良好と判断した。ロート流下試験の具体的な方法は以下のとおりである。
Claims (15)
- 吸水性樹脂を含む、セメント用添加剤であって、
前記吸水性樹脂が、ノニオン性非架橋性単量体50モル%以上およびノニオン性架橋性単量体0.1モル%以上含む単量体混合物を重合してなり、
前記単量体混合物中、アニオン性単量体の含有量が20モル%以下である、セメント用添加剤。 - 前記吸水性樹脂を、pH12.9の水溶液(ここで、pH12.9の水溶液は、CaSO4・2H2O1.72g、Na2SO46.96g、K2SO44.76g、KOH7.12gおよび脱イオン水979.4gを混合した水溶液)に25℃で2時間浸漬した場合の吸水倍率が20g/g未満である、請求項1に記載のセメント用添加剤。
- 前記吸水性樹脂を、前記pH12.9の水溶液に25℃で28日間浸漬した場合の吸水倍率が20g/g以上である、請求項1または2に記載のセメント用添加剤。
- 前記吸水性樹脂の90質量%以上が45~850μmの範囲にある、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のセメント用添加剤。
- 前記ノニオン性非架橋性単量体が水溶性である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のセメント用添加剤。
- 前記ノニオン性非架橋性単量体が(メタ)アクリルアミド系単量体を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のセメント用添加剤。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のセメント用添加剤、およびセメント分散剤を含む、セメント混和剤。
- 前記セメント分散剤がポリカルボン酸系分散剤である、請求項7に記載のセメント混和剤。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のセメント用添加剤、およびセメントを含む、セメント組成物。
- さらにセメント分散剤を含む、請求項9に記載のセメント組成物。
- 前記セメント分散剤がポリカルボン酸系分散剤である、請求項10に記載のセメント混和剤。
- 吸水性樹脂、およびセメントを含むセメント組成物であって、
前記吸水性樹脂は、ノニオン性非架橋性単量体50モル%以上およびノニオン性架橋性単量体0.1モル%以上含む単量体混合物を重合してなり、前記単量体混合物中、アニオン性単量体の含有量が20モル%以下である、セメント組成物。 - 請求項9~12のいずれか1項に記載のセメント組成物を成形してなる、成形体。
- セメントを含むセメント組成物を成形してなる成形体の強度向上方法であって、
前記セメント組成物に請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のセメント用添加剤を含有させることを有する、成形体の強度向上方法。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のセメント用添加剤と、骨材と、を含む、骨材組成物。
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US17/602,081 US20220212995A1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-03-24 | Cement additive, cement admixture, cement composition, molded body, and method for improving strength of molded body |
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JP2021513553A JP6959475B2 (ja) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-03-24 | セメント用添加剤、セメント混和剤、セメント組成物、成形体、および成形体の強度向上方法 |
KR1020217032476A KR102638059B1 (ko) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-03-24 | 시멘트용 첨가제, 시멘트 혼화제, 시멘트 조성물, 성형체, 및 성형체의 강도 향상 방법 |
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WO2022173003A1 (ja) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-08-18 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 収縮低減剤及びセメント組成物 |
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Cited By (4)
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WO2022173003A1 (ja) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-08-18 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 収縮低減剤及びセメント組成物 |
JP7513771B2 (ja) | 2021-02-15 | 2024-07-09 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 収縮低減剤及びセメント組成物 |
CN113667061A (zh) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-19 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | 一种吸水树脂及其制备方法与应用 |
CN113667061B (zh) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-06-02 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | 一种吸水树脂及其制备方法与应用 |
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