WO2020087913A1 - 一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机及挤压铸造方法 - Google Patents

一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机及挤压铸造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020087913A1
WO2020087913A1 PCT/CN2019/088040 CN2019088040W WO2020087913A1 WO 2020087913 A1 WO2020087913 A1 WO 2020087913A1 CN 2019088040 W CN2019088040 W CN 2019088040W WO 2020087913 A1 WO2020087913 A1 WO 2020087913A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
injection
vertical
cup
vertical injection
mold
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/088040
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴玉荣
吴奕鑫
林忠峰
吴建成
王志峰
Original Assignee
莆田市荣兴机械有限公司
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Application filed by 莆田市荣兴机械有限公司 filed Critical 莆田市荣兴机械有限公司
Priority to JP2020526349A priority Critical patent/JP6899059B2/ja
Publication of WO2020087913A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020087913A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/08—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled
    • B22D17/10—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled with horizontal press motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/08—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled
    • B22D17/12—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled with vertical press motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2069—Exerting after-pressure on the moulding material

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of die casting, and in particular relates to a horizontal liquid feeding vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine and a squeeze casting method.
  • the existing oblique butt injection mechanism has the disadvantages of oblique liquid injection, resetting, lifting, tightening, and long injection time of the molten cup, and it is easy to form a ring-shaped condensation layer on the inner wall of the molten cup, which affects the mechanical properties of the extrusion casting. Office. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to send the molten metal to the vertical injection molten cup in a short period of time, and to eliminate the gas, so as to achieve less squeezing without pores.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a horizontal liquid feeding vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine and a squeeze casting method, which can send the molten metal to a short time Vertical injection of the molten cup, and through the elimination of gas and extrusion, so that the extrusion casting has less pores to improve the mechanical properties of the extrusion casting.
  • a horizontal liquid delivery vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine including:
  • Horizontal liquid feeding device which is used to transfer metal liquid;
  • the horizontal liquid feeding device includes a lateral injection molten cup and a lateral injection punch, the outer side wall of the lateral injection punch and the lateral injection molten cup The inner side wall is slidingly sealed and matched, and the lateral injection punch is used to push out the molten metal from the lateral injection molten cup;
  • a vertical injection device which is used to receive the molten metal transmitted by the horizontal liquid feeding device and hydraulically spray the metal into the casting mold cavity;
  • the vertical injection device includes a vertical injection molten cup and a vertical injection
  • the punch, the outer side wall of the vertical injection punch is in sliding sealing cooperation with the inner side wall of the vertical injection melting cup.
  • the vertical injection melting cup is used to receive the molten metal from the horizontal injection melting cup.
  • the vertical injection punch is used for injecting molten metal from the vertical injection molten cup into the die casting cavity of the casting mold.
  • the horizontal liquid-feeding vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine further includes: a mold clamping device, which is used to install, open and close the casting mold and eject the extrusion casting;
  • the mold clamping device includes a fixed formwork, a movable formwork, four Corinthian columns and an ejection mechanism.
  • the fixed formwork is fixedly installed on the machine base
  • the movable formwork is slidingly installed on the machine base
  • the four Corinthian columns are respectively threaded
  • one end of the Corinthian column is fixedly penetrated in one of the fixed formwork and the movable formwork
  • the other end of the Corinthian column is slidably penetrated in the fixed formwork and the movable formwork
  • the ejector mechanism is installed on the mobile template.
  • the horizontal liquid feeding device further includes a lateral injection rod and a lateral injection cylinder, the lateral injection molten cup is fixedly threaded on a fixed template, and the lateral injection molten cup
  • the upper side wall is provided with a pouring opening for injecting the molten metal
  • the front end opening of the lateral injection molten cup is used to send out the molten metal
  • the lateral injection punch is penetrated in the lateral injection molten cup and the two slide
  • the lateral injection punch is fixedly installed at the front end of the lateral injection rod, and the rear end of the lateral injection rod is connected to the force output end of the lateral injection cylinder.
  • the vertical injection device further includes a vertical injection rod and a vertical injection cylinder, the vertical injection molten cup is disposed between a fixed template and a movable template, the vertical The center line of the injection-molded cup is coincident with the parting surface of the casting mold, the upper end opening of the vertical injection-molded cup is used to receive the molten metal, and the vertical injection-molded punch is penetrated by the vertical injection-molded Inside the cup and the two are in sliding and sealed cooperation, the vertical injection punch is fixedly installed at the upper end of the vertical injection rod, and the lower end of the vertical injection rod is connected to the force output end of the vertical injection cylinder.
  • the vertical injection device further includes a beam plate, the vertical injection molten cup is fixedly penetrated on the beam plate, the beam plate and the cylinder body of the vertical injection cylinder There are two connecting rods symmetrically distributed about the vertical injection rod.
  • one end of the beam plate is fixedly connected to a fixed mold seat plate, the fixed mold seat plate is installed on a fixed formwork, and the other end of the beam plate is detachably connected to the movable mold seat plate ,
  • the movable mold base plate is installed on the movable template.
  • support beams are provided on both sides of the beam plate, and arc grooves are provided at the bottom of the support blocks, and the arc grooves of the two support blocks are respectively connected to the tops of the two lower Corinthian columns ⁇ MATCH.
  • the horizontal liquid-feeding vertical injection cold-chamber die casting machine further includes a casting mold, the casting mold includes a fixed mold and a moving mold, and the fixed mold is installed on a fixed base through a fixed mold seat plate.
  • the movable mold is installed on the movable template through the movable mold base plate, and the fixed mold and the movable mold are closed to form a die-casting cavity and a liquid storage cavity that communicate with each other, the liquid storage type
  • the cavity is respectively communicated with the front opening of the lateral injection melting cup and the upper opening of the vertical injection melting cup.
  • the liquid storage cavity and the inner cavity of the vertical injection melting cup form an extrusion cavity.
  • the horizontal liquid feeding device further includes a liquid feeding and heat preservation system, and a heat preservation channel is provided in the side wall of the lateral injection molten cup.
  • the medium output port is connected, and the outlet of the heat preservation channel is communicated with the medium return port of the liquid supply and heat preservation system.
  • the liquid feeding and heat preservation system includes an oil-transporting mold temperature machine and a cooling system.
  • the cooling system includes a cold water tank, a drainage block, and a lifting drive mechanism.
  • the drainage block is provided in the cold water tank and Located directly above the cold water, the lifting drive mechanism drives the drainage block to move up and down, and the oil delivery pipe of the oil-carrying mold temperature machine passes through the cold water tank and is located above the cold water.
  • the inlet of the heat preservation channel is connected, and the oil return pipe of the oil-transporting mold temperature machine is connected to the outlet of the heat preservation channel.
  • the oil-transporting mold temperature machine is provided with a thermocouple, and the thermocouple is installed in the lateral injection melting cup Of the side wall.
  • the horizontal liquid feeding device further includes a liquid feeding and lubricating system
  • the liquid feeding and lubricating system includes an intermittent lubricating oil pump and a lubricating oil pipe
  • the lateral injection melt cup is close to the lateral injection punch
  • At least one oil injection hole is opened at one end side wall, at least one lubricating annular groove connected to the oil injection hole is opened at the inner wall of the transverse injection melting cup, and the oil outlet of the intermittent lubricating oil pump is connected to the oil injection hole through a lubricant pipe.
  • the base is fixed on the ground by a heightened platform, the heightened platform is provided with a vertical through hole for the vertical injection device to pass through, and the ground is provided with a vertical The pit of the injection device.
  • a squeeze casting method of horizontal liquid-feeding vertical injection firstly transferring metal liquid through a horizontal liquid-feeding device, the horizontal liquid-feeding device includes a lateral injection molten cup and a lateral injection injection punch, and a lateral injection injection punch
  • the outer side wall of the machine matches with the inner wall of the lateral injection molten cup in a sliding and sealing manner.
  • the lateral injection punch pushes the molten metal injected into the lateral injection molten cup, and then receives the horizontal liquid delivery device for transmission through the vertical injection device Molten metal and hydraulically spray the metal into the casting mold cavity
  • the vertical injection device includes a vertical injection molten cup and a vertical injection punch, the outer side wall of the vertical injection injection punch and the vertical injection melting
  • the inner side wall of the cup is sliding and sealed, the vertical injection molten cup receives the metal liquid flowing out of the horizontal injection molten cup, and the vertical injection punch presses the metal in the vertical injection molten cup hydraulically to the die casting die casting Extrusion molding in the cavity.
  • the horizontal liquid-feeding vertical injection squeeze casting method specifically includes the following steps:
  • Liquid feeding firstly inject a predetermined amount of molten metal into the pouring opening of the lateral injection molten cup, and then the lateral injection punch pushes the molten metal in the lateral injection molten cup into the vertical injection molten cup ;
  • Mold opening The casting mold is opened, the lateral injection punch and the vertical injection punch are reset, and the extrusion casting is ejected.
  • step (a) the surface of the cavity of the casting mold is sprayed and dried by a spraying robot.
  • step (b) the casting mold is clamped and clamped by the mold clamping device.
  • step (c) the lateral injection cylinder and the lateral injection punch at the front end are driven by the lateral injection cylinder injection action, so that the molten metal is pushed from the lateral injection molten cup Into the molten cup vertically.
  • step (d) the vertical injection rod and the vertical injection punch at the upper end thereof are driven to rise by vertical injection cylinder injection, so that the molten metal is injected from the vertical injection
  • the molten cup is injected into the die-casting cavity of the casting mold; immediately after the die-casting cavity is filled, pressurization is performed by the vertical injection cylinder to extrude the molten metal under high pressure and continue to hold the pressure until It is completely solidified.
  • step (e) the casting mold is opened by the mold clamping device, the lateral injection punch and the vertical injection punch are reset, and the extrusion casting is ejected by the ejection mechanism.
  • the present invention Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention is an ingenious innovation carried out on the existing ordinary horizontal cold chamber die casting machine to achieve the function of squeeze casting;
  • the injection device conveys the metal liquid (such as aluminum alloy liquid and copper alloy liquid), which saves the time required for the tilting, resetting, lifting and tightening of the molten cup of the existing tiltable butt injection mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the partial structure in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the right part of the partial structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a partial structure of a third embodiment of the present invention when clamping a mold.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the partial structure of the third embodiment of the present invention when the mold is opened.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic right side view of the partial structure of the third embodiment of the present invention at the time of mold clamping.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a partial structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention when clamping a mold.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of the partial structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention when the mold is opened.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of a partial structure of the fifth embodiment of the present invention when clamping a mold.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of the partial structure of the fifth embodiment of the present invention when the mold is opened.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid supply and heat preservation system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid-feeding lubrication system according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in FIG. 12.
  • Embodiment 1 Please refer to Figures 1 to 3, a horizontal liquid delivery vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine, including:
  • a horizontal liquid feeding device 300 which is used to transport molten metal;
  • the horizontal liquid feeding device 300 includes a lateral injection molten cup 310 and a lateral injection punch 320, the outer side wall of the lateral injection punch 320 and the lateral direction
  • the inner wall of the injection-molding cup 310 is slidingly sealed, and the lateral injection punch 320 is used to push the molten metal from the lateral injection-molding cup 310;
  • the vertical injection device 400 is used to receive the molten metal transmitted by the horizontal liquid delivery device 300 and to hydraulically spray the metal into the casting mold cavity;
  • the vertical injection device 400 includes a vertical injection molten cup 410 and A vertical injection punch 420, the outer side wall of the vertical injection punch 420 slidingly cooperates with the inner side wall of the vertical injection melting cup 410, and the vertical injection injection cup 410 is used to receive a lateral injection shot
  • the molten metal flowing out of the molten cup 310, the vertical injection punch 420 is used to inject the molten metal from the vertical injection molten cup 410 into the die casting cavity of the casting mold.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a horizontal liquid delivery vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine includes:
  • Mold clamping device 200 which is used to install, open and close the casting mold and eject the extrusion casting; the mold clamping device 200 includes a fixed template 210 (also called a head plate), a moving template 220 (also called a middle plate) 1.
  • a fixed template 210 also called a head plate
  • a moving template 220 also called a middle plate
  • the fixed template 210 is fixedly installed on the base 100
  • the movable template 220 is slidingly installed on the base 100
  • the four corinth columns 230 are respectively installed on the fixed Four corners of the template 210 and the movable template 220
  • one end of the Corinthian column 230 is fixedly penetrated through one of the fixed template 210 and the movable template 220
  • the other end of the Corinthian column 230 is slidingly penetrated through the fixed template
  • the ejector mechanism 240 is installed on the mobile template 220;
  • a horizontal liquid feeding device 300 which is used to transport molten metal; the horizontal liquid feeding device 300 includes a lateral injection molten cup 310, a lateral injection punch 320, a lateral injection rod 330, and a lateral injection cylinder 340.
  • the lateral injection melting cup 310 is fixedly installed on the fixed template 210, and the upper side wall of the lateral injection melting cup 310 is provided with a pouring port 311 for injecting molten metal, and the front end of the lateral injection melting cup 310 The opening is used to send out molten metal.
  • the lateral injection punch 320 is inserted into the lateral injection melting cup 310 and the two are slidingly and tightly fitted.
  • the lateral injection punch 320 is fixedly installed at the front end of the lateral injection rod 330 , The rear end of the lateral injection rod 330 is connected to the force output end of the lateral injection cylinder 340;
  • the vertical injection device 400 is used to receive the molten metal transmitted by the horizontal liquid delivery device 300 and hydraulically spray the metal into the casting mold cavity;
  • the vertical injection device 400 includes a vertical injection molten cup 410, A vertical injection punch 420, a vertical injection rod 430, and a vertical injection cylinder 440, the vertical injection melting cup 410 is disposed between a fixed template 210 and a moving template 220, the vertical injection melting
  • the center line of the cup 410 coincides with the parting surface of the casting mold
  • the upper end opening of the vertical injection molten cup 410 is used to receive molten metal
  • the vertical injection punch 420 is penetrated by the vertical injection molten cup Within 410 and the two are in sliding and sealed cooperation
  • the vertical injection punch 420 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the vertical injection rod 430, and the lower end of the vertical injection rod 430 is in force output with the vertical injection cylinder 440 ⁇ ⁇ End connection.
  • the base 100 is fixed to the ground 120 through a heightened platform 110, and the heightened platform 110 is provided with a vertical through which the vertical injection device 400 passes.
  • the floor 120 is provided with a recess 121 for accommodating the vertical injection device 400.
  • the heightened platform 110 is preferably but not limited to a reinforced concrete platform, and its unit carrying capacity should not be less than 20 tons / square meter.
  • the reinforced concrete platform can be integrated with the ground 120 and the heightened platform 110
  • the bottom of the hole penetrates back and forth.
  • the shape of the dimple 121 is preferably but not limited to a rectangle.
  • the dimple 121 is provided with a front step and a back step (omitted in the figure), so that maintenance personnel can enter the dimple 121, which is convenient for disassembly. And overhaul.
  • the mold clamping device 200 can directly adopt the mold clamping device of the existing horizontal cold chamber die casting machine, and the ejection mechanism 240 can adopt the ejection mechanism 240 of the existing horizontal cold chamber die casting machine.
  • the vertical injection device 400 further includes a pressurizing cylinder 441 and a fast-shot accumulator 442 and a pressurizing accumulator 443 thereon.
  • the pressurizing cylinder 441 is installed on the vertical injection cylinder 440.
  • the fast injection accumulator 442 is used for fast injection
  • the pressurized accumulator 443 is used for pressurization
  • both the horizontal liquid feeding device 300 and the vertical injection device 400 can be directly adopted or modified to existing The injection device of the horizontal cold chamber die-casting machine, more specific structure will not be repeated here.
  • the horizontal liquid feeding device 300 may further include a lateral stroke control guide 350, and the lateral stroke control guide 350 may be fixed on the lateral injection rod 330, and the lateral stroke Two first position switches 351 are installed on the control guide 350, which are respectively used to control the starting point of injection and the starting point of injection of the lateral injection punch 320.
  • the lateral injection cylinder 340 is provided with two A first stop 360 cooperated with a position switch 351 to provide a signal for the vertical injection device 400 and instruct the vertical injection device 400 to operate;
  • the vertical injection device 400 may further include a vertical stroke control guide Lever 450, the vertical stroke control guide rod 450 may be fixed on the vertical injection rod 430, and the second vertical position control guide rod 450 is provided with four second position switches 451 for controlling the vertical pressure respectively
  • the injection start position, injection end position, fast injection end position, pressurization end position, etc. of the injection punch 420, the vertical injection cylinder 440 is provided with a first position matched with four second position switches 451 Second stop 460.
  • All the above position switches can use existing stroke switches or proximity switches, and the specific model is not limited; these position switches are all electrically connected to the existing controller of the die casting machine.
  • the installation positions of the above-mentioned stroke control guide rods and corresponding stoppers can be interchanged.
  • the vertical injection device may further include a beam plate 480, the vertical injection melting cup 410 is fixed on the beam plate 480, the beam plate 480 and the vertical injection cylinder 440 Two connecting rods 490 distributed symmetrically about the vertical injection rod 430 are fixedly arranged between the cylinders to support the beam plate 480.
  • a height adjustable support device 470 may be provided below the bottom of the vertical injection device 400, and the height adjustable support device 470 may be a screw support mechanism, etc.
  • the screw support mechanism includes a support 471, a nut 472, and a screw 273, the support 471 is fixed on the ground 120 in the recess 121, the nut 472 is fixedly arranged on the support 471, the screw 473 is erected in the nut 472, the top of the screw 473 supports the vertical The bottom of the injection device 400.
  • Embodiment 3 Please refer to FIGS. 4-6, a horizontal liquid feeding vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine, which is different from Embodiment 2 in that: one end of the beam plate 480 and the fixed mold seat plate 510 For fixed connection, the fixed mold base plate 510 is installed on the fixed formwork 210, the other end of the beam plate 480 is detachably connected to the movable mold base plate 520, and the movable mold base plate 520 is installed on the movable formwork 220.
  • the fixed mold base plate 510 may be provided with a first slot 511 matched with one end of the beam plate 480, and one end of the beam plate 480 (which may be locked by bolts) is fixed to the first In the slot 511, the movable mold base plate 520 may be provided with a second slot 521 that cooperates with the other end of the beam plate 480.
  • the other end of the beam plate 480 smoothly transitions to the mating surface of the second slot 521; to facilitate insertion and separation, the side of the second slot 521 is a bevel, and the second slot 521
  • the width of the can be gradually increased from the bottom of the groove to the notch, that is, a figure eight shape or a trumpet shape.
  • the two ends of the beam plate 480 can respectively fit the slots 511 and 521 on the mold base plate 510 and the movable mold base plate 520 to withstand the injection thrust of the vertical injection device 400.
  • support beams 481 are provided on both sides of the beam plate 480, and arc grooves 482 are provided at the bottom of the support blocks 481, and the arc grooves 482 of the two support blocks 481 are respectively connected to the lower two
  • the top surface of the forest pillar 230 matches.
  • the support block 481 may be fixed on the beam plate 480 by screwing, welding or the like, or may be made integrally with the beam plate 480.
  • Embodiment 4 Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, a horizontal liquid delivery vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine, which is different from Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3 in that it also includes a casting mold 500, the casting
  • the mold 500 includes a fixed mold 530 and a movable mold 540.
  • the fixed mold 530 is installed on the fixed mold plate 210 through the fixed mold seat plate 510
  • the movable mold 540 is installed on the movable mold plate 220 through the movable mold seat plate 520.
  • a die-casting cavity 501 and a liquid storage cavity 502 are formed to communicate with each other.
  • the liquid storage cavity 502 is respectively open to the front end of the lateral injection melting cup 310 and is vertically pressed.
  • the upper opening of the injection melting cup 410 communicates, and the liquid storage cavity 502 and the inner cavity of the vertical injection melting cup 410 constitute an extrusion cavity.
  • the main function of the extrusion cavity is to store all the molten metal containing the extrusion casting and its gating system in the extrusion cavity
  • the volume including the projected area of the pouring system that is, the volume of all the metal liquid
  • Vrl Vq + Vrb
  • Vq is the volume of the liquid in the liquid storage cavity 502
  • Vrb is the vertical injection molten cup 410
  • Vrb is the main part of the storage liquid metal, and the length depends on the ratio of Vq to Vrb.
  • all the molten metal may also be stored in the vertical injection melting cup 410.
  • the liquid-storage cavity 502 has a cylindrical shape, and its inner diameter is consistent with the aperture of the vertical injection melt cup 410, that is, the nominal size of the liquid-storage cavity 502 and the inside of the vertical injection melt cup 410
  • the diameter of the holes is the same; the outer wall of the vertical injection punch 420 and the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity 502 are slidingly sealed and matched, and the matching gap is controlled between 0.10 and 0.15 mm, and is sealed by lubricating oil.
  • the side wall of the liquid storage cavity 502 may be provided with an escape round groove 545 opposite to the lateral injection punch 320 (see FIG. 9 And FIG. 10), the inner diameter of the avoidance circular groove 545 is not smaller than the outer diameter of the lateral injection punch 320.
  • the fixed mold 530 may be fixedly installed with a first semicircular groove block 535
  • the movable mold 540 may be fixedly installed with a first semicircular groove block 535 that cooperates with the first Two semicircular groove blocks 546
  • a cylindrical cavity serving as the liquid storage cavity 502 is formed between the first semicircular groove block 535 and the second semicircular groove block 546 after they are closed
  • the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity is equal to the inner diameter of the vertical injection melting cup 410 and its center line coincides with the center line of the vertical injection melting cup 410
  • the first semicircular groove block 535 is provided with A circular through hole penetrating with the cylindrical cavity, the circular through hole communicating with the lateral injection melting cup 310, the inner diameters of the two are equal, and the center lines coincide.
  • the fixed mold 530 is provided with a first positioning inlaid with the upper convex ring 411 side of the vertical injection melt cup 410 Groove 534
  • the movable mold 540 is provided with a second positioning groove 544 for inserting the other side of the upper convex ring 411 of the vertical injection melting cup 410, the center line of the vertical injection melting cup 410 and the casting mold The parting surfaces of 500 coincide.
  • the fixed mold 530 includes a fixed mold frame 531 and a fixed mold core 532
  • the fixed mold frame 531 is fixedly installed on the fixed mold base plate 510 by bolts
  • the fixed mold core 532 is fixedly installed by bolts
  • the movable mold 540 includes a movable mold frame 541 and a movable mold core 542
  • the movable mold frame 541 is fixedly mounted on the movable mold base plate 520 by bolts
  • the movable mold core 542 is fixed by bolts Installed on the movable mold frame 541
  • the die casting cavity 501 is formed between the movable mold core 542 and the fixed mold core 532
  • the liquid storage cavity 502 is formed between the movable mold frame 541 and the fixed mold frame 531
  • the liquid storage cavity 502 is located directly below the die casting cavity 501.
  • the fixed mold 530 may further include a sprue sleeve 533 embedded in the fixed mold frame 531 and the fixed mold base plate 510, and is transversely injected with the front end of the molten cup 310 The openings are in contact, the inner diameters of the two are the same and the center lines coincide; of course, the fixed mold 530 may also include other existing components.
  • the movable mold 540 may further include other existing components such as a movable mold foot 543, and the fixed mold frame 531 is fixedly installed on the fixed mold base plate 510 through the movable mold foot 543, specifically, the movable mold foot 543 is bolted
  • the movable mold frame 541 is fixedly installed on the movable mold base plate 520, and the movable mold frame 541 is fixedly installed on the movable mold foot 543 by bolts.
  • Embodiment 5 Please refer to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, a horizontal liquid feeding vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine, which is different from Embodiment 4 in that: one end of the beam plate 480 is different from the casting mold 500
  • the fixed mold 530 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the beam plate 480 is detachably connected to the movable mold 540 of the casting mold 500.
  • one end of the beam plate 480 is locked and fixed to the fixed mold 530 by bolts, and the other end of the beam plate 480 is movably inserted through the slot on the movable mold 540.
  • the beam plate 480 can also be fixedly installed on the movable mold 540 or the movable mold base plate. In this case, when the mold is opened and closed, the vertical injection device 400 needs to move horizontally in synchronization with the movable mold 540 or the movable mold base plate.
  • one end of the beam plate 480 can be fixedly connected to the fixed mold frame 531 of the fixed mold 530 by bolts, and the fixed mold frame 531 can be provided with a first part matching the one end of the beam plate 480
  • the other end of the slot is detachably connected to the movable die leg 543 of the movable die 540, and a second slot matched with the other end of the beam plate 480 may be opened on the movable die leg 543.
  • Embodiment 6 Please refer to FIG. 11, a horizontal liquid delivery vertical injection cold chamber die casting machine, which is different from the second embodiment in that the horizontal liquid delivery device 300 further includes a liquid delivery thermal insulation system 370, A thermal insulation channel 312 is provided in the side wall of the lateral injection melting cup 310, the inlet of the thermal insulation channel 312 communicates with the medium output port of the liquid supply and insulation system 370, and the outlet of the thermal insulation channel 312 and the liquid supply and insulation system The medium return port of 370 is in communication.
  • the liquid feeding and heat preservation system 370 includes an oil-transporting mold temperature machine 371 and a cooling system 372.
  • the cooling system 372 includes a cold water tank 373, a drainage block 374, and a lifting drive mechanism 375.
  • the drainage block 374 It is installed in the cold water tank 373 and is located directly above the cold water 2.
  • the lifting driving mechanism 375 drives the drainage block 374 to move up and down.
  • the oil outlet pipe 3711 of the oil-carrying mold temperature machine 371 passes through the cold water tank 373 and is located Above, the oil delivery pipe 3711 of the oil-carrying mold temperature machine 371 is connected to the inlet of the heat preservation channel 312, and the oil return pipe 3712 of the oil-carrying mold temperature machine 371 is connected to the outlet of the heat preservation channel 312.
  • the mold temperature machine 371 is provided with two thermocouples 3713.
  • the two thermocouples 3713 are respectively installed on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the lateral injection melting cup 310, and respectively detect the upper and lower temperature changes of the lateral injection melting cup 310 to control
  • the liquid feeding and heat preservation system 370 works with better effect.
  • the lifting driving mechanism 375 is an air cylinder or an oil cylinder, and the lifting movement of the air cylinder or the oil cylinder is controlled by a solenoid valve.
  • a solenoid valve may also be an electric lifting mechanism, such as an electric cylinder or an electric push rod.
  • the working principle of the liquid feeding and heat preservation system 370 is as follows: during liquid feeding, the molten metal in the lateral injection molten cup 310 is propelled at a low speed to discharge gas, and at this time, the molten metal in contact with the inner wall of the lower half of the lateral injection molten cup 310 Because the temperature is low and the condensation layer is likely to occur, the liquid feeding and heat preservation system 370 is adopted. The liquid feeding and heat preservation system 370 circulates the hot medium to the thermal insulation channel 312 in the lateral wall of the lateral injection molten cup 310, heats the lower part of the lateral injection molten cup 310, and directly transfers the heat to the molten metal to control the temperature of the molten metal at an appropriate level.
  • the medium is preferably heat-resistant oil
  • the heating oil is circulated through the oil-transporting mold temperature machine 371 to avoid scale formation and block the pipeline.
  • the thermocouple 3713 transmits a signal to control the lifting and driving mechanism 375 to drive the drainage block 374 to drop, so that the cold water 2 rises rapidly, directly cooling the oil outlet pipe 3711, and turning the heating oil into cooling oil to achieve rapid The effect of cooling, thereby controlling the temperature of the lateral shot cup 310.
  • the section of the oil outlet pipe 3711 located in the cold water tank 373 is spiral, so as to increase the contact area of the cold water 2 and the oil outlet pipe 3711, and improve the cooling effect.
  • Embodiment 7 Please refer to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, a horizontal liquid-feeding vertical injection cold chamber die-casting machine, which is different from the second embodiment in that the horizontal liquid-feeding device 300 further includes liquid-feeding lubrication System 380, the liquid feed lubrication system 380 includes an intermittent lubricating oil pump 381 and a lubricating oil pipe 382, at least one oil injection hole 313 is opened in the side wall of one end of the lateral injection melting cup 310 near the lateral injection punch 320 The inner wall of the lateral injection melting cup 310 is provided with at least one lubricating annular groove 314 communicating with the oil injection hole 313. The oil outlet of the intermittent lubricating oil pump 381 is connected to the oil injection hole 313 through a lubricating pipe 382.
  • the liquid feed lubrication system 380 includes an intermittent lubricating oil pump 381 and a lubricating oil pipe 382, at least one oil injection hole 313 is opened in the side wall of one end of the lateral injection melting
  • the lubrication injection point of the lateral injection melting cup 310 is preferably designed as a three-point type, that is, the top and both sides, and lubricating oil is injected through the oil injection hole 313 on the top to lubricate the upper half of the lateral injection punch 320 , Lubricant is injected through the oil injection holes 313 on both sides to lubricate the lower half of the lateral injection punch 320.
  • the lubricating effect is just right, which can extend the service life of the lateral injection punch 320 and can also reduce the mixing of gas generated by the lubricant into the extrusion Die-casting parts to reduce the rate of blowholes.
  • the number of the lubricated annular grooves 314 depends on the diameter of the lateral injection punch 320. For example, when the diameter is greater than 70mm, four pieces can be designed. Three uniformly distributed communication grooves 315 can be provided between the lubricated annular grooves 314. The communication groove 315 connects all the lubricating annular grooves 314, so that the lubricating oil flows between the lubricating annular grooves 314, and the flow is more uniform. For example, when it is equal to 70mm, three lubricating annular grooves can be designed. For less than 70nm, two lubricating annular grooves can be designed. groove.
  • the vertical injection punch 420 of the vertical injection device 400 may use a liquid-feeding lubrication system with the same structure to provide lubricating oil with the vertical injection punch 420.
  • Embodiment 8 Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 13, a squeeze casting method of horizontal liquid injection vertical injection, firstly transferring metal liquid through the horizontal liquid delivery device 300, the horizontal liquid delivery device 300 includes lateral injection The melting cup 310 and the lateral injection punch 320, the outer side wall of the lateral injection punch 320 slidingly cooperates with the inner side wall of the lateral injection cup 310, and the lateral injection punch 320 will be injected into the lateral injection cup 310 The molten metal is pushed out, and then the vertical injection device 400 receives the molten metal sent by the horizontal liquid delivery device 300 and hydraulically sprays the metal into the casting mold 500 cavity.
  • the vertical injection device 400 includes vertical injection injection melting Cup 410 and vertical injection punch 420, the outer side wall of vertical injection punch 420 slidingly cooperates with the inner side wall of vertical injection melting cup 410, and vertical injection melting cup 410 receives the horizontal injection melting cup
  • the molten metal flowing out of 310 is hydraulically injected by the vertical injection punch 420 to the metal in the vertical injection molten cup 410 into the die casting cavity 501 of the casting mold 500 for extrusion molding.
  • Embodiment 9 Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 13, a squeeze casting method of horizontal liquid feeding vertical injection, specifically including the following steps:
  • Mold opening The casting mold 500 is opened, the lateral injection punch 320 and the vertical injection punch 420 are reset, and the extrusion casting is ejected.
  • step (a) the surface of the cavity of the casting mold 500 may be sprayed and dried by a spraying and blowing robot.
  • step (b) the casting mold 500 may be clamped and clamped by the mold clamping device 200.
  • the lateral injection cylinder 330 can be used to drive the lateral injection rod 330 and the lateral injection punch 320 at the front end of the injection mechanism (such as slow injection operation) to make the metal
  • the liquid is pushed into the vertical injection melt cup 410 from the lateral injection melt cup 310.
  • the stroke of the lateral injection punch 320 may only allow injection to the outer diameter of the vertical injection punch 420, leaving a margin of 0.5-0.7 mm.
  • the vertical injection cylinder 440 can be used to drive the vertical injection rod 430 and the vertical injection punch 420 at the upper end to raise the liquid metal from the vertical direction
  • the injection molten cup 410 is injected into the die casting cavity 502 of the casting mold 500, for example, the vertical injection cylinder 440 slowly injects the action, and drives the vertical injection rod 430 and the upper vertical injection punch 420 slowly rises, so that part of the molten metal is injected into the liquid storage cavity 502 of the casting mold 500 from the vertical injection molten cup 410 at a low speed, and then passes through the vertical injection cylinder 440 after the liquid storage cavity 502 is filled
  • the rapid injection action drives the vertical injection rod 430 and the vertical injection punch 420 at the upper end to rise rapidly, so that the liquid metal is quickly injected from the liquid storage cavity 502 into the die casting cavity 501 of the casting mold 500;
  • the vertical injection cylinder 440 is finally pressurized, so that the mol
  • step (d) when the vertical injection device 400 is rapidly injected, the vertical injection punch 420 travels to the position of the liquid storage cavity 502 at the end of the stroke of the rapid injection Increase the pressure quickly to form a squeeze to increase the internal density of the squeeze casting, so that the squeeze casting has less porosity and high density.
  • step (e) the casting mold 500 can be opened by the mold clamping device 200, the horizontal injection cylinder 340, the horizontal injection rod 330, and the horizontal injection punch of the horizontal liquid feeding device 300 320 is reset, the vertical injection cylinder 440, the vertical injection rod 430 and the vertical injection punch 420 of the vertical injection device 400 are reset, and the extrusion casting can be ejected by the ejection mechanism 240.
  • the above-mentioned metal liquid may be aluminum alloy liquid, copper alloy liquid, etc., and the metal liquid with the corresponding composition can be selected according to the material of the specific extrusion casting.
  • the above-mentioned vertical injection device 400 has versatility, and can be generalized and standardized in the casting mold 500 of the same type and similar size parts.
  • the speed of the above-mentioned horizontal liquid-feeding device 300 is adjustable and is not limited to low speed; the speed of the above-mentioned vertical liquid-feeding device 400 is also adjustable, not limited to first low speed and then high speed; The circulation is automatically controlled.

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Abstract

一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，包括卧式送液装置（300）和立式压射装置（400），卧式送液装置包含横向压射熔杯（310）和横向压射冲头（320），横向压射冲头将金属液从横向压射熔杯推出，立式压射装置包含竖向压射熔杯（410）和竖向压射冲头（420），竖向压射熔杯接收横向压射熔杯传递来的金属液，竖向压射冲头将金属液从竖向压射熔杯压射到铸造模具（500）的压铸型腔（501）。以及一种卧式送液立式压射的挤压铸造方法。该压铸机和铸造方法节省了可倾式对接压射机构所需要的时间，金属液输送速度更快且温度下降较少，产生冷凝层的趋势较小，在充满型腔后瞬间增压，实现挤压功能，使挤压铸件达到少无气孔，机械性能优越，从而使挤压铸件可以进行T6处理及焊接，提高挤压铸件的强度、延伸率，实现零件的轻量化。

Description

一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机及挤压铸造方法 技术领域
本发明属于压铸技术领域，具体涉及一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机及挤压铸造方法。
 背景技术
随着控制地球变暖、减少排放、节约能源等课题的深入开展，汽车、摩托车轻量化需求日益增长，高强度、韧性优越的少无气孔零件的压铸技术研究迅速发展，以日本宇部兴产机械株式会社为代表的立式锁模可倾式对接压射机构的立式锁模挤压铸造机与卧式锁模可倾式对接压射机构的卧式锁模挤压铸造机，引领了挤压铸造行业的潮流。现有的倾斜对接压射机构存在熔杯倾斜注液、复位、提升、契紧、压射时间较长，容易在熔杯的内壁形成环状冷凝层，影响挤压铸件的机械性能等不足之处。因此，有必要考虑如何在较短的时间内把金属液送至竖向压射熔杯，并排除气体，实现少无气孔挤压。
 技术问题
鉴于现有技术的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机及挤压铸造方法，它能够在较短的时间内把金属液送至竖向压射熔杯，并通过排除气体、挤压，使挤压铸件达到少无气孔，以提高挤压铸件的机械性能。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，包括：
卧式送液装置，其用于传送金属液；所述卧式送液装置包含横向压射熔杯和横向压射冲头，所述横向压射冲头的外侧壁与横向压射熔杯的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述横向压射冲头用于将金属液从横向压射熔杯推出；
立式压射装置，其用于接收卧式送液装置传送的金属液并将金属液压射到铸造模具型腔内；所述立式压射装置包含竖向压射熔杯和竖向压射冲头，所述竖向压射冲头的外侧壁与竖向压射熔杯的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述竖向压射熔杯用于接收横向压射熔杯流出的金属液，所述竖向压射冲头用于将金属液从竖向压射熔杯压射到铸造模具的压铸型腔中。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，该卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机还包括：合模装置，其用于安装、开合和锁紧铸造模具以及顶出挤压铸件；所述合模装置包含固定模板、移动模板、四根哥林柱和顶出机构，所述固定模板固定安装在机座上，所述移动模板滑动安装在机座上，四根哥林柱分别穿设在固定模板和移动模板的四个角，所述哥林柱的一端固定穿设在固定模板和移动模板中的一者，所述哥林柱的另一端滑动穿设在固定模板和移动模板中的另一者，所述顶出机构安装在移动模板上。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述卧式送液装置还包含横向压射杆和横向压射缸，所述横向压射熔杯固定穿设在固定模板上，所述横向压射熔杯的上侧壁设置有用于注入金属液的浇料口，所述横向压射熔杯的前端开口用于送出金属液，所述横向压射冲头穿设于横向压射熔杯内且二者滑动密封配合，所述横向压射冲头固定安装在横向压射杆的前端，所述横向压射杆的后端与横向压射缸的力输出端连接。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述立式压射装置还包含竖向压射杆和竖向压射缸，所述竖向压射熔杯设置在固定模板和移动模板之间，所述竖向压射熔杯的中心线与铸造模具的分型面相重合，所述竖向压射熔杯的上端开口用于接收金属液，所述竖向压射冲头穿设于竖向压射熔杯内且二者滑动密封配合，所述竖向压射冲头固定安装在竖向压射杆的上端，所述竖向压射杆的下端与竖向压射缸的力输出端连接。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述立式压射装置还包含横梁板，所述竖向压射熔杯固定穿设于横梁板上，所述横梁板与竖向压射缸的缸体之间固定设置有两根关于竖向压射杆对称分布的连接杆。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述横梁板的一端与定模座板固定连接，所述定模座板安装在固定模板上，所述横梁板的另一端与动模座板可分离地连接，所述动模座板安装在移动模板上。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述横梁板的两边分别设置有支撑块，所述支撑块的底部设置有弧形槽，两个支撑块的弧形槽分别与下部两根哥林柱的顶面相配合。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，该卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机还包括铸造模具，所述铸造模具包含定模和动模，所述定模通过定模座板安装在固定模板上，所述动模通过动模座板安装在移动模板上，所述定模与动模闭合后的二者之间形成相互连通的压铸型腔和储液型腔，所述储液型腔分别与横向压射熔杯的前端开口、竖向压射熔杯的上端开口相连通，所述储液型腔和竖向压射熔杯的内腔组成挤压腔。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述卧式送液装置还包含送液保温系统，所述横向压射熔杯的侧壁内设置有保温通道，所述保温通道的进口与送液保温系统的介质输出口相连通，所述保温通道的出口与送液保温系统的介质回流口相连通。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述送液保温系统包含运油式模温机和冷却系统，所述冷却系统包含冷水箱、排水块和升降驱动机构，所述排水块设置于冷水箱内且位于冷水的正上方，所述升降驱动机构驱动排水块上下运动，所述运油式模温机的出油管经过冷水箱内且位于冷水的上方，所述运油式模温机的出油管与保温通道的进口相连接，所述运油式模温机的回油管与保温通道的出口相连接，所述运油式模温机设置有热电偶，所述热电偶安装在横向压射熔杯的侧壁。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述卧式送液装置还包含送液润滑系统，所述送液润滑系统包含间歇式润滑油泵和润滑油管，所述横向压射熔杯靠近横向压射冲头的一端侧壁开设有至少一个注油孔，所述横向压射熔杯的内壁开设有至少一条连通注油孔的润滑环形槽，所述间歇式润滑油泵的出油口通过润滑油管连接至注油孔。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，所述机座通过一增高平台固定在地面上，所述增高平台设置有供立式压射装置穿过的竖向通孔，所述地面设置有用于容纳立式压射装置的凹坑。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种卧式送液立式压射的挤压铸造方法，先通过卧式送液装置传送金属液，卧式送液装置包含横向压射熔杯和横向压射冲头，横向压射冲头的外侧壁与横向压射熔杯的内侧壁滑动密封配合，由横向压射冲头将注入到横向压射熔杯内的金属液推出，再通过立式压射装置接收卧式送液装置传送的金属液并将金属液压射到铸造模具型腔内，立式压射装置包含竖向压射熔杯和竖向压射冲头，竖向压射冲头的外侧壁与竖向压射熔杯的内侧壁滑动密封配合，由竖向压射熔杯接收横向压射熔杯流出的金属液，由竖向压射冲头将竖向压射熔杯内的金属液压射到铸造模具的压铸型腔中，进行挤压成型。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，该卧式送液立式压射的挤压铸造方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(a) 准备：对铸造模具的型腔表面先喷涂脱模剂、后吹干，向两个压射熔杯及对应的压射冲头输送润滑剂；
  (b) 合模：将铸造模具合模和锁模；
 (c) 送液：先将预定量的金属液注入横向压射熔杯的浇料口，再由横向压射冲头将横向压射熔杯内的金属液推送到竖向压射熔杯中；
(d) 挤压：先由竖向压射冲头将竖向压射熔杯内的金属液向上压射到铸造模具的压铸型腔中，在压铸型腔被充满后的瞬间进行增压动作，使金属液在高压下挤压成型，并继续保压直至其完全凝固；
 (e) 开模：将铸造模具开模，横向压射冲头和竖向压射冲头复位，顶出挤压铸件。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，在步骤(a)中，通过喷涂机械手对铸造模具的型腔表面进行喷涂和吹干。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，在步骤(b)中，通过合模装置将铸造模具合模和锁模。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，在步骤(c)中，通过横向压射缸压射动作驱动横向压射杆及其前端的横向压射冲头推进，使金属液从横向压射熔杯被推送到竖向压射熔杯中。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，在步骤(d)中，通过竖向压射缸压射动作驱动竖向压射杆及其上端的竖向压射冲头上升，使金属液从竖向压射熔杯被压射到铸造模具的压铸型腔中；在压铸型腔被充满后瞬间，再通过竖向压射缸进行增压动作，使金属液在高压下挤压成型，并继续保压直至其完全凝固。
作为本发明的进一步优选方案，在步骤(e)中，通过合模装置将铸造模具开模，横向压射冲头和竖向压射冲头复位，由顶出机构顶出挤压铸件。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明是在现有普通的卧式冷室压铸机上进行的巧妙创新，以实现挤压铸造功能；通过卧式送液装置往立式压射装置输送金属液（如铝合金液、铜合金液），节省了现有可倾式对接压射机构的熔杯倾斜、复位、提升、契紧四个节拍所需要的时间，金属液输送速度更快，使金属液温度下降较少，减少了冷凝层的产生，效果更好；通过立式压射装置将金属液按照预定的速度压射进铸造模具的压铸型腔中，最后增压，实现了金属液压铸过程的挤压功能，使挤压铸件达到少无气孔，提高了机械性能，从而使挤压铸件可以进行固溶处理加完全人工时效（即T6处理），具备了可焊接性，提高了挤压铸件的强度、延伸率，保证了挤压铸件的高品质，从而在许多领域可以通过简单的卧式冷室压铸机改造，少投资又能够实现产品构件高性能、轻量化，为机动车轻量化、节能、环保起重要作用；同时也开辟了一个新工艺途径。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例二的整体结构主视示意图。
图2为图1中的局部结构放大示意图。
图3为本发明实施例二的局部结构右视示意图。
图4为本发明实施例三在合模时的局部结构主视示意图。
图5为本发明实施例三在开模时的局部结构主视示意图。
图6为本发明实施例三在合模时的局部结构右视示意图。
图7为本发明实施例四在合模时的局部结构主视示意图。
图8为本发明实施例四在开模时的局部结构主视示意图。
图9为本发明实施例五在合模时的局部结构主视示意图。
图10为本发明实施例五在开模时的局部结构主视示意图。
图11为本发明实施例六的送液保温系统结构示意图。
图12为本发明实施例七的送液润滑系统结构示意图。
图13为图12中A-A处的剖视图。
图中标记：1、金属液；2、冷水；100、机座；110、增高平台；111、竖向通孔；120、地面；121、凹坑；200、合模装置；210、固定模板；220、移动模板；230、哥林柱；240、顶出机构；250、合开模液压缸；300、卧式送液装置；310、横向压射熔杯；311、浇料口；312、保温通道；313、注油孔；314、润滑环形槽；315、沟通槽；320、横向压射冲头；330、横向压射杆；340、横向压射缸；350、横向行程控制导杆；351、第一位置开关；360、第一挡块；370、送液保温系统；371、运油式模温机；3711、出油管；3712、回油管；3713、热电偶；372、冷却系统；373、冷水箱；374、排水块；375、升降驱动机构；380、送液润滑系统；381、间歇式润滑油泵；382、润滑油管；400、立式压射装置；410、竖向压射熔杯；411、凸环；420、竖向压射冲头；430、竖向压射杆；440、竖向压射缸；441、增压缸；442、快压射蓄能器；443、增压蓄能器；450、竖向行程控制导杆；451、第二位置开关；460、第二挡块；470、高度可调支撑装置；471、支座；472、螺母；473、螺杆；480、横梁板；481、支撑块；482、弧形槽；490、连接杆；500、铸造模具；501、压铸型腔；502、储液型腔；510、定模座板；511、第一插槽；520、动模座板；521、第二插槽；530、定模；531、定模框；532、定模芯；533、浇口套；534、第一定位槽；535、第一半圆形凹槽块；540、动模；541、动模框；542、动模芯；543、动模脚；544、第二定位槽；545、避让圆槽；546、第二半圆形凹槽块。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
为了让本发明的上述特征和优点更明显易懂，下面特举实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下。
实施例一：请参考图1~3，一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，包括：
卧式送液装置300，其用于传送金属液；所述卧式送液装置300包含横向压射熔杯310和横向压射冲头320，所述横向压射冲头320的外侧壁与横向压射熔杯310的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述横向压射冲头320用于将金属液从横向压射熔杯310推出；
立式压射装置400，其用于接收卧式送液装置300传送的金属液并将金属液压射到铸造模具型腔内；所述立式压射装置400包含竖向压射熔杯410和竖向压射冲头420，所述竖向压射冲头420的外侧壁与竖向压射熔杯410的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述竖向压射熔杯410用于接收横向压射熔杯310流出的金属液，所述竖向压射冲头420用于将金属液从竖向压射熔杯410压射到铸造模具的压铸型腔中。
实施例二：如图1~3所示，一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，包括：
合模装置200，其用于安装、开合和锁紧铸造模具以及顶出挤压铸件；所述合模装置200包含固定模板210（也称头板）、移动模板220（也称中板）、四根哥林柱230和顶出机构240，所述固定模板210固定安装在机座100上，所述移动模板220滑动安装在机座100上，四根哥林柱230分别穿设在固定模板210和移动模板220的四个角，所述哥林柱230的一端固定穿设在固定模板210和移动模板220中的一者，所述哥林柱230的另一端滑动穿设在固定模板210和移动模板220中的另一者，所述顶出机构240安装在移动模板220上；
卧式送液装置300，其用于传送金属液；所述卧式送液装置300包含横向压射熔杯310、横向压射冲头320、横向压射杆330和横向压射缸340，所述横向压射熔杯310固定穿设在固定模板210上，所述横向压射熔杯310的上侧壁设置有用于注入金属液的浇料口311，所述横向压射熔杯310的前端开口用于送出金属液，所述横向压射冲头320穿设于横向压射熔杯310内且二者滑动密封配合，所述横向压射冲头320固定安装在横向压射杆330的前端，所述横向压射杆330的后端与横向压射缸340的力输出端连接；
立式压射装置400，其用于接收卧式送液装置300传送的金属液并将金属液压射到铸造模具型腔内；所述立式压射装置400包含竖向压射熔杯410、竖向压射冲头420、竖向压射杆430和竖向压射缸440，所述竖向压射熔杯410设置在固定模板210和移动模板220之间，所述竖向压射熔杯410的中心线与铸造模具的分型面相重合，所述竖向压射熔杯410的上端开口用于接收金属液，所述竖向压射冲头420穿设于竖向压射熔杯410内且二者滑动密封配合，所述竖向压射冲头420固定安装在竖向压射杆430的上端，所述竖向压射杆430的下端与竖向压射缸440的力输出端连接。
在实施例二中，为了方便安装立式压射装置400，所述机座100通过一增高平台110固定在地面120上，所述增高平台110设置有供立式压射装置400穿过的竖向通孔111，所述地面120设置有用于容纳立式压射装置400的凹坑121。其中，所述增高平台110优选但不局限于钢筋混凝土平台，其单位承载能力不应该低于20吨/平方米，所述钢筋混凝土平台可以与地面120一体化浇筑而成，所述增高平台110的底部前后贯通，所述凹坑121的形状优选但不局限于矩形，所述凹坑121内设置有前阶梯和后阶梯（图中省略），以便于检修人员进入凹坑121，方便拆装和检修。
在实施例二中，所述合模装置200可以直接采用现有卧式冷室压铸机的合模装置，所述顶出机构240可以采用现有卧式冷室压铸机的顶出机构240，所述立式压射装置400还包含增压缸441及其上的快压射蓄能器442和增压蓄能器443，所述增压缸441安装在竖向压射缸440上，所述快压射蓄能器442用于快压射，所述增压蓄能器443用于增压，所述卧式送液装置300和立式压射装置400均可以直接采用或改造现有卧式冷室压铸机的压射装置，更多具体的结构在此不再赘述。
在实施例二中，为了方便控制，所述卧式送液装置300还可以包含横向行程控制导杆350，所述横向行程控制导杆350可以固定在横向压射杆330上，所述横向行程控制导杆350上安装有两个第一位置开关351，分别用于控制横向压射冲头320的压射起点位置和压射起点位置，所述横向压射缸340上设置有与两个第一位置开关351相配合的第一挡块360，以便于为立式压射装置400提供信号，指令立式压射装置400动作；所述立式压射装置400还可以包含竖向行程控制导杆450，所述竖向行程控制导杆450可以固定在竖向压射杆430上，所述竖向行程控制导杆450上安装有四个第二位置开关451，分别用于控制竖向压射冲头420的压射起点位置、压射终点位置、快压射终点位置、增压终点位置等，所述竖向压射缸440上设置有与四个第二位置开关451相配合的第二挡块460。上述所有的位置开关均可以采用现有的行程开关或接近开关，具体型号不限；这些位置开关均电性连接至压铸机的现有控制器。当然，上述的行程控制导杆和对应挡块的安装位置可以互换。
在实施例二中，所述立式压射装置还可以包含横梁板480，所述竖向压射熔杯410固定穿设于横梁板480上，所述横梁板480与竖向压射缸440的缸体之间固定设置有两根关于竖向压射杆430对称分布的连接杆490，以支撑住横梁板480。所述立式压射装置400的底部下方可以设置有高度可调支撑装置470，所述高度可调支撑装置470可以是螺杆支撑机构等，所述螺杆支撑机构包含支座471、螺母472和螺杆273，所述支座471固定在凹坑121内的地面120，所述螺母472固定设置在支座471上，所述螺杆473竖设于螺母472内，所述螺杆473的顶部支撑住立式压射装置400的底部。
实施例三：请参考图4至图6，一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其与实施例二的区别在于：所述横梁板480的一端与定模座板510固定连接，所述定模座板510安装在固定模板210上，所述横梁板480的另一端与动模座板520可分离地连接，所述动模座板520安装在移动模板220上。
在实施例三中，所述定模座板510上可以设置有与横梁板480一端部相配合的第一插槽511，所述横梁板480一端部（可以通过螺栓锁紧）固定于第一插槽511内，所述动模座板520上可以设置有与横梁板480另一端部相配合的第二插槽521。为了紧密配合，所述横梁板480另一端部与第二插槽521的配合面平滑过渡；为了便于插接和分离，所述第二插槽521的侧面为斜面，所述第二插槽521的宽度可以由槽底向槽口逐渐增大，即呈八字形或喇叭状。工作时，所述横梁板480的两端能够分别契紧定模座板510和动模座板520上的插槽511、521，以承受立式压射装置400的压射反推力。
在实施例三中，所述横梁板480的两边分别设置有支撑块481，所述支撑块481的底部设置有弧形槽482，两个支撑块481的弧形槽482分别与下部两根哥林柱230的顶面相配合。其中，所述支撑块481可以通过螺接、焊接等方式固定在横梁板480上，也可以与横梁板480一体制作而成。
实施例四：请参考图7和图8，一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其与实施例二或实施例三的区别在于：还包括铸造模具500，所述铸造模具500包含定模530和动模540，所述定模530通过定模座板510安装在固定模板210上，所述动模540通过动模座板520安装在移动模板220上，所述定模530与动模540闭合后的二者之间形成相互连通的压铸型腔501和储液型腔502，所述储液型腔502分别与横向压射熔杯310的前端开口、竖向压射熔杯410的上端开口相连通，所述储液型腔502和竖向压射熔杯410的内腔组成挤压腔。
在实施例四中，所述挤压腔的主要作用是：将包含挤压铸件及其浇排系统的全部金属液存储在挤压腔内，挤压腔的容积Vrl=Vjp，Vjp即为包含浇排系统的投影面积在内的容积（也就是全部金属液的体积）；Vrl=Vq+Vrb，Vq即为储液型腔502内的容液体积，Vrb即为竖向压射熔杯410内的容液体积，Vrb是存储金属液的主体部分，长度取决于Vq与Vrb的比例。当然，在另一种实施方式中，也可以将全部金属液存储于竖向压射熔杯410内。
在实施例四中，所述储液型腔502呈圆柱形，其内径与竖向压射熔杯410的孔径一致，即储液型腔502的公称尺寸与竖向压射熔杯410的内孔直径一致；所述竖向压射冲头420的外壁与储液型腔502的内壁滑动密封配合，配合间隙控制在0.10～0.15mm之间，通过润滑油密封。为了防止横向压射冲头320越程破坏储液型腔502的内壁，所述储液型腔502的侧壁可以设置有与横向压射冲头320相对的避让圆槽545（请见图9和图10），所述避让圆槽545的内径不小于横向压射冲头320的外径。
在实施例四中，所述定模530上可以固定安装有第一半圆形凹槽块535，所述动模540上可以固定安装有与第一半圆形凹槽块535相配合的第二半圆形凹槽块546，所述第一半圆形凹槽块535与第二半圆形凹槽块546闭合后的二者之间形成作为所述储液型腔502的圆柱形腔，所述圆柱形腔的内径与竖向压射熔杯410的内径相等且其中心线与竖向压射熔杯410的中心线重合，所述第一半圆形凹槽块535上开设有与圆柱形腔相贯通的圆形通孔，所述圆形通孔与横向压射熔杯310相连通且二者的内径相等、中心线重合。
在实施例四中，为了使竖向压射熔杯410与模具可靠地配合，所述定模530上设置有与竖向压射熔杯410的上部凸环411一侧镶嵌配合的第一定位槽534，所述动模540上设置有用于镶嵌竖向压射熔杯410的上部凸环411另一侧的第二定位槽544，所述竖向压射熔杯410的中心线与铸造模具500的分型面相重合。
在实施例四中，所述定模530包含定模框531和定模芯532，所述定模框531通过螺栓固定安装在定模座板510上，所述定模芯532通过螺栓固定安装在定模框531上，所述动模540包含动模框541和动模芯542，所述动模框541通过螺栓固定安装在动模座板520上，所述动模芯542通过螺栓固定安装在动模框541上，所述动模芯542和定模芯532之间形成所述压铸型腔501，所述动模框541和定模框531之间形成所述储液型腔502，所述储液型腔502位于压铸型腔501的正下方。
在实施例四中，所述定模530还可以包含浇口套533，所述浇口套533嵌设于定模框531和定模座板510内，并与横向压射熔杯310的前端开口相对接，二者的内径相等且中心线重合；当然，所述定模530还可以包含其它现有零部件。所述动模540还可以包含动模脚543等其它现有零部件，所述定模框531通过动模脚543固定安装在定模座板510上，具体是所述动模脚543通过螺栓固定安装在动模座板520上，所述动模框541通过螺栓固定安装在动模脚543上。
实施例五：请参考图9和图10，一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其与实施例四的区别在于：所述横梁板480的一端部与铸造模具500的定模530固定连接，所述横梁板480的另一端部与铸造模具500的动模540可分离地连接。例如，通过螺栓将横梁板480的一端部锁紧固定在定模530上，通过动模540上的插槽与横梁板480的另一端部活动插接。当然，所述横梁板480也可以固定安装在动模540或动模座板上，此时在开合模时立式压射装置400需要与动模540或动模座板同步水平移动。
在实施例五中，所述横梁板480的一端部可以通过螺栓与定模530的定模框531固定连接，所述定模框531上可以开设有与横梁板480一端部相配合的第一插槽，另一端部与动模540的动模脚543可分离地连接，所述动模脚543上可以开设有与横梁板480另一端部相配合的第二插槽。
实施例六：请参考图11，一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其与实施例二的区别在于：所述卧式送液装置300还包含送液保温系统370，所述横向压射熔杯310的侧壁内设置有保温通道312，所述保温通道312的进口与送液保温系统370的介质输出口相连通，所述保温通道312的出口与送液保温系统370的介质回流口相连通。
在实施例六中，所述送液保温系统370包含运油式模温机371和冷却系统372，所述冷却系统372包含冷水箱373、排水块374和升降驱动机构375，所述排水块374设置于冷水箱373内且位于冷水2的正上方，所述升降驱动机构375驱动排水块374上下运动，所述运油式模温机371的出油管3711经过冷水箱373内且位于冷水2的上方，所述运油式模温机371的出油管3711与保温通道312的进口相连接，所述运油式模温机371的回油管3712与保温通道312的出口相连接，所述运油式模温机371设置有两个热电偶3713，两个热电偶3713分别安装在横向压射熔杯310的上侧壁和下侧壁，分别检测横向压射熔杯310的上下温度变化，控制送液保温系统370工作，效果更好。其中，所述升降驱动机构375为气缸或油缸，通过电磁阀控制气缸或油缸的升降运动，当然也可以是电动升降机构等，例如电动缸、电动推杆。
该送液保温系统370的工作原理如下：在送液时，横向压射熔杯310内的金属液以低速推进，排出气体，此时与横向压射熔杯310下半部内壁接触的金属液由于温度低而容易产生冷凝层，因此采用送液保温系统370。送液保温系统370向横向压射熔杯310侧壁内的保温通道312循环输送热的介质，对横向压射熔杯310下部分加热，直接热传递到金属液，控制金属液温度在适当的范围内，防止冷凝层产生。其中，介质优选耐热油，通过运油式模温机371循环提供加热油，避免水垢产生，堵塞管道。当金属液温度超过设定温度时，通过热电偶3713传递信号，控制升降驱动机构375驱动排水块374下降，让冷水2迅速上升，直接冷却出油管3711，让加热油变成冷却油，达到快速降温的效果，从而控制横向压射熔杯310的温度。其中，位于冷水箱373内的出油管3711段呈螺旋状，以增大冷水2与出油管3711的接触面积，提高冷却效果。
实施例七：请参考图12和图13，一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其与实施例二的区别在于：所述卧式送液装置300还包含送液润滑系统380，所述送液润滑系统380包含间歇式润滑油泵381和润滑油管382，所述横向压射熔杯310靠近横向压射冲头320的一端侧壁开设有至少一个注油孔313，所述横向压射熔杯310的内壁开设有至少一条连通注油孔313的润滑环形槽314，所述间歇式润滑油泵381的出油口通过润滑油管382连接至注油孔313。
在实施例七中，所述横向压射熔杯310的润滑注入点优选设计为三点式，即顶部与两侧，通过顶部的注油孔313注入润滑油来润滑横向压射冲头320的上半部，通过两侧的注油孔313注入润滑油来润滑横向压射冲头320的下半部，润滑效果恰到好处，可以延长横向压射冲头320的使用寿命，也可以减少润滑油产生的气体混入挤压铸件，降低气孔产生率。其中，所述润滑环形槽314的数量取决于横向压射冲头320的直径，如大于70mm时可设计四条，润滑环形槽314之间可以设置三条均匀分布的沟通槽315，通过沿轴向开设的沟通槽315连通所有的润滑环形槽314，让润滑油在润滑环形槽314之间互相流动，流动更加均匀，如等于70mm时可设计三条润滑环形槽，如小于70nm时可设计两条润滑环形槽。
另外，所述立式压射装置400的竖向压射冲头420可以采用相同结构的送液润滑系统，以竖向压射冲头420提供润滑油。
实施例八：请参考图1至图13，一种卧式送液立式压射的挤压铸造方法，先通过卧式送液装置300传送金属液，卧式送液装置300包含横向压射熔杯310和横向压射冲头320，横向压射冲头320的外侧壁与横向压射熔杯310的内侧壁滑动密封配合，由横向压射冲头320将注入到横向压射熔杯310内的金属液推出，再通过立式压射装置400接收卧式送液装置300传送的金属液并将金属液压射到铸造模具500型腔内，立式压射装置400包含竖向压射熔杯410和竖向压射冲头420，竖向压射冲头420的外侧壁与竖向压射熔杯410的内侧壁滑动密封配合，由竖向压射熔杯410接收横向压射熔杯310流出的金属液，由竖向压射冲头420将竖向压射熔杯410内的金属液压射到铸造模具500的压铸型腔501中，进行挤压成型。
实施例九：请参考图1至图13，一种卧式送液立式压射的挤压铸造方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(a) 准备：对铸造模具500的型腔表面先喷涂脱模剂、后吹干，向两个压射熔杯310、410及对应的压射冲头320、420输送润滑剂；
(b) 合模：将铸造模具500合模和锁模；
(c) 送液：先将预定量的金属液注入横向压射熔杯310的浇料口311，再由横向压射冲头320将横向压射熔杯310内的金属液推送到竖向压射熔杯410中；
(d) 挤压：先由竖向压射冲头420将竖向压射熔杯410内的金属液向上压射到铸造模具500的压铸型腔501中，在压铸型腔501被充满后的瞬间进行增压动作，使金属液在高压下挤压成型，并继续保压直至其完全凝固；
(e) 开模：将铸造模具500开模，横向压射冲头320和竖向压射冲头420复位，顶出挤压铸件。
在实施例九中，在步骤(a)中，可以通过喷涂吹气机械手对铸造模具500的型腔表面进行喷涂和吹干。
在实施例九中，在步骤(b)中，可以通过合模装置200将铸造模具500合模和锁模。
在实施例九中，在步骤(c)中，可以通过横向压射缸340压射动作（如慢压射动作）驱动横向压射杆330及其前端的横向压射冲头320推进，使金属液从横向压射熔杯310被推送到竖向压射熔杯410中。
在实施例九中，在步骤(c)中，横向压射冲头320的行程可以只允许压射至竖向压射冲头420的外径处，留0.5～0.7mm余量。
在实施例九中，在步骤(d)中，可以通过竖向压射缸440压射动作驱动竖向压射杆430及其上端的竖向压射冲头420上升，使金属液从竖向压射熔杯410被压射到铸造模具500的压铸型腔502中，例如先通过竖向压射缸440慢压射动作，驱动竖向压射杆430及其上端的竖向压射冲头420慢速上升，使部分金属液从竖向压射熔杯410被低速压射到铸造模具500的储液型腔502中，在储液型腔502被充满后再通过竖向压射缸440快压射动作，驱动竖向压射杆430及其上端的竖向压射冲头420快速上升，使金属液从储液型腔502被快速压射到铸造模具500的压铸型腔501中；在压铸型腔501被充满后瞬间，最后通过竖向压射缸440进行增压动作，使金属液在高压下挤压成型，并继续保压直至其完全凝固。
在实施例九中，在步骤(d)中，当立式压射装置400快压射时，竖向压射冲头420越程至储液型腔502的位置，在快压射的行程末端迅速增大压力，形成挤压，以增加挤压铸件的内部密度，使挤压铸件达到少无气孔、高密度。
在实施例九中，在步骤(e)中，可以通过合模装置200将铸造模具500开模，卧式送液装置300的横向压射缸340、横向压射杆330和横向压射冲头320复位，立式压射装置400的竖向压射缸440、竖向压射杆430和竖向压射冲头420复位，可以由顶出机构240顶出挤压铸件。
特别需要说明的是，上述的金属液可以是铝合金液、铜合金液等，可根据具体挤压铸件的材质选择对应成分的金属液。上述的立式压射装置400具有通用性，在同类、尺寸相近零件的铸造模具500中，可以通用化、标准化。上述的卧式送液装置300的速度是可调整的，并不局限于低速；上述的立式送液装置400的速度也是可调整的，并不局限于先低速、后高速；另外，整个动作循环是自动化控制的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员但凡未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做任何简单的修改、均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其特征在于，包括：
    卧式送液装置，其用于传送金属液；所述卧式送液装置包含横向压射熔杯和横向压射冲头，所述横向压射冲头的外侧壁与横向压射熔杯的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述横向压射冲头用于将金属液从横向压射熔杯推出；
    立式压射装置，其用于接收卧式送液装置传送的金属液并将金属液压射到铸造模具型腔内；所述立式压射装置包含竖向压射熔杯和竖向压射冲头，所述竖向压射冲头的外侧壁与竖向压射熔杯的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述竖向压射熔杯用于接收横向压射熔杯流出的金属液，所述竖向压射冲头用于将金属液从竖向压射熔杯压射到铸造模具的压铸型腔中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其特征在于，还包括：
    合模装置，其用于安装、开合和锁紧铸造模具以及顶出挤压铸件；所述合模装置包含固定模板、移动模板、四根哥林柱和顶出机构，所述固定模板固定安装在机座上，所述移动模板滑动安装在机座上，四根哥林柱分别穿设在固定模板和移动模板的四个角，所述哥林柱的一端固定穿设在固定模板和移动模板中的一者，所述哥林柱的另一端滑动穿设在固定模板和移动模板中的另一者，所述顶出机构安装在移动模板上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其特征在于，所述卧式送液装置还包含横向压射杆和横向压射缸，所述横向压射熔杯固定穿设在固定模板上，所述横向压射熔杯的上侧壁设置有用于注入金属液的浇料口，所述横向压射熔杯的前端开口用于送出金属液，所述横向压射冲头穿设于横向压射熔杯内且二者滑动密封配合，所述横向压射冲头固定安装在横向压射杆的前端，所述横向压射杆的后端与横向压射缸的力输出端连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其特征在于，所述立式压射装置还包含竖向压射杆和竖向压射缸，所述竖向压射熔杯设置在固定模板和移动模板之间，所述竖向压射熔杯的中心线与铸造模具的分型面相重合，所述竖向压射熔杯的上端开口用于接收金属液，所述竖向压射冲头穿设于竖向压射熔杯内且二者滑动密封配合，所述竖向压射冲头固定安装在竖向压射杆的上端，所述竖向压射杆的下端与竖向压射缸的力输出端连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2或4所述的卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其特征在于：所述立式压射装置还包含横梁板，所述竖向压射熔杯固定穿设于横梁板上，所述横梁板与竖向压射缸的缸体之间固定设置有两根关于竖向压射杆对称分布的连接杆；所述横梁板的一端与定模座板固定连接，所述定模座板安装在固定模板上，所述横梁板的另一端与动模座板可分离地连接，所述动模座板安装在移动模板上。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其特征在于：还包括铸造模具，所述铸造模具包含定模和动模，所述定模通过定模座板安装在固定模板上，所述动模通过动模座板安装在移动模板上，所述定模与动模闭合后的二者之间形成相互连通的压铸型腔和储液型腔，所述储液型腔分别与横向压射熔杯的前端开口、竖向压射熔杯的上端开口相连通，所述储液型腔和竖向压射熔杯的内腔组成挤压腔。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其特征在于：所述卧式送液装置还包含送液保温系统，所述横向压射熔杯的侧壁内设置有保温通道，所述保温通道的进口与送液保温系统的介质输出口相连通，所述保温通道的出口与送液保温系统的介质回流口相连通。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的卧式送液立式压射的冷室压铸机，其特征在于：所述卧式送液装置还包含送液润滑系统，所述送液润滑系统包含间歇式润滑油泵和润滑油管，所述横向压射熔杯靠近横向压射冲头的一端侧壁开设有至少一个注油孔，所述横向压射熔杯的内壁开设有至少一条连通注油孔的润滑环形槽，所述间歇式润滑油泵的出油口通过润滑油管连接至注油孔。
  9. 一种卧式送液立式压射的挤压铸造方法，其特征在于，先通过卧式送液装置传送金属液，卧式送液装置包含横向压射熔杯和横向压射冲头，横向压射冲头的外侧壁与横向压射熔杯的内侧壁滑动密封配合，由横向压射冲头将注入到横向压射熔杯内的金属液推出，再通过立式压射装置接收卧式送液装置传送的金属液并将金属液压射到铸造模具型腔内，立式压射装置包含竖向压射熔杯和竖向压射冲头，竖向压射冲头的外侧壁与竖向压射熔杯的内侧壁滑动密封配合，由竖向压射熔杯接收横向压射熔杯流出的金属液，由竖向压射冲头将竖向压射熔杯内的金属液压射到铸造模具的压铸型腔中，进行挤压成型。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的卧式送液立式压射的挤压铸造方法，其特征在于，具体包括如下步骤：
    (a) 准备：对铸造模具的型腔表面先喷涂脱模剂、后吹干，向两个压射熔杯及对应的压射冲头输送润滑剂；
    (b) 合模：将铸造模具合模和锁模；
    (c) 送液：先将预定量的金属液注入横向压射熔杯的浇料口，再由横向压射冲头将横向压射熔杯内的金属液推送到竖向压射熔杯中；
    (d) 挤压：先由竖向压射冲头将竖向压射熔杯内的金属液向上压射到铸造模具的压铸型腔中，在压铸型腔被充满后的瞬间进行增压动作，使金属液在高压下挤压成型，并继续保压直至其完全凝固；
    (e) 开模：将铸造模具开模，横向压射冲头和竖向压射冲头复位，顶出挤压铸件。
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