WO2016027399A1 - 重ね部段差に適応しうる複合ヒートシール構造 - Google Patents
重ね部段差に適応しうる複合ヒートシール構造 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016027399A1 WO2016027399A1 PCT/JP2015/003189 JP2015003189W WO2016027399A1 WO 2016027399 A1 WO2016027399 A1 WO 2016027399A1 JP 2015003189 W JP2015003189 W JP 2015003189W WO 2016027399 A1 WO2016027399 A1 WO 2016027399A1
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- seal
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- heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/52—Details
- B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
- B65D75/5855—Peelable seals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
- B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
- B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
- B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
- B29C65/222—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip comprising at least a single heated wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/76—Making non-permanent or releasable joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/82—Testing the joint
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/82—Testing the joint
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/82—Testing the joint
- B29C65/8207—Testing the joint by mechanical methods
- B29C65/8246—Pressure tests, e.g. hydrostatic pressure tests
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/133—Fin-type joints, the parts to be joined being flexible
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/345—Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
- B29C66/3452—Making complete joints by combining partial joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B65D77/38—Weakened closure seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
- B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
- B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
- B29C66/849—Packaging machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
- B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7128—Bags, sacks, sachets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7162—Boxes, cartons, cases
- B29L2031/7164—Blister packages
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat seal structure that can surely seal a stepped line formed on a heat seal portion of a flexible packaging bag formed by application of a plastic film or sheet and can be easily opened.
- Fig. 1 shows the structure of the double-sided heating system, which is the basis of the heat sealing heating technique.
- this heat sealing apparatus is provided with a pair of heating elements 1 and 2 that heat and heat seal the heat sealing material 4, and the heat sealing is performed by advancing and retreating them.
- the heating elements 1 and 2 are automatically adjusted so that the heating surface in contact with the heat seal material 4 has a predetermined heating temperature. Normally, set the same temperature.
- the time required for the bonding surface (heat sealing surface 3) of the heat sealing material 4 to reach a predetermined temperature is pressure-bonded. Thereafter, the contact between the heating elements 1 and 2 is quickly released, and the heat bonding (heat sealing) is completed by returning to room temperature by natural heat dissipation or preferably forced cooling.
- the adhesion phenomenon of plastic starts with the interface adhesion (temperature zone Tp) of only the adhesion surface as the adhesion surface temperature rises, and the adhesion force (heat seal strength) gradually increases.
- Tp interface adhesion
- the adhesion force heat seal strength
- FIG. 2 When the sample at each heating temperature is cut into a strip shape, the end of the non-adhered part is picked and a tensile test is performed, a peel seal from which the adhesive surface peels can be measured.
- the sealant In the heating temperature zone Tb where the adhesive layer (sealant) is in a molten state, the sealant is in a mixed state, and when cooled, the entire adhesive layer becomes a cohesive adhesive in the mold state, and the adhesive surface is lost.
- the tensile strength in the cohesive bonding state is the elongation strength of the material or the breaking strength of the bonding edge. Conventionally, there is a common sense that the state of cohesive adhesion is a good heat seal.
- an internal pressure increases due to an external force applied to the bag, or a tensile force is applied to the heat seal wire inside the heat seal surface due to a moving impact of the filling due to vibration during dropping or transportation. Due to this action, the heat seal wire inside the bag is broken and a pinhole is formed or the bag is broken.
- the applied damage energy is converted into the peel energy of the adhesive surface and digested.
- Tensile energy behaves equivalent to actual bag breaking energy. If the peel length is designed so that the integrated value of peel energy is larger than the fracture energy of cohesive bonding (energy up to yield fracture), even if the peel seal strength is smaller than the breaking strength, the entire peel seal surface is affected by external force. It becomes a function to prevent breakage of the heat seal surface. (Reference: Patent No. 5435813)
- the peel seal simultaneously has an important function of easy opening expected on the heat seal surface.
- the plastic material used for packaging is supplied in the form of a film or sheet, and the product is filled / sealed after the bag is made by the heat seal technique.
- the fusing seal is not applicable to lamination materials.
- the envelope pasting of ii) is a double stack of four sheets, but it is necessary to form an adhesive layer on both sides of the material, which increases the cost and complicates handling of the packaging material. Satisfactory improvement has not been achieved. At present, measures are taken with a combination of i) and iii) to viii), but satisfactory results have not been obtained.
- the above prior art is based on heat sealing so as not to cause leakage at the stepped portion, and a heat seal that can be easily opened while ensuring the heat sealing of the stepped portion was unexpected.
- the present inventor firstly uses a “defect inspection method” (JIS Z 2343-1, Z2343-4, ASTM) for a fine defect on a metal surface as a means for strictly evaluating the sealing performance of a commercially available bag having a stepped portion. E1417 / E1417M compliant). And this was applied to the leak test method of the package of [JIS Z 0238] and [ASTM D3078], and after examining the contents of many packaged products collected from the market, the flaw detection liquid inspection was performed.
- a “defect inspection method” JIS Z 2343-1, Z2343-4, ASTM
- the outline of the flaw detection liquid inspection method is shown in FIG.
- the flaw detection liquid a brewing alcohol dyed red with an edible red dye was used.
- the flaw detection solution was instilled from the syringe into the vicinity of the inside of the heat seal line, and the penetration state of the heat seal surface was examined by visual observation and magnifying observation.
- the present inventor cut a part of the packaging bag material in which a defect was found and performed a standard heat sealing operation. A flaw detection solution was instilled inside the seal line to investigate leakage. As shown in FIG. 5, a leak similar to a defect of a market sample was confirmed in a stepped portion or the like.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a heat sealing apparatus and a heat sealing method that can reliably seal the step portion and can be easily opened in the heat seal of the bag having the overlapping portion step.
- the gusset bag is folded on both sides of the bag to form a gusset fold, and a center seal portion 5 is provided at the center and sealed with a palm.
- the gusset folding parts 6-1 and 6-2 on both sides and the center seal part 5 at the center are four sheets, and two sheets are stacked 7 between them.
- the load is pressure bonded first, then the center seal portion 5 with one bent portion, and finally two sheets in between Part 7 is crimped.
- the incomplete contact area of minute size due to overlapping steps can reduce leakage with liquid with high viscosity of filling, but loss of moisture prevention and vacuum packaging function, invasion of microorganisms, air, fragrance components, etc. Easy passage, divergence of the scent component of the product occurs in the surrounding environment, and the quality of the packaged product is degraded.
- Conventional gusset bags are not suitable for packaging containing gaseous toxic materials.
- the amount of air passing through a through hole of about 100 ⁇ m was about 8,600 ml / (atom ⁇ 24 hr ⁇ 2 places) and about 480 ml / (atom ⁇ 24 hr ⁇ 2 places) for water. Since this amount corresponds to thousands to tens of thousands of the gas barrier properties of the bag, it cannot be ignored. (Reference: Abstracts of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Japan Society of Packaging [d-01], p.12-13) The following factors are involved in the generation of the through hole in the stepped portion. (1) Bending stress at the bent part (2) Step size (material thickness) (3) Melting temperature of material (4) Flow movement of adhesive layer
- the heat-seal surface where four and two layers of material are mixed has a difference in thickness twice that of the material. .
- the center seal part 5 Since there is only one center seal part 5, the center seal part 5 is insufficiently crimped corresponding to a step corresponding to one bent part. Therefore, the stepped portion 8-1 has more sealing defects than the stepped portions 8-1 and 8-3.
- the heat seal pressure for normal surface heating is suitably 0.1 to 0.4 MPa, but this gives a stress of 10 to 40 N per cm 2 .
- the applied load first acts on the flattening of the folds, and then acts on other flat parts. Therefore, if there is a crease, the stress ratio to the flat part becomes small, and the desired pressure bonding cannot be achieved.
- the present inventor makes at least three materials and the bent portion diameter equivalent to two materials or less. It was thought that it was necessary to crush and give plastic deformation. (See Figure 7) If the plastic deformation of crushing is performed in a planar shape, a very large load is required. Therefore, the present inventor has selected a linear local load method instead of a planar shape.
- a heat jaw was prepared in which a flat heat-resistant elastic body (silicone rubber) was disposed on the pressure receiving cradle side, and the other heating body was configured with a linear protrusion 11 having a height adjusted.
- a flat heat-resistant elastic body silicone rubber
- the material of the local crimping part of the line protrusion 11 is deformed and continues to be flat-bonded after being buried, the material breakage due to the high pressure bonding of the line protrusion 11 can be self-controlled, and the four-part crimping is necessarily completed.
- the present invention has been made based on these ideas and trial tests, and a heat seal is peeled off from the package to provide a strip shape, and a linear heat seal is provided in the longitudinal direction in the strip peel heat seal.
- a heat sealing apparatus for heat sealing by sandwiching a heat sealing material between a pair of heating elements and a composite heat sealing structure characterized by being attached with a peel seal, a cross section projects in an arc shape on one heating surface
- a heat seal device in which a linear protrusion having a height of 0.05 to 2 mm is provided in the longitudinal direction of the heating surface and an elastic body is mounted on the other heating surface is used.
- the heat sealing method is characterized in that the heat sealing is performed by setting the temperature to a certain temperature.
- the effects of the present invention are listed below. (1) It is possible to eliminate incomplete bonding of a plurality of overlapping seal stepped portions of bag material. (2) By simultaneously operating the protrusion seal and the flat seal band, it is possible to prevent damage to the external force due to the peeling energy of the narrow local tightly sealed portion and the surface heating portion. (3) According to the present invention, the adhesive surface is not necessarily brought into a cohesive bonding state, and a hermetic seal can be achieved even in an interface bonding state. (4) If the flat seal part is peeled off and finished into a seal, the bag breaking resistance can be greatly improved by using the peeling energy. (Horizontal development of Patent No.
- a packaging bag having a plurality of lap seal portions such as gusset folds can be positively introduced without worrying about the lap seal, and the degree of freedom in packaging shape design can be expanded.
- a heating function is added to the line projections, and the heating conditions of the local contact area and the planar area are individually controlled to heat the flat area close to the interface and the local adhesion area close to the boundary between the interface adhesion and the cohesive adhesion.
- a sealing property can be further increased.
- Use of a heat seal part makes it possible to achieve both easy opening and sealing.
- the present invention is basically applied to heat sealing when a packaging bag is made, but as shown in FIG. 6, there are the following four typical bag making shapes.
- a four-sided sealing bag that stacks the sheets in a flat shape and seals the four sides
- a three-sided seal bag that folds the sheet and seals the three sides
- the envelope bag is made of two overlapping envelopes at the center part of the center seal of the pillow bag.
- the pillow bag is a modification of the three-side seal bag. First, center the seal with the forming tool so that it is located near the center of the back of the bag. After that, including the part where the newly created center seal part (fin) is folded, the upper and lower parts are sealed and cut.
- the two parts of the center seal of the pillow bag are overlapped. There is a feature that there are no fins due to the joining of the palms, with a small step on the laminating surface.
- FIG. 1 A sectional view of the heat seal surface is added to the five types of bag making diagrams shown in FIG. From this figure, it can be seen that there are creases and overlapping portions except for the four-side seal bag and the three-side seal bag, and there is a problem in uniform pressure-bonding sealing with a flat plate.
- the height of the overlapped portion step is usually caused by the thickness of one or two films or sheets that are heat seal materials.
- the heat sealing surface is not linear, and curved sealing is also performed for convenience of bag design, making it difficult to apply tension to the heat sealing surface (see FIG. 10B).
- Solving the problem with gusset bags is also a drastic measure against the occurrence of unexpected steps (folds) on the heat seal surface. Accordingly, the countermeasure against the step portion of the present invention is effective even in the case of a flat plate seal.
- the present invention is not limited to bags, but can be widely applied to cup containers, blister packaging for storing tablets, capsules, and the like.
- the film or sheet which is a heat seal material, may be a single layer or a plurality of layers as long as there is a heat sealable layer.
- the material of the heat-sealable layer may be any material that can be heat-sealable, but is usually an ethylene copolymer such as polyethylene or polypropylene. In addition, non-crystallized polyethylene terephthalate can be used.
- the thickness of the heat-sealable layer is not particularly limited, but is usually about 3 to 200 ⁇ m, typically about 5 to 150 ⁇ m. Referring to the experimental results, the application of the present invention requires that the thickness of the layer that can be heat-sealed to make up the stepped portion is 10% or more of the total thickness of the material.
- Multi-layer films and sheets are laminated with two or more materials to improve printability, breakage resistance, gas barrier properties, bag rigidity adjustment, and prevention of sticking to softened heating plates.
- At least one surface layer is provided with an adhesive layer (sealant) that can be heat-sealed.
- the surface layer material used as the outer surface of a bag selects the material which does not produce thermoplasticity in the application temperature range of a contact bonding layer.
- the thickness of the multi-layer film or sheet is not particularly limited, but is usually about 20 to 200 ⁇ m, typically about 20 to 120 ⁇ m.
- the width of the heat seal of the bag may be a normal width, generally about 3 to 20 mm, typically about 5 to 15 mm.
- the heat seal width may be the same for all heat seal portions, or may be different for, for example, an upper side seal and a center seal.
- the composite heat seal structure of the present invention includes a strip-like peel heat seal provided in a strip shape by a peel seal, and a linear peel heat seal provided in the longitudinal direction therein. In the case of a packaging bag, the strip peel heat seal is provided on the side to be opened, and its width is generally about 3 to 30 mm, typically about 5 to 15 mm.
- the adhesion strength which is the peel strength, is usually preferably about 2 to 15 N / 15 mm, and generally about 2 to 12 N / 15 mm. If it is set within this range, for example, it is possible to cope with easy-opening according to applications with restrictions that are difficult to open with children.
- strip seal The present inventor conducted the following experiment in order to confirm the effect of the filament heat seal of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “strip seal”).
- test materials are as follows.
- (A) is a packaging material that is generally used for pillow packaging in the market as a whole.
- (B) is a single material, and the entire material softens almost uniformly in the vicinity of the temperature range where adhesion occurs. The bending force is reduced, and a local pressure seal is completed even with a stress of about 25 N / 10 mm.
- (C) a copolymer material of PP is applied to the sealant on the surface layer material equivalent to (B).
- Heating body 1 and 2 have the same heating surface temperature, peel seal temperature zone (interfacial adhesion temperature zone); Tp sealant melted melt seal temperature zone (cohesive adhesion temperature zone); Tb was heated .
- the surface temperature of the heating element where the heating element and the material contact each other was adjusted to an accuracy of 0.2 to 0.3 ° C. using [Patent No. 4626662].
- FIG. 8 shows the configuration of the crimping part and the material of the heat sealing apparatus of the confirmation experiment. As shown in the figure, this heat sealing apparatus is configured such that one of a pair of flat heating elements 1 and 2 can be advanced and retracted by an air cylinder 14. A linear protrusion 11 is provided.
- the material was folded so that the width L of the four-layered portion was adjusted to 10 to 50 mm by adjusting the position of the bent portion 9.
- the tip was assumed to be approximately 1 mm in length.
- the additional load was precisely adjusted to the supply pressure of the air cylinder 14 and the constant pressure generation load was 125N.
- One side of the gusset folding part 6 was used for the test.
- the actual crimping force per unit length is inversely proportional to the width L of the overlapped portion.
- the heating of the step line is completed by conductive heating from the material, and the defect is lost, which is different from the actual defect phenomenon.
- the bonding time was set to the shortest time to reach the equilibrium temperature by using the welding surface temperature measurement method [Patent No. 3346541]. The heating time for this experiment was 1-3 s.
- the related elements of whether or not the step portion is in close contact are related to the heating temperature zone, the pressure load, the height of the overlapped portion, and the material (mainly rigidity).
- the filament seal part 10 after thermocompression bonding was inspected by the flaw detection liquid method shown in FIG. A summary of the test results is shown in Table 1. From this result, the approximate load and temperature range necessary for the completion of local crimping of general-purpose packaging materials could be identified.
- the load applied in the test is converted into stress, it becomes 25N load; 10MPa, 42N load; 17MPa.
- the close contact of the step portion is completed, but the sealant or material under this condition is in a molten state, and the material is easily broken by linear crimping, or the adhesive surface is used.
- the finish is not suitable for opening.
- the width and depth of the line seal formed by the line protrusions of the heating body basically match the width and height of the line protrusions.
- the width of the filament seal is about 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably about 0.1 to 1.5 mm, and the depth is about 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably about 0.1 to 1.5 mm.
- the adhesive strength of the filament seal is about 2 to 15 N / 15 mm, preferably about 2 to 12 N / 15 mm.
- This strip seal is provided in the longitudinal direction of the strip-like heat seal, and it is closer to the outer edge rather than the center of the heat seal surface, and the strip seal surface is placed inside the packaging bag rather than being provided at the center of the strip-like heat seal. For example, a range of about 60 to 90% of the entire width from the inner edge is appropriate (see FIG. 10A).
- the number of filament seals is one, but a plurality of, for example, two or three, can be provided by increasing the local pressure-bonding load as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the composite heat seal structure of the present invention can be manufactured by a heat seal device including a pair of heating bodies, an operation mechanism thereof, and a heating mechanism.
- the heating element is basically the same as that of the conventional heat sealing device, and the pair of heating elements are configured so that the heating surfaces are parallel, and therefore the entire surface is pressurized with an equal pressure during heat sealing, Be placed.
- the heating surface is usually a flat surface.
- variety of the at least one heating surface can heat only the heat seal part formed in a heat seal material.
- the other heating surface may be the same as one heating surface, or a material that may be wider and function as a base is made of copper, aluminum, brass or stainless steel with high thermal conductivity. Used.
- the operating mechanism for clamping or releasing the heating body and the heat sealing material may be the same as that of the conventional heat sealing apparatus, and the operation may be performed by moving only one heating body or both.
- the heating mechanism for heating the heating element may be the same as that of a conventional heat sealing apparatus, and usually electricity is used.
- This device is characterized in that a linear protrusion is integrally provided on one heating plane of the heating body.
- FIG. 11 schematically shows the heat seal according to the present invention.
- This shows a state in which the end of the gusset bag is heat sealed, and the sheet of the elastic body 12 is installed on the heating surface which is the upper surface of the lower heating body 2 among the pair of heating bodies 1 and 2.
- a linear protrusion 11 is provided on the outer edge side of the center in the longitudinal direction of the heating surface, which is the lower surface of the upper heating body 1.
- the height of the line protrusion 11 is the length of the dotted line ab.
- interposed the edge part of the gusset bag between the two heating bodies 1 and 2 is shown to the figure (a).
- the gusset bag is sunk into the elastic body 12 by the crushing load as shown in FIGS.
- the gusset folding part 6 which is a 4 sheet part, and a level
- the crimping load can be dispersed without being localized, so that it is possible to self-control the fracture of the localized crimping site due to overload.
- thermocompression bonding operation If two requirements can be achieved at the same time by one thermocompression bonding operation, good heating control can be achieved, and it is an industrially simple and extremely effective method.
- the shore hardness is A50, A70, A80 directly on a heat-resistant silicone sheet with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm (without placing plastic material) 0.2
- a compression test was performed by placing strip rods of mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.9 mm (corresponding to the height of the line projection).
- the crimping plate was 1 cm ⁇ 2 cm.
- a round bar having a length of 2 cm was arranged at the center in the longitudinal direction of the crimping plate.
- the crimping area was converted to 1 cm 2 and 1 cm of the length of the linear protrusion.
- FIG. 9 Each symbol in FIG. 9 is defined as follows. dn: height of the line protrusion d1: bending allowance of the rubber plate immediately before the line protrusion is buried (only the protrusion) d2: Deflection allowance of rubber plate (including protrusions) just before burying the four sides d3: Deflection allowance of the rubber plate after the burial is added to the two sides f1: Pushing force immediately before the ridge protrusion is buried (N) f2: (Linear protrusion tip load) + (Compression load immediately before burying of the four sides) (N) f3: (Load at the tip of the line projection) + (Four-surface buried compression load) + (Two-surface buried compression load) (N) (1) Place a rubber plate on the lower surface (fixing base) of the jaws, and place two plastic materials of approximately 30mm x 20mm in the center.
- the compression end point d3 requires a stress of 0.1 to 0.4 MPa on the two sheets. In addition, it is selected so that [30 to 60 N / cm] is applied to the tip of the line projection. If appropriate conditions cannot be found with the applied rubber plate, reselect rubber plates with different hardness. From the above process, (1) The line connecting the loads 0 to d1 and the extrapolated line are the line segment (a) of the compression load characteristics of the line protrusions. (2) The line connecting d1-d2 is [the line protrusions This is the sum line segment (b) of [Immersion load] and [Compression characteristics of the four sides].
- the branching point d1 that shifts to the flat crimping shown in FIG. 9 can be determined by selecting the height of the line protrusion 11.
- a round bar having a diameter of 0.6 mm was fitted in the machining groove of the heating element 2 to set the height of 0.3 mm.
- the height of the line projections of 0.2 to 0.9 mm was determined. Actually, it is preferable to cut the corresponding arc shape on the heating surface of the heating element 1.
- FIG. 9 shows a dotted total load line (2) when d1 is changed to d1 '.
- the compression of the four surface portions can be accelerated, so the compression pressure of the two sheets can be increased with the same compression allowance. And since the compression allowance can be moved to the smaller side, the compression rate of the final rubber plate can be reduced to prevent damage to the rubber plate.
- the load values (f1 to f3) of each element are obtained by the difference of extrapolated line values as shown in the figure.
- the compression allowance of the present invention is determined by the hardness and thickness of the rubber plate, but is 0.4 to 3 mm.
- the height of the line protrusion is set to 0.05 mm or less, only the biting into the material will occur, and the effect will be drastically reduced.
- the height of the line protrusion is 0.05 to 2 mm.
- the thickness is preferably 0.1 to 1.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 mm.
- Necessary burial allowance can be managed by applying surface pressure stress / load source force.
- the pressure source of the air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder is adjusted as a constant load source or a load is applied via a spring, it is not necessary to directly manage the buried allowance d3.
- the compression force can be automatically applied by the elasticity of rubber.
- the cross-section of the tip of the line projection 11 is crafted in an arc shape so that the concentrated load acts sharply so that the material does not break and a clearance for plastic deformation of the material is made.
- the concentrated stress of local crimping is adjusted by selecting the arc diameter of the line projection.
- the height of the line protrusion is preferably equal to or less than half of the arc, preferably 20 to 100% of the radius of the arc, more preferably 50 to 50% so that the set dimension automatically shifts to crimping of the flat part after being buried. Set to 100%. Therefore, the width of the line protrusion is usually 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 mm. And self-control of the over-compression of local crimping.
- the line protrusion is not located at the center of the heating surface of the heating element 1, it is configured at a position 60 to 90%, preferably 70 to 80% from the inner edge of the bag seal. It is preferable to increase the protective function of the linear protrusion seal portion by increasing the planar bonding area inside the bag from the outside.
- d1 and d3 (free selection) can be measured, so f3 can be measured directly.
- f1 can be obtained by extrapolation of the 0-d1 line segment. Since the load characteristics of the four sheets can be extrapolated by linear approximation from d2 of the total load line, f2 can be known.
- f3-f2 acts on the two-sheet part
- f2-f1 acts on the four-sheet part
- f1 acts on the linear protrusion
- the compression range is set to less than 40% and the usage range is set, 3mm sheet ⁇ less than 1.5mm, 5mm sheet ⁇ less than 2mm), total compression load ⁇ less than 280N (2.8MPa) ( Load tolerance and load capacity of the device).
- the lower limit of the compression amount is not particularly limited, but is usually up to 5%.
- the filament seal of the present invention can be implemented under the conditions of the elastic body hardness (A50 to A80), thickness (3 to 5 mm), and line projection height (0.1 to 0.9 mm).
- the elastic body adjusts the local pressure-bonding load caused by the burying of the linear protrusion whose height is adjusted by the elastic coefficient and becomes an elastic pedestal for surface heating.
- the bending allowance (burial allowance) and the manifestation stress of the elastic body are acquired, and the necessary crimping force is self-controlled.
- Appropriate hardness is about A40 to A90, preferably about A50 to A80 in Shore hardness, and the thickness is about 0.5 to 8 mm, preferably about 1 to 5 mm.
- the elastic body must have heat resistance that can withstand the heat seal temperature.
- preferable materials include silicone rubber and fluorine rubber. It is preferable to select a sheet-like heat-resistant elastic body in which a pressure of 0.1 to 0.5 MPa is generated in two sheets within a compression of about 30% of the thickness of the elastic body (rubber plate). Further, an elastic body that has been subjected to a high thermal conductivity treatment in order to increase the operating speed is preferable.
- Table 3 shows the actual measurement results of the transition status of d1 of typical heat seal materials.
- the line protrusion imparts plastic deformation of the material by high pressure bonding and promotes adhesion from the flat surface pressure bonded portion. Since a gap of several tens of ⁇ m remains in the vicinity of the roots of the line projections as a clearance for local plastic deformation, the heat transfer capability is reduced. Further, since heating is performed through a small portion of the protrusion, the heating flow is reduced.
- the sealing performance of the strip seal of the peeling seal band is not always sufficient, and the range of compatibility between easy peeling using the peeling seal (easy opening) and sealing performance is narrow. Therefore, it is preferable to add a heat generation function to the line protrusion 11 to supplement the lack of heating around the local crimping portion and to individually adjust the heating operation of the line protrusion.
- Fig. 12 shows the configuration of the heat generation method of the line protrusions.
- a nichrome wire was used for the line protrusion. Electrical insulation between the nichrome wire and the heating element was performed with a 50 ⁇ m Teflon (registered trademark) sheet interposed. The insertion of the insulating material 15 also serves to generate a difference in heat generation temperature between the heating element and the linear protrusion.
- an oxide film can be formed on the heating surface of the heating element 1 or the surface of the protrusion rod, or a heat-resistant resin coating process can be used. When resin treatment is used, it is convenient to fix the linear protrusion rod.
- the constant current heating system has a feature that makes it easy to manage heat generation by adjusting the current value of the amount of heat generated per unit length of the wire projection heating element.
- the heating body temperature for this verification was selected to be 140 ° C. near the boundary temperature between the peel seal and tear seal of this material. Under these heating conditions, a slight temperature rise causes an overheated molten state. Therefore, it is convenient to determine whether or not the auxiliary heating of the line protrusion is appropriate.
- the heating element (striated projection; 0.3 mm) having a wire projection bar (nichrome wire) thickness of 0.6 mm ⁇ was confirmed by the same adjustment of the heating power. Since a gap of several tens of ⁇ m is formed around the line projection, heating is insufficient. Therefore, by adding a heat generation function to the line protrusion, it was possible to compensate for insufficient heating around the local crimping portion and to individually adjust the heating operation of the line protrusion.
- the heat sealing method of the present invention is a major modification except that the heating surface of one heating body is provided with a linear protrusion on the heating surface and the other is provided with an elastic body having appropriate elasticity corresponding thereto.
- the conventional heat sealing operation for forming a peel seal can be performed without performing the above procedure.
- the temperature of the heating surface of the heating element that performs heat sealing is set so that the heat seal peels off and becomes a seal.
- This peel seal is also defined in ASTM F88-07a, and the adhesion state is an interface adhesion state by intermolecular force bonding.
- the method for forming a peel seal can be obtained by changing the temperature of the material to be heat sealed and measuring the heat seal strength (adhesive strength).
- the temperature is adjusted so as to obtain a desired adhesive strength in the temperature range where the peel seal is formed.
- the temperature at which the seal is peeled off is usually a melting point when polypropylene is taken as an example; a range of 136 to 144 ° C., preferably a range of 138 to 142 ° C. with respect to 170 ° C. is preferable.
- the wire projection Since the wire projection is installed on the surface of the heating element, it usually has the same temperature as the heating surface. However, since the fine part becomes the heating part, the heating flow is insufficient. When the selected heating zone is on the low temperature side, heating is insufficient and the completion of the sealing of the filament seal portion is impaired. Therefore, it is better to increase the temperature by about 3 to 5 ° C. using the heat generation function.
- ⁇ Normal heat seal pressure is required to be 0.1-0.4MPa.
- the height of the line protrusion and the elasticity of the elastic body are adjusted so that a load of about 25 to 60 N / 10 mm, preferably about 30 to 50 N / 10 mm, is applied to the heat seal material from the end of the line protrusion.
- ⁇ Selecting the actual operating time depends on the thickness of the packaging material and the heat conduction characteristics, so it is better to determine the proper operating speed by measuring the temperature response of the weld surface.
- the four portions pressed by the linear protrusions are buried in the elastic body.
- a part of the elastic body due to the burying of the four sheet parts and the line protrusions rises due to plastic deformation and promotes the push-up of the material of the two sheet parts, and comes into pressure contact with the facing heating body.
- the acute overlapping stepped portion cannot be completely crimped, a through hole of several tens of ⁇ m remains around the stepped portion.
- the heat seal material can complete local contact with the line protrusions.
- Applicable elastic body Shore hardness; A50, A70, A80 thickness; 3,5mm heat-resistant silicone rubber ⁇ Sample: Single film: Polypropylene (CPP); 50 ⁇ m ⁇ Sample configuration: Gusset length: 20mm x 2, Center seal width: 20mm, 2 sheets: 35mm x 2 ⁇ Total length of sample: 130 mm, heat seal width: 15 mm (inside of line seal: 10 mm, outside: 5 mm) crimping area: 1950 mm 2 (see FIG.
- Test condition Sample cover material: 0.05mm “Teflon (registered trademark)” sheet (smooth) [Preventing welding of material to the heating element]
- Load adjustment Air cylinder output by precise pressure adjustment; 0.3 to 0.6 MPa / generated load; 400 to 800 N Surface temperature control range of the applied sample: 134 to 144 ° C. ( ⁇ 0.2 ° C.), (heating rate; CUT; 2.0 s)
- the heating body 1 Before the heat seal material 4 is heated, the heating body 1 is pressed against the elastic body 12 to heat the elastic body to the set temperature, and the heat seal material is promptly heated. 4 was heated under pressure. Heating time: The shortest (99.9%) equilibrium temperature arrival time measured by welding surface temperature response measurement was about 2 s, so 1 s was added to make 3 s. Post-heating treatment: Immediately after completion of pressure heating, a room temperature aluminum block was pressed and cooled.
- the left side of / indicates the finish of the adhesive surface
- the right side indicates the sealing performance.
- the finish of the adhesive surface is based on the following evaluation. ⁇ Finishes with no wrinkles on the double-sided seal except for the vicinity of the line protrusions ⁇ A state where wrinkles remain sparsely on the two sheets ⁇ A state where wrinkles are generated on the entire surface of the two sheets Based on the following evaluation.
- the heating temperature is 136 to 138 ° C when the line projection height is 0.2, 0.3, 0.5 mm.
- the peel seal band heat seal strength: 2.8 to 3.2 N / 15 mm
- sealing is impossible up to the vicinity of the pressure-bonding pressure limit (0.27 MPa).
- the height of the line projections, the hardness and thickness of the elastic body, the heating temperature, and the pressure of the pressure are functioning as control elements.
- control element makes it easy to adjust the heat seal strength of the flat bonded part, and using Patent No. 5435813, it was confirmed that the easy opening with the peel seal applied was achieved.
- the present invention makes it possible to achieve both easy opening and sealing using the heat-bonded surface.
- Implementation example (2) Improvement of finished range of filament seals by individual heating of filament protrusions From the observation of the tensile test in the implementation example (1), the plastic deformation of the crimped part of the filament protrusions has been completed. It was found that the adhesive strength of the protrusion was smaller than that of the flat portion. The improvement was verified by the method of adding a heat generation function to the above-mentioned linear protrusion.
- the wire protrusion was replaced with nichrome wire, and a heating function of about 0.2W / 1cm was added regardless of the thickness.
- thermocompression bonding test as in the implementation example (1) was performed to confirm the ability to improve the sealing of leakage in the heating part of the filament protrusion.
- Fig. 14 shows the peel seal result of the tensile test of a heated specimen having a heating temperature of 140 ° C, an elastic sheet A70, and a linear projection size of 0.2 mm. It can be seen that clean peeling occurs in the seal with the filament seal added.
- Example (3) Verification and evaluation of step seal failure occurring in commercially packaged products according to the present invention
- the materials OPP / LLDDE shown in Table 1 are packaging materials that are generally widely applied to pillow packaging. .
- the cause of the occurrence of the “defect” of the product seal is verified / evaluated by the method of the present invention.
- the sealant for this material is LLDPE.
- the boundary temperature between the peel and tear seal is 108 ° C. 105 to 114 ° C is the proper temperature range for the sealant of this material. In the 114 ° C. line seal in this temperature range, a large stress of 90 N / 10 mm was required for the close contact of the stepped portion. Adhesion can be achieved with a stress of 30 N / 10 mm by heating at 120 ° C or higher.
- the temperature range within which adhesion is possible with respect to the peeling seal range is 12 ° C or more away from the high temperature side. Above 120 ° C, the sealant of this material becomes overheated, and the sealing surface becomes viscous and becomes an area of cohesive adhesion, so it is difficult to peel open and cannot be opened without using a flaw.
- the OPP of the surface layer material is not yet in a softened state.
- This example shows that this is caused by a design mismatch between the proper heating temperature of the sealant and the temperature at which the surface layer material softens.
- the application of the present invention was able to diagnose defects in the conventional sealing technique.
- heat sealing is performed in a tensioned state so as to eliminate wrinkles by grasping both ends of the heat sealing surface.
- the grip is slippery or the filling amount is large, the forming ability of the wrinkles becomes large and flattening may not be achieved. In this case, an overlap similar to the gusset folding occurs.
- the location where the problem occurs can not be limited to where on the heat seal surface.
- a heat seal that prevented leakage was obtained.
- the application of wire seals can cope with unexpected flaws and improve heat seal reliability.
- Cup material thickness 40 ⁇ m
- Lid material thickness Aluminum material: 10 ⁇ m was applied.
- FIG. 16 illustrates the peeling characteristics of the conventional method and the implementation example and the configuration of the application of the line seal.
- ⁇ Generation of pinholes can be fundamentally improved by forming strip protrusions in the shape of a circle around the part to be filled with tablets and applying linear seals.
- Packaging material specifications sheet material thickness: 300 ⁇ m, aluminum material: 20 ⁇ m were applied.
- FIG. 17 shows a configuration example of a blister package to which a filament seal is applied.
- the implementation of the present invention (1) can eliminate the sealing failure occurring at the stepped portion of the overlap seal. (2) The overlapping seal portion can be freely adopted, and the degree of freedom in designing the package shape is expanded. (3) Improvement of heat seal quality and reliability. (4) Since a reasonable applicable packaging material and packaging form can be selected, the packaging cost can be reduced. (5) It becomes possible to carry out both the sealing performance and the opening performance, which are the basic issues of heat sealing (presented by ASTM F88-).
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Abstract
Description
各加熱温度のサンプルを短冊状に切って、非接着部位の端を摘まんで引張試験をすると接着面が剥離する剥がれシールが計測できる。(図3(a)、(c)参照)
接着層(シーラント)が溶融状態になる加熱温度帯Tbではシーラントは混合状態になり、冷却すると接着層全体がモールド状態の凝集接着となり、接着面は喪失する。従って、接着面の端を引張っても剥離は起こらない。(図3(b),(c)参照)
凝集接着状態の引張強さは材料の伸び強さ又は接着エッジの破断強さとなる。従来は凝集接着の状態を良好なヒートシールとする慣行的な常識がある。
剥がれシールは同時にヒートシール面に期待される易開封の重要な機能を有する。
i)材料のシーラントの増厚、加熱温度の調整(高温化)による溶融させたシーラントの移動の埋め合わせで改善を求めている。
ii)密着の完成には溶融状態の凝集接着で改善している。これは剥がれシールの利用による易開封性の実施の阻害になっている。
iii)材料の両面に接着層を施し、2枚重ねの接着をする封筒貼りを採用して段差を小さくしている。
iv)加熱面にエンボス、ローレットや織布のザラザラ面の圧着を試みている。この方法は面加熱の間引き方法なので、高温、高点圧着になって、ピンホールの発生原因になっている。
v)鋸歯状(serrate)の加熱面を持った加熱体が多用されているが、金属体どうしの線や点の高圧着になって、段差部の断裂やピンホールの発生を起こし、確実な段差部の密封には成功していない。
vi)平面製袋では充填後の製品の四隅に角が出来て、包装袋の見栄えを悪くしている。ガセット袋を採用すればこの改善ができるが、シールの難しい重ね部が増加するので、ガセットシールの採用を回避している。
vii)圧着力の分散/均一化のために一方の加熱面全体に弾力体の設置を試みているが、面加熱のみなので、圧着面の僅かなバラツキ補償だけで、段差部の密着改善に成功していない。又弾性体の合理的な選択方法は提示されていない。
viii)特定した段差部位の2度打ち加熱方法があるが、段差個所がその都度移動したり、正確な位置決めが難しかったり、加熱面全体の不測の発生個所には対応できない欠点がある。
ix)単一層材の場合には溶断シールを適用して、断面を凝集接着して封止している。(溶断シールはラミネーション材料には適用できない。)
前記ii)の封筒貼りは4枚重ね部が2枚重ねになるが、材料の両面に接着層を構成する必要があり、コスト高になったり、包装材料の取り扱いが複雑になるにも関わらず、満足な改善が図られていない。現状は、i)とiii)~viii)の組み合わせで対策がとられているが、満足すべき成果は得られていない。
漏れの発生個所は重ねシールの段差部で共通的に発生することが分かった。
すなわち段差のあるヒートシール面を平行固形平面で圧着しても材料の全ての部位を密着するのは力学的に無理である。圧着の不足部位は加熱体からの直接伝導熱ではなく、輻射や材料の伝導加熱となり、長時間や材料全体が溶融する高温加熱を必要とする本質的な弱点があることが分かった。
本発明者の詳細な調査によれば、加熱面の凹凸や加熱面の平行度を10μm以下にしないと圧着の未完成により加熱斑が発生することが分かっている。(参考文献:第22回日本包装学会年次大会要旨集f-10、p.124)
重ね部段差を有する代表的な包装袋であるガセット袋の特徴の一つはヒートシールの一辺に3個所の4枚重ねのシール部位が存在する。これを平板の加熱体で圧着した状態を図7に示した。
段差部の貫通孔の発生は次の要素が関与している。
(1)屈曲部の曲げ応力
(2)段差寸法(材料の厚さ)
(3)材料の溶融温度
(4)接着層の流動移動
材料が4枚と2枚の重ねの混在するヒートシール面では、材料の2倍の厚さの相違があり、折り目が入ると更に屈曲径が加算される。
押し潰しの塑性変形を面状で行うと非常に大きな荷重が必要となる。そこで、本発明者は面状でなく線状の局部荷重方法を選択した。
(1)袋材料の複数枚の重ねシール段差部の接着未完成の解消ができる。
(2)突起シールと平面シール帯の併設と同時操作で、細い局部密着の密封部と面加熱部の剥離エネルギーによる外力の破損の防御が図れる。
(3)本発明によれば必ずしも接着面を凝集接着の状態にせず、界面接着状態でも密封シールが可能になる。
(4)平面シール部を剥がれシールに仕上げれば剥離エネルギーの利用で破袋耐性を大幅に向上できる。(特許第3811145号の横展開)
(5)重ねシールを気にせずにガセット折のような複数の重ねシール部を有する包装袋を積極的に導入でき、包装形状デザインの自由度が拡張できる。
(6)平面シールの袋に横展開することによって、材料の小さなしわによる密封性の阻害要因を排除して信頼性を大幅に向上できる。更に曲線状のヒートシール面の確実な密封が確保できる。
(7)カップや医薬品の固形包装に横展開して、易開封と密封の両立性能を向上できる。
(8)線条突起に発熱機能を付加し、局部密着部位と平面部位の加熱条件を個別に制御して、平面部位を界面接着、局部密着部位を界面接着と凝集接着の境界付近以上の加熱として密封性をより高めることができる。
(9)ヒートシール部位の利用で易開封性と密封性の両立を図ることができるようになる。
(2)シートを折り重ねて3辺をシールする三方シール袋、
(3)折り目の対面のシール面を包装商品の裏面のセンター付近に位置させ、商品の正面側からシール面が上下の2個所しか見えないようにしたピロー袋がある。
(4)封筒袋はピロー袋のセンターシールの合掌貼り部を2枚の重ね合わせの封筒貼りにする。
ピロー袋の両側に2ラインのまち(襠)を設けるとガセット(Gusset)袋になる。ガセット袋は立体状の製袋が可能なので、商品の見栄え性や充填効率がよい特長があり、更に自動化性が良好なのでピロー包装袋は食品分野を中心に軟包装に数多く利用されている。センターシールのフィンは開封時タブの機能を有する利便性もある。
本発明の複合ヒートシール構造は、剥がれシールで帯状に設けられた帯状剥がれヒートシールと、その内に長尺方向に設けられた線条剥がれヒートシールよりなる。
帯状剥がれヒートシールは包装袋の場合には開封しようとする辺に設けられ、その幅は、一般に3~30mm程度、典型的には5~15mm程度である。剥がれ強さである接着強度(ヒートシール強さ)は通常2~15N/15mm程度、一般的には
2~12N/15mm程度が好ましい。この範囲に設定すれば例えばこどもでは開け難い制限のある用途別の易開封に対応できる。
押し潰し成型による密着の完成の是非を次の方法で検証した。
(A)はピロー包装に市場全般で汎用的に利用されている包装材料である
(B)は単一体の材料であり、接着が発現する温度帯付近で、材料全体がほぼ均一に軟化するので屈曲力が小さくなり、25N/10mm程度の応力でも局部圧着シールが完成する。
(C)は(B)と同等の表層材にPPの共重合材をシーラントに適用している。
この線条シールは帯状剥がれヒートシールの長手方向に設けられ、ヒートシール面の中央ではなく外縁に寄せて線条シールを帯状剥がれヒートシールの中央に設けるよりも剥がれシール面を包装袋の内側により大きく設けることが好ましく、例えば、内縁から全幅の60~90%程度の範囲が適当である(図10(a)参照)。
本発明の複合ヒートシール構造は、1対の加熱体とその作動機構と加熱機構からなるヒートシール装置で作製することができる。
線条突起の局部圧着による段差部の密着が可能である。しかし、できあがった細い線条突起シール線に外力が直接掛かるとシール線は破損しやすいので、周辺に剥がれシールの平面接着部を併設し、その剥離エネルギーを利用して防御する(図14の0-9mmの剥離が相当する)。
常温下で、ショア―硬さがA50、A70、A80の厚さ1~5mmの耐熱シリコーンシート上に直接(プラスチック材を置かず)0.2mm、0.3mm、0.5mm、0.9mm(線条突起高さ相当)の条丸棒を置いて圧縮試験を行った。局部圧着のバラツキを考慮して、圧着板は1cm×2cmとした。長さが2cmの丸棒は圧着板の長手方向の中心部に配した。測定結果は圧着面積を1cm2と線条突起の長さの1cm当たりに換算した。
dn;線条突起の高さ
d1;線条突起が埋没する直前のゴム板の撓み代(突起部のみ)
d2;4面部の埋没直前のゴム板の撓み代(突起ぶを含む)
d3;2面部が埋没が付加した後のゴム板の撓み代
f1;線条突起の埋没直前の押し込み力 (N)
f2;(線条突起の先端荷重)+(4面部の埋没直前の圧縮荷重)(N)
f3;(線条突起の先端荷重)+(4面部の埋没圧縮荷重)+(2面部の埋没圧縮荷重)(N)
(1)ジョーの下面(固定台)にゴム板を置き、その中央に約30mm×20mmのプラスチック材を2枚重ねで置く。その中央に10mmの間隔で約20mm×10mmの同じプラスチック材を2枚重ねて置く。
(2)20mm×10mmの金属板の中央付近に長さ20mmの線条突起(0.2~0.5mmの丸棒)を固定する
(3)線条突起を固定した金属板をジョーの上面に下面と平行になるように固定する。
(4)ジョーの上面は荷重計を介して圧縮駆動源に接続する。
(5)線条突起版の中心とゴム板上に置かれたプラスチック材の中心を合わせる。
(6)圧縮源を下降方向に駆動するとジョー上面の金属板がプラスチックを介してゴム板に接触が開始する。d1=dn+(撓み代)に到達すると線条突起板の面接触が始まる。
(7)下降動作がd1=dn+(撓み代)までの荷重は線条突起の埋没特性を示す。この時の圧縮荷重特性は線分(a)となる
(8)等速で圧縮操作を続け、d1を超して、4面部の圧縮が開始される。
この時の荷重は線条突起と4面部の埋没荷重の和を示す。この時の圧縮荷重特性は線分(b)となる
(9)更に圧縮を継続すると4面部の埋没が完了してd2に到達して、2面部の圧縮が始まる。
(10)圧縮終了点d3は2枚部に0.1~0.4MPaの応力が必要である。
又、線条突起の先端に[30~60N/cm]が掛かるように選択する。
もし適用したゴム板で適正条件が見い出せない場合は硬軟の違うゴム板の再選択を行う。
以上の経過から
(1)荷重0からd1を結ぶ線とその外挿線は線条突起の圧縮荷重特性の線分(a)となる
(2)d1-d2を結ぶ線は[線条突起の埋没荷重]と[4面部の圧縮特性]の和の線分(b)となる。線分(b)
(3)d2-d3を結ぶ線は[線条突起の埋没荷重]+[4面部の圧縮埋没荷重]+「2面部の圧縮埋没荷重」の線分(c)となる。
(4)この操作で欲しい結果は
1)「線条突起の荷重」を[30~60N/cm]の確保
2)2枚部に0.1~0.4MPaの応力を付与すること。
3)4枚部は高圧着になるが成り行きに任せる。
4)1)、2)の要求を同時に達成できる弾力性のゴムシートを選択する。
5)図13(線条突起と平面圧縮特性)に示した各ゴム板の圧縮特性を参照して上記のシミュレーション範囲の該当ゴム板を選択する。
6)同一ゴム板でも、線条突起の高さを変化させることによって、線条突起の荷重と2枚部の応力を細かく調節できる。
図9に示した平面圧着に移行する分岐点d1は線条突起11の高さの選択で決めることができる。例として、線条突起の高さ0.3mmの設定は直径0.6mmの丸棒を加熱体2の加工溝に嵌めこんで0.3mm高さの条突起を設定した。同様にして、0.2~0.9mm線条突起高さを決定した。実際には相当する弧状を加熱体1の加熱面に切削加工をすることが好ましい。
又は最大圧縮代に相当するスペサーをジョー間に設置し、最大荷重より少し大きい荷重を与えれば、ゴムの弾力性によって自動的に圧縮力を付与できる。
線条突起の本数は、原則1本であるが複数本、例えば2~3本を設けてもよい。
このモデルにおいて線条突起部に荷重f3をかけると弾性体12にd3の埋没が起こる(図9参照)。この埋没は弾性体12の硬さと厚さによって決まるからで弾性体の選択指標になる。
総合荷重線のd2からの直線近似によって4枚部の荷重特性は外挿できるからf2を知ることができる。
線条突起は高圧着によって材料の塑性変形を与えて平面圧着部位より密着を促進している。局部の塑性変形の逃げ代として線条突起の根本付近に数十μmの空隙が残るので、熱伝熱能力が低下する。又、突起の小部位を介して加熱するので、加熱流が減じられる。
1cm当たりの投入電力をパラメータにして評価した結果を表4に示した。
線条突起の周辺には数十μmの空隙ができるので加熱が不足する。そこで、線条突起に発熱機能を付加して、局部圧着部位周辺の加熱不足の補完と線条突起部の加熱操作の個別調節性を確保することができた。
次の条件においてヒートシールを行った。
・線条突起の先端径:0.4、0.6、1.0mmφ(ニクロム線)を約50%埋没し、線条突起高さ:0.2、0.3、0.5mmを作成した。
・適用弾性体:ショアー硬さ;A50、A70、A80 厚さ;3, 5mm の耐熱シリコーンゴム
・試料:単一フイルム:ポリプロピレン(CPP);50μm
・試料構成:ガセット部長さ;20mm×2、センターシール幅;20mm、2枚部;35mm×2
・試料全長;130mm、ヒートシール幅;15mm(線条シールの内側;10mm、外側;5mm)圧着面積;1950mm2 (図10(a)参照)
・試験条件:試料のカバー材;0.05mm 「テフロン(登録商標)」シート(平滑)[材料の加熱体への溶着防御]
荷重調整:精密圧力調整によるエアーシリンダ出力;0.3~0.6MPa/発生荷重;400~800N
適用サンプルの表面温度調節範囲:134~144℃(±0.2℃)、(加熱速さ;CUT;2.0s)
加熱時間;溶着面温度応答計測による最短(99.9%)の平衡温度到達時間が約2sであったのでに1sを加算して3sとした。
加熱後処理;圧着加熱終了後直ちに室温のアルミニュームブロックを圧接して冷却した。
接着強さ(2枚部):JIS Z 0238, ASTM F88-07aに準拠して、サンプル幅:15mm、グリップ間距離;60mm、引張速さ;50mm/min.で引張試験を行った。
・平面接着部の剥離エネルギー計測を適用して、剥がれシーによる防御機能を確認した。
・局部密着部の密封性の観察;探傷液をヒートシール線の内側に点滴し、数分後の浸透状況を×15のルーペを使用して、目視観察評価をした。
接着面の仕上がりは下記の評価による。
○ 線条突起付近を除きに2枚面シール部に皺の発生のない仕上がり
△ 2枚面に皺がまばらに残っている状態
× 2枚面の全面に皺が発生している状態
密封性は下記の評価による。
○ 完全に密封が完成している状態
△ 1~2ヶ所の密封が未完成の状態
× 3か所以上の密封が未完成の状態
表の各枠内の記号は次の状態を示している
NG 密封不可(加熱補完なしの場合)
G 密封が完成
I 加熱補完による密封の改善
評価の基準としては2枚部に皺があっても密封が完成したものはよしとしている。
SC 圧縮率30%超の圧着領域
30%を超えると線条突起の圧縮部分の変形率が最も大きい。繰り替えしの操作で特に線条突起部分の損傷が激しい。この部位の圧縮跡が残らない圧縮率を実験的に求めた。
(ヒートシール強さ;2.8~3.2N/15mm)の剥がれシール帯において、圧着圧の制限域(0.27Mpa)付近までは密封が不可である。
実施事例(1)の引張試験の観察から、線条突起の圧着部の塑性変形は完成しているが、線条突起部の接着力が平面部に比して小さいことが分った。前述の線条突起に発熱機能を付加する方法で改善性を検証した。
表1に示した材料OPP/LLDDEは、ピロー包装に一般的に広く適用されている包装材料である。6ヶ月間以上の市場からの買取りサンプリングの漏れを継続してモニターした。段差部を中心にして密封不良が頻発している商品である。この商品のシールの“不具合”の発生原因を本発明の方法で検証/評価する。
当該商品の袋材を切り取り採取して計測したヒートシール強さの発現特性と線条シールのシミュレーション試験で密封が確認できた圧着荷重を図15に併記した。
この温度領域の114℃の線条シールでは段差部の密着には90N/10mmの大きな応力を要した。 120℃以上の加熱で30N/10mmの応力で密着ができるようになった。
正確なシールが要求されるレトルト包装ではヒートシールの信頼性の高い四方シールパウチが適用されている。 四方シールパウチは平面に製袋されるから製品が充填され立体になるとヒートシール面には襞(tuck)が発生する。
ヨーグルトやコーヒーミルクに代表されるカップ包装では確実な密封と同時に易開封、更に内容物の液跳ねの極小化が消費者から要求されている。しかし従来はこの要求に応える技法がなく、易開封性を犠牲にして、止むを得ず密封性が優先されている。
紙シートは塑性変形性が大きいので、この特性を利用して受け台の弾力シートを除いて線条シールを試みた。
医薬錠剤品のPTP(ブリスター包装)ではローレット状やエンボス状の圧着板が使用されている。この方法だと錠剤の入る成形穴の周辺では突起の埋没の自己制御性がないので、圧着圧が大き過ぎたり、圧着体の温度が高すぎて成形シートが軟化すると、アルミ箔のシール材をローレットやエンボスが突き破ってピンホールを発生している。
(1)重ねシールの段差部で発生していたシール不良が解消できる。
(2)重ねシール部の自由な採用ができるようになって、包装形体の設計の自由度が拡大する。
(3)ヒートシールの品質と信頼性の向上。
(4)合理的な適用包装材料や包装形体が選択できるので包装のコストダウンが図れる。
(5)ヒートシールの基本課題(ASTMF88-の提示)である密封性と開封性の両立実施ができるようになる。
2 加熱体
3 ヒートシール部
4 ヒートシール材料
5 センターシール部
6 ガセット折部
7 2枚部
8 段差部
9 屈曲部
10 線条シール部
11 線条突起
12 弾性体
14 空気シリンダ
15 絶縁材
L 4枚重ね部の幅
Tp 剥がれシール温度帯
Tb 破れシール温度帯
Claims (10)
- 包装体にヒートシールが剥がれシールで帯状に設けられ、該帯状剥がれヒートシール内にその長尺方向に線条ヒートシールが剥がれシールで付加されていることを特徴とする複合ヒートシール構造
- 包装体が包装袋であって少なくともその一辺にヒートシールが剥がれシールで帯状に設けられ、該帯状剥がれヒートシール内にその長尺方向に線条ヒートシールが剥がれシールで付加されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の複合ヒートシール構造
- 帯状ヒートシールの幅が3~20mmであって、線条ヒートシールの幅が0.05~2mm深さが0.05~2mmである請求項1または2記載の複合ヒートシール構造
- 線条ヒートシールの本数が1本である請求項1、2または3記載の複合ヒートシール構造
- 線条ヒートシールの位置が帯状ヒートシールの内縁から全幅の60~90%の位置にある請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の複合ヒートシール構造
- 包装体がピロー袋またはガセット袋である請求項2ないし5のいずれかに記載の複合ヒートシール構造
- 1対の加熱体の間にヒートシール材料を挟んでヒートシールするヒートシール装置において、その一方の加熱面に断面が弧状で突出高さが0.05~2mmの条突起が加熱面の長手方面に設けられ、他方の加熱面には弾性体が装着されているヒートシール装置を用い、加熱体をヒートシールが剥がれシールになる温度に設定してヒートシールを行うことを特徴とするヒートシール方法
- 条突起に0.1~0.3W/cmの発熱機能が付加されているヒートシール装置を用いることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のヒートシール方法
- 弾性体のショアー硬さが40A~90Aである請求項7または8に記載のヒートシール方法
- 2枚部の圧着圧が0.1~0.4MPaの圧着圧が加えられたときに条突起の先端に25~60N/10mmの荷重がかかるように定められている請求項7ないし9のいずれかに記載のヒートシール方法
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JP5779291B1 (ja) | 2015-09-16 |
CN106458345B (zh) | 2020-07-14 |
CN106458345A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
JP2016043988A (ja) | 2016-04-04 |
US20180334302A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
US20170121083A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
KR20170008839A (ko) | 2017-01-24 |
US10894648B2 (en) | 2021-01-19 |
EP3130547A4 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
EP3130547A1 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
EP3130547B1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
KR101994083B1 (ko) | 2019-07-01 |
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