WO2015075857A1 - 蓄電システムおよび二次電池の充電方法 - Google Patents
蓄電システムおよび二次電池の充電方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015075857A1 WO2015075857A1 PCT/JP2014/004988 JP2014004988W WO2015075857A1 WO 2015075857 A1 WO2015075857 A1 WO 2015075857A1 JP 2014004988 W JP2014004988 W JP 2014004988W WO 2015075857 A1 WO2015075857 A1 WO 2015075857A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present technology relates to a power storage system that stores power using a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and a method for charging the secondary battery.
- a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery
- secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries are widely used as power sources for various mobile devices such as mobile phones.
- storage batteries such as in-vehicle applications for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, large-scale power storage applications for backup power sources such as mobile phone base stations, and medium-sized power storage applications for home backup power sources.
- the demand is growing. Accordingly, the number of cases in which secondary batteries are always used outdoors is expected to increase, so that the temperature characteristics of secondary batteries are increasingly being emphasized.
- the deterioration of the secondary battery is classified into a plurality of modes depending on conditions. For example, in a lithium ion battery, there are a gradual deterioration at room temperature or higher (for example, 15 ° C. or higher) and a rapid deterioration accompanied by metal lithium precipitation at a temperature lower than room temperature.
- the deterioration mode of the lithium ion battery includes at least a gradual deterioration at room temperature or higher (for example, 15 ° C. or higher) and a rapid deterioration accompanied by metal lithium deposition below the room temperature.
- Rapid deterioration accompanied by metallic lithium deposition below room temperature greatly affects the life of the lithium ion battery.
- This rapid deterioration below room temperature can be suppressed to some extent by reducing the charging current.
- the charging current is reduced, a longer charging time is required and the convenience for the end user is impaired.
- the charging current is increased in order to extend the charging time, the rapid deterioration accompanied by the deposition of metallic lithium below room temperature becomes remarkable and the life is shortened.
- an object of the present technology is to provide a power storage system capable of charging a secondary battery under optimum charging conditions and a method for charging the secondary battery.
- a power storage system stores a parameter detection unit that detects parameters of a secondary battery, and a table that indicates correspondence between the parameters of the secondary battery and charging conditions.
- a table storage unit configured to perform charging with reference to a corresponding charging condition from the table on the basis of the detected parameter, and charging so that the secondary battery is charged according to the charging condition.
- a control unit configured to perform charging with reference to a corresponding charging condition from the table on the basis of the detected parameter, and charging so that the secondary battery is charged according to the charging condition.
- the table may be a table showing a correspondence between a combination of temperature and content resistance of the secondary battery and a charging condition.
- the charging condition may be determined so as to guarantee a predetermined use period of the secondary battery.
- the charging control unit refers to the corresponding charging condition from the table when the detected temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature, performs charging according to the charging condition, and the detected temperature is determined in advance. It may be configured to perform charging under a fixed charging condition when the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.
- the power storage system further includes a deterioration amount calculation unit that calculates a deterioration amount of the secondary battery, and an allowable deterioration amount calculation unit that calculates an allowable deterioration amount of the secondary battery, and the charge control unit includes: The calculated deterioration amount is compared with the allowable deterioration amount, and the charging condition of the table is updated so as to suppress the deterioration rate of the secondary battery according to the result. It's okay.
- the deterioration amount calculation unit and the allowable deterioration amount calculation unit respectively calculate the deterioration amount and the allowable deterioration amount according to a predetermined timing condition, and the charge control unit updates the charging condition of the table.
- the change value of the deterioration amount acquired next with respect to the deterioration amount at the time point is the allowable deterioration amount acquired next with respect to the allowable deterioration amount at the time when the charging condition of the table is updated.
- the charging condition of the table may be updated so that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery is suppressed when the change value is larger than the change value.
- a charging method for a secondary battery detects a parameter of the secondary battery, and based on the detected parameter, a table indicating correspondence between the parameter of the secondary battery and a charging condition The charging condition is referred to, and the secondary battery is charged according to the charging condition.
- the secondary battery can be charged under optimum charging conditions.
- the total operating time of the rechargeable battery t n and minimum permissible is a graph showing the relationships between the non-load capacity Q Ref (t n). It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the selection process of charging conditions. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a table update. It is a figure which shows the example of the update result of a table.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a power storage system according to the first embodiment of the present technology.
- the power storage system 100 includes a secondary battery module 1, a charging control device 2, and a charging unit 3.
- the secondary battery module 1 is composed of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery.
- the charging control device 2 is a device that controls the charging unit 3.
- the charging unit 3 includes a circuit for generating electric power for charging a secondary battery from electric power obtained from a commercial power source or a device that converts solar energy into electric power and supplying the electric power to the secondary battery.
- the charge control device 2 includes a deterioration parameter acquisition unit 10 that acquires values of a plurality of deterioration parameters necessary for obtaining the deterioration amount of the secondary battery in the secondary battery module 1 and the like.
- the deterioration parameter acquisition unit 10 includes a current monitoring unit 11 that monitors the current flowing through the secondary battery during charging using a current sensor and the like, and a voltage that monitors the voltage between the terminals of the secondary battery during charging using a voltage sensor and the like.
- a monitoring unit 14 That is, the deterioration parameter acquisition unit 10 uses the current flowing through the secondary battery during charging, the voltage between the terminals of the secondary battery during charging, the total operating time of the secondary battery, and the temperature of the secondary battery as the deterioration parameter values, respectively. get.
- the charge control device 2 further includes a use history storage unit 21, a deterioration index calculation unit 22, an allowable deterioration index calculation unit 23, a resistance calculation unit 24, a charge condition table storage unit 25, and a charge control unit 26.
- the usage history storage unit 21 and the charging condition table storage unit 25 are storage units provided using a memory device such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) (not shown) in the charging control device 2.
- the degradation index calculation unit 22, the allowable degradation index calculation unit 23, the resistance calculation unit 24, and the charge control unit 26 are functional units given by a controller and a program such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) in the charge control device 2, for example. is there.
- the usage history storage unit 21 is an area for storing values of deterioration parameters such as current, voltage, total operating time, and temperature acquired by the deterioration parameter acquisition unit 10 as usage history of the secondary battery.
- the charging condition table storage unit 25 is an area in which, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a table indicating a correspondence between a combination of a temperature of the secondary battery and an internal resistance and a charging condition is stored. Since the internal resistance of the secondary battery gradually increases due to the deterioration of the secondary battery, the charging conditions can be selected with higher resolution by combining with the temperature of the secondary battery.
- the charging condition is given by the charging current. Below room temperature, the deterioration rate of the secondary battery can be suppressed as the charging current is reduced. However, the smaller the charging current, the longer the charging time. Therefore, in order to shorten the charging time as much as possible within the range in which the usage period of the secondary battery requested by the manufacturer is guaranteed, for each combination of the secondary battery temperature and internal resistance, Information indicating the optimum charging current is set in the table.
- the temperature 20 ° C. indicates a range from 15 ° C. to less than 25 ° C.
- a temperature of 10 ° C. indicates a range from 5 ° C. to less than 15 ° C.
- a temperature of 0 ° C. indicates a range from ⁇ 0.25 ° C. to less than 5 ° C.
- a temperature of ⁇ 5 ° C. indicates a range from ⁇ x ° C. to less than ⁇ 0.25 ° C.
- a resistance value of 20 m ⁇ is less than 25 m ⁇ .
- a resistance value of 30 m ⁇ is 25 m ⁇ or more and less than 35 m ⁇ .
- a resistance value of 40 m ⁇ is from 35 m ⁇ to less than 45 m ⁇ .
- a resistance value of 50 m ⁇ is 45 m ⁇ or more and less than 55 m ⁇ .
- the information showing the resolution of the temperature and internal resistance and the charging current shown in this table is an example. Depending on the combination of the temperature and each value of the internal resistance, charging may not be possible. Information indicating prohibition of charging is set for such a combination.
- the degradation index calculation unit 22 is a secondary at the present time (total operation time t n ) based on the values of each deterioration parameter such as current, voltage, and total operation time stored in the usage history storage unit 21.
- a deterioration index value Q (t n ) indicating a battery deterioration amount is calculated.
- the allowable deterioration index calculation unit 23 is used as an evaluation reference value of the deterioration index value Q (t n ) at the time of the total operation time t n calculated by the deterioration index calculation unit 22, and is the total operation time t of the secondary battery.
- An allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n ) corresponding to n is obtained.
- OCV Open Circuit Voltage
- the OCV capacity is an integrated capacity when the secondary battery is fully charged from the fully charged state until the cutoff voltage is reached.
- the charge capacity calculated by multiplying, for example, the charge current and time until the secondary battery is completely discharged at a low current and then fully charged is assumed to be approximately equal to the OCV capacity described above. It can be employed as a deterioration index for secondary batteries.
- a graph showing the relationship between the allowable degradation index value Q Ref (t n) and the total operating time of the rechargeable battery t n is there.
- the allowable deterioration index calculation unit 23 holds information indicating this relationship in advance. Based on this information, the allowable deterioration index calculation unit 23 obtains an allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n ) at the time of the total operation time t n .
- the resistance calculation unit 24 uses the values of the deterioration parameters such as current, voltage, and time corresponding to the measurement times stored in the use history storage unit 21 to determine the internal resistance corresponding to the deterioration state of the secondary battery. Is statistically calculated and retained.
- the deterioration parameter acquisition unit 10 and the resistance calculation unit 24 correspond to a “parameter detection unit” in the claims.
- the charging control unit 26 is a controller that controls charging of the secondary battery.
- the charging control unit 26 refers to the value of the temperature parameter stored in the usage history storage unit 21 when a predetermined timing condition is satisfied, and also uses the internal resistance of the secondary battery held in the resistance calculation unit 24. Get the value of.
- the charging control unit 26 refers to the charging condition corresponding to the combination of the temperature and the internal resistance from the table, and sets the charging condition in the charging control unit 26.
- the charge control unit 26 the deterioration deterioration at the time of total operating time t n calculated by the index calculating unit 22 index value Q (t n) and the total operating time calculated by the permissible deterioration index calculating unit 23 t n
- the deterioration state of the secondary battery is evaluated by comparing the allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n ) at the time of.
- the charging control unit 26 updates the charging condition of the table so that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery is suppressed.
- the charging control unit 26 changes the amount of change (decrease) in the degradation index value Q (t n ) calculated next with respect to the degradation index value Q (t n ⁇ 1 ) at the time when the charging conditions in the table are updated.
- Amount is a change value of the allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n ) calculated next with respect to the allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n-1 ) at the same time when the charging condition of the table is updated ( In the case where it is larger than the amount of decrease, the charging condition of the table is again updated so that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery is suppressed.
- the deterioration parameter acquisition unit 10 acquires values of deterioration parameters of current, voltage, total operating time, and temperature during charging of the secondary battery module 1. For example, the deterioration parameter acquisition unit 10 may acquire the value of each deterioration parameter one or more times at the same or substantially the same timing while the secondary battery module 1 is being charged. Each acquired deterioration parameter value is stored in the usage history storage unit 21 as a usage history. During charging, when the value of each deterioration parameter is acquired a plurality of times and stored in the use history storage unit 21, the average value of the plurality of values is used for calculation of internal resistance, deterioration index value, and the like. Good.
- the resistance calculation unit 24 calculates the internal resistance of the secondary battery or the average value thereof with reference to the values of deterioration parameters such as current, voltage, and time from the usage history storage unit 21 according to a predetermined timing condition. And hold the result. Note that timing conditions for calculating the internal resistance include immediately after the end of charging.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of the charging condition selection process.
- an instruction to start charging is given to the charge control unit 26 of the charge control device 2 from, for example, a host controller.
- the charging control unit 26 acquires the value of the temperature deterioration parameter stored in the use history storage unit 21 (step S101).
- the charging control unit 26 compares the acquired temperature with a predetermined specified temperature (step S202).
- the specified temperature may be 25 ° C., for example.
- the present technology is not limited to this temperature.
- the charge control unit 26 may acquire temperature values at a plurality of time points in a certain period from the use history storage unit 21 and compare the average value of these temperature values with a specified temperature.
- the charge control unit 26 determines that there is a low possibility of rapid deterioration due to deposition of metallic lithium, and is fixed in advance.
- a charging control command is issued to the charging unit 3 so as to start charging the secondary battery according to the charging conditions (step S103). In this way, the fixed charging condition used in an environment of the specified temperature or higher is set in advance separately from the variable charging condition managed by the table.
- the charging control unit 26 proceeds to a process of selecting a charging condition with reference to the table. First, the charging control unit 26 acquires the value of the internal resistance of the secondary battery held in the resistance calculation unit 24 (step S104).
- the charging control unit 26 refers to the charging condition associated with the combination of the acquired temperature value and internal resistance value from the table (step S105). For example, assuming the table shown in FIG. 2, if the temperature is 19 ° C. and the resistance value is 32 m ⁇ , 0.8 C is selected as the charging condition.
- 1C is a current value at which the secondary battery is discharged at constant current and discharge is completed in 1 hour.
- the charging control unit 26 gives a charging control command to the charging unit 3 so as to start charging the secondary battery according to the charging condition referenced from the table (step S106).
- the charging unit 3 starts charging the secondary battery under the charging condition according to the charging control command.
- the charging control unit 26 performs processing at the time of prohibiting charging, for example, processing for supplying a control command for prohibiting charging to the charging unit 3 and notifying the user of that. Thereby, generation
- the charge control unit 26 acquires the temperature value from the usage history storage unit 21 at a predetermined time period (step S107), for example, and the resistance calculation unit 24 internally.
- the resistance value is acquired (step S109).
- the charging control unit 26 refers to the charging condition corresponding to each combination of the acquired temperature and each value of the internal resistance from the table (step S110), and the charging condition that has already been set in the charging unit 3 is referred to It is determined whether they are different (step S111).
- the charging control unit 26 When the charging condition referred to from the table is the same as the charging condition already set in the charging unit 3 (No in step S111), the charging control unit 26 returns to the process of waiting for a certain period of time in step S107. Repeat the same procedure.
- the charging control unit 26 instructs the charging unit 3 to switch the charging condition to the newly referred charging condition. give. (Step S112).
- the charging unit 3 switches charging conditions according to the charging condition switching command.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the flow of the table update process.
- Degradation index calculation unit 22 current stored in the use history storage unit 21, a voltage, with reference to the values of the deterioration parameters such as total operating time, in the secondary battery of the present time (the time of the total operating time t n)
- the degradation index value Q (t n ) is calculated (step S201).
- the allowable deterioration index calculation unit 23 calculates an allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n ) used as a reference value for evaluating the deterioration index value Q (t n ) in the total operating time t n (step) S202).
- the charging control unit 26 checks the table update history (step S203).
- the update history of the table includes information indicating whether or not the charging conditions of the table have been updated in the past, and the update date and time.
- the charging control unit 26 When the charging control unit 26 confirms that the charging conditions in the table have not been updated in the past (Yes in step S203), the charging control unit 26 acquires the deterioration index value Q (t n ) from the deterioration index calculating unit 22, and the allowable deterioration index. An allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n ) is acquired from the calculation unit 23. The charge control unit 26 compares the deterioration index value Q (t n ) with the allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n ) and determines whether or not the following condition is satisfied (step S204). Q (t n )> Q Ref (t n ) (1)
- step S204 the charging control unit 26 is in a state where there is no problem even if the state of deterioration of the secondary battery uses the charging condition of the current table as it is, that is, It is assumed that the usage period of the secondary battery determined by the manufacturer or the like is assured, and the process is terminated.
- the relationship between the degradation index value Q (t n ) and the allowable degradation index value Q Ref (t n ) in FIG. 4 satisfies the condition of the above equation (1).
- the charging control unit 26 When the condition of the above expression (1) is not satisfied (No in step S204), the charging control unit 26 has a problem with the contents of the current table regarding the deterioration state of the secondary battery (use of the secondary battery requested by the user) The charging conditions in the table are updated so that the possibility that the usage period of the secondary battery requested by the manufacturer or the like is guaranteed is higher (step S205).
- the charging condition in the table for example, if the charging condition is a charging current, there is a method of multiplying each charging current value by a predetermined value after the decimal point. For example, a value such as 0.9 is adopted as a fixed value after the decimal point. Thereby, the contents of the table are updated as shown in FIG. 7 from the state shown in FIG. Here, the combination of the temperature and the resistance value at which the current value is less than 0.1 C may be prohibited.
- the charging control unit 26 After the first update of the table is performed, the charging control unit 26 records the update history of the table (step S206).
- step S203 determines whether or not the following condition is satisfied (step S207).
- Q (t n-1 ) is the calculated degradation index value Q Ref (t n-1 ) for the previous update of the table, and is the allowable permissible degradation index calculated for the previous update of the table. Value.
- the charging control unit 26 determines that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery is not problematic even if the current table is used as it is, that is, the secondary battery It is considered that the usage period is assured, and the process is terminated.
- FIG. 8 shows an example where the condition of the expression (2) is not satisfied.
- the decrease amount of the deterioration index value (Q (t n-1 ) ⁇ Q (t n )) is smaller than the decrease amount of the allowable deterioration index value (Q Ref (t n ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ Q Ref (t n )).
- Q Ref (t n ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ Q Ref (t n ) the allowable degradation index value
- the charging control unit 26 determines that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery has some problem with the contents of the current table, that is, the usage period of the secondary battery is long.
- the charging conditions in the table are updated so that there is a higher possibility that the usage period of the secondary battery requested by the manufacturer or the like will be guaranteed (step S205).
- FIG. 9 shows an example when the condition of the expression (2) is satisfied. Since the decrease amount of the deterioration index value (Q (t n-1 ) ⁇ Q (t n )) is larger than the decrease amount of the allowable deterioration index value (Q Ref (t n ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ Q Ref (t n )) , ahead, there is a possibility that the degradation index value Q (t n) is lower than the allowable degradation index value Q Ref (t n). That is, it is estimated that the use period of the secondary battery may not be guaranteed if the current table is used as it is. Therefore, in such a case, the table is updated so that there is a higher possibility that the usage period of the secondary battery requested by the manufacturer or the like will be guaranteed.
- the charging condition is a charging current
- a method of multiplying each charging current value by a predetermined value after the decimal point may be used.
- the charging control unit 26 records the table update history again (step S206).
- the charging control device 2 has two combinations of suppression of the deterioration rate of the secondary battery below room temperature and charging time with respect to various combinations of the temperature and the internal resistance of the secondary battery. From a viewpoint, it has a table in which ideal charging conditions are registered.
- the charging control unit 26 refers to ideal charging conditions according to the current temperature and internal resistance of the secondary battery from the table, and performs control so that charging is performed under the charging conditions. Thereby, a secondary battery can be charged on optimal charging conditions from two viewpoints of suppression of the deterioration rate of the secondary battery below room temperature and charging time.
- the charging control unit obtains ideal charging conditions from the table even during charging of the secondary battery, and changes the charging conditions as necessary. That is, the secondary battery can be charged under the optimal charging condition in terms of operation according to changes in the situation.
- the deterioration index calculation unit 22 quantifies the deterioration amount of the secondary battery as a deterioration index value Q (t n ) at the time of the total operation time t n .
- the charge control unit 26, when the total operating time t n degradation index value Q at the time of (t n) has become acceptable degradation index value Q Ref (t n) or less at the time of its total operating time t n The condition of the secondary battery is determined to be in a range where the usage period required by the manufacturer or the like is not guaranteed, and the charging conditions of the table are set so that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery below room temperature is suppressed. Update. Thereby, the secondary battery can be charged under optimum charging conditions from the three viewpoints of suppression of the deterioration rate of the secondary battery below room temperature, charging time, and further the required usage period.
- the charging control unit 26 changes the amount of change (decrease) in the deterioration index value Q (t n ) calculated next with respect to the deterioration index value Q (t n ⁇ 1 ) at the time when the charging condition of the table is updated.
- Amount is a change value of the allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n ) calculated next with respect to the allowable deterioration index value Q Ref (t n-1 ) at the same time when the charging condition of the table is updated ( If the amount of decrease is larger, the charging condition of the table is updated again so that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery is suppressed. This also makes it possible to charge the secondary battery under optimum charging conditions from the three viewpoints of suppressing the deterioration rate of the secondary battery below room temperature, charging time, and the required usage period.
- the charging condition is the charging current.
- Other charging conditions that can be similarly used include a cut-off current and a cut-off voltage when charging is terminated.
- a plurality of combinations of charging current, cutoff current, and cutoff voltage may be used as the charging condition.
- the secondary battery is a lithium ion battery.
- the present technology can be similarly applied.
- the resistance value of the secondary battery can be used as an index. As the secondary battery deteriorates, the resistance value gradually increases. Therefore, the charge control unit 26, a total operating time t the value of resistance of the secondary battery at the time of n R (t n), the allowable value R Ref in the resistance of the secondary battery at the time of total operating time t n Compare (t n ). If R (t n ) ⁇ R Ref (t n ) does not hold, the charge control unit 26 determines that the deterioration amount of the secondary battery is within a range in which the use period required by the manufacturer or the like is not guaranteed, The charging conditions of the table are updated so that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery is suppressed.
- t 1 second resistance may be used as the value of the resistance that is actually evaluated.
- the t 1 second resistance is as follows.
- the slope of the regression line is t 1 second resistance (Rt 1 ).
- a table indicating the correspondence between the combination of the temperature and the internal resistance of the secondary battery and the charging condition is used as the charging condition table, but a table corresponding to the temperature or the internal resistance and the charging condition may be used. . Or you may use the table which shows a response
- this technique can also take the following structures.
- a parameter detection unit for detecting parameters of the secondary battery;
- a table storage unit for storing a table indicating correspondence between parameters of the secondary battery and charging conditions;
- a charging control unit configured to refer to a corresponding charging condition from the table based on the detected parameter and to control charging of the secondary battery according to the charging condition.
- Power storage system for storing a parameter detection unit for detecting parameters of the secondary battery;
- a table storage unit for storing a table indicating correspondence between parameters of the secondary battery and charging conditions;
- a charging control unit configured to refer to a corresponding charging condition from the table based on the detected parameter and to control charging of the secondary battery according to the charging condition.
- Power storage system for detecting parameters of the secondary battery.
- the table is a table showing the correspondence between the combination of temperature and content resistance of the secondary battery and charging conditions, The power storage system, wherein the parameter detection unit is configured to detect a temperature and content resistance of the secondary battery.
- the charging control unit refers to the corresponding charging condition from the table when the detected temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature, performs charging according to the charging condition, and the detected temperature is determined in advance.
- a power storage system configured to perform charging under a fixed charging condition when the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.
- the power storage system according to any one of (1) to (4), A deterioration amount calculation unit for calculating a deterioration amount of the secondary battery; An allowable deterioration amount calculation unit for calculating an allowable deterioration amount of the secondary battery; Further comprising The charging control unit compares the calculated deterioration amount with an allowable deterioration amount, and updates the charging condition of the table according to the result so that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery is suppressed. Configured power storage system.
- the power storage system according to (5), The deterioration amount calculation unit and the allowable deterioration amount calculation unit respectively calculate the deterioration amount and the allowable deterioration amount according to a predetermined timing condition
- the charge control unit is configured such that a change value of the deterioration amount detected next with respect to the deterioration amount at the time when the charging condition of the table is updated is the change value of the charging condition of the table.
- the charging condition of the table is configured to be updated so that the deterioration rate of the secondary battery is suppressed when the allowable deterioration amount is larger than a change value of the allowable deterioration amount detected next. system.
Abstract
Description
しかし、充電電流を小さくするとそれだけ長い充電時間が必要となり、エンドユーザの利便性が損なわれる。充電時間を引き延ばすために充電電流を大きくすれば、室温未満での金属リチウム析出を伴う急激な劣化が顕著になり、寿命が短くなる。
<第1の実施形態>
この蓄電システム100は、二次電池モジュール1と、充電制御装置2と、充電部3とを有する。
充電部3は、商用電源や太陽エネルギーを電力に変換する装置などから得た電力から二次電池の充電用の電力を生成して二次電池に供給するための回路などで構成される。
劣化指標算出部22、許容劣化指標算出部23、抵抗算出部24、および充電制御部26は、充電制御装置2内の例えばCPU(Central Processing Unit)などのコントローラとプログラムなどによって与えられる機能部である。
二次電池を低電流で完全に放電させた後、満充電状態になるまでの例えば充電電流と時間との乗算などによって算出される充電容量は、上記のOCV容量とほぼ等しいものとして、これを二次電池の劣化指標として採用することができる。
なお、本実施形態において劣化パラメータ取得部10と抵抗算出部24が特許請求の範囲の「パラメータ検出部」に相当する。
次に、本実施形態の充電制御装置2の動作を説明する。
劣化パラメータ取得部10は、二次電池モジュール1の充電中、電流、電圧、総稼働時間、温度の各劣化パラメータの値を取得する。劣化パラメータ取得部10は、例えば、二次電池モジュール1の充電中、同じもしくは略同じタイミングで各々の劣化パラメータの値を1回以上取得してもよい。
取得された各々の劣化パラメータの値は使用履歴記憶部21に使用履歴として記憶される。充電中、各々の劣化パラメータの値が複数回取得されて使用履歴記憶部21に記憶された場合、それら複数の値の平均値を、内部抵抗、劣化指標値などの計算に利用するようにしてよい。
図5は充電条件の選択処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。
充電制御部26は、取得した温度と内部抵抗の各値の組み合わせに対応する充電条件をテーブルから参照し(ステップS110)、この参照した充電条件が既に充電部3に設定されている充電条件と異なるかどうかを判断する(ステップS111)。
図6はテーブルの更新処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。
図5のステップS108において二次電池の充電が終了すると(ステップS108のYes)、充電制御部26は、二次電池の劣化量に応じたテーブルの更新処理を行うために、劣化指標算出部22および許容劣化指標算出部23をそれぞれ起動させる。
Q(tn)>QRef(tn) ・・・(1)
Q(tn-1)-Q(tn)>QRef(tn-1)-QRef(tn)・・・(2)
ここで、Q(tn-1)は、テーブルの前回の更新のための算出された劣化指標値QRef(tn-1)は、テーブルの前回の更新のための算出された許容劣化指標値である。
1.本実施形態の蓄電システム100において、充電制御装置2は、二次電池の温度と内部抵抗との様々な組み合わせに対して、室温未満での二次電池の劣化速度の抑制と充電時間の2つの観点から理想的な充電条件が登録されたテーブルを有する。充電制御部26は、現時点の二次電池の温度と内部抵抗に応じた理想的な充電条件をテーブルから参照し、その充電条件で充電を実行させるように制御する。これにより、室温未満での二次電池の劣化速度の抑制と充電時間の2つの観点から最適な充電条件で二次電池を充電することができる。
上記の実施形態では、充電条件を充電電流としたが、その他に同様に利用できる充電条件として、充電を終了させる時のカットオフ電流、カットオフ電圧なども挙げられる。あるいは充電電流、カットオフ電流、カットオフ電圧の複数の組み合わせを充電条件としてもよい。
本実施形態では、二次電池がリチウムイオン電池である場合を想定したが、室温など、ある温度よりも低温環境において、劣化速度が速くなる性質を有するその他の種類の二次電池を想定した場合にも、本技術は同様に応用され得る。
上記の実施形態では、二次電池の劣化指標としてOCV容量を採用することを想定したが、本技術はこれに限定されるものではなく、その他、様々な指標を採用することができる。
R(tn)<RRef(tn)が成立しない場合、充電制御部26は、二次電池の劣化量がメーカなどにより要求される使用期間が保証されない範囲にあるものと判定し、二次電池の劣化速度が抑制されるようにテーブルの充電条件を更新する。
上記の実施形態では、充電条件テーブルとして二次電池の温度と内部抵抗との組み合わせと充電条件との対応を示すテーブルを用いたが、温度あるいは内部抵抗と充電条件との対応のテーブルとしてもよい。あるいは、その他の1以上の種類のパラメータと充電条件との対応を示すテーブルを用いてもよい。
(1) 二次電池のパラメータを検出するパラメータ検出部と、
前記二次電池のパラメータと充電条件との対応を示すテーブルを記憶するテーブル記憶部と、
前記検出されたパラメータをもとに前記テーブルから該当する充電条件を参照し、この充電条件により前記二次電池への充電が行われるように制御するように構成される充電制御部と
を具備する蓄電システム。
前記テーブルが、前記二次電池の温度および内容抵抗の組み合わせと充電条件との対応を示すテーブルであり、
前記パラメータ検出部が、前記二次電池の温度および内容抵抗を検出するように構成される
蓄電システム。
前記充電条件が、前記二次電池の予め決められた利用期間を保証するように定められたものである
蓄電システム。
前記充電制御部は、前記検出された温度が予め決められた温度より低い場合に前記テーブルから前記該当する充電条件を参照し、この充電条件に従って充電を行わせ、前記検出された温度が予め決められた温度以上である場合に固定の充電条件により充電を行わせるように構成される
蓄電システム。
前記二次電池の劣化量を算出する劣化量算出部と、
前記二次電池の許容劣化量を算出する許容劣化量算出部と、
をさらに具備し、
前記充電制御部は、前記算出された劣化量と許容劣化量とを比較し、この結果に応じて、前記二次電池の劣化速度が抑制されるように前記テーブルの充電条件を更新するように構成される
蓄電システム。
前記劣化量算出部及び前記許容劣化量算出部は各々、所定のタイミング条件に従って前記劣化量の算出および前記許容劣化量の算出を行い、
前記充電制御部は、前記テーブルの充電条件が更新された時点での前記劣化量に対して次に検出された前記劣化量の変化値が、前記テーブルの充電条件が更新された時点での前記許容劣化量に対して次に検出された前記許容劣化量の変化値より大きい場合に、前記二次電池の劣化速度が抑制されるように前記テーブルの充電条件を更新するように構成される
蓄電システム。
2…充電制御装置
3…充電部
10…劣化パラメータ検出部
11…電流監視部
12…電圧監視部
13…時間監視部
14…温度監視部
21…使用履歴記憶部
22…劣化指標算出部
23…許容劣化指標算出部
24…抵抗算出部
25…充電条件テーブル記憶部
26…充電制御部
100…蓄電システム
Claims (7)
- 二次電池のパラメータを検出するパラメータ検出部と、
前記二次電池のパラメータと充電条件との対応を示すテーブルを記憶するテーブル記憶部と、
前記検出されたパラメータをもとに前記テーブルから該当する充電条件を参照し、この充電条件により前記二次電池への充電が行われるように制御するように構成される充電制御部と
を具備する蓄電システム。 - 請求項1に記載の蓄電システムであって、
前記テーブルが、前記二次電池の温度および内容抵抗の組み合わせと充電条件との対応を示すテーブルである
蓄電システム。 - 請求項2に記載の蓄電システムであって、
前記充電条件が、前記二次電池の予め決められた利用期間を保証するように定められたものである
蓄電システム。 - 請求項3に記載の蓄電システムであって、
前記充電制御部は、前記検出された温度が予め決められた温度より低い場合に前記テーブルから前記該当する充電条件を参照し、この充電条件に従って充電を行わせ、前記検出された温度が予め決められた温度以上である場合に固定の充電条件により充電を行わせるように構成される
蓄電システム。 - 請求項4に記載の蓄電システムであって、
前記二次電池の劣化量を算出する劣化量算出部と、
前記二次電池の許容劣化量を算出する許容劣化量算出部と、
をさらに具備し、
前記充電制御部は、前記算出された劣化量と許容劣化量とを比較し、この結果に応じて、前記二次電池の劣化速度が抑制されるように前記テーブルの充電条件を更新するように構成される
蓄電システム。 - 請求項5に記載の蓄電システムであって、
前記劣化量算出部及び前記許容劣化量算出部は各々、所定のタイミング条件に従って前記劣化量の算出および前記許容劣化量の算出を行い、
前記充電制御部は、前記テーブルの充電条件が更新された時点での前記劣化量に対して次に取得された前記劣化量の変化値が、前記テーブルの充電条件が更新された時点での前記許容劣化量に対して次に取得された前記許容劣化量の変化値より大きい場合に、前記二次電池の劣化速度が抑制されるように前記テーブルの充電条件を更新するように構成される
蓄電システム。 - 二次電池のパラメータを検出し、
前記検出されたパラメータをもとに、前記二次電池のパラメータと充電条件との対応を示すテーブルから該当する充電条件を参照し、
この充電条件により前記二次電池への充電を行う
二次電池の充電方法。
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- 2014-09-30 KR KR1020167012628A patent/KR102141268B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-09-30 WO PCT/JP2014/004988 patent/WO2015075857A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-09-30 CA CA2931084A patent/CA2931084A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-09-30 US US15/037,023 patent/US10523029B2/en active Active
- 2014-09-30 EP EP14863552.7A patent/EP3076518B1/en active Active
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2017034275A1 (ko) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-03-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차 전지의 충전 조건 조정 장치 및 방법 |
CN107408827A (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-11-28 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 用于调整二次电池的充电条件的设备和方法 |
JP2018523891A (ja) * | 2015-08-21 | 2018-08-23 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 二次電池の充電条件調整装置及び方法 |
KR101925002B1 (ko) * | 2015-08-21 | 2018-12-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차 전지의 충전 조건 조정 장치 및 방법 |
US10333180B2 (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2019-06-25 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Apparatus and method for adjusting charging condition of secondary battery |
CN107408827B (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2020-04-21 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 用于调整二次电池的充电条件的设备和方法 |
EP3229338A3 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-01-31 | HTC Corporation | Electronic system and charging method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3076518A1 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
EP3076518B1 (en) | 2020-06-24 |
JP2015104225A (ja) | 2015-06-04 |
US10523029B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 |
US20160254680A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
CA2931084A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
EP3076518A4 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
KR102141268B1 (ko) | 2020-08-04 |
KR20160090292A (ko) | 2016-07-29 |
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