WO2018221501A1 - ナットおよび締結方法 - Google Patents
ナットおよび締結方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018221501A1 WO2018221501A1 PCT/JP2018/020512 JP2018020512W WO2018221501A1 WO 2018221501 A1 WO2018221501 A1 WO 2018221501A1 JP 2018020512 W JP2018020512 W JP 2018020512W WO 2018221501 A1 WO2018221501 A1 WO 2018221501A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nut
- bolt
- annular member
- opening
- outer frame
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
- F16B39/12—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts
- F16B39/126—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts causing radial forces on the bolt-shaft
- F16B39/128—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts causing radial forces on the bolt-shaft by means of eccentrical or spiral interengaging parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
- F16B39/12—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
- F16B39/12—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts
- F16B39/122—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts foreseen with mating surfaces inclined, i.e. not normal, to the bolt axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
- F16B39/12—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts
- F16B39/16—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts in which the screw-thread of the locknut differs from that of the nut
- F16B39/18—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts in which the screw-thread of the locknut differs from that of the nut in which the locknut grips with screw-thread in the nuts as well as on the bolt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
- F16B39/26—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object with spring washers fastened to the nut or bolt-head
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
- F16B39/284—Locking by means of elastic deformation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
- F16B39/284—Locking by means of elastic deformation
- F16B39/286—Locking by means of elastic deformation caused by saw cuts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nut and a fastening method.
- it relates to a locking nut and a fastening method using the nut.
- Bolts and nuts are frequently used in various parts of transportation devices such as automobiles, airplanes, and trains, various industrial machines and devices, power transmission devices such as conveyance pipelines and electric power.
- Bolts and nuts are highly important as mechanical elements used for fastening various fastening parts.
- the nuts that are screwed onto the male screws of the bolts are loosened, and as a result, the screw tightening force and fastening force are reduced.
- bolt may remove
- FIG. 1 and 2 show a fastening structure 1000 including a hard lock nut 103.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded view before the hard lock nut 103 is fastened.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram in which a fastening structure 1000 is constructed by the hard lock nut 103 and the bolt 102.
- the hard lock nut 103 is a set of an upper nut portion 104 and a lower nut portion 105, and this is used for the bolt 102.
- the bolt 102 is a single thread with a screw outer diameter D and a pitch P.
- the thread shape is a shape in which the thread crests 110 are continuously connected by the arc-shaped concave surface 112 including the valley bottom 111.
- the screw groove 113 has a helical winding angle ⁇ .
- the upper nut portion 104 is provided with a tapered hole-like fitting portion 114 having an opening at the lower surface and a small diameter upward, and an axial center 115 of which is aligned with the screw hole core 106.
- a truncated cone-shaped fitting portion 117 having the same shape as the tapered hole-shaped fitting portion 114 is provided on the upper surface side so as to protrude upward.
- the shaft center 118 of the truncated cone-shaped fitting portion 117 is eccentric (a) from the screw hole center 116 within a range that can be inserted into the tapered hole-shaped fitting portion 114 even when the upper nut portion 104 is tightened. Are arranged.
- the valley bottom 119 is provided along the screw thread top part 110 of the bolt 102.
- a female screw portion is constructed by forming a screw thread 121 by continuously connecting the valley bottoms 119 with an arcuate convex surface 120.
- Patent Document 4 As a locking nut other than a hard lock nut, there is also proposed a configuration in which a slit is formed in a part of the nut (Patent Document 4).
- the nut disclosed in Patent Document 4 is a lock nut having a small number of parts, a simple structure, easy attachment, and a high locking effect.
- FIG. 4 and 5 disclose the structure of the lock nut 3000 disclosed in Patent Document 4.
- FIG. 4 shows a lock nut 3000 used with a conventional nut 3100.
- FIG. 5 shows a fastening state of the fastened members 308 and 309 by screwing a combination of nuts 3100 and 3000 to the bolt 307.
- a screw hole 1304 is formed in the normal nut 3100, and similarly, the same screw hole 1304 is formed in the lock nut 3000.
- the lock nut 3000 has a first slit 1301 and a second slit 1302. Further, the first slit 1301 and the second slit 1302 are formed so as to cross the screw hole 1304 and are arranged so as to partially overlap in the axial direction.
- the gap between the slits 1301 and 1302 is elastically reduced in the axial direction. As a result, due to the deformation of the gap, a strong double nut structure is not loosened. Further, since the lock nut 3000 is made of one member, it is easy to handle and can be fastened to the bolt 1307 quickly.
- FIG. 6 shows a nut 4000 in which one slit portion 1405 is formed in the nut main body portion 1402.
- FIG. 7 shows a nut 4100 in which two nuts 1405 are formed in the nut main body 1402.
- a female screw part 1403 is formed from the upper surface 1402a side of the nut main body 1402 toward the seating surface 1402b side.
- a chamfered portion 1450 is formed on the upper surface 1402 a of the nut body 1402.
- a flat portion 1404 has a predetermined length formed on the inner peripheral wall of the nut main body 1402, and a cutout is formed in the flat portion 1404 from the outer peripheral wall 1402 c side of the nut main body 1402 toward the axial core side of the nut main body 1402.
- a slit portion 1405 is formed. Note that the nut 4100 shown in FIG. 7 has basically the same configuration, but the plane portion 404 is provided on the upper surface side and the seat surface side, and the slit portion 405 is formed in the plane portion 1404.
- a locking nut can be formed only by forming the slit portion 1405 in the plane portion 1404. Therefore, the structure is simple and excellent in productivity, and the fastened member can be fastened without reducing the fastening force by an external force such as vibration by simply screwing one locking nut onto a male screw such as a bolt. As a result, it is excellent in usability and convenience.
- the inventor of the present application has found the following problems when examining existing nuts (especially, locking nuts).
- the hard lock nut 103 has a special structure capable of performing eccentric fitting, so that the manufacturing cost (or purchase cost) is compared with a normal nut. ) Is expensive. Not all fastening structures can use expensive nuts, and in fact, nuts that can be fastened firmly and loosely while being simple and inexpensive are often required.
- the hard lock nut 103 uses the upper nut portion 104 and the lower nut portion 105 having a special structure, there is a case where it is desired to firmly tighten with only one nut in the work process.
- the work of combination is added, and each special nut (104, 105) is stored neatly, and the same number of each is prepared in pairs. It is necessary to keep the management work in the field. That is, if only one locking nut is required, it is convenient to prepare only that and use it alone. Therefore, in the case of the hard lock nut 103, the installation work becomes troublesome and time is required. It also costs work.
- the inventor of the present application also examined a nut with a slit, but found that the existing nut with a slit was satisfied where the slit was inserted, and no further improvement was included. It is important not to loosen the nut, but it is also important that it is easy to tighten, which requires a new twist.
- the inventor of the present application suddenly found a technique that can solve the above-mentioned problems, and arrived at the present invention.
- This invention is made
- the main objective is to provide a novel loosening prevention nut.
- a nut according to the present invention includes a nut main body portion in which a screw hole is formed, an annular member formed on an upper surface side of the nut main body portion, and an outer frame member formed on an outer edge side of the annular member. Yes.
- the annular member has a second end that is in contact with the upper surface of the nut main body, and a first end located on the opposite side of the second end. The upper surface of the first end is located above the upper surface of the second end.
- a first gap is formed between the first end and the top surface of the nut body.
- a side surface of the annular member is disposed between the inner wall of the outer frame member via a second gap.
- the upper surface of the first end portion of the annular member is located above the upper surface of the outer frame member.
- the inner wall of the outer frame member is inclined in a taper shape upward.
- the nut body includes a side surface that defines a polygonal nut.
- the annular member has an annular shape in which an opening corresponding to the screw hole is formed.
- a third gap is formed between the end surface of the first end portion and the end surface of the second end portion of the annular member.
- the inner wall of the outer frame member is inclined so that the second gap increases from the upper surface of the nut main body toward the upper surface side of the outer frame member.
- the first end portion of the annular member when the nut is fastened, is in contact with the upper surface of the nut main body, and the side surface of the annular member is the outer frame. Contact the inner wall of the member.
- the upper surface of the annular member including the first end and the second end is the same height as the upper surface of the outer frame member.
- the end surface of the first end portion and the end surface of the second end portion of the annular member are in contact with each other.
- the nut body includes a side surface that defines a polygonal nut.
- the outer surface of the outer frame member is formed to be connected in the same plane as the side surface of the nut main body.
- the nut main body, the annular member, and the outer frame member are made of a metal material.
- the nut main body, the annular member, and the outer frame member are integrally molded.
- the upper surface of the nut main body and the upper surface of the outer frame member are surfaces along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction.
- the annular member has a structure that extends spirally upward from the second end portion.
- a screw groove corresponding to the screw hole of the nut main body is formed in the inner opening inner wall of the annular member.
- a nut according to the present invention includes a nut main body portion in which a screw hole is formed, an annular member formed on an upper surface side of the nut main body portion, and an outer frame member formed on an outer edge side of the annular member. Yes.
- the annular member has a second end that is in contact with the upper surface of the nut main body, and a first end located on the opposite side of the second end. The upper surface of the first end is located above the upper surface of the second end.
- a first gap is formed between the first end and the top surface of the nut body.
- a part of the upper surface of the outer frame member is an extended portion extending to the center side. The extension part is a part that suppresses the upper surface of the annular member.
- the inner wall of the outer frame member is inclined in a tapered shape upward.
- the pair nut according to the present invention is a pair nut including a first nut and a second nut.
- the first nut includes a nut body portion in which a screw hole is formed, an upper surface of the nut body portion, a side surface defining the upper surface, and a lower surface opposite to the upper surface of the nut body portion.
- the central axis of the screw hole in the first nut coincides with the central axis of the bolt corresponding to the pair nut.
- a lower surface opening wider than the diameter of the screw hole is formed on the lower surface of the first nut.
- the central axis of the lower surface opening extends obliquely from the central axis of the bolt corresponding to the pair nut.
- the second nut includes a nut body portion in which a screw hole is formed, an upper surface of the nut body portion, a side surface defining the upper surface, and a lower surface opposite to the upper surface of the nut body portion.
- An upper surface protrusion corresponding to the lower surface opening of the first nut is formed on the upper surface of the second nut.
- a central axis of the screw hole formed in the upper surface protrusion and the nut main body coincides with the central axis of the bolt corresponding to the pair nut.
- the lower surface opening of the first nut has a lower surface inclined surface cut by a part of a side surface of a cone.
- the outer surface of the upper surface protrusion of the second nut is an inclined surface.
- the lower surface of the first nut when the upper surface protrusion of the second nut is inserted into the lower surface opening of the first nut, the lower surface of the first nut, the upper surface of the second nut, There is a gap between them.
- the first nut and the second nut are fastened to the bolt, the lower surface of the first nut and the upper surface of the second nut are in contact with each other.
- a plurality of radially extending grooves are formed on the lower inclined surface of the first nut.
- a plurality of protrusions are formed on the outer surface of the upper surface protrusion of the second nut.
- the side surface of the first nut and the side surface of the second nut are covered with a shrink film and fixed together.
- the side surface of the first nut and the side surface of the second nut are side surfaces that define a polygonal nut.
- the side surface of the first nut and the side surface of the second nut are aligned with respect to a vertical direction.
- the shrink film is torn and the lower surface of the first nut and the upper surface of the second nut are in contact with each other.
- the upper surface and the lower surface of the first nut are surfaces parallel to each other.
- the upper surface and the lower surface of the second nut are surfaces parallel to each other.
- the nut according to the present invention includes a nut main body portion in which a screw hole is formed, an upper surface of the nut main body portion, a side surface defining the upper surface, and a lower surface opposite to the upper surface of the nut main body portion. .
- a central axis of the screw hole in the nut main body coincides with a central axis of a bolt corresponding to the nut.
- a lower surface opening wider than the diameter of the screw hole is formed on the lower surface of the nut main body. The lower surface opening is formed so that the angle of the inclined surface of the lower surface opening is different.
- a nut according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a nut main body portion in which a screw hole is formed, an upper surface of the nut main body portion, and a side surface that defines the upper surface.
- a slit is formed on a side surface of the nut body. The upper surface of the nut main body is inclined so that the notch opening side of the slit becomes higher.
- the side surface of the nut main body extends along the vertical direction.
- the upper surface and the slit extend obliquely at the same angle with respect to a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction.
- the side surface of the nut main body extends along the vertical direction.
- the upper surface extends obliquely with respect to a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction, and the slit extends in the horizontal direction.
- the lower surface opposite to the upper surface of the nut body portion is inclined so that the notch opening side of the slit is higher.
- the inclined upper surface is deformed so as to extend in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction.
- the nut main body portion including the inclined upper surface and the side surface on which the slit is formed is integrally formed of the same metal material.
- the fastening structure according to the present invention includes the pair nut, a bolt corresponding to the screw hole of the pair nut, and a member to be fastened by the pair nut and the bolt.
- a fastening structure includes the nut, a bolt corresponding to the screw hole of the nut, and a member to be fastened by the nut and the bolt.
- a screw hole corresponding to the bolt is formed in the fastened member.
- the bolt according to the present invention includes a bolt shaft portion at least partially formed with a screw thread, and a bolt head portion formed at one end of the bolt shaft portion.
- a bolt root opening is formed on the bolt shaft side of the bolt head.
- a washer is inserted in the bolt root opening.
- the washer has a first end, a second end, and an extension between the first end and the second end. When the bolt is not fastened, the second end of the washer is in contact with the bottom surface of the bolt root opening, and the first end of the washer is in contact with the bottom surface of the bolt root opening.
- the washer is accommodated in the bolt root opening with a gap in between.
- an outer frame member that defines the bolt root opening is formed outside the bolt root opening that houses the washer.
- the inner wall of the outer frame member is inclined in a taper shape upward.
- the upper surface of the first end portion of the washer in a state where the bolt is not fastened, is located above the upper surface of the outer frame member, and the second of the washer The upper surface of the end is located below the upper surface of the outer frame member.
- the upper surface of the first end of the washer is flush with the upper surface of the outer frame member, and the second end of the washer There is a gap between the upper surface of the member and the member to be fastened.
- an outer frame member that defines the bolt root opening is formed outside the bolt root opening that houses the washer.
- a part of the upper surface of the outer frame member is an extended portion extending toward the bolt root opening.
- the extension part is a part for suppressing the upper surface of the washer.
- a gap exists between the washer and the bottom surface of the bolt root opening.
- the bolt head has at least one portion selected from the group consisting of a polygonal nut shape, a driver groove and a wrench opening.
- the first end of the washer is fixed so as to adhere to the bottom surface of the bolt root opening.
- a fastening method is a fastening method for fastening a member to be fastened, and temporarily fixing the member to be fastened together with the pair nut by a step of preparing the pair nut and a bolt corresponding to the screw hole of the pair nut. And a step of performing screwing on the temporarily fixed member to be fastened.
- a fastening method is a fastening method of fastening a member to be fastened, and temporarily fixing the member to be fastened together with the nut by a step of preparing the nut and a bolt corresponding to the screw hole of the nut. And a step of performing screwing on the temporarily fixed member to be fastened.
- the fixing method according to the present invention is a fixing method using a fastening member, and the fastening member includes an annular member having a first end and a second end, and an end surface of the first end; A third gap is formed between the end surface of the second end portion, and the annular member is spiral so that the upper surface of the first end portion is located above the upper surface of the second end portion.
- an outer frame member having an inclined surface close to a side surface of the annular member is included together with the annular member.
- the fixing method according to the present invention includes a step of preparing the fastening member, and a step of pushing in the first end portion by bringing the first end portion of the annular member in the fastening member into contact with a member to be fastened. Along with the pushing step, the step of pressing the side surface of the annular member against the inclined surface, and the upper surface of the annular member including the first end portion and the second end portion are in contact with the fastened member And a step of causing.
- a thread groove is formed in the inner opening inner wall of the annular member, and in the contacting step, the upper surface of the annular member is flush with the end surface of the first end portion. And the end surface of the second end portion are in contact with each other.
- an upper surface of the first end portion of the annular member is located on the same plane as an upper surface of the outer frame member, and the first member of the annular member is There is a gap between the upper surface of the end portion and the upper surface of the second end portion.
- the fastening member is the nut.
- the annular member is a washer
- the fastening member is the bolt
- a nut according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a nut main body portion in which a screw hole is formed, an annular member formed on an upper surface side of the nut main body portion, and an outer frame member formed on an outer edge side of the annular member. It has.
- the annular member has a second end that is in contact with the upper surface of the nut main body, and a first end located on the opposite side of the second end. The upper surface of the first end is located above the upper surface of the second end.
- a first gap is formed between the first end and the top surface of the nut body.
- a side surface of the second end portion of the annular member is substantially in contact with an inner wall of the outer frame member.
- the outer frame member may be a member different from the nut main body.
- the screw hole extends from the vertical direction (the axial direction of the bolt), but the central axis of the opening (taper opening) located around the screw hole is It is formed so as to extend from the vertical direction.
- an opening cut out by a part of a conical shape is formed.
- the nut (female nut) is used in combination with a nut having a protrusion (male nut).
- the screw hole extends from the vertical direction (the axial direction of the bolt), but the opening (taper opening) located around the screw hole has an inclined surface. Are formed to have different angles.
- the nut (female nut) is used in combination with a nut having a protrusion (male nut).
- the pair nut according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a first nut and a second nut,
- the side surfaces of the first nut and the second nut are covered with a resin film (for example, an annular film or a shrink film), and the first nut and the second nut are fixed integrally.
- the side surface of the first nut and the side surface of the second nut are side surfaces that define a polygonal nut, and the side surfaces are aligned along the vertical direction.
- the nut according to the present invention includes an annular member formed on the upper surface side of the nut main body portion in which the screw hole is formed, and an outer frame member formed on the outer edge side of the annular member.
- a first gap is formed between the one end and the top surface of the nut body, and a second gap is formed between the side surface of the annular member and the inner wall of the outer frame member.
- the upper surface of the first end portion of the annular member is located above the upper surface of the outer frame member, and the inner wall of the outer frame member is inclined so that the second gap becomes larger upward. (Or taper shape).
- the first end portion of the annular member comes into contact first (in the case of a double nut, it comes into contact with another nut), and this first end portion is pushed into the first end. 1
- the annular member is deformed in a direction in which the first gap is eliminated, thereby eliminating a gap (backlash) formed in a screwed portion between the female screw portion and the male screw portion.
- the female screw part (nut) and the male screw part (bolt) can be brought into close contact with each other, and a strong frictional force can be obtained between the female screw part (nut) and the male screw part (bolt).
- a strong frictional force can be obtained between the female screw part (nut) and the male screw part (bolt).
- the annular member is deformed in the direction of spreading outward, but the deformation can be stopped at the inner wall of the outer frame member so that the force does not escape.
- the inner wall of the outer frame member has a tapered shape (since it is inclined so that the second gap increases toward the upper side), the inner wall has a force that deforms the annular member outward.
- the annular member can protect the foreign material and external force which affect a fastening part, it has contributed also to protecting the fastening force of a fastening structure. As a result, it is possible to realize a nut that is easy to tighten while preventing loosening.
- the central axis of the screw hole in the first nut and the second nut coincides with the central axis of the bolt, and a lower surface opening is formed on the lower surface of the first nut.
- the central axis extends obliquely from the central axis of the bolt, and an upper surface protrusion is formed on the upper surface of the second nut. Therefore, when the upper surface protrusion of the second nut is inserted into the lower surface opening of the first nut and the first nut and the second nut are fastened, the central axis of the lower surface opening of the first nut extends with an inclination.
- the upper surface of the upper surface protrusion of the second nut does not uniformly contact the lower surface opening of the first nut, but contacts the lower surface opening of the first nut non-uniformly (one side has priority). . Therefore, since the second nut is initially slightly inclined and mixed into the lower surface opening of the first nut, it is formed at the threaded portion between the female screw portion (nut) and the male screw portion (bolt). The gap (backlash) is eliminated, and the female screw portion (nut) and the male screw portion (bolt) can be brought into close contact with each other.
- the center axes of the screw holes in the first nut and the second nut are coincident (coincident with the center axis of the bolt), the center axes of the screw holes of the first nut and the second nut are not coincident with each other. Compared to the above, it becomes easier to manufacture the first nut and the second nut.
- the central axes of the screw holes in the first nut and the second nut coincide (coincide with the central axis of the bolt), the two nuts (pair nuts) of the first nut and the second nut are operated once ( Rotation) is convenient because it can be put in the bolt.
- FIG. It is an exploded view which shows the structure of the conventional hard lock nut 103.
- FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the fastening structure 1000 containing the conventional hard lock nut 103.
- FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the improved product of the lower nut part 105 in the conventional hard lock nut.
- FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the fastening state of the to-be-fastened members 308 and 309 which screwed together the combination of nut 3100 * 3000 with the volt
- FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the nut 4000 in which one slit part 1405 was formed.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a nut 200.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows a mode that the nut 200 and the volt
- FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining a mode that it fastens with the nut 200.
- FIG. It is an expanded sectional view for demonstrating a mode that the nut 200 is fastened.
- (A) to (d) are process diagrams for explaining the fastening operation of the annular member 41.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing configurations of a nut 400 and a nut 500. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the pair nut 600 with which the nut 400 and the nut 500 were combined.
- 4 is a rear perspective view showing the configuration of a nut 400.
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing the configuration of a nut 400.
- FIG. 5 is a bottom view (bottom view) showing the configuration of the nut 400.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view (top view) showing the configuration of a nut 400.
- FIG. It is a bottom view (bottom view) showing the configuration of a modified example of the nut 400.
- 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a groove portion 36.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is an exploded view (cross-sectional view) showing how a pair nut 600 is fastened to a bolt 80.
- 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a fastening structure 601 fastened by a pair nut 600 and a bolt 80.
- FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the volt
- FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the bolt head 82 of the volt
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view (a front view or a side view) showing the configuration of the nut 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of the nut 200 of the first embodiment. 17 and 18, which will be described later, an upward arrow 99 is shown in the vertical direction, and the upward direction is referred to as "up” or “upper surface” for convenience. Since the “up” direction is for convenience, the surface named “upper surface” may be turned sideways or faced downward depending on the orientation of the nut 200.
- the nut 200 includes a nut main body portion 10 in which the screw holes 30 are formed, and an annular member 41 formed on the upper surface side of the nut main body portion 10.
- An outer frame member 45 is formed on the outer edge side of the annular member 41.
- the nut 200 of this embodiment is a polygonal nut, and in the illustrated example, a nut.
- the nut 200 includes a nut main body 10 in which a screw hole 30 is formed, and an upper surface 11 and a side surface 15 of the nut main body 10.
- a screw thread 31 is formed on the inner surface of the screw hole 30, and a screw groove is formed between adjacent screw threads 31.
- the upper surface 11 of the nut main body 10 is defined by the side surface 15. In other words, the upper surface of the region surrounded by the side surface 15 is the upper surface.
- the annular member 41 has a second end portion 42b that is in contact with the upper surface 11 of the nut body portion 10, and a first end portion 42a that is located on the opposite side of the second end portion 42b. And the upper surface of the 1st end part 42a is located above the upper surface of the 2nd end part 42b. A gap 40 is formed between the first end 42 a and the upper surface 11 of the nut body 10.
- the annular member 41 has an annular shape in which an opening corresponding to the screw hole 30 is formed.
- a gap 48 is formed between the end surface 42t1 of the first end portion 42a and the end surface (42t2) of the second end portion 42b in the annular member (annular member) 41. That is, a part of the annular member 41 of the present embodiment is cut (substantially circular arc shape), and the first end portion 42a and the second end portion 42b are separated from each other.
- a ring extension 42 c is located between the first end 42 a and the second end 42 b of the annular member 41.
- the annular member 41 has a structure that extends spirally upward from the second end portion 42b.
- a thread groove corresponding to the threaded hole 30 of the nut body 10 is formed on the inner wall of the central opening of the annular member 41. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the thread groove is not formed on the inner wall of the central opening of the annular member 41.
- the second end portion 42b is integrated with the upper surface 11 of the nut body portion 10, but the upper surface of the nut body portion 10 is welded (or other joining means) to the second end portion 42b. 11 can also be joined. Further, the second end portion 42 b is in contact with the upper surface 11 of the nut body portion 10, but there is a gap 40 between the other portions (42 c and 42 a) and the upper surface 11.
- the side surface 41 s of the annular member 41 is disposed between the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45 via the second gap 49.
- the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45 is an inclined surface (or a wall portion including the inclined surface) that is inclined upward in a tapered shape. Specifically, the inner wall 47 is inclined so that the second gap 49 increases from the upper surface 11 of the nut body 10 toward the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45 (that is, in a tapered shape). ) Note that a part of the side surface 41 s (a region that is in contact with the upper surface 11) is in contact with the inner wall 47, and the other part of the side surface 41 s is separated from the inner wall 47, thereby forming a gap 49. Also good.
- the inclination angle (taper angle) of the inner wall 47 is an angle formed by the horizontal line L2 and the inclined surface 47 (an angle based on the acute angle side), for example, about 45 ° ⁇ 25 ° (for example, 70 °, 60 °, 45 °).
- specific numerical values may be appropriately selected according to the application and characteristics required for the nut 200.
- the taper angle can be defined by the angle formed by the horizontal line L4 and the inclined surface 47 (an angle based on the obtuse angle side).
- the upper surface of the first end portion 42 a of the annular member 41 is located above the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the upper surface 11 of the nut main body 10 is a surface along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction (99). That is, in the configuration of the present embodiment, the upper surface 11 is not inclined but is a horizontal surface.
- the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45 is also a surface (horizontal plane) along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction. In addition, although demonstrated as a horizontal surface, you may give processes, such as a chamfering process.
- the first end 42 a of the annular member 41 is connected to the upper surface 11 of the nut body 10. Contact. That is, the gap 40 disappears, and the first end 42 a (in addition, the second end 42 b and the ring extension 42 c) of the annular member 41 contacts the upper surface 11 of the nut body 10. Further, the side surface (outer surface) 41 s of the annular member 41 is in contact with the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45. Furthermore, the upper surface of the annular member 41 including the first end portion 42 a and the second end portion 42 b is the same height as the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45 is a surface that contacts a member to be fastened (a plate-shaped member or a nut).
- a member to be fastened a plate-shaped member or a nut.
- the end surface 42t1 of the first end 42a of the annular member 41 and the end surface 42t2 of the second end 42b come into contact with each other. That is, the first end portion 42a and the second end portion 42b of the annular member 41 are caught, and the gap 48 is eliminated.
- the nut 200 of this embodiment is made of a metal material. That is, the nut main body 10, the annular member 41, and the outer frame member 45 are made of a metal material. However, the nut 200 can be made of a material other than a metal material (for example, a resin material). In addition, the nut body 10, the annular member 41, and the outer frame member 45 are integrally molded. That is, the nut main body 10, the annular member 41, and the outer frame member 45 are configured by being continuously connected with the same material.
- the nut 200 may be constructed by combining some members by welding (or bonding or the like (for example, adhesion by an adhesive or adhesion by an adhesive)) instead of integral molding.
- the annular member 41 and the nut main body 10 can be brought into contact with each other by gravity.
- the annular member 41 and the nut main body 10 are configured as separate members, and the second end 42b of the annular member 41 is brought into contact with the upper surface 11 of the nut main body 10 by gravity. Also good.
- the second end portion 42b of the annular member 41 is attached to the upper surface 11 of the nut body 10 (for example, adhesion by an adhesive, adhesion by an adhesive, adhesion by liquid viscosity, coupling by magnetic force, etc.), it is upside down. (Or horizontally or diagonally), it can be prevented from falling or shifting, which is convenient for handling.
- integral molding there is an advantage that the strength can be increased, and a process such as welding can be omitted.
- the dimension “ ⁇ 1” is a diameter based on the lower end of the inclined surface 47
- the dimension “ ⁇ 2” is a diameter based on the upper end of the inclined surface 47. Since the inner wall (inclined surface) 47 is tapered, a relationship of ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 is established.
- the height “T1” is the distance from the lower surface (bottom surface) 13 to the upper surface 11, and the height “T2” is the distance from the lower surface (bottom surface) 13 to the upper surface 46.
- “T3” is the thickness of the annular member 41.
- the dimension “e” represents the distance of the gap 48 between the first end 42 a and the second end 42 b of the annular member 41.
- the dimension “f” represents the distance between the upper surface of the first end portion 42 a and the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the lines “L1” and “L2” are horizontal lines along the upper surface 11 and the bottom surface 13 of the nut body 10, respectively, and the line “L3” is a horizontal line along the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45. It is.
- the dimension “G” represents the diameter of the annular member (annular member) 41.
- the dimension “G” represents the width of the annular member.
- the dimension “I” is a diameter on the outer surface 45 s of the outer frame member 45. As shown in FIG.
- the wall portion (or upper surface 46) of the outer frame member 45 has a circular shape (annular shape) corresponding to the annular member (annular member) 41.
- the dimension “J” is the width of the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- FIG. 10 shows a configuration in which the nut 200 of the present embodiment is arranged on the bolt shaft portion (screw shaft portion) 85 of the bolt 80.
- the screw shaft portion 85 is inserted into an opening 63 formed in the surface 61 a of the first member 61 that is the member to be fastened 69.
- a screw hole 65 is formed in the bottom surface of the opening 63.
- the first member 61 can also be formed with a screw hole 65 without the opening 63 and the screw shaft 85 can be inserted into the screw hole 65.
- a normal nut (a typical nut (for example, the normal nut 3100 shown in FIG. 5)) and the nut 200 of this embodiment are configured as a double nut (see FIG. 5). It can be combined with the configuration as shown.
- a member other than a nut such as a washer may be interposed.
- the upper surfaces (annular members 41) of the nut 200 of the present embodiment are brought into contact with each other and fastened, compared with a double nut structure of normal nuts (3100) (or a combination of the normal nut 3100 and the nut 200).
- a double nut structure having a very strong fastening force.
- the top surface 11 side (fastening surface side) of the nut 200 is crushed during fastening, and the structure is difficult to remove by reverse rotation. Become.
- the upper surfaces (annular members 41) of the nut 200 are brought into contact with each other and fastened, the nut 200 is more strongly meshed and is difficult to be removed. It is extremely difficult.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the fastened members 61 and 62 are fastened by the screw shaft portion 85 and the nut 200.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the nut 200 shown in FIG.
- the fastened members 61 and 62 are laminated (contact surface 66), and screw holes 65 and 67 passing through both members (here, plate-like members) 61 and 62 are formed. Is provided.
- a screw shaft portion 85 is inserted into the screw holes 65 and 67.
- the nut 200 is set on the inserted screw shaft portion 85, and the nut 200 is rotated so that the nut 200 advances in the direction of the arrow 50 (downward on the paper surface).
- the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45 has an inclined surface (tapered shape), the vertical force 51 (upward in the drawing) applied to the annular member 41 is easily converted to the force indicated by the arrow 53.
- the gap 48 between the first end portion 42a and the second end portion 42b is filled by the force of the arrow 53, the annular member 41 becomes flat and integral (annular), and the gap 40 disappears, so that 81 can be fastened with the nut 200 (annular member 41) firmly engaged.
- the nut 200 can be tightened more firmly than a normal nut, but even after the tightening, the presence of the gap (second gap) 49 can absorb vibrations from the outside. 200 is difficult to loosen.
- the outer frame member 45 securely protects the fastening portion (41 and the like), it is difficult to loosen in that respect.
- FIGS. 13A to 13D are process diagrams for explaining the operation of how the annular member 41 is fastened. These drawings are also diagrams for explaining the manufacturing process of the fastening structure.
- the annular member 41 is set so that the first end portion 42a protrudes downward.
- An inner wall 47 (particularly, an inclined surface) is disposed around the annular member 41.
- the surface 41u (the upper surface in FIG. 8 and the lower surface in this figure) of the annular member 41 faces downward.
- the first end 42a protruding downward is first pushed (arrow 51), and the first end 42a is pushed toward the upper surface 11 side. Accordingly, the gap 40 decreases.
- the gap 48 (e) between the first end 42a and the second end 42b is filled, and the integrated annular member 41 strengthens the thread 81 more firmly. Grab and tighten. In this way, a strong fastening is obtained. Therefore, according to the nut 200 of the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a nut that is easy to tighten while preventing loosening.
- the upper surface 41u of the first end portion 42a of the annular member 41 in addition to the upper surface 41u of the first end portion 42a of the annular member 41, the upper surface 41u of the second end portion 42b and the upper surface u of the extension portion 42c are It comes to be located in the same plane as the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45, and the contact area can be increased (maximum).
- Such a configuration may be adopted, but when fastened, the upper surface 41u of the first end portion 42a is positioned in the same plane as the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45, and the upper surface of the second end portion 42b.
- the nut 200 includes an annular member 41 formed on the upper surface (11) side of the nut main body 10 in which the screw hole 30 is formed, and an outer member formed on the outer edge side of the annular member 41. It is comprised from the frame member 45.
- FIG. And the 1st clearance gap 40 is formed between the 1st end part 42a of the annular member 41, and the upper surface 11 of the nut main-body part 10, Between the side surface 41s of the annular member 41, and the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45, it is.
- a second gap 49 is formed.
- the upper surface 41 u of the first end portion 42 a of the annular member 41 is located above the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45 has a tapered shape (in other words, it is inclined so that the second gap 49 becomes larger upward).
- the first end 42a of the annular member 41 first contacts the fastened member (61) (in the case of a double nut, it contacts other nuts). ), The first end portion 42a is pushed in to eliminate the first gap 40 (arrow 51), and the play on the male screw / female screw (or screw thread / screw valley) is canceled, and the screw thread of the screw shaft 85 is removed. 81 can be firmly bitten and gripped (can be locked). Specifically, since the annular member 41 is inclined as in the configuration of the present embodiment, the protruding first end portion 42a of the annular member 411 is first contacted with the contact surface (fastened member).
- the first gap (slit) 40 is crushed and deformed, so that the structure is easy to tighten.
- the first gap (slit) 40 is crushed, and the inclined annular member 41 is parallel (horizontal) to the contact surface, so apply force firmly to the contact surface. Becomes easier.
- the upper surface 41u of the annular member 41 is deformed (mainly deformed in the vertical direction) in a direction in which the first gap (slit) 40 is eliminated, so that the threaded portion between the female screw portion and the male screw portion
- the internal thread part (nut) and the male thread part (bolt) can be brought into close contact with each other by eliminating the gap (backlash) formed in the inner part. Strong friction between the female thread part (nut) and the male thread part (bolt) As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the nut from loosening from the male screw such as a bolt due to vibration or the like and the screwing force from being lowered.
- the annular member 41 is deformed in the direction of spreading outward, but the deformation can be stopped at the inner wall of the outer frame member so that the force does not escape.
- the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45 has a tapered shape (because it is inclined so that the second gap 49 becomes larger upward), the force that deforms the annular member 41 outward ( Further, it is possible to perform the fastening firmly while adjusting the longitudinal force 51) well, that is, using the reaction force 53 so that the fastening force does not escape.
- the outer frame member 45 can protect foreign matters and external forces that affect the fastening portions (41, 81), the fastening force of the fastening structure can be more reliably protected.
- the second gap 49 is formed between the side surface 41s of the annular member 41 and the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45, even if vibration occurs in the fastening portion (41, 81), the gap 49 Absorbs the influence of the vibration, so that the fastening force of the fastening structure can be more reliably protected in this respect as well.
- a lock nut (a nut for preventing loosening) is constructed with a simple structure in which a slit is formed in the nut body 10, the slit 20 is inserted in the nut body 10, so that in terms of strength, there is no slit. It falls compared with a nut (for example, normal nut 90).
- the nut body 10 is not provided with the slit 20, and the gap 40 is provided on the upper surface (11) side of the nut body 10, and the annular member 41 using the gap 40 is used.
- Can build lock nuts Since the nut body portion 10 does not have the slit 20, the nut 200 of this embodiment is excellent in terms of strength. Even when the same strength is achieved, the nut 200 of the present embodiment can use a relatively inexpensive material / manufacturing method as compared to a nut with a slit, which is advantageous in terms of cost. It is.
- the nut 200 of the present embodiment can be modified to the form shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 are a cross-sectional view and a perspective view, respectively, showing a modified example of the nut 200 of the present embodiment.
- the outer frame member 45 has a polygonal nut shape (here, a hexagonal nut) in the same manner as the nut body 10.
- the outer side surface 45 s of the outer frame member 45 constitutes the same surface as the side surface 15 of the nut body 10.
- a tool for a hexagon nut such as a wrench
- an instrument having a prevailing standard such as a wrench
- the strength of the outer frame member 45 can be improved as compared with the nut 200 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a method for manufacturing the nut 400 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a nut 400 (female nut) according to the present embodiment and a nut 500 (male nut) combined with the nut 400.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a pair nut 600 in which the nut 400 and the nut 500 are combined.
- 19A to 19D show configurations of a bottom side perspective view, a side view, a bottom view (bottom view), and a plan view (top view) of the nut 400, respectively.
- the structure (features) of the nut 400 will be described with reference to FIG. 16 while explaining the method for manufacturing the nut 400 according to the present embodiment. Note that in FIG. 16, the ratio of dimensions is not strict, giving priority to easy understanding.
- the screw hole 405 is inclined with respect to the central axis C2 of the bolt used (vertical direction 99 in FIG. 17A) (angle ⁇ 10 between the axis C2 and the axis C1).
- An opening (tapered opening) 409 having an inclined surface (tapered surface) extending from the outer edge is formed.
- a screw hole 405 having a screw thread 406 is formed in a rod member (here, a hexagonal column for constituting a hexagonal nut) 401.
- an opening 407 having a conical shape (409) at one end of the rod member 401 in which the screw hole 405 is formed (here, an end surface serving as a bottom surface of the nut 400) is formed.
- an inclined surface (tapered surface) 409 corresponding to a part of the side surface of the cone is formed on the outer edge near the exit of the screw hole 405 on the bottom surface of the nut (400), and an opening (tapered) surrounded by the inclined surface 409 is formed. Opening) 407 is made.
- the central axis C1 is inclined at an inclination angle ⁇ 10.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 10 is, for example, about 4 ° to 15 ° (in a preferred example, 7 ° or 7 ° ⁇ 3 °, etc.), but is not limited thereto, and the inclination angle ⁇ 10 is a nut to be manufactured. Appropriate ones can be selected in accordance with 400 characteristics (required numerical values depending on the intended use and fastening state required for use).
- the angle ⁇ 20 of the tapered opening 409 is, for example, 20 ° to 40 °, and preferably 30 ° (or, for example, 30 ° ⁇ 10 °).
- the angle ⁇ 20 is not limited to these exemplified angles, and a suitable one is appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the nut 400 to be manufactured (required numerical values depending on the usage and fastening state required for use). be able to.
- the cross-sectional shape of the inclined surface 409 is a linear shape, but it may be a curved line.
- the tapered opening 407 cut in the conical shape (409) may include not only those having a straight section but also those having a substantially conical shape having such a curved shape.
- the diameter W1 of the rod member (in the case of a hexagonal column, the diameter of its circumscribed circle) is, for example, 15 mm.
- the diameter W1 is preferably a diameter of a nut that is typically used, and is not limited to 15 mm, and may be any other one (may be based on an inch).
- the opening depth D1 (shallow side: the depth from the end surface to the line reaching the outer edge of the screw hole 405) is 2 to 6 mm (for example, 2.0 to 2.5 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.9 mm, etc.), and the opening depth D2 (deep side) is 5 mm to 12 mm (for example, 2.5 mm, 6.8 mm, 10.25 mm).
- the diameter (diameter) ⁇ 10 of the taper opening 409 is 8 mm to 12 mm (for example, 9 mm, 9.4 mm, 10.5 mm, etc.).
- the height D3 of the nut (400) exceeds the line S1 (reference line of depth D2) where the screw thread 406 disappears due to the taper opening 409 to the line S2 extending to the area where the screw thread 406 exists. Of length. It should be noted that the thread 406 is present even when the line S1 (reference line of depth D2) is cut.
- the height D3 of the nut (400) may be appropriately selected depending on the conditions, but in one example, it is 4 mm to 15 mm (in the preferred example, 7 mm or 7 mm ⁇ 2 mm). Further, in the case of the nut 400 where W1 is not 15 mm, the design number may be calculated according to the ratio (proportional) of each number with reference to the above-described numerical values.
- the notch forming angle of the taper opening 407 is ⁇ 20 (for example, 30 °), but is shallow because the axis C1 of the taper opening 407 is shifted from the center axis C2 of the screw hole (bolt).
- the angle of the inclined surface 409a on the side (D1) is an obtuse angle (an angle closer to the horizontal) than the angle of the inclined surface 409b on the deep side (D2).
- the angle of the inclined surface 409b on the deep side (D2) is closer to the vertical (90 °) side than the angle of the inclined surface 409a on the shallow side (D1). Is (more standing angle).
- the angle of the inclined surface 409b on the deep side (D2) with respect to the screw hole axis C (or the inner surface of the screw hole) is about 10 °
- the screw hole axis C (or the inner surface of the screw hole) is about 20 °.
- the angles of the two (inclined surfaces 409a and 409b) are not symmetrical, and the angles are different.
- the nut 400 of the fifth embodiment is obtained. After the cutting, if a tapered opening 407 is newly formed on the end face of the same rod member 401 and then cut along the next line S2, another nut 400 is produced. Thereafter, the nut 400 can be manufactured (mass produced) by repeating the same process.
- FIG. 17 shows a nut 400 (female nut) and a nut 500 (male nut) used as a pair with the nut 400.
- a pair nut 600 is obtained.
- a tapered opening 407 is formed on the bottom surface 13 of the nut 400.
- the nut 500 includes a protrusion 72 corresponding to the tapered opening 407 of the nut 400. By inserting the protrusion 72 of the nut 500 into the tapered opening 407 of the nut 400, it can be used as the pair nut 600. The details will be described below.
- the pair nut 600 of the present embodiment includes a nut 400 (first nut, female nut, upper nut) 400 and a nut 500 (second nut, male nut, lower nut).
- the nut 400 can be manufactured as shown in FIG.
- the nut 400 includes the nut body 10 in which the screw hole 30 (corresponding to “screw hole 405” in FIG. 16) is formed.
- the nut body 10 includes an upper surface 11 of the nut body, a side surface 15 that defines the upper surface 11 (a side surface located beside the upper surface 11), and a lower surface 13 opposite to the upper surface 11.
- the central axis (“C” in FIG. 16) of the screw hole 30 (405) of the nut 400 coincides with the central axis (C) of the bolt (80) corresponding to the pair nut 600.
- the central axis (C) of the screw hole 30 (and bolt) coincides with the vertical direction 99.
- the side surface 15 of the nut 400 also extends along the vertical direction 99.
- the upper surface 11 and the lower surface 13 of the nut 400 extend along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction 99.
- the lower surface 13 of the nut 400 has a lower surface opening wider than the diameter of the screw hole 30 (tapered opening that increases the diameter of the hole of the screw hole 30). 407 is formed. No thread 31 is formed in the tapered opening 407.
- the central axis (“C2” in FIG. 34) of the lower surface opening 407 is inclined from the vertical direction 99 (or the central axis C of the screw hole 30 and the bolt 80) (see “ ⁇ 10” in FIG. 16). .
- the lower surface opening (tapered opening) 407 is formed on the lower surface 13 in a form shifted to the left as viewed from the paper surface.
- a narrow portion 16 a (left side) and a wide portion 16 b (right side) are formed by the lower surface opening 407. Further, an outer edge boundary line 39 of the lower surface opening 407 is formed on the lower surface 13 of the nut 400, and an inclined surface (tapered surface) 38 is located on the inner side thereof. Further, a screw hole contour (boundary line) 37 of the lower end face of the screw hole 30 is located at the bottom of the inclined surface (tapered surface) 38.
- the lower surface opening 407 of the nut 400 has the lower surface inclined surface 38 having a shape cut out by a part of the side surface of the cone as shown in FIG.
- the inclined surface 38 is not limited to the shape cut out by the side surface of the cone in a geometric sense, and may be an inclined surface having another tapered shape. However, since the nut 400 is often processed (deleted) by a rotary machine tool, the lower inclined surface 38 is preferably a part of the side surface of the rotating body.
- FIG. 19A the side surface of the nut 400 shown in FIG. 19A is as shown in FIG. 19B.
- a bottom view (bottom view) of the nut 400 shown in FIG. 19A is as shown in FIG. 19C
- a plan view (top view) of the nut 400 is as shown in FIG. 19D.
- the nut 500 (male nut) shown in FIG. 17 is composed of a nut main body 10 in which a screw hole 30 is formed.
- the nut main body 10 of the nut 500 has an upper surface 73 of the nut main body 10, a side surface 15 that defines the upper surface 73 (a side surface located beside the upper surface 73), and a lower surface 75 opposite to the upper surface 73.
- An upper surface protrusion 72 corresponding to the lower surface opening 407 of the nut 400 is formed on the upper surface 73 of the nut 500.
- the fact that the upper surface protrusion 72 corresponds to the lower surface opening 407 of the nut 400 does not mean that the upper surface protrusion 72 having the same shape as the lower surface opening 407 is formed.
- the screw hole 30 of the nut main body 10 is also formed in the upper surface protrusion 72.
- the upper surface protrusion 72 and the screw hole 30 formed in the nut main body 10 are common, and the screw hole 30 of the nut main body 10 extends to the upper surface 71 of the upper surface protrusion 72 and passes therethrough.
- the upper surface protrusion part 72 and the nut main-body part 10 of the nut 500 are integrally formed.
- the central axis of the screw hole 30 formed in the upper surface protrusion 72 and the nut main body 10 coincides with the central axis (C) of the bolt (80) corresponding to the pair nut 600.
- the central axis (C) is along the vertical direction (99).
- the diameter of the screw hole 30 is the same for the nut 500 and the nut 400 (for example, 8 mm), the center axis (C2) of the screw hole 30 is also common, and both are in the vertical direction ( 99).
- the outer surface of the upper surface protrusion 72 of the nut 500 may be a vertical surface (or a vertical surface extending along the vertical direction 99) extending at a right angle from the upper surface 73 of the nut main body 10, but in this embodiment.
- the outer surface of the upper surface protrusion 72 is an inclined surface (tapered surface).
- the height of the upper surface protrusion 72 of the nut 500 (the distance along the vertical direction 99 between the upper surface 73 and the upper surface 71) is suitably appropriate depending on the shape (depth, etc.) of the lower surface opening 407 of the nut 400 to be combined. You can choose one.
- the illustrated upper projection 72 has a truncated cone shape when viewed three-dimensionally. In the configuration of the present embodiment, the height of the upper surface protrusion 72 is, for example, 2 mm to 8 mm (preferably 3 mm to 5 mm). Further, the upper surface 71 of the upper surface protrusion 72 has an annular shape and the outer diameter thereof is, for example, 9 mm to 10 mm, but a suitable one can be selected as appropriate.
- a gap 610 is formed between the nut 400 and the nut 500, as shown in FIG. Specifically, when the upper surface protrusion 72 of the nut 500 is only inserted and brought into contact with the lower surface opening 407 of the nut 400, there is a gap between the lower surface 13 of the nut 400 and the upper surface 73 of the nut 500.
- a gap 610 exists. In the configuration of the present embodiment, the gap 610 is, for example, about 0.5 mm to 3 mm (preferably 1 to 2 mm).
- a film (here, a resin film) 650 is formed around the side surface 15 of the nut 400 and the side surface 15 of the nut 500. It is fixed.
- the resin film 650 of this embodiment is a shrink film, and is a film that can shrink an annular resin film (including a film formed by bonding end faces into an annular shape) with heat.
- the shrink film 650 is made of a resin material that shrinks by heat, and is made of, for example, vinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyolefin (PO), or the like. Yes.
- the resin film (shrink film) 650 is formed so as to cover the entire circumference of the side surface 15 of the nut 400 and the side surface 15 of the nut 500 and close the gap 610. Specifically, after the annular shrink film 650 that is slightly larger than the diameters of the nuts 400 and 500 is placed on the side surface 15 including the gap 610, the shrink film 650 is contracted in that state, whereby the shrink film 650 is The nuts 400 and 500 can be fixed in close contact with the side surface 15.
- the shrink film 605 may be formed so as to cover the entire surface of the side surface 15, or a part of the side surface 15 (here, the upper portion of the nut 400, the lower portion of the nut 500, as in the example shown in FIG. 36).
- the shrink film 605 may be formed on the side surface 15. Further, the shrink film 605 covers the entire surface of the side surface 15 so that a part of the shrink film 605 covers the outer peripheral region of the upper surface 11 of the nut 400 (and / or the outer peripheral region of the lower surface 75 of the nut 500). May be formed,
- the nut 400 and the nut 500 are the same polygonal nut (here, a hexagonal nut), and the side surfaces 15 of both (400, 500) are aligned along the vertical direction 99. Yes.
- the nut 400 and the nut 500 have the same screw hole shaft (C2), that is, the pair nut 600 has a common shaft (C2), and thus the nut 400 fixed by the shrink film 650.
- the nut 500 (pair nut 600) can be put in the axis
- the nut 400 and the nut 500 can be inserted into the bolt shaft at a time even if they are not inserted into the bolt shaft (without passing twice). This can greatly improve the work efficiency (2 times increase because it becomes 1 time), which is very convenient.
- the resin film (shrink film) 650 covers the side surfaces 15 of the nuts 400 and 500, there is an advantage that the side surface 15 can be protected by the resin film 650. Further, since the resin film 650 also closes the gap 610, foreign matter (including dirt, ink, etc.) can be mixed into the gap 610, which is also convenient. In addition, when the pair nut 600 is firmly fastened, the nuts 400 and 500 are brought into close contact with each other, and the resin film (shrink film) 650 is only torn and removed, so that subsequent processing is also convenient. Furthermore, if the resin film 650 is not torn, it is also evidence that the resin film 650 is not firmly fastened, and has technical value from the viewpoint of checking the fastening state.
- the shrink film 650 is thin and can be torn off. However, a cut line (dotted line) may be formed so as to be easily removed.
- contracted with heat is used as the resin film 650, while the effect itself of the fastening of the pair nut 600 is acquired without the resin film 650, it is the effect (protection) mentioned above. Etc.) can also be obtained by wrapping not a shrink film but a resin film that does not shrink by heat.
- the shrink film 650 is preferably used.
- the method of fixing the two nuts with the shrink film 650 is not limited to the nuts 400 and 500 of the present embodiment, but other nuts (for example, a combination of two (or a plurality) of nuts having a typical shape or a special shape). ) Or two typical nuts (eg, a combination of two (or two) nuts (3100) as shown in FIG. 5 or a combination of two (or two) nuts (3100 and / or 3000) ) Is also possible. Except for the surface protection function of the pair nut, it is preferable that the shafts of the screw holes are common in the two nuts in terms of being able to be inserted into the bolt by one operation.
- FIG. 20A shows the configuration of the bottom surface (lower surface) of a modified example of the nut 400.
- the groove portion 36 is formed on the lower surface inclined surface (tapered inclined surface) 38.
- a plurality of groove portions 36 are formed on the surface of the lower inclined surface 38 so as to extend radially.
- the groove portion 36 is provided with a step (for example, 1 mm or less) on the surface of the lower inclined surface 38.
- FIG. 38B schematically shows a cross-sectional configuration of the groove 36.
- the groove portion 36 is formed so as not to be resistant in the direction in which the nut 400 is tightened (forward direction of the fastening direction) but to be resistant in the direction in which the nut 400 is opened (direction opposite to the fastening direction).
- the groove part 36 shown in FIG. 20B has a sawtooth (or triangular wave) cross-sectional shape, and the groove part 36 has an apex 36a and a recess 36b.
- FIG. 21 is an exploded view of the nuts 400 and 500, and the center axis C of the screw hole 30 of the nut 400, the center axis C of the screw hole 30 of the nut 500, and the center of the screw shaft portion 85 of the bolt 80.
- a state in which the axes C coincide with each other is shown.
- the central axis C coincides with the vertical direction 99.
- the screw hole 30 of the pair nut 600 (nuts 400, 500) corresponds to the screw outer diameter D and the pitch P (and the winding angle ⁇ ) of the screw shaft portion 85 of the bolt 80.
- the nuts 400 and 500 are stacked to form a pair nut 600, and as shown in FIG. 22, when the fastened members 61 and 62 are fastened by the screw shaft portion 85 and the pair nut 600, a fastening structure is obtained. A body 601 is produced. As shown in FIG. 22, when the nuts 400 and 500 are securely fastened to the fastened member 61 (62), the upper surface protrusion 72 of the nut 500 is inclined to the inclined surface 38 of the lower surface opening 407 of the nut 400. To touch.
- the inclination angle of the inclined surface 38 of the nut 400 is different between the thin portion 16a side and the wide portion 16b side (that is, the right side inclination angle and the left side inclination angle of the inclined surface 38 are different), they contact with each other.
- the upper surface protrusion 72 to be displaced is displaced obliquely. Further, when strongly tightened in this state, the upper surface protrusion 72 enters the back of the lower surface opening 407 of the nut 400 and the nut 400 is strongly pressed toward the fastened member 61 (62).
- a horizontal force (arrow 690) is applied, and the fastening force is improved by the force (690).
- the nut 400 and the nut 500 are integrated by the tip (projection) 72 of the nut 500 deeply biting into the back surface of the nut 400.
- the strength of the pair nut 600 according to this embodiment is higher than that obtained by combining two typical nuts (one having a flat top surface and a bottom surface).
- the lower surface 75 of the nut 500 and the lower surface 13 of the nut 400 are parallel (perpendicular to the vertical direction 99), and therefore, in the fastening state shown in FIG.
- the lower surface 75 of the nut 500 and the lower surface 13 of the nut 400 are parallel to each other, and the fastened members 61 and 62 can be firmly fixed.
- the pair nut 600 of the present embodiment has the following advantages.
- the screw hole shafts (C) of the nuts 400 and 500 are common at one time.
- the bolt 80 can be put into the bolt 80. Furthermore, if it is the pair nut 600 of the structure integrated by the shrink film 650 shown in FIG. 18, it will be further easy to handle, and two nuts (400, 500) can be easily used as one nut 600 at a time.
- the bolt 80 can be inserted while being rotated. Even with this alone, the pair nut 600 of the present embodiment is twice as efficient as the hard lock nut 103.
- the nut 400 and the nut 500 apply a force (action) that causes the screw shaft portion 85 to bend as indicated by an arrow 690, so that the nut 400 and / or the bending due to the bending of the screw shaft portion 85 (slightly). The effect that the nut 500 is difficult to come off from the screw shaft portion 85 is also obtained.
- the shaft center 118 of the truncated cone-shaped fitting portion 117 in the lower nut portion 105 is shifted, so that the truncated cone shape is thinner than the nut main body portion.
- the thickness of one side of the fitting portion 117 (side shifted by the displacement a) is further reduced.
- the thin portion is used to give a wedge effect and is distorted. Therefore, stress is concentrated on the thin portion, and the thin portion is easily damaged.
- the pair nut 600 of the present embodiment does not have such a thin portion, and therefore has an advantage that it is less likely to be damaged than the hard lock nut 103. More specifically, as shown in FIG.
- the thickness of the upper surface 71 of the protrusion 72 of the nut 500 is constant and there is no thin portion. Further, since the pair nut 600 is inclined to the bolt shaft 85, stress concentration is less likely to occur compared to the hard lock nut 103 where stress is easily concentrated in a thin portion, and therefore the probability of breakage can be reduced.
- the central axis C (C2) of the screw hole 30 in the first nut (female nut) 400 and the second nut (male nut) 500 is the central axis (C) of the bolt.
- a lower surface opening 407 is formed on the lower surface 13 of the first nut 400.
- a central axis C1 of the lower surface opening 407 extends with an inclination ( ⁇ 10) from the central axis C of the bolt, and an upper surface protrusion 72 is formed on the upper surface 73 of the second nut 500.
- the upper surface protrusion 72 of the second nut 500 is inserted into the lower surface opening 407 of the first nut 400 and the first nut 400 and the second nut 500 are fastened, the lower surface opening 407 of the first nut 400 is secured. Since the central axis C1 of the second nut 500 extends with an inclination ( ⁇ 10), the upper surface 71 of the upper surface protrusion 72 of the second nut 500 does not uniformly contact the lower surface opening 407 of the first nut 400, but is uneven. To the lower surface opening 407 (prior to one side).
- the first nut 400 and the second nut 500 can be easily manufactured as compared with the case where the central axes C of the 500 screw holes do not coincide with each other (the nuts 104 and 105 shown in FIG. 1). That is, since the hard lock nut 103 (104, 105) shown in FIG. 1 has a special structure capable of performing eccentric fitting, the manufacturing cost (or purchase cost) is lower than that of a normal nut. Although there is a problem that the cost is high, the pair nut 600 (400, 500) of the present embodiment has an advantage that the manufacturing cost (or purchase cost) is low.
- the center axis C of the screw hole 30 in the pair nut 600 (the first nut 400 and the second nut 500) of the present embodiment coincides (coincides with the center axis C of the bolt), the first nut 400 and the second nut It is convenient because two nuts of the two nuts 500 can be overlapped and put into the bolt 80 by one operation (rotation). Since the hard lock nut 103 (104, 105) shown in FIG. 1 has a special structure capable of performing eccentric fitting, the central axes of the screw holes do not coincide with each other. Since it is necessary to put the nuts (104, 105) into the bolts by different operations (rotations), the labor is doubled. Compared with such a hard lock nut 103 (104, 105), in the case of the pair nut 600 (400, 500) of this embodiment, the mounting efficiency to the bolt 80 can be significantly increased (twice or more). .
- FIG. 23 schematically shows a root portion of the bolt shaft portion 85 in the bolt 700 of the present embodiment.
- the root portion of the bolt shaft portion 85 is shown in a front view, and the lower portion of the bolt head portion 82 (the portion including the side surface 15 and the boundary 17) is also shown in the front view.
- the outer frame member 45 positioned at the periphery of the base portion of the bolt shaft portion 85 is made easy to understand the entire features of the sixth embodiment without hatching showing a cross-sectional view.
- the bolt 700 includes a bolt shaft portion 85 having a thread 81 formed at least in part and a bolt head portion 82 formed at one end of the bolt shaft portion 85.
- a screw thread non-forming portion 88 in which no screw thread is formed is provided between the screw thread 81 forming portion and the bolt head portion 82 in the bolt shaft portion 85.
- a bolt root opening 89 is formed on the bolt shaft portion 85 side of the bolt head portion 82.
- a washer 41 is inserted into the bolt root opening 89.
- the central opening of the substantially annular washer 41 is inserted into the bolt shaft 85, and the main body portions (42 a, 42 b, 42 c) of the washer 41 are accommodated in the bolt root opening 89.
- the washer 41 of this embodiment has a first end 42a, a second end 42b, and an extension 42c between the first end 42a and the second end 42b.
- the washer 41 shown has a spiral shape and has a spring function.
- the first end portion 42a is at a higher position than the second end portion 42b. There is a gap between the first end 42a and the second end 42b.
- the second end portion 42b of the washer 41 is in contact with the bottom surface 87 of the bolt root opening 89 when the bolt 700 is not fastened.
- the first end portion 42 a of the washer 41 is in a state where there is a gap 40 between the bottom surface 87 of the bolt root opening 89. In such a state, the washer 41 is accommodated in the bolt root opening 89.
- An outer frame member 45 that defines the bolt root opening 89 is formed outside the bolt root opening 89 that houses the washer 41.
- the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45 is inclined in a tapered shape upward.
- a part (side surface) of the extension 42 c of the washer 41 may contact the inner wall 47 of the outer frame member 45.
- the upper surface 41 u of the first end portion 42 a of the washer 41 is located above the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the upper surface 41 u of the second end portion 42 a of the washer 41 is located below the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the bolt 700 according to the sixth embodiment basically operates like the mechanism described in FIGS. 12 and 13 and has an excellent fastening force.
- the outer frame member 45 and the annular member (annular member) 41 in the nut 200 of the embodiment correspond to the outer frame member 45 and the washer 41 of the bolt 700 of the present embodiment. Since the same description is duplicated, it will be omitted for easy understanding of the contents.
- FIG. 23 is a bolt 80 for fastening the fastened members 61 and 62 in the configuration shown in FIG. 22 when the bolt 700 having the configuration shown in FIG.
- the structure (bolt root opening 89, washer 41, outer frame member 45) shown in FIG. 23 is formed near the root of the bolt shaft 85 in the bolt head 82 of the bolt 80 shown in FIG.
- the outer frame member 45 is configured to protrude from the outer side (side surface 15) of the bolt head 82, but may be configured to be the same surface as the outer side (side surface 15) of the bolt head 82.
- the bolt root opening 89 may be formed in the central region (root region) of the bolt head 82 shown in FIG. 22 and the washer 41 may be accommodated therein.
- the upper surface 41u of the first end 42a of the washer 41 is flush with the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the upper surface 41 u of the second end portion 42 b and the upper surface u of the extension portion 42 c together with the upper surface 41 u of the first end portion 42 a in the washer 41 are positioned in the same plane as the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the second end portion is arranged such that the upper surface 41u of the first end portion 42a is flush with the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45.
- the upper surface 41u of 42b is not flush with the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45, but between the surface of the fastened member 62 (and the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45) and the upper surface 41u of the second end portion 42b.
- the gap 40 may remain.
- the structure of the washer 41 and the gap 40 can absorb the impact (stress from the outside), and the absorption causes the bolt 700 to be absorbed. Can be prevented from loosening.
- the structure (positional relationship) between the upper surface 41u of the washer 41 and the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45 is set so as to have such a structure.
- the feature of this structure can also be adopted in the configuration of the above-described embodiment (FIG. 12, FIG. 13 and the like).
- the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45 and the upper surface 41u of all the parts of the washer 41 may be configured to be on the same plane. In that case, an advantage that the joining area is widened (maximum) and the fastening force is improved can be obtained.
- the washer 41 can be disposed on the bottom surface 87 of the bolt root opening 89 by the force of gravity.
- a part of the washer 41 (particularly, the second end portion 42 b and its periphery) is attached to the bottom surface 87 of the bolt root opening 89.
- a method of attaching to the bottom surface 87 of the bolt root opening 89 a method of adhering with an adhesive, a method of adhering with an adhesive, a method of attaching with a magnet, etc. can be raised. And a method of integrally forming the washer 41 and the bottom surface 87.
- FIG. 24A mainly shows the structure of the bolt head 82 (particularly, the bolt root opening 89, the washer 41, and the outer frame member 45) of the bolt 700 shown in FIG.
- a tool for example, a hammer
- an extension part (projection part) 46 e is formed on the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45, and the extension part (projection part) 46 e can suppress the washer 41. More specifically, when the upper surface 46 of the outer frame member 45 is hit, a part of the upper surface 46 extends (inward) toward the bolt root opening 89, which becomes an extended portion (projection) 46e. In this structure, since the extension part 46e can suppress the upper surface 41u of the washer 41, even if the bolt 700 is turned upside down, the washer 41 does not come out, which is convenient. That is, in the structure shown in FIG. 24B, the washer 41 can be successfully used without attaching the washer 41 to the bottom surface 87 of the bolt root opening 89 by welding (or adhesion).
- the wall surface (inner wall) 47 of the bolt root opening 89 is an inclined surface, but it may be a vertical surface.
- the fastening force can be increased by using the reaction force of the washer 41 pressing the inclined surface 47.
- the structure (operation, manufacturing method) of FIGS. 24A and 24B can be applied not only to the bolt 700 but also to a nut (particularly, the nut 200).
- the structure shown in FIG. 42B can be applied.
- the thread groove is not formed on the inner opening inner wall of the washer 23, but a thread groove formed on the inner opening inner wall of the washer 41 may be used.
- FIG. 25A is a perspective view for explaining the bolt head 82 of the bolt 700A of the present embodiment.
- the bolt 700A shown in FIG. 25A includes a bolt head 82 having a polygonal head (hexagonal head, hexagonal nut shape) shape 82a.
- the bolt head 82 is held by the jaw portion 98a of the spanner 98, and the bolt 700A can be fastened.
- the washer 41 and the outer frame member 45 described above are formed on the bolt head portion 85 side of the bolt head portion 82.
- a screw groove 83a (here, a plus hole, but a minus hole may be used) is formed in the bolt head 82 of the bolt 700A.
- FIG. 25B is a perspective view for explaining the bolt head 82 of the bolt 700B of the present embodiment.
- the bolt head 82 of the bolt 700B is formed with a wrench hole 83b (here, a hexagonal wrench opening, but may be another wrench opening).
- the bolt head 82 of the bolt 700B may be circular (without a hexagon head), but may be in the form of a polygonal head (82a) as shown in FIG. 25A.
- the nut according to the embodiment of the present invention (such as 200) has been described in the form of a hexagonal nut, but the characteristics of the present invention are applied to nuts of other forms (for example, a square nut and a pentagonal nut). It is also possible to do.
- the nut when it is desired to provide elasticity like a spring in the nut main body portion 10 with the slit (in other words, when the slit 20 is crushed and difficult to restore), the nut Since it may be preferable to perform compression processing on the main body 10, such processing may be performed. As described above, chamfering may be performed on a predetermined portion of the nut main body 10 or, for example, a structure that reinforces strength (or a structure that reduces material and reduces weight) may be added. .
- the nut (such as 200) and / or the bolt 700 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used for various applications.
- various piping pipes or fasteners for structural bodies
- thermal power plants or nuclear power plants such as thermal power plants or nuclear power plants, rails and overhead lines, paper and iron making machinery, Chemical plants, elevators / escalators, railway vehicles / railways, tunnel structures, steel towers, civil engineering machinery, highway structures (soundproof walls, signs, etc.), compressors / pumps, machine tools, automated warehouses / transport equipment, ships /
- Fastening structures (or structures) in which nuts 200 and bolts 700 and the like are used in these applications are also products according to the present invention.
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- Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
なお、本出願は2017年5月29日に出願された日本国特許出願2017-105427号、および、2018年2月9日に出願された日本国特許出願2018-022577号に基づく優先権を主張しており、その出願の全内容は本明細書中に参照として組み入れられている。
第1ナット側面および第2ナットの側面は、樹脂フィルム(例えば、環状フィルム、または、シュリンクフィルム)によって覆われて、第1ナットおよび第2ナットは一体に固定されている。ある実施形態において、第1ナットの側面および第2ナットの側面は、多角形ナットを規定する側面であり、それらの側面は、鉛直方向に沿って揃っている。
図8は、本発明の実施形態1に係るナット200の構成を示した断面図(正面図、または、側面図)である。また、図9は、本実施形態1のナット200の構造を説明するための斜視図である。なお、後述する図17及び図18において示すように鉛直方向の上向きの矢印99を示し、当該上向きの方を、便宜上、「上」または「上面」などを称する。「上」の方向は便宜上であるので、ナット200の向きによっては、「上面」と名付けた面が、横を向いたり、下に向いたりすることがある点について付言しておく。
図16は、本発明の実施形態2に係るナット400の製造方法を説明するための断面図である。図17は、本実施形態に係るナット400(雌ナット)と、そのナット400に組み合わされるナット500(雄ナット)との構成を示す斜視図である。図18は、ナット400とナット500とを組み合わせたペアナット600の構成を示す斜視図である。また、図19Aから図19Dは、それぞれ、ナット400の底面側斜視図、側面図、底面図(下面図)、および、平面図(上面図)の構成を示している。
をボルト80に入れることができる。さらには、図18に示したシュリンクフィルム650で一体化した構成のペアナット600であれば、さらに取り扱いが容易であり、簡単に一度に2つのナット(400、500)を、一つのナット600として、ボルト80に回転しながら挿入配置することができる。これだけでも、本実施形態のペアナット600は、ハードロックナット103よりも2倍も取付の効率が良い。加えて、ナット400およびナット500は、ネジ軸部85を矢印690の曲げるような力(作用)を加えるので、ネジ軸部85の(僅かに)曲がることで、その曲がりによってナット400及び/又はナット500がネジ軸部85から抜けにくいという効果も得られる。一方で、ハードロックナット103はクサビ止めの力(作用)によって固定されているが、ネジ軸部を曲げるようには働かないので、上ナット部104がネジ軸部から外れてしまうと、下ナット部105の固定力は大幅に低下してしまうという欠点もある。
次に、図23を参照しながら、本発明の実施形態3に係るボルト700について説明する。図23は、本実施形態のボルト700におけるボルト軸部85の根本部分を模式的に示している。図23では、理解しやすいように、ボルト軸部85の根本部分は正面図で示し、ボルト頭部82の下の方(側面15および境界17を含む部位)も正面図で示しているが、ボルト軸部85の根本部分の周縁に位置する外枠部材45には、断面図を示す斜線をつけずに、本実施形態6の特徴の全体がわかりやすいようにしている。
11 ナット本体部の上面
13 ナット本体部の下面(底面)
15 ナット本体部の側面
30 ネジ孔
35 上面のネジ孔輪郭
36 溝部
36a 頂点
36b 凹部
37 下面のネジ孔輪郭
38 下面傾斜面(テーパー傾斜面)
39 テーパ傾斜面の外縁境界線
40 隙間
41 環状部材(ワッシャー)
41s 環状部材の側面
41u 環状部材の表面(上面)
42a 第1端部
42b 第2端部
42c 延長部(環延長部)
45 外枠部材
45s 外枠部材の外側面
46 外枠部材の上面
46e 上面の延長部位
47 外枠部材の内壁(傾斜面)
48 隙間(e)
49 隙間(第2隙間)
60 ペアナット
61・62 被締結部材
63 開口部
65・67 ネジ孔
66 接触面
69 被締結部材
70 締結構造体
72 突起部(上面突起部)
73 ナット本体部の上面
75 ナット本体部の下面
80 ボルト
81 ネジ山
82 ボルト頭部
83a ドライバー溝
83b レンチ穴
85 ネジ軸部(ボルト軸部)
87 ボルト頭部の底面
88 ネジ山非形成部
89 ボルト根本開口部
90 ナット
91 接触面
98 スパナ
98a アゴ部
99 鉛直方向
102 ボルト
103 ハードロックナット
104 上ナット部
105 下ナット部
106 ネジ穴心
110 ネジ山頂部
111 谷底
112 凹面
114 テーパ穴状嵌合部
115 軸心
116 ネジ穴心
117 円錐台状嵌合部
118 軸心
119 谷底
120 円弧状凸面
121 ネジ山
125 突起部
200 ナット
400 ナット
401 ロッド部材
405 ネジ孔
406 ネジ山
407 下面開口部
500 ナット
600 ペアナット
601 締結構造体
605 シュリンクフィルム
610 隙間
650 樹脂フィルム(シュリンクフィルム)
700 ボルト
1000 締結構造
3000、3100 ナット
4000、4100 ナット
5000、5100 ナット
Claims (17)
- ネジ孔が形成されたナット本体部と、
前記ナット本体部の上面側に形成された環状部材と、
前記環状部材の外縁側に形成された外枠部材と
を備え、
前記環状部材は、前記ナット本体部の上面に接触している第2端部と、前記第2端部とは反対側に位置する第1端部とを有しており、
前記第1端部の上面は、前記第2端部の上面よりも上方に位置しており、
前記第1端部と前記ナット本体部の上面との間には、第1隙間が形成されており、
前記環状部材の側面は、前記外枠部材の内壁と間に第2隙間を介して配置されており、
前記環状部材の第1端部の上面は、前記外枠部材の上面よりも上方に位置しており、
前記外枠部材の前記内壁は、上向きに向かってテーパ状に傾斜している、ナット。 - 前記ナット本体部は、多角形ナットを規定する側面を備えており、
前記環状部材は、前記ネジ孔に対応した開口部が形成された円環形状を有しており、
前記環状部材における前記第1端部の端面と、前記第2端部の端面との間には、第3隙間が形成されており、
前記外枠部材の前記内壁は、前記ナット本体部の上面から前記外枠部材の上面の側の方に向かって前記第2隙間が大きくなるように傾斜している、請求項1に記載のナット。 - 前記ナットが締結されたときにおいて、前記環状部材における前記第1端部は、前記ナット本体部の前記上面と接触し、そして、前記環状部材の側面は、前記外枠部材の前記内壁に接触する、請求項1または2に記載のナット。
- 前記ナット本体部、前記環状部材、および、前記外枠部材は一体的に成型されている、請求項1から3の何れか一つに記載のナット。
- 第1ナットと第2ナットとを含むペアナットであって、
前記第1ナットは、
ネジ孔が形成されたナット本体部と、
前記ナット本体部の上面と、
前記上面を規定する側面と、
前記ナット本体部の上面の反対側の下面と
を備え、
前記第1ナットにおける前記ネジ孔の中心軸は、前記ペアナットに対応するボルトの中心軸と一致しており、
前記第1ナットにおける前記下面には、前記ネジ孔の径よりも広い下面開口部が形成されており、
前記下面開口部の中心軸は、前記ペアナットに対応するボルトの中心軸から傾斜して延びており、
前記第2ナットは、
ネジ孔が形成されたナット本体部と、
前記ナット本体部の上面と、
前記上面を規定する側面と、
前記ナット本体部の上面の反対側の下面と
を備え、
前記第2ナットにおける前記上面には、前記第1ナットにおける前記下面開口部に対応した上面突起部が形成されており、
前記上面突起部および前記ナット本体部に形成された前記ネジ孔の中心軸は、前記ペアナットに対応する前記ボルトの前記中心軸と一致している、ペアナット。 - 前記第1ナットの前記下面開口部は、円錐の側面の一部によって切り取られた形状の下面傾斜面を有しており、
前記第2ナットの前記上面突起部の外側面は、傾斜面となっており、
前記第1ナットの前記下面開口部に対して前記第2ナットの前記上面突起部を挿入したときには、前記第1ナットの前記下面と、前記第2ナットの前記上面との間には隙間があり、
前記第1ナットおよび前記第2ナットを前記ボルトに締結したときには、前記第1ナットの前記下面と、前記第2ナットの前記上面とは互いに接触する、請求項5に記載のペアナット。 - 前記第1ナットの前記下面開口部に対して前記第2ナットの前記上面突起部を挿入した状態において、前記第1ナットの前記側面および前記第2ナットの前記側面は、シュリンクフィルムによって覆われて、前記第1ナットおよび前記第2ナットは一体に固定されている、請求項5または6に記載のペアナット。
- 前記ペアナットにおいて、前記第1ナットの前記側面および前記第2ナットの前記側面は、鉛直方向を基準にして揃って配置されており、
前記ペアナットが前記ボルトに締結される前においては、前記第1ナットの前記下面と、前記第2ナットの前記上面との間には隙間があり、
前記ペアナットが前記ボルトに締結された後においては、前記シュリンクフィルムは破れて、前記第1ナットの前記下面と、前記第2ナットの前記上面とは互いに接触する、請求項7に記載のペアナット。 - ネジ孔が形成されたナット本体部と、
前記ナット本体部の上面と、
前記上面を規定する側面と、
前記ナット本体部の上面の反対側の下面と
を備えたナットであって、
前記ナット本体部における前記ネジ孔の中心軸は、前記ナットに対応するボルトの中心軸と一致しており、
前記ナット本体部における前記下面には、前記ネジ孔の径よりも広い下面開口部が形成されており、
前記下面開口部の傾斜面の角度が異なるように、前記下面開口部は形成されている、ナット。 - 請求項1から4、9の何れか一つに記載のナットと、
前記ナットの前記ネジ孔に対応したボルトと、
前記ナットおよび前記ボルトによって締結される被締結部材と
を備えた締結構造体。 - 少なくとも一部にネジ山が形成されたボルト軸部と、
前記ボルト軸部の一端に形成されたボルト頭部と
を備えたボルトであって、
前記ボルト頭部のうちの前記ボルト軸部の側には、ボルト根本開口部が形成されており、
前記ボルト根本開口部には、ワッシャーが挿入されており、
前記ワッシャーは、第1端部と、第2端部と、第1端部と第2端部との間の延長部とを有しており、
前記ボルトが締結されていない状態において、前記ワッシャーの第2端部が前記ボルト根本開口部の底面に接触した状態で、かつ、前記ワッシャーの第1端部が前記ボルト根本開口部の底面との間に隙間がある状態で、前記ワッシャーは前記ボルト根本開口部内に収納されている、ボルト。 - 前記ワッシャーを収容した前記ボルト根本開口部の外側には、前記ボルト根本開口部を規定する外枠部材が形成されており、
前記外枠部材の内壁は、上向きに向かってテーパ状に傾斜している、請求項11に記載のボルト。 - 前記ワッシャーを収容した前記ボルト根本開口部の外側には、前記ボルト根本開口部を規定する外枠部材が形成されており、
前記ボルトが締結されていない状態において、前記外枠部材の上面の一部は、前記ボルト根本開口部の側に延びた延長部位となっており、
前記延長部位は、前記ワッシャーの上面を抑える部位である、請求項11に記載のボルト。 - 前記ボルトが締結されたときにおいて、前記ワッシャーと、前記ボルト根本開口部の底面との間に隙間が存在している、請求項13に記載のボルト。
- 締結部材を用いた固定方法であって、
前記締結部材は、第1端部と第2端部とを有する円環部材を含み、
前記第1端部の端面と、第2端部の端面との間には第3隙間が形成されており、
前記円環部材は、前記第1端部の上面が前記第2端部の上面よりも上方に位置するように螺旋状に延びており、
前記締結部材においては、前記円環部材の側面に近接する傾斜面を備えた外枠部材が、前記円環部材とともに含まれており、
前記締結部材を用意する工程と、
前記締結部材における前記円環部材の前記第1端部を被締結部材に接触させることにより、前記第1端部を押し込む工程と、
前記押し込む工程に伴って、前記円環部材の側面を前記傾斜面に押し付ける工程と、
前記第1端部および前記第2端部を含む前記円環部材の上面を、前記被締結部材に接触させる工程と
を含む、固定方法。 - 前記円環部材の中央開口内壁にはネジ溝が形成されており、
前記接触させる工程において、前記円環部材の上面は同一平面になり、
前記第1端部の端面と、第2端部の端面とは互いに接触する、請求項15に記載の固定方法。 - 前記接触させる工程において、前記円環部材における前記第1端部の上面は、前記外枠部材の上面と同一平面に位置し、かつ、
前記円環部材における前記第1端部の上面と前記第2端部の上面と間には、隙間がある、請求項15に記載の固定方法。
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- 2018-05-29 WO PCT/JP2018/020512 patent/WO2018221501A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3636941B1 (en) | 2023-03-29 |
CN108930706A (zh) | 2018-12-04 |
JP2018200098A (ja) | 2018-12-20 |
US12085110B2 (en) | 2024-09-10 |
JP6417059B1 (ja) | 2018-10-31 |
CN108930706B (zh) | 2021-08-03 |
CN113417927B (zh) | 2023-06-09 |
EP4202240A1 (en) | 2023-06-28 |
EP3636941A1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
EP3636941A4 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
JP6496070B2 (ja) | 2019-04-03 |
JP2019082259A (ja) | 2019-05-30 |
US20200116190A1 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
CN208330960U (zh) | 2019-01-04 |
CN113417927A (zh) | 2021-09-21 |
JP6557435B2 (ja) | 2019-08-07 |
JP2018204795A (ja) | 2018-12-27 |
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