WO2016056574A1 - 変性ポリビニルアルコール、樹脂組成物及びフィルム - Google Patents
変性ポリビニルアルコール、樹脂組成物及びフィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016056574A1 WO2016056574A1 PCT/JP2015/078413 JP2015078413W WO2016056574A1 WO 2016056574 A1 WO2016056574 A1 WO 2016056574A1 JP 2015078413 W JP2015078413 W JP 2015078413W WO 2016056574 A1 WO2016056574 A1 WO 2016056574A1
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- film
- mol
- modified pva
- content
- polyvinyl alcohol
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- 0 CC(C)(C)CC(*)(C(C)(C)C)C(N*)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(*)(C(C)(C)C)C(N*)=O 0.000 description 1
- DFJKSWYZVSYBRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC(CC1(C)C)OC1=O Chemical compound CCC(CC1(C)C)OC1=O DFJKSWYZVSYBRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/14—Esterification
- C08F8/16—Lactonisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C09D129/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/58—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine
- C08F220/585—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine and containing other heteroatoms, e.g. 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid [AMPS]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a specific viscosity average polymerization degree and a saponification degree and further comprising a specific acrylamide unit and a lactone ring unit, a resin composition containing the modified polyvinyl alcohol, and the modified polyvinyl alcohol. It is related with the film to contain.
- Polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “PVA”) is known as a water-soluble synthetic polymer, and has superior strength characteristics, film-forming properties, etc. compared to other synthetic polymers. It is widely used in applications such as paper processing, fiber processing, adhesives, emulsion polymerization and suspension polymerization stabilizers, inorganic binders, and films.
- the water-soluble film can be cited as an application of the above film.
- various chemicals such as agricultural chemicals, laundry detergents, bleaching agents, toiletry products, industrial chemicals, etc. have been sealed and packaged in units of water-soluble films (unit packaging), and when used, they remain in their packaging form in water.
- a method is used in which the contents are dissolved or dispersed in water together with the packaging film.
- the advantages of this unit packaging are that it can be used without direct contact with hazardous chemicals during use, that a certain amount of contents are packed, so there is no need to measure it during use, and the use of containers that contain chemicals For example, the subsequent processing is unnecessary.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a water-soluble film formed by forming a PVA film containing an oxyalkylene group, a sulfonic acid group, or a cationic group.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a water-soluble film made of a composition containing a modified PVA having a monomer unit containing a carboxy group and / or a sulfonic acid group and a polyhydric alcohol.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a cold water-soluble film containing a modified PVA having vinyl alcohol units and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid units.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a water-soluble film comprising a modified PVA containing an N-vinylamide monomer unit and a carboxy group and / or a lactone ring.
- the present invention has been made based on the circumstances as described above, and modified polyvinyl alcohol capable of forming a film excellent in cold water solubility, mechanical strength and chemical resistance, and a resin composition containing this modified polyvinyl alcohol.
- an object is to provide a film containing the modified polyvinyl alcohol.
- the inventors of the present invention have a specific modified PVA containing a specific acrylamide unit and a lactone ring unit, and the content of these acrylamide unit and lactone ring unit is in a specific range, As a result of finding that a film excellent in cold water solubility, mechanical strength and chemical resistance can be formed and further studying based on the knowledge, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention made to solve the above problems is represented by the monomer unit represented by the following formula (I) (hereinafter also referred to as “monomer unit (I)”) and the following formula (II).
- Modified PVA containing a structural unit hereinafter also referred to as “structural unit (II)”
- the content of the monomer unit (I) relative to the total monomer units of the modified PVA is 0.05 mol%
- the content of the structural unit (II) with respect to all the monomer units of the modified PVA is 0.001 mol% or more and 0.5 mol% or less
- the viscosity average polymerization degree is 300 or more and 3 mol% or less.
- the modified PVA (hereinafter also referred to as “modified PVA (A)”) having a saponification degree of 82 mol% or more and 99.5 mol% or less.
- R 1 is, .R 2 is a linear or branched alkyl group of which a hydrogen atom or a C 1-8, -R 3 -SO 3 - X + , -R 3 - N + (R 4 ) 3 Cl - or a hydrogen atom
- R 3 is a linear or branched alkanediyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- X + is a hydrogen atom
- R 4 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a plurality of R 4 may be the same or different.
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the present invention includes a resin composition containing the modified PVA (A). Since the resin composition contains the modified PVA (A), a film having excellent cold water solubility, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance can be formed.
- the present invention includes a film containing the modified PVA (A). Since the film contains the modified PVA (A), the film has excellent cold water solubility, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance.
- the modified PVA of the present invention can form a film excellent in cold water solubility, mechanical strength and chemical resistance. Therefore, the modified PVA, resin composition and film of the present invention are suitably used for packaging materials for various chemicals such as garment detergents, bleaches, and agricultural chemicals.
- the modified PVA (A) includes a monomer unit (I) represented by the following formula (I) and a structural unit (II) represented by the formula (II) described later, and usually further contains a vinyl alcohol unit. Including.
- the modified PVA (A) may further contain other monomer units.
- the “structural unit” is a partial structure contained in the modified PVA (A) and is derived from one or more monomers.
- “Monomer unit” refers to a structural unit derived from one monomer.
- the modified PVA (A) includes a monomer unit (I) and a structural unit (II) having a specific content, and has a specific viscosity average degree of polymerization and degree of saponification, so that it is soluble in cold water, mechanical A film excellent in strength and chemical resistance can be formed.
- the structural unit (II) inhibits hydrogen bonding of the modified PVA (A) and the structural unit (II). ) Is considered to contribute.
- the monomer unit (I) is a monomer unit represented by the following formula (I).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 2 is, -R 3 -SO 3 - X + , -R 3 -N + (R 4) 3 Cl - is or a hydrogen atom.
- R 3 is a linear or branched alkanediyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- X + is a hydrogen atom, a metal atom or an ammonium group.
- R 4 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. A plurality of R 4 may be the same or different.
- Examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R 1 include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert- Examples thereof include a butyl group and an n-pentyl group.
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom, from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis of the modified PVA (A).
- the direction is not particularly limited.
- R 3 is preferably —C (CH 3 ) 2 —CH 2 — and —CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 2 —.
- R 3 is —C (CH 3 ) 2 —CH 2 —
- when expressed together with —C ( ⁇ O) NH— adjacent to R 3 —C ( ⁇ O) NH—C (CH 3 ) 2
- the orientation of R 3 as described above is preferably —CH 2 —.
- the R 3 is -C (CH 3) 2 -CH 2 -
- the R 2 when it is, -C (CH 3) 2 -CH 2 -SO 3 - X +, and -C (CH 3 ) 2 —CH 2 —N + (R 4 ) 3 Cl — is preferred.
- Examples of the metal atom represented by X + include an alkali metal atom (lithium atom, sodium atom, potassium atom and the like), an alkaline earth metal atom (calcium atom and the like), and the like.
- ammonium group represented by X + examples include a tetramethylammonium group, a tetraethylammonium group, a tetrapropylammonium group, NH 4 , a monomethylammonium group, a dimethylammonium group, and a trimethylammonium group.
- the above X + is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a sodium atom.
- Examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R 4 include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec- Examples thereof include a butyl group and an n-pentyl group. Of these, a methyl group is preferred.
- the lower limit of the content of the monomer unit (I) with respect to all the monomer units of the modified PVA (A) is 0.05 mol%, preferably 0.10 mol%, and 0.15 mol%. More preferred.
- an upper limit of the content rate of monomer unit (I) it is 10 mol%, 8 mol% is preferable and 7 mol% is more preferable.
- the modified PVA (A) can form a film having excellent cold water solubility, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance.
- total monomer units refers to the total of monomer units constituting the modified PVA (A).
- n is an integer of 1 or more.
- the above total is calculated assuming that there are two monomer units per structural unit (II). .
- the structural unit (II) is a structural unit represented by the following formula (II).
- the modified PVA (A) can form a film having excellent cold water solubility, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance by including the structural unit (II).
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R 5 include groups similar to those exemplified as R 1 above.
- R 5 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom, from the viewpoint of the ease of synthesis of the monomer that gives the structural unit (II).
- the lower limit of the content of the structural unit (II) with respect to all the monomer units of the modified PVA (A) is 0.001 mol%, preferably 0.005 mol%, more preferably 0.01 mol%. 0.02 mol% is more preferable.
- an upper limit of the content rate of structural unit (II) it is 0.5 mol%, 0.4 mol% is preferable and 0.2 mol% is more preferable.
- the structural unit (II) is formed by the reaction of the vinyl alcohol unit and the monomer unit (I). That is, a value obtained by doubling the content of the structural unit (II) corresponds to the content of the monomer unit forming the structural unit (II).
- a minimum of the content rate of the monomer unit which forms specific structural unit (II) it is 0.002 mol% normally, 0.01 mol% is preferable, 0.02 mol% is more preferable, 0 0.04 mol% is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the content is usually 1 mol%, preferably 0.8 mol%, and more preferably 0.4 mol%.
- Each content of the monomer unit (I) and the structural unit (II) can be determined by 1 H-NMR measurement of the modified PVA (A). Specifically, it can be determined by dissolving the modified PVA (A) in D 2 O and measuring it at 80 ° C. using a 600 MHz 1 H-NMR measuring apparatus.
- the modified PVA (A) is a monomer unit (AMPS) derived from sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate (AMPS) represented by the following formula (I ′) as the monomer unit (I).
- a represents a peak area of 2.8 ppm to 3.1 ppm derived from Ha of the structural unit (II ′).
- a value obtained by dividing the peak area of 1.45 ppm to 1.55 ppm derived from 6 Hb of AMPS units by 6 is b.
- a peak area of 4.5 ppm to 5.4 ppm derived from Hc of vinyl acetate units is defined as c.
- a value obtained by dividing a peak area of 1.9 ppm to 2.0 ppm derived from three protons of sodium acetate by 3 is defined as d.
- a peak area derived from 0.2 ppm to 2.8 ppm of methylene group is defined as A.
- the content of the monomer unit (I) and the content of the structural unit (II) are respectively calculated using the following equations.
- Content of monomer unit (I) (mol%) b ⁇ 100 / (2 ⁇ a + b + c + e)
- Content of structural unit (II) (mol%) a ⁇ 100 / (2 ⁇ a + b + c + e)
- the content rate of the monomer unit which forms structural unit (II) can also be computed using following Formula.
- Content of monomer units forming the structural unit (II) (mol%) 2 ⁇ a ⁇ 100 / (2 ⁇ a + b + c + e)
- the structural unit (II) is formed from two monomer units. Therefore, the sum of the content of the monomer unit (I), the content of the monomer unit forming the structural unit (II), and the content of other monomer units is usually 100 mol%. However, the sum of the content of the monomer unit (I), the content of the structural unit (II), and the content of other monomer units is usually less than 100 mol%.
- the modified PVA (A) is, for example, a monomer that gives a vinyl ester monomer and a monomer unit (I) (for example, H 2 C ⁇ C (R 1 ) —C ( ⁇ O) NH—R 2 etc.) Can be produced by saponification using an alkali catalyst or an acid catalyst in an alcohol solution.
- the structural unit (II) can be formed by reacting a hydroxyl group of a vinyl alcohol unit obtained by saponifying a vinyl ester unit with an amide group of the monomer unit (I).
- the content of the monomer unit (I) and the structural unit (II) in the modified PVA (A) is the type of the monomer that gives the monomer unit (I), the water content in the raw material solution used for the saponification reaction It can be controlled by adjusting the rate, the molar ratio of the alkali used for the saponification reaction, the resin temperature of the modified PVA (A) at the time of drying after the saponification reaction, and the drying time.
- vinyl ester monomer examples include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valelate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl versatate and the like. It is done. Of these, vinyl acetate is preferred.
- Examples of the method for copolymerizing the vinyl ester monomer and the monomer that gives the monomer unit (I) include known methods such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, and emulsion polymerization. Can be mentioned. Among these methods, a bulk polymerization method performed without a solvent and a solution polymerization method performed using a solvent such as alcohol are preferable, and a solution polymerization method in which polymerization is performed in the presence of a lower alcohol is more preferable in terms of enhancing the effect of the present invention. preferable.
- the lower alcohol is preferably an alcohol having 3 or less carbon atoms, more preferably methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and isopropanol, and further preferably methanol.
- Examples of the initiator used in the polymerization reaction include 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2′-azobis (4-methoxy).
- Known initiators such as azo initiators such as -2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) and organic peroxide initiators such as benzoyl peroxide and n-propyl peroxycarbonate.
- a copolymerizable monomer is further copolymerized within the range in which the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- monomers include ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutene and 1-hexene; acrylamide derivatives such as N-methylacrylamide and N-ethylacrylamide; N-methylmethacrylamide, N- Methacrylamide derivatives such as ethyl methacrylamide; vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether; ethylene glycol vinyl ether, 1,3-propanediol vinyl ether, 1,4-butanediol vinyl ether Hydroxyl group-containing vinyl ethers such as allyl acetate;
- the modified PVA (A) can be obtained by saponifying the vinyl ester copolymer obtained by the above-described method in, for example, an alcohol solvent, followed by drying.
- the water content of the saponification raw material solution used for saponification, the resin temperature of the modified PVA (A) at the time of drying, and the drying time are set to specific ranges as described later. It is preferable.
- the saponification raw material solution can be prepared by adding a small amount of water to the solution containing the vinyl ester copolymer and the solvent obtained in the copolymerization step.
- the moisture content of the saponification raw material solution obtained 1 mass% is preferable and 1.2 mass% is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the water content of the obtained saponification raw material solution is preferably 2% by mass, and more preferably 1.8% by mass.
- the water content is less than the lower limit, lactonization tends to proceed, and therefore the content of the structural unit (II) tends to be too high.
- the water content exceeds the upper limit ring opening of the lactone structure is likely to proceed, and thus formation of the structural unit (II) tends to be suppressed.
- Examples of the solvent that can be used in the saponification reaction include methanol, methyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, and the like. Of these solvents, methanol is preferred.
- an alkaline substance is usually used as the catalyst for the saponification reaction of the vinyl ester copolymer.
- the alkaline substance include alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide, and the like.
- 0.002 is preferable by the molar ratio with respect to the vinyl ester unit of a vinyl ester copolymer, and 0.004 is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the amount of the catalyst used is preferably 0.2 and more preferably 0.1 in terms of the molar ratio of the vinyl ester copolymer to the vinyl ester unit.
- the saponification catalyst may be added all at once in the initial stage of the saponification reaction, or a part thereof may be added in the initial stage of the saponification reaction, and the rest may be added in the middle of the saponification reaction. .
- the lower limit of the temperature of the saponification reaction is preferably 5 ° C, more preferably 20 ° C.
- the upper limit of the temperature of the saponification reaction is preferably 80 ° C, more preferably 70 ° C.
- the upper limit of the saponification reaction time is preferably 10 hours and more preferably 5 hours.
- the saponification reaction can be carried out by either a batch system or a continuous system. After completion of the saponification reaction, the remaining catalyst may be neutralized as necessary. Examples of the neutralizing agent that can be used include organic acids such as acetic acid and lactic acid, and ester compounds such as methyl acetate.
- a step of washing the modified PVA (A) may be provided as necessary after saponification.
- a solution containing a lower alcohol such as methanol as a main component and further containing water and / or an ester such as methyl acetate which is the same as that produced in the saponification step can be used.
- the modified PVA (A) can be obtained by drying the modified PVA (A) after washing.
- hot air drying using a cylindrical dryer is preferable.
- the lower limit of the resin temperature of the modified PVA (A) during drying is preferably 100 ° C, and more preferably 105 ° C.
- the upper limit of the resin temperature of the modified PVA (A) during drying is preferably 125 ° C, more preferably 118 ° C, and even more preferably 115 ° C.
- 2 hours are preferable and 3 hours are more preferable.
- the upper limit of the drying time is preferably 5 hours, and more preferably 4 hours.
- the lower limit of the viscosity average polymerization degree of the modified PVA (A) is 300, 400 is preferable, and 500 is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the viscosity average degree of polymerization is 3,000, preferably 2,500, and more preferably 2,000.
- the solution viscosity or melt viscosity of the said modified PVA (A) will become high, workability
- the viscosity average polymerization degree of the modified PVA (A) is measured by the method described in JIS-K6726-1994.
- the lower limit of the saponification degree of the modified PVA (A) is 82 mol%, preferably 84 mol%, and more preferably 86 mol%.
- the upper limit of the degree of saponification of the modified PVA (A) is 99.5 mol%, preferably 99.4 mol%, more preferably 99.3 mol%.
- the degree of saponification exceeds the above upper limit, the modified PVA (A) cannot be produced industrially stably, and film formation can be performed stably from the modified PVA (A). It tends to be impossible.
- the degree of saponification of the modified PVA (A) is measured by the method described in JIS-K6726-1994.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains the modified PVA (A). Since the resin composition contains the modified PVA (A), a film having excellent cold water solubility, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance can be formed.
- As a minimum of the content rate of the modification PVA (A) in the resin composition 30 mass% is preferred, 50 mass% is more preferred, and 70 mass% is still more preferred.
- As an upper limit of the said content rate 99 mass% is preferable, 95 mass% is more preferable, and 90 mass% is further more preferable.
- components other than the modified PVA (A) in the resin composition include sugars, plasticizers, inorganic fillers, other additives, and the like.
- saccharide examples include monosaccharides such as glucose, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and chain sugar alcohols.
- polysaccharide examples include starch, cellulose, chitin, chitosan, hemicellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, pectin, pullulan, agar, alginic acid, carrageenan, dextrin, and trehalose. More than seeds can be used.
- the resulting film has a significant decrease in mechanical properties such as film strength, but it is used for the resin composition.
- the modified PVA (A) to be obtained has a characteristic of excellent compatibility with saccharides, particularly starch, it can contain a large amount of saccharides.
- the lower limit of the saccharide content relative to 100 parts by mass of the modified PVA (A) is preferably 1 part by mass, more preferably 2 parts by mass, and further 3 parts by mass. preferable.
- the upper limit of the saccharide content is preferably 100 parts by mass, more preferably 90 parts by mass, and still more preferably 80 parts by mass.
- the content of the saccharide is at least the above lower limit, the cold water solubility of the resulting film is improved.
- the content of the saccharide is not more than the above upper limit, the impact resistance at low temperature of the obtained film is improved.
- a water-soluble film is required to have strength and toughness that can withstand use in a hot and humid region or a cold region, and particularly needs impact resistance at a low temperature.
- the resin composition contains a plasticizer, the impact resistance at low temperatures can be improved, the glass transition point of the film can be lowered, and the solubility in water can be improved.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a plasticizer for PVA.
- glycerin diglycerin, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol.
- Polyhydric alcohols such as 1,3-butanediol; polyethers such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol; polyvinylamides such as polyvinylpyrrolidone; amide compounds such as N-methylpyrrolidone and dimethylacetamide; glycerin, pentaerythritol,
- polyethers such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol
- polyvinylamides such as polyvinylpyrrolidone
- amide compounds such as N-methylpyrrolidone and dimethylacetamide
- glycerin pentaerythritol
- the compound which added ethylene oxide to polyhydric alcohols, such as sorbitol, water, etc. are mentioned, These can use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.
- glycerin, diglycerin, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone are preferable from the viewpoint of improving cold water solubility. From the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in the cold water solubility of the film due to out, glycerin, diglycerin, trimethylolpropane, polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone are more preferable.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol as the plasticizer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of suppressing the compatibility with the modified PVA (A) and the decrease in cold water solubility due to bleed-out, 1, 000 or less is preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinyl pyrrolidone as the plasticizer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1,000 or more and 20,000 or less from the viewpoint of compatibility with the modified PVA (A).
- the said resin composition contains the said plasticizer
- 1 mass part is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of the said modified PVA (A), and 10 mass parts is more preferable.
- an upper limit of content of the said plasticizer 50 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of the said modified PVA (A), and 40 mass parts is more preferable.
- the content of the plasticizer is equal to or more than the lower limit, the above-described effect due to the inclusion of the plasticizer can be sufficiently exhibited.
- the content of the plasticizer is not more than the above upper limit, bleeding out of the plasticizer is suppressed, and the blocking resistance of the obtained film is improved.
- the plasticizer in the ratio of 20 mass parts or more with respect to 100 mass parts of the said modified PVA (A) from the point of the dissolution rate with respect to the water of the film obtained.
- the plasticizer may be contained in a proportion of 40 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the modified PVA (A). From the viewpoint of improving the cold water solubility of the obtained film, the higher the plasticizer content, the more preferable. Further, the higher the plasticizer content, the lower the heat seal temperature, and the productivity at the time of film bag production. Tend to improve.
- the plasticizer is preferably contained in such a proportion that the heat seal temperature of the obtained film is 170 ° C. or less, and more preferably contained in a proportion such that it is 160 ° C. or less.
- the content of the plasticizer tends to affect the strength and Young's modulus of the resulting film, the content of the plasticizer may be adjusted in consideration of the strength and Young's modulus.
- inorganic filler examples include silica, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, diatomaceous earth, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zeolite, zinc oxide, silicic acid, silicate, mica, magnesium carbonate, kaolin, halloysite, pyrone. Examples include clay and talc such as phylite and sericite. Two or more of these may be used in combination.
- the average particle diameter of the said inorganic filler 1 micrometer is preferable from a viewpoint of blocking resistance of the film obtained.
- the upper limit of the average particle diameter is preferably 10 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of dispersibility in the resin composition.
- the average particle size is about 1 ⁇ m to 7 ⁇ m. It is preferable to use an inorganic filler having a size.
- the said resin composition contains the said inorganic filler
- the said inorganic filler from a viewpoint of blocking resistance of the film obtained, as a minimum of content of the said inorganic filler, with respect to 100 mass parts of the said modified PVA (A), it is set to 0. 5 mass parts is preferable, 0.7 mass part is more preferable, and 1 mass part is further more preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of the inorganic filler is preferably 20 parts by mass, more preferably 15 parts by mass, 10 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the resin composition may further contain other additives such as a colorant, a fragrance, a bulking agent, an antifoaming agent, a release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, and a surfactant as necessary.
- a colorant such as a fragrance, a bulking agent, an antifoaming agent, a release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, and a surfactant as necessary.
- the said resin composition contains the said surfactant, as content of the said surfactant, the peelability of metal surfaces, such as a die and a drum of a film forming apparatus, and the formed film and film stock solution is improved. From a viewpoint of making it, 0.01 mass part or more and 5 mass parts or less are preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of the said modified PVA (A).
- the resin composition is water-soluble such as PVA, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid or a salt of a kind different from the modified PVA (A) as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, if necessary.
- a polymer may be contained.
- the resin composition may further contain an alkali metal salt such as sodium acetate.
- the content of the alkali metal salt in terms of metal element is, for example, 0.1 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the modified PVA (A). Or less.
- the resin composition can be prepared by mixing the modified PVA (A) and components other than the modified PVA (A) as described above. Specifically, for example, these components can be prepared by a known method such as a method in which these components are dissolved or dispersed in a solvent in a stirring tank, and then the solvent is removed if necessary, and a method of melt kneading in an extruder. it can.
- the film of the present invention contains the modified PVA (A).
- the film may contain only the modified PVA (A) or may be composed of the above-described resin composition of the present invention. Since the film contains the modified PVA (A), the film has excellent cold water solubility, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance. Therefore, the film is suitably used as a packaging material for various chemicals such as clothing detergents, bleaches, and agricultural chemicals.
- the lower limit of the average thickness of the film is preferably 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 30 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the average thickness of the film is preferably 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 150 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 120 ⁇ m.
- strength of a film improves more that the average thickness of the said film is more than the said minimum.
- a film can be manufactured at lower cost as the average thickness of the said film is below the said upper limit.
- the surface of the film is roll-mated as necessary, or a powder for preventing blocking such as silica or starch is applied to the film, or an embossing treatment is performed. can do.
- the surface of the film can be formed into a roll mat by forming fine irregularities on a roll that comes into contact with the film before drying at the time of film formation.
- the embossing treatment can be generally performed by nipping between an embossing roll and a rubber roll while applying heat and pressure after the film is formed.
- the application of powder has a large anti-blocking effect, it may not be used depending on the application of the film. Therefore, as a method for preventing blocking, roll matting and embossing are preferable, and the anti-blocking effect is large. Therefore, roll matting is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the tensile strength of the film is preferably 2.0 kg / cm 2, more preferably 2.1 kg / cm 2, further preferably 2.2 kg / cm 2.
- the upper limit of the tensile breaking strength of the film is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5.0 kg / cm 2 .
- the lower limit of the Young's modulus of the film it is preferably 2.0 kg / mm 2, more preferably 2.1 kg / mm 2, 2.2 kg / Mm 2 is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the Young's modulus of the film is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5.0 kg / mm 2 .
- the degree of cold water solubility of the film is the time until the film is completely dissolved when the cold water solubility is measured by the method described later in the Examples section (provided that the average thickness of the film is not 50 ⁇ m). Is preferably less than 45 seconds, more preferably less than 40 seconds, and less than 30 seconds as the time converted when the average thickness of the film is 50 ⁇ m according to the following formula (1). More preferably, it is particularly preferably less than 25 seconds.
- the manufacturing method of the said film is not specifically limited, It can manufacture by well-known methods, such as a casting method and a melt extrusion method.
- the modified PVA (A) and, if desired, components other than the modified PVA (A) are dissolved in an aqueous solvent (for example, water), and the resulting solution is placed on a smooth casting surface. After evaporation, the film of the present invention is obtained by peeling from the casting surface.
- an aqueous solvent for example, water
- the casting surface may be a smooth and hard material such as steel, aluminum, glass, polymer (for example, polyolefin, polyethylene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyhalocarbon, etc.).
- the evaporation rate of the aqueous solvent can be increased by heating the casting surface or exposing the deposited solution to, for example, heated air or infrared rays.
- the casting surface may be flat or cylindrical, such as a standard (drum-type) industrial film production casting machine. The film is then obtained by oven drying.
- Polymerization degree and saponification degree of PVA The polymerization degree and saponification degree of PVA (including modified PVA) were determined by the method described in JIS-K6726-1994.
- the cold water solubility is determined as “AA” (particularly good) when the time until the film is completely dissolved is less than 30 seconds, and as “A” (good) when it is 30 seconds or more and less than 45 seconds.
- the case of 45 seconds or more was determined as “B” (defective).
- Example 1 Synthesis of PVA-1
- a polymerization tank continuous polymerization apparatus equipped with a reflux condenser, a raw material supply line, a reaction liquid take-out line, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet and a stirring blade was used.
- a 20 mass% methanol solution 125 L) of vinyl acetate (VAM) (656 L / hr), methanol (MeOH) (60 L / hr) and sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate (AMPS) as a modified species.
- VAM vinyl acetate
- MeOH methanol
- AMPS sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
- the polymerization solution was taken out from the polymerization tank, and methanol vapor was introduced into this polymerization solution to remove unreacted vinyl acetate, thereby obtaining a methanol solution (concentration 35%) of modified polyvinyl acetate (modified PVAc).
- a modified PVAc / methanol solution (concentration 32% by mass) (saponification raw material solution) having a water content of 1.2% by mass by adding methanol and water to the methanol solution of the modified PVAc at 4,700 L / hr, A sodium hydroxide / methanol solution (concentration 4% by mass) (saponification catalyst solution) was fed at 165 L / hr (molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to vinyl acetate units in the modified PVAc 0.01).
- the fed saponification raw material solution and saponification catalyst solution were mixed using a static mixer. The obtained mixture was placed on a belt and kept at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 18 minutes to allow the saponification reaction to proceed.
- the gel obtained by the saponification reaction was pulverized and drained.
- the obtained modified PVA powder (resin content) was continuously supplied to the dryer at a rate of 600 kg / hr (resin temperature 105 ° C.). The average residence time of the powder in the dryer was 4 hours. Thereafter, pulverization was performed to obtain modified PVA (PVA-1).
- the obtained PVA-1 had a viscosity average polymerization degree of 1,500, a saponification degree of 95 mol%, a monomer unit (I) content of 3.0 mol%, and a structural unit (II) content of It was 0.01 mol%.
- the modified PVA of the present invention can form a film excellent in cold water solubility, mechanical strength and chemical resistance. Therefore, the modified PVA, resin composition and film of the present invention are suitably used for packaging materials for various chemicals such as garment detergents, bleaches, and agricultural chemicals.
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Abstract
Description
当該変性PVA(A)は、下記式(I)で表される単量体単位(I)と後述する式(II)で表される構造単位(II)とを含み、通常ビニルアルコール単位をさらに含む。また、当該変性PVA(A)は、さらに他の単量体単位を含んでいてもよい。ここで「構造単位」とは、当該変性PVA(A)に含まれる部分構造であって、1又は複数の単量体に由来するものをいう。「単量体単位」とは、1の単量体に由来する構造単位をいう。
単量体単位(I)は、下記式(I)で表される単量体単位である。
構造単位(II)は、下記式(II)で表される構造単位である。当該変性PVA(A)は上記構造単位(II)を含むことで、冷水溶解性、機械的強度及び耐薬品性に優れるフィルムを形成することができる。
e=[A-a×4-b×9-c×5-d×3]/2
単量体単位(I)の含有率(モル%)=b×100/(2×a+b+c+e)
構造単位(II)の含有率(モル%)=a×100/(2×a+b+c+e)
構造単位(II)を形成する単量体単位の含有率(モル%)=2×a×100/(2×a+b+c+e)
当該変性PVA(A)は、例えばビニルエステル単量体と単量体単位(I)を与える単量体(例えばH2C=C(R1)-C(=O)NH-R2等)とを共重合させて得られるビニルエステル共重合体を、アルコール溶液中でアルカリ触媒又は酸触媒を用いてケン化することにより製造することができる。構造単位(II)は、ビニルエステル単位をケン化して得られるビニルアルコール単位が有する水酸基と、単量体単位(I)が有するアミド基とを反応させることにより形成することができる。当該変性PVA(A)中の単量体単位(I)及び構造単位(II)の含有率は、単量体単位(I)を与える単量体の種類、けん化反応に供する原料溶液中の含水率、けん化反応に供するアルカリのモル比、けん化反応後の乾燥時の当該変性PVA(A)の樹脂温度、及び乾燥時間を特定の範囲に調整することによって制御できる。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、当該変性PVA(A)を含有する。当該樹脂組成物は、当該変性PVA(A)を含有するので、冷水溶解性、機械的強度及び耐薬品性に優れるフィルムを形成することができる。当該樹脂組成物における当該変性PVA(A)の含有率の下限としては、30質量%が好ましく、50質量%がより好ましく、70質量%がさらに好ましい。一方、上記含有率の上限としては、99質量%が好ましく、95質量%がより好ましく、90質量%がさらに好ましい。
上記糖類としては、例えばグルコース等の単糖類、オリゴ糖、多糖類、鎖状糖アルコール等が挙げられる。上記多糖類としては、例えば澱粉、セルロース、キチン、キトサン、ヘミセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、ペクチン、プルラン、寒天、アルギン酸、カラギーナン、デキストリン、トレハロース等が挙げられ、これらのうち1種又は2種以上を用いることができる。上記鎖状糖アルコールとしては、例えばトレイット、エリトリット等の炭素数4のテトリット類、アラビット、キシリット等の炭素数5のペンチット類、グリシット、マンニット、ソルビット等の炭素数6のヘキシット類等が挙げられる。当該樹脂組成物は、上記糖類を含有することにより、得られるフィルムの冷水溶解性を高めたり、耐ホウ酸イオン性を高めたり、薬品包装後、特に当該変性PVA(A)を劣化させる薬品(塩素系物質等)を包装した後の冷水溶解性の低下を抑制することができる。これらの糖類のうち、澱粉が好ましい。澱粉としては、例えばトウモロコシ、馬鈴薯等の生澱粉、加工澱粉(デキストリン、酸化澱粉、エーテル化澱粉、カチオン化澱粉等)などを用いることができる。
一般に、水溶性フィルムには、高温多湿の地域や寒冷地での使用にも耐え得るような強度やタフネスが要求され、特に低温での耐衝撃性が必要とされる。当該樹脂組成物は、可塑剤を含有することで、低温での耐衝撃性を向上させたり、フィルムのガラス転移点を下げたり、水に対する溶解性を向上させたりすることができる。
上記無機フィラーとしては、例えばシリカ、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン、珪藻土、硫酸バリウム、硫酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、酸化亜鉛、珪酸、珪酸塩、マイカ、炭酸マグネシウム、カオリン、ハロイサイト、パイロフィライト、セリサイト等のクレー、タルク等が挙げられる。これらのうち2種以上を併用してもよい。上記無機フィラーの平均粒子径の下限としては、得られるフィルムの耐ブロッキング性の観点から、1μmが好ましい。一方で、上記平均粒子径の上限としては、当該樹脂組成物への分散性の点から、10μmが好ましい。上記無機フィラーを含有することにより発現するフィルムの耐ブロッキング性と、当該樹脂組成物への上記無機フィラーの分散性との両方の要求特性を満足させるには、平均粒子径が1μm~7μm程度の大きさの無機フィラーを用いることが好ましい。
当該樹脂組成物は、さらに必要に応じて、着色剤、香料、増量剤、消泡剤、剥離剤、紫外線吸収剤、界面活性剤等の他の添加剤を適宜含有してもよい。当該樹脂組成物が上記界面活性剤を含有する場合、上記界面活性剤の含有量としては、製膜装置のダイスやドラム等の金属表面と、製膜したフィルムやフィルム原液との剥離性を向上させる観点から、当該変性PVA(A)100質量部に対して、0.01質量部以上5質量部以下が好ましい。また、当該樹脂組成物は、必要に応じて、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内で、当該変性PVA(A)とは異なる種類のPVA、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリアクリル酸又はその塩等の水溶性高分子を含有してもよい。さらに、当該樹脂組成物は、酢酸ナトリウム等のアルカリ金属塩をさらに含有してもよい。当該樹脂組成物が上記アルカリ金属塩を含有する場合、上記アルカリ金属塩の金属元素換算の含有量としては、当該変性PVA(A)100質量部に対して、例えば0.1質量部以上5質量部以下である。
当該樹脂組成物は、当該変性PVA(A)と、上述したような当該変性PVA(A)以外の成分とを混合することにより調製することができる。具体的には、例えばこれらの成分を撹拌槽中で溶媒に溶解又は分散させ、必要に応じてその後溶媒を除去する方法、押出機中で溶融混練する方法等の公知の方法で調製することができる。
当該樹脂組成物の形態に特に制限はなく、例えば粉末状、チップ状、塊状、溶液状等が挙げられる。また、後述するフィルムや、あるいは各種立体形状等の成形体の形態であってもよい。
本発明のフィルムは、当該変性PVA(A)を含有する。当該フィルムは、当該変性PVA(A)のみを含有していてもよいし、上述した本発明の樹脂組成物から構成されていてもよい。当該フィルムは、当該変性PVA(A)を含有するので、冷水溶解性、機械的強度及び耐薬品性に優れる。従って、当該フィルムは、衣料用洗剤、漂白剤、農薬等の各種薬品の包装材として好適に用いられる。
当該フィルムの製造方法は特に限定されるものではなく、キャスト法、溶融押し出し法等の公知の方法により製造できる。例えば、当該変性PVA(A)と所望により当該変性PVA(A)以外の成分とを水性溶媒(例えば水)に溶解し、得られる溶液を平滑な流延面に載置させ、上記水性溶媒が蒸発した後、上記流延面から剥離すると、透明で均一な本発明のフィルムが得られる。上記水性溶媒としては、水が好ましい。上記流延面は、スチール、アルミニウム、ガラス、ポリマー(例えばポリオレフィン、ポリエチレン、ポリアミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリハロカーボン等)などのように、平滑で硬質の材料であればよい。上記水性溶媒の蒸発速度は、上記流延面を加熱するか、沈着した溶液を例えば加熱空気か赤外線に曝すことにより高めることができる。上記流延面は平らなものでもよいし、例えば標準(ドラム型)の工業用のフィルム製造用流延機のように、円筒形のものであってもよい。当該フィルムは、次いでオーブン乾燥することで得られる。
PVA(変性PVAを含む)の重合度及びケン化度は、JIS-K6726-1994に記載の方法により求めた。
変性PVAにおける単量体単位(I)の含有率は、1H-NMRを用いた方法に準じて求めた。
変性PVAにおける構造単位(II)の含有率は、1H-NMRを用いた方法に準じて求めた。
10℃の恒温バスにマグネティックスターラーを設置した。1リットルの蒸留水を入れた1リットルのガラスビーカーを上記恒温バスに入れ、5cmの回転子を用いて250rpmで撹拌を行った。上記ビーカー内の蒸留水が10℃になった後、冷水溶解性の測定を次のように行った。すなわち、フィルムを40mm×40mmの正方形に切り、これをスライドマウントにはさみ、10℃の撹拌している上記水中に浸漬してフィルムの溶解状態を観察し、フィルムが完全に溶解するまでの時間(秒数)を測定した。冷水溶解性は、フィルムが完全に溶解するまでの時間が30秒未満の場合を「AA」(特に良好)と判定し、30秒以上45秒未満の場合を「A」(良好)と判定し、45秒以上の場合を「B」(不良)と判定した。
フィルムから10cm×15cmの袋を作り、内部に薬品としてのボルドー剤と珪藻土との混合物(質量比1:3)40gを入れ、140℃で熱シールして密封した。この包装体をさらにアルミニウムにポリエチレンをラミネートしたフィルムで包み、熱シールすることにより二重に密封包装し、薬品を密封した包装体から水や可塑剤が飛散しないようにした。これを長期保存の促進試験として、40℃の恒温器に入れて放置し、4週間後に取り出して、包装していたフィルムの冷水溶解性を上述の方法にて測定し、薬品包装前との経時変化を調べた。耐薬品性は、促進試験前後においてフィルムが完全に溶解するまでの時間の差が5秒未満の場合を「A」(良好)と判定し、5秒以上の場合を「B」(不良)と判定した。
幅10mmのフィルムを、20℃、65%RHの雰囲気のもとで1週間調湿した後、オートグラフで引張り試験を行った。チャック間隔は50mm、引張り速度は500mm/minとした。ヤング率が2.0kg/mm2以上であり、引張破断強度が2.0kg/cm2以上の場合を「A」(良好)と判定し、ヤング率が2.0kg/mm2未満であるか、又は引張破断強度が2.0kg/cm2未満である場合を「B」(不良)と判定した。
(PVA-1の合成)
還流冷却器、原料供給ライン、反応液取出ライン、温度計、窒素導入口及び撹拌翼を備えた重合槽(連続重合装置)を用いた。この重合槽に酢酸ビニル(VAM)(656L/hr)、メタノール(MeOH)(60L/hr)、変性種として2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸ナトリウム(AMPS)の20質量%メタノール溶液(125L/hr)、及び2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメトキシバレロニトリル)(AMV)の2質量%メタノール溶液(23L/hr)を定量ポンプを用いて連続的に供給した。その後、重合槽内の液面が一定になるように重合槽から重合液を連続的に取り出した。このとき、重合槽から取り出される重合液中の酢酸ビニルの重合率が40%になるよう調整した。重合槽の滞留時間は4時間であった。重合槽から取り出される重合液の温度は63℃であった。重合槽から重合液を取り出し、この重合液にメタノール蒸気を導入することで未反応の酢酸ビニルの除去を行い、変性ポリ酢酸ビニル(変性PVAc)のメタノール溶液(濃度35%)を得た。
上記合成したPVA-1の100質量部に対し、可塑剤としてグリセリンを15質量部、糖類としてエーテル化澱粉を10質量部、無機フィラーとして平均粒子径3μmのタルクを5質量部、ナトリウム元素換算で酢酸ナトリウムを0.8質量部、及び水を添加して均一な5質量%水溶液(含水率95質量%)を調製した。この水溶液をポリエステルフィルム上に流延して室温で乾燥した後、ポリエステルフィルムから剥離することにより、平均厚み50μmのフィルムを作製した。得られたフィルムに100℃で10分間熱処理を行った。
(PVA-2~PVA-11の合成)
表1に記載した条件に変更したこと以外は、PVA-1と同様の方法により、PVA(PVA-2~PVA-11)を合成した。
表2に示す各種PVAを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてフィルムを作製した。
Claims (3)
- 下記式(I)で表される単量体単位及び下記式(II)で表される構造単位を含む変性ポリビニルアルコールであって、
上記変性ポリビニルアルコールの全単量体単位に対する下記式(I)で表される単量体単位の含有率が0.05モル%以上10モル%以下であり、
上記変性ポリビニルアルコールの全単量体単位に対する下記式(II)で表される構造単位の含有率が0.001モル%以上0.5モル%以下であり、
粘度平均重合度が300以上3,000以下、ケン化度が82モル%以上99.5モル%以下である変性ポリビニルアルコール。
- 請求項1に記載の変性ポリビニルアルコールを含有する樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の変性ポリビニルアルコールを含有するフィルム。
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EP15849581.2A EP3205675B1 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2015-10-06 | Modified polyvinyl alcohol, resin composition, and film |
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