WO2019188062A1 - 電線の防水構造 - Google Patents

電線の防水構造 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019188062A1
WO2019188062A1 PCT/JP2019/008789 JP2019008789W WO2019188062A1 WO 2019188062 A1 WO2019188062 A1 WO 2019188062A1 JP 2019008789 W JP2019008789 W JP 2019008789W WO 2019188062 A1 WO2019188062 A1 WO 2019188062A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filler
water
waterproof structure
resin
electric wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2019/008789
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
悠作 前田
崇志 高田
伊藤　健二
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd, AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
Priority to US16/981,668 priority Critical patent/US11972880B2/en
Priority to CN201980021605.XA priority patent/CN111937093B/zh
Publication of WO2019188062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019188062A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/285—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable by completely or partially filling interstices in the cable
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
    • C08F2/14—Organic medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/32—Filling or coating with impervious material
    • H01B13/322—Filling or coating with impervious material the material being a liquid, jelly-like or viscous substance
    • H01B13/323—Filling or coating with impervious material the material being a liquid, jelly-like or viscous substance using a filling or coating head
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/02—Cable terminations
    • H02G15/04—Cable-end sealings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/02—Details
    • H02G3/08—Distribution boxes; Connection or junction boxes
    • H02G3/088—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings or inlets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/02—Cable terminations
    • H02G15/04—Cable-end sealings
    • H02G15/043—Cable-end sealings with end caps, e.g. sleeve closed at one end

Definitions

  • This patent application relates to a waterproof structure of an electric wire, and more particularly, to a waterproof structure in which a wire conductor is waterproofed with a water stop material at a splice portion of an electric wire terminal.
  • An electric wire whose outer periphery is covered with an insulating coating is often provided with a portion where the insulating coating is removed and the conductor is exposed from the insulating coating for the purpose of joining the conductors between a plurality of electric wires.
  • the portion where the conductor is exposed is provided in a place where contact with water may occur, the exposed conductor is subjected to waterproofing.
  • contact with water often occurs, and the necessity of providing such a waterproof structure is particularly high.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a splice electric wire formed by jointing a plurality of strips of covered electric wire, a joint portion of the spliced electric wire, and a cap made of synthetic resin covering the vicinity thereof, and the cap
  • a waterproof structure for a splice wire comprising a resin layer for closing and fixing between the splice wire and the cap and between the covered wires.
  • the resin layer is formed by curing an uncured resin such as an epoxy resin or a polyurethane resin.
  • the problem to be solved in the present patent application is that when a waterproof treatment is performed on a conductor composed of an assembly of a plurality of strands using a waterproofing material, a waterproofing material containing a filler is filled with high uniformity.
  • the object is to provide a waterproof structure for the electric wire.
  • the waterproof structure of the electric wire is the waterproof structure in which at least a part of a conductor formed by a plurality of strands is sealed with a waterproof material.
  • the material contains a resin material and a filler dispersed in the resin material, and the filler has an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or more and 15% or less of the outer diameter of the strand, Content in a material is 1 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less with respect to the said resin material.
  • the average particle diameter of the filler is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • the filler is preferably a soft filler made of rubber or elastomer.
  • the soft filler is acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, polyester elastomer, polyamide series. It is good to contain the at least 1 sort (s) of material selected from the group which consists of an elastomer and a polyurethane-type elastomer.
  • the Young's modulus of the water-stopping material to which the soft filler is added is preferably 10% or more lower than that in the state where the soft filler is not added.
  • the filler may be a hard filler made of an inorganic compound.
  • the hard filler is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of metal oxide, metal nitride, metal carbide, metal oxynitride, metal carbonitride, metal carbonate, and metal silicate. It is good to contain. Moreover, it is good that the linear expansion coefficient of the said water stop material which added the said hard filler is 5% or more low compared with the state which does not add the said hard filler. The tensile strength of the waterstop material to which the hard filler is added may be 20% or more higher than that in the state where the hard filler is not added.
  • the waterstop material may be made of a cured product of a resin composition having at least one curability selected from the group consisting of thermosetting, moisture curable, two-component reaction curable, and photocurability.
  • the viscosity of the resin composition that is not cured is preferably 9000 mPa ⁇ s or less at room temperature.
  • the waterstop material may contain at least one resin material selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, acrylic resins, urethane resins, silicone resins, polyamide resins, and polyolefin resins.
  • the waterstop material is an antioxidant, a colorant, a light absorber, a light stabilizer, an antifoaming agent, a curing agent, an adhesion aid, a leveling agent, a surfactant, a storage stabilizer, a polymerization inhibitor, and a plasticizer.
  • it may contain at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a lubricant and an anti-aging agent.
  • the particulate additive may have a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or more and 15% or less of the outer diameter of the strand.
  • the cap member may include at least one resin material selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, halogen-based polymer, thermoplastic elastomer, and rubber.
  • the water-stopping material is made of a cured product of a photocurable resin composition, and the material constituting the cap is light capable of photocuring the resin composition constituting the water-stopping material. It should have transparency.
  • the cap is preferably made of a heat-shrinkable material and is in a heat-shrinked state.
  • the water stop material includes, at the ends of the plurality of electric wires including the splice portion, a space between the plurality of electric wires, a space between the conductor and the insulating coating in each of the plurality of electric wires, and a plurality of the electric wires. It is good to fill each area
  • the average particle size of the filler dispersed in the resin material is 1 ⁇ m or more and 15% or less of the outer diameter of the strand in the waterproofing material constituting the waterproof structure.
  • content of a filler is 1 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less with respect to the resin material. Since the particle size and content of the filler are as described above, it is effective for imparting characteristics and improving characteristics such as waterproofness even in the minute gaps between the wires constituting the conductor. A sufficient amount of filler is easily distributed.
  • a water-stopping material containing a filler can be filled with high uniformity into a portion to be waterproofed, including minute gaps between the strands. As a result, in each part of the waterproof structure, high waterproofness can be secured, and the effect of imparting characteristics and improving characteristics can be used.
  • the filler when the average particle diameter of the filler is 10 ⁇ m or less, the filler can be distributed particularly effectively in the minute gaps between the strands constituting the conductor.
  • the filler is a soft filler made of rubber or elastomer
  • the soft filler is dispersed in the water-stopping material to give toughness to the water-stopping material and reduce the elastic modulus of the water-stopping material. it can.
  • the thermal stress generated in the water-stopping material can be reduced, and even when the waterproof structure is placed in a cold environment that receives repeated cooling and heating, the water-stopping material cracks and is waterproof. Can be suppressed.
  • soft fillers include acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, polyester elastomer, polyamide And those containing at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane elastomers and polyurethane elastomers.
  • the Young's modulus of the water-stopping material to which the soft filler is added is 10% or more lower than that in the state without the soft filler being added, the cold-heat shock resistance of the water-stopping material is effectively improved. be able to.
  • the filler is a hard filler made of an inorganic compound
  • the mechanical strength of the water-stopping material can be improved and the linear expansion coefficient can be lowered.
  • such a hard filler at least one selected from the group consisting of metal oxide, metal nitride, metal carbide, metal oxynitride, metal carbonitride, metal carbonate, metal silicate
  • metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides, metal oxynitrides, and metal carbonitrides are preferable because they have particularly high hardness.
  • the coefficient of linear expansion of the water-stopping material with the hard filler added is 5% or more lower than that without the hard filler added, the cold-resistant shock resistance of the water-stopping material is effectively improved. Can be made.
  • the mechanical strength of the water-stopping material can be effectively improved.
  • the water-stopping material is made of a cured product of a resin composition having at least one curability selected from the group consisting of thermosetting, moisture curable, two-component reaction curable, and photocurable
  • a resin composition having at least one curability selected from the group consisting of thermosetting, moisture curable, two-component reaction curable, and photocurable
  • the resin composition can uniformly penetrate even into the minute gaps between the strands constituting the conductor. Cheap.
  • the resin composition it is possible to manufacture a waterproof structure in which a water-stop material containing a filler is filled in a minute space between the strands with high uniformity.
  • the water-stopping material is a cured product of a thermosetting resin composition, curing can be easily performed.
  • the viscosity of the resin composition in an uncured state is 9000 mPa ⁇ s or less at room temperature, the resin composition is likely to sufficiently penetrate into the gaps between the strands.
  • water-stopping materials include at least one resin material selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, acrylic resins, urethane resins, silicone resins, polyamide resins, and polyolefin resins. Can be mentioned. In particular, when an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin is contained, the effect of suppressing cracking of the water-stopping material in a cold environment can be greatly obtained by adding a filler.
  • Water-stopping materials are antioxidants, colorants, light absorbers, light stabilizers, antifoaming agents, curing agents, adhesion aids, leveling agents, surfactants, storage stabilizers, polymerization inhibitors, plasticizers, At least one additive selected from the group consisting of a lubricant and an anti-aging agent can be contained.
  • the additive added in the form of particles, such as a lubricant The diameter is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 15% or less of the outer diameter of the strand. Such particle size is similar to that defined for the filler.
  • the splice portion is accommodated in the cap member, and the water stop material is filled in the cap member.
  • a waterproof structure having high waterproof performance can be easily manufactured.
  • the cap member there can be mentioned one containing at least one resin material selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, halogen-based polymer, thermoplastic elastomer, and rubber.
  • the material constituting the cap should be permeable to light capable of photocuring the resin composition constituting the waterstop material.
  • the water-stopping material composition can be cured by light irradiation.
  • the cap is made of a heat-shrinkable material and can be in a heat-shrinked form.
  • the resin material has thermosetting properties
  • the water-stopping material composition is cured by heating.
  • the heat shrinkage of the constituent material of the cap can be performed simultaneously.
  • the water stop material is an element constituting a space between the plurality of wires, a space between each conductor of the plurality of wires and the insulation coating, and a conductor in each of the plurality of wires at the ends of the plurality of wires including the splice portion. If each area of the gap between the wires is filled, even if the water-stopping material filled in those areas is integrally and continuously sealed, even if water contacts the terminal portion of the wire bundle The water is prevented from entering the wires constituting the wire bundle, and each conductor is protected from contact with water.
  • the electric wire waterproof structure according to the embodiment disclosed in the present specification can be any electric wire as long as at least a part of a conductor formed by a plurality of strands is sealed with a water stop material.
  • a case where a waterproof structure is formed in a splice portion where exposed conductors are joined to each other is taken as an example. , Explain.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a wire harness 1 having a waterproof structure according to an embodiment disclosed in the present specification.
  • the wire harness 1 includes an electric wire bundle 2, a splice portion 3 formed at an end of the electric wire bundle 2, and a waterproof portion 4 provided at an end portion of the electric wire bundle 2 including the splice portion 3.
  • the waterproof part 4 is configured as a waterproof structure according to an embodiment disclosed in the present specification.
  • the electric wire bundle 2 is composed of a plurality of electric wires 20 that are bundled with their axes aligned.
  • the three electric wires 20 constitute the electric wire bundle 2.
  • each electric wire 20 is configured as an insulated wire having a long conductor 21 and an insulating coating 22 that covers the outer periphery of the conductor 21.
  • the conductor 21 which comprises the electric wire 20 consists of the aggregate
  • the plurality of strands 21a may be bundled with their axes aligned, but are preferably twisted together to constitute the conductor 21 as a strand.
  • a known metal strand can be used as the strand 21a.
  • the metal material which comprises the strand 21a is not specifically limited, Copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy etc. can be illustrated.
  • the outer diameter of the strand 21a is not particularly limited, but from the standpoint of ensuring a sufficient gap S between the strands 21a in which the filler F contained in the water-stopping material 42 described later is disposed.
  • the thickness is preferably 0.10 mm or more. Further, from the viewpoint of ease of resistance welding for forming the splice portion 3, it is preferably 0.5 mm or less.
  • a strand having an outer diameter in such a range is widely used as a strand constituting a conduct
  • the material of the insulation coating 22 constituting the electric wire 20 is not particularly limited.
  • Examples of the material constituting the insulating coating 22 include polyolefins such as polypropylene (PP), halogen-based polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic elastomers, and rubbers.
  • the insulating coating 22 of each electric wire 20 is removed, and the conductor 21 is exposed without being covered with the insulating coating 22.
  • the conductors 21 of the electric wires 20 constituting the electric wire bundle 2 are joined to each other at the exposed portions to form the splice portion 3.
  • the splice portion 3 is formed by bonding and fixing the conductors 21 of the electric wires 20 by crimping, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding or the like.
  • the waterproof part 4 includes a cap 41 and a water stop material 42.
  • the cap 41 is made of an insulating resin material and is configured as a bottomed cylindrical body having a closed portion 41a at one end and an open portion 41b at the other end, and has a space inside.
  • the wire bundle 2 is inserted from the open portion 41b and accommodated in the internal space.
  • a region extending from the tip of the splice portion 3 of the terminal to a part of the portion where the conductor 21 is covered with the insulating coating 22 is accommodated in the internal space of the cap 41.
  • the resin material constituting the cap 41 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyolefins such as polypropylene, halogen-based polymers such as polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic elastomers, and rubbers.
  • the cap 41 may be made of a heat-shrinkable material. In this case, the cap 41 is preferably in a heat-shrinked state.
  • the material constituting the cap 41 is the resin composition. It preferably has transparency to light that can be used for photocuring.
  • the water stop material 42 is densely filled in the internal space of the cap 41.
  • the end portion of the wire bundle 2 accommodated in the cap 41 is embedded in the water blocking material 42 in a region extending from the tip of the splice portion 3 to a part of the portion where the conductor 21 is covered with the insulating coating 22. And is in a state of being sealed by the water blocking material 42.
  • the water blocking material 42 includes a space between the electric wires 20 constituting the wire bundle 2, a space between the insulating coating 22 of each electric wire 20 and the conductor 21, and each The gap S formed between the strands 21a constituting the conductor 21 of the electric wire 20 is occupied and filled.
  • Each region of the gap S between the strands 21a constituting the conductor 21 is filled with a water-stop material 42, and the water-stop material 42 filled in these regions is integrally and continuously sealed, so that the electric wire Even if water comes into contact with the end portion of the bundle 2, the water is prevented from entering the wires 20 constituting the wire bundle 2, and the conductor 21 is protected from contact with water.
  • the water blocking material 42 provides waterproofness to the conductor 21.
  • the portion sealed by the water stop material 42 is accommodated in the cap 41, so that the cap 41 assists the waterproof property of the water stop material 42 and the water stop material 42 is physically used. Play a protective role.
  • the water blocking material 42 contains a resin material and a filler F.
  • the filler F is dispersed in the resin material.
  • the water blocking material 42 is preferably configured as an insulating material.
  • the resin material constituting the water blocking material 42 is not particularly limited.
  • the resin material include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a silicone resin, a polyamide resin, and a polyolefin resin.
  • an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin which is a resin type.
  • the resin material may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the water blocking material 42 is preferably made of a cured product of a curable resin composition (water blocking material composition).
  • the water-stopping material composition constituting the water-stopping material 42 is prepared in a state having uncured fluidity, and the waterproof portion 4 such as the terminal portion of the wire bundle 2 according to the present embodiment is formed. It can be cured after it has been placed. In this way, the water-stopping material composition is brought into contact with the electric wire 20 in a highly fluid state, so that even a minute space such as the gap S between the strands 21a of the conductor 21 constituting the electric wire 20 can be stopped.
  • the water material composition can be infiltrated and sealed with the water blocking material 42.
  • thermosetting moisture curing
  • two-component reaction curing and photocuring.
  • thermosetting tree it is preferable to provide a thermosetting tree in that it can be easily cured.
  • the material constituting the filler F is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an organic polymer material and an inorganic material. Depending on the material characteristics of the filler F, it is possible to impart new characteristics to the water-stopping material 42 and to improve the characteristics of the water-stopping material 42 such as waterproofness.
  • the filler F may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the average particle size (D50; hereinafter, simply referred to as “particle size”) of the filler F is 1 ⁇ m or more and 15% or less of the outer diameter of the strand 21a.
  • the average particle diameter (D50) of the filler F can be evaluated by, for example, particle size distribution measurement using laser diffraction / scattering.
  • the average particle size of the filler F By setting the average particle size of the filler F to 1 ⁇ m or more, it is possible to avoid an excessive increase in the viscosity of the water-stopping material composition to which the filler F is added.
  • the viscosity of the water-stopping material composition becomes too high, the water-stopping material composition is difficult to penetrate into a minute space such as the gap S between the strands 21a of the conductor 21.
  • the water-stopping material composition can be penetrated into such a minute space with high uniformity, and the water-stopping material composition can be cured in that state.
  • High waterproofness can be obtained in the entire area of the water blocking material 42 constituting the waterproof part 4.
  • the filler F is distributed in a minute space including the gap S between the strands 21a of the conductor 21. It becomes easy. As shown in FIG. 2B, a minute gap S exists between the strands 21a of the conductor 21 and is surrounded by a plurality of strands 21a. If the particle size of the filler F is larger than the size of the void S, the filler F cannot be disposed in the water blocking material 42 filled in the void S.
  • the water stop material 42 in which the filler F is dispersed at a predetermined concentration can be disposed in a wide space such as the outside of the conductor 21, but the water stop material 42 is disposed in the gap S between the strands 21 a. Only the resin component that permeates, and the water-stopping material 42 filled in the voids F does not contain the filler F. In this case, the waterproofing material 42 filled in the gap S cannot enjoy the effect of imparting or improving the characteristics by the filler F. For example, when the filler F has an effect of suppressing the cracking of the water stop material 42 in a cold environment, if the filler F is not disposed in the gap S between the strands 21a, the gap S between the strands 21a.
  • the filler F when the particle size of the filler F is large, when the water-stopping material composition is infiltrated between the strands 21a, the filler F is clogged in the space between the strands 21a, and the water-stopping material composition is infiltrated. May interfere. Then, the permeability of the water-stopping material composition is deteriorated, and a bubble-like space is formed between the strands 21a, causing the waterproofness of the water-stopping material 42 to be reduced.
  • the particle size of the filler F is sufficiently small, the filler F is distributed in the minute gaps S between the strands 21a, and the filler F is contained in the waterstop material 42 filled in the gaps S.
  • the waterproofing material 42 filled in the space S can enjoy the effect of imparting and improving the characteristics by the filler F as well as the waterproofing material 42 filled in other parts.
  • the filler F has an effect of suppressing the cracking of the water-stopping material 42 in the cold environment, the occurrence of the crack due to the cold environment is effectively suppressed even in the portion between the strands 21a. can do.
  • Filler that can geometrically accommodate the maximum value of the average particle diameter of the filler F that can be disposed in the gap S between the strands 21a in the gap S that is formed between the strands 21a that are in contact with each other. It can be defined as the maximum value of the diameter of F.
  • FIG. 2 (b) when three strands 21a having a circular outer diameter R are circumscribed with each other in a regular triangle arrangement, the strands 21a of the strand 21a are displayed as dotted lines in the figure.
  • the average particle size of the filler F added to the water blocking material 42 may be set to r 0 or less.
  • the average particle diameter of the filler F may be 15% or less of the outer diameter of the strand 21a.
  • the filler F so that it can be arranged with a margin gap S between the wires 21a, the average particle diameter r 0/2 or less, still more if r 0/4 or less, more preferably. That is, the average particle diameter of the filler F may be 8% or less, further 4% or less of the outer diameter of the strand 2a.
  • said upper limit should just be prescribed
  • the average particle size of the filler F is preferably 20 ⁇ m or less in addition to r 0 or less as described above. Furthermore, it is good in it being 10 micrometers or less and 5 micrometers or less. As described above, the outer diameter of the wire widely used for the electric wire for automobiles is 0.10 mm or more, and the average particle diameter of 20 ⁇ m or less is the gap S formed between such wires 21a. It is small enough to allow the filler F to enter.
  • the content of the filler F in the water blocking material 42 is 1% by mass or more with respect to the amount of the resin material constituting the water blocking material 42. If the content of the filler F is too small, the characteristics of the filler F cannot be sufficiently exhibited in the water-stopping material 42. However, by setting the content to 1% by mass or more, in the water-stopping material 42, the filler F It becomes easy to obtain the effect of imparting and improving characteristics.
  • the content of the filler F is more preferably 5% by mass or more.
  • the content of the filler F in the waterstop material 42 is 20% by mass or less with respect to the amount of the resin material constituting the waterstop material 42.
  • the viscosity of the water stop material composition which added the filler F becomes high too much, and aggregation of the filler F occurs, between the strands 21a. It becomes difficult for the water-stopping material composition to penetrate into a minute space such as the gap S.
  • the content of the filler F is more preferably 10% by mass or less.
  • the minute space including the void S between the strands 21a is set. Even in such a space, the water-stopping material 42 is filled with high uniformity, and a waterproof effect by filling the water-stopping material 42 can be obtained.
  • the effect of imparting and improving the characteristics by the addition of the filler F for example, the effect of improving the waterproof property, Obtainable.
  • the viscosity of the water-stopping material composition constituting the water-stopping material 42 depends on both the particle size and the content of the filler F, but from the viewpoint of sufficiently penetrating into the gaps S between the strands 21a, at room temperature. , Preferably 9000 mPa ⁇ s or less. Furthermore, it is good in it being 5000 mPa ⁇ s or less.
  • additives can be added to the water blocking material 42 as long as the characteristics of the resin material and the filler F are not impaired.
  • additives include antioxidants, colorants, light absorbers, light stabilizers, antifoaming agents, curing agents, adhesion aids, leveling agents, surfactants, storage stabilizers, polymerization inhibitors, plasticizers.
  • the additive added in particulate form such as a lubricant, it is preferable to have a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or more and 15% or less of the outer diameter of the strand 21a, like the filler F.
  • the filler F contained in the water-stopping material 42 is not limited in its material composition. Depending on the material composition, the filler F can be given new characteristics or waterproof. Thus, the characteristics of the water blocking material 42 can be improved. Examples of suitable fillers F are described below.
  • Soft filler As a suitable filler F contained in the water blocking material 42, a soft filler can be illustrated.
  • the soft filler generally has a durometer A hardness of 40 or less.
  • the water stop material 42 When the waterproof part 4 is placed in a cold environment, the water stop material 42 may be cracked due to shrinkage / expansion of the resin material.
  • the resin material constituting the water blocking material 42 is an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin
  • the resin material has a large linear expansion coefficient and a high elastic modulus, and is a highly brittle material. For this reason, cracks are likely to occur in the waterstop material 42 in a cold environment.
  • the crack of the water stop material 42 leads to a decrease in waterproofness and insulation of the water stop material 42.
  • a filler F having a low hardness to the resin material to reduce the elastic modulus of the water-stopping material 42 and impart toughness, the occurrence of cracks in a cold environment can be suppressed. Cracks in a cold environment are generated by the occurrence of thermal stress in the water blocking material 42, and the thermal stress is proportional to the product of the linear expansion coefficient and the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the material. Therefore, by adding the soft filler, the elastic modulus of the water-stopping material 42 is reduced, so that the thermal stress can be reduced and the thermal shock resistance can be improved. That is, even when placed in a cold environment, the water-stopping material 42 is hardly cracked, and the waterproofness of the water-stopping material 42 can be maintained.
  • the water-stopping material 42 containing the soft filler is filled in the minute space such as the gap S between the strands 21a. In a cold environment, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of cracks starting from the portion between the strands 21a.
  • Examples of the constituent material of the soft filler include rubber and elastomer. Specifically, acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, polyester elastomer, polyamide elastomer, polyurethane An elastomer etc. can be mentioned.
  • the elastic modulus of the water blocking material 42 can be reduced by including a soft filler in the resin material.
  • the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the water-stopping material 42 can be reduced by 10% or more, further 20% or more by the addition of a soft filler, the cold-heat shock resistance of the water-stopping material 42 is effectively improved. Can be made.
  • the elastic modulus of the water blocking material 42 can be evaluated in accordance with JIS K 7161.
  • Hard filler As another example of the suitable filler F contained in the water blocking material 42, a hard filler can be illustrated.
  • the hard filler generally has a Mohs hardness of 5 or more.
  • the mechanism by which the water-stopping material 42 is prevented from being cracked in the cold environment by the addition of the hard filler is different from that of the soft filler.
  • the hard filler is dispersed in the resin material due to its high hardness, thereby reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the water blocking material 42.
  • the thermal stress is proportional to the product of the linear expansion coefficient and the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the material, when the thermal stress is placed in a cold environment by reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the water blocking material 42.
  • the particle size and content of the filler F are defined, the water-stopping material 42 including the hard filler is filled in a minute space such as the gap S between the strands 21a.
  • the addition of the hard filler also provides the effect of improving the mechanical strength of the water blocking material 42 in addition to the effect of improving the thermal shock resistance.
  • An example of the constituent material of the hard filler is an inorganic compound.
  • Specific examples include metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides, metal oxynitrides, metal carbonitrides, metal carbonates, metal silicates, and the like. Of these, metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides, metal oxynitrides, and metal carbonitrides are preferable because of their particularly high hardness.
  • Specific examples of these compounds include aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and oxide. Titanium, zinc oxide, fused silica, crystalline silica, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide and the like can be mentioned.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of the water blocking material 42 can be reduced by including a hard filler in the resin material.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of the water-stopping material 42 can be reduced by 5% or more, further 10% or more by adding a hard filler, the cold-heat shock resistance of the water-stopping material 42 can be effectively improved. it can.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of the water blocking material 42 can be evaluated based on JIS K 7197.
  • the tensile strength of the water-stopping material 42 can be increased by 20% or more, further 40% or more by adding a hard filler, the mechanical strength of the water-stopping material 42 can be effectively improved.
  • the tensile strength of the water blocking material 42 can be evaluated in accordance with JIS K 7161.
  • the waterproof part 4 having high waterproofness is easily formed using the water-stopping material composition having curability. can do. Furthermore, by using the cap 41 as a constituent member of the waterproof part 4, the waterproof part 4 using a water-stopping composition having curability can be easily formed.
  • the filler F and other additives are mixed with the uncured resin material to prepare a water-stopping material composition. . Then, the prepared water-stopping material composition is poured into the internal space of the cap 41. Further, the end portion of the wire bundle 2 including the region from the tip of the splice portion 3 to the region where the conductor 21 is covered with the insulating coating 22 is immersed in the water-stopping material composition held in the cap 41. At this time, the waterstop material composition penetrates into the space between the electric wires 2, the space between the conductor 21 of each electric wire 2 and the insulating coating 22, and the gap S between the strands 21 a constituting each conductor 21. To do.
  • the waterproofing portion 4 that holds the cured water-stopping material 42 in the internal space of the cap 41 and seals the terminal portion of the wire bundle 2 including the splice portion 3 is provided.
  • the waterstop material 42 may be cured by a method corresponding to the curability of the waterstop material composition. For example, when the resin material has photocurability, the waterstop material composition may be cured by light irradiation. On the other hand, when the resin material has thermosetting properties, the water-stopping material composition may be cured by heating. At this time, when the cap 41 is made of a heat-shrinkable material, the heat shrinkage of the constituent material of the cap 41 can be performed at the same time.
  • an insulated wire in which the outer periphery of a conductor obtained by twisting strands made of a copper alloy having an outer diameter of 0.16 mm was coated with an insulating coating made of a PVC composition was used. In the end of such an insulated wire, the insulation coating was removed to expose the conductor. Three insulated wires were bundled, and the conductors exposed at the ends were joined to each other by resistance welding to form a splice portion.
  • thermosetting water-stop material composition was injected into the cap made of the PVC composition, and the end portion of the wire bundle in which the splice portion was formed was inserted into the water-stop material composition.
  • the portion from the tip of the splice portion to the portion where the conductor was covered with the insulating coating was immersed in the water-stopping material composition in the cap.
  • the water-stopping material composition was heated from the outside of the cap with a heater and cured.
  • the water-stopping material composition used above was prepared by mixing a predetermined filler with a thermosetting bisphenol epoxy resin to which an amine curing agent was added.
  • the type, particle size, and content of the filler were selected as shown in the following tables in the samples according to the examples and comparative examples.
  • the viscosity of each water-stopping material composition at room temperature was measured using a viscometer in accordance with JIS-K7117-D.
  • the average particle diameter (D50) of each filler was evaluated by the particle size distribution measurement using laser diffraction and scattering.
  • a cold shock was applied to each sample having a waterproof part prepared as described above. Specifically, a cycle in which each sample was held at ⁇ 40 ° C. for 30 minutes and then held at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes was repeated a predetermined number of times. The number of repeated cycles was 500 cycles, 700 cycles, and 1000 cycles.
  • a leak test was performed at room temperature on the initial sample before the application of the thermal shock and the sample after the application of the thermal shock of each cycle number. Specifically, the entire waterproof part formed at the end of each sample was immersed in water. Regarding the electric wires constituting the electric wire bundle, the entire length was immersed in water except for one. Then, compressed air having a pressure of 200 kPa was caused to flow from an opening which is a terminal on the side where a waterproof part is not provided of one electric wire not immersed in water.
  • the elastic modulus and tensile strength are measured in accordance with JIS K 7161 using a test piece prepared by curing the water-stopping material composition, and in accordance with JIS K 7197.
  • the linear expansion coefficient was measured.
  • an average value between ⁇ 40 ° C. and 120 ° C. was adopted as the linear expansion coefficient.
  • Table 1 below shows the results of the endurance leak test together with the characteristics of the water-stopping material when each filler is added to the water-stopping material.
  • the mechanism for improving the thermal shock resistance of the water-stopping material differs between the soft filler and the hard filler.
  • a soft filler When a soft filler is added, the elastic modulus of the water-stopping material is reduced, and by adding a soft filler, the heat generated in the water-stopping material in a cold environment due to a decrease in the elastic modulus of the water-stopping material. It can be interpreted that the stress is reduced and the waterstop material is less likely to crack.
  • Example A5 using the talc filler although the thermal thermal shock resistance is improved as compared with Comparative Example A1 in which no filler is added, the silicon nitride filler and the silica filler are used. Compared to Examples A3 and A4, the degree of improvement in thermal shock resistance is small. This is considered to be because the effect of reducing the linear expansion coefficient is small because the hardness of talc containing silicate is lower than the hardness of silicon nitride or silica.
  • silicon nitride fillers (all manufactured by Denka) were prepared. All were made to contain in a water stop material by content of 10 mass% with respect to the resin material.
  • Example B2 and Comparative Example B1 are the same as Example A3 and Comparative Example A1 in Table 1, respectively.
  • Comparative Example B2 in which the particle size of the filler is less than 1 ⁇ m, the waterproof property is lower than Comparative Example B1 that does not contain the filler from the initial state before the application of the thermal shock.
  • Comparative Example B1 that does not contain the filler from the initial state before the application of the thermal shock.
  • the composition viscosity is significantly higher in Comparative Example B2 than in Comparative Example B1, and the viscosity of the water-stopping material composition increases due to the mixing of the filler having a small particle size. It is considered that the waterstop material composition was not sufficiently permeated into a minute space such as a gap between the strands.
  • the maximum value of the particle size of the filler defined as 15% or less of the outer diameter of the strand is 24 ⁇ m here, and even in Comparative Example B3 in which the particle size of the filler exceeds the maximum value, the thermal shock From the initial state before application, waterproofness is lower than Comparative Example B1 not containing a filler. This is because when the water-stopping material composition is infiltrated between the strands, the filler is clogged between the strands, so that the permeability of the water-stopping material composition is deteriorated, and between the strands, there is a bubble-like state that causes a leak. It is interpreted that this space was formed.
  • the same acrylic rubber filler (average particle size of 3 ⁇ m) and silicon nitride filler (average particle size of 4 ⁇ m) as used in the above-mentioned “confirmation of filler properties” test were used. Each content was changed as shown in Tables 3 and 4. The content is shown as a ratio (unit: mass%) to the amount of the resin material.
  • Tables 3 and 4 show the test results when the filler was added at each content.
  • Example C3, Example C7, and Comparative Example C1 are the same as Example A1, Example A3, and Comparative Example A1 of Table 1, respectively.
  • any filler when the content is less than 1% by mass (Comparative Examples C2 and C4), the thermal shock resistance is not improved as compared with the case where no filler is contained. It is considered that the filler content is too small and the effect of improving the thermal shock resistance by the filler is not sufficiently exhibited. Further, in any of the fillers, when the content exceeds 20% by mass (Comparative Examples C3 and C5), the waterproofness of the water-stopping material is lower than when no filler is contained, and the thermal shock is reduced. Only low waterproofness is obtained from the initial state before application.
  • the waterproof structure according to the embodiment disclosed in the present specification is not limited to the form provided in the terminal splice part in which the conductors of a plurality of electric wires are joined at the terminal part, and for various types of electric wires and positions. Can be applied. For example, you may provide a waterproof structure in the splice part which joined the some electric wire in the longitudinal direction middle part of the electric wire. Moreover, you may provide a waterproof structure in the part which the conductor which consists of an aggregate

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US20220028581A1 (en) * 2019-01-30 2022-01-27 Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. Insulated electric wire, wire harness, and insulated electric wire production method
US20220157491A1 (en) * 2019-01-30 2022-05-19 Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. Insulated electric wire and wire harness
US20220165453A1 (en) * 2019-01-30 2022-05-26 Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. Insulated electric wire and wire harness
US11887757B2 (en) 2019-01-30 2024-01-30 Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. Insulated electric wire and wire harness

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