WO2016147950A1 - 流動床反応器に触媒を充填する方法及びニトリル化合物の製造方法 - Google Patents
流動床反応器に触媒を充填する方法及びニトリル化合物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016147950A1 WO2016147950A1 PCT/JP2016/057143 JP2016057143W WO2016147950A1 WO 2016147950 A1 WO2016147950 A1 WO 2016147950A1 JP 2016057143 W JP2016057143 W JP 2016057143W WO 2016147950 A1 WO2016147950 A1 WO 2016147950A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
- B01J8/0025—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor by an ascending fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
- B01J8/0055—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream using cyclones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/24—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons
- C07C253/26—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons containing carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds, e.g. unsaturated aldehydes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C255/06—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic and unsaturated carbon skeleton
- C07C255/07—Mononitriles
- C07C255/08—Acrylonitrile; Methacrylonitrile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00716—Means for reactor start-up
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00743—Feeding or discharging of solids
- B01J2208/00752—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/308—Details relating to random packing elements filling or discharging the elements into or from packed columns
- B01J2219/3086—Filling of the packing elements into the column or vessel, e.g. using a tube
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to, for example, a method of filling a fluidized bed reactor in a fluidized bed reactor used for hydrocarbon gas phase oxidation reaction and a method of producing a nitrile compound.
- a fluidized bed catalyst is used for the ammoxidation reaction.
- an optimized composition, preparation method, shape, particle size, density, and activity have been developed so that the performance of a fluidized bed catalyst can be fully demonstrated. Yes.
- Non-patent Document 1 Non-patent Document 1
- Patent Document 3 As for the method for filling the fluidized bed catalyst, a method of raising the temperature in an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen and / or flammable gas (Patent Documents 1 and 2), a gas discharged from the process after the reactor is used. An effective method (Patent Document 3) is known.
- the reaction is carried out with the gas flow rate in the reactor equal to or higher than the terminal velocity of the fluidized bed catalyst, so a part of the fine powder of the fluidized bed catalyst from the fluidized bed reactor is in the reaction tower. Entrained by gas and scattered outside the reactor. For this reason, a reaction method that maintains a good catalyst flow state over a long period of time is generally adopted by replenishing the catalyst containing a large amount of fine powder during the reaction and maintaining the catalyst particle size distribution in the reactor within a preferable range. (Patent Document 4).
- JP 2001-55355 A International Publication 2012/096367 Pamphlet JP 2002-53519 A JP-A-63-36831
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 aim to reduce oxygen and combustible gases that adversely affect the catalyst, the apparatus, and safety. Moreover, in patent document 4, it is aimed at maintaining the fluid state of a catalyst favorably after starting a reaction.
- a gas to be introduced into the reactor may be used when the fluid bed reactor is filled with the catalyst.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 do not describe the flow rate of the gas. That is, for the purpose of improving the reaction performance of the catalyst, the optimization of the gas flow rate in the reactor when the fluid bed reactor is filled with the catalyst has not been studied.
- the inventors of the present application examined the gas flow rate in the reactor and found the following.
- the catalyst filling can be completed in a short time by increasing the gas flow rate in the reactor during the catalyst filling.
- the scattering amount of the catalyst particularly fine powder increases, and the possibility of occurrence of plant operation troubles such as blockage of piping due to the scattered catalyst increases.
- the amount of catalyst scattering can be suppressed by slowing the gas flow rate and increasing the catalyst filling time. However, it takes a long time to complete the filling of the catalyst, and the energy cost for the flammable gas used when preheating the gas introduced into the reactor becomes excessive.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and by suppressing the amount of catalyst scattered outside the reactor and filling the catalyst in a shorter time, a higher yield reaction can be achieved.
- the goal is to be efficient.
- the inventor of the present application diligently studied a method for charging a fluidized bed catalyst into a fluidized bed reactor. As a result, by performing an operation to increase the gas flow rate after starting the catalyst filling, the amount of catalyst scattered outside the reactor is suppressed, and a high target product yield is obtained without causing deterioration of the flow state of the catalyst. It has been found that the reaction can be performed at a high rate, and the present invention has been achieved. It has also been found that the gas flow rate can be increased after a certain amount of catalyst is filled in the dipreg which is a catalyst introduction pipe of a cyclone (catalyst collector).
- a method of filling a fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention with a catalyst (hereinafter referred to as “catalyst charging method according to the present invention”) is an effective disconnection of the fluidized bed reactor.
- the area is B [m 2 ]
- the temperature in the fluidized bed reactor is T [° C.]
- the total flow rate of the gas introduced into the fluidized bed reactor is F [Nm 3 / h]
- the charging of the catalyst into the fluidized bed reactor is started at the gas flow rate U in the fluidized bed reactor obtained by substituting the top pressure as P [kPa] into the following formula (1), and then It is characterized by including a step of increasing U.
- the value of T is more preferably 100 to 500 ° C. Further, in the catalyst filling method according to the present invention, it is more preferable that U is increased by increasing F.
- a catalyst return unit is provided in the fluidized bed reactor, and the catalyst return unit is perpendicular to the position where the catalyst recovered in the fluidized bed reactor is recovered.
- the amount of catalyst is returned from the lower position into the fluidized bed reactor, and the amount of catalyst is calculated from the difference in pressure between at least two different positions in the vertical direction inside the catalyst return section. It is more preferable to increase the U when a predetermined value is reached.
- the catalyst filling method according to the present invention can be suitably employed in a form in which the catalyst is a catalyst for producing a nitrile compound.
- the method for producing a nitrile compound according to the present invention is characterized by including a step of performing the above-described catalyst filling method according to the present invention.
- the flow state of the catalyst is kept good, hot spots are not generated, and energy is There is an effect that the cost can be reduced and a higher yield reaction can be performed with higher efficiency.
- the effective cross-sectional area of the fluidized bed reactor is B [m 2 ]
- the temperature in the fluidized bed reactor is T [° C.]
- the total flow rate of the gas introduced into the fluidized bed reactor is Is F [Nm 3 / h]
- the top pressure in the fluidized bed reactor is P [kPa], and is obtained by substituting into the following formula (1), the flow rate at the gas flow rate U in the fluidized bed reactor. Starting the charging of the catalyst into the bed reactor and then increasing the U.
- the gas flow rate U [m / s] in the fluidized bed reactor is set to “gas flow rate U”
- the effective sectional area of the fluidized bed reactor is set to B [m 2 ] “effective sectional area B”
- the fluidized bed reaction is set to “temperature T”
- the gas introduced into the fluidized bed reactor is “introduction gas”
- the total flow rate F [Nm 3 / h] of the introduction gas is “total flow rate F of the introduction gas”
- the top pressure P [kPa] in the fluidized bed reactor may be referred to as “top pressure P”.
- the packed catalyst from being scattered outside the fluidized bed reactor by increasing the gas flow rate U in the fluidized bed reactor during the catalyst filling process after starting the catalyst filling. it can.
- the smaller the catalyst particle size the easier it is to fly out of the fluidized bed reactor. If the scattered catalyst is biased toward a particle having a small particle size, the particle size distribution is changed as compared with that before the catalyst is packed, and the flow state of the catalyst is deteriorated.
- the target product can be obtained in a high yield by the subsequent reaction. Further, since the filling can be completed in a short time, the catalyst can be efficiently charged in the fluidized bed reactor.
- the fluid state of the catalyst is kept good. Furthermore, since the fluid state is maintained well, the occurrence of temperature spots (hot spots) is suppressed even in the subsequent reaction of producing the target product. In addition, since the filling can be completed in a short time, the energy cost can be reduced.
- the catalyst filling method according to the present invention can be suitably applied to filling a catalyst when synthesizing nitriles by ammoxidation of a hydrocarbon having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the present invention is more suitably applied as a catalyst filling method for the synthesis of acrylonitrile by the ammoxidation reaction of propylene and / or propane, and the synthesis of methacrylonitrile by the ammoxidation reaction of isobutylene and / or isobutane.
- the catalyst filling method according to the present invention includes a step of increasing the gas flow rate U represented by the above formula (1).
- the gas flow rate in the fluidized bed reactor is a value obtained by dividing the flow rate of the introduced gas by the effective sectional area and correcting the temperature and pressure.
- U As a specific value range of U, 0.07 m / s or more is preferable, 0.10 m / s or more is more preferable, 0.46 m / s or less is preferable, and 0.43 m / s or less is more preferable.
- the larger the gas flow rate in the reactor the faster the reactor can be filled with the catalyst and the higher the productivity of the reaction.
- the scattering of the catalyst during the filling of a catalyst can be suppressed, and the fall of the temperature in a reactor can be suppressed, so that the gas flow rate in a reactor is small.
- the effective sectional area B refers to an area obtained by subtracting the sectional area of the interior from the sectional area when the fluidized bed reactor is cut in the horizontal direction.
- the effective cross-sectional area is, for example, a cross-sectional area in a portion (reaction portion or concentrated layer) where the reaction between the source gas and the catalyst occurs above the position (height) at which the source gas to be described later is introduced (height). It means the cross-sectional area obtained by reducing the cross-sectional area of interior objects such as diplegs.
- the size of the fluidized bed reactor used in the catalyst filling method according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but for industrial production, the effective sectional area of the reactor is usually within the range of 10 to 200 m 2 . If it is in the said range, productivity of a target product can be made high, so that an effective cross-sectional area is large. Moreover, if it is in the said range, operativity of apparatuses, such as temperature control, can be improved, so that an effective area is small.
- the temperature T is determined by measuring the temperature in the fluidized bed reactor. What is necessary is just to make a measurement location into the part (reaction part or rich layer) where reaction with a catalyst above the position (height) which introduces the source gas mentioned later, for example.
- the temperature T is the temperature after the change, if the temperature is changed by performing the process of increasing the gas flow rate U.
- the equation (1) is obtained by multiplying the flow rate (F / B) of the introduced gas per unit effective sectional area, which is obtained by dividing the total flow rate F of the introduced gas by the effective sectional area B, by (273 + T) / 273. Thus, the influence of temperature change is corrected.
- the influence of the change in temperature may be, for example, a change in gas volume due to a change in temperature, and a change in flow velocity. Therefore, the gas flow rate U can be increased also by changing the temperature T. For example, the gas flow rate U can be increased by increasing the temperature T. “273” is an approximate value of a value for calculating the Celsius temperature (° C.) by the thermodynamic temperature (K).
- the temperature T in the fluidized bed reactor at the time of catalyst filling in the fluidized bed catalyst charging method of the present invention is usually in the range of 100 to 500 ° C. Within the above range, the higher the temperature, the sooner the reaction can be started after filling, and the better the flow state of the catalyst. Moreover, if it is in the said range, the fuel cost per unit time used for the heating of the gas introduced into a fluidized bed reactor during catalyst filling can be restrained low, so that temperature is low.
- the top pressure P is determined by measuring the pressure at the top of the fluidized bed reactor.
- the tower top pressure P is the tower top pressure after the change, if the temperature is changed by performing the process of increasing the gas flow rate U.
- the equation (1) corrects the influence of the change in pressure by dividing the flow rate (F / B) of the introduced gas per unit effective cross-sectional area by (101 + P) / 101.
- the influence of the change in pressure may be, for example, a change in gas volume due to a change in pressure, and a change in flow velocity. Therefore, the gas flow rate U can be increased also by changing the tower top pressure P. For example, the gas flow rate U can be increased by decreasing the tower top pressure P.
- “101” is an approximate value of a value for calculating a value whose unit is Pascal at the standard atmospheric pressure.
- Total flow rate F [Nm 3 / h] of gas introduced into the fluidized bed reactor examples include a fluidizing gas for fluidizing the catalyst charged in the fluidized bed reactor 10 and a catalyst transporting gas for transporting the catalyst to the fluidized bed reactor. . Since the flow rates of these gases are set by the user, the total flow rate F of the introduced gas can be obtained by summing the gas flow rates set by the user.
- examples include pure oxygen, air, and a mixed gas of pure oxygen and air. These gases may be diluted with other gases.
- the gas for dilution is not particularly limited, and may be any gas that does not adversely affect the catalyst performance and the gas phase oxidation reaction. Examples thereof include air, nitrogen, and helium. In general, air, oxygen gas, or an oxygen-containing gas diluted to an arbitrary concentration with an inert gas may be used.
- the total flow rate F of the introduced gas includes the flow rate of any gas introduced into the fluidized bed reactor in addition to the flowing gas and the catalyst carrying gas.
- examples of such a gas include a purge gas to a source gas line or each differential pressure measurement line.
- the values of the temperature T, the top pressure P, and the total flow rate F of the introduced gas are not particularly limited because they vary depending on the size and structure of the fluidized bed reactor.
- the gas flow rate U is calculated by determining the effective cross-sectional area B and determining a combination of three values of the temperature T, the top pressure P, and the total flow rate F of the introduced gas.
- the timing of increasing the gas flow rate U can be set as appropriate according to the target filling time, how much catalyst scattering is to be suppressed, etc. May be after it enters the fluidized bed reactor.
- a cyclone is provided with a dipleg.
- the dipreg is an apparatus for returning the catalyst recovered in the fluidized bed reactor from the lower part of the fluidized bed reactor (a position vertically below the recovered position) into the fluidized bed reactor.
- the first stage of the dipleg has a large amount of catalyst circulation, so the bottom part is open in the reactor (or a reversing plate is installed), and the second and third stage cyclones.
- a trickle valve catalyst discharge amount adjusting facility
- the like are installed at the lower end portion of the dipreg provided in the housing.
- the timing for increasing the gas flow rate U [m / s] in the fluidized bed reactor is preferably based on the amount of catalyst in the dipreg. It is preferable to set the time based on the amount of catalyst in the dipreg (the bottom is open, or a reversing plate or the like is installed and there is no trickle valve). It is also preferable to increase the gas flow rate U in the fluidized bed reactor when the amount of catalyst in the dipleg reaches a predetermined value. As said value, it is preferable to set it as 0.1 volume% or more, for example, More preferably, it is 0.3 volume% or more.
- the gas and catalyst introduced into the fluidized bed reactor enter from the dipleg lower end open part (back flow), it reaches the cyclone part and reaches the cyclone, and the catalyst scatters out of the system as it is. There is. If the lower end of the dipreg is sealed with a catalyst, the gas and the catalyst can be prevented from entering.
- the minimum value of the catalyst amount of the first stage dipreg that can be confirmed by the differential pressure is preferably 0.1% by volume or more, more preferably 0.3% by volume or more. That is, after confirming that the lower end portion of the dipreg is sealed, the gas flow rate U is increased, so that the scattering of the catalyst can be suppressed more efficiently and the filling time can be shortened.
- the total flow rate F of gas is kept constant, and the temperature and pressure that change with time are changed as they are. In this state, it is confirmed that the lower end of the dipreg is covered with the catalyst, the total gas flow rate F is increased, and the gas flow rate U is increased.
- the total gas flow rate F may be adjusted for purposes other than increasing the gas flow rate U. For example, the adjustment for suppressing the influence of the flow meter device performance (characteristic) or the flow characteristic of the catalyst may be appropriately performed.
- the method for measuring the amount of catalyst in the dipreg is not particularly limited, but in the dipreg, two places with different heights (vertical positions), for example, the vicinity of the connection with the cyclone and the return of the catalyst at the bottom It can be calculated from the difference in pressure from the vicinity of the mouth.
- the amount by which the gas flow rate U is increased can be appropriately set according to the target filling time, how much catalyst scattering is suppressed, and the like.
- the catalyst After starting the packing, if the gas flow rate U in the fluidized bed reactor is increased even a little, the catalyst can be initially charged while suppressing scattering, and the gas flow rate U in the fluidized bed reactor is increased. Later, the filling can be completed in a shorter time.
- the specific value of the amount to be increased is preferably 2% or more, more preferably 4% or more with respect to the value at the start of filling, for example, from the viewpoint of manifesting a clear effect due to an increase in gas flow rate. Moreover, from a viewpoint of catalyst scattering suppression, 200% or less is preferable and 150% or less is more preferable.
- the method for increasing the gas flow rate U is not particularly limited, but it is more preferable to perform an operation for increasing the total flow rate F of the introduced gas. This is because the gas flow rate U can be easily increased.
- the total flow rate F of the introduced gas does not necessarily have to be increased if the gas flow rate U increases. If the gas flow rate U increases by intentionally controlling the total flow rate F of the introduced gas to be within a certain range, it is within the category of the catalyst filling method according to the present invention. For example, by making the total gas flow rate F constant, the gas flow rate U repeatedly increases and decreases within a certain range by hunting. Thus, by making the total gas flow rate F constant within a predetermined range, the catalyst can be charged while suppressing scattering to a desired degree in a desired time. Such an operation is also a category of the catalyst filling method according to the present invention.
- the operation for increasing the gas flow rate U may be performed once or twice or more. For example, it may be increased by a single operation up to the target value of the increased gas flow rate U, or may be increased stepwise over a plurality of times. The number of times can be appropriately set according to the flow state of the target catalyst, the filling time, and the like.
- gas flow rate U may be increased in a short time or may be increased gradually.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed reactor 1 including a fluidized bed reactor 10.
- the fluidized bed reactor 1 is an apparatus for producing acrylonitrile by ammoxidizing hydrocarbons.
- the fluidized bed reactor 10 is a vertical cylindrical fluidized bed reactor.
- a gas supply conduit 16 is connected to the fluidized bed reactor 10.
- a cyclone 12 and a gas dispersion plate 19 are provided in the fluidized bed reactor 10.
- the fluidized bed reactor 10 is provided with a gas supply port 20.
- a catalyst hopper 2 is connected to the fluidized bed reactor 10.
- the fluidized bed reactor 10 is provided with a plurality of pressure measurement points (not shown), and the total amount of catalyst present in the fluidized bed reactor 10 is calculated from the measured pressure difference. can do.
- the catalyst hopper 2 is for storing a catalyst for filling the fluidized bed reactor.
- the catalyst x1 delivered from the catalyst hopper 2 is carried by the catalyst carrying gas x2. That is, the catalyst-containing gas X obtained by joining the catalyst x1 and the catalyst transport gas x2 is supplied into the fluidized bed reactor 10.
- the catalyst to which the catalyst filling method according to the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, but the method is suitable for a catalyst used for an ammoxidation reaction and / or oxidation reaction of a hydrocarbon having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Can be applied.
- examples of such catalysts include metal oxide catalysts containing molybdenum and bismuth, metal oxide catalysts containing iron and antimony, metal oxide catalysts containing molybdenum and vanadium, metal oxides containing uranium and antimony. And physical catalysts. Especially, it can apply suitably with the catalyst for manufacture of a nitrile compound.
- the shape of the catalyst is not particularly limited, but it is more preferably a powder. Further, the particle diameter is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 180 ⁇ m or less.
- the gas supply conduit 16 is used to supply the raw material gas Z to the fluidized bed reactor 10 when a reaction for producing a target product is performed after filling the catalyst.
- the raw material gas Z contains a gaseous hydrocarbon compound, gaseous ammonia and water vapor. It is provided below the fluidized bed reactor 10 and branches into a plurality of branch pipe portions 17. A nipple portion (raw material spray nozzle) 18 that opens toward the bottom surface of the fluidized bed reactor 10 is connected to the end of each branch pipe portion 17.
- hydrocarbons having 1 to 6 carbon atoms for example, butanes such as methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, n-butane and isobutane, butylenes such as n-butylene and isobutylene, n- Examples thereof include pentanes such as pentane and isopentane, pentenes such as n-pentene and isopentene, hexanes such as n-hexane and isohexane, and hexenes such as n-hexene and isohexene.
- the cyclone 12 is for separating gas and catalyst.
- the cyclone 12 has an inlet 13 for taking gas and catalyst into the cyclone 12, a gas outflow pipe 15 for leading the separated gas out of the fluidized bed reactor 10, and the separated catalyst flowing through the catalyst in the reactor.
- a dipleg 14 to be returned to the floor 11 is provided.
- the fluidized bed reactor has a series of three cyclones 12 connected to each other inside the reactor (however, in FIG. Only one series is shown.) Further, as shown in FIG. 1, two cyclones 12 are connected by one gas outflow pipe 15, and another one gas outflow pipe 15 leads gas out of the fluidized bed reactor 10.
- the gas dispersion plate 19 is for dispersing the oxygen-containing gas Y supplied from the gas supply port 20 in the fluidized bed reactor 10.
- the gas dispersion plate 19 is provided between the gas supply port 20 and the gas supply conduit 16.
- the gas supply port 20 is for supplying the oxygen-containing gas Y to the fluidized bed reactor 10.
- the gas supply port 20 is provided at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor 10.
- the oxygen-containing gas Y is a fluid gas for causing the catalyst to flow in the fluidized bed reactor 10 at the time of catalyst filling, and is a gas for supplying oxygen to be used for the reaction at the time of reaction.
- the oxygen-containing gas Y as a flowing gas at the time of catalyst filling and the oxygen-containing gas Y as a gas for supplying oxygen at the time of reaction may be the same gas or different gases.
- the specific type of the oxygen-containing gas Y conforms to the above description of the flow gas.
- the manufacturing method of the nitrile compound which concerns on this invention includes the process of performing the catalyst filling method which concerns on this invention mentioned above.
- the catalyst filling method according to the present invention the flow state of the catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor is good, and there are many fine catalyst particles in the fluidized bed reactor without scattering. . Therefore, a nitrile compound can be obtained with a high yield.
- a reaction for producing a nitrile compound may be started at any time of the user.
- the reaction may be started after confirming that the flow state of the catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor has reached a steady state.
- the reaction temperature rises due to heat generation, the pressure fluctuates, and the flow state of the catalyst may change.
- the reaction is started when the fluctuations in the respective states are within a predetermined range and the state is stabilized.
- the temperature rise due to the reaction may be predicted, and the temperature may be lowered before the reaction starts.
- the raw material gas supplied to the fluidized bed reactor may be diluted with an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, saturated hydrocarbons, alcohols, or the like, or may be used with an increased oxygen concentration.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, saturated hydrocarbons, alcohols, or the like
- the composition ratio of the raw material gas used for the gas phase oxidation reaction is not particularly limited. However, since the yield of the target product is increased, the above-described carbonization having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is performed.
- the molar ratio of at least one compound selected from hydrogen / ammonia / oxygen is more preferably in the range of 1 / 0.5 to 2.0 / 1.0 to 5.0.
- the gas phase oxidation reaction conditions applied in the method for producing a nitrile compound according to the present invention are not particularly limited, but generally the reaction temperature is 350 to 500 ° C., and the reaction pressure is atmospheric pressure to 500 kPa.
- the method for supplying at least one compound selected from the hydrocarbons having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, ammonia, and the oxygen-containing gas into the reactor is not particularly limited. Commonly used methods such as a method and a method of supplying through a dispersion plate can be used.
- At least one compound selected from hydrocarbons having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, ammonia, and oxygen-containing gas may be divided and supplied to the fluidized bed reactor, or may be mixed in whole or in part. You may supply. In consideration of safety and the like, a method in which at least one compound selected from hydrocarbons having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, ammonia, and an oxygen-containing gas are dividedly supplied into a fluidized bed reactor is generally used. .
- the nitrile compound may be subsequently produced after filling the catalyst as described above.
- Example 1 (Charging the reactor with fluid bed catalyst) Fluidized bed catalyst (catalyst composition, Fe 10 Sb 20 Mo 0.5 W 0.4 Te 1.4 Cu 3 Ni 1 P 0.5 B 1.8 Cr 0.3 Mn 0.1 K 0.1 O x (SiO 2 ) 60 ; where x is the number of oxygen atoms necessary to satisfy the valence of each of the above components excluding silica) 110 tons from the catalyst hopper to an inner diameter of 8.0 m (effective sectional area B47 m 2 ) Was charged into the vertical cylindrical fluidized bed reactor.
- Fluidized bed catalyst catalyst composition, Fe 10 Sb 20 Mo 0.5 W 0.4 Te 1.4 Cu 3 Ni 1 P 0.5 B 1.8 Cr 0.3 Mn 0.1 K 0.1 O x (SiO 2 ) 60 ; where x is the number of oxygen atoms necessary to satisfy the valence of each of the above components excluding silica
- the fluidized bed reactor As the fluidized bed reactor, the fluidized bed reactor equipped with this, and the catalyst hopper, the one shown in FIG. 1 was used.
- Air is used as the gas for flowing into the fluidized bed reactor and the gas for transporting the catalyst, and the reaction is carried out under the conditions of a total gas flow rate F12 ⁇ 10 3 Nm 3 / h, reactor internal temperature T420 ° C., and reactor top pressure P8 kPa Filling of the vessel with catalyst was started.
- the gas flow rate U in the reactor at the start of filling (filling time 0 hour) was 0.17 m / s.
- the flow rate of the catalyst transport gas may be any flow rate that can transport the catalyst. However, in the examples and comparative examples, the flow rate of the flow gas is extremely large compared to the flow rate of the catalyst transport gas.
- the total flow rate F was set to be substantially the same as the flow rate of the flow gas (the same applies to the following examples and comparative examples).
- the temperature T in the reactor was 345 ° C.
- the top pressure P was 21 kPa
- the gas flow rate U was 0.41 m / s.
- the catalyst filling could be completed in 12.9 hours.
- the catalyst filling amount was 110 tons, and it was confirmed that almost the entire amount of catalyst was filled in the reactor.
- the catalyst charge after completion of catalyst charge was determined from the difference in pressure measured at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor and the position where the reaction was performed above the position where the raw material gas was introduced.
- the reaction pressure was 180 to 220 kPa
- the reaction temperature was 455 to 465 ° C.
- the gas flow rate in the reactor was 50 to 70 cm / sec.
- the reaction temperature was detected by thermocouple thermometers installed at a plurality of locations, but no temperature spots (hot spots) were observed during the reaction, and the catalyst was in a good fluid state.
- the average yield of acrylonitrile was 77.4%.
- Example 2 Charge the reactor with fluid bed catalyst
- the fluidized bed catalyst was charged into the fluidized bed reactor shown in FIG. Air was used as the gas for flowing into the fluidized bed reactor and the gas for transporting the catalyst, and the total flow rate F of these gases was 23 ⁇ 10 3 Nm 3 / h.
- the gas flow rate U in the reactor at the start of filling (filling time 0 hour) was 0.30 m / s.
- Filling of the fluidized bed reactor with the catalyst was started under the conditions of a temperature T420 ° C. in the fluidized bed reactor and a top pressure P15 kPa in the fluidized bed reactor.
- the temperature T in the reactor was 280 ° C.
- the top pressure P was 15 kPa
- the gas flow rate U was 0.31 m / s.
- catalyst filling could be completed in 6.1 hours.
- the catalyst filling amount after completion of catalyst filling was 109 tons, and it was confirmed that almost the entire amount of catalyst was filled in the reactor.
- An ammoxidation reaction was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 using a fluidized bed reactor (see FIG. 1) after charging the fluidized bed catalyst. During the reaction, the reaction temperature was detected by thermocouple thermometers installed at a plurality of locations, but no temperature spots (hot spots) were observed during the reaction, and the catalyst was in a good fluid state. The average yield of acrylonitrile was 77.1%.
- the total flow rate F of the introduced gas was constant and was not increased.
- the catalyst loading in the dipreg after 1.1 hours was 1.3% by volume. Finally, the catalyst loading was completed with a 2.1 hour catalyst loading time.
- the catalyst filling amount after completion of catalyst filling was 105 tons, and it was found that about 5% by mass of the catalyst used for filling was scattered outside the reactor.
- the total flow rate F of the introduced gas was kept constant and was not increased.
- the catalyst loading in the dipreg after 7.9 hours was 1.3% by volume.
- the catalyst filling time of 17.8 hours was finally required to complete the catalyst filling.
- the catalyst filling amount after completion of catalyst filling was 110 tons, and it was confirmed that almost the whole amount of catalyst was filled in the reactor, but the filling time was longer by about 5 to 12 hours than in Examples 1 and 2.
- An ammoxidation reaction was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 using a fluidized bed reactor (see FIG. 1) after charging the fluidized bed catalyst.
- the reaction temperature was detected by thermocouple thermometers installed at a plurality of locations, but no temperature spots (hot spots) were observed during the reaction, and the catalyst was in a good fluid state.
- the average yield of acrylonitrile was 77.3%, since the filling time was required as described above, an opportunity loss in acrylonitrile production occurred during that time.
- the catalyst filling initial stage until the catalyst amount of a certain amount is filled in the dipleg below the cyclone in the reactor is reduced by reducing the gas flow rate in the reactor.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る触媒充填方法では、前記Tの値が100~500℃であることがより好ましい。また、本発明に係る触媒充填方法では、前記Fを増加させて前記Uが増加することがより好ましい。
本発明に係る触媒充填方法は、流動床反応器の有効断面積をB[m2]、前記流動床反応器内の温度をT[℃]、前記流動床反応器へ導入するガスの総流量をF[Nm3/h]、前記流動床反応器内の塔頂圧力をP[kPa]として下記式(1)に代入して得られる、前記流動床反応器内のガス流速Uで前記流動床反応器内への触媒の充填を開始し、その後前記Uを増加させる工程を含む。
なお、以下、流動床反応器内のガス流速U[m/s]を「ガス流速U」、流動床反応器の有効断面積をB[m2]を「有効断面積B」、流動床反応器内の温度T[℃]を「温度T」、流動床反応器へ導入するガスを「導入ガス」、導入ガスの総流量F[Nm3/h]を「導入ガスの総流量F」、流動床反応器内の塔頂圧力P[kPa]を「塔頂圧力P」ということもある。
本発明に係る触媒充填方法は、前記式(1)で示されるガス流速Uを増加させる工程を含む。
有効断面積Bは、流動床反応器を水平方向に切断してみたときの断面積から内装物の断面積を減じた面積をいう。具体的には、有効断面積とは、例えば、後述する原料ガスを導入する位置(高さ)よりも上の、原料ガスと触媒との反応が起こる部分(反応部又は濃厚層)における断面積であり、ディップレグなどの内装物の断面積を減じた断面積をいう。
温度Tは、流動床反応器内の温度を測定することによって求められる。測定箇所は、例えば、後述する原料ガスを導入する位置(高さ)よりも上の、触媒との反応が起こる部分(反応部又は濃厚層)とすればよい。温度Tは、ガス流速Uを増加させる工程を行なうことによって温度が変化することがあれば、その変化後の温度である。前記式(1)は、導入ガスの総流量Fを有効断面積Bで除することで求められる、単位有効断面積あたりの導入ガスの流量(F/B)に、(273+T)/273を乗ずることによって、温度の変化による影響を補正している。温度の変化による影響とは、例えば、温度が変化することによるガスの体積の変化、ひいては流速の変化等が考えられる。従って、温度Tを変えることによっても、ガス流速Uを増加させることが可能である。例えば、温度Tを増加させることでガス流速Uを増加させることが可能である。なお、「273」はセルシウス温度(℃)を熱力学温度(K)で計算するための値の近似値である。
塔頂圧力Pは、流動床反応器の塔頂で圧力を測定することによって求められる。塔頂圧力Pは、ガス流速Uを増加させる工程を行なうことによって温度が変化することがあれば、その変化後の塔頂圧力である。前記式(1)は、単位有効断面積あたりの導入ガスの流量(F/B)を(101+P)/101で除することによって、圧力の変化による影響を補正している。圧力の変化による影響とは、例えば、圧力が変化することによるガスの体積の変化、ひいては流速の変化等が考えられる。従って、塔頂圧力Pを変えることによっても、ガス流速Uを増加させることが可能である。例えば、塔頂圧力Pを減少させることでガス流速Uを増加させることが可能である。なお、「101」は単位がパスカルである値を標準大気圧で計算するための値の近似値である。
流動床反応器へ導入するガスとしては、例えば、流動床反応器10内に充填された触媒を流動させるための流動用ガス、触媒を流動床反応器まで運ぶための触媒搬送用ガスが挙げられる。これらのガスの流量は使用者が設定するものであるので、導入ガスの総流量Fは使用者が設定したガスの流量を合計することで求められる。
温度T、塔頂圧力P及び導入ガスの総流量Fの値は、流動床反応器の大きさ、構造等によって異なるので特に限定されない。ガス流速Uは、有効断面積Bを定めたうえで、温度T、塔頂圧力P及び導入ガスの総流量Fの3つの値の組み合わせが決定されることによって算出される。
ガス流速Uを増加させる時期については、目的とする充填時間、どれくらいの触媒の飛散を抑制するかなどに応じて適宜設定することができ、触媒の充填を開始して、充填する触媒の一部が流動床反応器内に入った後であればよい。
ガス流速Uを増加させる量については、目的とする充填時間、どれくらいの触媒の飛散を抑制するかなどに応じて適宜設定することができる。
ガス流速Uを増加させる方法としては特に限定されないが、導入ガスの総流量Fを増加させる操作を行なうことがより好ましい。容易にガス流速Uを増加させることができるからである。
本発明に係る触媒充填方法に用いる流動床反応器は、流動床反応に用いる従来公知の流動床反応器を任意に選択して採用することができる。ここで、本発明に係る触媒充填方法に用いる流動床反応器の一実施形態について図1を用いて説明する。図1は流動床反応器10を備える流動床反応装置1の概略構成を示す図である。
触媒ホッパー2は、流動床反応器に充填するための触媒を貯留するためのものである。触媒ホッパー2から供出される触媒x1は触媒搬送用ガスx2によって運ばれる。つまり、触媒x1と触媒搬送用ガスx2とが合流した触媒含有ガスXが流動床反応器10内に供給される。
本発明に係る触媒充填方法を適用する触媒としては特に限定されないが、当該方法は、炭素数が1~6である炭化水素のアンモ酸化反応及び/又は酸化反応に使用される触媒等に好適に適用することができる。このような触媒としては、例えば、モリブデン、ビスマスを含有する金属酸化物触媒、鉄、アンチモンを含有する金属酸化物触媒、モリブデン、バナジウムを含有する金属酸化物触媒、ウラン、アンチモンを含有する金属酸化物触媒等を挙げることができる。中でも、ニトリル化合物の製造用触媒により好適に適用することができる。
ガス供給導管16は、触媒を充填した後に目的生成物を製造する反応を行なうときに、原料ガスZを流動床反応器10に供給するためのものである。原料ガスZは、ガス状炭化水素化合物、ガス状アンモニア及び水蒸気を含む。流動床反応器10の下方に設けられ、複数の枝管部17に分岐している。各枝管部17の先には、流動床反応器10の底面に向って開口したニップル部(原料散布ノズル)18が接続されている。
原料ガスZとしては、炭素数1~6である炭化水素、例えば、メタン、エタン、エチレン、プロパン、プロピレン、n-ブタン、イソブタン等のブタン類、n-ブチレン、イソブチレン等のブチレン類、n-ペンタン、イソペンタン等のペンタン類、n-ペンテン、イソペンテン等のペンテン類、n-ヘキサン、イソヘキサン等のヘキサン類、n-ヘキセン、イソヘキセン等のヘキセン類等を挙げることができる。
サイクロン12は、ガスと触媒とを分離するためのものである。サイクロン12には、ガスと触媒とをサイクロン12内に取り込む流入口13と、分離したガスを流動床反応器10の外に導出するガス流出管15と、分離した触媒を反応器内の触媒流動床11に返送するディップレグ14とが設けられている。
ガス分散板19は、ガス供給口20から供給された酸素含有ガスYを流動床反応器10内に分散させるためのものである。ガス分散板19は、ガス供給口20とガス供給導管16との間に設けられている。
ガス供給口20は、酸素含有ガスYを流動床反応器10に供給するためのものである。ガス供給口20は、流動床反応器10の底部に設けられている。
酸素含有ガスYは、触媒充填時では触媒を流動床反応器10内で流動させるための流動ガスであり、反応時では反応に供させる酸素を供給するガスである。
本発明に係るニトリル化合物の製造方法は、上述した本発明に係る触媒充填方法を行なう工程を含む。本発明に係る触媒充填方法を採用していることにより、流動床反応器内の触媒の流動状態が良好であり、微小な触媒粒子も飛散せずに流動床反応器内に多く存在している。よって、高い収率でニトリル化合物を得ることができる。
(反応器への流動床用触媒の充填)
流動床用触媒(触媒組成、Fe10Sb20Mo0.5W0.4Te1.4Cu3Ni1P0.5B1.8Cr0.3Mn0.1K0.1Ox(SiO2)60;ここで、xは、シリカを除く前記各成分の原子価を満足するのに必要な酸素の原子数)110トンを触媒ホッパーから内径8.0m(有効断面積B47m2)の縦型円筒型流動床反応器内への充填を開始した。
触媒の充填が完了した流動床反応器を用いてアンモ酸化反応を行なった。酸素源として空気を用い、組成がプロピレン:アンモニア:酸素=1:1.1:2.3(モル比)である原料ガスを反応塔内に送入した。反応圧力は180~220kPa、反応温度は455~465℃、反応器内のガス流速は50~70cm/secとした。
(反応器への流動床用触媒の充填)
実施例1と同様の操作により、図1に示す流動床反応器内へ流動床用触媒の充填を開始した。流動床反応器への流動用ガス及び触媒搬送用ガスとして空気を用い、それらのガスの総流量Fを23×103Nm3/hとした。充填開始時(充填時間0時間)の反応器内のガス流速Uは0.30m/sであった。流動床反応器内の温度T420℃、流動床反応器内の塔頂圧力P15kPaの条件で、流動床反応器への触媒の充填を開始した。
流動床用触媒充填後の流動床反応器(図1参照)を用いて、実施例1と同様の条件にてアンモ酸化反応を行なった。反応中、複数個所に設置した熱電対温度計で反応温度を検知したが、反応中の温度斑(ホットスポット)は見られず、触媒は良好な流動状態であった。尚、アクリロニトリルの平均収率は77.1%であった。
(反応器への流動床用触媒の充填)
実施例1と同様の操作により流動床用触媒の流動床反応器(図1参照)内への充填を開始した。流動床反応器への流動用ガス及び触媒搬送用ガスとして空気を用い、それらのガスの総流量Fを40×103Nm3/hとした。充填開始時(充填時間0時間)の反応器内のガス流速Uは0.48m/sであった。流動床反応器内温度T420℃、流動床反応器内塔頂圧力P26kPaの条件で流動床反応器への触媒の充填を開始した。
流動床用触媒充填後の流動床反応器(図1参照)を用いて、実施例1と同様の条件にてアンモ酸化反応を行なった。反応中、複数個所に設置した熱電対温度計で反応温度を検知したところ、反応器内に温度斑(ホットスポット)が見られ、触媒の流動状態が悪化していることが判明した。尚、アクリロニトリルの平均収率は73.4%であり、反応後停止した反応器からは還元劣化(変色)した触媒が観察された。
(反応器への流動床用触媒の充填)
実施例1と同様の操作により流動床用触媒の流動床反応器(図1参照)内への充填を開始した。流動床反応器への流動用ガス及び触媒搬送用ガスとして空気を用い、それらのガスの総流量Fを3×103Nm3/hとした。充填開始時(充填時間0時間)の反応器内のガス流速Uは0.04m/sであった。流動床反応器内温度T420℃、流動床反応器内塔頂圧力P2kPaの条件で流動床反応器への触媒の充填を開始した。
流動床用触媒充填後の流動床反応器(図1参照)を用いて、実施例1と同様の条件にてアンモ酸化反応を行なった。反応中、複数個所に設置した熱電対温度計で反応温度を検知したが、反応中の温度斑(ホットスポット)は見られず、触媒は良好な流動状態であった。尚、アクリロニトリルの平均収率は77.3%であったが、前記のとおり充填時間を要したためにその間、アクリロニトリル製造における機会損失を生じた。
2 触媒ホッパー
10 流動床反応器
11 触媒流動床
12 サイクロン
13 流入口
14 ディップレグ
15 ガス流出管
16 ガス供給導管
17 枝管部
18 ニップル部
19 ガス分散板
20 ガス供給口
X 触媒含有ガス
Y 酸素含有ガス
Z 原料ガス
x1 触媒
x2 触媒搬送用ガス
Claims (11)
- 流動床反応器に触媒を充填する方法であって、前記流動床反応器の有効断面積をB[m2]、前記流動床反応器内の温度をT[℃]、前記流動床反応器へ導入するガスの総流量をF[Nm3/h]、前記流動床反応器内の塔頂圧力をP[kPa]として下記式(1)に代入して得られる、前記流動床反応器内のガス流速U[m/s]について、前記流動床反応器内への前記触媒の充填を開始した後、前記Uを増加させる工程を含む方法。
U=(F/B×((273+T)/273)/((101+P)/101))/3600・・・式(1) - 前記Tの値が100~500℃である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記Fを増加させることにより前記Uを増加させる請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記T及び前記Pのうち少なくとも一方を変化させることにより前記Uを増加させる請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記流動床反応器内に触媒返送部が設けられており、
前記触媒返送部は、前記流動床反応器内にて回収した前記触媒を、回収した位置より鉛直下側の位置から、前記流動床反応器内に返送するものであり、
前記触媒返送部内部の、鉛直方向の位置が異なる少なくとも2カ所の圧力の差から触媒量を算出し、前記触媒量が予め定められた値となったときに、前記Uを増加させる請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記ガスが前記触媒を流動させるための流動用ガス及び触媒を流動床反応器まで運ぶための触媒搬送用ガスの内の少なくとも一つである請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記Uを増加させる工程において充填開始時の前記Uに対して2%以上、200%以下増加させる請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記Uを増加させる工程において充填開始時の前記Uに対して4%以上、150%以下増加させる請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒がニトリル化合物の製造用触媒である請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~9に記載の方法を行なう工程を含むことを特徴とするニトリル化合物の製造方法。
- 請求項1~9に記載の方法を行った後、引き続きニトリル化合物の製造を行うことを特徴とするニトリル化合物の製造方法。
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| CN201680006749.4A CN107206362A (zh) | 2015-03-13 | 2016-03-08 | 向流化床反应器填充催化剂的方法及腈化合物的制造方法 |
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| JP2020200274A (ja) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-17 | 旭化成株式会社 | アクリロニトリルの製造方法 |
| CN118663166A (zh) * | 2023-03-14 | 2024-09-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 催化剂无氧装填系统及其方法和应用 |
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| TWI619552B (zh) | 2018-04-01 |
| JP6131480B2 (ja) | 2017-05-24 |
| KR20170093913A (ko) | 2017-08-16 |
| JPWO2016147950A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
| CN115957702A (zh) | 2023-04-14 |
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