WO2015083484A1 - 面発光ユニット - Google Patents
面発光ユニット Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015083484A1 WO2015083484A1 PCT/JP2014/079480 JP2014079480W WO2015083484A1 WO 2015083484 A1 WO2015083484 A1 WO 2015083484A1 JP 2014079480 W JP2014079480 W JP 2014079480W WO 2015083484 A1 WO2015083484 A1 WO 2015083484A1
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- light
- light emitting
- emitting
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- emitting unit
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
- F21V7/28—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
- F21V3/02—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by the shape
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0075—Arrangements of multiple light guides
- G02B6/0078—Side-by-side arrangements, e.g. for large area displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
- G09F13/04—Signs, boards or panels, illuminated from behind the insignia
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/854—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/18—Tiled displays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K59/877—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
- F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
- F21Y2105/14—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the overall shape of the two-dimensional array
- F21Y2105/16—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the overall shape of the two-dimensional array square or rectangular, e.g. for light panels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/20—Electroluminescent [EL] light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
- H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
- H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
- H10K2102/3026—Top emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/311—Flexible OLED
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a surface light-emitting unit, and more particularly, to a surface light-emitting unit including a plurality of surface light-emitting panels arranged so that each light-emitting surface is arranged in a plane.
- the surface light emitting unit is not limited to a lighting device, and is also used as a backlight for outdoor advertisements such as a liquid crystal display, a computer monitor, or digital signage.
- a surface light emitting panel such as an organic EL (electroluminescence) element is used for the surface light emitting panel.
- the organic EL element can obtain high luminance with low power consumption, and exhibits excellent performance in terms of responsiveness and life.
- a non-light-emitting region is located on the outer edge of the light-emitting surface of the surface light-emitting panel.
- a reduction in luminance in the front direction of these non-light emitting portions and portions corresponding to the surrounding portions is inevitable. Therefore, when no countermeasure is taken, this appears as luminance unevenness, and a dark portion is generated along the non-light emitting portion.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an invention related to a lighting device.
- This illumination device includes a surface light emitting device and an optical member.
- the publication states that according to this lighting device, it is possible to make it difficult to recognize dark parts due to non-light emitting parts.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an invention related to a lighting device.
- This illumination device includes an optical member and a plurality of light emitting elements.
- This publication states that according to this optical member and the illumination device, illumination light can be irradiated in a state where there is little luminance unevenness over an area larger than the front surface of each light emitting element by using a plurality of light emitting elements.
- This disclosure is intended to provide a surface light emitting unit capable of reducing luminance non-uniformity.
- a surface emitting unit includes a plurality of surface emitting panels that emit light toward the front side, and a plurality of adjacent surface emitting panels that are arranged so that the light emitting surfaces are arranged in a plane.
- the light-emitting surface of the light-transmitting panel is disposed opposite to the light-emitting surface, and the light emitted from the surface light-emitting panel is reflected and propagated inside the light-emitting surface.
- a scattering member that scatters light emitted from the plurality of surface emitting panels.
- the transmitting member has a light reducing surface provided between a light incident surface on which light emitted from the surface light emitting panel is incident and a light emitting surface.
- Each light emitting surface of the plurality of surface light emitting panels has a light emitting region that emits light and a non-light emitting region that is located on the outer periphery of the light emitting region and does not emit light.
- the light-reducing surface has a light transmittance in a region facing the non-light-emitting region and a light transmittance in a region facing the light-emitting region according to a light distribution of light emitted from each of the plurality of surface light-emitting panels. Are configured differently.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II shown in FIG. 1 of the surface emitting unit shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the surface emitting panel used for the surface emitting unit according to Embodiment 1, a transmissive member, a light reduction surface, and a scattering sheet.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an organic EL element provided in the surface light emitting panel according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for illustrating a method for forming a dimming pattern according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 It is a conceptual diagram which shows the visibility of a dimming pattern when a dimming pattern is formed with the formation method shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the visibility of a dimming pattern when a dimming pattern is not formed with the formation method shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the vertical in-plane light distribution according to the 1st structural example and 2nd structural example of the organic EL element with which the surface emitting panel shown in FIG. 1 was equipped. It is a table
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the surface emitting unit shown in FIG. 10 taken along line XI-XI shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the surface emitting unit according to a comparative example. It is a graph which shows the normalization front luminance profile of the surface emitting unit according to Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing a density distribution of a dimming pattern in Example 1.
- 6 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing a density distribution of a dimming pattern in Example 2.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing a density distribution of a dimming pattern in Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing a density distribution of a dimming pattern in Example 4.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing a density distribution of a dimming pattern in Example 5.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing surface emitting unit 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a state in which a transmission member 16 and a scattering sheet 18 to be described later are removed from the surface light emitting unit 1.
- 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the surface light emitting unit shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line II-II shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the surface light emitting panels 10A and 10B used in the surface light emitting unit 1, the transmissive member 16, the light reducing surface 17 provided inside the transmissive member 16, and the scattering sheet 18.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 has a flat, substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape as a whole.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 includes surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, a transmissive member 16, and a scattering sheet 18.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 may include a base plate and a frame plate (not shown) as a housing for housing the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D and the transmissive member 16.
- the base plate constitutes the back surface of the housing and is a member for holding the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D.
- the frame plate is a member constituting the side surface of the housing and is disposed along the outer periphery of the surface light emitting unit 1. Is done.
- the scattering sheet 18 is a member that constitutes the front of the housing.
- Each of the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D has a flat shape extending along the surface direction.
- the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged so that the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D are arranged in a plane.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D are configured by a laminate of transparent substrates 11A to 11D and light emitters 12A to 12D including organic EL elements, and the transparent substrates 11A to 11D are positioned on the transmissive member 16 side. Yes.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D having the configuration are surface light emitting panels made of so-called bottom emission type organic EL elements.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D are not limited to the above, and may be a surface light emitting panel made of a top emission type organic EL element, or a plurality of light emitting diodes and emission surface sides of these light emitting diodes ( It may be a surface light-emitting panel composed of a diffusion plate arranged on the front side), or a surface light-emitting panel using a cold cathode tube or the like.
- Surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged in an array.
- the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged with a space therebetween, and a gap 30 is formed between adjacent surface emitting panels.
- a total of four gaps 30 are formed between adjacent surface light emitting panels among the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D.
- the gap 30 By providing the gap 30, it is possible to increase the area of the light source with a smaller number of panels than when the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged in contact with each other. If it is not necessary to increase the area of the light source, the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D may be arranged in contact with each other without providing the gap 30.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D have light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D.
- the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D are configured by the outer surfaces of the transparent substrates 11A to 11D located on the side opposite to the side where the light emitters 12A to 12D are located.
- the light generated by the light emitters 12A to 12D passes through the transparent substrates 11A to 11D, and is emitted toward the transmissive member 16 side (front side) through the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D (in FIG. 3). (See arrow AR shown).
- the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged so that the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D are arranged in a plane.
- Surface emitting panels 10A to 10D according to the present embodiment are arranged so that light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D are located on the same plane.
- the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D have light emitting regions 14A to 14D that emit light and non-light emitting regions 15A to 15D located on the outer periphery of the light emitting regions 14A to 14D.
- the light emitting areas 14A to 14D have a rectangular shape.
- the non-light emitting regions 15A to 15D have a rectangular annular shape.
- the non-light emitting regions 15A to 15D are formed by providing portions for sealing the organic EL elements included in the light emitters 12A to 12D and connecting wirings to the organic EL elements.
- a portion including the gap 30 formed between adjacent surface emitting panels and the non-light emitting area of the surface emitting panel located adjacent to the gap 30 constitutes the non-light emitting portion 40.
- the non-light emitting part 40 is a part that causes a dark part when no measures are taken, and a total of four non-light emitting parts 40 are formed between adjacent surface emitting panels.
- the non-light emitting area of the adjacent surface light emitting panel corresponds to the non-light emitting portion 40.
- the width of the non-light emitting part is configured to be 1/100 or more and 1/10 or less of the width of the light emitting part and the non-light emitting part.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an organic EL element provided in surface emitting panel 10A according to the first embodiment.
- the transmissive member 16 provided on the light emitting surface 13A is not shown for convenience.
- the structure of the organic EL element provided in the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D will be described. Since the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D all have the same configuration, the following description will be made focusing on the surface light emitting panel 10A.
- the organic EL element provided in the surface light emitting panel 10A includes a transparent electrode layer 110, an organic electroluminescent layer 120, and a reflective electrode layer 130 as the light emitter 12A in addition to the transparent substrate 11A.
- the transparent electrode layer 110, the organic electroluminescent layer 120, and the reflective electrode layer 130 are laminated on the main surface of the transparent substrate 11A in this order.
- the transparent electrode layer 110 corresponds to an anode
- the reflective electrode layer 130 corresponds to a cathode.
- the transparent substrate 11A serves as a base material on which the above-described various layers are formed on the main surface (the surface opposite to the light emitting surface 13A), and has an insulating property that transmits light in the visible light region satisfactorily. It is comprised by the member of.
- the transparent substrate 11A may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate.
- the transparent substrate 11A is configured by, for example, a glass plate, a plastic plate, a polymer film, a silicon plate, or a laminate of these from the above-described light-transmitting viewpoint.
- the transparent electrode layer 110 is provided on one main surface (surface opposite to the light emitting surface 13A) of the transparent substrate 11A, and transmits light in the visible light region and has good electrical conductivity. It is composed of a film.
- examples of the transparent electrode layer 110 include an ITO (mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide) film, an IZO (mixture of indium oxide and zinc oxide film) film, a ZnO film, and a CuI film.
- Inorganic conductive films such as SnO2 films, organic conductive films such as PEDOT / PSS (polyethylenedioxythiophene and polystyrene sulfonic acid) films, and composite conductive materials in which silver nanowires and carbon nanotubes are dispersed in polymer materials Consists of a film or the like.
- the transparent electrode layer 110 is provided on the transparent substrate 11A by employing, for example, any one of a vapor deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an ink jet method, a printing method, and the like.
- the spin coating method, the ink jet method, and the printing method can be particularly preferably used because a homogeneous film can be easily obtained and the generation of pinholes can be suppressed.
- the organic electroluminescent layer 120 is provided on the main surface of the transparent electrode layer 110 opposite to the side where the transparent substrate 11A is located, and includes at least a light emitting layer 121 made of a fluorescent compound or a phosphorescent compound. It is composed of a film that transmits light in the visible light region satisfactorily.
- the organic electroluminescent layer 120 further includes a hole transport layer 122 located closer to the transparent electrode layer 110 than the light emitting layer 121 and an electron transport layer 123 located closer to the reflective electrode layer 130 than the light emitting layer 121. Yes.
- a lithium fluoride film, an inorganic metal salt film, or the like may be formed at any position in the thickness direction in the organic electroluminescent layer 120.
- Examples of the organic electroluminescent layer 120 include Alq3 (tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum) and ⁇ -NPD (4,4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl).
- a laminated film including an organic material laminated film or a film made of these organic materials and a metal film represented by an MgAg alloy or the like can be suitably used.
- an organic metal complex may be used from the viewpoint of improving the external quantum efficiency of the organic EL element and extending the light emission lifetime.
- the metal element that follows the formation of the complex is preferably any one metal belonging to Group VIII, Group IX, and Group X of the periodic table, or Al, Zn, and particularly Ir, Pt, Al, Zn It is preferable that
- the organic electroluminescent layer 120 is provided on the transparent electrode layer 110 by employing, for example, any one of a vapor deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an ink jet method, a printing method, and the like.
- the spin coating method, the ink jet method, and the printing method can be particularly preferably used because a homogeneous film can be easily obtained and the generation of pinholes can be suppressed.
- the reflective electrode layer 130 is provided on the main surface of the organic electroluminescent layer 120 opposite to the side on which the transparent electrode layer 110 is located, and reflects the light in the visible light region well and has good electrical conductivity. It is comprised with the film
- the reflective electrode layer 130 is made of, for example, a metal film made of Al, Ag, Ni, Ti, Na, Ca, or an alloy containing any of these.
- the reflective electrode layer 130 is provided on the organic electroluminescent layer 120 by employing, for example, a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method.
- the transmissive member 16 is disposed so as to face the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D of the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, and is located on the front side when viewed from the transparent substrates 11A to 11D. Yes.
- the transmissive member 16 according to the present embodiment is provided on the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D so as to straddle the gap 30.
- the transmissive member 16 is fixed on the transparent substrates 11A to 11D (light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D) using an optical transparent adhesive (not shown) or the like.
- the transmissive member 16 is made of a material having a high transmittance (for example, a total light transmittance in the visible light wavelength region measured by a method based on JIS K 7361-1: 1997 is 80% or more) and having excellent flexibility. It is preferable.
- Examples of the transmissive member 16 include a transparent resin substrate such as an acrylic resin, a transparent resin film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the like.
- the transmissive member 16 and the transparent substrates 11A to 11D are formed as separate members.
- the light emitters 12A to 12D function as a light emitter, and the transmissive member 16 and the transparent substrates 11A to 11D function as a light guide that guides the light generated by the light emitters 12A to 12D.
- the transmissive member 16 is a light reducing surface 17 provided between a light incident surface 21 on which light emitted from the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D is incident and a light emitting surface 22 from which light is emitted to the outside from the transmissive member 16. have.
- the light-reducing surface 17 is formed by printing a pattern having a circular light-reducing region that reduces the amount of light passing through the light-reducing surface 17 on the transmissive member 16 using an inkjet. More specifically, the dimming surface 17 is formed by printing the pattern on the transmissive member using inkjet, and another transmissive member is superimposed on the transmissive member on which the dimming surface 17 is formed.
- the light-reducing surface 17 is formed by transmitting an optical filter provided with a pattern composed of a plurality of circular light-reducing regions (hereinafter also referred to as “light-reducing pattern”) using a transparent optical system adhesive or the like. It may be formed by optically adhering to. This pattern adjusts the transmittance of the light reducing surface 17.
- FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for describing a method of forming a dimming pattern according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the visibility of the dimming pattern when the dimming pattern is formed by the forming method shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing the visibility of the dimming pattern when the dimming pattern is not formed by the forming method shown in FIG.
- the light attenuation region having a smaller transmittance than the region where the light reduction region is not formed has a radius b / 2 that is less than or equal to the width a from the light reduction surface 17 to the light emission surface 22. It is preferable to be formed on the light reducing surface 17 so as to be.
- FIG. 6 when the dimming pattern is formed so that the radius b / 2 of the dimming region is equal to or less than the width a from the dimming surface 17 to the light emitting surface 22, each light emitting region In 14A to 14D, the dimming pattern is thin and difficult to recognize.
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which the dimming pattern is not formed so that the radius b / 2 of the dimming region is equal to or less than the width a from the dimming surface 17 to the light emitting surface 22. In this case, it can be seen that the dimming pattern is relatively easy to recognize in each of the light emitting regions 14A to 14D.
- the light reducing surface 17 is positioned such that the thickness from the light incident surface 21 to the light reducing surface 17 is larger than the thickness from the light reducing surface 17 to the light emitting surface 22. .
- the number of times of reflection until the light propagates inside the transmissive member 16 on the light incident surface 21 side than the light reducing surface 17 and reaches the light reducing surface 17 facing the non-light emitting portion 40 is reduced.
- the amount of light that is reduced by reflection before reaching the light reduction surface 17 is reduced.
- the amount of light emitted from the light emitting surface 22 facing the non-light emitting portion 40 is increased, the luminance of the non-light emitting portion 40 is improved. Adjustment is easy.
- the thickness may be increased within a range satisfying a desired flexibility.
- the light generated by the light emitters 12A to 12D passes through the transparent substrates 11A to 11D and is emitted from the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D, and then enters the light incident surface 21 of the transmission member 16.
- the incident light passes through the inside of the transmission member 16 on the light incident surface 21 side, further passes through the light reducing surface 17 and the light emitting surface 22, and is emitted toward the scattering sheet 18 side, or on the light incident surface 21 side.
- the light is reflected and propagated inside the transmissive member 16, and further passes through the light reducing surface 17 and the light emitting surface 22 and is emitted toward the scattering sheet 18.
- the scattering sheet 18 scatters (diffuses) the light emitted from the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D and transmits the light toward the outside, and is provided so as to face the light emission surface 22 of the transmission member 16. .
- the scattering sheet 18 there are those that scatter light by using the internal scattering action by including fine particles inside, and those that scatter the light by using the interface reflection action by having irregularities on the surface. Is available.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a vertical in-plane light distribution according to the first configuration example and the second configuration example of the organic EL element provided in the surface light emitting panel shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a table showing a specific example of film configuration conditions for realizing the organic EL element according to the first configuration example and the second configuration example.
- the 1st structural example and 2nd structural example of the organic EL element with which the surface emitting panel of the surface emitting unit according to this Embodiment was equipped are demonstrated in detail.
- the organic EL device according to the first configuration example extends in the normal direction of the light emitting surface when a light distribution curve in a plane perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the light emitted from the surface light emitting panel is drawn.
- the luminance that is, the luminance in the range of ⁇ 90 ° ⁇ ⁇ 90 ° and ⁇ ⁇ 0 °
- the organic EL element according to the second configuration example includes a portion where the light distribution curve satisfies the condition of L> cos ⁇ . Specifically, the organic EL element according to the second configuration example satisfies the condition of L> cos ⁇ in a range of ⁇ 70 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 70 ° (where ⁇ ⁇ 0 °).
- the organic EL element according to the present configuration example having the above-described vertical in-plane light distribution can be realized by adjusting the thickness of the electron transport layer, for example, as shown in FIG.
- An ITO film is used as the transparent electrode layer
- an MgAg film is used as the electron transport layer
- an Alq3 film is used as the light emitting layer
- an ⁇ -NPD film is used as the hole transport layer
- an Ag film is used as the reflective electrode layer
- FIG. As shown, when the thickness of the transparent electrode layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer is 150 nm / 50 nm / 20 nm, and the thickness of the electron transport layer is 20 nm or less, the first structural example A Lambertian distribution is obtained. And if the thickness of the said electron carrying layer shall be 50 nm, the vertical in-plane light distribution in the 2nd structural example will be obtained.
- the vertical in-plane light distribution of the organic EL element according to the second configuration example is different from the Lambertian distribution of the organic EL element according to the first configuration example in the angle dependency of light emitted from the light emitting surface.
- the organic EL element having a Lambertian distribution as in the first configuration example is provided.
- the amount of light that is totally reflected and propagated inside the transmissive member 16 increases, so that the light emitted from the light emitting surface 22 facing the non-light emitting portion 40 is increased.
- the amount of increases that is, when the surface light emitting panel according to the second configuration example is used, the luminance in the front direction of the non-light emitting portion and the portion corresponding to the peripheral portion is higher than that when the surface light emitting panel according to the first configuration example is used. improves.
- the front luminance distribution of the surface light emitting unit differs depending on the vertical in-plane light distribution of the organic EL element. Therefore, by appropriately adjusting the light transmittance distribution of the region facing the non-light emitting region of the light reducing surface and the light transmittance distribution of the region facing the light emitting region according to the light distribution, A uniform front luminance distribution can be realized.
- the dimming surface 17 has a light transmittance distribution in a region facing the non-light emitting region and a light transmission in the region facing the light emitting region in accordance with the light distribution of light emitted from each of the surface emitting panels.
- the rate distribution is configured to be different.
- the surface emitting unit 1 propagates the light emitted from the organic EL element through the transmissive member 16, so that more light is emitted from the light emitting surface 22 of the portion facing the non-light emitting portion and the surrounding portion. Therefore, the brightness in the front direction of the non-light emitting part and the part corresponding to the peripheral part can be improved.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 can adjust the transmittance of the light emitted to the front side within the surface by the light reducing surface 17 formed on the transmission member 16.
- the transmittance distribution of the non-light-emitting region and the portion facing the light-emitting region in FIG. 17 can be reduced.
- the surface light emitting unit can be reduced so that the non-light emitting portion is not noticeable.
- the color of the light emitted from the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, the color of the dimming region, and the color of the scattering sheet 18 (the color of the scattering pattern formed on the scattering sheet 18) the same, A surface emitting unit with reduced color unevenness can also be obtained.
- the light source color of the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, the color of the dimming region, and the color of the scattering pattern are unified with white.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 is integrally formed of a material having flexibility as a whole. It is also possible to provide a uniform surface light emitting unit having a property.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing surface emitting unit 1A according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the surface emitting unit shown in FIG. 10 taken along the line XI-XI shown in FIG.
- the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1 ⁇ / b> A corresponds to a configuration in which the reflecting member 20 is added to the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1, and other configurations are the same as the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1.
- the reflecting member 20 has a function as a light scattering portion, and scatters and reflects a part of the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D of the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D and propagated inside the transmitting member 16. To do.
- the reflecting member 20 is a cross-shaped member (see FIG. 10) having a total of four rod-like portions extending from the central portion of the surface emitting unit 1A corresponding to the four non-light emitting portions 40 (see FIG. 10). Consists of. Note that the reflecting member 20 is preferably one that scatters and reflects light without transmitting it.
- Each portion of the reflecting member 20 extending in a bar shape is arranged along the outer edge of the light emitting surface of the adjacent surface light emitting panel so as to overlap the non-light emitting region when viewed from the front (light emitting surface) side. More specifically, the reflecting member 20 is provided on the light emitting surface of the surface light emitting panel so as to straddle and extend along the outer edges of the light emitting surfaces of the adjacent surface light emitting panels.
- the reflecting member 20 will be described in more detail. Since the four portions extending in the rod shape of the reflecting member 20 all have the same shape, in the following, among the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, the surface light emitting panel 10A and the surface light emitting panel 10B will be described below. The description will be given focusing only on the part in between.
- the reflecting member 20 is positioned on the light emitting surface 13A of the first surface light emitting panel 10A and the light emitting surface 13B of the second surface light emitting panel 10B so as to face the non-light emitting portion 40.
- the reflecting member 20 includes a non-light emitting region 15A located on an outer edge of the light emitting surface 13A of the first surface light emitting panel 10A on the second surface light emitting panel 10B side, and a light emitting surface 13B of the second surface light emitting panel 10B. It straddles the non-light emitting region 15B located at the outer edge on the first surface light emitting panel 10A side. That is, the reflection member 20 overlaps the non-light emitting regions 15A and 15B of these portions when viewed from the front side. Further, the reflecting member 20 is provided on the first surface light emitting panel 10A and the second surface light emitting panel 10B so as to extend along the non-light emitting regions 15A and 15B.
- the reflecting member 20 may be composed of an organic solvent-based white ink in which scattering particles are dispersed.
- the scattering reflection surface by the reflection member 20 can be formed by, for example, applying white ink to the surface of the transmission member 16 by inkjet.
- the light generated by the light emitters 12A to 12D passes through the transparent substrates 11A to 11D and is emitted from the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D, and then enters the light incident surface 21 of the transmission member 16.
- the incident light passes through the inside of the transmission member 16 on the light incident surface 21 side, further passes through the light reducing surface 17 and the light emitting surface 22, and is emitted toward the scattering sheet 18 side. Further, the incident light is reflected and propagated inside the transmission member 16 on the light incident surface 21 side, and further passes through the light reducing surface 17 and the light emitting surface 22 and is emitted toward the scattering sheet 18 side.
- the reflecting member 20 since the reflecting member 20 is provided, the light that propagates while reaching the reflecting member 20 while being reflected inside the light incident surface 21 side of the transmitting member 16 is reflected.
- the reflection member 20 is scattered and reflected to the front side. That is, by this scattering reflection effect, more light out of the light emitted from the organic EL element is emitted from the non-light emitting portion and the portion corresponding to the surrounding portion than the surface light emitting unit 1 according to the first embodiment. It becomes possible to guide to the surface 22. As a result, the luminance in the front direction of the portion is improved.
- the surface emitting unit 1A according to the second embodiment in order to make the front luminance distribution uniform, the range where the luminance adjustment is required by the dimming surface 17 is narrowed. Therefore, compared with the surface light emitting unit 1 according to the first embodiment, the luminance adjustment on the light reducing surface 17 is easier in the surface light emitting unit 1A according to the second embodiment. Further, in the surface light emitting unit 1A, compared with the surface light emitting unit 1, since the brightness adjustment range is narrowed, the transmittance distribution of the light reducing surface 17 can be made smooth, and consequently the light dimming pattern distribution can be made smooth. be able to. As a result, in the surface emitting unit 1A, it is possible to make it difficult to recognize the dimming pattern.
- the scattering sheet 18 may be attached to the transmissive member 16 in a state where air is interposed on the light emission surface 22 of the transmissive member 16.
- the surface emitting unit 1A propagates the light emitted from the organic EL element by the transmitting member 16, and further scatters and reflects the propagated light by the reflecting member 20. As a result, more light can be guided to the light emitting surface 22 of the portion facing the non-light emitting portion and the surrounding portion. Therefore, in the surface light emitting unit 1A, the luminance in the front direction of the non-light emitting portion and the portion corresponding to the peripheral portion can be further improved.
- the surface light emitting unit 1A can adjust the transmittance of light emitted to the front side within the surface by the light reducing surface 17 formed on the transmission member 16. Thereby, it is possible to appropriately adjust the transmittance distribution of the non-light emitting area and the part facing the light emitting area on the light reducing surface 17 according to the light distribution of the light emitted from each of the plurality of surface emitting panels. become. As a result, it is possible to provide a surface light emitting unit that reduces non-uniform luminance and makes the non-light emitting portion inconspicuous.
- a surface light emitting unit with reduced color unevenness can be obtained.
- a flexible surface emitting unit can be obtained by using a flexible material for the surface light emitting panel and the transmissive member.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a surface emitting unit according to a comparative example.
- the configuration of the surface light emitting unit according to the comparative example is different from the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1A according to the second embodiment in that the light reducing surface is not formed on the transmission member, and the other configurations are the same as the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1A. It is. That is, the surface emitting unit according to the comparative example does not have a luminance adjustment function (transmittance adjustment function) by the dimming surface in the plane.
- the surface emitting units according to Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are each provided with a surface emitting panel including organic EL elements according to the first configuration example and the second configuration example shown in FIG.
- the surface emitting unit according to Example 1 and Example 2 based on Embodiment 2 is provided with the surface emitting panel provided with the organic EL element according to the 1st structural example shown in FIG.
- a dimming pattern shown in FIG. 14 to be described later is formed on the above-described dimming surface, and the surface light emitting unit according to the second embodiment is illustrated in FIG.
- the dimming pattern shown by is formed.
- the surface emitting unit according to Example 3 and Example 4 based on Embodiment 2 is provided with the surface emitting panel provided with the organic EL element according to the 2nd structural example shown in FIG.
- a dimming pattern shown in FIG. 16 to be described later is formed on the above-described dimming surface, and the surface emitting unit according to the fourth embodiment is illustrated in FIG. The dimming pattern shown by is formed.
- the surface emitting unit according to Example 5 based on Embodiment 1 is provided with the surface emitting panel provided with the organic EL element according to the 2nd structural example shown in FIG.
- the dimming pattern shown in FIG. 18 described later is formed on the above-described dimming surface.
- the width of the surface light emitting panel is 90 mm
- the width of the non-light emitting part is 10 mm
- the scattering sheet is a light transmitting material.
- a material having a rate of about 80% and a haze of 90% or more is used.
- a white reflective film is used as the reflective member.
- the thickness of the acrylic plate (refractive index of 1.5) as the transmission member is 5.5 mm. Further, in the surface light emitting units according to Examples 1 to 5, the acrylic thickness as the transmitting member is 5.5 mm (5 mm from the light incident surface to the light reducing surface and 0.5 mm from the light reducing surface to the light emitting surface). Yes.
- a dimming pattern is formed on the dimming surface of the surface emitting units according to Examples 1 to 5 by white ink (transmittance: 47.5%, reflectance: 47.5%, absorption rate: 5%). ing.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the normalized front luminance profile of the surface emitting units according to Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- the position (mm) of the horizontal axis shown in FIG. 13 is 0 mm at the center of the non-light-emitting portion generated between the two planar light-emitting panels arranged side by side, the non-light-emitting portion exists at ⁇ 5 mm, and ⁇ 50 mm is the surface light-emitting panel It becomes approximately the center.
- the normalized front luminance is standardized so that the value at the center of the surface light emitting panel (the center of the light emitting area) is 1000.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing the density distribution of the dimming pattern in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing the density distribution of the dimming pattern in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing the density distribution of the dimming pattern in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing the density distribution of the dimming pattern in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing the density distribution of the dimming pattern in the fifth embodiment.
- the diameter of the circular attenuation region in FIGS. 14, 16, and 17 is 0.3 mm.
- the diameters of the circular dimming regions in FIGS. 15 and 18 are 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm.
- the black portion indicates a portion where the dimming region exists, and the darker portion indicates that the density of the dimming region is larger.
- the normalized front luminance on the light emitting surface of the planar light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 1 is a region corresponding to a non-light emitting portion generated between two planar light emitting panels arranged side by side. Can be confirmed.
- the normalized front luminance is improved and the uniform front luminance distribution is obtained in the region corresponding to the non-light emitting portion, compared with the surface emitting unit according to Comparative Example 1. I understand that.
- the density of the circular dimming pattern in the region facing the non-light emitting portion is larger in the surface than the region facing the light emitting region. I understand that it is small. That is, the dimming surface has a light transmittance distribution in which the transmittance of the region facing the non-light emitting region is higher than that of the region facing the light emitting region.
- the surface light emitting unit according to Example 1 Since the surface light emitting unit according to Example 1 has the above-described light transmittance distribution, the luminance difference between the non-light emitting region and the light emitting region is reduced, so that the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 1 as a whole is more uniform.
- the front luminance distribution Since the surface light emitting unit according to Example 1 has the above-described light transmittance distribution, the luminance difference between the non-light emitting region and the light emitting region is reduced, so that the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 1 as a whole is more uniform.
- the front luminance distribution Since the surface light emitting unit according to Example 1 has the above-described light transmittance distribution, the luminance difference between the non-light emitting region and the light emitting region is reduced, so that the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 1 as a whole is more uniform.
- the front luminance distribution Since the surface light emitting unit according to Example 1 has the above-described light transmittance distribution, the lumina
- the density of the circular dimming pattern is larger in the area facing the non-light emitting portion than in the area facing the light emitting area.
- the dimming surface has a light transmittance distribution in which the transmittance of the region facing the non-light emitting region is lower than that of the region facing the light emitting region.
- the light that reaches the light reducing surface changes its direction and is easily transmitted (scattered) to the front side.
- the scattered reflected light by the reflecting member provided so as to face the non-light emitting portion easily reaches a portion facing the non-light emitting portion on the light reducing surface.
- region corresponding to a non-light-emitting part improves rather than the surface emitting unit according to the comparative example 1.
- the surface emitting unit according to Example 2 has the light transmittance distribution, the luminance difference between the non-light emitting portion and the light emitting region is reduced.
- the surface emitting unit according to Example 2 is not as large as the surface emitting unit according to Example 1, it has a more uniform front luminance distribution as a whole as compared with the surface emitting unit according to Comparative Example 1.
- Comparative Example 2 including a surface light emitting panel including an organic EL element according to the second configuration example will be described while comparing Examples 3 and 4.
- the normalized front luminance on the light emitting surface of the planar light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 2 is a region corresponding to the non-light emitting portion generated between the two planar light emitting panels arranged. It can confirm that it has improved. Unlike Comparative Example 1, in Comparative Example 2, the luminance is improved in the region corresponding to the non-light emitting portion. This is because the organic EL element according to the second configuration example includes a portion where the light distribution curve shown in FIG. 8 satisfies the condition of L> cos ⁇ , and is thus provided facing the non-light-emitting portion. This is because the amount of light that is scattered and reflected by the light and emitted to the front side is large.
- the circular dimming pattern has a higher density in the area facing the non-light emitting portion than in the area facing the light emitting area.
- the dimming surface has a light transmittance distribution in which the transmittance of the region facing the non-light emitting region is lower than that of the region facing the light emitting region.
- the surface light emitting unit according to Example 3 has the above-described light transmittance distribution, the luminance difference between the non-light emitting portion and the light emitting region is reduced, so that the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 2 as a whole is more uniform.
- the front luminance distribution Since the surface light emitting unit according to Example 3 has the above-described light transmittance distribution, the luminance difference between the non-light emitting portion and the light emitting region is reduced, so that the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 2 as a whole is more uniform.
- the front luminance distribution is described by the front luminance distribution.
- the density of the circular dimming pattern in the area facing the non-light emitting portion is higher in the plane than in the area facing the light emitting area. You can see that it ’s big. That is, the dimming surface has a light transmittance distribution in which the transmittance of the region facing the non-light emitting portion is lower than that of the region facing the light emitting region. In the dimming pattern distribution in Example 4, the dimming pattern density is relatively high even in the region facing the light emitting region, and the transmittance distribution is balanced according to the front luminance distribution of the surface light emitting panel. Yes.
- the brightness difference between the non-light emitting portion and the light emitting region is reduced by having the above light transmittance distribution, so that the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 2 as a whole is more uniform.
- the front luminance distribution is more uniform.
- Comparative Example 2 provided with a surface emitting panel provided with an organic EL element according to the second configuration example, and Example 5.
- the dimming pattern in Example 5 (black portion in FIG. 18) has a circular reduction in the region facing the non-light emitting portion in the plane thereof rather than the region facing the light emitting region. It can be seen that the density of the light pattern is large. That is, the dimming surface has a light transmittance distribution in which the transmittance of the region facing the non-light emitting portion is lower than that of the region facing the light emitting region. In the dimming pattern distribution in Example 5, the dimming pattern density is relatively high even in the region facing the light emitting region, and the transmittance distribution is balanced according to the front luminance distribution of the surface light emitting panel. Yes.
- the surface light emitting unit according to Example 5 has the above-described light transmittance distribution, the luminance difference between the non-light-emitting portion and the light emitting region is reduced, so that the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 2 as a whole is more uniform.
- the front luminance distribution Since the surface light emitting unit according to Example 5 has the above-described light transmittance distribution, the luminance difference between the non-light-emitting portion and the light emitting region is reduced, so that the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 2 as a whole is more uniform.
- the front luminance distribution is the luminance difference between the non-light-emitting portion and the light emitting region.
- the surface emitting unit having no reflecting member according to Example 5 and the surface emitting unit having a reflecting member according to Comparative Example 2 were compared.
- the surface light emitting unit according to Comparative Example 2 is a surface light emitting unit in which the reflecting member is removed, the normalized front luminance is higher in the region corresponding to the non-light emitting portion. Therefore, the surface light emitting unit according to Example 5 is better. As a whole, the front luminance distribution is more uniform.
- the planar light-emitting panel has a light source luminance distribution in which the front luminance at the peripheral portion is higher than the front luminance at the central portion of the light emitting area, no light emission occurs.
- the luminance of the region facing the part is easily improved. Therefore, the light-reducing surface has a light transmittance distribution in which the region facing the light-emitting region is higher in the surface than the region facing the non-light-emitting portion (or the non-light-emitting region).
- the planar light-emitting panel has a light source luminance distribution in which the peripheral front luminance is lower than the central front luminance of the light emitting region, the luminance of the region facing the non-light emitting portion It becomes difficult to improve. Therefore, the light-reducing surface has a light transmittance distribution in which the region facing the light-emitting region is lower in the surface than the region facing the non-light-emitting portion (or the non-light-emitting region). By configuring, a more uniform front luminance distribution can be realized.
- a reflective member having an integrated cross shape is arranged in the gap so as to conform to the shape of the gap formed between adjacent surface emitting panels.
- the description has been given by way of example, but this may be configured by four reflecting members in which each of the portions extending in a bar shape is independently formed.
- the width of the non-light-emitting portion and the width of the reflecting member are substantially illustrated has been described. However, these need not necessarily match. One of them may be larger than the other.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and other methods such as changing the film configuration of the organic EL element can naturally be applied.
- the desired light distribution characteristic as mentioned above can be acquired by variously adjusting the structure of the said light source.
- the present invention is applied to a surface light emitting unit including four surface light emitting panels in an array
- the layout of the surface light emitting panel is not limited to this, and any surface emitting unit may be used as long as it has two or more surface light emitting panels and these surface light emitting panels are arranged side by side so as to be adjacent to each other in a planar shape.
- the present invention can be applied to a simple structure.
- the surface emitting unit to which this embodiment is applied is not limited to a lighting device in a narrow sense used for indoor or outdoor lighting applications, and the surface emitting unit to which the present invention is applied includes, for example, a display and a display.
- a lighting device in a broad sense included in a device, an electric display signboard, an advertisement, or the like is included.
- the surface emitting units described above are arranged so that the respective light emitting surfaces are arranged in a plane, and face a plurality of surface emitting panels that emit light toward the front side, and light emitting surfaces of a plurality of adjacent surface emitting panels.
- a plurality of surfaces arranged to face the light emitting surface of the transmissive member, and a transmissive member that reflects and propagates the light emitted from the surface light-emitting panel and transmits the light from the light emitting surface.
- a scattering member that scatters light emitted from the light emitting panel.
- the transmitting member has a light incident surface on which light emitted from the surface light emitting panel is incident, and further has a light reducing surface provided between the light incident surface and the light exit surface.
- Each light emitting surface of the plurality of surface light emitting panels has a light emitting region that emits light and a non-light emitting region that is located on the outer periphery of the light emitting region and does not emit light.
- the light-reducing surface has a light transmittance in a region facing the non-light-emitting region and a light transmittance in a region facing the light-emitting region according to a light distribution of light emitted from each of the plurality of surface light-emitting panels. Are configured differently.
- the surface light emitting unit further includes a light scattering portion that scatters the light propagated by the transmission member toward the front side.
- the light scattering portion is provided in a portion facing the light emitting surface of the transmissive member, and is configured by a reflective member that scatters and reflects a part of the light propagated by the transmissive member toward the front side.
- the light-reducing surface has a plurality of circular light-reducing regions that reduce the amount of light passing through the light-reducing surface.
- the radius of each dimming region is equal to or less than the width from the dimming surface to the light exit surface.
- the color of the light emitted from the plurality of surface emitting panels, the color of the dimming region, and the color of the scattering member are the same.
- the surface emitting panel and the transmissive member are made of a flexible material.
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Abstract
Description
図1~図9を参照して、実施の形態1に従う面発光ユニット1について説明する。図1は、実施の形態1に従う面発光ユニット1を示す平面図である。図1は、面発光ユニット1から後述する透過部材16および散乱シート18を取り除いた状態を示している。図2は、図1に示す面発光ユニットの図1中に示すII-II線に沿った模式断面図である。図3は、面発光ユニット1に用いられる面発光パネル10A,10B、透過部材16、透過部材16の内部に設けられる減光面17、および散乱シート18を示す斜視図である。
図1~図3に示すように、面発光ユニット1は、全体として扁平な略直方体形状の外形を有する。面発光ユニット1は、面発光パネル10A~10Dと、透過部材16と、散乱シート18とを備える。
面発光パネル10A~10Dの各々は、面方向に沿って延在する平板状の形状を有している。面発光パネル10A~10Dは、各々の発光面13A~13Dが面状に並ぶように配列されている。面発光パネル10A~10Dは、透明基板11A~11Dと、有機EL素子を含む発光体12A~12Dとの積層体にて構成されており、透明基板11A~11Dが透過部材16側に位置している。当該構成の面発光パネル10A~10Dは、いわゆるボトムエミッション型の有機EL素子からなる面発光パネルである。
図2および図3を再び参照して、透過部材16は、面発光パネル10A~10Dの発光面13A~13Dに対向するように配置され、透明基板11A~11Dから見て正面側に位置している。本実施の形態に従う透過部材16は、隙間30を跨ぐように面発光パネル10A~10D上に設けられている。透過部材16は、透明基板11A~11D(発光面13A~13D)上において、光学系の透明な接着剤(図示せず)等を用いてこれらに固定されている。
図8は、図1に示す面発光パネルに具備された有機EL素子の第1構成例および第2構成例に従う垂直面内配光分布を示す図である。また、図9は、第1構成例および第2構成例に従う有機EL素子を実現する具体的な膜構成の条件例を示す表である。図8および図9を参照して、本実施の形態に従う面発光ユニットの面発光パネルに具備された有機EL素子の第1構成例および第2構成例について詳細に説明する。
図10を参照して、実施の形態2に従う面発光ユニット1Aについて説明する。図10は、実施の形態2に従う面発光ユニット1Aを示す平面図である。図11は、図10に示す面発光ユニットの図10中に示すXI-XI線に沿った模式断面図である。ここでは、面発光ユニット1Aと面発光ユニット1(図1および図2参照)との相違点について説明する。面発光ユニット1Aの構成は、面発光ユニット1の構成に反射部材20を追加したものに相当し、その他の構成については面発光ユニット1の構成と同様である。
反射部材20は、光散乱部としての機能を有しており、面発光パネル10A~10Dの発光面13A~13Dから放射されて、透過部材16の内部で伝搬された光の一部を散乱反射するものである。反射部材20は、4つの非発光部40(図10参照)に対応して面発光ユニット1Aの中央部から延設された合計4つの棒状に延びる部位を有する十字形状の部材(図10参照)からなる。なお、反射部材20は、光を透過させることなく散乱反射させるものが好ましい。
以下、上述した実施の形態2に基づいた実施例1から4に従う面発光ユニットの正面輝度プロファイル、および実施の形態1に基づいた実施例5に従う面発光ユニットの正面輝度プロファイルをシミュレーションした結果について説明する。なお、比較のために、上述した実施の形態に基づいていない比較例に従う面発光ユニットの正面輝度プロファイルをシミュレーションした結果についてもあわせて示す。
上述の構成を採用することにより、輝度の不均一性を低減することが可能となる。
Claims (5)
- 各々の発光面が面状に並ぶように配列され、正面側に向けて光を放射する複数の面発光パネルと、
隣り合う前記複数の面発光パネルの前記発光面に対向配置され、前記面発光パネルから放射された光を内部で反射して伝搬するとともに、光射出面から光を射出可能な透過部材と、
前記透過部材の光射出面に対向するように設けられ、前記複数の面発光パネルから放射された光を散乱する散乱部材とを備え、
前記透過部材は、前記面発光パネルから放射された光が入射する光入射面と、前記光射出面との間に設けられた減光面を有し、
前記複数の面発光パネルの各々の発光面は、光を放射する発光領域と、前記発光領域の外周に位置し、光を放射しない非発光領域とを有し、
前記減光面は、前記複数の面発光パネルの各々から放射される光の配光分布に応じて、前記非発光領域に対向する領域の光の透過率と前記発光領域に対向する領域の光の透過率とが異なるように構成されている、面発光ユニット。 - 前記透過部材により伝搬された光を正面側に向けて散乱する光散乱部をさらに備え、
前記光散乱部は、前記透過部材における前記発光面と対向する部分に設けられており、前記透過部材により伝搬された光の一部を正面側に向けて散乱反射する反射部材で構成されている、請求項1に記載の面発光ユニット。 - 前記減光面は、前記減光面を通過する光の光量を減少させる複数の円形の減光領域を有し、
各前記減光領域の半径は、前記減光面から前記光射出面までの幅以下である、請求項1または2に記載の面発光ユニット。 - 前記複数の面発光パネルから放射される光の色と、前記減光領域の色と、前記散乱部材の色とは同じである、請求項3に記載の面発光ユニット。
- 前記面発光パネルおよび前記透過部材は、柔軟性を有する材料で構成されている、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の面発光ユニット。
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