WO2016194351A1 - 波長変換部材及びそれを備えたバックライトユニット、液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
波長変換部材及びそれを備えたバックライトユニット、液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016194351A1 WO2016194351A1 PCT/JP2016/002592 JP2016002592W WO2016194351A1 WO 2016194351 A1 WO2016194351 A1 WO 2016194351A1 JP 2016002592 W JP2016002592 W JP 2016002592W WO 2016194351 A1 WO2016194351 A1 WO 2016194351A1
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- layer
- wavelength conversion
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
- C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/88—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing selenium, tellurium or unspecified chalcogen elements
- C09K11/881—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/883—Chalcogenides with zinc or cadmium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K2/00—Non-electric light sources using luminescence; Light sources using electrochemiluminescence
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133621—Illuminating devices providing coloured light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133614—Illuminating devices using photoluminescence, e.g. phosphors illuminated by UV or blue light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/36—Micro- or nanomaterials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wavelength conversion member having a wavelength conversion layer including a quantum dot that emits fluorescence when irradiated with excitation light, a backlight unit including the wavelength conversion layer, and a liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device is composed of at least a backlight and a liquid crystal cell, and usually further includes members such as a backlight side polarizing plate and a viewing side polarizing plate.
- the wavelength conversion member of the backlight unit has a structure including a wavelength conversion layer containing quantum dots (also referred to as Quantum Dot, QD, quantum dots) as a light emitting material. It is attracting attention (see Patent Document 1).
- the wavelength conversion member is a member that converts the wavelength of light incident from the light source and emits it as white light.
- the wavelength conversion layer that includes the quantum dots as the light emitting material two or three kinds of light emission characteristics are different.
- White light can be realized by using fluorescence in which quantum dots are excited by light incident from a light source and emit light.
- Fluorescence due to quantum dots has high brightness and a small half-value width, so that LCDs using quantum dots are excellent in color reproducibility. Due to the progress of the three-wavelength light source technology using such quantum dots, the color gamut of the LCD is from 72% to 100% of the current TV standard (FHD (Full High Density), NTSC (National Television System Committee)). It is expanding to.
- FHD Full High Density
- NTSC National Television System Committee
- a layer containing quantum dots (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a QD layer) needs to suppress oxygen intrusion.
- a QD layer a layer containing quantum dots
- oxygen enters the QD layer there is a problem in that the quantum dots are photooxidized by contact with oxygen and the emission intensity decreases.
- the wavelength conversion member includes a barrier film that suppresses oxygen from entering outside the QD layer ( Patent Document 1).
- the barrier film is usually an embodiment in which the substrate itself is used as a barrier film by using a substrate having oxygen barrier properties as a support for sandwiching the QD layer, or an inorganic barrier layer having oxygen barrier properties on the surface of the support. And an aspect including an organic barrier layer are known.
- the inorganic barrier layer having oxygen barrier properties and water vapor barrier properties inorganic layers such as inorganic oxides, inorganic nitrides, inorganic oxynitrides and metals are preferably used.
- the wavelength conversion member is provided with a barrier film outside the QD layer, oxygen penetration into the QD layer can be suppressed to some extent, but it is not sufficient.
- the QD layer is exposed to the outside air on the cut side surface, so oxygen from the cut side surface Countermeasures against intrusion are also necessary.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose a configuration in which a light emission stabilizer is contained in the QD layer. Since the light emission stabilizer is present in the QD layer, oxygen penetrates through the barrier film and enters from the side surface. It is described that the influence of oxygen intrusion and the like can be reduced.
- Patent Document 4 describes a quantum dot-containing bead containing a reducing agent such as ascorbic acid, palmitic acid, and alpha tocopherol (vitamin E).
- the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition used in the formation of the QD layer contains a large amount of a light-emission stabilizer or a reducing agent, it affects the curing reaction of the precursor layer made of the QD-containing polymerizable composition. This may cause curing inhibition, and the QD layer and the QD beads may contain many low polymerization degree components. Since the low polymerization degree component causes deterioration of the physical properties of the polymer with time, it is preferable that the low polymerization degree component is small in terms of durability.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, in a wavelength conversion member having a wavelength conversion layer containing a quantum dot that emits fluorescence when irradiated with excitation light, the content of the low polymerization degree component in the wavelength conversion layer is small,
- An object of the present invention is to provide a highly durable wavelength conversion member in which the emission intensity is unlikely to decrease.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-brightness backlight unit and a liquid crystal display device that are less likely to have reduced light emission intensity and have high durability.
- the wavelength conversion member of the present invention includes at least one type of quantum dots that are excited by excitation light to emit fluorescence and a wavelength conversion layer containing an antioxidant, and at least one layer formed adjacent to the wavelength conversion layer.
- a wavelength conversion member comprising an intervening layer and a barrier layer formed on at least one surface side of the wavelength converting layer, wherein at least one of the intervening layers contains an antioxidant. It is an intervening layer.
- the content of the low polymerization degree component in the wavelength conversion layer is preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the antioxidant is preferably at least one of a radical inhibitor, a metal deactivator, a singlet oxygen scavenger, a superoxide scavenger, and a hydroxy radical scavenger, a hindered phenol compound, a hindered amine compound, More preferably, it is at least one of a quinone compound, a hydroquinone compound, a triferol compound, an aspartic acid compound, and a thiol compound, and further it is at least one of a citric acid compound, an ascorbic acid compound, and a tocopherol compound. preferable.
- a preferred embodiment of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention includes an embodiment in which the antioxidant-containing intervening layer is formed between the barrier layer and the wavelength conversion layer.
- the antioxidant-containing intervening layer in this aspect include a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the barrier layer and the wavelength conversion layer.
- the wavelength conversion layer includes a first wavelength conversion layer including a first quantum dot that emits fluorescence having a first wavelength, and a second quantum that emits fluorescence having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength.
- a second wavelength conversion layer containing dots in which the antioxidant-containing intervening layer is adjacent to the first wavelength conversion layer and the second wavelength conversion layer. It is also preferable that the antioxidant-containing intervening layer is an embodiment formed adjacent to both surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer.
- the wavelength conversion layer and the antioxidant-containing intervening layer include at least a part of the region on the same plane
- An embodiment in which either the wavelength conversion layer is partitioned and scattered by the intervening layer or the intervening layer is partitioned and scattered by the wavelength converting layer can be mentioned.
- the average width of the dots on the divided and scattered layer is in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 mm
- the volume ratio Vw / (Vw + Vo) calculated by the layer volume Vo is in the range of 0.2 to 0.8 is a more preferable embodiment.
- antioxidant-containing intervening layer examples include a pillar-shaped spacer structure formed between two barrier layers, or a partition wall structure that forms a space between two barrier layers. It is more preferable that the antioxidant-containing intervening layer is formed adjacent to both surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer and has a structure in which the two intervening layers are connected to each other.
- the barrier layer preferably contains silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, or aluminum oxide.
- the oxygen permeability of the barrier layer is preferably 0.1 cm 3 / (m 2 ⁇ Day ⁇ atm) or less.
- the oxygen transmission rate is a value measured under conditions of a measurement temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% RH, and the oxygen transmission rate is 0.1 cm 3 / (m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm) or less. Means 1.14 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 fm / (s ⁇ Pa) or less in SI units.
- the barrier layer is preferably provided on both sides of the wavelength conversion layer.
- the backlight unit of the present invention the wavelength conversion member of the present invention, And a light source that emits primary light incident on the wavelength conversion member.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises the backlight unit of the present invention described above, And a liquid crystal cell into which the light emitted from the backlight unit is incident.
- the first manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention is a manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention, Prepare a substrate with an antioxidant-containing intervening layer on the surface,
- the precursor layer of the wavelength conversion layer which consists of a polymeric composition containing an at least 1 sort (s) of quantum dot is arrange
- the second manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention is a manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention, A precursor layer of a wavelength conversion layer made of a polymerizable composition containing at least one kind of quantum dots is disposed on a substrate, the precursor layer is cured to be a cured layer, and the antioxidant-containing intervening layer is a cured layer. Place them next to each other.
- the third manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention is a manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention, A precursor layer of a wavelength conversion layer made of a polymerizable composition containing at least one kind of quantum dots is arranged in a pattern on a substrate, the precursor layer is cured to form a cured layer, and an antioxidant-containing intervening layer is provided. It arrange
- the 4th manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention is a manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the above-mentioned present invention, On the substrate, an antioxidant-containing intervening layer is arranged in a pattern, and a precursor layer of a wavelength conversion layer made of a polymerizable composition containing at least one kind of quantum dots is placed between the patterns of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer. After arrange
- the “half width” of a peak refers to the width of the peak at a peak height of 1/2.
- the light having the emission center wavelength in the wavelength band of 430 to 480 nm is called blue light
- the light having the emission center wavelength in the wavelength band of 520 to 560 nm is called green light
- the emission center wavelength in the wavelength band of 600 to 680 nm is called red light.
- the three-dimensional region including at least the wavelength conversion layer when the wavelength conversion layer and the antioxidant-containing intervening layer are mixed in the plane, in the film thickness direction from the lowest end of the wavelength conversion layer to the uppermost end, In the in-plane direction, it refers to a three-dimensional region delimited by a region up to the edge of the region where the wavelength conversion layer exists.
- the “average width” of the divided dots of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer and the wavelength conversion layer refers to a value obtained by averaging the maximum width of one divided dot for a plurality of dots. The number of dots to be averaged may be a number that is statistically reliable.
- the wavelength conversion member of the present invention includes at least one type of quantum dots that are excited by excitation light to emit fluorescence and a wavelength conversion layer containing an antioxidant, and at least one layer formed adjacent to the wavelength conversion layer.
- An intervening layer and a barrier layer formed on at least one surface side of the wavelength conversion layer are provided, and at least one of the intervening layers is an antioxidant-containing intervening layer containing an antioxidant. Since the wavelength conversion member having such a configuration contains an antioxidant in the wavelength conversion layer, it is possible to effectively prevent photooxidation of quantum dots by oxygen present in the wavelength conversion layer. In addition, since the wavelength conversion member having such a configuration contains an antioxidant in the intervening layer, the antioxidant that is slowly released from the intervening layer to the wavelength conversion layer can photooxidize the quantum dots by oxygen that has penetrated over time.
- the wavelength conversion member having such a configuration has a low content of the low polymerization degree component in the wavelength conversion layer, and the deterioration of the physical properties of the wavelength conversion layer with time due to the presence of the low polymerization degree component is small. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly durable wavelength conversion member in which the light emission intensity is unlikely to decrease.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlight unit including a wavelength conversion member according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the wavelength conversion member according to the present invention.
- 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second to ninth embodiments of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention.
- a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- the backlight unit 2 includes a light source 1A that emits primary light (blue light L B ) and a light guide plate 1B that guides and emits the primary light emitted from the light source 1A.
- the shape of the wavelength conversion member 1D is not particularly limited, and may be an arbitrary shape such as a sheet shape or a bar shape.
- L B quantum dots 30A emitted from the wavelength conversion member 1D is absorbed by the 30B (not shown), the required quantity of fluorescence (L G, L R) to emit light, the white light L W is Realized and emitted.
- the quantum dots 30A are made to enter ultraviolet light as the excitation light into the wavelength conversion member 1D including the quantum dots 30A, 30B, 30C (not shown).
- White light can be embodied by green light emitted, red light emitted by quantum dots 30B (not shown), and blue light emitted by quantum dots 30C (not shown).
- wavelength conversion member 1 ⁇ / b > D is formed on the surface of the wavelength conversion layer 30 and the wavelength conversion layer 30 including quantum dots 30 ⁇ / b > A and 30 ⁇ / b > B that are excited by excitation light (L B ) and emit fluorescence (L G , L R ). And barrier layers 12 and 22 (FIGS. 2 and 3 to 10).
- the wavelength conversion members 1D-1 to 1D-9 are provided with a wavelength conversion layer 30 and barrier films on both main surfaces (surfaces) thereof.
- the barrier films 10 and 20 include the supports 11 and 21 and the barrier layers 12 and 22 supported on the surfaces thereof, respectively.
- the upper side (barrier film 20 side) is the emission side of the backlight unit 2
- the lower side (barrier film 10 side) is the surface. 1C side of the light source.
- the oxygen that has entered the wavelength conversion members 1D-1 to 1D-9 has a structure in which the barrier films 10 and 20 prevent the oxygen from entering the wavelength conversion layer 30 on the emission side and the planar light source 1C side. .
- the wavelength conversion layer containing quantum dots contains a light emission stabilizer, a reducing agent, etc.
- the light-emission stabilizer and the reducing agent are contained in the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition that is the precursor layer of the wavelength conversion layer. It was stated that if it is contained in a large amount, it may cause curing inhibition of the precursor layer of the wavelength conversion layer.
- the present inventor can manufacture by suppressing the abundance of the low polymerization degree component in the wavelength conversion layer, and can reduce the influence of oxygen penetrating the barrier film and oxygen entering from the side surface. Was examined.
- the wavelength conversion members 1D-1 to 1D-9 are at least one quantum dot (30A) that is excited by excitation light (L B ) and emits fluorescence (L G , L R ). , 30B) and the wavelength conversion layer 30 containing the antioxidant AO, at least one intervening layer (12c, 22c, 50, 60) formed adjacent to the wavelength conversion layer 30, and the wavelength conversion layer 30 And a barrier layer (12, 22) formed on at least one surface side, wherein at least one of the intervening layers (12c, 22c, 50, 60) is an antioxidant. This is an antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 containing AO.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a mode in which the barrier overcoat layer 12c of the barrier layer 12 is an antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40, and the wavelength of the second embodiment shown in FIG.
- the conversion member 1D-2 is a mode in which the barrier overcoat layer 22c of the barrier layer 22 is the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40, and the wavelength conversion member 1D-3 in the third embodiment shown in FIG. In this embodiment, 12c and 22c are the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-4 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and the wavelength conversion member 1D-5 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 are the wavelength conversion member 1D-3 of the third embodiment.
- the wavelength conversion layer 30 and the wavelength conversion layer 30G including quantum dots 30A that emits fluorescence L G a mode consisting of two layers of the wavelength conversion layer 30R including quantum dots 30B to emit fluorescent L R.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-6 of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is an embodiment in which an antioxidant AO is contained in the adhesive used to bond the wavelength conversion layer 30 and the barrier film 20, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer In this embodiment, 50 is the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-7 of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and the wavelength conversion member 1D-8 of the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 are respectively the wavelength conversion members of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. in 1D-4 and the wavelength converting member 1D-5 in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a barrier overcoat layer (12c, 22c) without antioxidants AO, the quantum dot emits fluorescence L G and a wavelength conversion layer 30G including 30A, between the wavelength conversion layer 30R including quantum dots 30B to emit fluorescent L R, a mode in which an intermediate layer 60 provided as antioxidant-containing intermediate layer 40.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-9 of the ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 does not contain the antioxidant AO in the barrier overcoat layer 12c in the wavelength conversion member 1D-1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 is provided as the intermediate layer 60.
- the wavelength conversion members 1D-1 to 1D-9 of the first to ninth embodiments described above are A substrate provided with an antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 on the surface is prepared, and a precursor layer of a wavelength conversion layer (30, 30G, 30R) made of a polymerizable composition containing at least one kind of quantum dots is adjacent to the surface.
- the first manufacturing method of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention wherein the precursor layer is cured by placing the precursor layer, A precursor layer 30M of a wavelength conversion layer (30, 30G, 30R) made of a polymerizable composition containing at least one kind of quantum dots is disposed on a substrate, the precursor layer 30M is cured to form a cured layer, and an oxidation is performed.
- the substrate may be the base material itself, or may be a laminated substrate in which various functional layers are laminated on the base material. It is described as.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-1 includes a barrier overcoat layer 12c (including a barrier layer 12 composed of an organic barrier layer 12a and an inorganic barrier layer 12b on the support 11 and an antioxidant AO, which covers the surface of the barrier layer 12). It is formed adjacent to the barrier film 10 provided with the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40) and the barrier overcoat layer 12c (antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40), and is excited by excitation light (L B ).
- a barrier overcoat layer 12c including a barrier layer 12 composed of an organic barrier layer 12a and an inorganic barrier layer 12b on the support 11 and an antioxidant AO, which covers the surface of the barrier layer 12. It is formed adjacent to the barrier film 10 provided with the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40) and the barrier overcoat layer 12c (antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40), and is excited by excitation light (L B ).
- the barrier film 10 includes an unevenness imparting layer (mat layer) 13 that imparts an uneven structure on the surface opposite to the surface on the wavelength conversion layer 30 side.
- the unevenness imparting layer 13 also has a function as a light diffusion layer.
- Wavelength conversion member 1D-1 prepares a barrier film 10 as a substrate, the surface of the barrier overcoat layer 12c (antioxidant-containing intermediate layer 40), light-emitting quantum dots 30A and fluorescence L R that emits fluorescence L G It can manufacture by arrange
- the precursor layer of the wavelength conversion layer 30 (see Examples below) is disposed adjacent to the surface of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 and the precursor layer is cured.
- a precursor composition is formed by applying a polymerizable composition as a raw material of the wavelength conversion layer 30 on the surface of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 of the barrier film 10, and a barrier layer is formed on the precursor layer.
- the barrier overcoat layer 22c is an adhesive layer (FIG.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-1 is prepared by using the barrier film 20 as a base material, and applying a polymerizable composition as a raw material of the wavelength conversion layer 30 on the barrier overcoat layer 22c of the barrier film 20 to form a precursor layer.
- 30M is formed, the precursor layer 30M is cured to form a cured layer, and the barrier overcoat layer 12c (antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40) is disposed adjacent to the cured layer (second). Manufacturing method).
- the method of disposing the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 adjacent to the cured layer is not particularly limited, but the barrier film 10 formed with the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 is applied as a barrier overcoat.
- a method in which the layer 12c (antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40) is placed so as to be adjacent to the cured layer via an adhesive layer (not shown), and the barrier overcoat layer 12c (antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40) After placing the barrier film 20 formed with the cured layer on the barrier film 10 formed with the precursor layer 30M so that the cured layer and the precursor layer 30M of the barrier overcoat layer 12c are adjacent to each other, Examples thereof include a method of curing the precursor layer 30M.
- the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 and the precursor layer of the wavelength conversion layer (30, 30G, 30R) are arranged adjacent to each other and then the precursor layer 30M is cured, the antioxidant is contained.
- the antioxidant obtained by placing the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 adjacent to the cured layer of the precursor layer 30M was included in the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40. It is a wavelength conversion layer (30, 30G, 30R) containing the agent AO.
- an antioxidant is used in order to more effectively obtain the photo-antioxidation effect of the quantum dots by the antioxidant AO in the wavelength conversion layer (30, 30G, 30R). It is preferable to allow a time for AO to sufficiently diffuse into the cured layer.
- the elapsed time that can be sufficiently diffused differs depending on the type of the matrix material of the wavelength conversion layer (30, 30G, 30R) and the antioxidant AO, but the elapsed time is preferably 24 hours or more at room temperature. preferable.
- the uncured precursor layer 30M when the uncured precursor layer 30M is cured while being sandwiched between base materials (barrier films), it can be manufactured as follows. preferable.
- the uncured wavelength conversion layer precursor layer 30M is sandwiched between the base materials 10 and 20 (hereinafter referred to as the barrier films 10 and 20) provided with the barrier layers 12 and 22 on the supports 11 and 21, respectively.
- the wavelength converting member 1D-1 is manufactured by curing with the above will be described as an example. This will be described below with reference to FIGS. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of a manufacturing apparatus for the wavelength conversion member 1D-1
- FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged view of the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG.
- the manufacturing process of the wavelength conversion member using the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 includes a quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition on the surface of the first barrier film 10 (hereinafter referred to as “first film”) that is continuously conveyed.
- first film first barrier film
- second barrier film 20 hereinafter also referred to as “second film” that is continuously conveyed is laminated (overlaid) on the coating film to form a coating film.
- either the first film or the second film It includes at least a step of wrapping around a backup roller and irradiating with light while continuously transporting to polymerize and cure the coating film to form a cured layer.
- a barrier film having a barrier property against oxygen and moisture is used for both the first film and the second film.
- the barrier overcoat layer 12c antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40
- the barrier overcoat layer 12c containing antioxidant
- a barrier film provided with an intervening layer 40) is used as the second film.
- the first film 10 is continuously conveyed from the unillustrated transmitter to the coating unit 120.
- the first film 10 is delivered from the delivery device at a conveyance speed of 1 to 50 m / min. However, it is not limited to this conveyance speed.
- a tension of 20 to 150 N / m, preferably 30 to 100 N / m is applied to the first film 10.
- the quantum dot containing polymeric composition (henceforth "application liquid” is also applied) is apply
- a die coater 124 and a backup roller 126 disposed to face the die coater 124 are installed.
- the surface opposite to the surface on which the precursor layer 30M of the first film 10 is formed is wound around the backup roller 126, and the coating liquid is applied from the discharge port of the die coater 124 to the surface of the first film 10 that is continuously conveyed.
- the precursor layer 30M is formed by coating.
- the precursor layer 30 ⁇ / b> M refers to a quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition that has been applied on the first film 10 and is not yet cured.
- the die coater 124 to which the extrusion coating method is applied is shown as the coating apparatus, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a coating apparatus to which various methods such as a curtain coating method, a rod coating method, or a roll coating method are applied can be used.
- the first film 10 that has passed through the coating unit 120 and has the precursor layer 30M formed thereon is continuously conveyed to the laminating unit 130.
- the second film 20 that is continuously conveyed is laminated on the precursor layer 30 ⁇ / b> M, and the precursor layer 30 ⁇ / b> M is sandwiched between the first film 10 and the second film 20.
- a laminating roller 132 and a heating chamber 134 surrounding the laminating roller 132 are installed in the laminating unit 130.
- the heating chamber 134 is provided with an opening 136 for allowing the first film 10 to pass therethrough and an opening 138 for allowing the second film 20 to pass therethrough.
- a backup roller 162 is disposed at a position facing the laminating roller 132.
- the first film 10 on which the precursor layer 30M is formed is wound around the backup roller 162 on the surface opposite to the surface on which the precursor layer 30M is formed, and is continuously conveyed to the laminating position P.
- the lamination position P means a position where the contact between the second film 20 and the precursor layer 30M starts.
- the first film 10 is preferably wound around the backup roller 162 before reaching the laminating position P. This is because even if wrinkles occur in the first film 10, the wrinkles are corrected and removed by the backup roller 162 before reaching the laminate position P.
- the position (contact position) where the first film 10 is wound around the backup roller 162 and the distance L1 to the laminate position P are preferably long, for example, 30 mm or more is preferable, and the upper limit is usually It is determined by the diameter of the backup roller 162 and the pass line.
- the second film 20 is laminated by the backup roller 162 and the laminating roller 132 used in the curing unit 160. That is, the backup roller 162 used in the curing unit 160 is also used as a roller used in the laminating unit 130.
- the present invention is not limited to the above form, and a laminating roller may be installed in the laminating unit 130 in addition to the backup roller 162 so that the backup roller 162 is not used.
- the backup roller 162 used in the curing unit 160 in the laminating unit 130, the number of rollers can be reduced.
- the backup roller 162 can also be used as a heat roller for the first film 10.
- the second film 20 sent from a sending machine (not shown) is wound around the laminating roller 132 and continuously conveyed between the laminating roller 132 and the backup roller 162.
- the second film 20 is laminated on the precursor layer 30M formed on the first film 10 at the laminating position P. Thereby, the precursor layer 30 ⁇ / b> M is sandwiched between the first film 10 and the second film 20.
- Lamination refers to laminating the second film 20 on the precursor layer 30M.
- the distance L2 between the laminating roller 132 and the backup roller 162 may be equal to or greater than the total thickness value of the first film 10, the cured layer obtained by polymerizing and curing the precursor layer 30M, and the second film 20. preferable. Moreover, it is preferable that L2 is below the length which added 5 mm to the total thickness of the 1st film 10, the precursor layer 30M, and the 2nd film 20. FIG. By setting the distance L2 to be equal to or shorter than the total thickness plus 5 mm, it is possible to prevent bubbles from entering between the second film 20 and the precursor layer 30M.
- the distance L2 between the laminating roller 132 and the backup roller 162 is the shortest distance between the outer circumferential surface of the laminating roller 132 and the outer circumferential surface of the backup roller 162.
- Rotational accuracy of the laminating roller 132 and the backup roller 162 is 0.05 mm or less, preferably 0.01 mm or less in radial runout. The smaller the radial runout, the smaller the thickness distribution of the precursor layer 30M.
- the temperature of the backup roller 162 of the curing unit 160 and the temperature of the first film 10 are The difference and the difference between the temperature of the backup roller 162 and the temperature of the second film 20 is preferably 30 ° C. or less, more preferably 15 ° C. or less, and most preferably the same.
- the heating chamber 134 In order to reduce the difference from the temperature of the backup roller 162, when the heating chamber 134 is provided, it is preferable to heat the first film 10 and the second film 20 in the heating chamber 134.
- hot air is supplied to the heating chamber 134 by a hot air generator (not shown), and the first film 10 and the second film 20 can be heated.
- the first film 10 may be heated by the backup roller 162 by being wound around the temperature-adjusted backup roller 162.
- the second film 20 can be heated with the laminating roller 132 by using the laminating roller 132 as a heat roller.
- the heating chamber 134 and the heat roller are not essential, and can be provided as necessary.
- the precursor layer 30 ⁇ / b> M is sandwiched between the first film 10 and the second film 20 and continuously conveyed to the curing unit 160.
- curing in the curing unit 160 is performed by light irradiation.
- the polymerizable compound contained in the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition is polymerized by heating, such as spraying hot air Curing can be performed by heating.
- a light irradiation device 164 is provided at a position facing the backup roller 162 and the backup roller 162.
- the first film 10 and the second film 20 sandwiching the precursor layer 30M are continuously conveyed between the backup roller 162 and the light irradiation device 164.
- an ultraviolet-ray is mentioned as an example.
- the ultraviolet light means light having a wavelength of 280 to 400 nm.
- a light source that generates ultraviolet rays for example, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a medium-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultrahigh-pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon lamp, or the like can be used.
- the light irradiation amount may be set within a range in which the polymerization and curing of the coating film can proceed.
- ultraviolet rays having an irradiation amount of 100 to 10,000 mJ / cm 2 can be irradiated toward the precursor layer 30M.
- the first film 10 and the second film 20 sandwich the precursor layer 30M, the first film 10 is wound around the backup roller 162, and the light irradiation device 164 is continuously conveyed.
- the precursor layer 30 ⁇ / b> M can be cured by irradiating with light, thereby forming a cured layer (wavelength conversion layer) 30.
- the first film 10 side is wound around the backup roller 162 and continuously conveyed, but the second film 20 may be wound around the backup roller 162 and continuously conveyed.
- Wrapping around the backup roller 162 means a state in which either the first film 10 or the second film 20 is in contact with the surface of the backup roller 162 at a certain wrap angle. Accordingly, the first film 10 and the second film 20 move in synchronization with the rotation of the backup roller 162 while being continuously conveyed. Winding around the backup roller 162 may be at least during the irradiation of ultraviolet rays.
- the backup roller 162 includes a cylindrical main body and rotating shafts disposed at both ends of the main body.
- the main body of the backup roller 162 has a diameter of ⁇ 200 to 1000 mm, for example. There is no restriction on the diameter ⁇ of the backup roller 162. In consideration of curl deformation of the laminated film, equipment cost, and rotational accuracy, the diameter is preferably 300 to 500 mm.
- the temperature of the backup roller 162 is determined in consideration of the heat generation during light irradiation, the curing efficiency of the precursor layer 30M, and the occurrence of wrinkle deformation on the backup roller 162 of the first film 10 and the second film 20. Can be determined.
- the backup roller 162 is preferably set to a temperature range of 10 to 95 ° C., for example, and more preferably 15 to 85 ° C.
- the temperature related to the roller refers to the surface temperature of the roller.
- the distance L3 between the laminate position P and the light irradiation device 164 can be set to 30 mm or more, for example.
- the precursor layer 30M becomes the cured layer 30 (wavelength conversion layer 30) by light irradiation, and the wavelength conversion member 1D-1 including the first film 10, the wavelength conversion layer 30, and the second film 20 is manufactured.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-1 is peeled off from the backup roller 162 by the peeling roller 180.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-1 is continuously conveyed to a winder (not shown), and then the wavelength conversion member 1D-1 is wound into a roll by the winder.
- the second to ninth embodiments can also be manufactured by the first manufacturing method, the second manufacturing method, and a combination thereof.
- the wavelength conversion members 1D-1 to 1D-9 contain the antioxidant AO in the wavelength conversion layer 30, the photooxidation of the quantum dots 30A and 30B by oxygen present in the wavelength conversion layer 30 is performed. Can be effectively prevented. Moreover, since the antioxidant AO is contained in the intervening layer, the antioxidant AO that is gradually released from the intervening layer 40 to the wavelength conversion layer 30 continues photooxidation of the quantum dots 30A and 30B by oxygen that has invaded over time. Can be prevented.
- the content of the low polymerization degree component having a polymerization degree in the wavelength conversion layer 30 of 2 or more and 4 or less is small, There is little deterioration with time of the physical properties of the wavelength conversion layer due to the presence of the low polymerization degree component (see Examples below).
- the wavelength conversion members 1D-1 to 1D-9 of the present embodiment are wavelength conversion members that are less likely to have lower emission intensity and have high durability.
- each component of wavelength conversion member 1D is demonstrated.
- the barrier layers 12 and 22 are shown as being formed on the supports 11 and 21, but the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the barrier is not formed on the support. The aspect which consists of a layer, etc. may be sufficient.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the wavelength conversion member 1D-10 of the tenth embodiment (the upper barrier layer is not shown), and FIG. 15 is the wavelength conversion member 1D of the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of the wavelength conversion member 1D-11 according to the tenth embodiment and ⁇ 10, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a detailed configuration of the wavelength conversion member 1D-10 according to the tenth embodiment.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D-10 of the tenth embodiment has a configuration in which the wavelength conversion layer 30 and the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 are in the same plane, and the wavelength conversion layers 30 are discretely arranged in a dot shape. .
- the cross-sectional form of the intermediate layer 60 which is the wavelength conversion intervening layer 40, is depicted with the same width in the thickness direction, but may take a form in which the width changes in the thickness direction.
- the wavelength conversion layer 30 is a cylindrical dot, but the shape of the dot may be a square shape as shown in FIG. 17 or a polygonal shape as shown in FIG. 14, 17, and 18 are drawn so that the dots are regularly and densely packed, but for the purpose of the present invention, the arrangement is not necessarily regular, and the dots are not necessarily closely packed. There is no need to place it as is.
- the thickness of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 may be biased to one side, or the antioxidant-containing intervening layer
- the wavelength conversion layers 30 may be discretely present in the layer 40 so as to alternate in the thickness direction.
- the thickness of the three-dimensional region where the wavelength conversion layer 30 and the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 are mixed is, for example, the portion D defined by the line B to the line B ′ in FIGS. 19 and 20. Can do.
- the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 and the intermediate layer 60 may be continuous, or may be provided separately to form an interface.
- an antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 and an antioxidant containing are used instead of the wavelength conversion layer 30.
- the wavelength conversion layer 30 may be used in place of the intervening layer 40, and the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 may be arranged in the form of dots, and the wavelength conversion layer 30 may fill the gaps.
- the volume ratio Vw / (Vw + Vo) calculated by the volume Vw of the wavelength conversion layer 30 and the volume Vo of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 in a three-dimensional region including at least the wavelength conversion layer 30 is in the range of 0.2 to 0.8. Preferably there is. Within this range, the contact area between the layers increases, the diffusion of the antioxidant from the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 to the wavelength conversion layer 30 progresses more efficiently, has excellent durability, and is irradiated from the light source.
- the excitation light to be converted can be sufficiently converted by the wavelength conversion layer, and high luminance can be obtained.
- the average width of the dots is preferably in the range of 0.01 mm to 10 mm, and more preferably in the range of 0.02 mm to 5 mm. Within this range, it is possible to realize a wavelength conversion member that requires less travel distance for the antioxidant to migrate to the wavelength conversion layer and develop its function, and that has less in-plane unevenness in the effect of suppressing the decrease in luminance.
- the wavelength conversion member of the tenth embodiment adjusts the precursor composition of the wavelength conversion layer composed of the polymerizable composition containing at least one kind of quantum dots and the precursor composition of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer,
- a precursor layer of a wavelength conversion layer made of a polymerizable composition containing at least one kind of quantum dots is arranged on a substrate in a pattern by a printing method, a transfer method, an ink jet method, etc., and then the precursor layer is cured.
- a cured layer is obtained, and then the pattern of the wavelength conversion layer is filled with an antioxidant-containing intervening layer precursor composition using a known method such as a coating method, an ink jet method, or screen printing, and cured as necessary.
- the sealing step Prior to hardening of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer precursor composition, when the hardening treatment is performed after the upper surface is covered with the other substrate, the sealing step is performed when the antioxidant-containing intervening layer has adhesiveness. Can also serve.
- the wavelength conversion member of the tenth embodiment may be obtained by forming the antioxidant-containing intervening layer precursor in a pattern and filling the gap with the wavelength conversion layer precursor composition.
- a structure of a wavelength conversion layer having a three-dimensionally laminated pattern and an antioxidant-containing intervening layer by repeatedly performing these manufacturing methods on the previously formed wavelength conversion layer or the like can be manufactured.
- the dot arrangement pattern used in these manufacturing methods may be a geometric pattern such as a lattice pattern or a halftone dot pattern, or an artificial pattern including a random pattern may be repeatedly arranged.
- the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 is an intermediate layer formed in the barrier overcoat layers 12c and / or 22c, the adhesive layer 50, and the wavelength conversion layer 30. 60 or the like, and is not particularly limited as long as it is formed adjacent to the wavelength conversion layer (30, 30R, 30G).
- the antioxidant AO is a radical inhibitor that suppresses the chain reaction of auto-oxidation, and non-radical decomposition of peroxide. Deactivating peroxide decomposing agent, metal deactivating agent that suppresses metal oxidation promotion, synergist coexisting with radical inhibitor to increase its action, singlet oxygen scavenger deactivating active oxygen , Superoxide scavengers and hydroxy radical scavengers. Even if it is antioxidant of any mechanism, by making it exist in the wavelength conversion layer 30, the photooxidation of the quantum dot by the oxygen which penetrate
- the wavelength conversion member of the present embodiment is provided with the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 containing the antioxidant AO in the adjacent layer of the wavelength conversion layer 30, and the wavelength conversion layer 30 by aging diffusion from this layer.
- the antioxidant AO is contained in the antioxidant, but the antioxidant AO remains in the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 after the diffusion with time.
- oxygen that has passed through the barrier layer (12 and / or 22) can reduce the intrusion of oxygen into the wavelength conversion layer 30.
- the antioxidant AO present in the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 and the wavelength conversion layer 30 functions as a scatterer to increase the wavelength conversion efficiency, and also improves the emission luminance.
- the function as an inorganic filler (shape stability, mechanical strength improvement effect, heat resistance improvement effect, etc.) in the layer containing the antioxidant AO Will have. Therefore, according to the wavelength conversion member 1D of the present embodiment, the effect of improving the dimensional stability by the inorganic filler can be obtained.
- the structure other than the antioxidant AO is the barrier overcoat layer (12 c, 22 c), the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50, or the intermediate formed in the wavelength conversion layer 30.
- the layer 60 varies depending on its function. Each functional layer will be described later.
- the antioxidant AO is preferably 0.2% by mass or more, and more preferably 1% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40. More preferably, it is 2 mass% or more.
- antioxidants may be altered by interaction with oxygen. The altered antioxidant may induce decomposition of the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition, resulting in decreased adhesion, poor brittleness, and reduced quantum dot luminous efficiency. From the viewpoint of preventing these, it is preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 15% by mass or less, and further preferably 10% by mass or less.
- the antioxidant AO is preferably at least one of a radical inhibitor, a metal deactivator, a singlet oxygen scavenger, a superoxide scavenger, and a hydroxy radical scavenger.
- antioxidants include phenolic antioxidants, hindered amine antioxidants, quinone antioxidants, phosphorus antioxidants, and thiol antioxidants.
- phenolic antioxidants examples include 2,6-ditert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, distearyl (3,5-ditert-butyl-4- Hydroxybenzyl) phosphonate, 1,6-hexamethylenebis [(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid amide], 4,4′-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-m-cresol) 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidenebis (6-tert-butyl- m-cresol), 2,2′-ethylidenebis (4,6-ditert-butylphenol), 2,2′-ethylidenebis (4-secondarybutyl-6-tert-butylphenol) 1,1,3-tris (2-
- phosphorus antioxidants include trisnonylphenyl phosphite, tris [2-tert-butyl-4- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenylthio) -5-methylphenyl] phos.
- thiol antioxidant examples include dialkylthiodipropionates such as dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl thiodipropionate, and distearyl thiodipropionate; and pentaerythritol tetra ( ⁇ -alkylmercaptopropionic acid) ester And the like.
- the hindered amine antioxidant is also referred to as HALS (Hidered amineminlight stabilizers), and is a structure in which all hydrogen atoms on carbons at the 2-position and 6-position of piperidine are substituted with methyl groups, preferably a group represented by Formula 1 Have
- X in Formula 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl group in which X is a hydrogen atom, or 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl in which X is a methyl group HALS having a -4-piperidyl group is particularly preferably employed.
- a number of HALS having a structure in which a group represented by Formula 1 is bonded to a —COO— group, that is, a group represented by Formula 2 are commercially available, but these can be preferably used.
- HALS that can be preferably used in the present invention include those represented by the following formulas.
- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl group is represented by R
- 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl group is represented by R ′.
- CH 2 (COOR ′) CH (COOR ′) CH (COOR ′) CH 2 COOR ′ compounds represented by Formula 3, and the like.
- Tinuvin 123 Tinuvin 144, Tinuvin 765, Tinuvin 770, Tinuvin 622, Chimassorb 944, Chimassorb 119 (all of which are trade names of Ciba Specialty Chemicals), ADK STAB LA52, ADK STAB LA57 , Adeka Stub LA62, Adeka Stub LA67, Adeka Stub LA82, Adeka Stub LA87, Adeka Stub LX335 (all of which are trade names of Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- HALS those having relatively small molecules are preferable because they easily diffuse from the antioxidant-containing intervening layer to the wavelength conversion layer.
- Preferred HALS from this viewpoint includes a compound represented by ROC ( ⁇ O) (CH 2 ) 8 C ( ⁇ O) OR, R′OC ( ⁇ O) C (CH 3 ) ⁇ CH 2 .
- the antioxidant AO is at least one of a hindered phenol compound, a hindered amine compound, a quinone compound, a hydroquinone compound, a triferol compound, an aspartic acid compound, and a thiol compound, a citric acid compound, More preferably, it is at least one of an ascorbic acid compound and a tocopherol compound.
- These compounds are not particularly limited, but include hindered phenol, hindered amine, quinone, hydroquinone, triferol, aspartic acid, thiol, citric acid, tocopheryl acetic acid, and tocopheryl phosphoric acid itself, or salts and ester compounds thereof. Is preferred.
- Wavelength conversion layer 30 has a quantum dot 30A that emits when excited fluorescence (red light) L R by the blue light L B in the organic matrix 30P, a being excited by the blue light L B fluorescence (green light) L G
- the quantum dots 30B that emit light are dispersed.
- the quantum dots 30A and 30B are greatly illustrated for easy visual recognition, but in actuality, for example, the diameter of the quantum dots is about 2 to 7 nm with respect to the thickness of the wavelength conversion layer 30 of 50 to 100 ⁇ m. It is.
- the thickness of the wavelength conversion layer 30 is preferably in the range of 1 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 10 to 250 ⁇ m, and still more preferably in the range of 30 to 150 ⁇ m.
- a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more is preferable because a high wavelength conversion effect can be obtained. Further, it is preferable that the thickness is 500 ⁇ m or less because the backlight unit can be thinned when incorporated in the backlight unit.
- the shape of the wavelength conversion layer is not particularly limited, and can be an arbitrary shape.
- the wavelength conversion layer 30 includes the above-described antioxidant AO.
- the content of the antioxidant AO is preferably within a range of 0.1 to 20% by mass with respect to the total mass of the wavelength conversion layer 30.
- the antioxidant AO may be distributed in a substantially uniform manner, or may exist unevenly.
- the organic matrix 30P includes a polymer (polymer), and the wavelength conversion layer 30 is polymerizable including quantum dots 30A and 30B and a polymerizable compound that is polymerized to become the organic matrix 30P.
- the antioxidant AO from the adjacent antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40 is obtained. Can be formed by diffusion over time. Therefore, the wavelength conversion layer 30 can be manufactured while suppressing the abundance of a low polymerization degree component having a polymerization degree of 2 or more and 4 or less contained in the wavelength conversion layer.
- the low polymerization degree component having a degree of polymerization of 2 or more and 4 or less contained in the wavelength conversion layer 30 can be 5% by mass or less.
- the wavelength conversion layer 30 may include a wavelength conversion overcoat layer that covers the surface thereof.
- the wavelength conversion overcoat layer plays a role of smoothing and increasing the hardness of the wavelength conversion layer surface, can be composed of one or more organic layers, and can be formed by a known method.
- the wavelength conversion overcoat layer may be the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40.
- the wavelength conversion overcoat layer is not particularly limited, but a polymer similar to the organic matrix 30P of the wavelength conversion layer 30 can be preferably used.
- Suitable polymerizable compounds capable of forming the polymer of the organic matrix 30P of the wavelength conversion layer 30 are exemplified in the description of the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition described later.
- dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA) penta
- PETA erythritol tetraacrylate
- TMPTA trimethylpropane triacrylate
- epoxy compounds such as Celoxide 2021P and Celoxide 2000, various acrylic polymers, and the like. That is, as the polymerizable composition used when forming the wavelength conversion overcoat layer, a polymerizable composition obtained by removing quantum dots from the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition described later can be suitably used.
- the formation method of the wavelength conversion layer 30 is not particularly limited, but as described above, the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition that is the raw material composition of the wavelength conversion layer 30 is applied to the surface of the barrier films 10 and 20 and the precursor.
- a method in which a layer is formed and then cured by light irradiation or heating is preferred.
- Known coating methods include curtain coating, dip coating, spin coating, print coating, spray coating, slot coating, roll coating, slide coating, blade coating, gravure coating, and wire bar method. The coating method is mentioned.
- Curing conditions can be appropriately set according to the type of polymerizable compound used and the composition of the polymerizable composition. Moreover, when a quantum dot containing polymeric composition is a composition containing a solvent, you may give a drying process for solvent removal before hardening.
- the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition includes quantum dots 30A and 30B and a polymerizable compound that is polymerized to become an organic matrix 30P.
- the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition can contain other components such as a polymerization initiator and a silane coupling agent.
- the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition may contain the above-described antioxidant AO, but the content thereof is determined in the wavelength conversion layer 30 from the viewpoint of durability of the wavelength conversion layer 30 after curing. Is preferably in the range where the content of the low polymerization degree component of 2 or more and 4 or less is 5% by mass or less (see Examples below).
- the method for preparing the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition is not particularly limited, and may be carried out according to a general procedure for preparing a polymerizable composition.
- Quantum dots may contain different two or more quantum dot emission characteristics, in this embodiment, quantum dots, and quantum dots 30A are excited by the blue light L B which emits fluorescence (red light) L R a quantum dot 30B that emits when excited by the blue light L B fluorescence (green light) L G. Moreover, the quantum dots 30A are excited by ultraviolet light L UV to emit fluorescence (red light) L R, and the quantum dots 30B that emits fluorescence (green light) L G is excited by the ultraviolet light L UV, ultraviolet light L UV by being excited can also include quantum dots 30C that emits fluorescence (blue light) L B.
- the known quantum dots include a quantum dot 30A having an emission center wavelength in a wavelength range of 600 nm to 680 nm, a quantum dot 30B having an emission center wavelength in a wavelength range of 520 nm to 560 nm, and a wavelength band of 400 nm to 500 nm.
- a quantum dot 30C (emitting blue light) having an emission center wavelength is known.
- quantum dots in addition to the above description, for example, JP 2012-169271 A paragraphs 0060 to 0066 can be referred to, but the quantum dots are not limited thereto.
- the quantum dots commercially available products can be used without any limitation.
- the emission wavelength of the quantum dots can usually be adjusted by the particle composition, size, and composition and size.
- Quantum dots may be added to the polymerizable composition in the form of particles, or may be added in the form of a dispersion dispersed in a solvent.
- the addition in the state of a dispersion is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing the aggregation of the quantum dot particles.
- the solvent used here is not particularly limited.
- the quantum dots can be added in an amount of, for example, about 0.01 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition.
- the quantum dot content is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass with respect to the total mass of the polymerizable compound contained in the polymerizable composition. preferable.
- the polymerizable compound contained in the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition is not particularly limited, but a radical polymerizable compound is preferable.
- the radically polymerizable compound is preferably a monofunctional or polyfunctional (meth) acrylate monomer from the viewpoint of the transparency and adhesion of the cured film after curing. It may be a polymer or a polymer.
- description with "(meth) acrylate” shall be used by the meaning of at least one of an acrylate and a methacrylate, or either. The same applies to “(meth) acryloyl” and the like.
- Monofunctional (meth) acrylate monomers include acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, derivatives thereof, and more specifically, monomers having one polymerizable unsaturated bond ((meth) acryloyl group) of (meth) acrylic acid in the molecule. Can be mentioned.
- an alkyl (meth) acrylate having 4 to 30 carbon atoms is preferably used, and an alkyl (meth) acrylate having 12 to 22 carbon atoms is used to improve the dispersibility of the quantum dots. From the viewpoint of, it is more preferable. As the dispersibility of the quantum dots improves, the amount of light that goes straight from the wavelength conversion layer to the exit surface increases, which is effective in improving front luminance and front contrast.
- monofunctional (meth) acrylate monomers include butyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, oleyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, and behenyl (meth) acrylate.
- Butyl (meth) acrylamide, octyl (meth) acrylamide, lauryl (meth) acrylamide, oleyl (meth) acrylamide, stearyl (meth) acrylamide, behenyl (meth) acrylamide and the like are preferable.
- lauryl (meth) acrylate, oleyl (meth) acrylate, and stearyl (meth) acrylate are particularly preferable.
- the bifunctional (meth) acrylate monomers include neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) ) Acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, hydroxypivalate neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclo Pentenyloxyethyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanyl di (meth) acrylate and the like are preferable examples.
- the trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylate monomers include epichlorohydrin (ECH) modified glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide (EO) modified glycerol tri (meta).
- the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition includes a (meth) acrylate monomer having a molecular weight Mw as a radical polymerizable compound and a ratio of the number F of (meth) acryloid groups per molecule, Mw / F is 200 or less. It is also preferable. Mw / F is more preferably 150 or less, and most preferably 100 or less.
- the (meth) acrylate monomer having a small Mw / F can reduce the oxygen transmission rate of the wavelength conversion layer formed by curing the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition, thereby improving the light resistance of the wavelength conversion member. Because it can.
- a (meth) acrylate monomer having a small Mw / F is preferable in that the crosslink density of the polymer in the wavelength conversion layer can be increased and the breakage of the wavelength conversion layer can be prevented.
- Specific examples of (meth) acrylate monomers having an Mw / F of 200 or less include pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, and tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate. Etc.
- the amount of the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate monomer used may be 5 parts by mass or more from the viewpoint of coating film strength with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polymerizable compounds contained in the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition.
- it is preferably 95 parts by mass or less.
- the radical polymerizable compound is preferably contained in an amount of 10 to 99.9 parts by mass, and 50 to 99.9 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition. Is more preferable, and 92 to 99 parts by mass is particularly preferable.
- an alicyclic epoxy compound is also preferable.
- the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition preferably contains 30% by mass or more of the alicyclic epoxy compound, more preferably 50% by mass or more, and more preferably 80% by mass or more from the viewpoint of oxygen barrier properties. preferable.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound may be one kind or two or more kinds having different structures.
- content regarding an alicyclic epoxy compound shall mean these total content, when using 2 or more types of alicyclic epoxy compounds from which a structure differs. This also applies to other components when two or more types having different structures are used.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound has better curability by light irradiation than the aliphatic epoxy compound.
- the use of a polymerizable compound having excellent photocurability is advantageous in that, in addition to improving productivity, a layer having uniform physical properties can be formed on the light irradiation side and the non-irradiation side. As a result, curling of the wavelength conversion layer can be suppressed and a wavelength conversion member with uniform quality can be provided.
- epoxy compounds also tend to have less cure shrinkage during photocuring. This is advantageous in forming a smooth wavelength conversion layer with little deformation.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound has at least one alicyclic epoxy group.
- the alicyclic epoxy group means a monovalent substituent having a condensed ring of an epoxy ring and a saturated hydrocarbon ring, preferably a monovalent substituent having a condensed ring of an epoxy ring and a cycloalkane ring. It is.
- Two or more structures may be contained in one molecule, and preferably one or two in one molecule.
- the above structure may have one or more substituents.
- substituents include alkyl groups (for example, alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups (for example, alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), halogen atoms (for example, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, bromine atoms), cyano Group, amino group, nitro group, acyl group, carboxyl group and the like.
- the above structure may have such a substituent, but is preferably unsubstituted.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound may have a polymerizable functional group other than the alicyclic epoxy group.
- the polymerizable functional group refers to a functional group capable of causing a polymerization reaction by radical polymerization or cationic polymerization, and examples thereof include a (meth) acryloyl group.
- Examples of commercially available products that can be suitably used as the alicyclic epoxy compound include Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Celoxide (registered trademark) 2000, Celoxide 2021P, Celoxide 3000, Celoxide 8000, Cyclomer (registered trademark) M100, Epolide GT301, and Epolide. Examples thereof include GT401, 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich, D-limonene oxide manufactured by Nippon Terpene Chemical Co., Ltd., and Sansosizer (registered trademark) E-PS manufactured by Shin Nippon Rika Co., Ltd. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound I is commercially available as Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Celoxide 2021P.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound II is commercially available as Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Cyclomer M100.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound can also be produced by a known synthesis method.
- the synthesis method is not limited.
- Maruzen KK Publishing, 4th edition Experimental Chemistry Course 20 Organic Synthesis II, 213-, 1992, Ed.by Alfred Hasfner, John & Wiley and Sons An Interscience Publication, New York, 1985, Yoshimura, Adhesion, 29,12, 32, 1985, Yoshimura, Adhesion, 30,5, 42, 1986, Yoshimura, Adhesion, 30,7, 42, 1986, JP-A-11-1000037, Japanese Patent No. 2926262 and the like.
- the (meth) acrylate compound or (meth) acrylate means a compound containing one or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule, and (meth) acryloyl group and Is used to denote one or both of an acryloyl group and a methallyloyl group.
- An oxirane compound is also called ethylene oxide, and is typically expressed as a functional group called a glycidyl group.
- the oxetane compound is a 4-membered cyclic ether.
- an interpenetrating polymer network IPN
- IPN interpenetrating polymer network
- an oxirane compound and an oxetane compound can be copolymerized with the above-described alicyclic epoxy compound, and the mechanical properties and optical properties of the polymer can be suitably designed. Further, by using these compounds in combination, the viscosity of the composition before curing, the dispersibility of the quantum dots, and the solubility of the photopolymerization initiator and other additives described later can be adjusted.
- the curable compound containing the alicyclic epoxy compound is preferably contained in an amount of 10 to 99.9% by mass, more preferably 50 to 99.9% by mass, based on the total amount of the quantum dot-containing curable composition. More preferably, it is contained in an amount of 92 to 99% by mass.
- the quantum dot containing polymeric composition may contain the polymerization initiator as needed.
- a polymerization initiator it is preferable to use a suitable polymerization initiator according to the kind of the polymerizable compound contained in the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition.
- a known radical initiator may be included.
- the polymerization initiator reference can be made, for example, to paragraph 0037 of JP2013-043382A.
- the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 mol% or more, more preferably 0.5 to 2 mol% of the total mass of the polymerizable compound contained in the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition.
- the above-described alicyclic epoxy compound may cause the cured product to be slightly yellowish in combination with the initiator, which may cause a part of the excitation light irradiated to the wavelength conversion member to reduce luminance. .
- the alicyclic epoxy compound can reduce this problem when an iodonium salt compound, for example, the iodonium salt compound A shown below is used.
- the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition may further contain a silane coupling agent, and the wavelength conversion layer formed from the polymerizable composition containing the silane coupling agent is adjacent to the layer adjacent to the silane coupling agent. Since the adhesiveness is strong, even more excellent light resistance can be exhibited. This is mainly due to the fact that the silane coupling agent contained in the wavelength conversion layer forms a covalent bond with the surface of the adjacent layer and the constituent components of the layer by hydrolysis reaction or condensation reaction. At this time, it is also preferable to provide an inorganic barrier layer described later as an adjacent layer.
- the silane coupling agent has a reactive functional group such as a radical polymerizable group
- a monomer component constituting the wavelength conversion layer and a cross-linked structure can also be formed, thereby improving the adhesion between the wavelength conversion layer and the adjacent layer. Can contribute.
- the silane coupling agent contained in the wavelength conversion layer is used in a sense including the silane coupling agent in the form after the reaction as described above.
- silane coupling agent a known silane coupling agent can be used without any limitation.
- a silane coupling agent represented by the general formula (1) described in JP2013-43382A can be exemplified.
- the amount of the additive such as a silane coupling agent is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate.
- the quantum dot polymerizable composition may contain a solvent as necessary.
- the type and amount of the solvent used are not particularly limited.
- one or a mixture of two or more organic solvents can be used as the solvent.
- the barrier films 10 and 20 are films having a function of suppressing the permeation of moisture and / or oxygen, and in this embodiment, the barrier films 12 and 22 are provided on the supports 11 and 21 respectively. Yes. In such an embodiment, due to the presence of the support, the strength of the wavelength conversion member 1D is improved, and film formation can be easily performed.
- the barrier films 10 and 20 in which the barrier layers 12 and 22 are supported by the supports 11 and 21 are provided on both main surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer 30 so that the barrier layers 12 and 22 are adjacent to each other.
- the barrier layers 12 and 22 do not have to be supported by the supports 11 and 21, and when the supports 11 and 21 have sufficient barrier properties, they are supported.
- the barrier layer may be formed only by the bodies 11 and 21.
- the barrier films 10 and 20 are preferably included in the wavelength conversion member as in the present embodiment, that is, an embodiment in which the barrier layers are provided on both surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer 30. It may be a mode in which only one is included.
- the barrier film preferably has a total light transmittance of 80% or more in the visible light region, and more preferably 90% or more.
- the visible light region refers to a wavelength region of 380 to 780 nm, and the total light transmittance indicates an average value of light transmittance over the visible light region.
- the oxygen permeability of the barrier films 10 and 20 is preferably 1.00 cm 3 / (m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm) or less.
- the oxygen permeability is a value measured using an oxygen gas permeability measuring device (manufactured by MOCON, OX-TRAN 2/20: trade name) under the conditions of a measurement temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90%. It is.
- the oxygen permeability of the barrier films 10 and 20 is more preferably 0.10 cm 3 / (m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm) or less, and still more preferably 0.01 cm 3 / (m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm) or less. .
- the barrier films 10 and 20 have a function of blocking moisture (water vapor) in addition to a gas barrier function of blocking oxygen.
- the moisture permeability (water vapor transmission rate) of the barrier films 10 and 20 is 0.10 g / (m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm) or less.
- the moisture permeability of the barrier films 10 and 20 is preferably 0.01 g / (m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm) or less.
- the “main surface” refers to the surface (front surface, back surface) of the wavelength conversion layer disposed on the viewing side or the backlight side when the wavelength conversion member is used. The same applies to the main surfaces of the other layers and members.
- this wavelength conversion layer 30 it is preferable that the main surfaces of the front and back of the wavelength conversion layer 30 are supported by the support bodies 11 and 21 like this embodiment.
- the average film thickness of the supports 11 and 21 is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of impact resistance of the wavelength conversion member. It is preferable. In an aspect in which retroreflection of light is increased, such as when the concentration of the quantum dots 30A and 30B included in the wavelength conversion layer 30 is reduced, or when the thickness of the wavelength conversion layer 30 is reduced, absorption of light having a wavelength of 450 nm is performed. Since the rate is preferably lower, the average film thickness of the supports 11 and 21 is preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 25 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in luminance.
- the retroreflective member of the backlight unit is used to maintain the display color of the LCD. It is necessary to increase the number of times the excitation light passes through the wavelength conversion layer by providing means for increasing retroreflection of light, such as providing a plurality of prism sheets in 2B. Therefore, the support is preferably a transparent support that is transparent to visible light. Here, being transparent to visible light means that the light transmittance in the visible light region is 80% or more, preferably 85% or more.
- the light transmittance used as a measure of transparency is measured by measuring the total light transmittance and the amount of scattered light using the method described in JIS-K7105, that is, using an integrating sphere type light transmittance measuring device. It can be calculated by subtracting the rate.
- the supports 11 and 21 preferably have an in-plane retardation Re (589) at a wavelength of 589 nm of 1000 nm or less. More preferably, it is 500 nm or less, and further preferably 200 nm or less.
- Re (589) of the support is in the above range because foreign matters and defects can be more easily found during inspection using a polarizing plate.
- Re (589) is measured with KOBRA 21ADH or WR (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) by making light having a wavelength of 589 nm incident in the normal direction of the film.
- the wavelength selection filter can be exchanged manually, or the measurement value can be converted by a program or the like.
- the supports 11 and 21 are preferably supports having a barrier property against oxygen and moisture.
- Preferred examples of the support include a polyethylene terephthalate film, a film made of a polymer having a cyclic olefin structure, and a polystyrene film.
- the supports 11 and 21 preferably include barrier layers 12 and 22 including at least one inorganic barrier layer 12b and 22b formed in contact with the surface on the wavelength conversion layer 30 side.
- the barrier layers 12 and 22 may include at least one organic barrier layer 12a and 22a between the supports 11 and 21 and the inorganic barrier layers 12b and 22b.
- the organic barrier layers 12a and 22a may be provided between the inorganic barrier layers 12b and 22b and the wavelength conversion layer 30, or the third barrier layer as in the first and second embodiments.
- it may be provided between the inorganic barrier layer 22b and the wavelength conversion layer 30, and the organic barrier layer closest to the wavelength conversion layer 30 is referred to as a barrier overcoat layer.
- the barrier overcoat layers 12c and 22c are suitable as the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40.
- the barrier layers 12 and 22 are formed by forming films on the surfaces of the supports 11 and 21 as supports. Therefore, the barrier films 10 and 20 are comprised by the support bodies 11 and 21 and the barrier layers 12 and 22 provided on it. In the case where the barrier layers 12 and 22 are provided, the support preferably has high heat resistance.
- the layer in the barrier films 10 and 20 adjacent to the wavelength conversion layer 30 may be an inorganic barrier layer or an organic barrier layer, and is not particularly limited.
- the barrier layers 12 and 22 are preferably composed of a plurality of layers because the barrier property can be further enhanced. Therefore, the barrier layers 12 and 22 are preferable from the viewpoint of improving light resistance. However, as the number of layers increases, the light transmission of the wavelength conversion member increases. Since the rate tends to decrease, it is preferable to design in consideration of good light transmittance and barrier properties.
- the “inorganic layer” is a layer mainly composed of an inorganic material, and is preferably a layer formed only from an inorganic material.
- the inorganic barrier layers 12b and 22b suitable for the barrier layers 12 and 22 are not particularly limited, and various inorganic compounds such as metals, inorganic oxides, nitrides, and oxynitrides can be used.
- As an element constituting the inorganic material silicon, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, tin, indium and cerium are preferable, and one or more of these may be included.
- the inorganic compound examples include silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide alloy, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, and titanium nitride.
- a metal film such as an aluminum film, a silver film, a tin film, a chromium film, a nickel film, or a titanium film may be provided.
- an inorganic barrier layer containing silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, or aluminum oxide is particularly preferable. Since the inorganic barrier layer made of these materials has good adhesion with the organic barrier layer, even when the inorganic barrier layer has pinholes, the organic barrier layer can effectively fill the pinholes, The barrier property can be further increased. Further, silicon nitride is most preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing light absorption in the barrier layer.
- the method for forming the inorganic barrier layer is not particularly limited, and for example, various film forming methods capable of evaporating or scattering the film forming material and depositing on the deposition surface can be used.
- Examples of the method for forming the inorganic barrier layer include: a vacuum vapor deposition method in which an inorganic material such as an inorganic oxide, an inorganic nitride, an inorganic oxynitride, or a metal is heated and vapor-deposited; Oxidation reaction vapor deposition method that oxidizes and deposits by introducing; sputtering method in which inorganic material is used as target raw material, argon gas and oxygen gas are introduced and sputtered by sputtering; generated in inorganic material by plasma gun
- a vapor deposition film of silicon oxide is formed by a physical vapor deposition method (Physical Vapor Deposition method, PVD method) such as an ion plating method that is heated by a plasma beam and vapor-deposited, a plasma chemical gas using an organic silicon compound as a raw material is used. Phase growth (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method etc. And the like.
- the thickness of the inorganic barrier layer may be 1 nm to 500 nm, preferably 5 nm to 300 nm, and more preferably 10 nm to 150 nm.
- the film thickness of the adjacent inorganic barrier layer is within the above-mentioned range, it is possible to suppress light absorption in the inorganic barrier layer while realizing good barrier properties, and a wavelength conversion member with higher light transmittance. It is because it can provide.
- the organic layer is a layer mainly composed of an organic material, and preferably refers to a layer in which the organic material occupies 50% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, and particularly 90% by mass or more.
- JP, 2007-290369, A paragraphs 0020-0042 and JP, 2005-096108, A paragraphs 0074-0105 can be referred to as an organic barrier layer.
- the organic barrier layer preferably contains a cardo polymer. Thereby, the adhesion between the organic barrier layer and the adjacent layer, in particular, the adhesion with the inorganic barrier layer is improved, and a further excellent barrier property can be realized.
- the film thickness of the organic barrier layer is preferably in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness of the organic barrier layer is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
- it is preferably in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m. This is because when the film thickness of the organic barrier layer formed by the wet coating method or the dry coating method is within the above-described range, the adhesion with the inorganic layer can be further improved.
- the wavelength conversion layer, the inorganic barrier layer, the organic barrier layer, and the support may be laminated in this order, between the inorganic barrier layer and the organic barrier layer, and between the two organic barrier layers.
- the support may be laminated between the two inorganic barrier layers.
- the barrier films 10 and 20 include an unevenness imparting layer (matte layer) that imparts an uneven structure on the surface opposite to the surface on the wavelength conversion layer 30 side. It is preferable that the barrier film has a matte layer because the blocking property and slipping property of the barrier film can be improved.
- the mat layer is preferably a layer containing particles. Examples of the particles include inorganic particles such as silica, alumina, and metal oxide, or organic particles such as crosslinked polymer particles.
- the mat layer is preferably provided on the surface of the barrier film opposite to the wavelength conversion layer, but may be provided on both surfaces.
- the wavelength conversion member 1 ⁇ / b> D may include the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50.
- curing an adhesive agent can be mentioned preferably.
- the adhesive is curable, various types of adhesives conventionally used in the production of polarizing plates can be used, but from the viewpoint of weather resistance, polymerizability, etc. It preferably contains an adhesive that cures.
- cationically polymerizable compounds such as epoxy compounds, more specifically, epoxy having no aromatic ring in the molecule as described in JP-A-2004-245925
- An active energy ray curable adhesive containing a compound as one of the active energy ray curable components is preferred.
- active energy ray-curable adhesives usually generate polymerization species, especially cationic species or Lewis acids upon irradiation with active energy rays.
- a cationic photopolymerization initiator for initiating polymerization of the active compound is blended.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is also suitable as the antioxidant-containing intervening layer 40.
- the wavelength conversion member 1D can have a light scattering function in order to efficiently extract the fluorescence of the quantum dots to the outside.
- the light scattering function may be provided inside the wavelength conversion layer 30, or a layer having a light scattering function may be separately provided as the light scattering layer.
- the light scattering layer may be provided on the surface of the barrier layer 22 on the wavelength conversion layer 30 side, or may be provided on the surface of the support opposite to the wavelength conversion layer.
- the mat layer it is preferable that the mat layer is a layer that can be used both as an unevenness providing layer and a light scattering layer.
- the backlight unit 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a light source 1A that emits primary light (blue light L B ), and a light guide plate 1B that guides and emits primary light emitted from the light source 1A.
- a backlight unit that is a multi-wavelength light source.
- blue light having an emission center wavelength in a wavelength band of 430 to 480 nm and a peak of emission intensity having a half width of 100 nm or less, and an emission center wavelength in a wavelength band of 520 to 560 nm, and a half width of It is preferable to emit green light having an emission intensity peak that is 100 nm or less and red light having an emission center wavelength in the wavelength band of 600 to 680 nm and having an emission intensity peak that is 100 nm or less.
- the wavelength band of the blue light emitted from the backlight unit 2 is preferably 430 to 480 nm, and more preferably 440 to 460 nm.
- the wavelength band of the green light emitted from the backlight unit 2 is preferably 520 to 560 nm, and more preferably 520 to 545 nm.
- the wavelength band of red light emitted from the backlight unit is preferably 600 to 680 nm, and more preferably 610 to 640 nm.
- the half-value widths of the emission intensity of blue light, green light, and red light emitted from the backlight unit are all preferably 80 nm or less, more preferably 50 nm or less, and 40 nm or less. More preferably, it is more preferably 30 nm or less. Among these, it is particularly preferable that the half-value width of each emission intensity of blue light is 25 nm or less.
- the backlight unit 2 includes at least the planar light source 1C together with the wavelength conversion member 1D.
- the light source 1A include those that emit blue light having an emission center wavelength in the wavelength band of 430 nm to 480 nm, and those that emit ultraviolet light.
- a light emitting diode, a laser light source, or the like can be used as the light source 1A.
- the planar light source 1 ⁇ / b> C may be a planar light source including a light source 1 ⁇ / b> A and a light guide plate 1 ⁇ / b> B that guides and emits primary light emitted from the light source 1 ⁇ / b> A. It may be a planar light source that is arranged in a plane parallel to the wavelength conversion member 1D and includes a diffusion plate 1E instead of the light guide plate 1B.
- the former planar light source is generally called an edge light system, and the latter planar light source is generally called a direct type.
- a case where a planar light source is used as the light source has been described as an example. However, a light source other than the planar light source can be used as the light source.
- the reflecting plate 2A is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used, and are described in Japanese Patent No. 3416302, Japanese Patent No. 3363565, Japanese Patent No. 4091978, Japanese Patent No. 3448626, etc. Incorporated into the present invention.
- the retroreflective member 2B may include a known diffusion plate, diffusion sheet, prism sheet (for example, BEF series manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), a light guide, or the like.
- the configuration of the retroreflective member 2B is described in Japanese Patent No. 3416302, Japanese Patent No. 3363565, Japanese Patent No. 4091978, Japanese Patent No. 3448626, and the contents of these publications are incorporated in the present invention.
- the backlight unit 2 described above can be applied to a liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device 4 includes a liquid crystal cell unit 3 on which light emitted from the backlight unit 2 of the above embodiment is incident.
- the liquid crystal cell unit 3 has a configuration in which the liquid crystal cell 31 is sandwiched between polarizing plates 32 and 33.
- the polarizing plates 32 and 33 have both main surfaces of the polarizers 322 and 332, respectively.
- the polarizing plate protective films 321 and 323, 331 and 333 are protected.
- liquid crystal cell 31 there are no particular limitations on the liquid crystal cell 31, the polarizing plates 32 and 33, and the components thereof that constitute the liquid crystal display device 4, and those produced by known methods and commercially available products can be used without any limitation. It is of course possible to provide a known intermediate layer such as an adhesive layer between the layers.
- the driving mode of the liquid crystal cell 31 is not particularly limited, and is twisted nematic (TN), super twisted nematic (STN), vertical alignment (VA), in-plane switching (IPS), optically compensated bend cell (OCB). ) And other modes can be used.
- the liquid crystal cell is preferably VA mode, OCB mode, IPS mode, or TN mode, but is not limited thereto.
- the configuration shown in FIG. the configuration shown in FIG.
- the specific configuration of the liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited, and a known configuration can be adopted.
- the liquid crystal display device 4 further includes an accompanying functional layer such as an optical compensation member that performs optical compensation as required, and an adhesive layer.
- an accompanying functional layer such as an optical compensation member that performs optical compensation as required
- an adhesive layer In addition to (or instead of) color filter substrates, thin layer transistor substrates, lens films, diffusion sheets, hard coat layers, antireflection layers, low reflection layers, antiglare layers, etc., forward scattering layers, primer layers, antistatic layers Further, a surface layer such as an undercoat layer may be disposed.
- the backlight side polarizing plate 32 may have a retardation film as the polarizing plate protective film 323 on the liquid crystal cell 31 side.
- a retardation film a known cellulose acylate film or the like can be used.
- the backlight unit 2 and the liquid crystal display device 4 include the above-described wavelength conversion member with little optical loss according to the present invention. Therefore, the backlight unit and the liquid crystal display device having the same effects as those of the wavelength conversion member of the present invention, a high-brightness backlight unit and a liquid crystal display device in which the separation of the interface of the wavelength conversion layer including the quantum dots hardly occurs and the light emission intensity hardly decreases.
- barrier films 1 and 2 (Preparation of barrier films 1 and 2) Using a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (trade name “Cosmo Shine (registered trademark) A4300”, thickness 50 ⁇ m, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) as a support, an organic layer and an inorganic layer were formed on one side of the support by the following procedure. Sequentially formed.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- an inorganic layer (silicon nitride layer) was formed on the surface of the organic layer using a roll-to-roll CVD apparatus.
- Silane gas (flow rate 160 sccm), ammonia gas (flow rate 370 sccm), hydrogen gas (flow rate 590 sccm), and nitrogen gas (flow rate 240 sccm) were used as source gases.
- a high frequency power supply having a frequency of 13.56 MHz was used as the power supply.
- the film forming pressure was 40 Pa, and the reached film thickness was 50 nm. In this way, a film was produced in which an inorganic layer was laminated on the surface of the organic layer formed on the support.
- a urethane skeleton acrylic polymer (Acrit 8BR500 manufactured by Taisei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) and a photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 184 manufactured by BASF Co., Ltd.) are weighed to a mass ratio of 95: 5, and these are dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone, and the solid content concentration is 15%.
- An antioxidant was added at a concentration of 1.0% by mass to the first barrier overcoat layer coating solution to obtain a second barrier overcoat layer coating solution.
- the added antioxidant was the antioxidant of each example described in Table 1.
- the prepared coating liquid for the first barrier overcoat layer was applied to the surface of the inorganic layer of the barrier film 1 with a roll toe roll using a die coater, and passed through a drying zone at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes to form an overcoat layer. After forming, the film was wound up to produce a barrier film 1 with a first overcoat layer. Similarly, a barrier film 2 with a second overcoat layer (containing an antioxidant) was prepared using the prepared coating liquid for the second barrier overcoat layer. The thickness of the overcoat layer formed on the support was 1 ⁇ m.
- an acrylate compound (Viscoat 700HV manufactured by Osaka Organic Synthesis Co., Ltd.) and 40 g of an acrylate compound (8BR500 manufactured by Taisei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) were added and further stirred.
- 1.5 g of photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure (registered trademark) 819, manufactured by BASF) and 0.5 g of fluorosurfactant (FC4430, manufactured by 3M) were further added to the coating liquid (polymerizable composition for forming a light scattering layer) ) was prepared.
- the coating solution was applied with a die coater so that the PET film surface of the barrier film 1 with the first overcoat layer was a coated surface.
- the wet coating amount was adjusted with a liquid feed pump, and coating was performed at a coating amount of 25 cc / m 2 (the thickness was adjusted to be about 12 ⁇ m with a dry film).
- a light scattering layer laminated barrier film 1-A was obtained.
- a light scattering layer laminated barrier film 2-A was obtained using the barrier film 2 with a second overcoat layer (containing an antioxidant).
- the coating solution was applied with a die coater so that the PET film surface of the barrier film 1 with the first overcoat layer was a coated surface.
- the wet coating amount was adjusted with a liquid feed pump, and coating was performed at a coating amount of 10 cc / m 2 .
- the thickness of the mat layer formed after curing was about 3 to 6 ⁇ m, and the maximum section height Rt (measured based on JIS B0601) had a surface roughness of about 1 to 3 ⁇ m. In this way, an uneven layer laminated barrier film 1-B was obtained. Similarly, a concavo-convex layer laminated barrier film 2-B was obtained using the barrier film 2 with a second overcoat layer (containing an antioxidant).
- a composition having the following composition was prepared, filtered through a polypropylene filter having a pore size of 0.2 ⁇ m, and then dried under reduced pressure for 30 minutes to obtain quantum dot-containing polymerizable compositions 1 to 4.
- CZ520-100 manufactured by NN-Labs Co. is used as a toluene dispersion of quantum dots 1 having an emission maximum wavelength of 535 nm
- CZ620 manufactured by NN-Labs is used as a toluene dispersion of quantum dots 2 having an emission maximum wavelength of 630 nm. -100 was used.
- quantum dots using CdSe as the core, ZnS as the shell, and octadecylamine as the ligand, and are dispersed in toluene at a concentration of 3% by weight.
- the quantum dot concentration of the toluene dispersion of quantum dots 1 and 2 is 1% by mass.
- the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition is in a state not containing an antioxidant, and the antioxidant and its content are precursors as shown in Table 1. It is shown as a component in the body layer.
- Quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition 1 Quantum dot 1 toluene dispersion (luminescence maximum: 535 nm) 10 parts by mass Quantum dot 2 toluene dispersion (luminescence maximum: 630 nm) 1 part by weight Lauryl methacrylate 80.8 parts by weight Trimethylolpropane triacrylate 18.2 parts by weight Light Polymerization initiator (Irgacure 819 (manufactured by BASF)) 1 part by mass
- Quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition 2 Quantum dot 1 in toluene dispersion (maximum emission: 535 nm) 10 parts by mass Toluene dispersion in quantum dot 2 (emission maximum: 630 nm) 1 part by mass Alicyclic epoxy compound I 99 parts by mass Photocationic polymerization initiator (iodonium salt compound) ) A 1 part by mass
- Quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition 3 Quantum dot 1 toluene dispersion (luminescence maximum: 535 nm) 10 parts by weight Lauryl methacrylate 80.8 parts by weight Trimethylolpropane triacrylate 18.2 parts by weight Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 819 (manufactured by BASF)) 1 part by weight
- Quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition 4 Quantum dot 2 toluene dispersion (luminescence maximum: 630 nm) 10 parts by weight Lauryl methacrylate 80.8 parts by weight Trimethylolpropane triacrylate 18.2 parts by weight Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 819 (manufactured by BASF)) 1 part by weight
- the diameter of the backup roller was ⁇ 300 mm, and the temperature of the backup roller was 50 ° C.
- the irradiation amount of ultraviolet rays was 2000 mJ / cm 2 .
- L1 was 50 mm, L2 was 1 mm, and L3 was 50 mm.
- the coated film was cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays to form a cured layer (wavelength conversion layer) to produce a laminated film (wavelength conversion member).
- the thickness of the cured layer of the laminated film was 50 ⁇ 2 ⁇ m.
- the thickness accuracy of the hardened layer was as good as ⁇ 4%.
- production of wrinkles was not seen by the laminated
- the diameter and temperature of the backup roller, the UV irradiation amount, and the conditions of L1, L2, and L3 were the same as those in Example 1.
- the thickness of the cured layer of the laminated film was 50 ⁇ 2 ⁇ m.
- the diameter and temperature of the backup roller, the UV irradiation amount, and the conditions of L1, L2, and L3 were the same as those in Example 1.
- the thickness of the cured layer of the laminated film was 50 ⁇ 2 ⁇ m.
- a light scattering layer laminated barrier film 2-A with a second barrier overcoat layer is prepared and listed in Table 1 on the second barrier overcoat layer surface while continuously transporting at a tension of 1 m / min and 60 N / m.
- the antioxidant containing quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition 4 was applied with a die coater to form a coating film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- the barrier film on which the coating film is formed is wound around a backup roller, and the barrier film with the wavelength conversion layer prepared on the coating film is laminated so that the wavelength conversion layer is in contact with the coating film.
- the film was wound around a backup roller while sandwiching the coating film, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays while being continuously conveyed.
- the diameter and temperature of the backup roller, the UV irradiation amount, and the conditions of L1, L2, and L3 were the same as those in Example 1.
- the thickness of the cured layer of the laminated film was 50 ⁇ 2 ⁇ m.
- the thickness accuracy of the hardened layer was as good as ⁇ 4%.
- production of wrinkles was not seen by the laminated
- Example 15 A wavelength conversion member was produced in the same manner as in Example 14 except that the quantum dot-containing polymerizable compositions 3 and 4 were replaced in the production method of Example 14.
- C-1 Light scattering layer laminated barrier film 1-A with first barrier overcoat layer / wavelength conversion layer / uneven layer laminated barrier film 1-B with first barrier overcoat layer
- C-2 Light scattering layer laminated barrier film 2-A with second barrier overcoat layer / wavelength conversion layer / uneven layer laminated barrier film 1-B with first barrier overcoat layer
- C-3 Light scattering layer laminated barrier film with second barrier overcoat layer 2-A / wavelength conversion layer / concave layer laminated barrier film with second barrier overcoat layer 2-B
- C-4 Light scattering layer laminated barrier film 1-A with first barrier overcoat layer / wavelength conversion layer (containing antioxidant) / uneven layer laminated barrier film 1-B with first barrier overcoat layer
- composition having the following composition was prepared and mixed with a static mixer to prepare an intermediate layer antioxidant-containing polymerizable composition.
- the antioxidant was added in the amount and amount shown in Table 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the antioxidant-containing polymerizable composition for intermediate layer.
- Barrier film 2-B antioxidants added to the overcoat layer is laminated as shown in Table 2 was laminated so that the overcoat side was the wavelength conversion layer side, and a 200 W / cm air-cooled metal halide lamp (manufactured by Igraphic) was used. UV irradiation was performed at an exposure amount of 1000 mJ / cm 2 to obtain a wavelength conversion member having an average thickness of the wavelength conversion layer of 50 ⁇ m. Table 2 shows numerical values such as the material, thickness, and width of each layer in each example.
- (Evaluation) Evaluation of low polymerization degree component-
- a composition excluding the quantum dot composition was prepared from the method for producing the wavelength conversion layer in each example, and the composition was applied with a die coater under the same conditions as in each example, and the thickness was 50 ⁇ m.
- a coating film was formed.
- the diameter and temperature of the backup roller, the UV irradiation amount, and the conditions of L1, L2, and L3 were the same as those in Example 1.
- the barrier film was peeled off from the prepared coating film, and 0.1 g of the cured composition film was scraped off to prepare a sample for evaluation of low polymerization degree components.
- 0.1 g of the above low polymerization degree component evaluation sample was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to a concentration of 0.5%, and the low polymerization degree component was fractionated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- a component having a molecular weight of 2 or more and 4 or less was set as a low polymerization degree component.
- GPC was detected using a differential refractive index detector with a Showa Denko KF806M type column mounted on a Showa Denko GPC apparatus GPC-101.
- the weight average molecular weight was calculated
- the mass ratio of the low polymerization degree component in the sample was defined as P, which was an evaluation value.
- Evaluation criteria 10 to 9 are particularly preferable (Excellent), 8 to 7 are preferable (Good), and 6 to 5 are practical (Fair). 4 to 3 are insufficient (No Good), and 2 to 1 are unusable (Bad).
- Evaluation criteria 10 to 9 are particularly preferable (Excellent), 8 to 7 are preferable (Good), and 6 to 5 are practical (Fair). 4 to 3 are insufficient (No Good), and 2 to 1 are unusable (Bad).
- the rating is 2 or more, there is no practical problem, but as the rating increases from 3 to 5, the macroscopic display unevenness (brightness unevenness, color unevenness) caused by the wavelength conversion member that is noticeable improves when the backlight size is 19 inches or more. Therefore, it can be said to be a preferable mode.
- Table 1 shows the layer configuration, the matrix type of the quantum dot-containing composition in the wavelength conversion layer, the antioxidant-containing layer (layer configuration and the composition of the antioxidant for Examples 1 to 26 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention. ), Barrier film moisture permeability, and evaluation results.
- “% by mass” means 1% by mass with respect to the total mass of the quantum dot-containing polymerizable composition after addition of the antioxidant. The same applies to the following “mass%”.
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Abstract
Description
本発明はまた、発光強度が低下しにくく、耐久性の高い高輝度なバックライトユニット及び液晶表示装置を提供することを目的とするものである。
また、波長変換層が、第1の波長の蛍光を発光する第1の量子ドットを含む第1の波長変換層と、第1の波長と異なる第2の波長の蛍光を発光する第2の量子ドットを含む第2の波長変換層とを含み、酸化防止剤含有介在層が、第1の波長変換層と第2の波長変換層とに隣接してなる態様が挙げられる。
酸化防止剤含有介在層は、波長変換層の両面に隣接して形成されてなる態様であることも好ましい。
酸化防止剤含有介在層が、波長変換層の両面に隣接して形成され、かつ、その2つの介在層同士が連結するような構造を有してなる態様であることもより好ましい。
本明細書において、酸素透過率は、測定温度23℃、相対湿度90%RHの条件下における測定値であり、酸素透過率が0.1cm3/(m2・day・atm)以下であるとは、SI単位では1.14×10-2fm/(s・Pa)以下であることを意味する。
バリア層は、波長変換層の両面に備えられてなることが好ましい。
波長変換部材に入射させる一次光を出射する光源とを備えるものである。
バックライトユニットから出射された光が入射される液晶セルとを備えてなるものである。
酸化防止剤含有介在層を表面に備えた基板を用意し、
酸化防止剤含有介在層表面に、少なくとも1種の量子ドットを含む重合性組成物からなる波長変換層の前駆体層を隣接させて配置し、前駆体層を硬化させるものである。
基板上に、少なくとも1種の量子ドットを含む重合性組成物からなる波長変換層の前駆体層を配置し、前駆体層を硬化させて硬化層とし、酸化防止剤含有介在層を硬化層と隣接させて配置する。
基板上に、少なくとも1種の量子ドットを含む重合性組成物からなる波長変換層の前駆体層をパターン状に配置し、前駆体層を硬化させて硬化層とし、酸化防止剤含有介在層を波長変換層のパターン間を充填するように配置する。
基板上に、酸化防止剤含有介在層をパターン状に配置し、少なくとも1種の量子ドットを含む重合性組成物からなる波長変換層の前駆体層を前記酸化防止剤含有介在層のパターン間を充填するように配置した後、前駆体層を硬化させて硬化層とする。
波長変換部材1Dの形状は特に限定されるものではなく、シート状、バー状等の任意の形状であることができる。
波長変換部材1Dは、励起光(LB)により励起されて蛍光(LG,LR)を発光する量子ドット30A,30Bを含む波長変換層30と、波長変換層30の表面に形成された、バリア層12,22を備えてなる(図2,図3~10)。
図10に示される第9実施形態の波長変換部材1D-9は、図2に示させる第1実施形態の波長変換部材1D-1において、バリアオーバーコート層12cに酸化防止剤AOを含有させずに、波長変換層30中に酸化防止剤含有介在層40を中間層60として設けた態様である。
酸化防止剤含有介在層40を表面に備えた基板を用意し、表面に、少なくとも1種の量子ドットを含む重合性組成物からなる波長変換層(30,30G,30R)の前駆体層を隣接させて配置し、前駆体層を硬化させる本発明の波長変換部材の第1の製造方法、
基板上に、少なくとも1種の量子ドットを含む重合性組成物からなる波長変換層(30,30G,30R)の前駆体層30Mを配置し、前駆体層30Mを硬化させて硬化層とし、酸化防止剤含有介在層40を硬化層と隣接させて配置する第2の製造方法、または、これらの組み合わせにより製造することができる。ここで、基板とは、基材自身であってもよいし、基材上に各種機能層が積層された積層基板であってもよく、上記各実施形態によって基板の態様が異なるため符号は省略して記載してある。
以下では、支持体11,21上にバリア層12,22を備えた基材10,20(以下、バリアフィルム10,20とする)により未硬化の波長変換層の前駆体層30Mを挟持した状態で硬化させて波長変換部材1D-1を製造する場合を一例として説明する。
図11,図12を参照して以下に説明する。ただし、本発明は、下記態様に限定されるものではない。
以下に、波長変換部材1Dの各構成要素について説明する。
なお、各実施形態において、バリア層12,22は、支持体11,21上に形成されてなる態様について示してあるが、かかる態様に制限されるものではなく、支持体に形成されていないバリア層からなる態様等であってもよい。
ドットの平均幅は、好ましくは0.01mmから10mmの範囲であり、より好ましくは0.02mmから5mmの範囲である。この範囲であると、酸化防止剤が波長変換層に移行し機能を発現するのに必要な移動距離が少なく済み、輝度低下抑制効果の面内ムラが少ない波長変換部材を実現できる。
まず、酸化防止剤含有介在層40について説明する。酸化防止剤含有介在層40は、上記第1~第9実施形態に示されるように、バリアオーバーコート層12c及び/または22c、粘着剤層50、波長変換層30内に形成されてなる中間層60等であり、波長変換層(30,30R,30G)に隣接して形成されていれば特に制限されない。
酸化防止剤含有介在層40において、酸化防止剤AOは、酸化防止剤含有介在層40の全質量に対し、0.2質量%以上であることが好ましく、1質量%以上であることがより好ましく、2質量%以上であることがさらに好ましい。一方、酸化防止剤は酸素との間での相互作用により変質することがある。変質した酸化防止剤は量子ドット含有重合性組成物の分解を誘引することがあり、密着性低下、脆性悪化、量子ドット発光効率低下をもたらす。これらを防止する観点から20質量%以下であることが好ましく、15質量%以下であることがより好ましく、10質量%以下であることがさらに好ましい。
ROC(=O)(CH2)8C(=O)OR、ROC(=O)C(CH3)=CH2、R’OC(=O)C(CH3)=CH2、CH2(COOR)CH(COOR)CH(COOR)CH2COOR、CH2(COOR’)CH(COOR’)CH(COOR’)CH2COOR’、式3で表わされる化合物等。
波長変換層30は、有機マトリックス30P中に青色光LBにより励起されて蛍光(赤色光)LRを発光する量子ドット30Aと、青色光LBにより励起されて蛍光(緑色光)LGを発光する量子ドット30Bが分散されてなる。なお、図2において量子ドット30A,30Bは、視認しやすくするために大きく記載してあるが、実際は、例えば、波長変換層30の厚み50~100μmに対し、量子ドットの直径は2~7nm程度である。
量子ドット含有重合性組成物は、量子ドット30A,30B、及び、重合して有機マトリックス30Pとなる重合性化合物を含んでいる。量子ドット含有重合性組成物は、上記以外に、重合開始剤、シランカップリング剤等の他の成分を含むことができる。
量子ドットは発光特性の異なる二種以上の量子ドットを含むことができ、本実施形態において、量子ドットは、青色光LBにより励起されて蛍光(赤色光)LRを発光する量子ドット30Aと、青色光LBにより励起されて蛍光(緑色光)LGを発光する量子ドット30Bである。また、紫外光LUVにより励起されて蛍光(赤色光)LRを発光する量子ドット30Aと、紫外光LUVにより励起されて蛍光(緑色光)LGを発光する量子ドット30Bと、紫外光LUVにより励起されて蛍光(青色光)LBを発光する量子ドット30Cを含むこともできる。
量子ドット含有重合性組成物に含まれる重合性化合物としては特に制限されないが、ラジカル重合性化合物が好ましい。ラジカル重合性化合物としては、硬化後の硬化被膜の透明性、密着性等の観点からは、単官能又は多官能(メタ)アクリレートモノマーが好ましく、重合性を有していれば、かかるモノマーのプレポリマーやポリマーであってもよい。なお、本明細書において、「(メタ)アクリレート」との記載は、アクリレートとメタクリレートとの少なくとも一方、又は、いずれかの意味で用いるものとする。「(メタ)アクリロイル」等も同様である。
メチル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、イソノニル(メタ)アクリレート、n-オクチル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキル基の炭素数が1~30であるアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート等のアラルキル基の炭素数が7~20であるアラルキル(メタ)アクリレート;ブトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルコキシアルキル基の炭素数が2~30であるアルコキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;N,N-ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート等の(モノアルキル又はジアルキル)アミノアルキル基の総炭素数が1~20であるアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;ジエチレングリコールエチルエーテルの(メタ)アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールブチルエーテルの(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルの(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキサエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルの(メタ)アクリレート、オクタエチレングリコールのモノメチルエーテル(メタ)アクリレート、ノナエチレングリコールのモノメチルエーテル(メタ)アクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールのモノメチルエーテル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘプタプロピレングリコールのモノメチルエーテル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールのモノエチルエーテル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキレン鎖の炭素数が1~10で末端アルキルエーテルの炭素数が1~10のポリアルキレングリコールアルキルエーテルの(メタ)アクリレート;ヘキサエチレングリコールフェニルエーテルの(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキレン鎖の炭素数が1~30で末端アリールエーテルの炭素数が6~20のポリアルキレングリコールアリールエーテルの(メタ)アクリレート;シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンタニル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、メチレンオキシド付加シクロデカトリエン(メタ)アクリレート等の脂環構造を有する総炭素数4~30の(メタ)アクリレート;ヘプタデカフロロデシル(メタ)アクリレート等の総炭素数4~30のフッ素化アルキル(メタ)アクリレート;2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、3-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、4-ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールのモノ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキサエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、オクタプロピレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、グリセロールのモノ又はジ(メタ)アクリレート等の水酸基を有する(メタ)アクリレート;グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート等のグリシジル基を有する(メタ)アクリレート;テトラエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキサエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、オクタプロピレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキレン鎖の炭素数が1~30のポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート;(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-イソプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、アクリロイルモルホリン等の(メタ)アクリルアミドなどが挙げられる。なお、単官能(メタ)アクリレートモノマーは、これらに限定されるものではない。
2官能以上の(メタ)アクリレートモノマーのうち、2官能の(メタ)アクリレートモノマーとしては、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,9-ノナンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシピバリン酸ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンテニル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンテニルオキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンタニルジ(メタ)アクリレート等が好ましい例として挙げられる。
Mw/Fが200以下である(メタ)アクリレートモノマーとしては、具体的には、ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート、トリシクロデカンジメタノールジアクリレート等が挙げられる。
また、ラジカル重合性化合物は量子ドット含有重合性組成物の全量100質量部に対して、10~99.9質量部含まれていることが好ましく、50~99.9質量部含まれていることがより好ましく、92~99質量部含まれていることが特に好ましい。
量子ドット含有重合性組成物は、必要に応じて重合開始剤を含んでいてもよい。重合開始剤としては、量子ドット含有重合性組成物に含まれる重合性化合物の種類に応じて好適な重合開始剤を用いることが好ましい。重合性化合物がラジカル重合性である場合は、公知のラジカル開始剤を含んでいてもよい。重合開始剤については、例えば、特開2013-043382号公報段落0037を参照できる。重合開始剤は、量子ドット含有重合性組成物に含まれる重合性化合物の全質量の0.1モル%以上であることが好ましく、0.5~2モル%であることがより好ましい。
量子ドット含有重合性組成物は、更に、シランカップリング剤を含むことができる、シランカップリング剤を含む重合性組成物から形成される波長変換層は、シランカップリング剤により隣接する層との密着性が強固なものとなるため、より一層優れた耐光性を示すことができる。これは主に、波長変換層に含まれるシランカップリング剤が、加水分解反応や縮合反応により、隣接する層の表面や当該層の構成成分と共有結合を形成することによるものである。このとき、隣接する層として後述の無機バリア層を設けることも好ましい。また、シランカップリング剤がラジカル重合性基等の反応性官能基を有する場合、波長変換層を構成するモノマー成分と架橋構造を形成することも、波長変換層と隣接する層との密着性向上に寄与し得る。なお本明細書において、波長変換層に含まれるシランカップリング剤とは、上記のような反応後の形態のシランカップリング剤も含む意味で用いるものとする。
量子ドット重合性組成物は、必要に応じて溶媒を含んでいてもよい。この場合に使用される溶媒の種類及び添加量は、特に限定されない。例えば溶媒として、有機溶媒を一種又は二種以上混合して用いることができる。
バリアフィルム10,20は、水分及び/又は酸素の透過を抑制する機能を有するフィルムであり、本実施形態では、支持体11,21上にバリア層12,22をそれぞれ備えた構成を有している。かかる態様では、支持体の存在により、波長変換部材1Dの強度が向上され、且つ、容易に製膜を実施することができる。
なお、本実施形態ではバリア層12,22が支持体11,21により支持されてなるバリアフィルム10,20が、波長変換層30の両主面にバリア層12,22が隣接して備えられている波長変換部材について示してあるが、バリア層12,22は支持体11,21に支持されていなくてもよく、また、支持体11,21がバリア性を充分有している場合は、支持体11,21のみでバリア層を形成してもよい。
波長変換部材1Dにおいて、波長変換層30は、少なくとも一方の主表面が支持体11又は21によって支持されている。ここで「主表面」とは、波長変換部材使用時に視認側又はバックライト側に配置される波長変換層の表面(おもて面、裏面)をいう。他の層や部材についての主表面も、同様である。
波長変換層30は、本実施形態のように、波長変換層30の表裏の主表面を支持体11及び21によって支持されていることが好ましい。
波長変換部材1Dを作製した後、異物や欠陥の有無を検査する際、2枚の偏光板を消光位に配置し、その間に波長変換部材を差し込んで観察することで、異物や欠陥を見つけやすい。支持体のRe(589)が上記範囲であると、偏光板を用いた検査の際に、異物や欠陥をより見つけやすくなるため、好ましい。
ここで、Re(589)はKOBRA 21ADH、又はWR(王子計測機器(株)製)において、波長589nmの光をフィルム法線方向に入射させて測定される。測定波長λnmの選択にあたっては、波長選択フィルタをマニュアルで交換するか、又は測定値をプログラム等で変換して測定することができる。
支持体11,21は、波長変換層30側の面に接して形成されてなる少なくとも1層の無機バリア層12b,22bを含むバリア層12,22を備えてなることが好ましい。
バリア層12,22は、図2に示されるように、支持体11,21と無機バリア層12b,22bとの間に少なくとも1層の有機バリア層12a,22aを備えていてもよい。有機バリア層12a,22aは、無機バリア層12b,22bと波長変換層30との間に設けられていてもよいし、第1実施形態及び第2実施形態のように、3層目のバリア層として、無機バリア層22bと波長変換層30との間に設けられていてもよく、最も波長変換層30側の有機バリア層は、バリアオーバーコート層と称される。バリア層を複数の層から構成することは、より一層バリア性を高めることができるため、耐光性向上の観点から好ましい。また、バリアオーバーコート層22cを備えた構成では、バリア層の耐擦傷性向上効果、及び、高い剥離性の改良効果を更に得ることができる。第1~第5実施形態に示すように、バリアオーバーコート層12c,22cは、酸化防止剤含有介在層40として好適である。
「無機層」とは、無機材料を主成分とする層であり、好ましくは無機材料のみから形成される層である。
バリア層12,22に好適な無機バリア層12b,22bとしては、特に限定されず、金属、無機酸化物、窒化物、酸化窒化物等の各種無機化合物を用いることができる。無機材料を構成する元素としては、ケイ素、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、チタン、スズ、インジウム及びセリウムが好ましく、これらを一種又は二種以上含んでいてもよい。無機化合物の具体例としては、酸化ケイ素、酸化窒化ケイ素、酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化チタン、酸化スズ、酸化インジウム合金、窒化ケイ素、窒化アルミニウム、窒化チタンを挙げることができる。また、無機バリア層として、金属膜、例えば、アルミニウム膜、銀膜、錫膜、クロム膜、ニッケル膜、チタン膜を設けてもよい。
また、バリア層における光の吸収を抑制する観点からは、窒化ケイ素がもっとも好ましい。
有機層とは、有機材料を主成分とする層であって、好ましくは有機材料が50質量%以上、更には80質量%以上、特に90質量%以上を占める層を言うものとする。有機バリア層としては、特開2007-290369号公報段落0020~0042、特開2005-096108号公報段落0074~0105を参照できる。なお有機バリア層は、カルドポリマーを含むことが好ましい。これにより、有機バリア層と隣接する層との密着性、特に、無機バリア層とも密着性が良好になり、より一層優れたバリア性を実現することができるからである。カルドポリマーの詳細については、上述の特開2005-096108号公報段落0085~0095を参照できる。有機バリア層の膜厚は、0.05μm~10μmの範囲内であることが好ましく、中でも0.5~10μmの範囲内であることが好ましい。有機バリア層がウェットコーティング法により形成される場合には、有機バリア層の膜厚は、0.5~10μmの範囲内、中でも1μm~5μmの範囲内であることが好ましい。また、ドライコーティング法により形成される場合には、0.05μm~5μmの範囲内、中でも0.05μm~1μmの範囲内であることが好ましい。ウェットコーティング法又はドライコーティング法により形成される有機バリア層の膜厚が上述した範囲内であることにより、無機層との密着性をより良好なものとすることができるからである。
波長変換部材1Dにおいて、波長変換層、無機バリア層、有機バリア層、支持体は、この順に積層されていてもよく、無機バリア層と有機バリア層との間、二層の有機バリア層の間、又は二層の無機バリア層の間に、支持体を配して積層されていてもよい。
バリアフィルム10,20は、波長変換層30側の面と反対側の面に、凹凸構造を付与する凹凸付与層(マット層)を備えていることが好ましい。バリアフィルムがマット層を有していると、バリアフィルムのブロッキング性、滑り性を改良することができるため、好ましい。マット層は粒子を含有する層であることが好ましい。粒子としては、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化金属等の無機粒子、あるいは架橋高分子粒子等の有機粒子等が挙げられる。また、マット層は、バリアフィルムの波長変換層とは反対側の表面に設けられることが好ましいが、両面に設けられていてもよい。
第6実施形態のように、波長変換部材1Dは、粘着剤層50を備えていてもよい。粘着剤層50としては特に制限されないが、接着剤を硬化してなる層を好ましく挙げることができる。接着剤は、硬化性である限りにおいて、従来から偏光板の製造に使用されている各種のものを使用することができるが、耐候性や重合性などの観点から、紫外線等の活性エネルギー線により硬化する接着剤を含むことが好ましい。活性エネルギー線により硬化する接着剤の中でも、カチオン重合性の化合物、たとえばエポキシ化合物、より具体的には、特開2004-245925号公報に記載されるような、分子内に芳香環を有しないエポキシ化合物を、活性エネルギー線硬化性成分の一つとして含有する活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤が好ましい。また、活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤には、エポキシ化合物を代表例とするカチオン重合性化合物のほか、通常は重合開始剤、特に活性エネルギー線の照射によりカチオン種またはルイス酸を発生し、カチオン重合性化合物の重合を開始させるための光カチオン重合開始剤が配合される。さらに、加熱によって重合を開始させる熱カチオン重合開始剤、その他、光増感剤などの各種添加剤が配合されていてもよい。
第6実施形態に示すように、粘着剤層50は、酸化防止剤含有介在層40としても好適である。
波長変換部材1Dは、量子ドットの蛍光を効率よく外部に取り出すために光散乱機能を有することができる。光散乱機能は、波長変換層30内部に設けてもよいし、光散乱層として光散乱機能を有する層を別途設けてもよい。
光散乱層は、バリア層22の波長変換層30側の面に設けられていてもよいし、支持体の波長変換層とは反対側の面に設けられていてもよい。上記マット層を設ける場合は、マット層を、凹凸付与層と光散乱層とを兼用できる層とすることが好ましい。
既に述べたように、図1に示されるバックライトユニット2は、一次光(青色光LB)を出射する光源1Aと光源1Aから出射された一次光を導光させて出射させる導光板1Bとからなる面状光源1Cと、面状光源1C上に備えられてなる波長変換部材1Dと、波長変換部材1Dを挟んで面状光源1Cと対向配置される再帰反射性部材2Bと、面状光源1Cを挟んで波長変換部材1Dと対向配置される反射板2Aとを備えており、波長変換部材1Dは、面状光源1Cから出射された一次光LBの少なくとも一部を励起光として、蛍光を発光し、この蛍光からなる二次光(LG,LR)及び励起光とならなかった一次光LBを出射するものである。
同様の観点から、バックライトユニット2が発光する緑色光の波長帯域は、520~560nmであることが好ましく、520~545nmであることがより好ましい。
また、同様の観点から、バックライトユニットが発光する赤色光の波長帯域は、600~680nmであることが好ましく、610~640nmであることがより好ましい。
なお、本実施形態では、光源として面状光源を用いた場合を例に説明したが、光源としては面状光源以外の光源も使用することができる。
バックライトユニットの構成としては、図1では、導光板や反射板などを構成部材とするエッジライト方式について説明したが、直下型方式であっても構わない。導光板としては、公知のものを何ら制限なく使用することができる。
上述のバックライトユニット2は液晶表示装置に応用することができる。図13に示されるように、液晶表示装置4は上記実施形態のバックライトユニット2から出射される光が入射される液晶セルユニット3とを備えてなる。
支持体としてポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(東洋紡社製、商品名「コスモシャイン(登録商標)A4300」、厚さ50μm)を用いて、支持体の片面側に以下の手順で有機層および無機層を順次形成した。
トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(製品名「TMPTA」、ダイセル・オルネクス(株)製)および光重合開始剤(商品名「ESACURE(登録商標) KTO46」、ランベルティ社製、)を用意し、質量比率として95:5となるように秤量し、これらをメチルエチルケトンに溶解させ、固形分濃度15%の塗布液とした。この塗布液を、ダイコーターを用いてロールトウロールにてPETフィルム上に塗布し、50℃の乾燥ゾーンを3分間通過させた。その後、窒素雰囲気下で紫外線を照射(積算照射量約600mJ/cm2)し、紫外線硬化にて硬化させ、巻き取った。支持体上に形成された有機層の厚さは、1μmであった。
次に、ロールトウロールのCVD装置を用いて、有機層の表面に無機層(窒化ケイ素層)を形成した。原料ガスとして、シランガス(流量160sccm)、アンモニアガス(流量370sccm)、水素ガス(流量590sccm)、および窒素ガス(流量240sccm)を用いた。電源として、周波数13.56MHzの高周波電源を用いた。製膜圧力は40Pa、到達膜厚は50nmであった。このようにして支持体上に形成された有機層の表面に無機層が積層されたフィルムを作製した。
ウレタン骨格アクリルポリマー(大成ファインケミカル社製 アクリット8BR500)と光重合開始剤(BASF社製、Irgacure184)を質量比率として95:5となるように秤量し、これらをメチルエチルケトンに溶解させ、固形分濃度15%の塗布液を調製して第1バリアオーバーコート層用塗布液とした。
また、第1バリアオーバーコート層用塗布液に対し、1.0質量%の濃度で酸化防止剤を添加して第2バリアオーバーコート層用塗布液とした。添加した酸化防止剤は、表1に記載の各例の酸化防止剤とした。
調製した第1バリアオーバーコート層用塗布液を、上記バリアフィルム1の無機層の表面にダイコーターを用いてロールトウロールで塗布し、100℃の乾燥ゾーンを3分間通過させてオーバーコート層を形成した後巻き取り、第1オーバーコート層つきバリアフィルム1を作製した。また、同様にして、調製した第2バリアオーバーコート層用塗布液を用いて第2オーバーコート層(酸化防止剤含有)つきバリアフィルム2を作製した。支持体上に形成されたオーバーコート層の厚さは、1μmであった。
-光散乱層形成用重合性組成物の調製-
光散乱粒子として、シリコーン樹脂粒子(モメンティブ社製 トスパール120、平均粒子サイズ2.0μm)150gおよびポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)粒子 (積水化学社製 テクポリマー、平均粒子サイズ8μm)40gをメチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)550gでまず1時間ほど攪拌し、分散させて分散液を得た。得られた分散液に、アクリレート系化合物(大阪有機合成社製 Viscoat700HV)50g、アクリレート系化合物(大成ファインケミカル社製 8BR500)40gを加え、更に攪拌した。光重合開始剤(BASF社製 イルガキュア(登録商標)819)1.5gおよびフッ素系界面活性剤(3M社製 FC4430)0.5gを更に添加して塗布液(光散乱層形成用重合性組成物)を調製した。
上記の第1オーバーコート層つきバリアフィルム1のPETフィルム表面が塗布面になるように、上記塗布液をダイコーターにて塗布した。湿潤(Wet)塗布量を送液ポンプで調整し、塗布量25cc/m2で塗布を行った(乾燥膜で12μm程度になるように厚みを調整した)。60℃の乾燥ゾーンを3分間で通過させた後に30℃に調整したバックアップロールに巻き付け600mJ/cm2の紫外線で硬化した後に巻き取った。こうして、光散乱層積層バリアフィルム1-Aを得た。同様にして、第2オーバーコート層(酸化防止剤含有)つきバリアフィルム2を用いて、光散乱層積層バリアフィルム2-Aを得た。
-マット層形成用重合性組成物の調製-
マット層の凹凸を形成する粒子として、シリコーン樹脂粒子(モメンティブ社製 トスパール2000b、平均粒子サイズ6.0μm)190gをメチルエチルケトン(MEK)4700gでまず1時間ほど攪拌し、分散させて分散液を得た。得られた分散液に、アクリレート系化合物(新中村化学工業社製 A-DPH)430g、アクリレート系化合物(大成ファインケミカル社製 8BR930)800gを加え、更に攪拌した。光重合開始剤(BASF社製イルガキュア(登録商標)184)40gを添加して塗布液を調製した。
上記の第1オーバーコート層つきバリアフィルム1のPETフィルム表面が塗布面になるように、上記塗布液をダイコーターにて塗布した。湿潤(Wet)塗布量を送液ポンプで調整し、塗布量10cc/m2 で塗布を行った。80℃の乾燥ゾーンを3分間で通過させた後に30℃に調整したバックアップロールに巻き付け600mJ/cm2の紫外線で硬化した後に巻き取った。硬化後に形成されたマット層の厚さは3~6μm程度であり、最大断面高さRt(JIS B0601に基づいて測定)が1~3μm程度の表面粗さを有していた。こうして、凹凸層積層バリアフィルム1-Bを得た。同様にして、第2オーバーコート層(酸化防止剤含有)つきバリアフィルム2を用いて、凹凸層積層バリアフィルム2-Bを得た。
下記組成の組成物を調製し、孔径0.2μmのポリプロピレン製フィルタでろ過した後、30分間減圧乾燥して量子ドット含有重合性組成物1~4とした。下記において、発光極大波長535nmの量子ドット1のトルエン分散液として、NN-ラボズ社製CZ520-100を用い、また、発光極大波長630nmの量子ドット2のトルエン分散液として、NN-ラボズ社製CZ620-100を用いた。これらはいずれもコアとしてCdSe、シェルとしてZnS、及び配位子としてオクタデシルアミンを用いた量子ドットであり、トルエンに3重量%の濃度で分散されている。以下の組成物の組成表において、量子ドット1、2のトルエン分散液の量子ドット濃度は1質量%である。
なお、本実施例及び比較例では、便宜上、量子ドット含有重合性組成物を、酸化防止剤を含まない状態のものとし、酸化防止剤及びその含有量は、表1に記載のように、前駆体層中の成分として示してある。
量子ドット1のトルエン分散液(発光極大:535nm) 10質量部
量子ドット2のトルエン分散液(発光極大:630nm) 1質量部
ラウリルメタクリレート 80.8質量部
トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート 18.2質量部
光重合開始剤(イルガキュア819(BASF社製)) 1質量部
量子ドット1のトルエン分散液(発光極大:535nm) 10質量部
量子ドット2にトルエン分散液(発光極大:630nm) 1質量部
脂環式エポキシ化合物I 99質量部
光カチオン重合開始剤(ヨードニウム塩化合物)A 1質量部
量子ドット1のトルエン分散液(発光極大:535nm) 10質量部
ラウリルメタクリレート 80.8質量部
トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート 18.2質量部
光重合開始剤(イルガキュア819(BASF社製)) 1質量部
量子ドット2のトルエン分散液(発光極大:630nm) 10質量部
ラウリルメタクリレート 80.8質量部
トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート 18.2質量部
光重合開始剤(イルガキュア819(BASF社製)) 1質量部
各例の酸化防止剤を含有する第2バリアオーバーコート層つき凹凸層積層バリアフィルム2-Bを用意し、1m/分、60N/mの張力で連続搬送しながら、第2バリアオーバーコート層面上に、表1に記載される各例の酸化防止剤含有量子ドット含有重合性組成物をダイコーターにて塗布し、50μmの厚さの塗膜を形成した。次いで、塗膜の形成されたバリアフィルムをバックアップローラに巻きかけ、塗膜の上に第1バリアオーバーコート層つき光散乱層積層バリアフィルム1-Aを第1バリアオーバーコート層面が塗膜に接する向きでラミネートし、その後、バリアフィルムで塗膜を挟持した状態でバックアップローラに巻きかけ、連続搬送しながら紫外線を照射した。
第1バリアオーバーコート層つき凹凸層積層バリアフィルム1-Bを用意し、1m/分、60N/mの張力で連続搬送しながら、第1バリアオーバーコート層面上に、表1に記載の酸化防止剤含有量子ドット含有重合性組成物1をダイコーターにて塗布し、50μmの厚さの塗膜を形成した。次いで、塗膜の形成されたバリアフィルムをバックアップローラに巻きかけ、塗膜の上に各例の酸化防止剤を含有する第2バリアオーバーコート層つき光散乱層積層バリアフィルム2-Aを、第2バリアオーバーコート層面が塗膜に接する向きでラミネートし、その後、バリアフィルムで塗膜を挟持した状態でバックアップローラに巻きかけ、連続搬送しながら紫外線を照射した。バックアップローラの直径や温度、紫外線照射量、L1,L2,L3の条件は実施例1と同様とした。積層フィルムの硬化層の厚みは50±2μmであった。硬化層の厚み精度は±4%と良好であった。また、積層フィルムにはシワの発生が見られなかった。
第2バリアオーバーコート層つき凹凸層積層バリアフィルム2-Bを用意し、1m/分、60N/mの張力で連続搬送しながら、第2バリアオーバーコート層面上に、表1に記載の酸化防止剤含有量子ドット含有重合性組成物1をダイコーターにて塗布し、50μmの厚さの塗膜を形成した。次いで、塗膜の形成されたバリアフィルムをバックアップローラに巻きかけ、塗膜の上に各例の酸化防止剤を含有する第2バリアオーバーコート層つき光散乱層積層バリアフィルム2-Aを、第2バリアオーバーコート層面が塗膜に接する向きでラミネートし、その後、バリアフィルムで塗膜を挟持した状態でバックアップローラに巻きかけ、連続搬送しながら紫外線を照射した。バックアップローラの直径や温度、紫外線照射量、L1,L2,L3の条件は実施例1と同様とした。積層フィルムの硬化層の厚みは50±2μmであった。硬化層の厚み精度は±4%と良好であった。また、積層フィルムにはシワの発生が見られなかった。
第2バリアオーバーコート層つき凹凸層積層バリアフィルム2-Bを用意し、1m/分、60N/mの張力で連続搬送しながら、第2バリアオーバーコート層面上に、表1に記載の酸化防止剤含有量子ドット含有重合性組成物3をダイコーターにて塗布し、50μmの厚さの塗膜を形成した。次いで、塗膜の形成されたバリアフィルムをバックアップローラに巻きかけ、連続搬送しながら紫外線を照射して塗膜を硬化させて波長変換層付きバリアフィルムを得た。また、第2バリアオーバーコート層つき光散乱層積層バリアフィルム2-Aを用意し、1m/分、60N/mの張力で連続搬送しながら、第2バリアオーバーコート層面上に、表1に記載の酸化防止剤含有量子ドット含有重合性組成物4をダイコーターにて塗布し、50μmの厚さの塗膜を形成した。次いで、塗膜の形成されたバリアフィルムをバックアップローラに巻きかけ、塗膜の上に作製した波長変換層付きバリアフィルムを、波長変換層が塗膜に接する向きでラミネートし、その後、バリアフィルムで塗膜を挟持した状態でバックアップローラに巻きかけ、連続搬送しながら紫外線を照射した。バックアップローラの直径や温度、紫外線照射量、L1,L2,L3の条件は実施例1と同様とした。積層フィルムの硬化層の厚みは50±2μmであった。硬化層の厚み精度は±4%と良好であった。また、積層フィルムにはシワの発生が見られなかった。
実施例14の作成方法において、量子ドット含有重合性組成物3と4とを入れ換えた以外は実施例14と同様にして波長変換部材を作製した。
比較例として、以下の層構成の波長変換部材を作製した。比較例1~4では量子ドット含有組成物1を使用し、比較例5~8では量子ドット含有組成物2を使用した。
比較例1~3および5~7では酸化防止剤を含まない波長変換層、比較例4および8では酸化防止剤を含む波長変換層を用いた。
C-1:第1バリアオーバーコート層つき光散乱層積層バリアフィルム1-A/波長変換層/第1バリアオーバーコート層つき凹凸層積層バリアフィルム1-B
C―2:第2バリアオーバーコート層つき光散乱層積層バリアフィルム2-A/波長変換層/第1バリアオーバーコート層つき凹凸層積層バリアフィルム1-B
C-3:第2バリアオーバーコート層つき光散乱層積層バリアフィルム2-A/波長変換層/第2バリアオーバーコート層つき凹凸層積層バリアフィルム2-B
C-4:第1バリアオーバーコート層つき光散乱層積層バリアフィルム1-A/波長変換層(酸化防止剤含有)/第1バリアオーバーコート層つき凹凸層積層バリアフィルム1-B
下記組成の組成物を調整し、スタティックミキサーで混合して中間層用酸化防止剤含有重合性組成物を調整した。酸化防止剤は、中間層用酸化防止剤含有重合性組成物の100重量部に対して、表2に記載の材料及び添加量で添加した。
トリシクロデカンジメタノールジメタクリレート 50質量部
ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(平均分子量1136) 50質量部
表2に記載の酸化防止剤
重光重合開始剤(イルガキュア819(BASF社製)) 1質量部
前述の光拡散層積層バリアフィルム1-A(オーバーコート層に添加した酸化防止剤は表2の通り)のオーバーコート層上に上記で調整した中間層用酸化防止剤含有重合性組成物をスクリーン印刷により表2に示す直径を有する円柱状のドットパターン(図15における1D-11の要領)で設けた。その後光照射して硬化させ、所定の形状を有する中間層(介在層)のパターン構造物を設けた。さらに、パターン間を充填するように、表2に記載の量子ドット含有重合性組成物1および2と酸化防止剤との混合物を塗布し、80℃10分間乾燥させた後、前述の凹凸層積層バリアフィルム2-B(オーバーコート層に添加した酸化防止剤は表2のとおり)をオーバーコート側が波長変換層側となるように積層し、200W/cmの空冷メタルハライドランプ(アイグラフィック製)を用いて1000mJ/cm2の露光量で紫外線照射し、波長変換層の平均厚みが50μmの波長変換部材を得た。各実施例における各層の素材および厚み、幅などの数値を表2に示す。
上述の第10実施様態の波長変換部材の作成において、中間層用酸化防止剤含有重合性組成物の塗設を、表3に記載の直径を有する円柱状の空隙を有するリバース網点パターン(図15における1D-10の要領)に代えた以外は同様の工程を経て、第11実施様態の波長変換部材を得た。結果を表3に示す。
-低重合度成分の評価-
各実施例における波長変換層の作製方法から、量子ドット組成物を除いた組成物を用意し、各実施例と同様の条件にて、組成物をダイコーターにて塗布し、50μmの厚さの塗膜を形成した。バックアップローラの直径や温度、紫外線照射量、L1,L2,L3の条件は実施例1と同様とした。
作製した塗膜からバリアフィルムを剥離し、組成物硬化膜0.1gをかき取り、低重合度成分評価のサンプルとした。
サンプル中の低重合度成分の質量比をPとし、評価値とした。
評価基準
1質量%≧P :5(Excellent)
3質量%≧P>1質量% :4(Good)
5質量%≧P>3質量% :3(Fair)
10質量%≧P>5質量% :2(No Good)
P>10質量%:1(bad)
市販のタブレット端末(Amazon社製、Kindle Fire HDX 7”)を分解し、バックライトユニットを取り出した。取り出したバックライトユニットの導光板上に矩形に切り出した各例の波長変換部材を置き、その上に表面凹凸パターンの向きが直交した2枚のプリズムシートを重ね置いた。青色光源から発し、波長変換部材及び2枚のプリズムシートを透過した光の輝度を、導光板の面に対して垂直方向740mmの位置に設置した輝度計(SR3、TOPCON社製)で測定した。なお測定は、波長変換部材の隅から内側5mmの位置を測定し、4隅での測定の平均値(Y0)を評価値とした。
結果を表1~表3に示す。
10: 15500≦Y0
9: 15000≦Y0<15500
8: 14500≦Y0<15000
7: 14000≦Y0<14500
6: 13500≦Y0<14000
5: 13000≦Y0<13500
4: 12500≦Y0<13000
3: 12000≦Y0<12500
2: 11500≦Y0<12000
1: Y0<11500
25℃60%RHに保たれた部屋で、市販の青色光源(OPTEX-FA株式会社製、OPSM-H150X142B)上に各例の波長変換部材を置き、波長変換部材に対して青色光を100時間連続で照射した。
連続照射後の波長変換部材の4隅の輝度(Y1)を、連続照射前の輝度の評価と同様の方法で測定し、下式記載の連続照射前の輝度Y0との変化率(ΔY)を取って輝度変化の指標とした。結果を表1~表3に示す。
ΔY=(Y0-Y1)÷Y0×100
10: ΔY<10
9: 10≦ΔY<12
8: 12≦ΔY<14
7: 14≦ΔY<16
6: 16≦ΔY<18
5: 18≦ΔY<21
4: 21≦ΔY<24
3: 24≦ΔY<27
2: 27≦ΔY<30
1: 30≦ΔY
上述した耐久輝度劣化の評価の直後、連続照射後の波長変換部材の端部四辺を、青光照射下顕微カメラで撮影し、波長変換部材端面から、波長変換層の発光が確認される領域の最外線までの距離(mm)を計測した。結果を表4に示す。
得られた実施例および比較例の波長変換部材の四隅に対し、端面から内側に5mm離れた部位で接触式のシックネスゲージを用いて、膜厚を測定した。これを10サンプル行って、計40サンプルのデータを得て、それらの標準偏差σを求め、以下指標で判断した。
結果を表2に示す。
5: σ≦0.3
4: 0.3<σ≦0.5
3: 0.5<σ≦1.0
2: 1.0<σ≦3.0
1: 3.0<σ
1D-1~1D-11 波長変換部材
2 バックライトユニット
2A 反射板
3 液晶セルユニット
4 液晶表示装置
10,20 バリアフィルム
11,21 支持体
12,22 バリア層
12a,22a 有機バリア層
12b,22b 無機バリア層
12c,22c バリアオーバーコート層
13 凹凸付与層(マット層、光拡散層)
30 波長変換層
30A,30B 量子ドット
30P 有機マトリックス
40 酸化防止剤含有介在層
AO 酸化防止剤
50 粘着剤層
LB 励起光(一次光、青色光)
LR 赤色光(二次光、蛍光)
LG 緑色光(二次光、蛍光)
Claims (16)
- 励起光により励起されて蛍光を発光する少なくとも1種の量子ドットと酸化防止剤を含む波長変換層と、
該波長変換層に隣接して形成されてなる少なくとも1層の介在層と、
前記波長変換層の少なくとも一方の面側に形成されてなるバリア層と、を備えた波長変換部材であって、
前記介在層の少なくとも1層が、前記酸化防止剤を含有する酸化防止剤含有介在層である波長変換部材。 - 前記波長変換層が、重合度が2以上4以下の低重合度成分を含み、該低重合度成分の前記波長変換層中の含有量5質量%以下である請求項1記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記酸化防止剤が、ラジカル阻害剤、金属不活性化剤、一重項酸素消去剤、スーパーオキシド消去剤、およびヒドロキシラジカル消去剤のうち少なくとも1種である請求項1または2記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記酸化防止剤が、ヒンダードフェノール化合物、ヒンダードアミン化合物、キノン化合物、ヒドロキノン化合物、トリフェロール化合物、アスパラギン酸化合物、およびチオール化合物のうち少なくとも1種である請求項1~3いずれか1項記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記酸化防止剤が、クエン酸化合物、アスコルビン酸化合物、およびトコフェロール化合物のうち少なくとも1種である請求項3または4記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記酸化防止剤含有介在層が、前記バリア層と前記波長変換層との間に形成されてなる請求項1記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記波長変換層と前記酸化防止剤含有介在層とが同一平面上に存在する領域を少なくとも一部備え、この領域内において、前記波長変換層が前記介在層によって区画されて散在するか、または、前記介在層が前記波長変換層によって区画されて散在するかのいずれかである、請求項1記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記波長変換層と前記酸化防止剤含有介在層とのうち、区画されて散在する側の層のドットの平均幅が、0.05~1.0mmの範囲であり、かつ、波長変換層を少なくとも含む立体領域における前記波長変換層の体積Vwと前記介在層の体積Voで計算される体積率Vw/(Vw+Vo)が0.2~0.8の範囲である請求項7記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記バリア層が、ケイ素酸化物、ケイ素窒化物、ケイ素炭化物、またはアルミニウム酸化物を含む請求項1~8いずれか1項記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記バリア層の酸素透過率が0.1cm3/(m2・Day・atm)以下である請求項1~9いずれか1項記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記バリア層が、前記波長変換層の両面に備えられてなる請求項1~10いずれか1項記載の波長変換部材。
- 前記酸化防止剤含有介在層が、前記波長変換層の両面に隣接して形成されてなる請求項1~11いずれか1項記載の波長変換部材。
- 請求項1~12いずれか1項記載の波長変換部材と、
該波長変換部材に入射させる一次光を出射する光源とを備えるバックライトユニット。 - 請求項13に記載のバックライトユニットと、
該バックライトユニットから出射された光が入射される液晶セルユニットとを備えてなる液晶表示装置。 - 請求項1~12いずれか1項記載の波長変換部材の製造方法であって、
前記酸化防止剤含有介在層を表面に備えた基板を用意し、
前記表面に、前記少なくとも1種の量子ドットを含む重合性組成物からなる前記波長変換層の前駆体層を隣接させて配置し、
該前駆体層を硬化させる波長変換部材の製造方法。 - 請求項1~12いずれか1項記載の波長変換部材の製造方法であって、
基板上に、前記少なくとも1種の量子ドットを含む重合性組成物からなる前記波長変換層の前駆体層を配置し、
該前駆体層を硬化させて硬化層とし、
前記酸化防止剤含有介在層を前記硬化層と隣接させて配置する波長変換部材の製造方法。
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JP2018124413A (ja) * | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-09 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 光波長変換シート、バックライト装置、画像表示装置、光波長変換組成物、および光波長変換部材 |
JP2018128590A (ja) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-16 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 光波長変換組成物、光波長変換部材、光波長変換シート、バックライト装置、および画像表示装置 |
WO2018182340A1 (ko) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | 주식회사 네패스 | 퀀텀닷 반사시트, 이의 제조 방법, 이를 포함하는 백라이트 유닛 및 표시 장치 |
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CN107615113A (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
JP6506392B2 (ja) | 2019-04-24 |
KR20170140295A (ko) | 2017-12-20 |
US20180072949A1 (en) | 2018-03-15 |
KR101970168B1 (ko) | 2019-04-19 |
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US10273408B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 |
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