WO2018201743A1 - 一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏 - Google Patents

一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018201743A1
WO2018201743A1 PCT/CN2017/119653 CN2017119653W WO2018201743A1 WO 2018201743 A1 WO2018201743 A1 WO 2018201743A1 CN 2017119653 W CN2017119653 W CN 2017119653W WO 2018201743 A1 WO2018201743 A1 WO 2018201743A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slider
lateral
collision
longitudinal
spring
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PCT/CN2017/119653
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾国庆
王红梅
Original Assignee
成都爱可信科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018201743A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018201743A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/14—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact specially adapted for local protection, e.g. for bridge piers, for traffic islands
    • E01F15/143—Protecting devices located at the ends of barriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/16—Anti-collision systems
    • G08G1/165—Anti-collision systems for passive traffic, e.g. including static obstacles, trees

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a highway guardrail, in particular to an anti-collision alarm type highway guardrail which can be automatically restored, and belongs to the technical field of highway equipment.
  • the highway guardrail is a protective fence placed on or in the middle of the expressway. When the vehicle collides with it, it can play a protective role.
  • the existing guardrail has poor anti-collision and shock absorption capability, which cannot protect the safety of personnel and vehicles, and is happening.
  • the guardrail In a car accident, it is impossible to warn other vehicles to remind the driver that a car accident has occurred.
  • the guardrail cannot recover after the impact of the car accident. It is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also time-consuming and laborious. Affect the passage of highways.
  • the invention provides an anti-collision alarm type highway guardrail which can be automatically restored, and solves the problem that the guardrail of the prior art has poor anti-collision and shock absorption capability, cannot recover by itself, has no warning function, and is inconvenient to use.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the invention discloses an automatically recoverable anti-collision alarm type highway guardrail, comprising a guardrail and a base, wherein the base comprises a support base, wherein the guardrail comprises a lateral anti-collision damping system, and the anti-collision damping system comprises an anti-collision a plate, a rubber sleeve, a telescopic rod, a slider and a lateral spring; the outer side of the guard rail is connected to the outer collision plate by a slider and a telescopic rod, the collision plate is provided with a vertical pleat structure, and the outer side of the collision plate is sleeved There is a rubber sleeve, and a plurality of lateral springs are disposed between the telescopic rods and the telescopic rods are disposed at least two.
  • a baffle is disposed on two sides of the support seat, a slide rail is disposed on two sides of the support seat, the slider cooperates with the slide rail and slides on the slide rail, and a longitudinal spring is disposed on the longitudinal side of the slider and the baffle Connected to the slide rail and the corresponding position of the two ends of the slider, the baffle, the longitudinal spring, the slide rail, the limiter and the slider form a longitudinal anti-collision damping system;
  • the guardrail triggers a lateral elastic protection mode or a two-way protection mode depending on the impact force and impact angle suffered.
  • the limiter comprises a limiting spring, a limiting block and a limiting slot
  • the limiting block is provided with an inclined guiding edge
  • the limiting position of the sliding block and the limiting block The leading edge matching position is provided with a slider guiding edge.
  • the crash plate, the rubber sleeve and the lateral spring are elastically deformed in a lateral direction, and the stopper restricts lateral movement of the slider in the slide rail.
  • the longitudinal anti-collision damper system further comprises the longitudinal spring, the longitudinal spring being disposed on the other side of the longitudinal direction of the slider and connected to the baffle.
  • a preferred technical solution of the present invention wherein a warning device is mounted on a top end of the slider, the warning device is laterally touched by a wire connection, and the lateral touch button is disposed on the lateral spring and the slider Connection.
  • a preferred technical solution of the present invention wherein the top end of the slider is mounted with a first warning device and a second first warning device, the first warning device is connected to the lateral touch button by a wire, and the lateral touch button Provided at a junction of the lateral spring and the slider, the second first warning device is connected to the longitudinally actuated button by a wire, and the longitudinal touch button is disposed at a junction of the longitudinal spring and the slider.
  • the first warning device comprises a buzzer, an alarm light, a GPS signal transmitter and a solar battery
  • the second warning device comprises a buzzer, an alarm light and a solar battery
  • a solar panel is placed on the top of the slider and electrically connected to the solar battery.
  • the structure of the invention is simple and practical, and by providing a lateral anti-collision damping system, in the lateral elastic protection mode, since the impact force of the car hitting the guardrail is small, the anti-collision plate, the rubber sleeve and the lateral spring are Elastic deformation along the lateral direction protects the guardrail and automatically restores the original condition, saving repair costs and protecting vehicle and personnel safety;
  • the lateral spring, the anti-collision plate and the rubber sleeve together form a multi-layer lateral anti-collision damping system.
  • the transverse spring, the anti-collision plate and the rubber sleeve will elastically deform and absorb a large amount of lateral impact force; in the second stage, the baffle, the longitudinal spring, the sliding rail, the stopper and the slider together form a multi-layer
  • the longitudinal anti-collision damping system consists of a longitudinal spring tensile deformation and a longitudinal spring compression deformation and a deformation of the stopper to absorb a large amount of longitudinal impact force.
  • the anti-collision and shock-absorbing ability of the guardrail can be strengthened, so as to protect the personnel in the vehicle from being protected when the impact force is too large. Serious injury will help ensure the safety of people's lives.
  • the guardrail can be protected and automatically restored to its original state, saving repair costs.
  • an alarm and a GPS signal can be issued when the vehicle hits the guardrail, and the road administration center can identify the location of the accident in the first time by identifying the information sent by the first alarm and the second alarm, and can pre-predict The damage of the guardrail and the severity of the car accident and the corresponding emergency treatment, but also remind other vehicles to have a car accident, the driver should be vigilant to avoid rear-end collision.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of the slide rail of Figure 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a lateral elastic protection mode of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of still another lateral elastic protection mode of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional protection mode of the present invention.
  • the direction parallel to the guardrail and the road surface is defined as the longitudinal direction
  • the vertical direction of the guard rail and the road surface is defined as the lateral direction.
  • the invention provides an auto-recoverable anti-collision alarm type highway guardrail, comprising a guardrail 1 and a base 2, the base 2 comprising a support base 3, the guardrail 1 comprising a lateral anti-collision damping system 20, the anti-collision reduction
  • the shock system 20 comprises an anti-collision plate 6, a rubber sleeve 8, a telescopic rod 5, a slider 4 and a lateral spring 7; the outer side of the guardrail 1 is connected to the outer anti-collision plate 6 via a slider 4 and a telescopic rod 5, the anti-collision plate 6
  • the vertical pleat structure 18 is provided.
  • the pleat structure 18 herein may be in a variety of configurations, and may be a U-shaped pleat structure 18 or a V-shaped pleated surface or a polygonal pleated surface.
  • the outer side of the anti-collision plate 6 is sleeved with a rubber sleeve 8 which has good elasticity and impact resistance.
  • the connection manner of the rubber sleeve 8 and the anti-collision plate 6 may be a bonding, a screw connection or the like.
  • a plurality of lateral springs 7 are disposed on the inner side of the crash panel 6 and between the telescopic rods 5, and at least two telescopic rods 5 are disposed. In this embodiment, six telescopic rods 5 are disposed.
  • the telescopic rod 5 includes a telescoping section 501 and a fixed section 502.
  • a baffle 15 is disposed on two longitudinal sides of the support base 3, and the slide rail 11 is disposed on two lateral sides of the support base 3.
  • the slider 4 cooperates with the slide rail 11 and slides on the slide rail 11, and the slider 4 is longitudinally
  • the longitudinal spring 12 is disposed on the side and is connected to the baffle plate 15; the positioner 110 is disposed on the slide rail 11 corresponding to the two ends of the slider 4; the baffle 15, the longitudinal spring 12, the slide rail 11, the limit position
  • the damper 110 and the slider 4 constitute a longitudinal anti-collision damper system 10; when the impact force is less and mainly the lateral impact force 21, or when the vehicle 19 hits the guardrail 1 vertically, the lateral elastic protection mode is triggered.
  • the stopper 110 includes a limiting spring 111, a limiting block 112, a limiting slot 113, the limiting block 112 is provided with an inclined guiding edge 114, and the slider 4 and the limiting block 112 are limitedly guided.
  • the edge 114 matching position is provided with a slider guiding edge 400.
  • the crash panel 6, the rubber sleeve 8 and the lateral spring 7 are elastically deformed in the lateral direction, and the stopper 110 restricts the lateral movement of the slider 4 in the slide rail 11.
  • the top end of the slider 4 is mounted with a first warning device 17, the first warning device 17 is connected to the lateral touch button 14 by a wire 9, and the lateral touch button 14 is disposed at the lateral spring 7 and the The connection of the slider 4 is described.
  • the first warning device 17 includes a buzzer, an alarm light, a GPS signal transmitter and a solar battery, and the solar panel is placed on the top of the slider 4 and electrically connected to the solar battery.
  • the first warning device 17 is triggered to issue an alarm to remind other vehicles that a car accident occurs, and the driver should be vigilant to avoid rear-end collision, and send the signal to the road control center through the GPS signal transmitter.
  • the lateral elastic protection mode in the lateral elastic protection mode, the specific description is less affected by the impact force, and the impact force in both the longitudinal and lateral directions is small; or the impact force is mainly the lateral impact force 21, the extreme
  • the lateral elastic protection mode will be triggered, assuming that the vehicle 19 hits the guard rail 1 vertically as an example.
  • the vehicle 19 first contacts the rubber sleeve 8 on the surface of the crash plate 6, the rubber sleeve 8 is buffer-deformed and compressed, and the rubber sleeve 8 absorbs part of the impact force, and at the same time, the partial impact force is transmitted to the vertical pleat structure 18 by diffusion.
  • the anti-collision plate 6 elastically deforms the partial impact energy by the vertical pleat structure 18, and at the same time transmits the remaining impact force to the lateral spring 7 inside the crash plate 6, and the lateral spring 7 further absorbs energy by elastic deformation, in the process
  • the telescopic rod 5 telescopic section 501 can be extended and contracted with the lateral spring 7, and the fixed section 502 of the telescopic rod 5 can play a role of guiding the limit, so that the plurality of lateral springs 7 can be uniformly deformed and absorb the impact force.
  • the lateral impact force 21, while the impact force in the longitudinal direction is almost negligible, and the barrier 1 does not move in the longitudinal direction under the limit of the stopper 110 on the slide rail 11.
  • the lateral spring 7, the crash plate 6, the telescopic rod 5 and the rubber sleeve 8 of the guardrail 1 are automatically restored to their original shape, so that the lateral spring 7, the collision plate 6, the telescopic rod 5 and the rubber sleeve 8 are formed together.
  • the horizontal anti-collision damping system 20 which mitigates the impact force protects the personnel in the vehicle from the reverse impact force, causes the injury phenomenon to appear, guarantees the life safety of the person, and also protects the guardrail and avoids the repair work.
  • the elastically deformed guard rail 1 can be automatically restored from the compressed state to the original state (shown in Fig. 2), and the process is defined as the lateral elastic protection mode.
  • the first warning device 17 In the transverse elastic protection mode, when the lateral spring 7 is compressed during the impact, the lateral spring 7 presses the lateral touch button 14, and the first warning device 17 issues an alarm.
  • the lateral spring 7 When the crash panel 6 is automatically restored to the original state after the vehicle 19 is removed, the lateral spring 7 also returns to the original state, the lateral spring 7 leaves the lateral touch button 14, and the alert device 16 stops issuing an alarm.
  • the alarm information sent by the first warning device 17 can remind other vehicles that a car accident has occurred, and the driver should be vigilant to avoid rear-end collision.
  • the first warning device 17 sends an alarm message through a wireless signal, and the GPS signal transmitter sends a GPS signal.
  • the road administration center can identify the location of the car accident in the first time by recognizing the information sent by the first alarm device 17, and can predict the guardrail. The damage occurred and a lighter car accident occurred and the corresponding emergency treatment was carried out.
  • the present embodiment is directed to a large impact force 22 and a lateral impact force 21 when the vehicle impact force is large, and the bidirectional protection mode is triggered.
  • the present invention provides an auto-recoverable anti-collision alarm type road guardrail, including a guard rail 1 and a base 2, the base 2 including a support base 3, the guard rail 1 including a lateral anti-collision damping system 20,
  • the anti-collision damper system 20 includes an anti-collision plate 6, a rubber sleeve 8, a telescopic rod 5, a slider 4 and a lateral spring 7; the outer side of the guardrail 1 is connected to the outer anti-collision plate 6 through the slider 4 and the telescopic rod 5,
  • the crash panel 6 is provided with a vertical pleat structure 18, which may be in a variety of configurations, and may be a U-shaped pleat structure 18 or a V-shaped pleated surface or a polygonal plea
  • the outer side of the anti-collision plate 6 is sleeved with a rubber sleeve 8 which has good elasticity and impact resistance.
  • the connection manner of the rubber sleeve 8 and the anti-collision plate 6 may be a bonding, a screw connection or the like.
  • a plurality of lateral springs 7 are disposed on the inner side of the crash panel 6 and between the telescopic rods 5, and the telescopic rods 5 are provided with at least four; the telescopic rods 5 include a telescopic section 501 and a fixed section 502.
  • a baffle 15 is disposed on two longitudinal sides of the support base 3, and the slide rail 11 is disposed on two lateral sides of the support base 3.
  • the slider 4 cooperates with the slide rail 11 and slides on the slide rail 11, and the slider 4 is longitudinally
  • the longitudinal spring 12 is disposed on the side and is connected to the baffle plate 15; the positioner 110 is disposed on the slide rail 11 corresponding to the two ends of the slider 4; the baffle 15, the longitudinal spring 12, the slide rail 11, the limit position
  • the 110 and the slider 4 constitute a longitudinal anti-collision damping system 10; when the impact force of the guardrail is large, the bidirectional protection mode is triggered.
  • the anti-collision plate 6, the rubber sleeve 8 and the lateral spring 7 are first elastically deformed in the lateral direction, and then the slider 4 compresses the stopper 110 and compresses the longitudinal spring 12 to deform and drives the longitudinal displacement of the guardrail 1 .
  • the stopper 110 includes a limiting spring 111, a limiting block 112, and a limiting slot 113.
  • the limiting block 112 is provided with an inclined guiding edge 114, and the slider 4 and the limiting block 112 are limited.
  • the guide edge 114 is provided with a slider guiding edge 400 at a matching position.
  • the longitudinal direction of the slider 4 is disposed on the other side of the slider 4, and is connected to the shutter 15 to enhance the impact resistance in the longitudinal direction.
  • a first warning device 17 is mounted on the top end of the slider 4, and the first warning device 17 is connected to the vertical touch button 16 and the lateral touch button 14 via a wire 9, and the lateral touch button 14 is disposed in the lateral direction.
  • the first warning device 17 is connected by a wire 9 to the longitudinal contact button 16 at the junction of the longitudinal spring 12 and the slider 4.
  • the two-way protection mode When there is a large impact force when the vehicle 19 hits the guardrail, the two-way protection mode will be triggered. Specifically, in general, since the impact force of the vehicle 19 is large and the collision with the guardrail 1 is at an angle, the collision impact force can be decomposed into The transverse impact force 21 and the longitudinal impact force 22, as shown in FIG. 7, the first stage is a buffering process of the lateral impact force 21: the vehicle 19 first contacts the rubber sleeve 8 of the surface of the crash panel 6, and the rubber sleeve 8 is cushioned and deformed.
  • the rubber sleeve 8 absorbs part of the impact force, and at the same time, part of the impact force is transmitted to the vertical pleat structure 18 by diffusion, and the anti-collision plate 6 absorbs part of the impact energy through the elastic deformation of the vertical pleat structure 18, while leaving the remaining
  • the impact force is transmitted to the lateral spring 7 on the inner side of the crash plate 6, and the lateral spring 7 further absorbs energy by elastic deformation.
  • the telescopic section 5 of the telescopic rod 5 can be expanded and contracted with the lateral spring 7, and the fixed section of the telescopic rod 5
  • the 502 can function as a guiding limit, so that the plurality of lateral springs 7 are uniformly deformed and absorb the impact force. At this time, the lateral impact force 21 is absorbed to avoid the lateral impact force 2 1 bounce back to the vehicle to protect the safety of the personnel.
  • the second stage is a buffering process of the longitudinal impact force 21, and the vehicle 19 transmits the longitudinal impact force 22 to the slider 4, and the slider 4 transmits the impact force to the limit guiding edge 114 of the limiting block 112, the limiting block 112 will compress the limit spring 111 to run in the vertical direction and finally be pressed under the slider 4, while the longitudinal spring 12 connected to the slider 4 and the baffle 15 is stretched and deformed in the process; and the slider 4
  • the longitudinal side of the longitudinal side is also provided with a longitudinal spring 13 and is connected to the baffle 15, at which time the longitudinal spring 13 is compressively deformed.
  • the longitudinal deformation of the guardrail 1 is caused by the tensile deformation of the longitudinal spring 12 and the compression deformation of the longitudinal spring 13, and the longitudinal impact force 22 is absorbed to prevent the lateral impact force 21 from bounce back to the vehicle, thereby protecting the safety of the personnel and also Protect the guardrail and avoid repair work.
  • this process since the vehicle 19 hits the guardrail 1, as shown in Fig. 7, the guardrail 1 simultaneously performs lateral elastic deformation and longitudinal displacement, and when the vehicle 19 is removed, the guardrail 1 can automatically return to the original state (shown in Fig. 2). Define this process as a two-way protection mode.
  • the lateral spring 7, the bumper 6 and the rubber boot 8 together form a multi-layer lateral anti-collision damping system 20.
  • the lateral spring 7, the crash plate 6 and the rubber sleeve 8 are elastically deformed and absorb a large amount of lateral impact force.
  • the baffle 15, the longitudinal spring 12, the longitudinal spring 13, the slide rail 11 The stopper 110 and the slider 4 together constitute a multi-layered longitudinal anti-collision damping system 10, the tensile deformation of the longitudinal spring 12 and the compression deformation of the longitudinal spring 13 and the deformation of the stopper 110 absorb a large amount of longitudinal impact force.
  • the lateral spring 7 when the lateral spring 7 is compressed during the impact of the lateral impact force 21, the lateral spring 7 presses the lateral touch button 14, and the first warning device 17 issues an alarm.
  • the longitudinal spring 12 when the longitudinal spring 12 is compressed, the longitudinal spring 12 presses the vertical touch button 16, the second warning device 171 issues an alarm, and the first warning device 17 and the second warning device 171 issue an alarm to remind other vehicles.
  • the driver In the event of a car accident, the driver should be vigilant to avoid a rear-end collision.
  • the first warning device 17 and the second alarm device 171 send the GPS signal to the alarm center and the GPS signal transmitter through the wireless signal, and the road administration center identifies the information sent by the first alarm 17 and the second alarm 171. It can judge the location of a car accident in the first time, and can predict the damage of the guardrail and the occurrence of a serious car accident and carry out corresponding emergency treatment.

Abstract

一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，护栏（1）包含横向防撞减震系统（20）和纵向防撞减震系统（10）。横向防撞减震系统（20）包含防撞板（6）、橡胶套（8）、伸缩杆（5）、滑块（4）和横向弹簧（7）；护栏（1）的外侧通过滑块（4）和伸缩杆（5）连接外侧的防撞板（6），防撞板（6）设置竖向褶皱结构（18），防撞板（6）的外侧套设有橡胶套（8），防撞板（6）的内侧并在伸缩杆（5）之间设置有若干个横向弹簧（7）。纵向防撞减震系统（10）包括挡板（15）、纵向弹簧（12）、滑轨（11）、限位器（110）和滑块（4），支撑座（3）纵向两侧设置挡板（15），支撑座（3）横向两侧设置滑轨（11），滑块（4）与滑轨（11）配合并在滑轨（11）滑动，滑块（4）纵向一侧设置纵向弹簧（12）并与挡板（15）相连；滑轨（11）上与滑块（4）两端对应位置设置限位器（110）。根据遭受的冲击力和撞击角度不同，护栏（1）触发横向弹性保护模式或双向保护模式。该护栏可有效缓冲撞击，并能自动复位。

Description

一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏 技术领域
本发明涉及一种公路护栏，特别涉及一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，属于公路设备技术领域。
背景技术
高速公路护栏是设置在高速公路两边或中间的防护栏，车辆对其碰撞时，可以起保护作用，但是，现有的护栏防撞减震能力差，无法保护人员和车辆安全，并且在在发生车祸时，无法不能对其他车辆进行警示，提醒驾驶人员有车祸发生；特别是针对高速公路易发生事故路段，护栏遭受车祸冲击力后不能自行恢复，需要路政人员进行更换，不仅费时费力，而且也影响高速路的通行。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，解决了现有技术中护栏防撞减震能力差，不能自行恢复，无警示作用，不便于使用的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了如下的技术方案：
本发明一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，包括护栏和底座，所述底座包含支撑座，其中，所述护栏包含横向防撞减震系统，所述防撞减震系统包含防撞板，橡胶套，伸缩杆，滑块和横向弹簧；护栏的外侧通过滑块和伸缩杆连接外侧的防撞板，所述防撞板设置竖向褶皱结构，所述防撞板的外侧套设有橡胶套，所述防撞板的内侧并在所述伸缩杆之间设置有若干个横向弹簧，所述伸缩杆设置至少2个。所述支撑座纵向两侧设置挡板，所述支撑座横向两侧设置滑轨，所述滑块与滑轨配合并在滑轨滑动，所述滑块纵向一侧设置纵向弹簧并与挡板相连；所述滑轨上与所述滑块两端对应位置设置限位器，所述挡板，纵向弹簧，滑轨，限位器和滑块组成纵向防撞减震系统；
根据遭受的冲击力和撞击角度不同，所述护栏触发横向弹性保护模式或双向保护模式。
本发明一种优选的技术方案，其中，所述限位器包含限位弹簧，限位块和限位槽，所述限位块设置倾斜导向边，所述滑块与限位块的限位导向边匹配位置设置有滑块导向边。
本发明一种优选的技术方案，其中，在横向弹性保护模式下，所述防撞板，橡胶套和横向弹簧是沿横向弹性变形，所述限位器限制滑块在滑轨中横向运动。
本发明一种优选的技术方案，其中，在双向保护模式下，所述防撞板，橡胶套和横向 弹簧首先沿横向弹性变形，然后滑块压缩限位器并压缩纵向弹簧变形带动所述护栏纵向位移。
本发明一种优选的技术方案，其中，纵向防撞减震系统还包括所述纵向弹簧，所述纵向弹簧设置在滑块纵向另一侧，并与挡板相连。
本发明一种优选的技术方案，其中，所述滑块的顶端安装有警示装置，所述警示装置通过导线连接横向触动按钮，且所述横向触动按钮设置在所述横向弹簧与所述滑块的连接处。
本发明一种优选的技术方案，其中，所述滑块的顶端安装有第一警示装置和第二第一警示装置，所述第一警示装置通过导线连接横向触动按钮，且所述横向触动按钮设置在所述横向弹簧与所述滑块的连接处，所述第二第一警示装置通过导线连接纵向触动按钮，所述纵向触动按钮设置在所述纵向弹簧与所述滑块的连接处。
本发明一种优选的技术方案，其中，所述第一警示装置包含蜂鸣器，报警灯，GPS信号发射器和太阳能蓄电池；所述第二警示装置包含蜂鸣器，报警灯和太阳能蓄电池；所述滑块顶部铺设太阳能电池板并与太阳能蓄电池电性连接。
本发明所达到的有益效果是：
本发明的结构简单，且实用性强，通过设置横向防撞减震系统，在横向弹性保护模式下，由于汽车撞在护栏上冲击力较小，所述防撞板，橡胶套和横向弹簧是沿横向弹性变形，可以对护栏进行保护，并可以自动恢复原状，节省了修复费用，并可以保护车辆和人员安全；
双向保护模式下，横向弹簧、防撞板和橡胶套一起形成多层次的横向防撞减震系统。第一阶段，横向弹簧、防撞板和橡胶套会发生弹性变形并吸收大量的横向冲击力；第二阶段，所述挡板，纵向弹簧，滑轨，限位器和滑块一起组成多层次的组成纵向防撞减震系统，纵向弹簧的拉伸变形和纵向弹簧压缩变形以及限位器的变形吸收大量的纵向冲击力。通过横向防撞减震系统和纵向防撞减震系统多层次的防撞减震系统，加强护栏的防撞减震能力，从而实现在冲击力过大时也能保护使车辆中的人员避免出现严重受伤，有利于保证人的生命安全；同时还可以对护栏进行保护，并可以自动恢复原状，节省了修复费用。
通过设有警示装置，可以在车辆撞击护栏时，发出警报和GPS信号，路政中心通过识别第一报警器和第二报警器发出的信息，能第一时间内判断出现车祸的位置，并可以预判护栏的受损情况和车祸的严重程度并进行相应的应急处理，同时也提醒其他车辆有车祸发生，驾驶员要提高警惕，以免发生追尾。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1是本发明的主视图；
图2是本发明的俯视图；
图3是本发明的侧视图；
图4是本发明图2滑轨的4-4剖面示意图；
图5是本发明横向弹性保护模式的示意图；
图6是本发明又一横向弹性保护模式的示意图；
图7是本发明双向保护模式的示意图；
图中：1、护栏；2、底座；3、支撑座；4、滑块；400、滑块导向边；5、伸缩杆；501、伸缩段；502、固定段；6、防撞板；7、横向弹簧；8、橡胶套；9、导线；10、纵向防撞减震系统；11、滑轨；110、限位器；111、限位弹簧；112、限位块；113、限位槽；114、限位导向边；12、纵向弹簧；13、纵向弹簧；14、横向触动按钮；15、挡板；16、纵向触动按钮；17、第一警示装置；171、第二警示装置；18褶皱结构；19、汽车；20、横向防撞减震系统，21，横向冲击力，22纵向冲击力。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1：
如图1-5所示，在本发明中为了便于描述，后续描述中将护栏与路面平行方向定义为纵向，将护栏与路面垂直方向定义为横向。本发明提供一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，包括护栏1和底座2，所述底座2包含支撑座3，所述护栏1包含横向防撞减震系统20，所述防撞减震系统20包含防撞板6，橡胶套8，伸缩杆5，滑块4和横向弹簧7；护栏1的外侧通过滑块4和伸缩杆5连接外侧的防撞板6，所述防撞板6设置竖向褶皱结构18，此处的褶皱结构18可以是多种结构形式，可以是U型的褶皱结构18也可以是V型的褶皱面或多边形的褶皱面。所述防撞板6的外侧套设有橡胶套8，所述橡胶套8具有良好的弹性和耐冲击性，橡胶套8与防撞板6的连接方式可以是粘接，螺钉连接等方式。所述防撞板6的内侧并在所述伸缩杆5之间设置有若干个横向弹簧7，所述伸缩杆5设置至少2个；本实施例中，伸缩杆5设置了6个，所述伸缩杆5包含伸缩段501和固定段502。
所述支撑座3纵向两侧设置挡板15，所述支撑座3横向两侧设置滑轨11，所述滑块4与滑轨11配合并在滑轨11滑动，所述滑块4纵向一侧设置纵向弹簧12并与挡板15相连；所述滑轨11上与所述滑块4两端对应位置设置限位器110；所述挡板15，纵向弹簧12，滑轨11，限位器110和滑块4组成纵向防撞减震系统10；在遭受的冲击力较小和主要是横向冲击力21时，或当车辆19垂直方撞击护栏1时，触发横向弹性保护模式。
进一步，所述限位器110包含限位弹簧111，限位块112；限位槽113，所述限位块112设置倾斜导向边114，所述滑块4与限位块112的限位导向边114匹配位置设置有滑块导向边400。当受到纵向冲击力22时，如果冲击力较小，由于限位块112的限位作用，所以滑块4不会做纵向运动；当纵向冲击力22较大时，滑块4会将冲击力传导到限位块112的限位导向边114上，限位块112会压缩限位弹簧111做竖直方向运行并最终被压在滑块4下面。
进一步，在横向弹性保护模式下，所述防撞板6，橡胶套8和横向弹簧7是沿横向弹性变形，所述限位器110限制滑块4在滑轨11中横向运动。
进一步的，所述滑块4的顶端安装有第一警示装置17，所述第一警示装置17通过导线9连接横向触动按钮14，且所述横向触动按钮14设置在所述横向弹簧7与所述滑块4的连接处。
进一步的，所述第一警示装置17包含蜂鸣器，报警灯，GPS信号发射器和太阳能蓄电池，所述滑块4顶部铺设太阳能电池板并与太阳能蓄电池电性连接。横向触动按钮14被横向弹簧7压缩后触发第一警示装置17发出警报，提醒其他车辆有车祸发生，驾驶员要提高警惕，以免发生追尾，同时通过GPS信号发射器将信号发到路政控制中心。
本领域的技术人员应当知道，由于车辆19沿路面纵向方向行驶的惯性作用，通常情况下，车辆19撞击护栏1后，在横向方向上的冲击力较小，而在纵向方向的冲击力较大，但是由于车辆19发生车祸后，撞击护栏1角度不同，也可能出现近似车辆垂直方向撞击护栏的情况，此时纵向冲击力22几乎为零，但依然存在一定的横向冲击力21，此时就主要是横向冲击力21对护栏1造成冲击。
如图5-6所示，在横向弹性保护模式下，具体的描述在遭受的冲击力较小，此时纵向和横向的冲击力都较小；或冲击力主要是横向冲击力21时，极端情况下当车辆19垂直方撞击护栏1时，将会触发横向弹性保护模式，假设车辆19垂直方撞击护栏1为例进行描述。车辆19首先与防撞板6表面橡胶套8的接触，橡胶套8进行缓冲变形并压缩，橡胶套8将部分冲击力吸收，同时将部分冲击力通过扩散方式传递到竖向褶皱结构18上， 防撞板6通过竖向褶皱结构18弹性变形吸收部分冲击能量，同时又把剩余的冲击力传递到防撞板6内侧的横向弹簧7，横向弹簧7通过弹性变形进一步的吸收能量，在此过程中伸缩杆5伸缩段501可以随着横向弹簧7伸缩，伸缩杆5的固定段502可以起到导向限位的作用，使多个横向弹簧7均衡的变形并吸收冲击力，此时由于主要是横向冲击力21，而纵向方式的冲击力几乎可以忽略，并且在滑轨11上的限位器110的限位作用下，护栏1不会在纵向运动。当车辆移开后，护栏1的横向弹簧7、防撞板6、伸缩杆5和橡胶套8自动恢复原状，因此，横向弹簧7、防撞板6、伸缩杆5和橡胶套8一起形成多层次减缓冲击力的横向防撞减震系统20，保护车辆中的人员避免出现反向的冲击力，造成受伤的现象出现，保证人的生命安全，同时也保护了护栏，避免进行修复工作。在这个过程中，由于车辆19垂直方撞击护栏1，如图5所示，弹性变形的护栏1可以由压缩状态自动恢复原始状态(图2所示)，定义此过程为横向弹性保护模式。
如图6所示，假设在车辆19撞击的冲击力较小，此时纵向冲击力22和横向冲击力21都较小，横向冲击力21的冲击过程与上述在近似垂直方向撞击护栏1时的情况类似；而在纵向方向上，由于存在较小的纵向冲击力22，所以此时纵向冲击力22会通过滑块4传递到滑轨11上，但滑轨11在限位器110的限位块112限位作用下，纵向冲击力22被限位器110吸收。
横向弹性保护模式下，撞击过程中横向弹簧7压缩时，横向弹簧7压动横向触动按钮14，第一警示装置17发出警报。当车辆19移开后，防撞板6自动恢复到原始状态时，横向弹簧7也恢复到原始状态，横向弹簧7离开横向触动按钮14，警示装置16停止发出警报。通过第一警示装置17发出的警报信息，可以提醒其他车辆有车祸发生，驾驶员要提高警惕，以免发生追尾。同时第一警示装置17通过无线信号发出报警信息，GPS信号发射器发出GPS信号，路政中心通过识别第一报警器17发出的信息，能第一时间内判断出现车祸的位置，并可以预判护栏的受损情况和出现了较轻的车祸并进行相应的应急处理。
实施例2
如图1-4和图7所示，本实施例与实施例1相比，本实施例是针对车辆撞击力较大时，纵向冲击力22和横向冲击力21都较大，触发双向保护模式的情况。具体的，本发明提供一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，包括护栏1和底座2，所述底座2包含支撑座3，所述护栏1包含横向防撞减震系统20，所述防撞减震系统20包含防撞板6，橡胶套8，伸缩杆5，滑块4和横向弹簧7；护栏1的外侧通过滑块4和伸缩杆5连接外侧的防撞板 6，所述防撞板6设置竖向褶皱结构18，此处的褶皱结构18可以是多种结构形式，可以是U型的褶皱结构18也可以是V型的褶皱面或多边形的褶皱面。所述防撞板6的外侧套设有橡胶套8，所述橡胶套8具有良好的弹性和耐冲击性，橡胶套8与防撞板6的连接方式可以是粘接，螺钉连接等方式。所述防撞板6的内侧并在所述伸缩杆5之间设置有若干个横向弹簧7，所述伸缩杆5设置至少4个；所述伸缩杆5包含伸缩段501和固定段502。
所述支撑座3纵向两侧设置挡板15，所述支撑座3横向两侧设置滑轨11，所述滑块4与滑轨11配合并在滑轨11滑动，所述滑块4纵向一侧设置纵向弹簧12并与挡板15相连；所述滑轨11上与所述滑块4两端对应位置设置限位器110；所述挡板15，纵向弹簧12，滑轨11，限位器110和滑块4组成纵向防撞减震系统10；在护栏遭受的冲击力较大时，触发双向保护模式。
进一步，在双向保护模式下，所述防撞板6，橡胶套8和横向弹簧7首先沿横向弹性变形，然后滑块4压缩限位器110并压缩纵向弹簧12变形带动所述护栏1纵向位移。具体的，所述限位器110包含限位弹簧111，限位块112；限位槽113，所述限位块112设置倾斜导向边114，所述滑块4与限位块112的限位导向边114匹配位置设置有滑块导向边400。当纵向冲击力22较大时，滑块4会将冲击力传导到限位块112的限位导向边114上，限位块112会压缩限位弹簧111做竖直方向运行并最终被压在滑块4下面。
进一步，所述滑块4纵向另一侧设置纵向弹簧13，并与挡板15相连，可以增强纵向方向的抗冲击能力。
进一步，所述滑块4的顶端安装有第一警示装置17，所述第一警示装置17通过导线9连接纵向触动按钮16和横向触动按钮14，且所述横向触动按钮14设置在所述横向弹簧7与所述滑块4的连接处，所述第一警示装置17通过导线9连接所述纵向触动按钮16设置在所述纵向弹簧12与所述滑块4的连接处。
当有车辆19撞击护栏时撞击力较大时，将触发双向保护模式，具体的，通常来说，由于车辆19冲击力大，并且与护栏1成一定角度的碰撞，所以碰撞冲击力可以分解为横向冲击力21和纵向冲击力22，与如图7所示，第一阶段为横向冲击力21的缓冲过程：车辆19首先与防撞板6表面橡胶套8的接触，橡胶套8进行缓冲变形并压缩，橡胶套8将部分冲击力吸收，同时将部分冲击力通过扩散方式传递到竖向褶皱结构18上，防撞板6通过竖向褶皱结构18弹性变形吸收部分冲击能量，同时又把剩余的冲击力传递到防撞板6内侧的横向弹簧7，横向弹簧7通过弹性变形进一步的吸收能量，在此过程中伸缩杆5伸缩段501可以随着横向弹簧7伸缩，伸缩杆5的固定段502可以起到导向限位的作 用，使多个横向弹簧7均衡的变形并吸收冲击力，此时是将横向冲击力21进行了吸收，避免横向冲击力21反弹回车辆，保护人员的车辆安全。
第二阶段为纵向冲击力21的缓冲过程，车辆19将纵向冲击力22传导到滑块4上，滑块4会将冲击力传导到限位块112的限位导向边114上，限位块112会压缩限位弹簧111做竖直方向运行并最终被压在滑块4下面，同时在这个过程中与滑块4和挡板15连接的纵向弹簧12拉伸变形；而所述滑块4纵向另一侧也设置有纵向弹簧13，并与挡板15相连，此时纵向弹簧13做压缩变形。通过纵向弹簧12的拉伸变形和纵向弹簧13的压缩变形带动带动所述护栏1进行纵向位移，并将纵向冲击力22吸收，避免横向冲击力21反弹回车辆，保护人员的车辆安全，同时也保护了护栏，避免进行修复工作。
在这个过程中，由于车辆19撞击护栏1，如图7所示，护栏1同时做横向弹性变形和纵向位移，当车辆19移开后，护栏1可以自动恢复原始状态(图2所示)，定义此过程为双向保护模式。
因此，双向保护模式下，横向弹簧7、防撞板6和橡胶套8一起形成多层次的横向防撞减震系统20。第一个阶段，横向弹簧7、防撞板6和橡胶套8会发生弹性变形并吸收大量的横向冲击力，第二阶段，所述挡板15，纵向弹簧12，纵向弹簧13，滑轨11，限位器110和滑块4一起组成多层次的组成纵向防撞减震系统10，纵向弹簧12的拉伸变形和纵向弹簧13压缩变形以及限位器110的变形吸收大量的纵向冲击力。
同时在双向保护模式下，横向冲击力21撞击过程中横向弹簧7压缩时，横向弹簧7压动横向触动按钮14，第一警示装置17发出警报。纵向冲击力22撞击过程中，纵向弹簧12压缩时，纵向弹簧12压动纵向触动按钮16，第二警示装置171发出警报，第一警示装置17和第二警示装置171发出警报，可以提醒其他车辆有车祸发生，驾驶员要提高警惕，以免发生追尾。同时第一警示装置17和第二报警器171通过无线信号将报警信息和GPS信号发射器发出GPS信号发回路政中心，路政中心通过识别第一报警器17和第二报警器171发出的信息，能第一时间内判断出现车祸的位置，并可以预判护栏的受损情况和出现了较严重的车祸并进行相应的应急处理。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，包括护栏(1)和底座(2)，所述底座(2)包含支撑座(3)，其特征在于，所述护栏(1)包含横向防撞减震系统(20)，所述防撞减震系统(20)包含防撞板(6)，橡胶套(8)，伸缩杆(5)，滑块(4)和横向弹簧(7)；护栏(1)的外侧通过滑块(4)和伸缩杆(5)连接外侧的防撞板(6)，所述防撞板(6)设置竖向褶皱结构(18)，所述防撞板(6)的外侧套设有橡胶套(8)，所述防撞板(6)的内侧并在所述伸缩杆(5)之间设置有若干个横向弹簧(7)，所述伸缩杆(5)设置至少2个；
    所述支撑座(3)纵向两侧设置挡板(15)，所述支撑座(3)横向两侧设置滑轨(11)，所述滑块(4)与滑轨(11)配合并在滑轨(11)滑动，所述滑块(4)纵向一侧设置纵向弹簧(12)并与挡板(15)相连；所述滑轨(11)上与所述滑块(4)两端对应位置设置限位器(110)；所述挡板(15)，纵向弹簧(12)，滑轨(11)，限位器(110)和滑块(4)组成纵向防撞减震系统(10)；
    根据遭受的冲击力和撞击角度不同，所述护栏(1)触发横向弹性保护模式或双向保护模式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，其特征在于，所述限位器(110)包含限位弹簧(111)，限位块(112)和限位槽(113)，所述限位块(112)设置倾斜导向边(114)，所述滑块(4)与限位块(112)的限位导向边(114)匹配位置设置有滑块导向边(400)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，其特征在于，在横向弹性保护模式下，所述防撞板(6)，橡胶套(8)和横向弹簧(7)是沿横向弹性变形，所述限位器(110)限制滑块(4)在滑轨(11)中横向运动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，其特征在于，在双向保护模式下，所述防撞板(6)，橡胶套(8)和横向弹簧(7)首先沿横向弹性变形，然后滑块(4)压缩限位器(110)并压缩纵向弹簧(12)变形带动所述护栏(1)纵向位移。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，其特征在于，所述纵向防撞减震系统(10)还包括所述纵向弹簧(13)，所述纵向弹簧(13)设置在滑块(4)纵向另一侧，并与挡板(15)相连。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，其特征在于，所述滑 块(4)的顶端安装有第一警示装置(17)，所述第一警示装置(17)通过导线(9)连接横向触动按钮(14)，且所述横向触动按钮(14)设置在所述横向弹簧(7)与所述滑块(4)的连接处。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，其特征在于，所述滑块(4)的顶端安装有第一警示装置(17)和第二警示装置(171)，所述第一警示装置(17)通过导线(9)连接横向触动按钮(14)，且所述横向触动按钮(14)设置在所述横向弹簧(7)与所述滑块(4)的连接处，所述第二警示装置(171)通过导线(9)连接纵向触动按钮(16)，所述纵向触动按钮(16)设置在所述纵向弹簧(12)与所述滑块(4)的连接处。
  8. 根据权利要求7任一项所述的一种可自动恢复的防撞报警型公路护栏，其特征在于，所述第一警示装置(17)包含蜂鸣器，报警灯，GPS信号发射器和太阳能蓄电池；所述第二警示装置(171)包含蜂鸣器，报警灯和太阳能蓄电池；所述滑块(4)顶部铺设太阳能电池板并与太阳能蓄电池电性连接。
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