WO2017082314A1 - 正極活物質の製造方法、正極活物質、正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
正極活物質の製造方法、正極活物質、正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017082314A1 WO2017082314A1 PCT/JP2016/083278 JP2016083278W WO2017082314A1 WO 2017082314 A1 WO2017082314 A1 WO 2017082314A1 JP 2016083278 W JP2016083278 W JP 2016083278W WO 2017082314 A1 WO2017082314 A1 WO 2017082314A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- positive electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- composite oxide
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/60—Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/74—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by peak-intensities or a ratio thereof only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/76—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by a space-group or by other symmetry indications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery.
- lithium cobaltate LiCoO 2
- discharge discharge capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery per unit mass of the positive electrode active material
- a lithium-containing composite oxide of a solid solution system of Li 2 MnO 3 and LiMO 2 (where M is essential for Mn and Ni and includes other transition metals as optional components) has been used in lithium ion secondary batteries.
- M is essential for Mn and Ni and includes other transition metals as optional components
- a positive electrode active material made of such a lithium-containing composite oxide is called a lithium-rich positive electrode active material.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a lithium-rich positive electrode active material having improved rate characteristics of a lithium ion secondary battery has an ⁇ -NaFeO 2 type crystal structure and has a composition formula Li 1 + ⁇ Me 1- ⁇ O 2 (Me Is a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery containing a transition metal containing Co, Ni and Mn, a lithium transition metal composite oxide represented by ⁇ > 0), and contains Na of 1900 ppm to 8000 ppm, A particle having a 50% particle size (D 50 ) of 5 ⁇ m or less in the particle size distribution measurement is described.
- a lithium-rich positive electrode active material containing Na in the above range for the lithium transition metal composite oxide a lithium ion secondary battery with high discharge capacity and improved rate characteristics has been obtained.
- the lithium ion secondary battery repeatedly performs charging by extracting Li from the positive electrode active material and inserting Li into the negative electrode active material, and discharging in which Li is extracted and inserted in reverse. Therefore, it is necessary to make the specific capacities of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material close to increase the energy density of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the initial efficiency of the lithium ion secondary battery is low, Li that is not inserted into the positive electrode active material by discharge is generated from Li extracted from the positive electrode active material by charging. Therefore, since an excessive amount of the negative electrode active material exists, the total mass or volume of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material increases when the same energy is extracted. Thereby, there exists a problem that an energy density cannot be enlarged. That is, a lithium-rich positive electrode active material is expected to improve the initial efficiency of the lithium ion secondary battery from the viewpoint of increasing the energy density of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the present invention is a method capable of producing a positive electrode active material capable of obtaining a lithium ion secondary battery having a high discharge capacity and high initial efficiency; reducing the excess amount of the negative electrode active material mounted on the lithium ion secondary battery.
- Positive electrode active material capable of providing a high-energy density lithium ion secondary battery and a positive electrode for lithium ion secondary battery; and an excessive amount of negative electrode active material mounted on the lithium ion secondary battery can be reduced.
- An object is to provide a high-density lithium ion secondary battery.
- the inventors mixed a precursor and a lithium compound, and baked to produce a lithium-containing composite oxide.
- an alkali metal other than Li was added to the lithium-containing composite oxide, It has been found that a positive electrode active material capable of obtaining a lithium ion secondary battery with high initial efficiency can be produced by removing the alkali metal from the fired lithium-containing composite oxide.
- the method for producing a positive electrode active material of the present invention is a method of mixing a lithium compound, an alkali metal compound other than Li, and a transition metal-containing compound containing at least Ni and Mn to obtain a mixture.
- a step of firing the mixture at a temperature of 900 to 1100 ° C. to obtain a first lithium-containing composite oxide containing an alkali metal other than Li, and an alkali other than Li from the first lithium-containing composite oxide.
- Formula 1 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, and M is an element containing at least Ni and Mn.
- a positive electrode active material capable of obtaining a lithium ion secondary battery having high discharge capacity and high initial efficiency can be produced.
- an excessive amount of the negative electrode active material mounted on the lithium ion secondary battery can be reduced, and a lithium ion secondary battery having a high energy density is provided. it can.
- the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention can reduce the excess amount of the negative electrode active material mounted on the lithium ion secondary battery, and has a high energy density.
- Li indicates that the element is not Li but a Li element unless otherwise specified.
- other elements such as Ni, Co, Mn, and the like is the same.
- alkali metal means an alkali metal other than Li unless otherwise specified for the sake of simplicity.
- the theoretical value means that in the general formula aLi (Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ) O 2.
- LiNi ⁇ Co ⁇ Mn ⁇ O 2 the valence of oxygen (O) is divalent, and Li is Monovalent, Li (Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ) O 2 Mn tetravalent, LiNi ⁇ Co ⁇ Mn ⁇ O 2 Ni divalent, Co trivalent, Mn tetravalent (in this case, average).
- Li Li (Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ) O 2 Mn tetravalent, LiNi ⁇ Co ⁇ Mn ⁇ O 2 Ni divalent, Co trivalent, Mn tetravalent (in this case, average
- the ratio of the molar amount of Li to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn (Li / X) when the valence is trivalent and ⁇ ⁇ because the electrical neutral condition is satisfied) Means.
- the formula of the lithium-containing composite oxide is a formula that represents the state before the activation treatment. Activation means removing lithium oxide (Li 2 O) or lithium and lithium oxide from the lithium-containing composite oxide.
- This production method has a step of obtaining a mixture by mixing a lithium compound, an alkali metal compound, and a transition metal-containing compound containing at least Ni and Mn.
- the lithium compound used in the mixing step is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, and lithium nitrate. From the viewpoint of ease of handling, lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate is preferable.
- the alkali metal compound examples include alkali metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulfates, nitrates, and chlorides.
- the alkali metal is preferably one having a relatively close ionic radius with the Li ion from the viewpoint that the crystal structure of the lithium-containing composite oxide from which the alkali metal has been removed exhibits high stability. Therefore, the alkali metal is preferably Na or K, and more preferably Na.
- Examples of such alkali metal compounds include sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydroxide, lithium sulfate, sodium nitrate, lithium chloride, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, and potassium chloride. Can be mentioned. Of these, sodium carbonate is preferable.
- transition metal-containing compound examples include hydroxides and carbonates containing transition metals.
- the transition metal-containing compound is preferably a hydroxide containing a transition metal from the viewpoint that the cycle characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery using the positive electrode active material containing the obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide are easily improved.
- the hydroxide includes a partially oxidized oxyhydroxide.
- the transition metal-containing compound contains at least Ni and Mn and, if necessary, other elements (M).
- M include Co, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Al, Cr, Fe, Ti, Zr, Y, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Ce, and La.
- the transition metal-containing compound preferably contains Ni, Mn, and Co.
- the composition of the metal contained in the transition metal-containing compound is such that the ratio (Ni / X) of the Ni-containing molar amount to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn contained in the transition metal-containing compound is 0.00. 15 to 0.55, the molar ratio of Mn (Mn / X) is 0.45 to 0.8, and the molar ratio of other metals (M / X) is 0 to 0.09. Is preferred.
- the composition of the metal is such that the Ni / X is 0.15 to 0.55, the Mn / X is 0.45 to 0.8, and the ratio of the molar amount of Co (Co / X) is preferably 0.01 to 0.09, and the molar ratio (M ′ / X) of other metals (excluding Co) is preferably 0 to 0.09.
- the transition metal-containing compound can be prepared, for example, by a coprecipitation method.
- the coprecipitation method include an alkali coprecipitation method and a carbonate coprecipitation method.
- the transition metal-containing compound is preferably produced by an alkali coprecipitation method from the viewpoint of improving the cycle characteristics of a lithium ion secondary battery using a positive electrode active material.
- the specific surface area of the transition metal-containing compound is preferably 3 ⁇ 60m 2 / g, more preferably 5 ⁇ 50m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area of a transition metal containing compound is the value measured after drying a transition metal containing compound at 120 degreeC for 15 hours.
- the average particle size (D 50 ) of the transition metal-containing compound is preferably 3 to 15.5 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 12.5 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 3 to 10.5 ⁇ m. Within D 50 of the range of transition metal-containing compound, easily controlled within the preferred range of D 50 of the positive electrode active material.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) is a particle diameter at a point of 50% in a cumulative volume distribution curve where the total volume of particle size distribution obtained on a volume basis is 100%, that is, a volume-based cumulative 50% diameter.
- the particle size distribution is obtained from a frequency distribution and a cumulative volume distribution curve measured with a laser scattering particle size distribution measuring device (for example, a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device). The measurement is performed by sufficiently dispersing the powder in an aqueous medium by ultrasonic treatment or the like.
- the mixing ratio of each component in the mixing step is the ratio of the total molar amount (Li + R) of Li and alkali metal (R) to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn contained in the transition metal-containing compound ((Li + R ) / X) is preferably higher than the molar ratio of Li to X (Li / X) in the theoretical value. Even if Li is volatilized during firing, the first lithium-containing composite oxidation can be achieved by increasing the mixing ratio of the lithium compound, the alkali metal compound, and the transition metal-containing compound containing at least Ni and Mn above the theoretical value. It can suppress that a foreign phase is contained in a thing.
- the mixing ratio of each component in the mixing step is such that Li contained in the lithium compound and alkali metal (R) contained in the alkali metal compound with respect to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn contained in the transition metal-containing compound.
- the total molar amount (Li + R) ratio ((Li + R) / X) is preferably 1.1 to 1.8. If the mixing ratio is within this range, a solid solution lithium-containing composite oxide is obtained through the firing step.
- the ratio (R / X) of the alkali metal (R) contained in the alkali metal compound to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn contained in the transition metal-containing compound is preferably 0.001 to 0.5. When the ratio is within this range, a solid solution lithium-containing composite oxide can be obtained.
- the ratio is more preferably 0.01 to 0.5, and further preferably 0.02 to 0.5.
- the ratio (Li / X) of Li contained in the lithium compound to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn contained in the transition metal-containing compound is preferably 1.1 to 1.8. If the ratio is less than the lower limit, the first lithium-containing composite oxide may be phase-separated. When the first lithium-containing composite oxide undergoes phase separation, the second lithium-containing composite oxide also undergoes phase separation. If a positive electrode active material having a phase separated lithium-containing composite oxide is used, the initial efficiency of the lithium ion secondary battery may be reduced. If the ratio exceeds the upper limit, lithium (free lithium) that does not enter the crystal of the first lithium-containing composite oxide may increase.
- the initial efficiency of the lithium ion secondary battery may be reduced.
- the ratio is more preferably 1.1 to 1.7, and still more preferably 1.2 to 1.7.
- Examples of the method of mixing the lithium compound, the alkali metal compound and the transition metal-containing compound containing at least Ni and Mn include a method using a rocking mixer, a nauta mixer, a spiral mixer, a cutter mill, a V mixer, and the like. A uniform mixture may be obtained, and the mixing method is not limited to the method described above.
- other compounds than the transition metal-containing compound containing at least Ni and Mn described above may be mixed.
- the other compounds include compounds containing F, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Al, Cr, Fe, Ti, Zr, Y, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Ce, or La.
- the discharge capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery can be increased.
- at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Mg, Al, Cr, Fe, Ti, and Zr is preferable.
- the other compound is preferably an oxide, carbonate, nitrate or the like containing the element.
- This production method includes a step of obtaining a first lithium-containing composite oxide containing Li and an alkali metal by firing the mixture obtained in the mixing step at a temperature of 900 to 1100 ° C.
- Calcination temperature is 900 to 1100 ° C, preferably 930 to 1075 ° C, and more preferably 950 to 1050 ° C. If the firing temperature is equal to or higher than the lower limit of the above range, the crystallization of the first lithium-containing composite oxide proceeds sufficiently. If the crystallization is sufficiently advanced, a positive electrode active material capable of obtaining a lithium ion secondary battery having excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained. If the firing temperature is not more than the upper limit of the above range, volatilization of Li and alkali metal during the firing process can be suppressed, and a first lithium-containing composite oxide in which Li and alkali metal are charged according to the charging ratio can be obtained.
- firing is preferably performed in the atmosphere, and particularly preferably performed while supplying air.
- air By supplying air during firing, a first lithium-containing composite oxide having high crystallinity and having a crystal structure of space group C2 / m and a crystal structure of space group R-3m is obtained.
- the air supply rate is preferably 10 to 200 mL / min, more preferably 40 to 150 mL / min per 1 L (liter) of the internal volume of the furnace.
- the firing step it is preferable to perform temporary firing at a temperature lower than the firing temperature before firing at the firing temperature.
- the calcining temperature for the preliminary calcination is preferably 400 to 700 ° C, more preferably 500 to 650 ° C.
- the firing time in the firing step is preferably 4 to 40 hours, and more preferably 4 to 20 hours.
- Examples of the baking apparatus include an electric furnace, a continuous baking furnace, and a rotary kiln.
- This manufacturing method has the process of removing alkali metals other than Li from the 1st lithium containing complex oxide, and obtaining the 2nd lithium containing complex oxide. By this step, excess Li and alkali metal that cannot return to the positive electrode active material during discharge are removed. As a result, the initial efficiency of the lithium ion secondary battery using the positive electrode active material can be increased.
- the molar amount of the alkali metal contained in the second lithium-containing composite oxide is preferably 0.04 or less, more preferably 0.015 or less, as a ratio to the total molar amount of Ni, Co and Mn. If the abundance of the alkali metal is the ratio described above, the alkali metal does not adversely affect the battery characteristics.
- the ratio of the molar amount of alkali metal to the total molar amount of Ni, Co and Mn is preferably 0.001 or more.
- the method for removing the alkali metal from the first lithium-containing composite oxide is not particularly limited.
- the first lithium-containing composite oxide is brought into contact with an aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less at 25 ° C.
- a method of eluting and removing alkali metal from the product is preferable.
- the alkali metal can be efficiently removed from the first lithium-containing composite oxide.
- a part of Li may be removed simultaneously with the alkali metal.
- Examples of the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less brought into contact with the first lithium-containing composite oxide include water and an acidic aqueous solution.
- the pH of the aqueous solution is preferably 0 to 6, more preferably 0 to 5, and still more preferably 0 to 4.
- the aqueous solution may contain a pH adjusting agent or the like for improving handling properties.
- an acid component not containing F is preferable.
- Suitable acid components of the acidic aqueous solution include lactic acid, sulfuric acid, carbonic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid , Phthalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, ascorbic acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, boric acid, phosphoric acid, and perchloric acid.
- an acid component may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- Examples of the method of bringing the first lithium-containing composite oxide into contact with the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less include a method in which the first lithium-containing composite oxide is added to the aqueous solution and stirred and mixed.
- the contact between the first lithium-containing composite oxide and the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less may be performed a plurality of times.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less upon contact with the first lithium-containing composite oxide is preferably 10 to 90 ° C., more preferably 20 to 60 ° C. from the viewpoint of improving workability.
- the pH of the aqueous solution is higher than 4, in order to sufficiently elute the alkali metal from the first lithium-containing composite oxide, it is preferable to perform the removing step by setting the temperature of the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or lower to 40 ° C. or higher.
- the time for contacting the first lithium-containing composite oxide with the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less is not particularly limited. 0.5 hours or more are preferable and 1 hour or more are preferable in that the alkali metal is sufficiently eluted from the first lithium-containing composite oxide.
- the upper limit of the contact time is preferably 48 hours or less, more preferably 24 hours or less from the viewpoint of productivity.
- the relative amount (A1) of the acid component obtained by the following formula 2 is preferably 0.005 to 0.20, and preferably 0.02 to 0.15. It is more preferable.
- the relative amount (A1) of the acid component is based on the ratio of the molar amount of the acid component contained in the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less to the total molar amount of the transition metal elements contained in the first lithium-containing composite oxide. It is a value multiplied by the absolute value of the valence.
- Relative amount of acid component (A1) ⁇ molar amount of acid component contained in aqueous solution of pH 8 or less / total molar amount of transition metal element contained in first lithium-containing composite oxide ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ absolute valence of acid component Value ⁇ ... Equation 2
- the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less is separated to obtain a second lithium-containing composite oxide.
- a method for separating an aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less general solid-liquid separation can be used. Specifically, filtration, sedimentation separation, centrifugation, etc. are mentioned.
- an acidic aqueous solution is used as the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less, it is preferable to wash the surface of the second lithium-containing composite oxide with water or the like when separating the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less.
- the second lithium-containing composite oxide is preferably separated from an aqueous solution having a pH of 8 or less and then dried by heating to remove excess moisture, adsorbate, and the like. Thereby, it becomes easy to handle the second lithium-containing composite oxide.
- the temperature for drying by heating is preferably 40 to 300 ° C, more preferably 60 to 200 ° C. When the heating temperature is within the above range, it can be efficiently dried.
- the time for drying by heating is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0.5 to 30 hours, for example, and more preferably 1 to 20 hours.
- the chemical composition of the second lithium-containing composite oxide obtained by this production method is expressed by the following formula 1, and is based on the total molar amount of Ni, Co, and Mn contained in the second lithium-containing composite oxide. Those having a molar ratio of alkali metals of 0.04 or less are preferred. aLi (Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ) O 2. (1-a) LiMO 2 Formula 1 However, in Formula 1, a is more than 0 and less than 1. M is an element containing at least Ni and Mn.
- a is greater than 0 and less than 1, the discharge capacity and discharge voltage of the lithium ion secondary battery can be increased.
- a is preferably from 0.15 to 0.78, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.75.
- M is an element containing at least Ni and Mn.
- M preferably contains Co and does not contain Li.
- M may contain elements other than Li, Ni, Co, and Mn.
- other elements include F, P, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Al, Cr, Fe, Ti, Zr, Y, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Ce, and La.
- the other element contained in M is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of F, Mg, Al, Cr, Fe, Ti, and Zr.
- the ratio of the molar amount of alkali metal to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn is more preferably 0.025 or less, and further preferably 0.02 or less.
- the lower limit of the molar ratio is not limited, but is preferably 0.001 or more, and more preferably 0.002 or more.
- ⁇ is the molar ratio of Ni contained in the layered rock salt type crystal structure. ⁇ is preferably more than 0 and less than 1. If ⁇ is within this range, the discharge capacity and discharge voltage of the lithium ion secondary battery can be increased. ⁇ is more preferably 0.36 or more and less than 1, and further preferably 0.40 or more and 0.83 or less.
- ⁇ is the molar ratio of Co contained in the layered rock salt type crystal structure.
- ⁇ is preferably 0 or more and less than 1. If ⁇ is within the above range, the rate characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery can be improved.
- ⁇ is more preferably 0 or more and 0.33 or less, and more preferably more than 0 and 0.1 or less.
- ⁇ is the molar ratio of Mn contained in the layered rock salt type crystal structure. ⁇ is preferably more than 0 and 0.5 or less. If ⁇ is within the above range, the discharge voltage and discharge capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery can be increased. ⁇ is more preferably 0.25 or more and 0.5 or less, and further preferably 0.3 or more and 0.5 or less.
- ⁇ is the molar ratio of another element (M ′) contained in the layered rock salt type crystal structure.
- ⁇ is preferably 0 or more and 0.05 or less. If ⁇ is within the above range, the discharge capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery can be increased.
- Ni / X The ratio (Ni / X) of the molar amount of Ni to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn in the second lithium-containing composite oxide is preferably 0.15 to 0.55.
- Ni / X is within the above range, the discharge capacity and discharge voltage of the lithium ion secondary battery can be further increased.
- Ni / X is more preferably 0.15 to 0.5, and further preferably 0.2 to 0.4, in order to further increase the discharge voltage of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the ratio (Co / X) of the molar amount of Co to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co, and Mn in the second lithium-containing composite oxide is preferably 0 to 0.09.
- Co / X is within the above range, the rate characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery can be further enhanced.
- Co / X is more preferably from 0 to 0.07, further preferably from 0 to 0.05, from the viewpoint of further improving the cycle characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the ratio (Mn / X) of the molar amount of Mn to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn in the second lithium-containing composite oxide is preferably 0.45 to 0.8.
- Mn / X is within the above range, the discharge voltage and discharge capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery can be further increased.
- the upper limit of Mn / X is more preferably 0.78 from the viewpoint of further increasing the discharge voltage of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the lower limit of Mn / X is more preferably 0.5.
- the second lithium-containing composite oxide includes Li (Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ) O 2 having a layered rock salt type crystal structure of space group C2 / m, and a layered rock salt type crystal structure of space group R-3m.
- LiMO 2 having (wherein, M is. an element containing at least Ni and Mn) containing.
- the crystal structure of the second lithium-containing composite oxide can be confirmed by X-ray diffraction measurement (XRD measurement).
- X-ray diffraction measurement is performed by the method and conditions described in the examples.
- the crystallite diameter (D 003 ) determined by Scherrer's equation from the (003) plane peak attributed to the crystal structure of the space group R-3m is 60 Is preferably 140 nm, more preferably 60 nm to 120 nm, and even more preferably 60 nm to 115 nm.
- D 003 is equal to or greater than the lower limit of the above range, it is easy to improve the cycle characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery. If D 003 is not more than the upper limit of the above range, the discharge capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery can be easily increased.
- the crystallite diameter (D 110 ) determined by the Scherrer equation from the peak of the (110) plane attributed to the crystal structure of the space group R-3m is 30 ⁇ 80 nm is preferred, 35 ⁇ 80 nm is more preferred, and 40 ⁇ 80 nm is even more preferred. If D 110 is more than the lower limit of the range, the stability of the crystal structure is improved. If D 110 is more than the upper limit of the above range, it tends to improve the cycle characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the peak height (H 003 ) attributed to the crystal structure of the space group R-3m and the crystal structure of the space group C2 / m is preferably 0.018 or more, and more preferably 0.02 or more.
- this H 110 / H 003 is preferably 0.06 or less, and more preferably 0.05 or less.
- the integral width of the peak of the (110) plane attributed to the crystal structure of the space group C2 / m is 0.5 deg or less.
- the integral width is more preferably 0.1 deg to 0.45 deg.
- the integral width means a width when the peak of the (110) plane is converted into a rectangle having the same area and height in the X-ray diffraction pattern.
- This manufacturing method may have a coating step of forming a coating layer on the surface of the second lithium-containing composite oxide.
- a coating layer on the surface of the second lithium-containing composite oxide By forming a coating layer on the surface of the second lithium-containing composite oxide, a positive electrode active material capable of obtaining a lithium ion secondary battery with high cycle characteristics is obtained.
- Examples of the method for forming the coating layer on the surface of the second lithium-containing composite oxide include a powder mixing method, a gas phase method, a spray coating method, and an immersion method.
- a method of forming each coating layer will be described for an example in which the coating layer is an Al compound.
- the powder mixing method is a method of heating after mixing the second lithium-containing composite oxide and the Al compound.
- the vapor phase method means vaporizing an organic compound containing Al, such as aluminum ethoxide, aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum acetylacetonate, etc., and bringing the organic compound into contact with the surface of the second lithium-containing composite oxide for reaction. Is the method.
- the spray coating method is a method of heating after spraying a solution containing Al onto the second lithium-containing composite oxide.
- the dipping method uses a second solution in an aqueous solution in which an Al water-soluble compound (aluminum acetate, aluminum oxalate, aluminum citrate, aluminum lactate, basic aluminum lactate, aluminum nitrate, etc.) for forming an Al compound is dissolved in a solvent. After the lithium-containing composite oxide is immersed and brought into contact, the solvent is removed by heating.
- an Al water-soluble compound aluminum acetate, aluminum oxalate, aluminum citrate, aluminum lactate, basic aluminum lactate, aluminum nitrate, etc.
- the coating layer examples include particles of a compound containing a metal.
- a compound containing a metal of group 3 to group 13 in the periodic table or a lithium compound is preferable.
- the metal of the compound containing a group 3 to group 13 metal in the periodic table is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Y, Ga, In, La, Pr, Nd, Gd, Dy, Er, and Yb. Metal is preferred.
- the compound include oxides, halides, phosphorus oxides, and sulfates. In that it can form an electrochemically stable coating layer, Al 2 O 3, Y 2 O 3, Gd 2 O 3, Er 2 O, AlF 3, Al 2 (PO 4) 3 or Al 2 (SO 4, 3 is preferred.
- lithium compound examples include compounds containing Li and one or more selected from the group consisting of S, B, and F. Specifically, Li 2 SO 4 , Li 3 BO 3 , Li 2 B 4 O 7 , LiF, or a hydrate thereof can be used.
- the mass of the coating layer is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, and 0.1% by mass with respect to the mass of the second lithium-containing composite oxide. % To 3% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the primary and secondary particles of the second lithium-containing composite oxide preferably have a spherical particle shape. If the second lithium-containing composite oxide is spherical, the electrode density can be increased when the positive electrode active material is used as an electrode.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the positive electrode active material obtained by this production method is preferably 3 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 4 to 25 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the electrode density can be increased when the positive electrode active material is used as an electrode.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) is a value measured by the above method.
- the specific surface area of the obtained positive electrode active material in the manufacturing process is preferably 0.1 ⁇ 10m 2 / g, more preferably 0.15 ⁇ 5m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area is a value measured by a BET (Brunauer, Emmet, Teller) method. In the measurement of the specific surface area, nitrogen gas is used as the adsorption gas.
- the positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present positive electrode) has a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material, a binder and a conductive material obtained in the step of producing the positive electrode active material described above. It is formed on an electric body.
- a method for forming the positive electrode active material layer on the positive electrode current collector a known method can be adopted. For example, a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder are dissolved or dispersed in a medium to obtain a slurry, or a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder are kneaded with a medium to obtain a kneaded product. Subsequently, a positive electrode active material layer can be formed by coating the obtained slurry or kneaded material on a positive electrode collector.
- Examples of the conductive material include carbon black such as acetylene black, graphite, and ketjen black. One type of conductive material may be used, or two or more types may be used.
- Examples of the binder include fluororesins, polyolefins, polymers having an unsaturated bond and copolymers thereof, acrylic acid polymers such as acrylic acid copolymers and methacrylic acid copolymers, and copolymers thereof.
- Examples of the fluororesin include polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene.
- Examples of the polyolefin include polyethylene and polypropylene.
- Examples of the polymer having an unsaturated bond and the copolymer thereof include a polymer having an unsaturated bond such as styrene / butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, and the copolymer thereof.
- Examples of the positive electrode current collector include an aluminum foil or an aluminum alloy foil.
- the lithium ion secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as the present battery) of the present invention has the present positive electrode, negative electrode, nonaqueous electrolyte, and separator.
- the lithium ion secondary battery can be manufactured by a known method using the above-described elements.
- the negative electrode is obtained by forming a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material on a negative electrode current collector.
- the slurry can be prepared by kneading a negative electrode active material with an organic solvent, and applying the prepared slurry to a negative electrode current collector, drying, and pressing.
- the negative electrode current collector for example, nickel foil, copper foil or the like can be used.
- the negative electrode active material may be any material that can occlude and release lithium ions at a relatively low potential.
- a lithium metal a lithium alloy, a carbon material, an oxide mainly composed of a metal of periodic table 14 or 15, Carbon compounds, silicon carbide compounds, silicon oxide compounds, titanium sulfide, boron carbide compounds, and the like can be used.
- Carbon materials used for the negative electrode active material include non-graphitizable carbon, artificial graphite, natural graphite, pyrolytic carbons, cokes, graphites, glassy carbons, organic polymer compound fired bodies, carbon fibers, activated carbon And carbon blacks.
- Examples of the cokes include pitch coke, needle coke, and petroleum coke.
- Examples of the fired organic polymer compound include those obtained by firing and carbonizing a phenol resin, a furan resin, or the like at an appropriate temperature.
- Examples of the group 14 metal include Si and Sn. Among these, Si is preferable as the metal of Group 14 of the periodic table.
- nonaqueous electrolyte examples include a nonaqueous electrolytic solution in which an electrolyte salt is dissolved in an organic solvent, an inorganic solid electrolyte, and a solid or gel polymer electrolyte in which an electrolyte salt is mixed or dissolved.
- organic solvent known organic solvents for non-aqueous electrolytes can be used.
- the organic solvent is preferably a cyclic carbonate such as propylene carbonate, or a chain carbonate such as dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate.
- One organic solvent may be used, or two or more organic solvents may be used.
- Examples of the inorganic solid electrolyte include lithium nitride and lithium iodide.
- Examples of the polymer compound used in the solid polymer electrolyte in which the electrolyte salt is mixed or dissolved include polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyphosphazene, polyaziridine, polyethylene sulfide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyhexafluoropropylene. , And their derivatives, mixtures, and complexes.
- Examples of the polymer compound used in the gel polymer electrolyte in which the electrolyte salt is mixed or dissolved include a fluorine-based polymer compound, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrile copolymer, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene oxide copolymer, etc. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the fluorine-based polymer compound include poly (vinylidene fluoride) and poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene).
- the matrix of the gel electrolyte is preferably a fluorine-based polymer compound from the viewpoint of stability against redox reaction.
- electrolyte salt known ones used in lithium ion secondary batteries can be used, and examples thereof include LiClO 4 , LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , CF 3 SO 3 Li, and the like.
- the separator examples include a microporous polyolefin film typified by polyethylene and polypropylene, a film made of a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, inorganic particles on the surface of the microporous polyolefin film, an aramid resin, a fluororesin, etc.
- a microporous polyolefin film typified by polyethylene and polypropylene
- inorganic particles on the surface of the microporous polyolefin film an aramid resin, a fluororesin, etc.
- coated this is mentioned.
- the shape of the lithium ion secondary battery is not particularly limited, and a shape such as a coin shape, a sheet shape (film shape), a folded shape, a wound type bottomed cylindrical shape, a button shape and the like can be appropriately selected according to the application.
- Examples 1 to 4, 7 to 11, 16 and 17 are examples
- Example 12 is a comparative example
- Examples 5, 6, and 13 to 15 are reference examples.
- composition analysis The chemical composition of the second lithium-containing composite oxide was analyzed by a plasma emission analyzer (manufactured by SII Nanotechnology, SPS3100H). From the ratio of the molar amounts of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn obtained from the composition analysis, a in the formula: aLi (Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ) O 2. (1-a) LiNi ⁇ Co ⁇ Mn ⁇ O 2 , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ were calculated. Further, the ratio of the molar amount of Na to the total molar amount of Ni, Co, and Mn contained in the second lithium-containing composite oxide was calculated.
- X-ray diffraction measurement X-ray diffraction of the second lithium-containing composite oxide was measured using an X-ray diffraction apparatus (manufactured by Rigaku Corporation, apparatus name: SmartLab). Table 1 shows the measurement conditions. The measurement was performed at 25 ° C. Before the measurement, 1 g of the lithium-containing composite oxide and 30 mg of the X-ray diffraction standard sample 640e were mixed in an agate mortar, and this was used as a measurement sample. The obtained X-ray diffraction pattern was subjected to peak search using integrated powder X-ray analysis software PDXL2 manufactured by Rigaku Corporation.
- the transition metal-containing compound to be measured, the hydroxide or positive electrode active material is sufficiently dispersed in water by ultrasonic treatment, and measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd., MT-3300EX).
- the volume-based particle size distribution was obtained by obtaining a frequency distribution and a cumulative volume distribution curve. D 10 , D 50 and D 90 were determined from the obtained cumulative volume distribution curve.
- the specific surface areas of the hydroxide and positive electrode active material which are the transition metal-containing compounds to be measured, were calculated by a nitrogen adsorption BET method using a specific surface area measuring device (manufactured by Mountec, HM model-1208). Deaeration was performed at 105 ° C. for 20 minutes in the case of hydroxide, and at 200 ° C. for 20 minutes in the case of the positive electrode active material.
- Example 1 Hydroxide synthesis: Nickel sulfate (II) hexahydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) and manganese sulfate (II) pentahydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), the molar ratio of Ni and Mn to the ratio shown in Table 2 So that the total amount of sulfate is 1.5 mol / kg, and ammonium sulfate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) as a complexing agent is dissolved in distilled water to 0.15 mol / kg, A sulfate aqueous solution was obtained.
- Table 2 Hydroxide synthesis: Nickel sulfate (II) hexahydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) and manganese sulfate (II) pentahydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), the molar ratio of Ni and Mn to
- aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in which sodium hydroxide (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in distilled water so as to have a concentration of 12% by mass was obtained.
- Distilled water was placed in a 30 L baffled glass reaction vessel and heated to 50 ° C. with a mantle heater. While stirring the liquid in the reaction vessel with a paddle type stirring blade, a sulfate aqueous solution was added at a rate of 75 g / min for 5 hours, and a pH adjusting liquid was added so as to keep the pH of the mixed liquid at 10.5.
- a hydroxide containing Ni and Mn was obtained.
- Lithium carbonate manufactured by SQM, MIC grade
- sodium carbonate manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.
- the hydroxide obtained by the above method were mixed to obtain a mixture.
- Sodium carbonate was passed through a sieve having an opening of 45 ⁇ m, and then mixed with lithium carbonate in a plastic bag with a chuck. Next, the hydroxide was added and mixed.
- the mixing ratio is the ratio of the total amount of Li contained in lithium carbonate and the amount of Na contained in sodium carbonate to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn contained in the hydroxide (( Li + Na) / X) was 1.57, and the ratio (Na / X) of the molar amount of Na to the total molar amount (X) was 0.04.
- the theoretical value of Li / X calculated from Co and Mn contained in the hydroxide is 1.5. Table 3 shows the main points in the mixing step.
- Firing process While supplying air in an electric furnace, the mixture was calcined at 600 ° C. in large air for 3 hours to obtain a calcined product. Next, while supplying air in an electric furnace, the calcined product was calcined at 990 ° C. in large air for 16 hours to obtain a first lithium-containing composite oxide. Table 3 shows the main points in the firing process. Alkali removal process: 18 g of the obtained first lithium-containing composite oxide and 72 g of distilled water were placed in a polypropylene (PP) container and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour at 15 rpm using a rotor.
- PP polypropylene
- Example 2 Lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate and the hydroxide used in Example 1 were mixed to obtain a mixture.
- the mixing ratio was as shown in Table 3.
- the firing step and the alkali removal step were the same as those in Example 1, and a second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained.
- the obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 2.
- the evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 2 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 3 A second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the alkali removing step was performed by the following method.
- Alkali removal process 18 g of the obtained first lithium-containing composite oxide and 72 g of a 2.5% by mass aqueous lactic acid solution were placed in a PP container and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour at 15 rpm using a rotor.
- the pH of the aqueous lactic acid solution was 2.1, and the relative amount (A1) of the acid component was 0.120.
- suction filtration was carried out using 72 g of distilled water with a filter paper having a pore diameter of 1 ⁇ m, and the residue on the filter paper was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 3.
- the evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 3 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 4 A second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio in the mixing step was set to Table 3 and the alkali removal step was performed by the method described in Example 3. The obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 4. The evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 4 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 5 A second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the alkali removal step was not performed. The obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 5. The evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 5 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 6 A second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the alkali removal step was not performed. The obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 6. The evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 6 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 7 Hydroxide synthesis: Nickel sulfate (II) hexahydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) and manganese sulfate (II) pentahydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), the molar ratio of Ni and Mn to the ratio shown in Table 2 So that the total amount of sulfate is 1.5 mol / kg, and ammonium sulfate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) as a complexing agent is dissolved in distilled water to 0.15 mol / kg, A sulfate aqueous solution was obtained.
- aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in which sodium hydroxide (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in distilled water so as to have a concentration of 12% by mass was obtained.
- Distilled water was put into a 2 L baffled glass reaction vessel and heated to 50 ° C. with a mantle heater. While stirring the liquid in the reaction vessel with a paddle type stirring blade, a sulfate aqueous solution was added at a rate of 5 g / min for 5 hours, and a pH adjusting liquid was added so as to keep the pH of the mixed liquid at 11, A hydroxide containing Ni and Mn was obtained.
- Lithium carbonate manufactured by SQM, MIC grade
- sodium carbonate manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.
- the hydroxide obtained by the above method were mixed to obtain a mixture.
- Sodium carbonate was passed through a sieve having an opening of 45 ⁇ m, and then mixed with lithium carbonate in a plastic bag with a chuck. Next, the hydroxide was added and mixed.
- the mixing ratio is the ratio of the total amount of Li contained in lithium carbonate and the amount of Na contained in sodium carbonate to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn contained in the hydroxide (( Li + Na) / X) was 1.58, and the ratio of the molar amount of Na to the total molar amount (X) (Na / X) was 0.04.
- the theoretical value of Li / X calculated from Co and Mn contained in the hydroxide is 1.5. Table 3 shows the main points in the mixing step.
- Firing process In the electric furnace, while supplying air, the mixture was calcined at 600 ° C. in the atmosphere for 3 hours to obtain a calcined product. Next, while supplying air in the electric furnace, the calcined product was subjected to main firing at 990 ° C. for 16 hours in the air to obtain a first lithium-containing composite oxide. Table 3 shows the main points in the firing process.
- Alkali removal process 18 g of the obtained first lithium-containing composite oxide and 72 g of distilled water were placed in a PP container and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour at 15 rpm using a rotor. The pH of the distilled water was 6.1. Subsequently, suction filtration was performed using 72 g of distilled water with a filter paper having a pore diameter of 1 ⁇ m, and the residue on the filter paper was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain a second lithium-containing composite oxide. The second lithium-containing composite oxide thus obtained was used as the positive electrode active material 7. The evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 7 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 8 A second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the alkali removing step was performed by the following method.
- Alkali removal process 18 g of the obtained first lithium-containing composite oxide and 72 g of a 0.5% by mass aqueous lactic acid solution were placed in a PP container and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour at 15 rpm using a rotor.
- the pH of the aqueous lactic acid solution was 2.5, and the relative amount (A1) of the acid component was 0.024.
- suction filtration was carried out using 72 g of distilled water with a filter paper having a pore diameter of 1 ⁇ m, and the residue on the filter paper was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 8.
- the evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 8 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 9 A second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the alkali removing step was performed by the following method.
- Alkali removal process 18 g of the obtained first lithium-containing composite oxide and 72 g of a 0.1 mol% nitric acid aqueous solution were placed in a PP container, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour at 15 rpm using a rotor.
- the pH of the aqueous nitric acid solution was 1.2, and the relative amount (A1) of the acid component was 0.041.
- suction filtration was carried out using 72 g of distilled water with a filter paper having a pore diameter of 1 ⁇ m, and the residue on the filter paper was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 9.
- the evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 9 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 10 The ratio ((Li + Na) / X) of the total amount of Li contained in lithium carbonate and the amount of Na contained in sodium carbonate in the mixing step is 1.58, and the total molar amount (X)
- a second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the molar ratio (Na / X) of Na was 0.08.
- the obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 10.
- the evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 10 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 11 The ratio ((Li + Na) / X) of the total amount of Li contained in lithium carbonate and the amount of Na contained in sodium carbonate in the mixing step is 1.58, and the total molar amount (X)
- a second lithium-containing composite oxide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the molar ratio (Na / X) of Na was 0.12.
- the obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as the positive electrode active material 11.
- the evaluation results of the positive electrode active material 11 are shown in Table 4.
- Example 12 to 17 The ratio ((Li + Na) / X) of the total amount of Li contained in lithium carbonate and the amount of Na contained in sodium carbonate in the mixing step is 1.58, and the total molar amount (X) The molar ratio (Na / X) of Na was as shown in Table 3.
- the same baking process as in Example 7 was performed, and in Examples 12 to 15, the alkali removal process was not performed, and the second lithium-containing composite oxides of Examples 12 to 17 were obtained.
- the obtained second lithium-containing composite oxide was used as positive electrode active materials 12-17.
- Table 4 The above evaluation results of the positive electrode active materials 12 to 17 are shown in Table 4.
- Each positive electrode material sheet was punched into a circular shape with a diameter of 18 mm ⁇ (diameter) and used as a positive electrode.
- a negative electrode was prepared by punching a Li foil into a 19 mm ⁇ circle.
- porous polypropylene having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was used.
- an electrolytic solution a solution in which LiPF 6 was dissolved in a mixed solution of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 3: 7 so as to have a concentration of 1 mol / L was used.
- flange-type lithium secondary batteries 1 to 17 were manufactured in a glove box in an argon atmosphere.
- the lithium secondary batteries 1 to 17 using the positive electrode active materials of Examples 1 to 17 were charged at a constant current of 4.8 V with a load current of 26 mA per 1 g of the positive electrode active material, and then loaded with a load current of 26 mA per 1 g of the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode active materials 1 to 4 obtained by this production method are the same as the positive electrode active materials obtained by other production methods. Compared with the substance 5 and the positive electrode active material 6, the charge / discharge capacity of the lithium secondary battery was not low, and the initial efficiency was high. Further, when comparing the positive electrode active materials 7 to 17 obtained in Examples 7 to 17, the positive electrode active materials 7 to 11, the positive electrode active material 16 and the positive electrode active material 17 obtained by this production method were obtained by the conventional production method. Compared with the obtained positive electrode active material 12 and the positive electrode active materials 13 to 15 obtained by other production methods, the charge / discharge capacity of the lithium secondary battery was not lowered, and the initial efficiency was high.
- the positive electrode active materials 7 to 17 have a larger specific surface area than the positive electrode active materials 1 to 6, it is considered that the initial efficiency of the lithium secondary battery is increased overall. From this, according to this manufacturing method, when manufacturing the positive electrode active material which has the same specific surface area, the positive electrode active material which can obtain a lithium secondary battery with high initial efficiency without charging / discharging capacity becoming small is obtained. It was confirmed that it was obtained.
- Example 16 which is the present manufacturing method
- Example 12 which is the conventional manufacturing method
- Example 14 which is the manufacturing method of the reference example
- 2 ⁇ No heterogeneous phase was observed in the X-ray diffraction pattern at 19 to 23 deg.
- the phases other than space group R-3m and space group C2 / m were confirmed in XRD measurement as in Example 16. There wasn't.
- the first lithium-containing composite oxide has a crystal structure of space group R-3m and space group C2 / m. This is probably because no other phase other than the crystal phase attributed to was generated.
- the form of the secondary battery is not limited. Even if the positive electrode active material obtained by this manufacturing method is used with the lithium ion secondary battery which uses negative electrodes other than Li foil, there exists an equivalent effect.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1にはリチウムイオン二次電池のレート特性を改善したリチウムリッチ系の正極活物質として、α-NaFeO2型結晶構造を有し、組成式Li1+αMe1-αO2(MeはCo、Ni及びMnを含む遷移金属、α>0)で表されるリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を含有するリチウム二次電池用正極活物質であって、1900ppm以上8000ppm以下のNaが含まれ、粒度分布測定における50%粒子径(D50)が5μm以下であるものが記載されている。リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物にNaを上記範囲で含有するリチウムリッチ系の正極活物質を用いることで、放電容量が高く、レート特性が向上したリチウムイオン二次電池が得られている。
しかし、リチウムリッチ系の正極活物質を正極活物質として使用するには、リチウムイオン二次電池の使用初期に活性化処理を行う必要がある。リチウムリッチ系の正極活物質はこの処理を経るために、これを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池には、初期の不可逆容量が低い、すなわち初期効率が低いという問題がある(非特許文献1)。
すなわち、リチウムリッチ系の正極活物質としては、リチウムイオン二次電池のエネルギー密度を高くする観点から、リチウムイオン二次電池の初期効率を高くできるものが期待されている。
aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiMO2・・・式1
ただし、式1において、0<a<1であり、Mは少なくともNiおよびMnを含む元素である。
本発明の正極活物質およびリチウムイオン二次電池用正極によれば、リチウムイオン二次電池に搭載する負極活物質の過剰量を少なくすることができ、エネルギー密度の高いリチウムイオン二次電池を提供できる。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池は、リチウムイオン二次電池に搭載する負極活物質の過剰量を少なくすることができ、エネルギー密度が高い。
「Li」の表記は、特に言及しない限り当該金属単体ではなく、Li元素であることを示す。Ni、Co、Mn等の他の元素の表記もこれに準じる。
「アルカリ金属」との用語は、説明を簡単にするため、特に言及しない限り、Li以外のアルカリ金属を意味する。
理論値とは、一般式aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiNiαCoβMnγO2において、酸素(O)の価数を2価とし、Liを1価、Li(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2のMnを4価、LiNiαCoβMnγO2のNiを2価、Coを3価、Mnを4価(この場合、平均価数が3価となり、電気的中性条件を満たすためα=γとなる。)とした場合のNi、CoおよびMnの合計モル量(X)に対するLiのモル量の比(Li/X)を意味する。具体的には、遷移金属含有化合物に含まれるNi/X、Co/X、Mn/Xをそれぞれx、y、z(x+y+z=1)とする場合に、理論値はLi/X=y+2zで算出される。
リチウム含有複合酸化物の式は、活性化処理前の状態を表す式である。活性化とは、リチウム含有複合酸化物から酸化リチウム(Li2O)またはリチウムと酸化リチウムとを取り除くことをいう。
(混合工程)
本製造法方法は、リチウム化合物、アルカリ金属化合物、および少なくともNiおよびMnを含む遷移金属含有化合物を混合して混合物を得る工程を有する。
前記平均粒子径(D50)は、体積基準で求めた粒度分布の全体積を100%とした累積体積分布曲線において50%となる点の粒子径、すなわち体積基準累積50%径である。そして、前記粒度分布は、レーザー散乱粒度分布測定装置(例えば、レーザー回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置等)で測定した頻度分布および累積体積分布曲線から求められる。測定は、粉末を水媒体中に超音波処理等で充分に分散させて行われる。
本製造方法は、混合工程で得られた混合物を900~1100℃の温度で焼成してLiとアルカリ金属を含む第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得る工程を有する。
空気の供給速度は、炉の内容積1L(リットル)あたり、10~200mL/分が好ましく、40~150mL/分がより好ましい。
焼成装置としては、電気炉、連続焼成炉、ロータリーキルン等が挙げられる。
本製造方法は、第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物からLi以外のアルカリ金属を除去し、第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得る工程を有する。この工程により、放電時に正極活物質に戻って来ることができない余分なLiおよびアルカリ金属が除去される。その結果、正極活物質を用いたリチウムイオン二次電池の初期効率を高くできる。
なお、水溶液には、取り扱い性向上のためにpH調整剤等が含まれていても良い。
酸成分の相対量(A1)={pH8以下の水溶液に含まれる酸成分のモル量/第1リチウム含有複合酸化物に含まれる遷移金属元素の合計モル量}×{酸成分の価数の絶対値}・・・式2
加熱乾燥する温度は40~300℃が好ましく、60~200℃がより好ましい。加熱温度が上記範囲内であると効率よく乾燥させることができる。
加熱乾燥する時間は特に限定されず、例えば0.5~30時間が好ましく、1~20時間がより好ましい。
aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiMO2・・・ 式1
ただし、式1において、aは0超1未満である。Mは、少なくともNiとMnを含む元素である。
aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiNiαCoβMnγM’δO2 ・・・式3
ただし、式3において、aは0超1未満である。M’は前記した他の元素である。α+β+γ+δ=1である。
本製造方法は、第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物の表面に被覆層を形成する被覆工程を有してもよい。第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物の表面に被覆層を形成することでサイクル特性の高いリチウムイオン二次電池を得ることができる正極活物質が得られる。
気相法とは、アルミニウムエトキシド、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド、アルミニウムアセチルアセトナート等のAlを含む有機化合物を気化し、該有機化合物を第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物の表面に接触させ、反応させる方法である。
スプレーコート法とは、第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物にAlを含む溶液を噴霧した後、加熱する方法である。
浸漬法は、Alの化合物を形成するためのAl水溶性化合物(酢酸アルミニウム、シュウ酸アルミニウム、クエン酸アルミニウム、乳酸アルミニウム、塩基性乳酸アルミニウム、硝酸アルミニウム等)を溶媒に溶解させた水溶液に第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を浸漬させて接触させた後、加熱して溶媒を除去する方法である。
周期律表における3族~13族の金属を含む化合物の金属としては、Al、Y、Ga、In、La、Pr、Nd、Gd、Dy、ErおよびYbから成る群から選ばれる1種以上の金属が好ましい。化合物としては、酸化物、ハロゲン化物、リン酸化物、硫酸化物等が挙げられる。電気化学的に安定な被覆層を形成できる点で、Al2O3、Y2O3、Gd2O3、Er2O、AlF3、Al2(PO4)3、またはAl2(SO4)3が好ましい。
前記リチウム化合物としては、LiとS、BおよびFからなる群から選ばれる1種以上とを含む化合物が挙げられる。具体的には、Li2SO4、Li3BO3、Li2B4O7、LiFまたはこれらの水和物が挙げられる。
平均粒子径(D50)は上記の方法で測定した値である。
前記比表面積は、BET(Brunauer,Emmet,Teller)法によって測定される値である。比表面積の測定では、吸着ガスとして窒素ガスを用いる。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極(以下、本正極という。)は、前記した正極活物質を製造する工程で得られた正極活物質、バインダーおよび導電材を含む正極活物質層が正極集電体上に形成されてなる。
バインダーとしては、フッ素系樹脂、ポリオレフィン、不飽和結合を有する重合体およびその共重合体、アクリル酸共重合体、メタクリル酸共重合体等のアクリル酸系重合体およびその共重合体等が挙げられる。フッ素系樹脂としては、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン等が挙げられる。ポリオレフィンとしては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等が挙げられる。不飽和結合を有する重合体およびその共重合体としては、スチレン・ブタジエンゴム、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム等の不飽和結合を有する重合体およびその共重合体等が挙げられる。
正極集電体としては、アルミニウム箔またはアルミニウム合金箔が挙げられる。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池(以下、本電池という。)は、前記した本正極、負極、非水電解質およびセパレータを有する。リチウムイオン二次電池は上記した要素を用いて、公知の手法で製造できる。
負極集電体としては、例えばニッケル箔、銅箔等を使用できる。
前記周期表14族の金属としては、例えば、Si、Sn等が挙げられる。なかでも、周期表14族の金属としては、Siが好ましい。
前記電解質塩を混合又は溶解させた固体状の高分子電解質に用いられる高分子化合物としては、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリプロピレンオキサイド、ポリホスファゼン、ポリアジリジン、ポリエチレンスルフィド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリヘキサフルオロプロピレン、およびこれらの誘導体、混合物、並びに複合体等が挙げられる。
ゲル状電解質のマトリックスとしては、酸化還元反応に対する安定性の観点から、フッ素系高分子化合物が好ましい。
第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物の化学組成は、プラズマ発光分析装置(SIIナノテクノロジー社製、SPS3100H)により分析した。組成分析から求めたLi、Ni、Co、Mnのモル量の比から、式:aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiNiαCoβMnγO2におけるa、α、β、γを算出した。
また、第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物に含まれるNi、CoおよびMnの合計モル量に対するNaのモル量の比を算出した。
第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物のX線回折は、X線回折装置(リガク社製、装置名:SmartLab)を用いて測定した。測定条件を表1に示す。測定は25℃で行った。測定前にリチウム含有複合酸化物の1gとX線回折用標準試料640eの30mgとをメノウ乳鉢で混合し、これを測定試料とした。
得られたX線回折パターンについてリガク社製統合粉末X線解析ソフトウェアPDXL2を用いてピーク検索を行った。
各ピークから、空間群R-3mの結晶構造に帰属される(003)面の結晶子径D003、空間群R-3mの結晶構造に帰属される(110)面の結晶子径D110、空間群R-3mの結晶構造に帰属される(003)面のピーク高さ(H003)と空間群C2/mの結晶構造に帰属される(110)面のピークの高さ(H110)との比(H110/H003)および空間群C2/mの結晶構造に帰属される(110)面のピークの積分幅をそれぞれ算出した。
測定される遷移金属含有化合物である水酸化物または正極活物質を、水中に超音波処理によって充分に分散させ、レーザー回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置(日機装社製、MT-3300EX)により測定を行い、頻度分布および累積体積分布曲線を得ることで体積基準の粒度分布を得た。得られた累積体積分布曲線からD10、D50およびD90を求めた。
測定される遷移金属含有化合物である水酸化物および正極活物質の比表面積は、比表面積測定装置(マウンテック社製、HM model-1208)を用い、窒素吸着BET法により算出した。脱気は、水酸化物の場合は105℃で20分、正極活物質の場合は200℃で20分の条件で行った。
(例1)
水酸化物の合成:
硫酸ニッケル(II)・六水和物(関東化学社製)および硫酸マンガン(II)・五水和物(関東化学社製)を、NiおよびMnのモル量の比が表2に示す比になるように、かつ硫酸塩の合計量が1.5mol/kgとなるように、かつ錯化剤として硫酸アンモニウム(関東化学社製)を0.15mol/kgとなるように蒸留水に溶解して、硫酸塩水溶液を得た。pH調整液として、水酸化ナトリウム(関東化学社製)を、濃度が12質量%となるように蒸留水に溶解した水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を得た。
30Lのバッフル付きガラス製反応槽に蒸留水を入れてマントルヒータで50℃に加熱した。反応槽内の液をパドル型の撹拌翼で撹拌しながら、硫酸塩水溶液を75g/分の速度で5時間添加し、かつ混合液のpHを10.5に保つようにpH調整液を添加して、NiおよびMnを含む水酸化物を得た。原料溶液を添加している間、反応槽内に窒素ガスを流量4.0L/分で流した。また、反応槽内の液量が30Lを超えないようにろ布を用いて連続的に水酸化物を含まない液の抜き出しを行った。得られた水酸化物から不純物イオンを取り除くため、加圧ろ過と蒸留水への分散を繰り返し、洗浄を行った。ろ液の電気伝導度が20mS/mとなった時点で洗浄を終了し、水酸化物を120℃で15時間乾燥させた。水酸化物の評価結果を表2に示す。
炭酸リチウム(SQM社製、MICグレード)、炭酸ナトリウム(関東化学社製)および前記方法で得られた水酸化物を混合し、混合物を得た。炭酸ナトリウムは目開き45μmのふるいを通した後、炭酸リチウムとチャック付きビニール袋の中で混合した。次いで、水酸化物を投入して混合した。混合比は、水酸化物に含まれるNi、CoおよびMnの合計モル量(X)に対する、炭酸リチウムに含まれるLiのモル量および炭酸ナトリウムに含まれるNaのモル量の合量の比((Li+Na)/X)が1.57で、かつ、前記合計モル量(X)に対する前記Naのモル量の比(Na/X)が0.04とした。なお、水酸化物に含まれるCoおよびMnから算出されるLi/Xの理論値は1.5である。混合工程における要点を表3に示す。
電気炉内にて、空気を供給しながら、大空気中、600℃で混合物を3時間かけて仮焼成して、仮焼成物を得た。次いで、電気炉内にて、空気を供給しながら、大空気中、990℃で仮焼成物を16時間かけて本焼成して、第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。焼成工程における要点を表3に示す。
アルカリ除去工程:
得られた第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を18gと蒸留水72gとをポリプロピレン(PP)容器に入れてローターを用いて15rpmで室温、1時間撹拌を行った。次いで、孔径1μmのろ紙を用いて蒸留水72gで掛け水を行いながら吸引ろ過をし、ろ紙上の残留物を80℃で12時間乾燥し第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。このようにして得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質1とした。得られた正極活物質1の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
混合工程:
炭酸リチウム、炭酸ナトリウムおよび例1で使用した水酸化物を混合し、混合物を得た。混合比は表3に記載のとおりとした。
焼成工程とアルカリ除去工程は例1と同様の工程とし、第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質2とした。正極活物質2の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
下記方法でアルカリ除去工程を行うこと以外は、例1と同様にして第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。
得られた第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を18gと2.5質量%の乳酸水溶液72gとをPP容器に入れてローターを用いて15rpmで室温、1時間撹拌を行った。乳酸水溶液のpHは2.1で、酸成分の相対量(A1)は0.120であった。次いで、孔径1μmのろ紙を用いて蒸留水72gで掛け水を行いながら吸引ろ過をし、ろ紙上の残留物を80℃で12時間乾燥した。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質3とした。正極活物質3の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
混合工程の混合比を表3とし、アルカリ除去工程を例3に記載の方法で行うこと以外は、例1と同様にして第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質4とした。正極活物質4の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
アルカリ除去工程を行わないこと以外は例1と同様の方法で第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質5とした。正極活物質5の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
アルカリ除去工程を行わないこと以外は例2と同様の方法で第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質6とした。正極活物質6の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
水酸化物の合成:
硫酸ニッケル(II)・六水和物(関東化学社製)および硫酸マンガン(II)・五水和物(関東化学社製)を、NiおよびMnのモル量の比が表2に示す比になるように、かつ硫酸塩の合計量が1.5mol/kgとなるように、かつ錯化剤として硫酸アンモニウム(関東化学社製)を0.15mol/kgとなるように蒸留水に溶解して、硫酸塩水溶液を得た。pH調整液として、水酸化ナトリウム(関東化学社製)を、濃度が12質量%となるように蒸留水に溶解した水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を得た。
2Lのバッフル付きガラス製反応槽に蒸留水を入れてマントルヒータで50℃に加熱した。反応槽内の液をパドル型の撹拌翼で撹拌しながら、硫酸塩水溶液を5g/分の速度で5時間添加し、かつ混合液のpHを11に保つようにpH調整液を添加して、NiおよびMnを含む水酸化物を得た。原料溶液を添加している間、反応槽内に窒素ガスを流量4.0L/分で流した。また、反応槽内の液量が2Lを超えないようにろ布を用いて連続的に水酸化物を含まない液の抜き出しを行った。得られた水酸化物から不純物イオンを取り除くため、加圧ろ過と蒸留水への分散を繰り返し、洗浄を行った。ろ液の電気伝導度が20mS/mとなった時点で洗浄を終了し、水酸化物を120℃で15時間乾燥させた。水酸化物の評価結果を表2に示す。
炭酸リチウム(SQM社製、MICグレード)、炭酸ナトリウム(関東化学社製)および前記方法で得られた水酸化物を混合し、混合物を得た。炭酸ナトリウムは目開き45μmのふるいを通した後、炭酸リチウムとチャック付きビニール袋の中で混合した。次いで、水酸化物を投入して混合した。混合比は、水酸化物に含まれるNi、CoおよびMnの合計モル量(X)に対する、炭酸リチウムに含まれるLiのモル量および炭酸ナトリウムに含まれるNaのモル量の合量の比((Li+Na)/X)が1.58で、かつ、前記合計モル量(X)に対する前記Naのモル量の比(Na/X)が0.04とした。なお、水酸化物に含まれるCoおよびMnから算出されるLi/Xの理論値は1.5である。混合工程における要点を表3に示す。
電気炉内にて、空気を供給しながら、大気中、600℃で混合物を3時間かけて仮焼成して、仮焼成物を得た。次いで、電気炉内にて、空気を供給しながら、大気中、990℃で仮焼成物を16時間かけて本焼成して、第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。焼成工程における要点を表3に示す。
得られた第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を18gと蒸留水72gとをPP容器に入れてローターを用いて15rpmで室温、1時間撹拌を行った。蒸留水のpHは6.1であった。次いで、孔径1μmのろ紙を用いて蒸留水72gで掛け水を行いながら吸引ろ過をし、ろ紙上の残留物を80℃で12時間乾燥し第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。このようにして得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質7とした。正極活物質7の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
下記方法でアルカリ除去工程を行うこと以外は、例7と同様にして第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。
得られた第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を18gと0.5質量%の乳酸水溶液72gとをPP容器に入れてローターを用いて15rpmで室温、1時間撹拌を行った。乳酸水溶液のpHは2.5で、酸成分の相対量(A1)は0.024であった。次いで、孔径1μmのろ紙を用いて蒸留水72gで掛け水を行いながら吸引ろ過をし、ろ紙上の残留物を80℃で12時間乾燥した。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質8とした。正極活物質8の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
下記方法でアルカリ除去工程を行うこと以外は、例7と同様にして第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。
得られた第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を18gと0.1モル%の硝酸水溶液72gとをPP容器に入れてローターを用いて15rpmで室温、1時間撹拌を行った。硝酸水溶液のpHは1.2で、酸成分の相対量(A1)は0.041であった。次いで、孔径1μmのろ紙を用いて蒸留水72gで掛け水を行いながら吸引ろ過をし、ろ紙上の残留物を80℃で12時間乾燥した。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質9とした。正極活物質9の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
混合工程における炭酸リチウムに含まれるLiのモル量および炭酸ナトリウムに含まれるNaのモル量の合量の比((Li+Na)/X)が1.58で、かつ、前記合計モル量(X)に対する前記Naのモル量の比(Na/X)が0.08としたこと以外は、例9と同様にして第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質10とした。正極活物質10の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
混合工程における炭酸リチウムに含まれるLiのモル量および炭酸ナトリウムに含まれるNaのモル量の合量の比((Li+Na)/X)が1.58で、かつ、前記合計モル量(X)に対する前記Naのモル量の比(Na/X)が0.12としたこと以外は、例9と同様にして第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質11とした。正極活物質11の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
混合工程における炭酸リチウムに含まれるLiのモル量および炭酸ナトリウムに含まれるNaのモル量の合量の比((Li+Na)/X)が1.58で、かつ、前記合計モル量(X)に対する前記Naのモル量の比(Na/X)を表3に記載のとおりとした。
例7と同様の焼成工程を行い、例12~15はアルカリ除去工程を行わず、例12~17の第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得た。得られた第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質12~17とした。正極活物質12~17の上記の評価結果を表4に示す。
(正極体シートの製造)
上記例1~17で得られた正極活物質1~17、導電材である導電性カーボンブラック(商品名 SuperC65 Timcal社製)、およびバインダーであるポリフッ化ビニリデンを、質量比で88:6:6となるように秤量し、これらをN-メチルピロリドンに加えて、スラリーを調製した。
該スラリーを、正極集電体である厚さ20μmのアルミニウム箔の片面にドクターブレードにより塗工した。ドクターブレードのギャップは圧延後のシート厚さが20μmとなるように調整した。これを120℃で乾燥した後、ロールプレス圧延を2回行い、正極材シートを作製した。
各正極材シートを18mmφ(直径)の円形に打ち抜いたものを正極とした。Li箔を19mmφの円形に打ち抜いたものを負極とした。 セパレータとしては、厚さ25μmの多孔質ポリプロピレンを用いた。電解液としては、エチレンカーボネートとジエチルカーボネートとの容積比3:7の混合溶液に、濃度が1mol/LとなるようにLiPF6を溶解させた液を用いた。
正極、負極、セパレータおよび電解液を用い、アルゴン雰囲気のグローブボックス内でフランジ型のリチウム二次電池1~17を製造した。
上記例1~17の正極活物質を用いたリチウム二次電池1~17について、正極活物質1gにつき26mAの負荷電流で4.8Vまで定電流充電した後、正極活物質1gにつき26mAの負荷電流で2Vまで定電流放電し、活性化処理とした。充電容量と放電容量から、初期効率(%)(=(放電容量/充電容量)×100)を算出した。結果を表5に示す。
また、例7~17で得られた正極活物質7~17を比較すると、本製造方法で得られた正極活物質7~11、正極活物質16および正極活物質17は、従来の製造方法で得られた正極活物質12および他の製造方法で得られた正極活物質13~15に比べてリチウム二次電池の充放電容量が低くならず、初期効率が高かった。
なお、正極活物質7~17は正極活物質1~6よりも比表面積が大きいため、リチウム二次電池の初期効率が全体的に高くなっていると考えられる。このことから、本製造方法によれば、同じ比表面積を有する正極活物質を製造する場合に、充放電容量が小さくならず、初期効率が高いリチウム二次電池を得ることができる正極活物質が得られることが確認できた。
本製造方法では、混合工程において、アルカリ金属を混合し、焼成工程の後にアルカリ金属を除去したので、正極活物質を製造する場合の遷移金属の合計モル量に対するLiの比が実質的に小さくなっている。これにより、正極活物質は初期の充電において、正極活物質から負極活物質に引き抜かれるLiが少なくなり、その結果、リチウム二次電池の初期効率が高くなっていると考えられる。
本製造方法で得られた正極活物質を用いた二次電池の初期効率は、リチウム二次電池で評価したが、二次電池の形態は限定されない。本製造方法で得られた正極活物質は、Li箔以外の負極を使用するリチウムイオン二次電池で用いても同等の効果を奏する。
Claims (17)
- リチウム化合物、Li以外のアルカリ金属化合物および少なくともNiおよびMnを含む遷移金属含有化合物を混合して混合物を得る工程と、
前記混合物を900~1100℃の温度で焼成してLi以外のアルカリ金属を含む第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得る工程と、
前記第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物からLi以外のアルカリ金属を除去し、下記式1で表される第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得る工程と、を有することを特徴とする正極活物質の製造方法。
aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiMO2・・・式1
ただし、式1において、0<a<1であり、Mは少なくともNiおよびMnを含む元素である。 - 第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物を得る工程において、第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物とpH8以下の水溶液とを接触させて、Li以外のアルカリ金属を除去する請求項1に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記pH8以下の水溶液が酸成分であり、酸成分と第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物から算出される下式2で求められる酸成分の相対量(A1)が、0.005~0.20である請求項2に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
酸成分の相対量(A1)={pH8以下の水溶液に含まれる酸成分のモル量/第1のリチウム含有複合酸化物に含まれる遷移金属元素の合計モル量}×{酸成分の価数の絶対値}・・・式2 - pH8以下の水溶液が、硝酸、硫酸、塩酸、乳酸および酢酸からなる群から選ばれる1種の水溶液である請求項2または3に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 混合工程において、前記遷移金属含有化合物がCoを含んでもよく、前記遷移金属含有化合物に含まれるNi、CoおよびMnの合計モル量(X)に対する、リチウム化合物に含まれるLiおよびLi以外のアルカリ金属化合物のアルカリ金属(R)の合計モル量(Li+R)の比((Li+R)/X)が、理論値における遷移金属含有化合物に含まれるNi、CoおよびMnの合計モル量(X)に対するLiのモル量の比(Li/X)よりも高い請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 混合工程において、前記遷移金属含有化合物がCoを含んでもよく、前記遷移金属含有化合物に含まれるNi、CoおよびMnの合計モル量(X)に対する、リチウム化合物に含まれるLiおよびLi以外のアルカリ金属化合物のアルカリ金属(R)の合計モル量(Li+R)の比((Li+R)/X)が1.1~1.8である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 混合工程において、前記遷移金属含有化合物がCoを含んでもよく、前記遷移金属含有化合物に含まれるNi、CoおよびMnの合計モル量(X)に対する、Li以外のアルカリ金属化合物に含まれるアルカリ金属(R)のモル量の比(R/X)が0.001~0.5である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物が下記式3で表される請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiNiαCoβMnγM’δO2・・・式3
ただし、式3において、aは0超1未満である。M’は前記した他の元素である。α+β+γ+δ=1である。 - 前記第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物は、X線回折パターンにおいて、(003)面のピークからシェラーの式によって求められた結晶子径(D003)が60~140nmである請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物は、X線回折パターンにおいて、(110)面のピークからシェラーの式によって求められた結晶子径(D110)が30~80nmである請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記第2のリチウム含有複合酸化物は、X線回折パターンにおいて、空間群R-3mの結晶構造に帰属される(003)面のピーク高さ(H003)と空間群C2/mの結晶構造に帰属される(110)面のピークの高さ(H110)との比(H110/H003)が、0.018~0.06である請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- リチウム含有複合酸化物の一次粒子が複数凝集した二次粒子を含む正極活物質であり、該リチウム含有複合酸化物は、式:aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiMO2(ただし、Mは少なくともNiおよびMnを含む元素であり、0<a<1である。)で表され、遷移金属の合計モル量に対するLi以外のアルカリ金属のモル量の比が0.04以下であり、
前記リチウム含有複合酸化物のX線回折パターンにおける、空間群R-3mの結晶構造に帰属される(003)面のピーク高さ(H003)と空間群C2/mの結晶構造に帰属される(110)面のピークの高さ(H110)との比(H110/H003)が0.018以上であり、空間群C2/mの結晶構造に帰属される(110)面のピークの積分幅が0.5deg以下である正極活物質。 - 前記リチウム含有複合酸化物が下記式3で表される請求項12に記載の正極活物質。
aLi(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2・(1-a)LiNiαCoβMnγM’δO2・・・式3
ただし、式3において、aは0超1未満である。M’は前記した他の元素である。α+β+γ+δ=1である。 - 前記リチウム含有複合酸化物は、X線回折パターンにおいて、(003)面のピークからシェラーの式によって求められた結晶子径(D003)が60~140nmである請求項12または13に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記リチウム含有複合酸化物は、X線回折パターンにおいて、(110)面のピークからシェラーの式によって求められた結晶子径(D110)が30~80nmである請求項12~14のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質。
- 請求項12~15のいずれか1項に記載の正極活物質、バインダーおよび導電材を含む正極材層が集電体上に形成されてなるリチウムイオン二次電池用正極。
- 請求項16に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極、負極、セパレータおよび非水電解質を含むリチウムイオン二次電池。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020187013068A KR102556588B1 (ko) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | 정극 활물질의 제조 방법, 정극 활물질, 정극 및 리튬 이온 2 차 전지 |
US15/774,551 US11239463B2 (en) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | Process for producing cathode active material, cathode active material, positive electrode, and lithium ion secondary battery |
CN201680065717.1A CN108432001B (zh) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | 正极活性物质的制造方法、正极活性物质、正极和锂离子二次电池 |
JP2017550368A JP6860496B2 (ja) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | 正極活物質の製造方法、正極活物質、正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015221307 | 2015-11-11 | ||
JP2015-221307 | 2015-11-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2017082314A1 true WO2017082314A1 (ja) | 2017-05-18 |
Family
ID=58695426
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2016/083278 WO2017082314A1 (ja) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | 正極活物質の製造方法、正極活物質、正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11239463B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6860496B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102556588B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN108432001B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017082314A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018005586A1 (de) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | Manfred Koch | Ein neuer integrierter Prozess für die Herstellung von Kathodenmaterial für Batterien |
WO2022009843A1 (ja) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-13 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム二次電池正極活物質用前駆体、リチウム金属複合酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180159182A1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Linker-functionalized cathodes for solid state batteries |
WO2020049793A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-12 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 正極活物質およびそれを備えた電池 |
EP4071846A4 (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2024-03-27 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | POSITIVE ELECTRODE SHEET FOR RECHARGEABLE BATTERY, RECHARGEABLE BATTERY, BATTERY MODULE, BATTERY PACK AND DEVICE |
CN112133905B (zh) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-12-17 | 江西普瑞美新材料科技有限公司 | 一种高镍三元前驱体及其制备方法 |
US20240006604A1 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-01-04 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009230863A (ja) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-10-08 | Panasonic Corp | 非水電解質二次電池とその正極活物質の製造方法 |
JP2014026959A (ja) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-02-06 | Gs Yuasa Corp | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、その正極活物質の前駆体、リチウム二次電池用電極、リチウム二次電池 |
WO2014192759A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 正極活物質 |
JP2015118762A (ja) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-06-25 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2278642B1 (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2013-01-16 | GS Yuasa International Ltd. | Method for producing an active material for lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery |
WO2011040383A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | 戸田工業株式会社 | 正極活物質粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
JP5904371B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-22 | 2016-04-13 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | リチウム二次電池用活物質、リチウム二次電池用電極及びリチウム二次電池 |
JP5352736B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-18 | 2013-11-27 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | リチウムマンガン系固溶体正極材料 |
US9356284B2 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2016-05-31 | Nec Corporation | Active material for secondary battery |
JP6090662B2 (ja) | 2012-06-29 | 2017-03-08 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法、リチウム二次電池用電極、リチウム二次電池 |
WO2014192758A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 正極活物質 |
US20160218363A1 (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-07-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Lithium and sodium containing layered oxide material, cathodes and sodium ion electrochemical cells |
CN105940534A (zh) * | 2014-01-31 | 2016-09-14 | 三洋电机株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池 |
-
2016
- 2016-11-09 JP JP2017550368A patent/JP6860496B2/ja active Active
- 2016-11-09 US US15/774,551 patent/US11239463B2/en active Active
- 2016-11-09 CN CN201680065717.1A patent/CN108432001B/zh active Active
- 2016-11-09 KR KR1020187013068A patent/KR102556588B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-11-09 WO PCT/JP2016/083278 patent/WO2017082314A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009230863A (ja) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-10-08 | Panasonic Corp | 非水電解質二次電池とその正極活物質の製造方法 |
JP2014026959A (ja) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-02-06 | Gs Yuasa Corp | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、その正極活物質の前駆体、リチウム二次電池用電極、リチウム二次電池 |
WO2014192759A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 正極活物質 |
JP2015118762A (ja) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-06-25 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018005586A1 (de) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | Manfred Koch | Ein neuer integrierter Prozess für die Herstellung von Kathodenmaterial für Batterien |
WO2022009843A1 (ja) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-13 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム二次電池正極活物質用前駆体、リチウム金属複合酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
JP2022014274A (ja) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-19 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム二次電池正極活物質用前駆体、リチウム金属複合酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
EP4177221A4 (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2024-08-07 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | PRECURSOR FOR A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL OF A LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY, LITHIUM METAL COMPOSITE OXIDE, POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY, POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY AND LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN108432001A (zh) | 2018-08-21 |
JPWO2017082314A1 (ja) | 2018-08-23 |
CN108432001B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
KR102556588B1 (ko) | 2023-07-17 |
KR20180083855A (ko) | 2018-07-23 |
US20200266436A1 (en) | 2020-08-20 |
US11239463B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
JP6860496B2 (ja) | 2021-04-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6983152B2 (ja) | 正極活物質、その製造方法およびリチウムイオン二次電池用正極 | |
JP6467352B2 (ja) | 正極活物質およびその製造方法 | |
JP6377983B2 (ja) | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP6860496B2 (ja) | 正極活物質の製造方法、正極活物質、正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
TWI584520B (zh) | Li-Ni composite oxide particles and nonaqueous electrolyte batteries | |
JP5928445B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用の正極活物質およびその製造方法 | |
JP6777994B2 (ja) | リチウム含有複合酸化物、正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP6374226B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
CN113247967A (zh) | 非水电解质二次电池用正极活性物质及其前体的制造方法 | |
JP6382810B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
KR20120098591A (ko) | 리튬 이온 이차 전지용 정극 재료의 제조 방법 | |
JP7464102B2 (ja) | 金属複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び、それを用いた非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP6612611B2 (ja) | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP6929793B2 (ja) | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP6209435B2 (ja) | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP6851316B2 (ja) | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP7389347B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP6357978B2 (ja) | 遷移金属複合水酸化物粒子とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
JP7119302B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質前駆体、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質前駆体の製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
WO2021054467A1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP7031296B2 (ja) | ニッケル複合酸化物、正極活物質の製造方法 | |
JP6944499B2 (ja) | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP6771514B2 (ja) | 正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 16864275 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017550368 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20187013068 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 16864275 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |