WO2019076316A1 - 一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其中间体的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其中间体的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2019076316A1
WO2019076316A1 PCT/CN2018/110615 CN2018110615W WO2019076316A1 WO 2019076316 A1 WO2019076316 A1 WO 2019076316A1 CN 2018110615 W CN2018110615 W CN 2018110615W WO 2019076316 A1 WO2019076316 A1 WO 2019076316A1
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group
compound
formula
alkyl
phosphate
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PCT/CN2018/110615
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English (en)
French (fr)
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冯国兵
曹永兴
张鹏
邱振均
张龙
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江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司
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Priority to BR112020007424-1A priority Critical patent/BR112020007424A2/pt
Priority to CN201880040295.1A priority patent/CN110770231B/zh
Priority to JP2020521415A priority patent/JP2020537650A/ja
Priority to CA3079277A priority patent/CA3079277A1/en
Priority to AU2018351539A priority patent/AU2018351539A1/en
Priority to MX2020004034A priority patent/MX2020004034A/es
Priority to EP18869138.0A priority patent/EP3699177A4/en
Priority to US16/756,782 priority patent/US11407734B2/en
Priority to KR1020207013217A priority patent/KR20200072491A/ko
Priority to RU2020115609A priority patent/RU2777675C2/ru
Publication of WO2019076316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019076316A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/47Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/47Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • A61K31/4709Non-condensed quinolines and containing further heterocyclic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D215/00Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
    • C07D215/02Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D215/16Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D215/48Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
    • C07D215/54Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen attached in position 3
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicine and relates to a preparation method of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and an intermediate thereof.
  • tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been disclosed in the prior art, such as carnitinib (Canertinib, CI-1033), BIBW-2992, neratinib (HKI-272) and piritinib (Pelitinib, EKB-569) and so on.
  • WO2011029265 discloses an effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a preparation method thereof, and its chemical name is (R, E)-N-(4-(3-chloro-4-(pyridin-2-ylmethoxy)) Phenylamino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxyquinolin-6-yl)-3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylamide having the structure shown in formula I.
  • This compound has obvious pharmacodynamic advantages.
  • the dimaleate form of this compound is described in CN102933574A, which has improved physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic properties, and bioavailability.
  • the preparation of the cyanoquinoline compound of formula II from the compound of formula III is a very critical step, affecting the yield and progress of the overall production process.
  • CN101180269A reports a process for preparing a compound of formula II by catalytic reaction of 10 equivalents of phosphorus oxychloride.
  • the method has the advantages of low reaction yield, long reaction time, thick reaction product, cumbersome post-treatment and low purity in industrial production.
  • phosphorus oxychloride has strong corrosiveness and strong irritancy, it will seriously affect the health of production workers when used in large quantities; the reaction between methanol and phosphorus oxychloride system is severe, the temperature of the system is difficult to control, and it is easy to cause large-scale production. Safety production accidents. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a process for preparing a compound of the formula II in which the yield is high, the product purity is good, the amount of phosphorus oxychloride is small, and the reaction conditions are mild.
  • the invention provides a method for preparing a compound of formula II,
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a halogen, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkoxy group, a phthalimido group, Wherein the alkyl group, alkoxy group is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, amino, nitro and cyano;
  • R a and R b are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an amino protecting group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkanoyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group; wherein the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group Or alkanoyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or heteroaryl optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, amino, nitro and cyano;
  • R 2 is selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group
  • R 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, alkoxy;
  • R 4 has the following structure:
  • T is selected from -(CH 2 ) r -, -O(CH 2 ) r -, -NH(CH 2 ) r - or -S(CH 2 ) r ;
  • L is selected from aryl or heteroaryl, preferably phenyl, furyl, thienyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, N-alkylpyrrolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, said
  • the aryl or heteroaryl group is optionally further substituted with one or more halogen or alkyl groups;
  • the process comprises the step of reacting a compound of formula III with phosphorus oxychloride in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises catalyst A, which may be one or more of water, phosphoric acid and phosphate.
  • catalyst A which may be one or more of water, phosphoric acid and phosphate.
  • the phosphate may be a metal ion salt or an ammonium salt, and may be, for example, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, ferrous phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc phosphate, iron phosphate, ammonium phosphate, or the like. .
  • the catalyst A is preferably one or more of water, phosphoric acid, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, ferrous phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
  • the solvent used in the reaction may be a conventional solvent such as dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, dioxane, toluene, xylene, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl ether, One or more of isopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, acetonitrile, and propionitrile, preferably acetonitrile.
  • a conventional solvent such as dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, dioxane, toluene, xylene, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl ether, One or more of isopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, acetonitrile, and propionitrile, preferably acetonitrile.
  • the reaction temperature of the reaction may be from 0 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably from 20 ° C to 100 ° C, more preferably from 40 ° C to 80 ° C.
  • the molar ratio of the compound of Formula III to phosphorus oxychloride may range from 1:1 to 1:20, preferably from 1:1 to 1:8.
  • the molar ratio of the compound of Formula III to Catalyst A can be from 1:0.01 to 1:1, preferably from 1:0.1 to 1:0.7.
  • the catalyst further comprises a catalyst B, which may be one or more of a metal catalyst and a Lewis acid.
  • the metal catalyst may be a transition metal or the like, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, platinum, gold, palladium, rhodium, zinc or the like.
  • the Lewis acid may be aluminum chloride, iron chloride, boron trifluoride, antimony pentafluoride, antimony pentachloride, zinc chloride, copper chloride or the like.
  • Preferred catalyst B may be iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, platinum, gold, palladium, iridium, zinc, aluminum chloride, iron chloride, boron trifluoride, antimony pentafluoride, antimony pentachloride, chlorine.
  • zinc and copper chloride are more preferably aluminum chloride, iron chloride or zinc chloride.
  • the catalyst used in the reaction may comprise water + iron, water + copper, water + silver, water + platinum, water + gold, water + aluminum chloride, water + ferric chloride, water + trifluoro Boron, water + zinc chloride, water + copper chloride, phosphoric acid + iron, phosphoric acid + copper, phosphoric acid + silver, phosphoric acid + platinum, phosphoric acid + gold, phosphoric acid + aluminum chloride, phosphoric acid + ferric chloride, phosphoric acid + three Boron fluoride, phosphoric acid + zinc chloride, phosphoric acid + copper chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate + iron, disodium hydrogen phosphate + copper, disodium hydrogen phosphate + silver, disodium hydrogen phosphate + platinum, disodium hydrogen phosphate + gold , disodium hydrogen phosphate + aluminum chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate + ferric chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate + boron trifluoride, disodium hydrogen phosphate + zinc chloride,
  • the catalyst used in the reaction may comprise phosphoric acid + iron, phosphoric acid + ferric chloride, phosphoric acid + aluminum chloride, phosphoric acid + zinc chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate + zinc chloride, dihydrogen phosphate Sodium + aluminum chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate + aluminum chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate + ferric chloride or potassium dihydrogen phosphate + zinc chloride.
  • the molar ratio of the compound of Formula III to Catalyst B can be from 1:0.01 to 1:1, preferably from 1:0.1 to 1:0.7.
  • the compound of Formula III is N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-N-phenyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of phthalimide groups
  • R a and R b are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an amino protecting group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkanoyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group; wherein the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group Or alkanoyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or heteroaryl optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, amino, nitro and cyano;
  • R 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, alkoxy;
  • R 5 is selected from C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • L is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, furyl, thienyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, N-alkylpyrrolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, phenyl, furanyl, thienyl , pyridyl, pyrrolyl, N-alkylpyrrolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, optionally further substituted with one or more halogen or alkyl;
  • n is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; r is selected from 0, 1 or 2.
  • the compound of Formula III is N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-N-phenyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula II', which comprises the step of reacting a compound of formula II with a deprotecting reagent;
  • the deprotecting agent may be hydrazine, NaBH 4 , KBH 4 , alkyl carboxylic acid (such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, etc.), inorganic acid (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.), aqueous ammonia or amino substituted C 1 -C 6
  • alkyl alcohol is preferably an amino-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl alcohol, more preferably aminoethanol.
  • the solvent used in the reaction may be a conventional solvent such as dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, dioxane, toluene, xylene, and One or more of sulfoxide, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, acetonitrile, propionitrile, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and water.
  • a conventional solvent such as dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, dioxane, toluene, xylene, and One or more of sulfoxide, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, acetonitrile,
  • the reaction temperature of the reaction may be from 0 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably from 20 ° C to 100 ° C, more preferably from 40 ° C to 80 ° C.
  • the molar ratio of the compound of Formula II to the deprotecting agent can be from 1:1 to 1:30, preferably from 1:1 to 1:15.
  • the present invention provides a process for the preparation of natenatib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising the step of preparing a compound of formula II according to the present invention.
  • the method may further comprise the step of preparing a compound of formula II' according to the invention.
  • the method may further comprise a compound of the formula II' and a step of reacting wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, and halogen.
  • R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, and halogen.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising the step of preparing a compound of formula II according to the invention.
  • the method may further comprise the step of preparing a compound of formula II' according to the invention.
  • the method may further comprise a compound of the formula II' and a step of reacting wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, and halogen.
  • R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, and halogen.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of Formula I can be a p-toluenesulfonate, methanesulfonate, maleate, succinate or malate, preferably a horse.
  • the acid salt is more preferably a dimaleate salt. Salts of the compounds of formula I above can be prepared by the methods disclosed in the prior art (e.g., CN 102933574 A).
  • the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising:
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of phthalimide groups
  • R a and R b are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an amino protecting group, and R a and R b are not simultaneously a hydrogen atom,
  • the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of water, phosphoric acid, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, ferrous phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid + iron, phosphoric acid + ferric chloride, phosphoric acid + aluminum chloride, Phosphoric acid + zinc chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate + zinc chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate + aluminum chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate + aluminum chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate + ferric chloride or potassium dihydrogen phosphate + zinc chloride ;
  • the deprotecting agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrazine, NaBH 4 , KBH 4 , alkyl carboxylic acids, inorganic acids, aqueous ammonia or amino substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl alcohols, preferably amino substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl alcohols More preferably aminoethanol;
  • R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, and halogen.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula I is selected from the group consisting of p-toluenesulfonate, methanesulfonate, maleate, succinate or malate, preferably maleate, more preferably two To the acid salt.
  • R is hydroxy, the method comprising reacting in the presence of a condensing agent selected from one or more of DCC, EDC, BOP, HBTU, EEDQ, preferably EEDQ.
  • a condensing agent selected from one or more of DCC, EDC, BOP, HBTU, EEDQ, preferably EEDQ.
  • the preparation method of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor intermediate of the present invention by selecting different catalysts or combinations of catalysts, unexpectedly increases the reaction yield and purity while reducing the amount of phosphorus oxychloride. Due to the increase of reaction yield and purity, the reaction solution can be directly put into the next reaction after simple treatment, shortening the product processing time in the production process, and greatly improving the production efficiency. In addition, the preparation method of the invention has mild and controllable reaction conditions, which greatly reduces the safety risk of industrial production.
  • alkyl refers to a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group which is a straight or branched chain group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • Non-limiting examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1 ,2-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, n-hexyl, 1-ethyl-2- Methylpropyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3 - dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 2-methylpent
  • lower alkyl groups having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-limiting examples including methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl Base, n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, n-hexyl, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethyl Butyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl Base, 2,3-dimethylbutyl and the like.
  • the alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituent may be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups independently selected from the group consisting of an alkane Base, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, halogen, fluorenyl, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, naphthenic An oxy group, a heterocycloalkoxy group, a cycloalkylthio group, a heterocycloalkylthio group, an oxo group, a carboxyl group or a carboxylate group.
  • an alkane Base alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, halogen, fluorenyl, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, cycloalkyl, hetero
  • cycloalkyl refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon substituent containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably from 3 to 6 carbon atoms. One carbon atom.
  • Non-limiting examples of monocyclic cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptatriene
  • a polycycloalkyl group includes a spiro ring, a fused ring, and a cycloalkyl group.
  • heterocyclyl refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon substituent containing from 3 to 20 ring atoms wherein one or more ring atoms are selected from nitrogen, oxygen or S(O).
  • a hetero atom of m (where m is an integer of 0 to 2), but excluding the ring moiety of -OO-, -OS- or -SS-, the remaining ring atoms being carbon. It preferably contains from 3 to 12 ring atoms, of which from 1 to 4 are heteroatoms; more preferably from 3 to 6 ring atoms.
  • Non-limiting examples of monocyclic heterocyclic groups include pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, dihydroimidazolyl, dihydrofuranyl, dihydropyrazolyl, dihydropyrrolyl, piperidine.
  • the base, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, homopiperazinyl and the like are preferably piperidinyl or pyrrolidinyl.
  • Polycyclic heterocyclic groups include spiro, fused, and bridged heterocyclic groups.
  • aryl refers to a 6 to 14 membered all-carbon monocyclic or fused polycyclic ring (ie, a ring that shares a pair of adjacent carbon atoms) having a conjugated ⁇ -electron system, preferably 6 to 10 members, such as benzene. Base and naphthyl.
  • the aryl ring may be fused to a heteroaryl, heterocyclyl or cycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring to which the parent structure is attached is an aryl ring, non-limiting examples of which include:
  • the aryl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituent is preferably one or more of the following groups independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, Alkylamino, halogen, fluorenyl, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkoxy, heterocycloalkoxy, cycloalkylthio, heterocycle
  • An alkylthio group, a carboxyl group or a carboxylate group is preferably a phenyl group.
  • heteroaryl refers to a heteroaromatic system containing from 1 to 4 heteroatoms, from 5 to 14 ring atoms, wherein the heteroatoms are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.
  • the heteroaryl group is preferably 5 to 12 members, such as imidazolyl, furyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, thiadiazole, pyrazine
  • the group or the like is preferably an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyrimidinyl group or a thiazolyl group; more preferably a pyrazolyl group or a thiazolyl group.
  • the heteroaryl ring may be fused to an aryl, heterocyclic or cycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring to which the parent structure is attached is
  • the heteroaryl group may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituent is preferably one or more of the following groups independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkane Thio, alkylamino, halogen, fluorenyl, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkoxy, heterocycloalkoxy, cycloalkylthio a heterocycloalkylthio group, a carboxyl group or a carboxylate group.
  • alkoxy refers to -O-(alkyl) and -O-(unsubstituted cycloalkyl), wherein alkyl is as defined above.
  • alkoxy groups include: methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, cyclopropoxy, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy.
  • the alkoxy group may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituent is preferably one or more of the following groups independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkane Thio, alkylamino, halogen, fluorenyl, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkoxy, heterocycloalkoxy, cycloalkylthio a heterocycloalkylthio group, a carboxyl group or a carboxylate group.
  • halogen means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
  • amino protecting group is a suitable group for amino protection known in the art, see the amino protecting group in the literature ("Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", 5 Th. Ed. TW Greene & P. GMWuts), preferably
  • the amino protecting group may be a (C 1-10 alkyl or aryl) acyl group, for example, formyl, acetyl, benzoyl, phthaloyl, etc.; may be (C 1-6 alkyl) Or a C 6-10 aryl)sulfonyl group; also a (C 1-6 alkoxy or C 6-10 aryloxy)carbonyl group, Boc or Cbz; or an alkyl group, for example: trityl group (Tr), 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl (DMB), p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) or benzyl (Bn).
  • Tr trityl group
  • DMB 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl
  • PMB p
  • heterocyclic group optionally substituted by an alkyl group means that an alkyl group may be, but is not necessarily, present, and the description includes the case where the heterocyclic group is substituted with an alkyl group and the case where the heterocyclic group is not substituted with an alkyl group.
  • a bond Configuration is not specified, ie if there is configurational heterogeneity in the chemical structure, the bond Can be or Or both with Two configurations.
  • Nuclear magnetic quantitative test conditions accurately weigh a certain amount of maleic acid and sample and add to the same nuclear magnetic tube, add d 6 -DMSO, shake until completely dissolved and then quantitative hydrogen spectrum detection.
  • Example 5 of CN101180269A the compound a is charged with 27 kg, the phosphorus oxychloride is fed with 69.7 kg (10.0 eq), and the methanol is 13.5 L to obtain 20 kg of the compound b (the nuclear magnetic quantitative method (internal standard method) has a purity of 35%, actually Yield 26.7%)
  • Example 6 of CN101180269A the compound b obtained in the above step was put into a reaction to obtain 4.0 kg of the compound II', and the HPLC purity was 93%. (two-step total yield: 19.7%)

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Abstract

提供一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其中间体的制备方法。具体而言,提供一种氰基喹啉化合物的制备方法,该方法收率高、产物纯度好、反应条件温和。

Description

一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其中间体的制备方法
本申请要求申请日为2017年10月18日的中国专利申请CN201710978352.8的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,涉及一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其中间体的制备方法。
背景技术
近年来我国的肿瘤死亡率呈明显上升趋势,城市居民恶性肿瘤致死率约为100~200/10万,癌症严重威胁着人们的生命和生活质量。对于恶性肿瘤增殖,利用传统化疗药物化疗或放疗毒性大、并且特异性差,因此寻找高效、低毒的抗肿瘤药物是当今生命科学中极富挑战性且意义重大的课题。受体酪氨酸激酶是一类参与信号转导的跨膜蛋白,在多种细胞中表达,调节细胞的生长、分化和新生血管生成。研究表明,超过50%的原癌基因和癌基因产物都具有酪氨酸激酶活性,它们的异常表达将导致肿瘤发生,另外还与肿瘤的侵袭和转移、肿瘤新生血管的生成、肿瘤的化疗抗性密切相关。酪氨酸激酶抑制剂从2001年开始上市,已成为异军突起的一类新型抗癌药。
现有技术已公开了众多酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,例如卡奈替尼(Canertinib,CI-1033)、BIBW-2992、来那替尼(Neratinib,HKI-272)和培利替尼(Pelitinib,EKB-569)等。
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000001
WO2011029265公开了一种有效的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其制备方法,其化学名为(R,E)-N-(4-(3-氯-4-(吡啶-2-基甲氧基)苯基胺基)-3-氰基-7-乙氧基喹啉-6-基)-3-(1-甲基吡咯烷基-2-基)丙烯酰胺,结构如式I所示。该化合物具有明显的药效优势。CN102933574A中描述了该化合物的二马来酸盐形式,其具有改善的理化性质、药代动力学性质以及生物利用度。
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000002
在现有的众多酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的制备过程中,由式III所示化合物制备式II所示的氰基喹啉化合物是一步非常关键的反应,影响整个生产工艺的产率和进度。
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000003
CN101180269A报道了以10当量的三氯氧磷为原料、甲醇催化反应制备式II所示化合物的方法。该方法用于工业化生产时反应收率低,反应时间长,反应产物粘稠,后处理非常繁琐,且纯度不高。同时,由于三氯氧磷具有强腐蚀性和强刺激性,大量使用时严重影响生产工人的身体健康;甲醇与三氯氧磷体系反应剧烈,体系温度很难控制,大规模生产时极易引发安全生产事故。因此,目前急需一种收率高、产物纯度好、三氯氧磷用量少、反应条件温和的制备式II所示化合物的方法。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种新的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其中间体的制备方法。
本发明一方面提供了式II所示化合物的制备方法,
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000004
其中:
R 1选自氢原子、烷基、卤素、羟基、硝基、氰基、烷氧基、邻苯二甲酰亚胺基、
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000005
其中所述的烷基、烷氧基任选被选自卤素、羟基、氨基、硝基和氰基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
R a和R b各自独立地选自氢原子、氨基保护基、烷基、环烷基、烷酰基、烯基、炔基、芳基或杂芳基;其中所述的烷基、环烷基、烷酰基、烯基、炔基、芳基或杂芳基任选被选自卤素、羟基、氨基、硝基和氰基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
R 2选自氢原子、卤素、羟基、烷氧基;
R 3独立地选自烷基、卤素、羟基、硝基、氰基、烷氧基;
R 4具有下列结构:
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000006
T选自-(CH 2) r-,-O(CH 2) r-,-NH(CH 2) r-或-S(CH 2) r
L选自芳基或杂芳基,优选苯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吡咯基、N-烷基吡咯基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、咪唑基、四唑基,所述的芳基或杂芳基任选进一步被一个或多个卤素或烷基所取代;
n选自0、1、2、3或4;r选自0、1或2;
所述方法包括式III所示化合物与三氯氧磷在催化剂存在的条件下反应的步骤,其中所述催化剂包含催化剂A,催化剂A可以是水、磷酸和磷酸盐中的一种或几种。
所述磷酸盐可以是金属离子盐或铵盐,例如可以是磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸钾、磷酸亚铁、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸锌、磷酸铁、磷酸铵等。
在某些实施方式中,所述催化剂A优选水、磷酸、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸钾、磷酸亚铁、磷酸二氢钠和磷酸二氢钾中的一种或几种。
所述反应使用的溶剂可以是常规溶剂,例如二甲基甲酰胺、1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲苯、二甲苯、二甲亚砜、乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、乙腈、丙腈中的一种或多种,优选乙腈。
所述反应的反应温度可以是0℃~200℃,优选20℃~100℃,更优选40℃~80℃。
在某些实施方式中,式III所示化合物与三氯氧磷的摩尔比可以是1:1~1:20,优选1:1~1:8。
在某些实施方式中,式III所示化合物与催化剂A的摩尔比可以是1:0.01~1:1,优选1:0.1~1:0.7。
在某些实施方式中,所述的催化剂还包含催化剂B,催化剂B可以是金属催化剂和路易斯酸中的一种或多种。
所述金属催化剂可以是过渡金属等,例如铁、钴、镍、铜、银、铂、金、钯、铑、锌等。
所述路易斯酸可以是氯化铝、氯化铁、三氟化硼、五氟化锑、五氯化铌、氯化锌、氯化铜等。
优选的催化剂B可以是铁、钴、镍、铜、银、铂、金、钯、铑、锌、氯化铝、氯化铁、三氟化硼、五氟化锑、五氯化铌、氯化锌、氯化铜中的一种或多种,更优选氯化铝、氯化铁或氯化锌。
在某些实施方式中,反应中使用的催化剂可以包含水+铁、水+铜、水+银、水+铂、水+金、水+氯化铝、水+氯化铁、水+三氟化硼、水+氯化锌、水+氯化铜、磷酸+铁、磷酸+铜、磷酸+银、磷酸+铂、磷酸+金、磷酸+氯化铝、磷酸+氯化铁、磷酸+三氟化硼、磷酸+氯化锌、磷酸+氯化铜、磷酸氢二钠+铁、磷酸氢二钠+铜、磷酸氢二钠+银、磷酸氢二钠+铂、磷酸氢二钠+金、磷酸氢二钠+氯化铝、磷酸氢二钠+氯化铁、磷酸氢二钠+三氟化硼、磷酸氢二钠+氯化锌、磷酸氢二钠+氯化铜、磷酸钠+铁、磷酸钠+铜、磷酸钠+银、磷酸钠+铂、磷酸钠+金、磷酸钠+氯化铝、磷酸钠+氯化铁、磷酸钠+三氟化硼、磷酸钠+氯化锌、磷酸钠+氯化铜、磷酸二氢钾+铁、磷酸二氢钾+铜、磷酸二氢钾+银、磷酸二氢钾+铂、磷酸二氢钾+金、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铁、磷酸二氢钾+三氟化硼、磷酸二氢钾+氯化锌、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铜,优选磷酸+铁、磷酸+氯化铁、磷酸+氯化锌、磷酸+氯化铝、磷酸氢二钠+氯化铝、磷酸氢二钠+氯化铁、磷酸氢二钠+氯化锌或磷酸二氢钾+氯化锌。
在某些优选的实施方式中,反应中使用的催化剂可以包含磷酸+铁、磷 酸+氯化铁、磷酸+氯化铝、磷酸+氯化锌、磷酸氢二钠+氯化锌、磷酸二氢钠+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铁或磷酸二氢钾+氯化锌。
在某些实施方式中,式III所示化合物与催化剂B的摩尔比可以是1:0.01~1:1,优选1:0.1~1:0.7。
在某些实施方式中,式III所示化合物为
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000007
式II所示化合物为
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000008
其中,
R 1选自邻苯二甲酰亚胺基、
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000009
R a和R b各自独立地选自氢原子、氨基保护基、烷基、环烷基、烷酰基、烯基、炔基、芳基或杂芳基;其中所述的烷基、环烷基、烷酰基、烯基、炔基、芳基或杂芳基任选被选自卤素、羟基、氨基、硝基和氰基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
R 3独立地选自烷基、卤素、羟基、硝基、氰基、烷氧基;
R 5选自C 1~C 6烷基;
L选自苯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吡咯基、N-烷基吡咯基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、咪唑基、四唑基,所述的苯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吡咯基、N-烷基吡咯基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、咪唑基、四唑基任选进一步被一个或多个卤素或烷基所取代;
n选自0、1、2、3或4;r选自0、1或2。
在某些实施方式中,式III所示化合物为
式II所示化合物为
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000011
本发明另一方面还提供了一种式II’所示化合物的制备方法,包括式II所示化合物与脱保护基试剂反应的步骤;
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000012
所述脱保护基试剂可以是肼、NaBH 4、KBH 4、烷基羧酸(例如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸等)、无机酸(盐酸、硫酸等)、氨水或氨基取代的C 1-C 6烷基醇(氨基甲醇、氨基乙醇等),优选氨基取代的C 1-C 6烷基醇,更优选氨基乙醇。所述反应使用的溶剂可以是常规溶剂,例如二甲基甲酰胺、1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲苯、二甲苯、二甲亚砜、乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、乙腈、丙腈、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、水中的一种或多种。
所述反应的反应温度可以是0℃~200℃,优选20℃~100℃,更优选40℃~80℃。
式II所示化合物可以用本发明所述的方法制备得到。当脱保护基试剂为氨基醇时,反应得到的式II’所示化合物纯度高,副产物易除去,反应后处理简便,利于工业化生产。
在某些实施方式中,式II所示化合物与脱保护基试剂的摩尔比可以是 1:1~1:30,优选1:1~1:15。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种来那替尼或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,包括本发明所述的制备式II所示化合物的步骤。
进一步地,所述方法还可包括本发明所述的制备式II’所示化合物的步骤。
进一步地,所述方法还可包括式II’所示化合物与
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000013
反应的步骤,其中R选自羟基、烷氧基、卤素。该反应可采用现有技术(例如CN100537518C)公开的方法进行。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,包括本发明所述的制备式II所示化合物的步骤。
进一步地,所述方法还可包括本发明所述的制备式II’所示化合物的步骤。
进一步地,所述方法还可包括式II’所示化合物与
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000014
反应的步骤,其中R选自羟基、烷氧基、卤素。该反应可采用现有技术公开的方法进行。
在某些实施方式中,所述的式I所示化合物的药学上可接受的盐可以是对甲苯磺酸盐、甲磺酸盐、马来酸盐、琥珀酸盐或苹果酸盐,优选马来酸盐,更优选二马来酸盐。上述式I所示化合物的盐可通过现有技术(例如CN102933574A)公开的方法制备得到。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,包括:
1)式IV所示化合物与三氯氧磷在催化剂存在的条件下反应制备式IV’所示化合物,
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000015
其中:
R 1选自邻苯二甲酰亚胺基、
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000016
R a和R b各自独立地选自氢原子、氨基保护基,且R a和R b不同时为氢原子,
所述催化剂选自水、磷酸、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸钾、磷酸亚铁、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸+铁、磷酸+氯化铁、磷酸+氯化铝、磷酸+氯化锌、磷酸氢二钠+氯化锌、磷酸二氢钠+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铁或磷酸二氢钾+氯化锌;
2)式IV’所示化合物与脱保护基试剂反应制备式II’所示化合物,
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000017
所述脱保护基试剂选自肼、NaBH 4、KBH 4、烷基羧酸、无机酸、氨水或氨基取代的C 1-C 6烷基醇,优选氨基取代的C 1-C 6烷基醇,更优选氨基乙醇;
3)式II’所示化合物与
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000018
反应制备式I所示化合物,
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000019
其中R选自羟基、烷氧基、卤素。
所述式I所示化合物的药学上可接受的盐选自对甲苯磺酸盐、甲磺酸盐、马来酸盐、琥珀酸盐或苹果酸盐,优选马来酸盐,更优选二马来酸盐。
在某些实施方式中,R为羟基,所述方法包括在缩合剂的存在下反应,所述缩合剂选自DCC、EDC、BOP、HBTU、EEDQ中的一种或多种,优选EEDQ。
本发明所述的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂中间体的制备方法,通过选择不同的催化剂或催化剂的组合,出人意料地在大幅提高反应收率和纯度的同时,降低了三氯氧磷的用量。由于反应收率和纯度的提高,反应液可以经简单处理后直接投入下步反应,缩短了生产工艺中的产物处理时间,大大提高了生产效率。另外,本发明的制备方法反应条件温和可控,极大地降低了工业生产的安全风险。
除非有相反陈述,在说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语具有下述含义。
术语“烷基”指饱和脂肪族烃基团,其为包含1至20个碳原子的直链或支链基团,优选含有1至12个碳原子的烷基。非限制性实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、正己基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基丁基、正庚基、2-甲基己基、3-甲基己基、4-甲基己基、5-甲基己基、2,3-二甲基戊基、2,4-二甲基戊基、2,2-二甲基戊基、3,3-二甲基戊基、2-乙基戊基、3-乙基戊基、正辛基、2,3-二甲基己基、2,4-二甲基己基、2,5-二甲基己基、2,2-二甲基己基、3,3-二甲基己基、4,4-二甲基己基、2-乙基己基、3-乙基己基、4-乙基己基、2-甲基-2-乙基戊基、2-甲基-3-乙基戊基、正壬基、2-甲基-2-乙基己基、2-甲基-3-乙基己基、2,2-二乙基戊基、正癸基、3,3-二乙基己基、2,2-二乙基己基,及其各种支链 异构体等。更优选的是含有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基,非限制性实施例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、正己基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基丁基等。烷基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、氧代基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“环烷基”指饱和或部分不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,环烷基环包含3至20个碳原子,优选包含3至12个碳原子,更优选包含3至6个碳原子。单环环烷基的非限制性实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环己烯基、环己二烯基、环庚基、环庚三烯基、环辛基等;多环环烷基包括螺环、稠环和桥环的环烷基。
术语“杂环基”指饱和或部分不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,其包含3至20个环原子,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O) m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,但不包括-O-O-、-O-S-或-S-S-的环部分,其余环原子为碳。优选包含3至12个环原子,其中1~4个是杂原子;更优选包含3至6个环原子。单环杂环基的非限制性实例包括吡咯烷基、咪唑烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基、二氢咪唑基、二氢呋喃基、二氢吡唑基、二氢吡咯基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、高哌嗪基等,优选哌啶基、吡咯烷基。多环杂环基包括螺环、稠环和桥环的杂环基。
术语“芳基”指具有共轭的π电子体系的6至14元全碳单环或稠合多环(也就是共享毗邻碳原子对的环)基团,优选为6至10元,例如苯基和萘基。 所述芳基环可以稠合于杂芳基、杂环基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为芳基环,其非限制性实例包括:
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000020
芳基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基,优选苯基。
术语“杂芳基”指包含1至4个杂原子、5至14个环原子的杂芳族体系,其中杂原子选自氧、硫和氮。杂芳基优选为5至12元,例如咪唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、噻唑基、吡唑基、噁唑基、吡咯基、四唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、噻二唑、吡嗪基等,优选为咪唑基、吡唑基、嘧啶基或噻唑基;更优选为吡唑基或噻唑基。所述杂芳基环可以稠合于芳基、杂环基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂芳基环,其非限制性实例包括:
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000021
杂芳基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“烷氧基”指-O-(烷基)和-O-(非取代的环烷基),其中烷基的定义如上 所述。烷氧基的非限制性实例包括:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、环丙氧基、环丁氧基、环戊氧基、环己氧基。烷氧基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“卤素”指氟、氯、溴或碘。
“氨基保护基”是本领域已知的适当的用于氨基保护的基团,参见文献(“Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”,5 Th.Ed.T.W.Greene&P.G.M.Wuts)中的氨基保护基团,优选地,所述的氨基保护基可以是(C 1-10烷基或芳香基)酰基,例如:甲酰基,乙酰基,苯甲酰基,邻苯二甲酰基等;可以是(C 1-6烷基或C 6-10芳基)磺酰基;也可以是(C 1-6烷氧基或C 6-10芳基氧基)羰基、Boc或Cbz;还可以是烷基,例如:三苯甲基(Tr)、2,4-二甲氧基苄基(DMB)、对甲氧基苄基(PMB)或苄基(Bn)。
“任选”或“任选地”意味着随后所描述地事件或环境可以但不必发生,该说明包括该事件或环境发生或不发生地场合。例如,“任选被烷基取代的杂环基团”意味着烷基可以但不必须存在,该说明包括杂环基团被烷基取代的情形和杂环基团不被烷基取代的情形。
本发明所述化合物的化学结构中,键
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000022
并未指定构型,即如果化学结构中存在构型异构,键
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000023
可以为
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000025
或者同时包含
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000027
两种构型。
除非有相反陈述,在说明书和权利要求书中使用的英文缩写具有下述含义。
缩写 全称
Et 3N 三乙胺
DBU 1,8-二氮杂双环(5.4.0)十一-7-烯
TMG N,N,N’,N’-四甲基胍
Py 吡啶
DIPEA 二异丙基乙基胺
NaOMe 甲醇钠
NaOEt 乙醇钠
NaO tBu 叔丁醇钠
PCC 氯铬酸吡啶盐酸盐
EEDQ 2-乙氧基-1-乙氧碳酰基-1,2-二氢喹啉
DMAC N,N-二甲基乙酰胺
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实例详细地解释本发明,使得本专业技术人员更全面地理解本发明具体实例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案,并不以任何方式限定本发明。
试验所用仪器的测试条件:
1、核磁共振波谱仪(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer,NMR)
仪器型号:Bruker Avance III 400NMR,内标物:马来酸;试剂:d 6-DMSO;
核磁定量法测试条件:精确称取一定量的马来酸和样品并加入同一核磁管中,加入d 6-DMSO,摇匀至完全溶解后进行定量氢谱检测。
实施例1
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000028
第一步
向1L反应瓶中依次加入化合物a(1.0eq,40.0g,根据CN101180269A 公开方法制备),390mL乙腈以及85%磷酸(0.6eq,3.96g),搅拌下升温至60℃;向上述反应液中滴加三氯氧磷(5.0eq,51.62g),滴毕升温至回流反应4h。反应降至10℃,依次滴加200mL水和160mL氨水调pH至8。反应液无需进一步纯化,直接投入下步反应。
第二步
向上述反应液中加入氨基乙醇(10.0eq,41.13g)并升温至50℃反应3h,降至室温,抽滤并用乙腈水溶液洗涤滤饼,滤饼用乙醇水溶液打浆2h,抽滤得化合物II’14.05g,HPLC纯度94%;两步收率46.6%。
实施例2
第一步
在3000L反应釜中加入520kg乙腈,氯化锌(0.3eq,4522.5g),85%磷酸(0.6eq,6.5kg),搅拌下加入化合物a 65.70kg,反应液加热到60℃,滴加三氯氧磷(5.0eq,84.8kg),滴毕加热至回流反应35h。反应液冷降至20℃以下,滴加320kg水淬灭反应,滴毕再滴加氨水调pH=8。反应液无需进一步纯化,直接投入下步反应。
第二步
向反应液中加入氨基乙醇(10.0eq,70.0kg),升温至60℃反应4h。反应液降温至20℃以下甩滤,滤饼用200kg纯化水洗涤,洗涤后所得滤饼用130kg95%乙醇与250kg水混合溶剂常温打浆2h,甩滤至干,得化合物II'23.08kg。(HPLC纯度93%,两步总收率46.8%)。
实施例3
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000029
步骤1):
在300L反应釜中,加入8.0kg化合物1,二氯甲烷264kg,无水醋酸钠13.0kg,搅拌,通冷冻盐水,冷却反应体系至0℃,氮气保护下分批加入17.14kg PCC,加完后关冷冻自然升温反应5h,TLC检测(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:3)反应完全后;过滤,滤液减压浓缩得黑色油状物,经柱层析(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:3)洗脱产物,收集正组分,减压浓缩,加入64kg乙酸乙酯溶解,用0.5N稀盐酸溶液洗涤,依次水洗、饱和食盐水洗,加无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得浅黄色油状物6.42kg。
在300L的反应釜中投入二氯甲烷114kg和60%氢化钠3.05kg搅拌均匀,通冷冻盐水冷却,缓慢滴加磷酰乙酸三乙酯7.66kg,约30min滴加完毕,于室温下搅拌至无气泡产生。缓慢滴加上步得的6.4kg化合物2的二氯甲烷(85kg)溶液,约1h滴加完毕,室温反应1.5~2h,TLC检测反应完全,通冷冻盐水冷却,缓慢加入氯化铵水溶液(1.26kg氯化铵溶解于4.0kg水)至无气泡产生,搅拌反应约0.5h,然后缓慢滴加纯化水至澄清,分层,水相用二氯甲烷萃取一次,合并有机相,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,饱和食盐水洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,得到产物酯粗品,柱层析(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:8),收集浓缩正组分,得到化合物3共4.82kg,产率:45.0%。
步骤2):
在100L的反应釜中,投入4.8kg化合物3,甲酸58.6kg,于室温搅拌 15min,再加入多聚甲醛2.63kg,90℃下微回流反应3~4h,TLC检测至原料点消失,浓缩反应液中大部分甲酸(剩余约1/5),加入1M盐酸调节pH=1.0,乙酸乙酯洗涤,水相再加入饱和碳酸钾水溶液调节pH=8.0,乙酸乙酯萃取,将有机层合并,用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩滤液,得化合物4共2.42kg,产率:73.5%。
步骤3):
在20L的反应瓶中,加入2.4kg化合物4,再投入甲醇5.9kg,控制温度不超过30℃,分批加入氢氧化钾1.49kg,约1.5h加完,于30℃下反应2h,TLC检测反应完全,冰浴下用4N盐酸甲醇调节pH至4~5,过滤,浓缩滤液至干,加入乙腈2.7kg搅拌析晶,过滤干燥得化合物c共1.06kg,产率:52.1%。
实施例4
Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-000030
在20L反应瓶中,投入1.0kg化合物c,乙腈9.4kg,滴加N,N-二甲基甲酰胺30g。冰水浴下,缓慢滴加草酰氯630g。滴毕,20℃搅拌5h。反应液底部有少量固体剩余,反应液不经处理直投下步缩合反应。
将1.15kg化合物II’溶于7.2kg N-甲基吡咯烷酮中,混合搅拌10min。冰水浴下将上步反应液滴入,室温搅拌反应过夜。TLC检测反应完成。将反应液倒入40℃左右的温水中(45.0kg),搅拌条件下缓慢加入10%氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至10。过滤析出黄色固体。所得滤饼用40℃的温水(约5.0kg)打浆,后过滤,滤饼用二氯甲烷溶解分水,干燥浓缩,柱层析纯化。梯度洗 脱,初始洗脱剂为二氯甲烷:甲醇=25:1,最后增至15:1。收集正组分浓缩得化合物I为1.12kg,产率74.5%。
对比例1
第一步
根据CN101180269A实施例5方法,化合物a投料量27kg,三氯氧磷投料量69.7kg(10.0eq),甲醇13.5L,得到化合物b 20kg(核磁定量法(内标法)测得纯度35%,实际收率26.7%)
第二步
根据CN101180269A实施例6方法,将上步得到的化合物b投入反应,得到4.0kg化合物II’,HPLC纯度93%。(两步总收率:19.7%)
对比例2
向1L反应瓶中依次加入化合物a(1.0eq,40.0g),390mL乙腈以及85%磷酸(0.6eq,3.96g),搅拌下升温至60℃;向上述反应液中滴加三氯氧磷(5.0eq,51.62g),滴毕升温至回流反应4h。反应降至10℃,依次滴加200mL水和160mL氨水调pH至8。
向上述反应液中加入氨水30mL和乙醇50mL,升温至回流反应4h,降至室温,抽滤并用乙腈水溶液洗涤滤饼,滤饼用乙醇水溶液打浆2h,抽滤得12g(两步收率43%,HPLC:93%),产品中含微量(约0.3%)副产物邻苯二甲酰亚胺,在后续反应中难以除去。
对比例3
向3L反应瓶中依次加入化合物a(1.0eq,80.0g),800mL乙腈以及甲醇40mL,搅拌下升温至60℃;向上述反应液中滴加三氯氧磷(5.0eq,103.2g),滴毕升温65℃-70℃,反应54h,TLC检测仍有较多化合物a未反应完,反应后处理困难,无法计算反应收率。
由于已根据其特殊的实施方案描述了本发明,某些修饰和等价变化对于精通此领域的技术人员是显而易见的且包括在本发明的范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种如式II所示化合物的制备方法,包括式III所示化合物与三氯氧磷在催化剂存在的条件下反应的步骤,
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100001
    其中:
    R 1选自氢原子、烷基、卤素、羟基、硝基、氰基、烷氧基、邻苯二甲酰亚胺基、
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100002
    其中所述的烷基、烷氧基任选被选自卤素、羟基、氨基、硝基和氰基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
    R a和R b各自独立地选自氢原子、氨基保护基、烷基、环烷基、烷酰基、烯基、炔基、芳基或杂芳基;其中所述的烷基、环烷基、烷酰基、烯基、炔基、芳基或杂芳基任选被选自卤素、羟基、氨基、硝基和氰基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
    R 2选自氢原子、卤素、羟基、烷氧基;
    R 3独立地选自烷基、卤素、羟基、硝基、氰基、烷氧基;
    R 4具有下列结构:
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100003
    T选自-(CH 2) r-,-O(CH 2) r-,-NH(CH 2) r-或-S(CH 2) r
    L选自芳基或杂芳基,所述的芳基或杂芳基任选进一步被一个或多个卤素或烷基所取代;
    n选自0、1、2、3或4,r选自0、1或2;
    所述催化剂包含催化剂A,所述催化剂A选自水、磷酸和磷酸盐中的一种或几种,优选水、磷酸、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸钾、磷酸亚铁、磷酸 二氢钠和磷酸二氢钾中的一种或几种。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,式III所示化合物与催化剂A的摩尔比为1:0.01~1:1,优选1:0.1~1:0.7。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,式II所示化合物为
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100004
    其中:
    R 1选自邻苯二甲酰亚胺基、
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100005
    R a和R b各自独立地选自氢原子、氨基保护基、烷基、环烷基、烷酰基、烯基、炔基、芳基或杂芳基;其中所述的烷基、环烷基、烷酰基、烯基、炔基、芳基或杂芳基任选被选自卤素、羟基、氨基、硝基和氰基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
    R 3独立地选自烷基、卤素、羟基、硝基、氰基、烷氧基;
    R 5选自C 1~C 6烷基;
    L选自苯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吡咯基、N-烷基吡咯基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、咪唑基、四唑基,所述的苯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吡咯基、N-烷基吡咯基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、咪唑基、四唑基任选进一步被一个或多个卤素或烷基所取代;
    n选自0、1、2、3或4;r选自0、1或2。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,式II所示化合物为
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100006
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的催化剂还包 含催化剂B,所述催化剂B选自金属催化剂和路易斯酸中的一种或多种,优选铁、钴、镍、铜、银、铂、金、钯、铑、锌、氯化铝、氯化铁、三氟化硼、五氟化锑、五氯化铌、氯化锌、氯化铜中的一种或多种,更优选氯化铝、氯化铁或氯化锌。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的催化剂包含磷酸+铁、磷酸+氯化铁、磷酸+氯化铝、磷酸+氯化锌、磷酸氢二钠+氯化锌、磷酸二氢钠+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铁或磷酸二氢钾+氯化锌。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式III所示化合物与催化剂B的摩尔比为1:0.01~1:1,优选1:0.1~1:0.7。
  8. 一种式II’所示化合物的制备方法,包括根据权利要求1~7任意一项所述的制备式II所示化合物的步骤,还包括式II所示化合物与脱保护基试剂反应的步骤;
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100007
    其中,所述脱保护基试剂选自肼、NaBH 4、KBH 4、烷基羧酸、无机酸、氨水或氨基取代的C 1-C 6烷基醇,优选氨基取代的C 1-C 6烷基醇,更优选氨基乙醇。
  9. 一种来那替尼或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,包括根据权利要求1~7任意一项所述的制备式II所示化合物的步骤。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括根据权利要求8所述的制备式II’所示化合物的步骤。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括式II’所示化合物与
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100008
    反应的步骤,其中R选自羟基、烷氧基、 卤素。
  12. 一种式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,包括根据权利要求1~7任意一项所述的制备式II所示化合物的步骤;
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100009
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括根据权利要求8所述的制备式II’所示化合物的步骤。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括II’所示化合物与
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100010
    反应的步骤,其中R选自羟基、烷氧基、卤素。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式I所示化合物的药学上可接受的盐选自对甲苯磺酸盐、甲磺酸盐、马来酸盐、琥珀酸盐或苹果酸盐,优选马来酸盐,更优选二马来酸盐。
  16. 一种式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,包括:
    1)式IV所示化合物与三氯氧磷在催化剂存在的条件下反应制备式IV’所示化合物,
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100011
    其中:
    R 1选自邻苯二甲酰亚胺基、
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100012
    R a和R b各自独立地选自氢原子、氨基保护基,且R a和R b不同时为氢原子,
    所述催化剂选自水、磷酸、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸钾、磷酸亚铁、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸+铁、磷酸+氯化铁、磷酸+氯化铝、磷酸+氯化锌、磷酸氢二钠+氯化锌、磷酸二氢钠+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铝、磷酸二氢钾+氯化铁或磷酸二氢钾+氯化锌;
    2)式IV’所示化合物与脱保护基试剂反应的制备式II’所示化合物,
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100013
    所述脱保护基试剂选自肼、NaBH 4、KBH 4、烷基羧酸、无机酸、氨水或氨基取代的C 1-C 6烷基醇,优选氨基取代的C 1-C 6烷基醇,更优选氨基乙醇;
    3)式II’所示化合物与
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100014
    反应制备式I所示化合物,
    Figure PCTCN2018110615-appb-100015
    其中R选自羟基、烷氧基、卤素。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式I所示化合物的药学上可接受的盐选自对甲苯磺酸盐、甲磺酸盐、马来酸盐、琥珀酸盐或苹果酸盐,优选马来酸盐,更优选二马来酸盐。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的制备方法,其特征在于,R为羟基,所述方法包括在缩合剂的存在下反应,所述缩合剂选自DCC、EDC、BOP、HBTU、EEDQ中的一种或多种,优选EEDQ。
PCT/CN2018/110615 2017-10-18 2018-10-17 一种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其中间体的制备方法 WO2019076316A1 (zh)

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