WO2018020686A1 - 燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018020686A1 WO2018020686A1 PCT/JP2016/072443 JP2016072443W WO2018020686A1 WO 2018020686 A1 WO2018020686 A1 WO 2018020686A1 JP 2016072443 W JP2016072443 W JP 2016072443W WO 2018020686 A1 WO2018020686 A1 WO 2018020686A1
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- Prior art keywords
- seal
- fuel cell
- seal portion
- gas
- anode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/028—Sealing means characterised by their material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/242—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improvement in a fuel cell having a structure in which a cell structure is sandwiched between a pair of separators.
- Patent Document 1 As a conventional fuel cell, there is one described in Patent Document 1, for example.
- the fuel cell described in Patent Document 1 includes a membrane electrode assembly including electrode layers on both surfaces of an electrolyte layer, and a pair of separators facing each other with the membrane electrode assembly interposed therebetween.
- a reaction gas supply manifold and a discharge manifold are formed in the membrane electrode assembly and the separator, respectively.
- annular seal member is disposed between the peripheral edge of the membrane electrode assembly and the separator so as to surround the electrode layer in order to prevent leakage of the reaction gas. Further, in the membrane electrode assembly, a seal member is disposed around the manifold for the cathode gas on the anode side, and a seal member is disposed around the manifold for the anode gas on the cathode side. Each circulation space of the cathode gas is hermetically separated.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and can suppress leakage of the anode gas to the outside. Even if the seal portion of the anode gas deteriorates, It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell that can be rendered harmless before the anode gas that has passed through is discharged to the outside.
- a fuel cell according to the present invention includes a cell structure having a structure in which an electrolyte is sandwiched between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, and a pair of separators that respectively form anode gas and cathode gas flow regions between the cell structure and the cell structure. It has.
- the fuel cell includes, on the anode electrode side of the cell structure, a first seal portion that surrounds a circulation region of the anode gas, and a second seal portion that surrounds an outer peripheral side of the first seal portion, An oxygen-containing gas flow passage is formed between the first seal portion and the second seal portion.
- the first seal portion and the second seal portion form a double seal structure between the anode electrode side of the cell structure and the separator facing the anode electrode, and the anode gas Prevent leakage to the outside.
- the fuel cell forms a flow path for the oxygen-containing gas between the first seal part and the second seal part on the outer peripheral side thereof. Therefore, the anode gas that has passed through the first seal portion is mixed and burned with the oxygen-containing gas or diluted with the oxygen-containing gas.
- the fuel cell according to the present invention can suppress the leakage of the anode gas, and even if the first seal portion deteriorates, the anode gas that has passed through the first seal portion is discharged to the outside. Can be detoxified before doing. Thereby, the fuel cell can improve safety.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fuel cell illustrating a first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the long side part of a fuel cell. It is a top view explaining the cathode electrode side and anode electrode side of a cell structure. It is sectional drawing of the long side part of the fuel cell which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the long side part of the state fuel cell which shows 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view by the side of the anode electrode which shows 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view by the side of the anode electrode which shows 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the fuel cell stack which shows 6th Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a fuel cell stack FS including a fuel cell FC according to the present invention.
- the illustrated fuel cell stack FS has a structure in which cell structures 3 having frames 2 around a power generation region 1 and separators 4 are alternately stacked. Although two cell structures 3 are shown in FIG. 1, a large number of cell structures 3 are actually stacked. Further, in the fuel cell stack FS, the number of separators 4 is one more than the number of cell structures 3 for the purpose of forming gas flow regions on both surfaces of each cell structure 3.
- the cell structure 3 includes a frame 2 that holds the periphery thereof, and includes the cell structure 3 and a pair of separators 4 and 4. That is, in the fuel cell stack FS shown in FIG. 1, adjacent fuel cells FC share the separator 4 between them to form the respective fuel cells FC.
- the cell structure 3 is a plate-like multi-layer structure having a planar rectangle. As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the cell structure 3 is an upper cathode electrode (air electrode) 6 in FIG.
- the anode 5 (fuel electrode) 7 sandwiches the electrolyte 5.
- the cell structure 3 has a support plate 8 made of a porous material such as foam metal on the anode electrode 7 side. This cell structure 3 has a mechanical strength increased by the support plate 8 while maintaining gas permeability to the anode electrode 7, and may be referred to as a metal support cell, for example.
- the frame 2 is a part of the cell structure 3, and the material thereof is not particularly limited, but resin or metal can be used.
- the frame 2 may be integrally formed with the power generation region 1 including the electrolyte 5, the cathode electrode 6, and the anode electrode 7. Further, the frame 2 uses a porous support plate 8 having a size capable of disposing the power generation region 1 in the center, and the periphery of the support plate 8 is compressed and densified. Part).
- the cell structure 3 of this embodiment includes a reinforcing plate 9 made of a material having gas permeability such as expanded metal or metal mesh on the cathode electrode 6 side, and maintains gas permeability to the cathode electrode 6. However, the mechanical strength is further increased.
- the separator 4 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel and is a planar rectangular member corresponding to the cell structure 3 and is formed into an inverted shape having irregularities by pressing.
- one separator 4 of the pair of separators 4 and 4 forms a cathode gas (oxygen-containing gas / air) circulation region G2 between the cell structure 3 and the cathode electrode 6 side.
- the other separator 4 forms an anode gas (hydrogen-containing gas / hydrogen gas) flow region G1 between the cell structure 3 and the anode electrode 7 side.
- each shared separator 4 forms a cathode gas flow region G2 on one side which is the upper side in FIG. 3, and forms an anode gas flow region G1 on the other side which is the lower side in FIG.
- both distribution regions G1 and G2 are separated.
- region G1, G2 is the whole region which only each gas can distribute
- an anode gas supply manifold hole H1 and a cathode gas discharge manifold hole H2 are formed in one short side portion of the frame 2 of the cell structure 3 and the separator 4, respectively.
- an anode gas discharge manifold hole H3 and a cathode gas supply manifold hole H4 are formed in the other short side portion, respectively.
- These manifold holes H1 to H4 form manifolds that communicate with each other and allow fuel gas and air to flow in a state where the cell structure 3 and the separator 4 are stacked.
- end plates E1 and E2 are arranged above and below the stack of fuel cells FC via current collecting plates C1 and C2.
- the fuel cell stack FS restrains the stack by connecting the end plates E1 and E2 on both sides with bolts and nuts.
- a spring for applying a stacking load is disposed as necessary.
- the current collector plates C1 and C2 and one end plate E2 are also formed with individual manifold holes H1 to H4.
- the main seal members S include those arranged between the peripheral portions of the cell structure 3 and the separator 4, and those arranged around the manifold holes H1 to H4. Details are described below.
- the fuel cell FC constituting the fuel cell stack FS includes, on the anode electrode 7 side of the cell structure 3, a first seal portion S1 that surrounds the anode gas flow region G1, A second seal portion S2 that surrounds the outer peripheral side of the first seal portion S1 is provided.
- the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 are arranged at a constant interval, and an oxygen-containing gas flow passage F is formed between the first and second seal portions S1 and S2.
- the fuel cell FC includes anode gas manifold holes H1 and H3 in the anode gas flow region G1 on the anode electrode 7 side of the cell structure 3, and between the first seal portion and the second seal portion. Are provided with cathode gas manifold holes H2 and H4.
- the fuel cell FC has a third seal part surrounding the anode gas manifold holes H1 and H3 and a fourth seal part surrounding the cathode gas flow region G2 on the cathode electrode 6 side of the cell structure 3.
- the fuel cell FC surrounds the anode gas flow region G1, that is, the flow region G1 including the anode electrode 7 and the manifold holes H1 and H3, on the anode electrode 7 side of the cell structure 3 shown on the right side in FIG.
- the endless first seal portion S1 is arranged.
- the manifold holes H2 and H4 for the cathode gas are outside the first seal portion S1.
- an endless second seal portion S2 is provided at the peripheral edge of the frame 2 so that the anode gas flow region G1 and the cathode gas manifold holes H2 and H4 are included on the anode electrode 7 side of the cell structure 3. It is arranged.
- an endless third seal portion S3 is arranged around the manifold holes H1 and H3 for the anode gas.
- an endless fourth seal portion is formed on the peripheral edge of the frame 2 so as to surround the cathode gas flow region G2, that is, the flow region G2 including the cathode electrode 6 and the manifold holes H2 and H4. S4 is arranged.
- the fuel cell FC having the above-described configuration supplies the cathode gas to the cathode electrode 6 of the cell structure 3 and also supplies the anode gas to the anode electrode 7, whereby the electrochemical reaction in each of the electrodes 6, 7 and the electrolyte 5. To generate electrical energy.
- the anode gas flows from the supply manifold hole H1 through the anode electrode 7 to the discharge manifold hole H3.
- the cathode gas flows from the supply manifold H4 through the cathode electrode 6 to the discharge manifold hole H2, and the anode gas (AG). The flow is reversed.
- the flow path F for the oxygen-containing gas is formed between the first seal portion S1 and the second seal portion S2 on the anode electrode 7 side of the cell structure 3, and this flow Since the cathode gas manifold holes H2 and H4 are arranged in the path F, the cathode gas, which is an oxygen-containing gas, continuously flows through the flow path F as indicated by a short arrow in FIG. Since the cathode gas supplied to the flow path F is a part of the cathode gas before being supplied to the power generation region 1, it contains a sufficient amount of oxygen.
- the fuel cell FC having the above configuration has a double seal between the anode electrode 7 side of the cell structure 3 and the separator 4 facing the cell structure 3 by the first seal portion S1 and the second seal portion S2.
- a structure is formed to prevent leakage of anode gas to the outside.
- the fuel cell FC has a relationship between the first seal portion S1 and the second seal portion S2 even if the anode gas leaks outside the first seal portion S1. Since there is a flow passage F for the oxygen-containing gas, the anode gas and the cathode gas (oxygen-containing gas) are mixed and burned in the flow passage F, or the anode gas is diluted with the cathode gas.
- the fuel cell FC can prevent the anode gas from leaking to the outside due to the double seal structure, and even if the first seal portion S1 deteriorates, in the flow path F, The anode gas that has passed through the first seal portion S1 can be rendered harmless before being discharged to the outside. As a result, it is possible to prevent a situation in which high-concentration anode gas is discharged to the outside and improve safety.
- the manifold holes H2 and H4 for the cathode gas are arranged between the first and second seal portions S1 and S2, and the cathode gas as the oxygen-containing gas is circulated through the flow path F. Therefore, it is not necessary to use an independent oxygen-containing gas supply system for the flow path F, and the apparatus structure and the entire system can be simplified and reduced in cost.
- FIG. 5 to FIG. 9 are views showing second to sixth embodiments of the fuel cell and the fuel cell stack according to the present invention.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the seal strength of the first and second seal portions S1, S2 and the seal strength of the third and fourth seal portions S3, S4 are different from each other. Can do.
- the seal strength of the first and second seal portions S1, S2 can be greater than the seal strength of the third and fourth seal portions S3, S4.
- the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 are formed by welding, and the fourth seal portion S4 is formed by a glass material such as low crystallized glass.
- the seal structure of the fuel cell FC has different seal strengths on the anode side and the cathode side, and the seal strength on the anode side employing welding is relatively large. Since FIG. 5 is a cross section of the long side portion of the fuel cell FC, the third seal portion (S3) does not appear in the drawing.
- the first and third seal portions S1 and S3 are in contact with both the anode gas and the cathode gas.
- the second and fourth seal portions S2, S4 are mainly in contact with the cathode gas. Therefore, the fuel cell FC appropriately selects the sealing method of each of the seal portions S1 to S4, the material of the seal member, the seal structure, and the like according to the type of gas that comes into contact, and varies the seal strength.
- the fuel cell FC prevents leakage of the anode gas to the outside by the double seal structure including the first and second seal portions S1 and S2, as in the previous embodiment. Further, as shown by a dotted arrow in the drawing, the fuel cell FC burns or dilutes the anode gas that has passed through the first seal portion S1 in the flow path F even if the first seal portion S1 deteriorates. And detoxify before discharging to the outside.
- the fuel cell FC includes the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 and the third and fourth seal portions S3 and S4 having different seal strengths.
- the robustness of the seal portions S1 to S4 can be improved against corrosion, oxidation, and reduction, and the reliability and safety can be further improved.
- the fuel cell FC makes the seal strength of the first and second seal portions S1, S2 larger than the seal strength of the third and fourth seal portions S3, S4, thereby preventing corrosion, oxidation, and reduction. Further improvement of the robustness of the seal portions S1 to S4 is realized.
- the weld is made of metal and deteriorates when placed in a high-temperature oxidizing environment (generates an oxide layer and weakens), so it is desirable to provide it in a reducing atmosphere. From such a viewpoint, in the above embodiment, the robustness is improved by adopting welding for the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 on the anode gas side.
- the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 are formed by welding, and the third and fourth seal portions S3 and S4 are formed of a glass material, so that the seal strengths are different from each other.
- the seal strength can be set, for example, by increasing / decreasing the welding range or changing the composition of the glass material. Accordingly, for example, the anode side first seal portion S1 and the cathode side third seal portion S3 are formed by welding, and the anode side second seal portion S2 and the cathode side fourth seal portion S4 are formed by a glass material.
- the seal strengths of the seal portions S1 to S4 can be made different from each other.
- the seal strength of the first seal portion S1 and the seal strength of the second seal portion S2 are different from each other.
- the seal strength of the first seal portion S1 can be greater than the seal strength of the second seal portion S2.
- the first seal portion S1 is formed by welding, and the second seal portion S2 is formed by a glass material.
- the fuel cell FC having the above-described configuration has different rupture modes (inputs effective for rupture) of the first seal portion S1 and the second seal portion S2.
- the fuel cell FC can obtain the same effects as those of the previous embodiment, and both the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 are broken simultaneously with respect to a certain input. Stop things before they happen.
- the anode gas sealing function by the first seal portion S1 is improved.
- the fuel cell FC burns or dilutes the anode gas that has passed through the first seal portion S1 in the flow passage F in which the oxygen-containing gas flows, Can be detoxified before being discharged.
- the fuel cell FC is formed by welding the first seal portion S1 and the second seal portion S2 by a glass material, so that the anode gas sealing function is improved, and at high temperatures, The two-seal part S2 is softened and the fragility is lowered, which can contribute to the improvement of the robustness of the sealing function.
- ⁇ Fourth embodiment> In the fuel cell FC shown in FIG. 7, on the anode electrode 7 side of the cell structure 3, the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 exclude the cathode gas manifold holes H2 and H4, The distribution area G1 is surrounded.
- the fuel cell FC forms an oxygen-containing gas flow passage F between the first and second seal portions S1 and S2, and continuously supplies the oxygen-containing gas from the supply source 10 to the flow passage F.
- seal members S, S surrounding the cathode gas manifold holes H2, H4 are provided on the anode electrode 7 side of the illustrated fuel cell FC.
- the fuel cell FC forms an oxygen-containing gas inlet 11A in the flow passage F.
- the supply source 10 may be included in, for example, a cathode gas supply system, or may independently supply an oxygen-containing gas. Moreover, if oxygen gas is used as the oxygen-containing gas, the mixed combustion with the anode gas leaked into the flow path F is further promoted, which can contribute to further detoxification of the anode gas.
- an outlet 11B of the flow passage F may be provided to improve the flowability of the oxygen-containing gas in the flow passage F.
- the seal members S and S surrounding the manifold holes H2 and H4 of the cathode gas are illustrated. However, the second seal portion passes through the inside and outside of the manifold holes H2 and H4. S2 may be branched.
- the fuel cell FC shown in FIG. 8 has an oxygen-containing gas flow passage F formed between the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 on the anode electrode 7 side of the cell structure 3, and the cathode gas
- One of the manifold holes H2 and H4 is arranged.
- a manifold hole H4 for supplying cathode gas is disposed in the flow path F, and a seal member S is provided to surround the manifold hole H2 for discharge.
- an oxygen-containing gas outlet 11B is provided in the vicinity of the cathode gas discharge side manifold hole H2 or a passage extending from the outlet 11B to the discharge manifold hole H2 is provided. You may do it.
- the double seal structure including the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 prevents the anode gas from leaking to the outside. 1. Even if the first seal portion S1 is deteriorated, the anode gas that has passed through the first seal portion S1 can be burned or diluted in the flow path F and rendered harmless before being discharged to the outside.
- the fuel cell stack FS shown in FIG. 9 has a structure in which the fuel cells FC (see FIG. 2) described in the previous embodiment are stacked. At this time, the adjacent fuel cells FC have the separator 4 between them. Each fuel cell is configured in common.
- the fuel cell stack FS includes a frame 2 in which a cell structure 3 constituting the fuel cell FC holds its periphery.
- the frame 2 of each cell structure 3 has an extending portion 2 ⁇ / b> A extending on the outer periphery side of the peripheral portion of the separator 4 on the outer periphery thereof.
- the second seal portion S2 is disposed between the extending portions 2A and 2A.
- the second seal portion S2 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the first seal portion S1 that surrounds the circulation region G1 of the anode gas.
- the second seal portion S2 of this embodiment is disposed between the extending portions 2A and 2A of the frame 2, that is, in a portion where the separator 4 does not exist.
- sticker part S2 integrates the 4th seal
- the anode gas is sealed by the first seal portion S1 and the cathode gas is sealed by the second seal portion S2, even if the second seal portion S2 is integrated with the fourth seal portion S4. Is sealed.
- the fuel cell stack FS forms an oxygen-containing gas flow path F between the first seal portion S1 and the second seal portion S2. Therefore, it is more preferable to use a cathode gas as the oxygen-containing gas to be circulated through the flow passage F because of its structure.
- the fuel cell stack FS has a double seal structure including the first and second seal portions S1 and S2 to prevent the anode gas from leaking to the outside. To prevent. Further, even if the first seal portion S1 deteriorates, the fuel cell stack FS can be made harmless before the anode gas is burned or diluted in the flow passage F and discharged to the outside.
- the second seal portion S2 is integrated with the fourth seal portion S4, the number of parts and man-hours can be reduced correspondingly, and the production efficiency can be reduced. Improvement and cost reduction can be realized.
- the configuration of the fuel cell and the fuel cell stack according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the details of the configurations may be changed as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention. These configurations can be appropriately combined.
- the cell structure 3 includes the first seal portion S1 and the second seal portion S2 on the anode electrode 7 side, and the cathode gas manifold holes H2 are provided outside the first seal portion S1.
- a configuration in which H4 is arranged is illustrated.
- the cathode gas manifold hole H2 is formed inside the first seal portion S1. H4 may be disposed, and another seal portion (the seal member S in FIGS. 7 and 8) may be disposed around the manifold holes H2 and H4.
- an independent supply source 10 as shown in FIG. 7 or a cathode gas (oxygen-containing gas) from the manifold holes H2 and H4 to the flow passage F is communicated. A path can be used, and thereby the same effect as that of each embodiment can be obtained.
- Fuel cell FS Fuel cell stack G1 Anode gas flow region G2 Cathode gas flow region H1, H3 Anode gas manifold hole H2, H4 Cathode gas manifold hole S1 First seal part S2 Second seal part S3 First 3 seal part S4 4th seal part 2 frame 2A extension part 3 cell structure 4 separator 5 electrolyte 6 cathode electrode 7 anode electrode
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明に係わる燃料電池FCを含む燃料電池スタックFSを概略的に示す図である。図示の燃料電池スタックFSは、発電領域1の周囲にフレーム2を備えたセル構造体3と、セパレータ4とを交互に積層した構造を有している。なお、図1には2枚のセル構造体3を示したが、実際には多数のセル構造体3を積層する。また、燃料電池スタックFSは、個々のセル構造体3の両面にガスの流通領域を形成する都合上、セパレータ4の数はセル構造体3の数よりも1枚多くなる。
燃料電池FCは、より好ましい実施形態として、第1及び第2のシール部S1,S2のシール強度と、第3及び第4のシール部S3,S4のシール強度とが、互いに異なるものにすることができる。この場合、さらに好ましい実施形態として、第1及び第2のシール部S1,S2のシール強度が、第3及び第4シール部S3,S4のシール強度よりも大きいものとすることができる。
この実施形態の燃料電池FCは、第1シール部S1のシール強度と、第2シール部S2のシール強度とが、互いに異なるものである。また、燃料電池FCは、より好ましい実施形態として、第1シール部S1のシール強度が、第2シール部S2のシール強度よりも大きいものとすることができる。その具体例として、図6に示す燃料電池FCは、第1シール部S1が、溶接により形成してあると共に、第2シール部S2が、ガラス材により形成してある。
図7に示す燃料電池FCは、セル構造体3のアノード電極7側において、第1及び第2のシール部S1,S2が、カソードガスのマニホールド穴H2,H4を除くようにして、アノードガスの流通領域G1を囲繞している。そして、燃料電池FCは、第1及び第2のシール部S1,S2の間に酸素含有ガスの流通路Fを形成し、供給源10から流通路Fに酸素含有ガスを継続的に供給する。また、図示の燃料電池FCのアノード電極7側には、カソードガスのマニホールド穴H2,H4を囲繞するシール部材S,Sが設けてある。
図8に示す燃料電池FCは、セル構造体3のアノード電極7側において、第1及び第2のシール部S1,S2の間に、酸素含有ガスの流通路Fを形成すると共に、カソードガスのマニホールド穴H2,H4の片方が配置してある。図示例では、カソードガスの供給用のマニホールド穴H4を流通路F内に配置し、排出用のマニホールド穴H2を囲繞するシール部材Sを設けている。この場合、図中の点線矢印で示すように、カソードガスの排出側のマニホールド穴H2の近傍に、酸素含有ガスの出口11Bを設けたり、その出口11Bから排出用マニホールド穴H2に至る通路を設けたりしても良い。
図9に示す燃料電池スタックFSは、先の実施形態で説明した燃料電池FC(図2参照)を積層した構造を有し、その際、隣接する燃料電池FC同士が、相互間のセパレータ4を共用して夫々の燃料電池を構成している。また、燃料電池スタックFSは、燃料電池FCを構成するセル構造体3が、その周囲を保持するフレーム2を含むものである。
FC 燃料電池
FS 燃料電池スタック
G1 アノードガスの流通領域
G2 カソードガスの流通領域
H1,H3 アノードガスのマニホールド穴
H2,H4 カソードガスのマニホールド穴
S1 第1シール部
S2 第2シール部
S3 第3シール部
S4 第4シール部
2 フレーム
2A 延出部
3 セル構造体
4 セパレータ
5 電解質
6 カソード電極
7 アノード電極
Claims (10)
- 電解質をアノード電極及びカソード電極で挟んだ構造を有するセル構造体と、前記セル構造体との間にアノードガス及びカソードガスの流通領域を夫々形成する一対のセパレータとを備え、
前記セル構造体のアノード電極側に、アノードガスの流通領域を囲繞する第1シール部と、第1シール部の外周側を囲繞する第2シール部とを備え、
前記第1シール部と第2シール部との間に、酸素含有ガスの流通路を形成したことを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 前記セル構造体及びセパレータが、アノードガス及びカソードガスを流通させるための夫々のマニホールド穴を備えており、
前記セル構造体のアノード電極側において、アノードガスの流通領域内にアノードガスのマニホールド穴を含むと共に、前記第1シール部と第2シール部との間にカソードガスのマニホールド穴が配置してあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池。 - 前記セル構造体のカソード電極側に、アノードガスのマニホールド穴を囲繞する第3シール部と、カソードガスの流通領域を囲繞する第4シール部とを備えていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記第1及び第2のシール部と、前記第3及び第4のシール部とは、互いにシール強度が異なるものであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記第1及び第2のシール部のシール強度が、前記第3及び第4シール部のシール強度よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記第1シール部と第2シール部とは、互いにシール強度が異なるものであることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記第1シール部のシール強度が、前記第2シール部のシール強度よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記第1シール部が、溶接により形成され、前記第2シール部が、ガラス材により形成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の燃料電池。
- 請求項1に記載の燃料電池を積層した構造を有し、
隣接する燃料電池同士が、相互間のセパレータを共用して夫々の燃料電池を構成していることを特徴とする燃料電池スタック。 - 前記セル構造体が、その周囲を保持するフレームを含み、
前記フレームが、その外周に、前記セパレータの周縁部よりも外周側に延出する延出部を有し、
隣接するセル構造体のフレームにおける前記延出部同士の間に、前記第2シール部を配置したことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の燃料電池スタック。
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