WO2014203304A1 - 半導体装置の製造方法、及び、半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置の製造方法、及び、半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014203304A1 WO2014203304A1 PCT/JP2013/066559 JP2013066559W WO2014203304A1 WO 2014203304 A1 WO2014203304 A1 WO 2014203304A1 JP 2013066559 W JP2013066559 W JP 2013066559W WO 2014203304 A1 WO2014203304 A1 WO 2014203304A1
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- insulating film
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- H01L29/6681—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET with a gate at the side of the channel with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET using dummy structures having essentially the same shape as the semiconductor body, e.g. to provide stability
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device manufacturing method and a semiconductor device.
- SGT Surrounding Gate Transistor
- a silicon pillar in which a nitride film hard mask is formed in a columnar shape is formed using a mask for drawing a silicon pillar, and a silicon pillar is drawn using a mask for drawing a planar silicon layer.
- a planar silicon layer is formed at the bottom, and a gate wiring is formed using a mask for drawing the gate wiring (see, for example, Patent Document 4). That is, a silicon pillar, a planar silicon layer, and a gate wiring are formed using three masks.
- Non-patent Document 1 a metal gate last process for creating a metal gate after a high temperature process is used in an actual product in order to achieve both a metal gate process and a high temperature process.
- an interlayer insulating film is deposited, then the polysilicon gate is exposed by chemical mechanical polishing, and after etching the polysilicon gate, a metal is deposited. Therefore, also in SGT, in order to make a metal gate process and a high temperature process compatible, it is necessary to use the metal gate last process which produces a metal gate after a high temperature process.
- a diffusion layer is formed by ion implantation.
- SGT since the upper part of the columnar silicon layer is covered with the polysilicon gate, a device is required.
- the density of silicon is 5 ⁇ 10 22 pieces / cm 3 , so that it becomes difficult for impurities to exist in the silicon pillar.
- the sidewall of the LDD region is formed of polycrystalline silicon having the same conductivity type as that of the low concentration layer, and the surface carrier of the LDD region is induced by the work function difference, so that the oxide film sidewall LDD type MOS It has been shown that the impedance of the LDD region can be reduced as compared with a transistor (see, for example, Patent Document 6).
- the polycrystalline silicon sidewall is shown to be electrically insulated from the gate electrode. In the figure, it is shown that the polysilicon side wall and the source / drain are insulated by an interlayer insulating film.
- the conventional MOS transistor uses the first insulating film.
- FINFET Non-patent Document 2
- a first insulating film is formed around one fin-like semiconductor layer, the first insulating film is etched back, the fin-like semiconductor layer is exposed, and the gate wiring and the substrate The parasitic capacitance between them is reduced. Therefore, also in SGT, it is necessary to use the first insulating film in order to reduce the parasitic capacitance between the gate wiring and the substrate.
- SGT since there is a columnar semiconductor layer in addition to the fin-shaped semiconductor layer, a device for forming the columnar semiconductor layer is required.
- JP-A-2-71556 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-188966 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-145761 JP 2009-182317 A JP 2004-356314 A JP-A-11-297984
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an SGT having a structure that functions as a p-type semiconductor layer, and an SGT structure obtained as a result.
- the method for manufacturing a semiconductor device of the present invention includes a first step of forming a fin-like semiconductor layer on a semiconductor substrate and forming a first insulating film around the fin-like semiconductor layer, and after the first step, A second step of forming a first dummy gate made of a columnar semiconductor layer and a first polysilicon; and after the second step, a second dummy gate is formed on a side wall of the first dummy gate and the columnar semiconductor layer.
- a sidewall made of a fifth insulating film is formed around the second dummy gate to form a sidewall made of a fifth insulating film.
- a sixth insulating film is deposited, a third resist for a contact hole formed on the columnar semiconductor layer is formed, and the sixth insulating film is etched to thereby form the columnar semiconductor layer upper portion. Contact holes are formed, the third resist is removed, a second gate insulating film is deposited, a second metal is deposited, etch back is performed, and the second gate on the columnar semiconductor layer is formed.
- a metal sidewall is formed on the upper sidewall of the columnar semiconductor layer, and a third metal is deposited to form a contact connecting the upper portion of the metal sidewall and the upper portion of the columnar semiconductor layer. And a sixth step.
- a second insulating film is formed around the fin-like semiconductor layer, and the first polysilicon is deposited and planarized on the second insulating film, and the gate wiring and A second resist for forming the columnar semiconductor layer is formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the fin-shaped semiconductor layer, and the first polysilicon, the second insulating film, and the fin-shaped semiconductor are formed.
- the columnar semiconductor layer and the first dummy gate made of the first polysilicon are formed by etching a layer.
- a fourth insulating film is formed around the columnar semiconductor layer and the first dummy gate, a second polysilicon is deposited around the fourth insulating film, and etching is performed.
- the second dummy gate is formed by remaining on the side walls of the first dummy gate and the columnar semiconductor layer.
- the fifth insulating film is formed around the second dummy gate, etched and left in a sidewall shape, and a sidewall made of the fifth insulating film is formed. And forming the second diffusion layer above the fin-like semiconductor layer and below the columnar semiconductor layer, and forming the compound of the metal and the semiconductor on the second diffusion layer.
- an interlayer insulating film is deposited and chemically mechanically polished to expose the second dummy gate and the upper portion of the first dummy gate, and the second dummy gate and the first dummy are exposed. Removing the gate, removing the second insulating film and the fourth insulating film, forming a first gate insulating film around the columnar semiconductor layer and inside the fifth insulating film; The metal is deposited and etched back to form the gate electrode and the gate wiring.
- the method further includes depositing the first polysilicon on the second insulating film and flattening, and then forming a third insulating film on the first polysilicon.
- the method further includes depositing a contact stopper film after the fourth step.
- the method further includes a step of removing the first gate insulating film after the fifth step.
- the metal work function of the metal side wall is between 4.0 eV and 4.2 eV.
- the metal work function of the metal sidewall is between 5.0 eV and 5.2 eV.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention is formed on the fin-like semiconductor layer, the fin-like semiconductor layer formed on the semiconductor substrate, the first insulating film formed around the fin-like semiconductor layer, and the fin-like semiconductor layer.
- the width of the columnar semiconductor layer and the width of the columnar semiconductor layer in the direction perpendicular to the fin-shaped semiconductor layer is the same as the width in the direction orthogonal to the fin-shaped semiconductor layer itself, and is formed around the columnar semiconductor layer.
- a first gate insulating film, a gate electrode made of metal formed around the first gate insulating film, and a metal extending in a direction perpendicular to the fin-like semiconductor layer connected to the gate electrode The gate electrode and the first gate insulating film formed around and at the bottom of the gate electrode, and the width outside the gate electrode and the width of the gate wiring are the same.
- it is characterized in that it further includes the second gate insulating film formed around and at the bottom of the metal sidewall.
- the metal work function of the metal side wall is between 4.0 eV and 4.2 eV.
- the metal work function of the metal sidewall is between 5.0 eV and 5.2 eV.
- a fin-like semiconductor layer, a columnar semiconductor layer, a gate electrode and a gate wiring are formed with two masks, and this is a gate last process.
- the upper part of the columnar semiconductor layer is formed by a work function difference between a metal and a semiconductor. It is possible to provide a method for manufacturing an SGT having a structure that functions as an n-type semiconductor layer or a p-type semiconductor layer, and a structure of the resulting SGT.
- a first polysilicon is deposited and planarized on the second insulating film, and a second resist for forming a gate wiring and a columnar semiconductor layer is formed on the fin-shaped semiconductor layer.
- the first dummy gate and the second dummy gate that become the gate electrode and the gate wiring can be formed, and the number of steps can be reduced.
- the first dummy gate and the second dummy gate are made of polysilicon, and after that, an interlayer insulating film is deposited, and then the first dummy gate and the second dummy gate are exposed by chemical mechanical polishing. Since the conventional metal gate last manufacturing method of depositing metal after etching the gate can be used, the metal gate SGT can be easily formed.
- a sixth insulating film is deposited, a third resist for a contact hole formed on the columnar semiconductor layer is formed, and the sixth insulating film is etched.
- remove the third resist deposit a second gate insulating film, deposit a second metal, perform etch back,
- a metal side wall is formed on the upper side wall of the columnar semiconductor layer, and a third metal is deposited, so that the upper side wall of the metal and the upper side of the columnar semiconductor layer are formed.
- the metal gate last process is applied to SGT, the upper part of the columnar semiconductor layer is covered with the polysilicon gate, so that it is difficult to form a diffusion layer on the upper part of the columnar semiconductor layer. Therefore, a diffusion layer is formed on the columnar semiconductor layer before forming the polysilicon gate.
- the diffusion layer is not formed on the upper part of the columnar semiconductor layer, and the upper part of the columnar semiconductor layer can function as an n-type semiconductor layer or a p-type semiconductor layer depending on a work function difference between the metal and the semiconductor. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the step of forming the diffusion layer on the columnar semiconductor layer.
- the gate electrode and the gate wiring can be insulated from the columnar semiconductor layer and the fin-shaped semiconductor layer by the first gate insulating film formed around and at the bottom of the gate electrode and the gate wiring. .
- the second gate insulating film formed around and at the bottom of the metal sidewall even if the gate electrode and the gate wiring are exposed after the contact hole etching, the second gate is thereafter Since the insulating film is formed, the metal sidewall can be insulated from the gate electrode and the gate wiring.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG. (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG.
- (A) is a top view which concerns on the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line X-X ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y ′ in FIG.
- a first step of forming a fin-like semiconductor layer on a semiconductor substrate and forming a first insulating film around the fin-like semiconductor layer is shown.
- the silicon substrate is used, but a substrate made of another semiconductor may be used.
- a first resist 102 for forming a fin-like silicon layer is formed on the silicon substrate 101.
- the silicon substrate 101 is etched to form a fin-like silicon layer 103.
- the fin-like silicon layer is formed using a resist as a mask this time, a hard mask such as an oxide film or a nitride film may be used.
- the first resist 102 is removed.
- a first insulating film 104 is deposited around the fin-like silicon layer 103.
- An oxide film formed by high-density plasma or an oxide film formed by low-pressure CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) may be used as the first insulating film.
- the first insulating film 104 is etched back to expose the upper portion of the fin-like silicon layer 103.
- the process up to here is the same as the manufacturing method of the fin-like silicon layer of Non-Patent Document 2.
- the first step of forming the fin-like silicon layer 103 on the silicon substrate 101 and forming the first insulating film 104 around the fin-like silicon layer 103 has been shown.
- a second insulating film is formed around the fin-shaped semiconductor layer, and first polysilicon is deposited and planarized on the second insulating film to form a gate wiring and a columnar semiconductor layer.
- the second resist is formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the fin-shaped semiconductor layer, and the first polysilicon, the second insulating film, and the fin-shaped semiconductor layer are etched to form a columnar shape.
- a second step of forming a semiconductor layer and a first dummy gate made of the first polysilicon is shown.
- a second insulating film 105 is formed around the fin-like silicon layer 103.
- the second insulating film 105 is preferably an oxide film.
- a first polysilicon 106 is deposited on the second insulating film 105 and planarized.
- a third insulating film 107 is formed on the first polysilicon 106.
- the third insulating film 107 is preferably a nitride film.
- a second resist 108 for forming a gate wiring and a columnar silicon layer is formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the fin-shaped silicon layer 103.
- the third insulating film 107 As shown in FIG. 11, by etching the third insulating film 107, the first polysilicon 106, the second insulating film 105, and the fin-like silicon layer 103, the columnar silicon layer 109 and the first silicon layer 109 are etched. A first dummy gate 106 made of one polysilicon is formed.
- the third insulating film 107 functions as a hard mask.
- the third insulating film may not be used.
- the second resist 108 is removed.
- the second insulating film is formed around the fin-like semiconductor layer, the first polysilicon is deposited and planarized on the second insulating film, and the gate wiring and the columnar semiconductor layer are formed.
- the second resist is formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the fin-shaped semiconductor layer, and the first polysilicon, the second insulating film, and the fin-shaped semiconductor layer are etched to form a columnar shape.
- a second step of forming a semiconductor layer and a first dummy gate made of the first polysilicon is shown.
- a fourth insulating film is formed around the columnar semiconductor layer and the first dummy gate, and second polysilicon is deposited around the fourth insulating film.
- a fourth insulating film 110 is formed around the columnar silicon layer 109 and the first dummy gate 106.
- the fourth insulating film 110 is preferably an oxide film.
- a second polysilicon 113 is deposited around the fourth insulating film 110.
- the second dummy gate 113 is formed by remaining on the side walls of the first dummy gate 106 and the columnar silicon layer 109.
- the fourth insulating film is formed around the columnar semiconductor layer and the first dummy gate, and the second polysilicon is deposited around the fourth insulating film.
- the third step of forming the second dummy gate by etching is left on the side walls of the first dummy gate and the columnar semiconductor layer.
- a fifth insulating film is formed around the second dummy gate, etched, and left in a sidewall shape to form a sidewall made of the fifth insulating film, and the fin shape
- a fourth step is shown in which a second diffusion layer is formed on the upper part of the semiconductor layer and the lower part of the columnar semiconductor layer, and a compound of metal and semiconductor is formed on the second diffusion layer.
- a fifth insulating film 114 is formed around the second dummy gate 113.
- the fifth insulating film 114 is preferably a nitride film.
- the fifth insulating film 114 is etched and left in the shape of a sidewall, thereby forming a sidewall 114 made of the fifth insulating film.
- impurities are introduced to form a second diffusion layer 115 above the fin-like silicon layer 103 and below the columnar silicon layer 109.
- a second diffusion layer 115 above the fin-like silicon layer 103 and below the columnar silicon layer 109.
- boron In the case of a p-type diffusion layer, it is preferable to introduce boron. Impurity introduction may be performed before the fifth insulating film is formed.
- a metal / semiconductor compound 116 is formed on the second diffusion layer 115.
- a metal-semiconductor compound 117 is also formed on the second dummy gate 113.
- a fifth insulating film is formed around the second dummy gate, etched, and left in a sidewall shape to form a sidewall made of the fifth insulating film.
- a fourth step is shown in which a second diffusion layer is formed in the upper part of the semiconductor layer and the lower part of the columnar semiconductor layer, and a compound of metal and semiconductor is formed on the second diffusion layer.
- an interlayer insulating film is deposited and subjected to chemical mechanical polishing, exposing the second dummy gate and the upper portion of the first dummy gate, and the second dummy gate and the first dummy gate. 1 dummy gate is removed, the second insulating film and the fourth insulating film are removed, and a first gate insulating film is formed around the columnar semiconductor layer and inside the fifth insulating film. 5 shows a fifth step of depositing a first metal, performing etch back, and forming a gate electrode and a gate wiring.
- a contact stopper film 118 is deposited, and an interlayer insulating film 119 is deposited.
- the contact stopper film 118 is preferably a nitride film. When contact hole etching can be controlled, the contact stopper film need not be used.
- the second dummy gate 113 and the first dummy gate 106 are removed.
- a first gate insulating film 120 is formed around the columnar silicon layer 109 and inside the fifth insulating film 114, and a first metal 121 is deposited.
- a gate electrode 121 a is formed around the columnar silicon layer 109.
- the gate wiring 121b is formed.
- the gate electrode 121a and the gate wiring 121b are insulated from the columnar silicon layer 109 and the fin-shaped silicon layer 103 by the first gate insulating film 120 formed around and at the bottom of the gate electrode 121a and the gate wiring 121b. Can do.
- the first metal 121 is etched back to expose the upper portion of the columnar silicon layer 109.
- an interlayer insulating film is deposited and subjected to chemical mechanical polishing, exposing the second dummy gate and the upper portion of the first dummy gate, and the second dummy gate and the first dummy gate. 1 dummy gate is removed, the second insulating film and the fourth insulating film are removed, and a first gate insulating film is formed around the columnar semiconductor layer and inside the fifth insulating film.
- the fifth step of depositing the first metal and performing etch back to form the gate electrode and the gate wiring is shown.
- a sixth insulating film is deposited, a third resist for a contact hole formed on the columnar semiconductor layer is formed, and the sixth insulating film is etched.
- a contact hole is formed in the upper part of the columnar semiconductor layer, the third resist is removed, a second gate insulating film is deposited, a second metal is deposited, etch back is performed, and the columnar semiconductor layer is formed.
- a metal sidewall is formed on the upper sidewall of the columnar semiconductor layer by removing the second gate insulating film and an upper portion of the metal sidewall and the upper portion of the columnar semiconductor layer are deposited by depositing a third metal. The 6th process of forming the contact which connects these is shown.
- a sixth insulating film 122 is deposited.
- An oxide film is preferable as the sixth insulating film 122.
- a third resist 123 for the contact hole 124 formed on the columnar silicon layer 106 is formed.
- a contact hole 124 is formed on the columnar silicon layer 109 by etching the sixth insulating film 122.
- the third resist 123 is removed.
- the exposed first gate insulating film 120 is removed.
- a second gate insulating film 125 is deposited.
- a second metal 126 is deposited. Even if the gate electrode and the gate wiring are exposed after the contact hole etching, the second metal 126 is insulated from the gate electrode 121a and the gate wiring 121b by the second gate insulating film 125.
- the metal work function of the second metal 126 is preferably between 4.0 eV and 4.2 eV when the transistor is n-type.
- the work function of the second metal 126 is preferably between 5.0 eV and 5.2 eV when the transistor is p-type.
- the second metal 126 is etched back to expose the upper portion of the columnar silicon layer.
- a metal sidewall 126 is formed on the upper sidewall of the columnar silicon layer 109.
- a contact 127 connecting the upper portion of the metal sidewall 126 and the upper portion of the columnar silicon layer 109 is formed.
- a diffusion layer is not formed on the columnar silicon layer 109, but the columnar silicon layer upper portion can function as an n-type silicon layer or a p-type silicon layer depending on a work function difference between the second metal and silicon. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the step of forming the diffusion layer on the columnar silicon layer.
- the sixth insulating film is deposited, the third resist for the contact hole formed on the columnar semiconductor layer is formed, and the sixth insulating film is etched.
- a contact hole is formed in the upper part of the columnar semiconductor layer, the third resist is removed, a second gate insulating film is deposited, a second metal is deposited, etch back is performed, and the columnar semiconductor layer is formed.
- a metal sidewall is formed on the upper sidewall of the columnar semiconductor layer by removing the second gate insulating film and an upper portion of the metal sidewall and the upper portion of the columnar semiconductor layer are deposited by depositing a third metal.
- a sixth step of forming a contact for connecting is shown.
- a fourth resist 128 for forming contact holes is formed.
- the sixth insulating film 122, the first gate insulating film 120, the interlayer insulating film 119, and the contact stopper film 118 are etched to form contact holes 129 and 130.
- a metal 131 is deposited to form contacts 132 and 133.
- fifth resists 134, 135, and 136 are formed to form metal wiring.
- the metal 131 is etched to form metal wirings 137, 138, and 139.
- a fin-like semiconductor layer, a columnar semiconductor layer, a gate electrode and a gate wiring are formed by using two masks, and this is a gate last process.
- a method for manufacturing an SGT having a structure that functions as a layer or a p-type semiconductor layer is shown.
- FIG. 1 A structure of a semiconductor device obtained by the manufacturing method is shown in FIG.
- This semiconductor device is formed on a fin-like silicon layer 103 formed on a silicon substrate 101, a first insulating film 104 formed around the fin-like silicon layer 103, and the fin-like silicon layer 103.
- the columnar silicon layer 109 and the width of the columnar silicon layer 109 in the direction orthogonal to the fin-shaped silicon layer 109 are the same as the width in the direction orthogonal to the fin-shaped silicon layer 103 itself.
- the width of the first gate insulating film 120 formed on the periphery and the bottom of the gate electrode 121a and the width of the gate wiring 121b are the same, and the top of the fin-like silicon layer 103 and the A second diffusion layer 115 formed under the columnar silicon layer 109, a second gate insulating film 125 formed around the upper side wall of the columnar silicon layer 109, and the second gate insulating film 125
- a metal sidewall 126 formed in the periphery, and a contact 127 connecting the upper portion of the metal sidewall 126 and the upper portion of the columnar silicon layer 109 are provided.
- the diffusion layer is not formed on the columnar silicon layer 109, but the columnar silicon layer 109 can function as an n-type silicon layer or a p-type silicon layer depending on a work function difference between the second metal 126 and silicon. it can. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the step of forming the diffusion layer on the columnar silicon layer.
- the work function of the second metal 126 is between 4.0 eV and 4.2 eV
- the work function of the n-type silicon is in the vicinity of 4.05 eV, so that the upper part of the columnar silicon layer 109 functions as n-type silicon.
- the metal 126 for example, a compound of tantalum and titanium (TaTi) or tantalum nitride (TaN) is preferable.
- the work function of the second metal 126 is between 5.0 eV and 5.2 eV
- the work function of the p-type silicon is in the vicinity of 5.15 eV, so that the upper part of the columnar silicon layer 106 functions as p-type silicon.
- the metal 126 for example, ruthenium (Ru) or titanium nitride (TiN) is preferable.
- the gate electrode 121a and the gate wiring 121b include the columnar silicon layer 109, the fin-shaped silicon layer 103, and the first gate insulating film 120 formed around and at the bottom of the gate electrode 121a and the gate wiring 121b. Can be insulated from.
- the metal sidewall 126 can be insulated from the gate electrode 121a and the gate wiring 121b.
- Second gate insulating film 126 Second metal, metal sidewall 127. Third metal, contact 128. Fourth resist 129. Contact hole 130. Contact hole 131. Metal 132. Contact 133. Contact 134. Fifth resist 135. Fifth resist 136. Fifth resist 137. Metal wiring 138. Metal wiring 139. Metal wiring
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Abstract
2個のマスクで、フィン状半導体層、柱状半導体層、ゲート電極とゲート配線を形成し、ゲートラストプロセスであり、柱状半導体層上部を金属と半導体との仕事関数差によってn型半導体層もしくはp型半導体層として機能させる構造を持つSGTの製造方法と、その結果得られるSGTの構造を提供することを課題とする。半導体基板上にフィン状半導体層を形成し、周囲に第1の絶縁膜を形成する工程と、第1のダミーゲートを形成する工程と、第2のダミーゲートを形成する工程と、絶縁膜からなるサイドウォールを形成し、拡散層を形成し、拡散層上に金属と半導体の化合物を形成する工程と、ゲート電極及びゲート配線を形成する工程と、柱状半導体層上部にコンタクト孔を形成し、柱状半導体層上部側壁に金属サイドウォールを形成し、第3の金属を堆積することにより、金属サイドウォール上部と柱状半導体層上部を接続するコンタクトを形成する工程とを有することにより、上記課題を解決する。
Description
本発明は半導体装置の製造方法、及び、半導体装置に関する。
半導体集積回路、特にMOSトランジスタを用いた集積回路は、高集積化の一途を辿っている。この高集積化に伴って、その中で用いられているMOSトランジスタはナノ領域まで微細化が進んでいる。このようなMOSトランジスタの微細化が進むと、リーク電流の抑制が困難であり、必要な電流量確保の要請から回路の占有面積をなかなか小さくできない、といった問題があった。このような問題を解決するために、基板に対してソース、ゲート、ドレインが垂直方向に配置され、ゲート電極が柱状半導体層を取り囲む構造のSurrounding Gate Transistor(以下、「SGT」という。)が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1、特許文献2、特許文献3を参照)。
従来のSGTの製造方法では、シリコン柱を描画するためのマスクを用いて窒化膜ハードマスクが柱状に形成されたシリコン柱を形成し、平面状シリコン層を描画するためのマスクを用いてシリコン柱底部に平面状シリコン層を形成し、ゲート配線を描画するためのマスクを用いてゲート配線を形成している(例えば特許文献4を参照)。
すなわち、3つのマスクを用いてシリコン柱、平面状シリコン層、ゲート配線を形成している。
すなわち、3つのマスクを用いてシリコン柱、平面状シリコン層、ゲート配線を形成している。
また、従来のMOSトランジスタにおいて、メタルゲートプロセスと高温プロセスを両立させるために、高温プロセス後にメタルゲートを作成するメタルゲートラストプロセスが実際の製品で用いられている(非特許文献1)。ポリシリコンでゲートを作成し、その後、層間絶縁膜を堆積後、化学機械研磨によりポリシリコンゲートを露出し、ポリシリコンゲートをエッチング後、メタルを堆積している。そのためSGTにおいてもメタルゲートプロセスと高温プロセスを両立させるために、高温プロセス後にメタルゲートを作成するメタルゲートラストプロセスを用いる必要がある。
メタルゲートラストプロセスでは、ポリシリコンゲートを形成後、イオン注入により拡散層を形成している。SGTでは、柱状シリコン層上部がポリシリコンゲートに覆われるため工夫が必要である。
シリコン柱が細くなると、シリコンの密度は5×1022個/cm3であるから、シリコン柱内に不純物を存在させることが難しくなってくる。
従来のSGTでは、チャネル濃度を1017cm-3以下と低不純物濃度とし、ゲート材料の仕事関数を変えることによってしきい値電圧を決定することが提案されている(例えば、特許文献5を参照)。
平面型MOSトランジスタにおいて、LDD領域のサイドウォールが低濃度層と同一の導電型を有する多結晶シリコンにより形成され、LDD領域の表面キャリアがその仕事関数差によって誘起され、酸化膜サイドウォールLDD型MOSトランジスタに比してLDD領域のインピーダンスが低減できることが示されている(例えば、特許文献6を参照)。その多結晶シリコンサイドウォールは電気的にゲート電極と絶縁されていることが示されている。また図中には多結晶シリコンサイドウォールとソース・ドレインとは層間絶縁膜により絶縁していることが示されている。
また、ゲート配線と基板間の寄生容量を低減するために、従来のMOSトランジスタでは、第1の絶縁膜を用いている。例えばFINFET(非特許文献2)では、1つのフィン状半導体層の周囲に第1の絶縁膜を形成し、第1の絶縁膜をエッチバックし、フィン状半導体層を露出し、ゲート配線と基板間の寄生容量を低減している。そのためSGTにおいてもゲート配線と基板間の寄生容量を低減するために第1の絶縁膜を用いる必要がある。SGTではフィン状半導体層に加えて、柱状半導体層があるため、柱状半導体層を形成するための工夫が必要である。
IEDM2007 K.Mistry et.al, pp 247-250
IEDM2010 CC.Wu, et. al, 27.1.1-27.1.4.
そこで、2個のマスクで、フィン状半導体層、柱状半導体層、ゲート電極とゲート配線を形成し、ゲートラストプロセスであり、柱状半導体層上部を金属と半導体との仕事関数差によってn型半導体層もしくはp型半導体層として機能させる構造を持つSGTの製造方法と、その結果得られるSGTの構造を提供することを目的とする。
本発明の半導体装置の製造方法は、半導体基板上にフィン状半導体層を形成し、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第1の絶縁膜を形成する第1工程と、前記第1工程の後、柱状半導体層と第1のポリシリコンによる第1のダミーゲートを形成する第2工程と、前記第2工程の後、前記第1のダミーゲートと前記柱状半導体層の側壁に第2のダミーゲートを形成する第3工程と、前記第3工程の後、前記第2のダミーゲートの周囲に、サイドウォール状に残存させ、第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォールを形成し、前記フィン状半導体層上部と前記柱状半導体層下部に第2の拡散層を形成し、前記第2の拡散層上に金属と半導体の化合物を形成する第4工程と、前記第4の工程の後、ゲート電極及びゲート配線を形成する第5工程と、前記第5の工程の後、第6の絶縁膜を堆積し、前記柱状半導体層上部に形成するコンタクト孔のための第3のレジストを形成し、前記第6の絶縁膜をエッチングすることにより前記柱状半導体層上部にコンタクト孔を形成し、前記第3のレジストを除去し、第2のゲート絶縁膜を堆積し、第2の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、前記柱状半導体層上の前記第2のゲート絶縁膜を除去することにより、前記柱状半導体層上部側壁に金属サイドウォールを形成し、第3の金属を堆積することにより、前記金属サイドウォール上部と前記柱状半導体層上部を接続するコンタクトを形成する第6工程と、を有することを特徴とする。
また、前記第2工程は、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第2の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第2の絶縁膜の上に前記第1のポリシリコンを堆積し平坦化し、前記ゲート配線と前記柱状半導体層を形成するための第2のレジストを、前記フィン状半導体層の方向に対して垂直の方向に形成し、前記第1のポリシリコンと前記第2の絶縁膜と前記フィン状半導体層をエッチングすることにより、前記柱状半導体層と前記第1のポリシリコンによる前記第1のダミーゲートを形成することを特徴とする。
また、前記第3工程は、前記柱状半導体層と前記第1のダミーゲートの周囲に第4の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第4の絶縁膜の周囲に第2のポリシリコンを堆積し、エッチングをすることにより、前記第1のダミーゲートと前記柱状半導体層の側壁に残存させ、前記第2のダミーゲートを形成することを特徴とする。
また、前記第4工程は、前記第2のダミーゲートの周囲に、前記第5の絶縁膜を形成し、エッチングをし、サイドウォール状に残存させ、前記第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォールを形成し、前記フィン状半導体層上部と前記柱状半導体層下部に前記第2の拡散層を形成し、前記第2の拡散層上に前記金属と半導体の化合物を形成することを特徴とする。
また、前記第5工程は、層間絶縁膜を堆積し化学機械研磨し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートの上部を露出し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートを除去し、前記第2の絶縁膜と前記第4の絶縁膜を除去し、第1のゲート絶縁膜を前記柱状半導体層の周囲と前記第5の絶縁膜の内側に形成し、第1の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、前記ゲート電極及び前記ゲート配線を形成することを特徴とする。
また、前記第2の絶縁膜の上に前記第1のポリシリコンを堆積し平坦化後、前記第1のポリシリコン上に第3の絶縁膜を形成することをさらに含むことを特徴とする。
また、前記第4の工程の後、コンタクトストッパ膜を堆積することをさらに有することを特徴とする。
また、前記第5工程の後、前記第1のゲート絶縁膜を除去する工程をさらに有することを特徴とする。
また、前記金属サイドウォールの金属の仕事関数は、4.0eVから4.2eVの間であることを特徴とする。
また、前記金属サイドウォールの金属の仕事関数は、5.0eVから5.2eVの間であることを特徴とする。
また、本発明の半導体装置は、半導体基板上に形成されたフィン状半導体層と、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に形成された第1の絶縁膜と、前記フィン状半導体層上に形成された柱状半導体層と、ここで、前記柱状半導体層のフィン状半導体層に直交する方向の幅は前記フィン状半導体層自身に直交する方向の幅と同じであり、前記柱状半導体層の周囲に形成された第1のゲート絶縁膜と、前記第1のゲート絶縁膜の周囲に形成された金属からなるゲート電極と、前記ゲート電極に接続された前記フィン状半導体層に直交する方向に延在する金属からなるゲート配線と、ここで、前記ゲート電極と前記ゲート配線の周囲と底部に形成された前記第1のゲート絶縁膜と、前記ゲート電極の外側の幅と前記ゲート配線の幅は同じであり、前記フィン状半導体層の上部と前記柱状半導体層の下部に形成された第2の拡散層と、前記柱状半導体層の上部側壁の周囲に形成された第2のゲート絶縁膜と、前記第2のゲート絶縁膜の周囲に形成された金属サイドウォールと、前記金属サイドウォールの上部と前記柱状半導体層上部とを接続するコンタクトと、を有することを特徴とする。
また、前記金属サイドウォールの周囲と底部に形成された前記第2のゲート絶縁膜をさらに有することを特徴とする。
また、前記金属サイドウォールの金属の仕事関数は、4.0eVから4.2eVの間であることを特徴とする。
また、前記金属サイドウォールの金属の仕事関数は、5.0eVから5.2eVの間であることを特徴とする。
本発明によれば、2個のマスクで、フィン状半導体層、柱状半導体層、ゲート電極とゲート配線を形成し、ゲートラストプロセスであり、柱状半導体層上部を金属と半導体との仕事関数差によってn型半導体層もしくはp型半導体層として機能させる構造を持つSGTの製造方法と、その結果得られるSGTの構造を提供することができる。
半導体基板上にフィン状半導体層を形成し、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第1の絶縁膜を形成する第1工程と、前記第1工程の後、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第2の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第2の絶縁膜の上に第1のポリシリコンを堆積し平坦化し、ゲート配線と柱状半導体層を形成するための第2のレジストを、前記フィン状半導体層の方向に対して垂直の方向に形成し、前記第1のポリシリコンと前記第2の絶縁膜と前記フィン状半導体層をエッチングすることにより、柱状半導体層と前記第1のポリシリコンによる第1のダミーゲートを形成する第2工程と、前記第2工程の後、前記柱状半導体層と前記第1のダミーゲートの周囲に第4の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第4の絶縁膜の周囲に第2のポリシリコンを堆積し、エッチングをすることにより、前記第1のダミーゲートと前記柱状半導体層の側壁に残存させ、第2のダミーゲートを形成する第3工程と、前記第2のダミーゲートの周囲に、第5の絶縁膜を形成し、エッチングをし、サイドウォール状に残存させ、前記第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォールを形成し、前記フィン状半導体層上部と前記柱状半導体層下部に第2の拡散層を形成し、前記第2の拡散層上に金属と半導体の化合物を形成する第4工程と、前記第4の工程の後、層間絶縁膜を堆積し化学機械研磨し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートの上部を露出し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートを除去し、前記第2の絶縁膜と前記第4の絶縁膜を除去し、第1のゲート絶縁膜を前記柱状半導体層の周囲と前記第5の絶縁膜の内側に形成し、第1の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、ゲート電極及びゲート配線を形成する第5工程と、により、2個のマスクで、フィン状半導体層、柱状半導体層、後にゲート電極とゲート配線となる第1のダミーゲート及び第2のダミーゲートを形成することができ、工程数を削減することができる。
柱状半導体層と、ゲート配線との合わせずれをなくすことができる。
また、ポリシリコンで第1のダミーゲートと第2のダミーゲートを作成し、その後、層間絶縁膜を堆積後、化学機械研磨により第1のダミーゲートと第2のダミーゲートを露出し、ポリシリコンゲートをエッチング後、金属を堆積する従来のメタルゲートラストの製造方法を用いることができるため、メタルゲートSGTを容易に形成できる。
また、前記第5の工程の後、第6の絶縁膜を堆積し、前記柱状半導体層上部に形成するコンタクト孔のための第3のレジストを形成し、前記第6の絶縁膜をエッチングすることにより前記柱状半導体層上部にコンタクト孔を形成し、前記第3のレジストを除去し、第2のゲート絶縁膜を堆積し、第2の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、前記柱状半導体層上の前記第2のゲート絶縁膜を除去することにより、前記柱状半導体層上部側壁に金属サイドウォールを形成し、第3の金属を堆積することにより、前記金属サイドウォール上部と前記柱状半導体層上部を接続するコンタクトを形成する第6工程と、を有することにより、柱状半導体層上部に拡散層を形成することが不要となる。
メタルゲートラストプロセスをSGTに適用しようとすると、柱状半導体層上部がポリシリコンゲートに覆われるため、柱状半導体層上部に拡散層を形成することが難しい。従って、ポリシリコンゲート形成前に柱状半導体層上部に拡散層を形成することとなる。一方、本発明では、柱状半導体層上部に拡散層を形成せず、柱状半導体層上部を金属と半導体との仕事関数差によってn型半導体層もしくはp型半導体層として機能させることができる。従って、柱状半導体層上部に拡散層を形成する工程を削減することができる。
また、前記ゲート電極と前記ゲート配線の周囲と底部に形成された前記第1のゲート絶縁膜により、ゲート電極とゲート配線とは、柱状半導体層とフィン状半導体層とから絶縁をすることができる。
また、前記金属サイドウォールの周囲と底部に形成された前記第2のゲート絶縁膜をさらに有することにより、コンタクト孔エッチング後にゲート電極とゲート配線が露出していたとしても、その後に第2のゲート絶縁膜が形成されることから、金属サイドウォールは、ゲート電極とゲート配線と絶縁することができる。
以下に、本発明の実施形態に係るSGTの構造を形成するための製造工程を、図2~図42を参照して説明する。
まず、半導体基板上にフィン状半導体層を形成し、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第1の絶縁膜を形成する第1工程を示す。本実施例では、シリコン基板としたが、他の半導体からなる基板とすることもできる。
図2に示すように、シリコン基板101上にフィン状シリコン層を形成するための第1のレジスト102を形成する。
図3に示すように、シリコン基板101をエッチングし、フィン状シリコン層103を形成する。今回はレジストをマスクとしてフィン状シリコン層を形成したが、酸化膜や窒化膜といったハードマスクを用いてもよい。
図4に示すように、第1のレジスト102を除去する。
図5に示すように、フィン状シリコン層103の周囲に第1の絶縁膜104を堆積する。第1の絶縁膜として高密度プラズマによる酸化膜や低圧CVD(Chemical Vapor Deposition)による酸化膜を用いてもよい。
図6に示すように、第1の絶縁膜104をエッチバックし、フィン状シリコン層103の上部を露出する。ここまでは、非特許文献2のフィン状シリコン層の製法と同じである。
以上によりシリコン基板101上にフィン状シリコン層103を形成し、前記フィン状シリコン層103の周囲に第一の絶縁膜104を形成する第1工程が示された。
次に、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第2の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第2の絶縁膜の上に第1のポリシリコンを堆積し平坦化し、ゲート配線と柱状半導体層を形成するための第2のレジストを、前記フィン状半導体層の方向に対して垂直の方向に形成し、前記第1のポリシリコンと前記第2の絶縁膜と前記フィン状半導体層をエッチングすることにより、柱状半導体層と前記第1のポリシリコンによる第1のダミーゲートを形成する第2工程を示す。
図7に示すように、前記フィン状シリコン層103の周囲に第2の絶縁膜105を形成する。第2の絶縁膜105は、酸化膜が好ましい。
図8に示すように、前記第2の絶縁膜105の上に第1のポリシリコン106を堆積し平坦化する。
図9に示すように、前記第1のポリシリコン106上に第3の絶縁膜107を形成する。第3の絶縁膜107は、窒化膜が好ましい。
図10に示すように、ゲート配線と柱状シリコン層を形成するための第2のレジスト108を、前記フィン状シリコン層103の方向に対して垂直の方向に形成する。
図11に示すように、前記第3の絶縁膜107と前記第1のポリシリコン106と前記第2の絶縁膜105と前記フィン状シリコン層103をエッチングすることにより、柱状シリコン層109と前記第1のポリシリコンによる第1のダミーゲート106を形成する。このとき、第2のレジストがエッチング中に除去された場合、第3の絶縁膜107がハードマスクとして機能する。第2のレジストがエッチング中に除去されないとき、第3の絶縁膜を使用しなくてもよい。
図12に示すように、第2のレジスト108を除去する。
以上により、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第2の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第2の絶縁膜の上に第1のポリシリコンを堆積し平坦化し、ゲート配線と柱状半導体層を形成するための第2のレジストを、前記フィン状半導体層の方向に対して垂直の方向に形成し、前記第1のポリシリコンと前記第2の絶縁膜と前記フィン状半導体層をエッチングすることにより、柱状半導体層と前記第1のポリシリコンによる第1のダミーゲートを形成する第2工程が示された。
次に、前記第2工程の後、前記柱状半導体層と前記第1のダミーゲートの周囲に第4の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第4の絶縁膜の周囲に第2のポリシリコンを堆積し、エッチングをすることにより、前記第1のダミーゲートと前記柱状半導体層の側壁に残存させ、第2のダミーゲートを形成する第3工程を示す。
図13に示すように、前記柱状シリコン層109と前記第1のダミーゲート106の周囲に第4の絶縁膜110を形成する。第4の絶縁膜110は、酸化膜が好ましい。
図14に示すように、前記第4の絶縁膜110の周囲に第2のポリシリコン113を堆積する。
図15に示すように、第2のポリシリコン113をエッチングすることにより、前記第1のダミーゲート106と前記柱状シリコン層109の側壁に残存させ、第2のダミーゲート113を形成する
以上により、前記第2工程の後、前記柱状半導体層と前記第1のダミーゲートの周囲に第4の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第4の絶縁膜の周囲に第2のポリシリコンを堆積し、エッチングをすることにより、前記第1のダミーゲートと前記柱状半導体層の側壁に残存させ、第2のダミーゲートを形成する第3工程が示された。
次に、前記第2のダミーゲートの周囲に、第5の絶縁膜を形成し、エッチングをし、サイドウォール状に残存させ、前記第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォールを形成し、前記フィン状半導体層上部と前記柱状半導体層下部に第2の拡散層を形成し、前記第2の拡散層上に金属と半導体の化合物を形成する第4工程を示す。
図16に示すように、前記第2のダミーゲート113の周囲に、第5の絶縁膜114を形成する。第5の絶縁膜114は、窒化膜が好ましい。
図17に示すように、第5の絶縁膜114をエッチングし、サイドウォール状に残存させ、前記第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォール114を形成する。
図18に示すように、不純物を導入し、前記フィン状シリコン層103上部と前記柱状シリコン層109下部に第2の拡散層115を形成する。n型拡散層のときは、砒素やリンを導入することが好ましい。p型拡散層のときは、ボロンを導入することが好ましい。不純物導入は、第5の絶縁膜を形成する前に行ってもよい。
図19に示すように、前記第2の拡散層115上に金属と半導体の化合物116を形成する。このとき、第2のダミーゲート113上部にも金属と半導体の化合物117が形成される。
以上により、前記第2のダミーゲートの周囲に、第5の絶縁膜を形成し、エッチングをし、サイドウォール状に残存させ、前記第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォールを形成し、前記フィン状半導体層上部と前記柱状半導体層下部に第2の拡散層を形成し、前記第2の拡散層上に金属と半導体の化合物を形成する第4工程が示された。
次に、前記第4の工程の後、層間絶縁膜を堆積し化学機械研磨し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートの上部を露出し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートを除去し、前記第2の絶縁膜と前記第4の絶縁膜を除去し、第1のゲート絶縁膜を前記柱状半導体層の周囲と前記第5の絶縁膜の内側に形成し、第1の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、ゲート電極及びゲート配線を形成する第5工程を示す。
図20に示すように、コンタクトストッパ膜118を堆積し、層間絶縁膜119を堆積する。コンタクトストッパ膜118として、窒化膜が好ましい。なお、コンタクト孔エッチングの制御ができるときは、コンタクトストッパ膜を用いなくてもよい。
図21に示すように、化学機械研磨し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートの上部を露出する。このとき、第2のダミーゲート113上部に形成された金属と半導体の化合物117を除去する。
図22に示すように、前記第2のダミーゲート113と前記第1のダミーゲート106を除去する。
図23に示すように、前記第2の絶縁膜105と前記第4の絶縁膜110を除去する。
図24に示すように、第1のゲート絶縁膜120を前記柱状シリコン層109の周囲と前記第5の絶縁膜114の内側に形成し、第1の金属121を堆積する。柱状シリコン層109の周囲にゲート電極121aが形成される。また、ゲート配線121bが形成される。前記ゲート電極121aと前記ゲート配線121bの周囲と底部に形成された前記第1のゲート絶縁膜120により、ゲート電極121aとゲート配線121bとは、柱状シリコン層109とフィン状シリコン層103とから絶縁をすることができる。
図25に示すように、第1の金属121のエッチバックを行い、柱状シリコン層109上部を露出する。
以上により、前記第4の工程の後、層間絶縁膜を堆積し化学機械研磨し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートの上部を露出し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートを除去し、前記第2の絶縁膜と前記第4の絶縁膜を除去し、第1のゲート絶縁膜を前記柱状半導体層の周囲と前記第5の絶縁膜の内側に形成し、第1の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、ゲート電極及びゲート配線を形成する第5工程が示された。
次に、前記第5の工程の後、第6の絶縁膜を堆積し、前記柱状半導体層上部に形成するコンタクト孔のための第3のレジストを形成し、前記第6の絶縁膜をエッチングすることにより前記柱状半導体層上部にコンタクト孔を形成し、前記第3のレジストを除去し、第2のゲート絶縁膜を堆積し、第2の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、前記柱状半導体層上の前記第2のゲート絶縁膜を除去することにより、前記柱状半導体層上部側壁に金属サイドウォールを形成し、第3の金属を堆積することにより、前記金属サイドウォール上部と前記柱状半導体層上部を接続するコンタクトを形成する第6工程を示す。
図26に示すように、第6の絶縁膜122を堆積する。第6の絶縁膜122として酸化膜が好ましい。
図27に示すように、前記柱状シリコン層106上部に形成するコンタクト孔124のための第3のレジスト123を形成する。
図28に示すように、前記第6の絶縁膜122をエッチングすることにより前記柱状シリコン層109上部にコンタクト孔124を形成する。
図29に示すように、第3のレジスト123を除去する。
図30に示すように、露出した第1のゲート絶縁膜120を除去する。
図31に示すように、第2のゲート絶縁膜125を堆積する。
図32に示すように、第2の金属126を堆積する。コンタクト孔エッチング後にゲート電極とゲート配線が露出していたとしても、第2のゲート絶縁膜125により、第2の金属126はゲート電極121aとゲート配線121bと絶縁される。第2の金属126の金属の仕事関数は、トランジスタがn型のときは、4.0eVから4.2eVの間であることが好ましい。また、第2の金属126の仕事関数は、トランジスタがp型のときは、5.0eVから5.2eVの間であることが好ましい。
図33に示すように、第2の金属126のエッチバックを行い柱状シリコン層の上部を露出する。
図34に示すように、柱状シリコン層109上の第2のゲート絶縁膜125を除去することにより、柱状シリコン層109上部側壁に金属サイドウォール126を形成する。
図35に示すように、第3の金属127を堆積することにより、金属サイドウォール126上部と柱状シリコン層109上部を接続するコンタクト127を形成する。柱状シリコン層109上部に拡散層を形成せず、柱状シリコン層上部を第2の金属とシリコンとの仕事関数差によってn型シリコン層もしくはp型シリコン層として機能させることができる。従って、柱状シリコン層上部に拡散層を形成する工程を削減することができる。
以上により、前記第5の工程の後、第6の絶縁膜を堆積し、前記柱状半導体層上部に形成するコンタクト孔のための第3のレジストを形成し、前記第6の絶縁膜をエッチングすることにより前記柱状半導体層上部にコンタクト孔を形成し、前記第3のレジストを除去し、第2のゲート絶縁膜を堆積し、第2の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、前記柱状半導体層上の前記第2のゲート絶縁膜を除去することにより、前記柱状半導体層上部側壁に金属サイドウォールを形成し、第3の金属を堆積することにより、前記金属サイドウォール上部と前記柱状半導体層上部を接続するコンタクトを形成する第6工程が示された。
図36に示すように、コンタクト孔を形成するための第4のレジスト128を形成する。
図37に示すように、第6の絶縁膜122、第1のゲート絶縁膜120、層間絶縁膜119、コンタクトストッパ膜118をエッチングすることにより、コンタクト孔129、130を形成する。
図38に示すように、第4のレジスト128を除去する。
図39に示すように、金属131を堆積し、コンタクト132、133を形成する。
図40に示すように、金属配線を形成するため第5のレジスト134、135、136を形成する。
図41に示すように、金属131をエッチングし、金属配線137、138、139を形成する。
図42に示すように、第5のレジスト134、135、136を除去する。
以上により、2個のマスクで、フィン状半導体層、柱状半導体層、ゲート電極とゲート配線を形成し、ゲートラストプロセスであり、柱状半導体層上部を金属と半導体との仕事関数差によってn型半導体層もしくはp型半導体層として機能させる構造を持つSGTの製造方法が示された。
上記製造方法によって得られる半導体装置の構造を図1に示す。
この半導体装置は、シリコン基板101上に形成されたフィン状シリコン層103と、前記フィン状シリコン層103の周囲に形成された第1の絶縁膜104と、前記フィン状シリコン層103上に形成された柱状シリコン層109と、ここで、前記柱状シリコン層109のフィン状シリコン層と直交する方向の幅は前記フィン状シリコン層103自身に直交する方向の幅と同じであり、前記柱状シリコン層109の周囲に形成された第1のゲート絶縁膜120と、前記第1のゲート絶縁膜120の周囲に形成された金属からなるゲート電極121aと、前記ゲート電極121aに接続された前記フィン状シリコン層103に直交する方向に延在する金属からなるゲート配線121bと、前記ゲート電極121aと前記ゲート配線121bの周囲と底部に形成された前記第1のゲート絶縁膜120と、ここで、前記ゲート電極121aの外側の幅と前記ゲート配線121bの幅は同じであり、前記フィン状シリコン層103の上部と前記柱状シリコン層109の下部に形成された第2の拡散層115と、前記柱状シリコン層109の上部側壁の周囲に形成された第2のゲート絶縁膜125と、前記第2のゲート絶縁膜125の周囲に形成された金属サイドウォール126と、前記金属サイドウォール126の上部と前記柱状シリコン層109上部とを接続するコンタクト127と、を有する。
この半導体装置は、シリコン基板101上に形成されたフィン状シリコン層103と、前記フィン状シリコン層103の周囲に形成された第1の絶縁膜104と、前記フィン状シリコン層103上に形成された柱状シリコン層109と、ここで、前記柱状シリコン層109のフィン状シリコン層と直交する方向の幅は前記フィン状シリコン層103自身に直交する方向の幅と同じであり、前記柱状シリコン層109の周囲に形成された第1のゲート絶縁膜120と、前記第1のゲート絶縁膜120の周囲に形成された金属からなるゲート電極121aと、前記ゲート電極121aに接続された前記フィン状シリコン層103に直交する方向に延在する金属からなるゲート配線121bと、前記ゲート電極121aと前記ゲート配線121bの周囲と底部に形成された前記第1のゲート絶縁膜120と、ここで、前記ゲート電極121aの外側の幅と前記ゲート配線121bの幅は同じであり、前記フィン状シリコン層103の上部と前記柱状シリコン層109の下部に形成された第2の拡散層115と、前記柱状シリコン層109の上部側壁の周囲に形成された第2のゲート絶縁膜125と、前記第2のゲート絶縁膜125の周囲に形成された金属サイドウォール126と、前記金属サイドウォール126の上部と前記柱状シリコン層109上部とを接続するコンタクト127と、を有する。
本発明では、柱状シリコン層109上部に拡散層を形成せず、柱状シリコン層109上部を第2の金属126とシリコンとの仕事関数差によってn型シリコン層もしくはp型シリコン層として機能させることができる。従って、柱状シリコン層上部に拡散層を形成する工程を削減することができる。
前記第2の金属126の仕事関数が4.0eVから4.2eVの間であるとき、n型シリコンの仕事関数4.05eVの近傍であるため、柱状シリコン層109上部は、n型シリコンとして機能する。金属126としては、例えば、タンタルとチタンの化合物(TaTi)や窒化タンタル(TaN)が好ましい。
前記第2の金属126の仕事関数が5.0eVから5.2eVの間であるとき、p型シリコンの仕事関数5.15eVの近傍であるため、柱状シリコン層106上部は、p型シリコンとして機能する。金属126としては、例えば、ルテニウム(Ru)や窒化チタン(TiN)が好ましい。
また、前記ゲート電極121aと前記ゲート配線121bの周囲と底部に形成された前記第1のゲート絶縁膜120により、ゲート電極121aとゲート配線121bとは、柱状シリコン層109とフィン状シリコン層103とから絶縁をすることができる。
また、前記金属サイドウォール126の周囲と底部に形成された前記第2のゲート絶縁膜125をさらに有することにより、コンタクト孔エッチング後にゲート電極121aとゲート配線121bが露出していたとしても、その後に第2のゲート絶縁膜125が形成されることから、金属サイドウォール126は、ゲート電極121aとゲート配線121bと絶縁することができる。
さらに、セルフアラインで形成されるので、柱状シリコン層109と、ゲート配線121bとの合わせずれをなくすことができる。
なお、本発明は、本発明の広義の精神と範囲を逸脱することなく、様々な実施形態及び変形が可能とされるものである。また、上述した実施形態は、本発明の一実施例を説明するためのものであり、本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
例えば、上記実施例において、p型(p+型を含む。)とn型(n+型を含む。)とをそれぞれ反対の導電型とした半導体装置の製造方法、及び、それにより得られる半導体装置も当然に本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
101.シリコン基板
102.第1のレジスト
103.フィン状シリコン層
104.第1の絶縁膜
105.第2の絶縁膜
106.第1のポリシリコン、第1のダミーゲート
107.第3の絶縁膜
108.第2のレジスト
109.柱状シリコン層
110.第4の絶縁膜
113.第2のポリシリコン、第2のダミーゲート
114.第5の絶縁膜、第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォール
115.第2の拡散層
116.金属と半導体の化合物
117.金属と半導体の化合物
118.コンタクトストッパ膜
119.層間絶縁膜
120.第1のゲート絶縁膜
121.第1の金属
121a.ゲート電極
121b.ゲート配線
122.第6の絶縁膜
123.第3のレジスト
124.コンタクト孔
125.第2のゲート絶縁膜
126.第2の金属、金属サイドウォール
127.第3の金属、コンタクト
128.第4のレジスト
129.コンタクト孔
130.コンタクト孔
131.金属
132.コンタクト
133.コンタクト
134.第5のレジスト
135.第5のレジスト
136.第5のレジスト
137.金属配線
138.金属配線
139.金属配線
102.第1のレジスト
103.フィン状シリコン層
104.第1の絶縁膜
105.第2の絶縁膜
106.第1のポリシリコン、第1のダミーゲート
107.第3の絶縁膜
108.第2のレジスト
109.柱状シリコン層
110.第4の絶縁膜
113.第2のポリシリコン、第2のダミーゲート
114.第5の絶縁膜、第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォール
115.第2の拡散層
116.金属と半導体の化合物
117.金属と半導体の化合物
118.コンタクトストッパ膜
119.層間絶縁膜
120.第1のゲート絶縁膜
121.第1の金属
121a.ゲート電極
121b.ゲート配線
122.第6の絶縁膜
123.第3のレジスト
124.コンタクト孔
125.第2のゲート絶縁膜
126.第2の金属、金属サイドウォール
127.第3の金属、コンタクト
128.第4のレジスト
129.コンタクト孔
130.コンタクト孔
131.金属
132.コンタクト
133.コンタクト
134.第5のレジスト
135.第5のレジスト
136.第5のレジスト
137.金属配線
138.金属配線
139.金属配線
Claims (14)
- 半導体基板上にフィン状半導体層を形成し、前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第1の絶縁膜を形成する第1工程と、
前記第1工程の後、柱状半導体層と第1のポリシリコンによる第1のダミーゲートを形成する第2工程と、
前記第2工程の後、前記第1のダミーゲートと前記柱状半導体層の側壁に第2のダミーゲートを形成する第3工程と、
前記第3工程の後、前記第2のダミーゲートの周囲に、サイドウォール状に残存させ、第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォールを形成し、前記フィン状半導体層上部と前記柱状半導体層下部に第2の拡散層を形成し、前記第2の拡散層上に金属と半導体の化合物を形成する第4工程と、
前記第4の工程の後、ゲート電極及びゲート配線を形成する第5工程と、
前記第5の工程の後、第6の絶縁膜を堆積し、前記柱状半導体層上部に形成するコンタクト孔のための第3のレジストを形成し、前記第6の絶縁膜をエッチングすることにより前記柱状半導体層上部にコンタクト孔を形成し、前記第3のレジストを除去し、第2のゲート絶縁膜を堆積し、第2の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、前記柱状半導体層上の前記第2のゲート絶縁膜を除去することにより、前記柱状半導体層上部側壁に金属サイドウォールを形成し、第3の金属を堆積することにより、前記金属サイドウォール上部と前記柱状半導体層上部を接続するコンタクトを形成する第6工程と、を有することを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第2工程は、
前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に第2の絶縁膜を形成し、
前記第2の絶縁膜の上に前記第1のポリシリコンを堆積し平坦化し、
前記ゲート配線と前記柱状半導体層を形成するための第2のレジストを、前記フィン状半導体層の方向に対して垂直の方向に形成し、
前記第1のポリシリコンと前記第2の絶縁膜と前記フィン状半導体層をエッチングすることにより、前記柱状半導体層と前記第1のポリシリコンによる前記第1のダミーゲートを形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第3工程は、前記柱状半導体層と前記第1のダミーゲートの周囲に第4の絶縁膜を形成し、前記第4の絶縁膜の周囲に第2のポリシリコンを堆積し、エッチングをすることにより、前記第1のダミーゲートと前記柱状半導体層の側壁に残存させ、前記第2のダミーゲートを形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第4工程は、前記第2のダミーゲートの周囲に、前記第5の絶縁膜を形成し、エッチングをし、サイドウォール状に残存させ、前記第5の絶縁膜からなるサイドウォールを形成し、前記フィン状半導体層上部と前記柱状半導体層下部に前記第2の拡散層を形成し、前記第2の拡散層上に前記金属と半導体の化合物を形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第5工程は、層間絶縁膜を堆積し化学機械研磨し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートの上部を露出し、前記第2のダミーゲートと前記第1のダミーゲートを除去し、前記第2の絶縁膜と前記第4の絶縁膜を除去し、第1のゲート絶縁膜を前記柱状半導体層の周囲と前記第5の絶縁膜の内側に形成し、第1の金属を堆積し、エッチバックを行い、前記ゲート電極及び前記ゲート配線を形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第2の絶縁膜の上に前記第1のポリシリコンを堆積し平坦化後、前記第1のポリシリコン上に第3の絶縁膜を形成することをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第4の工程の後、コンタクトストッパ膜を堆積することをさらに有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第5工程の後、前記第1のゲート絶縁膜を除去する工程をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記金属サイドウォールの金属の仕事関数は、4.0eVから4.2eVの間であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記金属サイドウォールの金属の仕事関数は、5.0eVから5.2eVの間であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 半導体基板上に形成されたフィン状半導体層と、
前記フィン状半導体層の周囲に形成された第1の絶縁膜と、
前記フィン状半導体層上に形成された柱状半導体層と、ここで、前記柱状半導体層の前記フィン状半導体層に直交する方向の幅は前記フィン状半導体層自身に直交する方向の幅と同じであり、
前記柱状半導体層の周囲に形成された第1のゲート絶縁膜と、
前記第1のゲート絶縁膜の周囲に形成された金属からなるゲート電極と、
前記ゲート電極に接続された前記フィン状半導体層に直交する方向に延在する金属からなるゲート配線と、
前記ゲート電極と前記ゲート配線の周囲と底部に形成された前記第1のゲート絶縁膜と、ここで、前記ゲート電極の外側の幅と前記ゲート配線の幅は同じであり、
前記フィン状半導体層の上部と前記柱状半導体層の下部に形成された第2の拡散層と、
前記柱状半導体層の上部側壁の周囲に形成された第2のゲート絶縁膜と、
前記第2のゲート絶縁膜の周囲に形成された金属サイドウォールと、
前記金属サイドウォールの上部と前記柱状半導体層上部とを接続するコンタクトと、
を有することを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記金属サイドウォールの周囲と底部に形成された前記第2のゲート絶縁膜をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記金属サイドウォールの金属の仕事関数は、4.0eVから4.2eVの間であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記金属サイドウォールの金属の仕事関数は、5.0eVから5.2eVの間であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
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US20150325665A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
US10008595B2 (en) | 2018-06-26 |
US20160380099A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
JPWO2014203304A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
US9502520B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 |
US9972722B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
JP5731073B1 (ja) | 2015-06-10 |
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