WO2017129652A1 - Pyrrolobenzodiazepines - Google Patents

Pyrrolobenzodiazepines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017129652A1
WO2017129652A1 PCT/EP2017/051600 EP2017051600W WO2017129652A1 WO 2017129652 A1 WO2017129652 A1 WO 2017129652A1 EP 2017051600 W EP2017051600 W EP 2017051600W WO 2017129652 A1 WO2017129652 A1 WO 2017129652A1
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group
genbank
antibody
unit
seq
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PCT/EP2017/051600
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Philip Wilson Howard
Thaïs CAILLEAU
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Medimmune Limited
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Application filed by Medimmune Limited filed Critical Medimmune Limited
Priority to US16/072,116 priority Critical patent/US10392393B2/en
Priority to JP2018538812A priority patent/JP2019508391A/ja
Priority to EP17702066.6A priority patent/EP3408267A1/en
Priority to CN201780007426.1A priority patent/CN109071502A/zh
Publication of WO2017129652A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017129652A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
    • A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
    • A61K47/59—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes
    • A61K47/60—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes the organic macromolecular compound being a polyoxyalkylene oligomer, polymer or dendrimer, e.g. PEG, PPG, PEO or polyglycerol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
    • A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
    • A61K47/65—Peptidic linkers, binders or spacers, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs), in particular
  • pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimers having a C2-C3 double bond and an aryl group at the C2 position on one monomer unit, and an exo double bond at the C2 position on the other monomer unit.
  • PBDs pyrrolobenzodiazepines
  • PBDs are of the general structure:
  • the PBD dimers are thought to form sequence-selective DNA lesions such as the palindromic 5'-Pu-GATC-Py-3' interstrand cross-link (Smellie, M., et al., Biochemistry, 42, 8232-8239 (2003); Martin, C, et al, Biochemistry, 44, 4135-4147) which is thought to be mainly responsible for their biological activity. -136):
  • Dimeric PBD compounds bearing C2 aryl substituents, such as SG2202 (ZC-207), are disclosed in WO 2005/085251 :
  • WO 2010/043880 and WO 201 1/130613 disclose dimeric PBDs similar to those above which are not symmetrical due to a group on one of the C2 aryl groups which can be joined to a linker to a cell binding agent, such as an antibody.
  • WO 201 1/130616 discloses similar PBD dimer conjugates, where the PBD monomer which is not linked to the cell binding agent has a double bond between C2 and C3 but a non- aromatic C2 substituent.
  • WO 2013/053873 discloses PBD dimer conjugates, where the PBD monomer linked to the cell binding agent has a double bond between C2 and C3 and is linked via a propenyl group, and the PBD monomer which is not linked to the cell binding agent has a double bond between C2 and C3 and an aromatic or non-aromatic C2 substituent.
  • the C ring may be prone to become fully aromatic by oxidation ('aromatization'). This process may be spontaneous, or the aromatization may occur during synthesis.
  • oxidation 'aromatization'
  • Aromatization can be detected using NMR (by determining the present of an addition aromatic hydrogen).
  • NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
  • the present inventors have synthesised PBD dimers where the Coring not linked to the cell binding agent has an exo-double bond, thus retaining the sp 2 centre at C2.
  • the present invention comprises a compound with the formula I:
  • R 2 is of formula ⁇ :
  • A is a C5-7 aryl group
  • X is selected from the roup consisting of: OH, SH, CO2H,
  • Q 1 is a single bond
  • Q 2 is selected from a single bond and -Z-(CH.2)n-, where Z is selected from a single bond, O, S and NH and n is from 1 to 3;
  • R 6 and R 9 are independently selected from H, R, OH, OR, SH, SR, NH 2 , NHR, NRR', nitro, MesSn and halo;
  • R 7 is selected from H, R, OH, OR, SH, SR, NH 2 , NHR, NHRR', nitro, Me 3 Sn and halo; where R and R' are independently selected from optionally substituted C1-12 alkyl, C3-20 heterocyclyl and C5-20 aryl groups;
  • R 10 is H, and R 11 is OH, OR A , where R A is C1-4 alkyl;
  • R 10 and R 11 form a nitrogen-carbon double bond between the nitrogen and carbon atoms to which they are bound;
  • R 10 is H and R 11 is SO z M, where z is 2 or 3 and M is a monovalent pharmaceutically acceptable cation;
  • R" is a C3-12 alkylene group, which chain is optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, e.g. O, S, NR N2 (where R N2 is H or C1-4 alkyl), and/or aromatic rings, e.g. benzene or pyridine;
  • Y and Y' are selected from O, S, or NH;
  • R 6 , R 7 , R 9 are selected from the same groups as R 6 , R 7 and R 9 respectively and R 10 and R 11 ' are the same as R 10 and R 11 , wherein if R 11 and R 11 ' are SO z M, M may represent a divalent pharmaceutically acceptable cation.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides the use of a compound of the first aspect of the invention in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a proliferative disease.
  • the second aspect also provides a compound of the first aspect of the invention for use in the treatment of a proliferative disease.
  • a third aspect of the present invention comprises a compound of formula II:
  • R 2 is of formula ⁇ :
  • A is a C5-7 aryl group
  • X is selected from the group comprising: OH, SH , CO2H,
  • R N is selected from the group comprising H and C1-4 alkyl, and either:
  • Q 1 is a single bond
  • Q 2 is selected from a single bond and -Z-(CH.2)n-, where Z is selected from a single bond, O, S and N H and n is from 1 to 3;
  • R 6 and R 9 are independently selected from H, R, OH, OR, SH, SR, NH 2 , NHR, NRR', nitro, MesSn and halo;
  • R and R' are independently selected from optionally substituted Ci-i 2 alkyl, C3- 2 o heterocyclyl and Cs- 2 o aryl groups;
  • R 7 is selected from H, R, OH, OR, SH, SR, NH 2 , NHR, NHRR', nitro, Me 3 Sn and halo; either:
  • R 10 is carbamate nitrogen protecting group, and R 11 is 0-Prot°, wherein Prot° is an oxygen protecting group;
  • R 10 is a hemi-aminal nitrogen protecting group and R 11 is an oxo group
  • R" is a C3-i 2 alkylene group, which chain may be interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, e.g. O, S, NR N2 (where R N2 is H or Ci -4 alkyl), and/or aromatic rings, e.g. benzene or pyridine;
  • Y and Y' are selected from O, S, or NH;
  • R 6 , R 7 , R 9 are selected from the same groups as R 6 , R 7 and R 9 respectively and R 10 and R 11' are the same as R 10 and R 11 .
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises a method of making a compound of formula I from a compound of formula II by deprotection of the imine bond.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method of making a compound of the first or third aspect of the invention, comprising at least one of the method steps set out below.
  • the present invention relates to Conjugates comprising dimers of PBDs linked to a targeting agent, wherein a PBD is a dimer of formula I (supra).
  • the Conjugates have the following formula III:
  • L is a Ligand unit (i.e., a targeting agent)
  • LU is a Linker unit
  • D is a Drug unit comprising a PBD dimer according to formula I, wherein LU is connected to D via the X substituent of R 2 .
  • the subscript p is an integer of from 1 to 20. Accordingly, the
  • Conjugates comprise a Ligand unit covalently linked to at least one Drug unit by a Linker unit.
  • the Ligand unit is a targeting agent that binds to a target moiety.
  • the Ligand unit can, for example, specifically bind to a cell component (a Cell
  • the present invention also provides methods for the treatment of, for example, various cancers and autoimmune disease. These methods encompass the use of the Conjugates wherein the Ligand unit is a targeting agent that specifically binds to a target molecule.
  • the Ligand unit can be, for example, a protein, polypeptide or peptide, such as an antibody, an antigen-binding fragment of an antibody, or other binding agent, such as an Fc fusion protein.
  • DLU is a Drug Linker unit
  • D is a Drug unit comprising a PBD dimer according to formula I, wherein DLU is connected to D via the X substituent of R 2 .
  • Figure 1 shows the effect of a conjugate of the invention on a tumour.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable cation may be inorganic or organic.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable monovalent inorganic cations include, but are not limited to, alkali metal ions such as Na + and K + .
  • Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable divalent inorganic cations include, but are not limited to, alkaline earth cations such as Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ .
  • Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable organic cations include, but are not limited to, ammonium ion (i.e. NH 4 + ) and substituted ammonium ions (e.g.
  • NH3R + , NH2R2 + , NHR3 + , NR 4 + examples of some suitable substituted ammonium ions are those derived from: ethylamine, diethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, triethylamine, butylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, piperazine, benzylamine, phenylbenzylamine, choline, meglumine, and tromethamine, as well as amino acids, such as lysine and arginine.
  • An example of a common quaternary ammonium ion is N(CH3)4 + .
  • substituted refers to a parent group which bears one or more substituents.
  • substituted is used herein in the conventional sense and refers to a chemical moiety which is covalently attached to, or if appropriate, fused to, a parent group.
  • substituents are well known, and methods for their formation and introduction into a variety of parent groups are also well known. Examples of substituents are described in more detail below.
  • C-i-12 alkyl refers to a monovalent moiety obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon compound having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be aliphatic or alicyclic, and which may be saturated or unsaturated (e.g. partially unsaturated, fully unsaturated).
  • alkyl includes the sub-classes alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, etc., discussed below.
  • saturated alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl (Ci), ethyl (C2), propyl (C3), butyl (C 4 ), pentyl (C5), hexyl ⁇ Ce) and heptyl (C7).
  • saturated linear alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl (Ci), ethyl (C2), n-propyl (C3), n-butyl (C 4 ), n-pentyl (amyl) (C5), n-hexyl ⁇ Ce) and n-heptyl (C7).
  • saturated branched alkyl groups include iso-propyl (C3), iso-butyl (C 4 ), sec-butyl (C 4 ), tert-butyl (C 4 ), iso-pentyl (C5), and neo-pentyl (C5).
  • C2-12 alkynyl The term "C2-12 alkynyl” as used herein, pertains to an alkyl group having one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.
  • unsaturated alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl (-C ⁇ CH) and 2-propynyl (propargyl, -CH2-C ⁇ CH).
  • C3-12 cycloalkyl refers to an alkyl group which is also a cyclyl group; that is, a monovalent moiety obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from an alicyclic ring atom of a cyclic hydrocarbon (carbocyclic) compound, which moiety has from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, including from 3 to 7 ring atoms.
  • cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, those derived from:
  • C3-20 heterocyclyl pertains to a monovalent moiety obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from a ring atom of a heterocyclic compound, which moiety has from 3 to 20 ring atoms, of which from 1 to 10 are ring heteroatoms.
  • each ring has from 3 to 7 ring atoms, of which from 1 to 4 are ring heteroatoms.
  • the prefixes e.g.
  • C3-20, C3-7, C5-6, etc. denote the number of ring atoms, or range of number of ring atoms, whether carbon atoms or heteroatoms.
  • C 5 -6heterocyclyl as used herein, pertains to a heterocyclyl group having 5 or 6 ring atoms.
  • monocyclic heterocyclyl groups include, but are not limited to, those derived from:
  • Ni aziridine (C3), azetidine (C 4 ), pyrrolidine (tetrahydropyrrole) (C5), pyrroline (e.g.,
  • O1 oxirane (C3), oxetane (C 4 ), oxolane (tetrahydrofuran) (C5), oxole (dihydrofuran) (C5), oxane (tetrahydropyran) (Ce), dihydropyran (Ce), pyran (Ce), oxepin (C7);
  • O2 dioxolane (C5), dioxane (Ce), and dioxepane (C7);
  • N2 imidazolidine (C5), pyrazolidine (diazolidine) (C5), imidazoline (C5), pyrazoline
  • N1O1 tetrahydrooxazole (C5), dihydrooxazole (C5), tetrahydroisoxazole (C5),
  • dihydroisoxazole C5
  • morpholine Ce
  • tetrahydrooxazine Ce
  • dihydrooxazine Ce
  • oxazine Ce
  • N1S1 thiazoline (C5), thiazolidine (C5), thiomorpholine (Ce);
  • N2O1 oxadiazine (Ce);
  • O1S1 oxathiole (C5) and oxathiane (thioxane) (Ce); and,
  • N1O1S1 oxathiazine (C 6 ).
  • substituted monocyclic heterocyclyl groups include those derived from saccharides, in cyclic form, for example, furanoses (C5), such as arabinofuranose, lyxofuranose, ribofuranose, and xylofuranse, and pyranoses (Ce), such as allopyranose, altropyranose, glucopyranose, mannopyranose, gulopyranose, idopyranose,
  • C5-20 aryl refers to a monovalent moiety obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from an aromatic ring atom of an aromatic compound, which moiety has from 3 to 20 ring atoms. Preferably, each ring has from 5 to 7 ring atoms.
  • the prefixes e.g. C3-20, C5-7, C5-6, etc.
  • the term “C 5 -6 aryl” as used herein pertains to an aryl group having 5 or 6 ring atoms.
  • the ring atoms may be all carbon atoms, as in "carboaryl groups”.
  • carboaryl groups include, but are not limited to, those derived from benzene (i.e. phenyl) ⁇ Ce), naphthalene (C10), azulene (C10), anthracene (C14), phenanthrene (C14), naphthacene (Cis), and pyrene (C16).
  • aryl groups which comprise fused rings, at least one of which is an aromatic ring include, but are not limited to, groups derived from indane (e.g.
  • 2,3-dihydro-1 H- indene) (C9), indene (C9), isoindene (C9), tetraline (1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (C10), acenaphthene (C12), fluorene (C13), phenalene (C13), acephenanthrene (C15), and aceanthrene (C16).
  • the ring atoms may include one or more heteroatoms, as in "heteroaryl groups".
  • heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, those derived from:
  • N1O1 oxazole (C5), isoxazole (C5), isoxazine ⁇ Ce);
  • N2O1 oxadiazole (furazan) (C5);
  • N3O1 oxatriazole (C5);
  • N1S1 thiazole (C 5 ), isothiazole (C 5 );
  • N2 imidazole (1 ,3-diazole) (C5), pyrazole (1 ,2-diazole) (C5), pyridazine (1 ,2-diazine) ⁇ Ce), pyrimidine (1 ,3-diazine) ⁇ Ce) (e.g., cytosine, thymine, uracil), pyrazine (1 ,4-diazine) ⁇ Ce);
  • N3 triazole (C5), triazine ⁇ Ce);
  • heteroaryl which comprise fused rings, include, but are not limited to:
  • Cg (with 2 fused rings) derived from benzofuran (O1), isobenzofuran (O1), indole (Ni), isoindole (Ni), indolizine (Ni), indoline (Ni), isoindoline (Ni), purine (N 4 ) (e.g., adenine, guanine), benzimidazole (N2), indazole (N2), benzoxazole (N1O1), benzisoxazole (N1O1), benzodioxole (O2), benzofurazan (N2O1), benzotriazole (N3), benzothiofuran (Si), benzothiazole (N1S1), benzothiadiazole (N2S); Cio (with 2 fused rings) derived from chromene (Oi), isochromene (Oi), chroman (Oi), isochroman (Oi), benzodioxan
  • Ci3 (with 3 fused rings) derived from carbazole (Ni), dibenzofuran (Oi),
  • Ci 4 (with 3 fused rings) derived from acridine (Ni), xanthene (Oi), thioxanthene (Si), oxanthrene (O2), phenoxathiin (O1S1), phenazine (N2), phenoxazine (N1O1), phenothiazine (N1S1), thianthrene (S2), phenanthridine (Ni), phenanthroline (N2), phenazine (N2).
  • Halo -F, -CI, -Br, and -I. Hydroxy: -OH.
  • Ether: -OR wherein R is an ether substituent, for example, a Ci-7 alkyl group (also referred to as a Ci-7 alkoxy group, discussed below), a C3-20 heterocyclyl group (also referred to as a C3-20 heterocyclyloxy group), or a Cs-2o aryl group (also referred to as a C5-2o aryloxy group), preferably a Ci-7alkyl group.
  • Alkoxy -OR, wherein R is an alkyl group, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • C1-7 alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, -OMe (methoxy), -OEt (ethoxy), -O(nPr) (n- propoxy), -O(iPr) (isopropoxy), -O(nBu) (n-butoxy), -O(sBu) (sec-butoxy), -O(iBu)
  • acetal groups include, but are not limited to, -CH(OMe) 2 , -CH(OEt) 2 , and -CH(OMe)(OEt).
  • hemiacetal groups include, but are not limited to, -CH(OH)(OMe) and - CH(OH)(OEt).
  • Ketal -CR(OR 1 )(OR 2 ), where R 1 and R 2 are as defined for acetals, and R is a ketal substituent other than hydrogen, for example, a Ci -7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a C5-2o aryl group, preferably a Ci -7 alkyl group.
  • ketal groups include, but are not limited to, -C(Me)(OMe) 2 , -C(Me)(OEt) 2 , -C(Me)(OMe)(OEt), -C(Et)(OMe) 2 , - C(Et)(OEt) 2 , and -C(Et)(OMe)(OEt).
  • R 1 is as defined for hemiacetals, and R is a hemiketal substituent other than hydrogen, for example, a Ci -7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a C5-2o aryl group, preferably a Ci -7 alkyl group.
  • hemiacetal groups include, but are not limited to, -C(Me)(OH)(OMe), -C(Et)(OH)(OMe), -C(Me)(OH)(OEt), and -C(Et)(OH)(OEt).
  • Imino (imine): NR, wherein R is an imino substituent, for example, hydrogen, Ci -7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably hydrogen or a Ci -7 alkyl group.
  • R is an acyl substituent, for example, a Ci -7 alkyl group (also referred to as Ci-7 alkylacyl or Ci-7 alkanoyl), a C3-20 heterocyclyl group (also referred to as C3-20 heterocyclylacyl), or a Cs-2o aryl group (also referred to as C5-2o arylacyl), preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • a Ci -7 alkyl group also referred to as Ci-7 alkylacyl or Ci-7 alkanoyl
  • C3-20 heterocyclylacyl also referred to as C3-20 heterocyclylacyl
  • Cs-2o aryl group also referred to as C5-2o arylacyl
  • Carboxy (carboxylic acid): -C( 0)OH.
  • Thiocarboxy (thiocarboxylic acid): -C( S)SH.
  • Thiolocarboxy (thiolocarboxylic acid): -C( 0)SH.
  • Acyloxy (reverse ester): -OC( 0)R, wherein R is an acyloxy substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3- 2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R is an acyloxy substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3- 2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • Oxycarboyloxy: -OC( 0)OR, wherein R is an ester substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3- 2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R 1 and R 2 are independently amino substituents, for example, hydrogen, a C1-7 alkyl group (also referred to as Ci-7 alkylamino or di-Ci-7 alkylamino), a C 3 -2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably H or a C1-7 alkyl group, or, in the case of a "cyclic" amino group, R 1 and R 2 , taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a heterocyclic ring having from 4 to 8 ring atoms.
  • R 1 and R 2 are independently amino substituents, for example, hydrogen, a C1-7 alkyl group (also referred to as Ci-7 alkylamino or di-Ci-7 alkylamino), a C 3 -2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably H or a C1-7 alkyl group, or, in the case of a "cyclic" amino group, R 1 and
  • Amino groups may be primary (-NH2), secondary (-NHR 1 ), or tertiary (-NHR 1 R 2 ), and in cationic form, may be quaternary (- + NR 1 R 2 R 3 ).
  • amino groups include, but are not limited to, -IMH2, -NHCHs, -NHC(CH 3 ) 2 , -N(CH 3 ) 2 , -N(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 , and -NHPh.
  • cyclic amino groups include, but are not limited to, aziridino, azetidino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, piperazino, morpholino, and thiomorpholino.
  • Acylamido (acylamino): -NR 1 C( 0)R 2 , wherein R 1 is an amide substituent, for example, hydrogen, a Ci-7 alkyl group, a C 3-2 o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs- 2 o aryl group, preferably hydrogen or a C1-7 alkyl group, and R 2 is an acyl substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3-2 o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs- 2 oaryl group, preferably hydrogen or a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R 1 and R 2 may together form a cyclic structure, as in, for example, succinimidyl, maleimidyl, and phthalimidyl: succinimidyl maleimidyl phthalimidyl
  • Ureido -N(R 1 )CONR 2 R 3 wherein R 2 and R 3 are independently amino substituents, as defined for amino groups, and R 1 is a ureido substituent, for example, hydrogen, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3-2 o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs- 2 o aryl group, preferably hydrogen or a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R 1 is a ureido substituent, for example, hydrogen, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3-2 o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs- 2 o aryl group, preferably hydrogen or a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • ureido groups include, but are not limited to, -NHCONH 2 , -
  • Tetrazolyl a five membered aromatic ring having four nitrogen atoms and one carbon atom
  • Imino: NR, wherein R is an imino substituent, for example, for example, hydrogen, a Ci -7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably H or a Ci-7alkyl group.
  • Amidine (amidino): -C( NR)NR2, wherein each R is an amidine substituent, for example, hydrogen, a Ci -7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably H or a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R is an amidine substituent, for example, hydrogen, a Ci -7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably H or a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • amidine groups include, but are not limited to,
  • Isothiocyano (isothiocyanato): -NCS.
  • Sulfhydryl (thiol, mercapto): -SH.
  • Thioether (sulfide): -SR, wherein R is a thioether substituent, for example, a Ci-7 alkyl group (also referred to as a Ci- alkylthio group), a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • Examples of C1.7 alkylt.hio groups include, but are not limited
  • Disulfide -SS-R, wherein R is a disulfide substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3- 20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group (also referred to herein as C1-7 alkyl disulfide).
  • C1-7 alkyl disulfide groups include, but are not limited to, -SSCH 3 and -SSCH2CH3.
  • Sulfine (sulfinyl, sulfoxide): -S( 0)R, wherein R is a sulfine substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R is a sulfine substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • Sulfone (sulfonyl): -S( 0)2R, wherein R is a sulfone substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group, including, for example, a fluorinated or perfluorinated C1-7 alkyl group.
  • Sulfonic acid sulfo
  • Sulfinate sulfinic acid ester
  • R is a sulfinate substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R is a sulfonate substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably Ci-7 alkyl group.
  • R is a sulfate substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R 1 and R 2 are independently amino substituents, as defined for amino groups.
  • Sulfonamido (sulfinamoyl; sulfonic acid amide; sulfonamide): wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently amino substituents, as defined for amino groups.
  • R 1 and R 2 are independently amino substituents, as defined for amino groups.
  • R 1 is an amino substituent, as defined for amino groups.
  • R 1 is an amino substituent, as defined for amino groups, and R is a sulfonamino substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20
  • heterocyclyl group or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • Sulfinamino: -NR 1 S( 0)R, wherein R 1 is an amino substituent, as defined for amino groups, and R is a sulfinamino substituent, for example, a Ci-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group.
  • R is a phosphino substituent, for example, -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, or a C5-2o aryl group.
  • Examples of phosphino groups include, but are not limited to, -PH2, -P(CH 3 ) 2 , -P(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 , -P(t-Bu) 2 , and -P(Ph) 2 .
  • R is a phosphinyl substituent, for example, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C3-20 heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably a C1-7 alkyl group or a C5-20 aryl group.
  • Phosphonic acid phosphono
  • Phosphonate phosphono ester
  • R is a phosphonate substituent, for example, -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3- 2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably -H , a C1-7 alkyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group.
  • Phosphoric acid (phosphonooxy): -OP( 0)(OH) 2 .
  • Phosphate (phosphonooxy ester): -OP( 0)(OR)2, where R is a phosphate substituent, for example, -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3- 2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably - H , a C1-7 alkyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group.
  • R is a phosphate substituent, for example, -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3- 2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably - H , a C1-7 alkyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group.
  • Phosphorous acid -OP(OH)2.
  • Phosphite -OP(OR)2, where R is a phosphite substituent, for example, -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, a C 3- 2o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs-2o aryl group, preferably -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, or a C5-2o aryl group.
  • Examples of phosphite groups include, but are not limited to, -OP(OCH3)2, -OP(OCH 2 CH 3 ) 2 , -OP(0-t-Bu) 2 , and -OP(OPh) 2 .
  • Phosphoramidite -OP(OR 1 )-NR 2 2 , where R 1 and R 2 are phosphoramidite substituents, for example, -H , a (optionally substituted) Ci-7 alkyl group, a C3- 2 o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs- 2 o aryl group, preferably -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, or a Cs- 2 o aryl group. Examples of
  • phosphoramidite groups include, but are not limited to, -OP(OCH 2 CH3)-N(CH3) 2 ,
  • substituents for example, -H, a (optionally substituted) C1-7 alkyl group, a C3- 2 o heterocyclyl group, or a Cs- 2 o aryl group, preferably -H, a C1-7 alkyl group, or a Cs- 2 o aryl group.
  • C3-i 2 alkylene refers to a bidentate moiety obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms, either both from the same carbon atom, or one from each of two different carbon atoms, of a hydrocarbon compound having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms (unless otherwise specified), which may be aliphatic or alicyclic, and which may be saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated.
  • alkylene includes the sub-classes alkenylene, alkynylene, cycloalkylene, etc., discussed below.
  • linear saturated C3-i 2 alkylene groups include, but are not limited to, -(CH 2 ) n - where n is an integer from 3 to 12, for example, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - (propylene),
  • Examples of branched saturated C3-i 2 alkylene groups include, but are not limited to, -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 -, -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 -,
  • C 3- i 2 cycloalkylenes examples include, but are not limited to, cyclopentylene (e.g. cyclopent-1 ,3-ylene), and cyclohexylene
  • C 3- i 2 cycloalkylenes examples include, but are not limited to, cyclopentenylene (e.g. 4-cyclopenten-1 ,3-ylene), cyclohexenylene (e.g. 2-cyclohexen-1 ,4-ylene; 3-cyclohexen-1 ,2-ylene; 2,5-cyclohexadien- 1 ,4-ylene).
  • cyclopentenylene e.g. 4-cyclopenten-1 ,3-ylene
  • cyclohexenylene e.g. 2-cyclohexen-1 ,4-ylene; 3-cyclohexen-1 ,2-ylene; 2,5-cyclohexadien- 1 ,4-ylene.
  • Oxygen protecting group refers to a moiety which masks a hydroxy group, and these are well known in the art. A large number of suitable groups are described on pages 23 to 200 of Greene, T.W. and Wuts, G.M., Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3 rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999, which is incorporated herein by reference. Classes of particular interest include silyl ethers (e.g. TMS, TBDMS), substituted methyl ethers (e.g. THP) and esters (e.g. acetate).
  • silyl ethers e.g. TMS, TBDMS
  • substituted methyl ethers e.g. THP
  • esters e.g. acetate
  • Carbamate nitrogen protecting group pertains to a moiety which masks the nitrogen in the imine bond, and these are well known in the art. These groups have the following structure:
  • R' 10 is R as defined above.
  • R' 10 is R as defined above.
  • suitable groups are described on pages 503 to 549 of Greene, T.W. and Wuts, G.M., Protective Groups in Organic
  • Hemi-aminal nitrogen protecting group pertains to a group having the following structure:
  • R' 10 is R as defined above.
  • suitable groups are described on pages 633 to 647 as amide protecting groups of Greene, T.W. and Wuts, G.M., Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3 rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the present invention provides Conjugates comprising a PBD dimer connected to a Ligand unit via a Linker Unit.
  • the Linker unit includes a Stretcher unit (A), a Specificity unit (L 1 ), and a Spacer unit (L 2 ).
  • the Linker unit is connected at one end to the Ligand unit and at the other end to the PBD dimer compound.
  • L is the Ligand unit
  • a 1 or 2
  • L 1 - is a Specificity unit
  • s is an integer ranging from 1 to 12,
  • y 0, 1 or 2;
  • -D is an PBD dimer
  • p is from 1 to 20.
  • a is 1 , s is 1 and y is 0, such that the conjugate is of formula llla-1 :
  • L is the Ligand unit
  • -A 1 - is a Stretcher unit linked to a Spacer unit (L 2 ),
  • a 1 or 2
  • L 1 - is a Specificity unit linked to a Spacer unit (L 2 ),
  • s is an integer ranging from 0 to 12,
  • y 0, 1 or 2;
  • -D is a PBD dimer
  • p is from 1 to 20.
  • the Conjugate has the formula:
  • L, A 1 , a, L 1 , s, L 2 , D and p are as described above.
  • the Ligand unit (L) is a Cell Binding Agent (CBA) that specifically binds to a target molecule on the surface of a target cell.
  • CBA Cell Binding Agent
  • CBA is the Cell Binding Agent
  • L 1 is a Specificity unit
  • a 1 is a Stretcher unit connecting L 1 to the Cell Binding Agent
  • L 2 is optional.
  • CBA is the Cell Binding Agent
  • L 1 is a Specificity unit
  • a 1 is a Stretcher unit connecting L 1 to the Cell Binding Agent
  • L 2 is a Spacer unit which is a covalent bond or a self-immolative group
  • a is 1 or 2
  • s is 0, 1 or 2
  • y is 0 or 1 or 2.
  • CBA is the Cell Binding Agent
  • L 1 is a Specificity unit
  • a 1 is a Stretcher unit connecting L 1 to the Cell Binding Agent.
  • L 1 can be a cleavable Specificity unit, and may be referred to as a "trigger" that when cleaved activates a self-immolative group (or self- immolative groups) L 2 , when a self-immolative group(s) is present.
  • the Specificity unit L 1 is cleaved, or the linkage (i.e., the covalent bond) between L 1 and L 2 is cleaved, the self-immolative group releases the Drug unit (D).
  • the Ligand unit (L) is a Cell Binding Agent (CBA) that specifically binds to a target molecule on the surface of a target cell.
  • CBA Cell Binding Agent
  • CBA is the Cell Binding Agent
  • L 1 is a Specificity unit connected to L 2
  • a 1 is a Stretcher unit connecting L 2 to the Cell Binding Agent
  • L 2 is a self-immolative group
  • a is 1 or 2
  • s is 1 or 2
  • y is 1 or 2.
  • L 1 and L 2 can vary widely. These groups are chosen on the basis of their characteristics, which may be dictated in part, by the conditions at the site to which the conjugate is delivered.
  • the Specificity unit L 1 is cleavable, the structure and/or sequence of L 1 is selected such that it is cleaved by the action of enzymes present at the target site (e.g., the target cell).
  • L 1 units that are cleavable by changes in pH (e.g. acid or base labile), temperature or upon irradiation (e.g. photolabile) may also be used.
  • L 1 units that are cleavable under reducing or oxidising conditions may also find use in the Conjugates.
  • L 1 may comprise one amino acid or a contiguous sequence of amino acids.
  • the amino acid sequence may be the target substrate for an enzyme.
  • L 1 is cleavable by the action of an enzyme.
  • the enzyme is an esterase or a peptidase.
  • L 1 may be cleaved by a lysosomal protease, such as a cathepsin.
  • the enzyme cleaves the bond between L 1 and L 2 , whereby the self-immolative group(s) release the Drug unit.
  • L 1 and L 2 where present, may be connected by a bond selected from:
  • An amino group of L 1 that connects to L 2 may be the N-terminus of an amino acid or may be derived from an amino group of an amino acid side chain, for example a lysine amino acid side chain.
  • a carboxyl group of L 1 that connects to L 2 may be the C-terminus of an amino acid or may be derived from a carboxyl group of an amino acid side chain, for example a glutamic acid amino acid side chain.
  • a hydroxy group of L 1 that connects to L 2 may be derived from a hydroxy group of an amino acid side chain, for example a serine amino acid side chain.
  • n is 0 to 3.
  • the phenylene ring is optionally substituted with one, two or three substituents as described herein.
  • Y is NH
  • n is 0 or 1 .
  • n is 0.
  • the self-immolative group may be referred to as a
  • PABC p-aminobenzylcarbonyl linker
  • the Drug unit i.e., the asymmetric PBD
  • L * is the activated form of the remaining portion of the linker and the released Drug unit is not shown.
  • Each phenylene ring is optionally substituted with one, two or three substituents as described herein. In one embodiment, the phenylene ring having the Y substituent is optionally substituted and the phenylene ring not having the Y substituent is unsubstituted.
  • -C 0)0- and L 2 together form a group selected from:
  • E is O, S or NR
  • D is N, CH, or CR
  • F is N, CH, or CR.
  • D is N.
  • D is CH.
  • E is O or S.
  • F is CH.
  • the covalent bond between L 1 and L 2 is a cathepsin labile (e.g., cleavable) bond.
  • L 1 comprises a dipeptide.
  • the amino acids in the dipeptide may be any combination of natural amino acids and non-natural amino acids.
  • the dipeptide comprises natural amino acids.
  • the linker is a cathepsin labile linker
  • the dipeptide is the site of action for cathepsin-mediated cleavage.
  • the dipeptide then is a recognition site for cathepsin.
  • the group -X1-X2- in dipeptide, -NH-X1-X2-CO- is selected from: -Phe-Lys-,
  • Cit is citrulline.
  • -NH- is the amino group of Xi
  • CO is the carbonyl group of X2.
  • the group -X1-X2- in dipeptide, -NH-X1-X2-CO- is selected from:
  • the group -X1-X2- in dipeptide, -NH-X1-X2-CO- is -Phe-Lys-, Val-Cit or -Val-Ala-.
  • dipeptide combinations of interest include:
  • dipeptide combinations may be used, including those described by Dubowchik et al., which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the amino acid side chain is chemically protected, where appropriate.
  • the side chain protecting group may be a group as discussed below.
  • Protected amino acid sequences are cleavable by enzymes. For example, a dipeptide sequence comprising a Boc side chain-protected Lys residue is cleavable by cathepsin.
  • Lys Boc, Z-CI, Fmoc, Z;
  • -X2- is connected indirectly to the Drug unit.
  • the Spacer unit L 2 is present.
  • the dipeptide is used in combination with a self-immolative group(s) (the Spacer unit).
  • the self-immolative group(s) may be connected to -X2-. Where a self-immolative group is present, -X2- is connected directly to the self-immolative group. In one embodiment, -X2- is connected to the group Y of the self-immolative group. Preferably the group -X2-CO- is connected to Y, where Y is NH.
  • -Xi- is connected directly to A 1 .
  • -Xi- is connected directly to A 1 .
  • the group IMH-X1- (the amino terminus of Xi) is connected to A 1 .
  • a 1 may comprise the functionality -CO- thereby to form an amide link with -X1-.
  • the PABC group is connected directly to the Drug unit.
  • the self- immolative group and the dipeptide together form the group -Phe-Lys-PABC-, which is illustrated below:
  • the asterisk indicates the point of attachment to the Drug unit
  • the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to the remaining portion of L 1 or the point of attachment to A 1 .
  • the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to A 1 .
  • the self-immolative group and the dipeptide together form the group -Val-Ala- PABC-, which is illustrated below:
  • the asterisk indicates the point of attachment to the Drug unit
  • the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to A 1
  • Y is a covalent bond or a functional group
  • E is a group that is susceptible to cleavage thereby to activate a self-immolative group.
  • E is selected such that the group is susceptible to cleavage, e.g., by light or by the action of an enzyme.
  • E may be -NO2 or glucuronic acid (e.g., ⁇ -glucuronic acid).
  • the former may be susceptible to the action of a nitroreductase, the latter to the action of a
  • the group Y may be a covalent bond.
  • the group Y may be a functional group selected from:
  • the group Y is preferably -NH-, -CH2-, -0-, and -S-.
  • L 1 and L 2 together represent:
  • Y is a covalent bond or a functional group and E is glucuronic acid (e.g., ⁇ -glucuronic acid).
  • Y is preferably a functional group selected from -NH-, -CH2-, -0-, and -S-.
  • Y is a functional group as set forth above, the functional group is linked to an amino acid, and the amino acid is linked to the Stretcher unit A 1 .
  • amino acid is ⁇ -alanine. In such an embodiment, the amino acid is equivalently considered part of the Stretcher unit.
  • the Specificity unit L 1 and the Ligand unit are indirectly connected via the Stretcher unit.
  • L 1 and A 1 may be connected by a bond selected from
  • a 1 may be of formula:
  • L A is selected from:
  • Ar represents a C5-6 arylene group, e.g. phenyl and A 2 is selected from:
  • n 0 to 6, e.g. 5;
  • n 0 to 6, e.g. 5;
  • n is 0 or 1 (e.g. 1 ), and m is 0 to 30 (preferably 0 to 10, 1 to 8, 4 to 8, most preferably 4 or 8); o
  • n is 0 or 1 (e.g. 1 ), and m is 0 to 30 (preferably 0 to 10, 1 to 8, 4 to 8, most preferably 4 or 8);
  • L A is (L A1_1 ) and A 2 is o
  • n 1
  • m 0 to 8
  • the Stretcher unit A 1 is present, the Specificity unit L 1 is present and Spacer unit L 2 is absent.
  • L 1 and the Drug unit are directly connected via a bond.
  • L 2 is a bond.
  • L 1 and D may be connected by a bond selected from:
  • L 1 and D are preferably connected by a bond selected from:
  • L 1 comprises a dipeptide and one end of the dipeptide is linked to D.
  • the amino acids in the dipeptide may be any combination of natural amino acids and non-natural amino acids.
  • the dipeptide comprises natural amino acids.
  • the linker is a cathepsin labile linker
  • the dipeptide is the site of action for cathepsin-mediated cleavage. The dipeptide then is a recognition site for cathepsin.
  • L 1 -D is: where -NH-X1-X2-CO is the dipeptide, -NH- is part of the Drug unit, the asterisk indicates the point of attachment to the remainder of the Drug unit, and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to the remaining portion of L 1 or the point of attachment to A 1 . Preferably, the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to A 1 .
  • the dipeptide is valine-alanine and L 1 -D is:
  • the dipeptide is phenylalnine-lysine and L 1 -D is:
  • the dipeptide is valine-citrulline.
  • Linker-Drug compounds are provided for conjugation to a Ligand unit.
  • the Linker-Drug compounds are designed for connection to a Cell Binding Agent.
  • the Drug Linker unit has the formula: where the asterisk indicates the point of attachment to the Drug unit, G 1 is a
  • Stretcher group (A 1 ) to form a connection to a Ligand unit L 1 is a Specificity unit, L 2 (a
  • the Drug Linker unit has the formula:
  • G 1 is a
  • Stretcher unit (A 1 ) to form a connection to a Ligand unit L 1 is a Specificity unit, L 2 (a Spacer unit) is a covalent bond or a self-immolative group(s).
  • the Drug Linker has the formula: G 1 -L 1 - .
  • G 1 is a modified Stretcher unit (A 1 ) to form a connection to a Ligand unit
  • L 1 is a Specificity unit.
  • L 1 and L 2 are as defined above. References to connection to A 1 can be construed here as referring to a connection to G 1 .
  • the functional group G 1 forms a connecting group upon reaction with a Ligand unit (e.g., a cell binding agent.
  • a Ligand unit e.g., a cell binding agent.
  • G 1 may be of formula:
  • Ar represents a C5-6 arylene group, e.g. phenylene.
  • G A is (G A1"1 ) and A 2 is
  • n 1
  • m 0 to 8, e.g. 8.
  • the Ligand Unit may be of any kind, and include a protein, polypeptide, peptide and a non- peptidic agent that specifically binds to a target molecule.
  • the Ligand unit may be a protein, polypeptide or peptide.
  • the Ligand unit may be a cyclic polypeptide.
  • These Ligand units can include antibodies or a fragment of an antibody that contains at least one target molecule-binding site, lymphokines, hormones, growth factors, or any other cell binding molecule or substance that can specifically bind to a target.
  • telomere binding refers to the binding of an antibody or other protein, polypeptide or peptide to a predetermined molecule (e.g., an antigen).
  • the antibody or other molecule binds with an affinity of at least about 1 x10 7 M "1 , and binds to the predetermined molecule with an affinity that is at least two-fold greater than its affinity for binding to a non-specific molecule (e.g., BSA, casein) other than the predetermined molecule or a closely-related molecule.
  • a non-specific molecule e.g., BSA, casein
  • Ligand units include those agents described for use in WO 2007/085930, which is incorporated herein.
  • the Ligand unit is a Cell Binding Agent that binds to an extracellular target on a cell.
  • a Cell Binding Agent can be a protein, polypeptide, peptide or a non- peptidic agent.
  • the Cell Binding Agent may be a protein, polypeptide or peptide.
  • the Cell Binding Agent may be a cyclic polypeptide.
  • the Cell Binding Agent also may be antibody or an antigen-binding fragment of an antibody.
  • the present invention provides an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
  • ADC antibody-drug conjugate
  • a cell binding agent may be of any kind, and include peptides and non-peptides. These can include antibodies or a fragment of an antibody that contains at least one binding site, lymphokines, hormones, hormone mimetics, vitamins, growth factors, nutrient-transport molecules, or any other cell binding molecule or substance. Peptides
  • the cell binding agent is a linear or cyclic peptide comprising 4-30, preferably 6-20, contiguous amino acid residues. In this embodiment, it is preferred that one cell binding agent is linked to one monomer or dimer pyrrolobenzodiazepine compound.
  • the cell binding agent comprises a peptide that binds integrin ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 6.
  • the peptide may be selective for ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 6 over XYS.
  • the cell binding agent comprises the A20FMDV-Cys polypeptide.
  • the A20FMDV-Cys has the sequence: NAVPNLRGDLQVLAQKVARTC.
  • a variant of the A20FMDV-Cys sequence may be used wherein one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten amino acid residues are substituted with another amino acid residue.
  • the polypeptide may have the sequence
  • antibody herein is used in the broadest sense and specifically covers monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, dimers, multimers, multispecific antibodies ⁇ e.g., bispecific antibodies), and antibody fragments, so long as they exhibit the desired biological activity (Miller et al (2003) Jour, of Immunology 170:4854-4861 ).
  • Antibodies may be murine, human, humanized, chimeric, or derived from other species.
  • An antibody is a protein generated by the immune system that is capable of recognizing and binding to a specific antigen. (Janeway, C, Travers, P., Walport, M., Shlomchik (2001 ) Immuno Biology, 5th Ed., Garland Publishing, New York).
  • a target antigen generally has numerous binding sites, also called epitopes, recognized by CDRs on multiple antibodies. Each antibody that specifically binds to a different epitope has a different structure. Thus, one antigen may have more than one corresponding antibody.
  • An antibody includes a full- length immunoglobulin molecule or an immunologically active portion of a full-length immunoglobulin molecule, i.e., a molecule that contains an antigen binding site that immunospecifically binds an antigen of a target of interest or part thereof, such targets including but not limited to, cancer cell or cells that produce autoimmune antibodies associated with an autoimmune disease.
  • the immunoglobulin can be of any type (e.g.
  • immunoglobulins can be derived from any species, including human, murine, or rabbit origin.
  • Antibody fragments comprise a portion of a full length antibody, generally the antigen binding or variable region thereof.
  • antibody fragments include Fab, Fab', F(ab')2, and scFv fragments; diabodies; linear antibodies; fragments produced by a Fab expression library, anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) antibodies, CDR (complementary determining region), and epitope-binding fragments of any of the above which immunospecifically bind to cancer cell antigens, viral antigens or microbial antigens, single-chain antibody molecules; and multispecific antibodies formed from antibody fragments.
  • the term "monoclonal antibody” as used herein refers to an antibody obtained from a population of substantially homogeneous antibodies, i.e. the individual antibodies comprising the population are identical except for possible naturally occurring mutations that may be present in minor amounts. Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific, being directed against a single antigenic site. Furthermore, in contrast to polyclonal antibody preparations which include different antibodies directed against different determinants (epitopes), each monoclonal antibody is directed against a single determinant on the antigen. In addition to their specificity, the monoclonal antibodies are advantageous in that they may be synthesized uncontaminated by other antibodies.
  • the modifier "monoclonal" indicates the character of the antibody as being obtained from a substantially
  • the monoclonal antibodies to be used in accordance with the present invention may be made by the hybridoma method first described by Kohler et al (1975) Nature 256:495, or may be made by recombinant DNA methods (see, US 4816567).
  • the monoclonal antibodies may also be isolated from phage antibody libraries using the techniques described in Clackson et al (1991 ) Nature, 352:624- 628; Marks et al (1991 ) J. Mol. Biol., 222:581 -597 or from transgenic mice carrying a fully human immunoglobulin system (Lonberg (2008) Curr. Opinion 20(4):450-459).
  • the monoclonal antibodies herein specifically include "chimeric" antibodies in which a portion of the heavy and/or light chain is identical with or homologous to corresponding sequences in antibodies derived from a particular species or belonging to a particular antibody class or subclass, while the remainder of the chain(s) is identical with or homologous to corresponding sequences in antibodies derived from another species or belonging to another antibody class or subclass, as well as fragments of such antibodies, so long as they exhibit the desired biological activity (US 4816567; and Morrison et al (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 81 :6851 -6855).
  • Chimeric antibodies include "primatized” antibodies comprising variable domain antigen-binding sequences derived from a non-human primate (e.g. Old World Monkey or Ape) and human constant region sequences.
  • An “intact antibody” herein is one comprising a VL and VH domains, as well as a light chain constant domain (CL) and heavy chain constant domains, CH1 , CH2 and CH3.
  • the constant domains may be native sequence constant domains (e.g. human native sequence constant domains) or amino acid sequence variant thereof.
  • the intact antibody may have one or more "effector functions" which refer to those biological activities attributable to the Fc region (a native sequence Fc region or amino acid sequence variant Fc region) of an antibody. Examples of antibody effector functions include C1 q binding; complement dependent cytotoxicity; Fc receptor binding; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC); phagocytosis; and down regulation of cell surface receptors such as B cell receptor and BCR.
  • intact antibodies can be assigned to different "classes.” There are five major classes of intact antibodies: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, and several of these may be further divided into “subclasses” (isotypes), e.g., lgG1 , lgG2, lgG3, lgG4, IgA, and lgA2.
  • the heavy-chain constant domains that correspond to the different classes of antibodies are called ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ , respectively.
  • the subunit structures and three-dimensional configurations of different classes of immunoglobulins are well known.
  • a “humanized antibody” refers to a polypeptide comprising at least a portion of a modified variable region of a human antibody wherein a portion of the variable region, preferably a portion substantially less than the intact human variable domain, has been substituted by the corresponding sequence from a non-human species and wherein the modified variable region is linked to at least another part of another protein, preferably the constant region of a human antibody.
  • the expression “humanized antibodies” includes human antibodies in which one or more complementarity determining region (“CDR") amino acid residues and/or one or more framework region (“FW” or “FR”) amino acid residues are substituted by amino acid residues from analogous sites in rodent or other non-human antibodies.
  • the expression “humanized antibody” also includes an immunoglobulin amino acid sequence variant or fragment thereof that comprises an FR having substantially the amino acid sequence of a human immunoglobulin and a CDR having substantially the amino acid sequence of a non-human immunoglobulin.
  • Humanized forms of non-human (e.g., murine) antibodies are chimeric antibodies that contain minimal sequence derived from non-human immunoglobulin. Or, looked at another way, a humanized antibody is a human antibody that also contains selected sequences from non-human (e.g. murine) antibodies in place of the human sequences.
  • a humanized antibody can include conservative amino acid substitutions or non-natural residues from the same or different species that do not significantly alter its binding and/or biologic activity.
  • Such antibodies are chimeric antibodies that contain minimal sequence derived from non-human immunoglobulins.
  • the humanized antibodies are human immunoglobulins (recipient antibody) in which residues from a complementary-determining region (CDR) of the recipient antibody are replaced by residues from a CDR of a non-human species (donor antibody) such as mouse, rat, camel, bovine, goat, or rabbit having the desired properties (in effect, the non-human CDRs are 'grafted' onto the human framework).
  • CDR complementary-determining region
  • donor antibody such as mouse, rat, camel, bovine, goat, or rabbit having the desired properties (in effect, the non-human CDRs are 'grafted' onto the human framework).
  • framework region (FR) residues of the human immunoglobulin are replaced by corresponding non-human residues (this may happen when, for example, a particular FR residue has significant effect on antigen binding).
  • humanized antibodies can comprise residues that are found neither in the recipient antibody nor in the imported CDR or framework sequences. These modifications are made to further refine and maximize antibody performance.
  • a humanized antibody will comprise all of at least one, and in one aspect two, variable domains, in which all or all of the hypervariable loops correspond to those of a non-human immunoglobulin and all or substantially all of the FR regions are those of a human immunoglobulin sequence.
  • the humanized antibody optionally also will comprise at least a portion of an immunoglobulin constant region (Fc), or that of a human immunoglobulin. Guided selection
  • the method consists of combining the VH or VL domain of a given non-human antibody specific for a particular epitope with a human VH or VL library and specific human V domains are selected against the antigen of interest. This selected human VH is then combined with a VL library to generate a completely human VHxVL combination.
  • the method is described in Nature Biotechnology (N.Y.) 12, (1994) 899-903.
  • two or more segments of amino acid sequence from a human antibody are combined within the final antibody molecule. They are constructed by combining multiple human VH and VL sequence segments in combinations which limit or avoid human T cell epitopes in the final composite antibody V regions. Where required, T cell epitopes are limited or avoided by, exchanging V region segments contributing to or encoding a T cell epitope with alternative segments which avoid T cell epitopes. This method is described in US 2008/0206239 A1 .
  • This method involves the removal of human (or other second species) T-cell epitopes from the V regions of the therapeutic antibody (or other molecule).
  • the therapeutic antibodies V-region sequence is analysed for the presence of MHC class II- binding motifs by, for example, comparison with databases of MHC-binding motifs (such as the "motifs" database hosted at www.wehi.edu.au).
  • MHC class II- binding motifs may be identified using computational threading methods such as those devised by Altuvia et al. (J. Mol. Biol. 249 244-250 (1995)); in these methods, consecutive overlapping peptides from the V-region sequences are testing for their binding energies to MHC class II proteins.
  • This data can then be combined with information on other sequence features which relate to successfully presented peptides, such as amphipathicity, Rothbard motifs, and cleavage sites for cathepsin B and other processing enzymes.
  • T-cell epitopes Once potential second species (e.g. human) T-cell epitopes have been identified, they are eliminated by the alteration of one or more amino acids.
  • the modified amino acids are usually within the T-cell epitope itself, but may also be adjacent to the epitope in terms of the primary or secondary structure of the protein (and therefore, may not be adjacent in the primary structure). Most typically, the alteration is by way of substitution but, in some circumstances amino acid addition or deletion will be more appropriate. All alterations can be accomplished by recombinant DNA technology, so that the final molecule may be prepared by expression from a recombinant host using well established methods such as Site Directed Mutagenesis. However, the use of protein chemistry or any other means of molecular alteration is also possible.
  • This method involves:
  • variable region of the non-human (e.g. rodent) antibody (or fragment thereof) by constructing a three-dimensional model of the non-human antibody variable region
  • step (c) defining for the non-human antibody to be humanized, a set of heavy and light chain surface exposed amino acid residues using the set of framework positions generated in step (b);
  • step (d) identifying from human antibody amino acid sequences a set of heavy and light chain surface exposed amino acid residues that is most closely identical to the set of surface exposed amino acid residues defined in step (c), wherein the heavy and light chain from the human antibody are or are not naturally paired;
  • step (e) substituting, in the amino acid sequence of the non-human antibody to be humanized, the set of heavy and light chain surface exposed amino acid residues defined in step (c) with the set of heavy and light chain surface exposed amino acid residues identified in step (d);
  • step (f) constructing a three-dimensional model of the variable region of the non-human antibody resulting from the substituting specified in step (e);
  • step (h) changing any residues identified in step (g) from the human to the original non- human amino acid residue to thereby define a non-human antibody humanizing set of surface exposed amino acid residues; with the proviso that step (a) need not be conducted first, but must be conducted prior to step (g).
  • the method compares the non-human sequence with the functional human germline gene repertoire. Those human genes encoding canonical structures identical or closely related to the non-human sequences are selected. Those selected human genes with highest homology within the CDRs are chosen as FR donors. Finally, the non-human CDRs are grafted onto these human FRs. This method is described in patent WO 2005/079479 A2.
  • This method compares the non-human (e.g. mouse) sequence with the repertoire of human germline genes and the differences are scored as Human String Content (HSC) that quantifies a sequence at the level of potential MHC/T-cell epitopes.
  • HSC Human String Content
  • the target sequence is then humanized by maximizing its HSC rather than using a global identity measure to generate multiple diverse humanized variants (described in Molecular
  • the CDRs of the non-human antibody are fused in-frame to cDNA pools encompassing all known heavy and light chain human germline gene frameworks. Humanised antibodies are then selected by e.g. panning of the phage displayed antibody library. This is described in Methods 36, 43-60 (2005).
  • cell binding agents include those agents described for use in
  • Tumour-associate antigens and cognate antibodies for use in embodiments of the present invention are listed below.
  • BMPR1B bone morphogenetic protein receptor-type IB
  • WO2002/99122 (Example 2; Page 528-530); WO2003/029421 (Claim 6); WO2003/024392 (Claim 2; Fig 1 12); WO2002/98358 (Claim 1 ; Page 183); WO2002/54940 (Page 100-101 ); WO2002/59377(Page 349-350); WO2002/30268 (Claim 27; Page 376); WO2001/48204 (Example; Fig 4); NP_001 194 bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IB
  • WO2004/032842 Example IV
  • WO2003/042661 Claim 12
  • WO2003/016475 Claim 1
  • WO2002/78524 Example 2
  • WO2002/99074 Claim 19; Page 127-129
  • WO2002/86443 Claim 27; Pages 222, 393
  • WO2003/003906 Claim 10; Page 293
  • WO2002/64798 Claim 33; Page 93-95
  • WO2000/14228 Claim 5; Page 133-136
  • US2003/224454 Fig 3
  • WO2003/025138 Claim 12; Page 150
  • NP_003477 solute carrier family 7 cationic amino acid transporter, y+system
  • EP1394274 (Example 1 1 ); WO2004/016225 (Claim 2); WO2003/042661 (Claim 12);
  • Example 53 Page 173, Example 2; Fig 2A); six transmembrane epithelial
  • Napi3b (NAPI-3B, NPTIIb, SLC34A2, solute carrier family 34 (sodium phosphate), member 2, type II sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 3b)
  • Sema 5b (FLJ10372, KIAA1445, Mm.42015, SEMA5B, SEMAG, Semaphorin 5b Hlog, 25 sema domain, seven thrombospondin repeats (type 1 and type 1-like), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 5B)
  • WO2003/003984 (Claim 1 ); WO2002/06339 (Claim 1 ; Page 50); WO2001/88133 (Claim 1 ; Page 41 -43, 48-58); WO2003/054152 (Claim 20); WO2003/101400 (Claim 1 1 ); Accession: Q9P283; Genew; HGNC:10737
  • PSCA hlg (2700050C12Rik, C530008O16Rik, RIKEN cDNA 2700050C12, RIKEN cDNA
  • WO2003/104275 (Claim 1 ); WO2004/046342 (Example 2); WO2003/042661 (Claim 12); WO2003/083074 (Claim 14; Page 61 ); WO2003/018621 (Claim 1 ); WO2003/024392 (Claim 2; Fig 93); WO2001/66689 (Example 6); LocuslD:54894.
  • STEAP2 (HGNC_8639, IPCA-1, PCANAP1, STAMP1, STEAP2, STMP, prostate cancer
  • prostate cancer associated protein 1, six transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 2, six transmembrane prostate protein
  • Genbank record update date Mar 1 1 , 2010 01 :54 AM Polypeptide
  • Genbank record update date Mar 1 1 , 2010 01 :54 AM
  • WO2003/104270 (Claim 1 1 ); WO2003/104270 (Claim 16); US2004/005598 (Claim 22); WO2003/042661 (Claim 12); US2003/060612 (Claim 12; Fig 10); WO2002/26822 (Claim 23; Fig 2); WO2002/16429 (Claim 12; Fig 10); Gl:22655488.
  • TrpM4 (BR22450, FLJ20041, TRPM4, TRPM4B, transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 4)
  • Genbank record update date Jun 29, 2012 1 1 :27 AM
  • Genbank record update date Jun 29, 2012 1 1 :27 AM
  • WO2003/042661 (Claim 12); WO2002/30268 (Claim 27; Page 391 ); US2003/219806 (Claim 4); WO2001/62794 (Claim 10 14; Fig 1A-D); MIM:606936.
  • WO2002/16413 (Claim 1 ; Page 94-95, 105); WO2002/22808 (Claim 2; Fig 1 ); US5854399 (Example 2; Col 17-18); US5792616 (Fig 2); Ml M: 187395.
  • CD21 CR2 (Complement receptor 2) or C3DR (C3d/Epstein Barr virus receptor) or Hs.73792)
  • WO2004/045520 (Example 4); US2004/005538 (Example 1 ); WO2003/062401 (Claim 9); WO2004/045520 (Example 4); WO91/02536 (Fig 9.1 -9.9); WO2004/020595 (Claim 1 ); Accession: P20023; Q13866; Q14212; EMBL; M26004; AAA35786.1. (15) CD79b (CD79B, CD79 , IGb (immunoglobulin-associated beta), B29)
  • Genbank record update date Jun 26, 2012 01 :53 PM
  • WO2003/048202 (claim 1 , pages 306 and 309); WO 99/58658, US6534482 (claim 13, Fig 17A/B); WO2000/55351 (claim 1 1 , pages 1 145-1 146); Ml M: 147245
  • FcRH2 (IFGP4, IRTA4, SPAP1A (SH2 domain containing phosphatase anchor protein 1a), SPAP1B, SPAP1C)
  • WO2004/016225 (Claim 2); WO2003/077836; WO2001/38490 (Claim 5; Fig 18D-1 -18D-2); WO2003/097803 (Claim 12); WO2003/089624 (Claim 25);: MIM:606509.
  • WO2002/12341 (Claim 68; Fig 7); WO2002/13847 (Page 71 -74); WO2002/14503 (Page 1 14-1 17); WO2001/53463 (Claim 2; Page 41 -46); WO2001/41787 (Page 15);
  • WO2000/44899 (Claim 52; Fig 7); WO2000/20579 (Claim 3; Fig 2); US5869445 (Claim 3; Col 31 -38); WO9630514 (Claim 2; Page 56-61 ); EP1439393 (Claim 7); WO2004/043361 (Claim 7); WO2004/022709; WO2001/00244 (Example 3; Fig 4); Accession: P04626; EMBL; M1 1767; AAA35808.1. EMBL; M1 1761 ; AAA35808.1
  • an antibody comprising CDRs having overall at least 80% sequence identity to CDRs having amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO:3 (CDR-H1 ), SEQ ID NO:4 (CDR-H2), SEQ ID NO:5 (CDR-H3), SEQ ID NO:104 and/or SEQ ID NO:6 (CDR-L1 ), SEQ ID NO:7 (CDR-L2), and SEQ ID NO:8 (CDR-L3), wherein the anti- HER2 antibody or anti-HER2 binding fragment has reduced immunogenicity as compared to an antibody having a VH of SEQ ID NO:1 and a VL of SEQ ID NO:2.
  • a purified antibody molecule that binds to HER2 comprising a all six CDR's from an antibody selected from the group consisting of BIIB71 F10 (SEQ ID NOs:1 1 , 13), BIIB69A09 (SEQ ID NOs:15, 17); BIIB67F10 (SEQ ID NOs:19, 21 ); BIIB67F1 1 (SEQ ID NOs:23, 25), BIIB66A12 (SEQ ID NOs:27, 29), BIIB66C01 (SEQ ID N0s:31 , 33), BIIB65C10 (SEQ ID NOs:35, 37), BIIB65H09 (SEQ ID NOs:39, 41 ) and BIIB65B03 (SEQ ID NOs:43, 45), or CDRs which are identical or which have no more than two alterations from said CDRs.
  • Herceptin (Genentech) - US6, 054,297; ATCC accession no. CRL-10463 (Genentech)
  • an antibody comprising the variable light and variable heavy amino acid sequences in SEQ ID Nos. 3 and 4, respectively, for example, an antibody comprising a light chain amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID No. 15 and 23, and a heavy chain amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID No. 16 and 24
  • an antibody comprising the amino acid sequence in SEQ ID No. 23, or a deamidated and/or oxidized variant thereof.
  • an antibody having a light chain variable domain comprising the hypervariable regions of SEQ ID NO: 1 ".
  • an antibody having a heavy chain variable domain comprising the hypervariable regions of SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • WO2002/86443 (Claim 27; Page 427); WO2002/60317 (Claim 2); Accession: P40199; Q14920; EMBL; M29541 ; AAA59915.1 . EMBL; M18728.
  • EphB2R (DRT, ERK, Hek5, EPHT3, Tyro5)
  • Genbank record update date Jan 26, 201 1 07:37 AM
  • PSCA Prostate stem cell antigen precursor
  • Genbank record update date Feb 1 , 201 1 1 1 :25 AM
  • Genbank record update date Feb 1 , 201 1 1 1 :25 AM
  • Genbank record update date Mar 1 1 , 2010 02:24 AM
  • Genbank record update date Mar 1 1 , 2010 02:24 AM
  • AP14954 lipoma HMGIC fusion-partnerlike protein /pid AAP 14954.1 - Homo sapiens (human); WO2003/054152 (Claim 20); WO2003/000842 (Claim 1 ); WO2003/023013 (Example 3, Claim 20); US2003/194704 (Claim 45); Gl:30102449;
  • BAFF-R B cell -activating factor receptor, BLyS receptor 3, BR3
  • BAFF receptor /pid NP_443177.1 - Homo sapiens: Thompson, J.S., et al Science 293 (5537), 2108-21 1 1 (2001 ); WO2004/058309; WO2004/01 161 1 ; WO2003/045422
  • CD22 B-cell receptor CD22-B isoform, BL-CAM, Lyb-8, Lyb8, SIGLEC-2, FLJ22814) Nucleotide
  • Genbank record update date Sep 1 1 , 2006 1 1 :24 PM
  • Genbank record update date Sep 1 1 , 2006 1 1 :24 PM
  • Genbank record update date Feb 2, 201 1 10:09 AM
  • Genbank record update date Feb 2, 201 1 10:09 AM
  • SIGLEC-2 SIGLEC2
  • B-cell receptor CD22 B-lymphocyte cell adhesion molecule
  • B-lymphocyte cell adhesion molecule BL- CAM
  • CD22 antigen T-cell surface antigen Leu-14
  • sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 2 sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 2 ANTIBODIES
  • G5/44 (Inotuzumab): DiJoseph JF.,et al Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2005 Jan;54(1 ):1 1 - 24. Epratuzumab- Goldenberg DM., et al Expert Rev Anticancer Then 6(10): 1341 -53, 2006.
  • CD79a (CD79A, CD79alpha), immunoglobulin-associated alpha, a B cell-specific protein that covalently interacts with Ig beta (CD79B) and forms a complex on the surface with Ig M molecules, transduces a signal involved in B-cell differentiation), pi: 4.84, MW: 25028 TM: 2
  • Genbank record update date Jun 26, 2012 01 :48 PM
  • Genbank record update date Jun 26, 2012 01 :48 PM
  • CXCR5 Burkitt's lymphoma receptor 1, a G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by the CXCL13 chemokine, functions in lymphocyte migration and humoral defense, plays a role in HIV-2 infection and perhaps development of AIDS, lymphoma, myeloma, and leukemia); 372 aa, pi: 8.54 MW: 41959 TM: 7 [P] Gene Chromosome: 11q23.3,
  • HLA-DOB Beta subunit of MHC class II molecule (la antigen) that binds peptides and presents them to CD4+ T lymphocytes); 273 aa, pi: 6.56, MW: 30820. TM: 1 [P] Gene Chromosome: 6p21.3)
  • P2X5 Purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 5, an ion channel gated by extracellular ATP, may be involved in synaptic transmission and neurogenesis, deficiency may contribute to the pathophysiology of idiopathic detrusor instability); 422 aa), pi: 7.63, MW: 47206 TM: 1 [P] Gene Chromosome: 17p13.3).
  • CD72 B-cell differentiation antigen CD72, Lyb-2
  • Genbank record update date Jun 26, 2012 01 :43 PM
  • Genbank record update date Jun 26, 2012 01 :43 PM
  • WO2004042346 (claim 65); WO2003/026493 (pages 51 -52, 57-58); WO2000/75655 (pages 105-106); Von Hoegen et al (1990) J. Immunol. 144(12):4870-4877; Strausberg et al (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 99:16899-16903. (33) LY64 (Lymphocyte antigen 64 (RP105), type I membrane protein of the leucine rich repeat (LRR) family, regulates B-cell activation and apoptosis, loss of function is associated
  • FcRH1 Fc receptor-like protein 1, a putative receptor for the immunoglobulin Fc domain that contains C2 type Ig-like and ITAM domains, may have a role in B-lymphocyte differentiation); 429 aa, pi: 5.28, MW: 46925 TM: 1 [P] Gene Chromosome: 1q21-1q22) Nucleotide
  • Genbank record update date Mar 1 1 , 2010 01 :16 AM
  • Genbank record update date Mar 1 1 , 2010 01 :16 AM
  • TENB2 tomoregulin, TPEF, HPP1, TR, putative transmembrane proteoglycan, related to the EGF/heregulin family of growth factors and follistatin; 374 aa)
  • Genbank record update date Mar 1 1 , 2010 01 :05 AM
  • Genbank record update date Mar 1 1 , 2010 01 :05 AM Cross references
  • PSMA - FOLH1 Falate hydrolase (prostate-specific membrane antigen) 1
  • N-acetylated alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase 1 N-acetylated-alpha- linked acidic dipeptidase I; NAALADase I; cell growth-inhibiting gene 27 protein; folylpoly- gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase; glutamate carboxylase II; glutamate
  • carboxypeptidase 2 glutamate carboxypeptidase II; membrane glutamate
  • carboxypeptidase ; prostate specific membrane antigen variant F; pteroylpoly-gamma- glutamate carboxypeptidase ANTIBODIES
  • Antibodies produces by Hybridomas having the following ATCC references:ATCC accession No. HB-12101 , ATCC accession No. HB-12109, ATCC accession No. HB-12127 and ATCC accession No. HB-12126.
  • Proscan a monoclonal antibody selected from the group consisting of 8H12, 3E1 1 , 17G1 , 29B4, 30C1 and 20F2 (US 7,81 1 ,564; Moffett S., et al Hybridoma (Larc mt). 2007
  • Cytogen monoclonal antibodies 7E1 1 -C5 (ATCC accession No. HB 10494) and 9H10-A4 (ATCC accession No. HB1 1430) - US 5,763,202 GlycoMimetics: NUH2 - ATCC accession No. HB 9762 (US 7,135,301 )
  • Medarex Anti-PSMA antibodies that lack fucosyl residues - US 7,875,278
  • Mouse anti-PSMA antibodies include the 3F5.4G6, 3D7.1 .1 , 4E10-1 .14, 3E1 1 , 4D8, 3E6, 3C9, 2C7, 1 G3, 3C4, 3C6, 4D4, 1 G9, 5C8B9, 3G6, 4C8B9, and monoclonal antibodies.
  • Hybridomas secreting 3F5.4G6, 3D7.1 .1 , 4E10-1.14, 3E1 1 , 4D8, 3E6, 3C9, 2C7, 1 G3, 3C4, 3C6, 4D4, 1 G9, 5C8B9, 3G6 or 4C8B9 have been publicly deposited and are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,159,508.
  • hybridomas have been publicly deposited and are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,107,090.
  • humanized anti-PSMA antibodies including a humanized version of J591 , are described in further detail in PCT Publication WO 02/098897.
  • mouse anti-human PSMA antibodies have been described in the art, such as mAb 107-1 A4 (Wang, S. et al. (2001 ) Int. J. Cancer 92:871 -876) and mAb 2C9 (Kato, K. et al. (2003) Int. J. Urol. 10:439-444).
  • human anti-PSMA monoclonal antibodies include the 4A3, 7F12, 8C12, 8A1 1 , 16F9, 2A10, 2C6, 2F5 and 1 C3 antibodies, isolated and structurally characterized as originally described in PCT Publications WO 01/09192 and WO 03/064606 and in U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/654,125, entitled “Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)", filed on Feb. 18, 2005.
  • the V.sub.H amino acid sequences of 4A3, 7F12, 8C12, 8A1 1 , 16F9, 2A10, 2C6, 2F5 and 1 C3 are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 -9, respectively.
  • the V.sub.L amino acid sequences of 4A3, 7F12, 8C12, 8A1 1 , 16F9, 2A10, 2C6, 2F5 and 1 C3 are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 10-18, respectively.
  • human anti-PSMA antibodies include the antibodies disclosed in PCT Publication WO 03/034903 and US Application No. 2004/0033229.
  • NW Biotherapeutics A hybridoma cell line selected from the group consisting of 3F5.4G6 having ATCC accession number HB12060, 3D7-1.I. having ATCC accession number HB12309, 4E10-1.14 having ATCC accession number HB12310, 3E1 1 (ATCC HB12488), 4D8 (ATCC HB12487), 3E6 (ATCC HB12486), 3C9 (ATCC HB12484), 2C7 (ATCC
  • HB12490 1 G3 (ATCC HB12489), 3C4 (ATCC HB12494), 3C6 (ATCC HB12491 ), 4D4 (ATCC HB12493), 1 G9 (ATCC HB12495), 5C8B9 (ATCC HB12492) and 3G6 (ATCC HB12485) - see US 6,150,508 PSMA Development Company / Progenies / Cytogen - Seattle Genetics: mAb 3.9, produced by the hybridoma deposited under ATCC Accession No. PTA-3258 or mAb 10.3, produced by the hybridoma deposited under ATCC Accession No. PTA-3347 - US
  • Genbank accession no NM 001050 Genbank version no. NM_001050.2 Gl:44890054
  • antigen identified by monoclonal antibody L230 integrin alpha-V; integrin alphaVbeta3; integrin, alpha V (vitronectin receptor, alpha polypeptide, antigen CD51 ); vitronectin receptor subunit alpha
  • Biogen US 7,943,742 - Hybridoma clones 6.3G9 and 6.8G6 were deposited with the ATCC, accession numbers ATCC PTA-3649 and -3645, respectively.
  • the antibody comprises the same heavy and light chain polypeptide sequences as an antibody produced by hybridoma 6.1A8, 6.3G9, 6.8G6, 6.2B1 , 6.2B10, 6.2A1 , 6.2E5, 7.1 G10, 7.7G5, or 7.1 C5.
  • CEACAM5 Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5

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