WO2014188803A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014188803A1 WO2014188803A1 PCT/JP2014/060056 JP2014060056W WO2014188803A1 WO 2014188803 A1 WO2014188803 A1 WO 2014188803A1 JP 2014060056 W JP2014060056 W JP 2014060056W WO 2014188803 A1 WO2014188803 A1 WO 2014188803A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- power module
- power
- motor
- semiconductor element
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
- H05K7/20409—Outer radiating structures on heat dissipating housings, e.g. fins integrated with the housing
- H05K7/20418—Outer radiating structures on heat dissipating housings, e.g. fins integrated with the housing the radiating structures being additional and fastened onto the housing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0403—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by constructional features, e.g. common housing for motor and gear box
- B62D5/0406—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by constructional features, e.g. common housing for motor and gear box including housing for electronic control unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
- H02K7/1163—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion
- H02K7/1166—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion comprising worm and worm-wheel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
- H05K7/20509—Multiple-component heat spreaders; Multi-component heat-conducting support plates; Multi-component non-closed heat-conducting structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
- H05K7/209—Heat transfer by conduction from internal heat source to heat radiating structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device that converts electric power from direct current to alternating current or from alternating current to direct current, and in particular, a power module in an electromechanical integrated system in which a housing of a motor and an inverter is directly connected or both are arranged in the same housing.
- a power conversion device that converts electric power from direct current to alternating current or from alternating current to direct current
- a power module in an electromechanical integrated system in which a housing of a motor and an inverter is directly connected or both are arranged in the same housing.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 exist as background technologies in this technical field.
- Patent Document 1 describes a mold module formed by molding a plurality of terminals forming wiring and a plurality of electronic components mounted on each of the terminals with a mold resin, and the plurality of terminals include at least the terminals.
- the motor case in which a part is exposed on the back surface of the mold resin and the mold module is fixed is a case on the speed reduction mechanism side that is fixed to the speed reduction mechanism.
- Patent Document 2 states that “a heat dissipation layer having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and an insulation disposed on the first main surface of the heat dissipation layer.
- a current circuit wiring portion provided in the insulating layer, a plurality of switching elements disposed on the insulating layer and electrically connected to the current circuit wiring portion, and the current circuit wiring
- a plurality of external terminals electrically connected to a part, the insulating layer, the current circuit wiring part, the switching element, all of the first main surface of the heat dissipation layer, and the second of the heat dissipation layer.
- a resin having a part of the main surface sealed, wherein the power module is connected to the power module mounting portion of the motor. '' Has been.
- the metal wiring of the power module is exposed for heat dissipation, and an insulating member is required on the surface. Furthermore, since there is only one cooling surface, reducing the heat dissipation area of the module increases the thermal resistance, and the temperature rise of the semiconductor element becomes unacceptable, making it difficult to reduce the size of the module. It was.
- the present application includes a plurality of means for solving the above-described problems.
- a power conversion device including a motor and an inverter
- at least one or more power modules of the inverter are mounted on the metal housing of the motor.
- the metal plate for heat dissipation is provided on the surface opposite to the contact surface with the metal casing of the power module.
- one surface of the power module provided in the inverter is in contact with the metal housing of the motor, and the other surface is in contact with the metal plate for heat dissipation, so that the heat generated in the power module can be released from both surfaces. Therefore, a power converter with high heat dissipation can be realized. As a result, the power module can be significantly reduced in size.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of the power conversion apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, and shows an axial cross section of the motor 200.
- the power conversion apparatus 100 includes a motor 200 having a stator 202 and a rotor 204, and an inverter 300 including a motor drive circuit.
- the stator 202 of the motor 200 has a structure in which a stator winding is attached to an electromagnetic steel plate, and is arranged in a circular shape on the inner surface side of the cylindrical motor-side metal casing 201, and is fixed by press-fitting or shrinking. ing.
- a space for fixing the bearing 203 is provided at the center of the closing portion 201s that closes the opening on the one end side in the axial direction of the motor-side metal housing 201, and the bearing 203 is fixed by press-fitting.
- a metal cover 207 for fixing the other bearing 208 and an inlay structure 209 for connecting the metal cover 207 are provided.
- the bearing 208 is fixed to the metal cover 207 by press fitting, and the metal cover 207 is fixed to the motor side metal casing 201 by screwing or press fitting.
- the other end in the axial direction of the metal housing 201 on the motor 200 side is provided with a screwing portion for connecting the lid 312 on the inverter 300 side, for example, a metal cover 207 is disposed. It is provided on the outside (outer periphery) of the inlay structure 209. Further, the metal casing 201 on the inverter 300 side (250) may be a member separate from the metal casing 201.
- An inverter 300 is disposed on the other end side in the axial direction of the motor side metal casing 201 from the metal cover 207.
- a printed circuit board 308 is disposed at a portion separated from the metal cover 207 by a predetermined distance on the other end side in the axial direction of the motor-side metal housing 201. Is provided with a printed circuit board 311.
- the stator winding of the stator 202 is composed of three-phase windings of U, V, and W phases, and the wiring of each stator winding is electrically connected by a terminal bus bar 210 molded with an insulating resin. Connected. Further, as a method for connecting the stator windings, Y connection or ⁇ connection may be mentioned. Further, from the terminal bus bar 210, metal wirings 213 for U, V, and W phases respectively extend in the axial direction and pass through holes 211 provided in the metal cover 207.
- the rotor 204 is composed of a shaft 205 and a permanent magnet fixed to the outer periphery thereof, and can be rotated by a rotating magnetic field generated by passing a current through the stator windings and bearings 203 and 208.
- Examples of the material for the permanent magnet include neodymium and ferrite.
- the power module 301 of the inverter 300 is disposed on the metal cover 207.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of the power module 301.
- the power module incorporates semiconductor elements 302a and 302b (FIG. 2A) or 302a to 302c (FIG. 2B) for converting electric power. Examples of the semiconductor elements 302a to 302c include IGBTs and MOSFETs.
- the semiconductor elements 302a and 302b in FIG. 2A and the metal wiring 303 (not shown) electrically connected to them are covered with an insulating resin 304 as shown in FIG. 3 and connected to the metal wiring. Each terminal is exposed to the outside of the resin 304.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the power module 301, which is connected to a positive electrode wiring terminal 331 having the same potential as the drain electrode of the semiconductor element 302a, a negative electrode wiring terminal 332 having the same potential as the source electrode of the semiconductor element 302b, and a motor winding.
- a phase output terminal 333, a gate terminal 334 electrically connected to the gate electrode of the upper arm semiconductor element 302a, and a gate terminal 335 electrically connected to the gate electrode of the lower arm semiconductor element 302b are external to the resin 304. I'm out.
- the gate terminals 334 and 335 protrude from the same side as the phase output terminal 333.
- the gate terminals 334 and 335 may protrude from the same side as the positive and negative terminals 331 and 332. You may be out of.
- the position and length for bending each output terminal do not need to be the same, and may be arbitrarily set so as to be easily connected to the terminal bus bar 210 and the printed circuit boards 308 and 311.
- FIG. 2B shows an example of a power module provided with the semiconductor elements 302a and 302b of the upper arm and the lower arm, and the motor output side semiconductor element 302c connected between the common connection point and the phase output terminal 333. Is shown.
- the three semiconductor elements 302 a to 302 c and the metal wiring are sealed with an insulating resin 304, and the terminals 331 to 335 are external to the resin 304. Configured to be exposed.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a power module in which the two semiconductor elements 302a and 302b in FIG.
- a metal positive electrode wiring terminal 331 is connected to the drain electrode of the semiconductor element 302a of the upper arm, and a phase output terminal 333 is connected to the source electrode by soldering or the like.
- a phase output terminal 333 is connected to the drain electrode of the semiconductor element 302b, and a metal negative electrode wiring terminal 332 is connected to the source electrode by soldering or the like.
- phase output terminal connected to the semiconductor element 302a and the phase output terminal connected to the semiconductor element 302b do not need to be a single metal plate, and may be configured by two or more metal plates.
- the material of the metal terminal includes copper having a small electrical resistance and aluminum having a small specific gravity.
- metal wiring is also electrically connected to the gate electrodes of the semiconductor elements 302a and 302b.
- a connection method a direct soldering method or wire bonding using aluminum or the like is used. There is a method of electrically connecting the electrode of the semiconductor element and the metal terminal.
- the material of the resin 304 include an epoxy resin, and the thermal conductivity is desirably 3 (W / (m ⁇ K)) or more.
- the thickness 305 of the resin covering the metal terminals 331 to 335 is preferably 300 (um) or less. Note that by covering the semiconductor elements 302 a and 302 b with the resin 304, it is possible to reduce stress on the joining member such as solder generated due to the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the semiconductor element and the metal terminal.
- FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the power module of FIG. 3 mounted on the metal cover 207.
- the power module is provided with a total of three power modules 301a, 301b, and 301c corresponding to the U, V, and W phases, respectively.
- Metal cover holes 211 are provided in the metal cover 207 at positions facing the phase output terminals 333 of the respective power modules, through which the motor wiring passes.
- the phase output terminal 333 and the output wiring 213 of the terminal bus bar 210 are electrically connected by welding or the like.
- a member that reduces contact thermal resistance such as grease may be interposed between the metal cover 207 and the power module 301.
- a hole 214 through which the motor shaft 205 passes is provided at the center of the metal cover 207. It is desirable to dispose the power modules 301a to 301c concentrically and symmetrically in consideration of eliminating heat interference generated inside the power module and connecting the output terminals.
- the metal cover 207 may be provided with a groove for positioning the power module. Further, the metal cover 207 may be provided with grooves for ensuring a sufficient insulation distance from the metal wiring (the metal terminals 331 to 335) of the power module.
- a rectangular metal plate 306 for heat dissipation is disposed on the opposite surface of the power module 301 that contacts the metal cover 207.
- the metal plate 306 is fixed to the metal cover 207 with screws or the like. Alternatively, it may be fixed to the power module 301 with an adhesive or the like.
- Examples of the material of the metal plate 306 include aluminum having a large specific heat.
- a member that reduces contact thermal resistance such as grease may be interposed between the metal plate 306 and the power module 301.
- a heat radiating fin may be provided on the surface of the metal plate 306 opposite to the surface in contact with the power module 301.
- the metal plates 306 provided in the power modules 301a to 301c may be provided individually for each power module or may be one metal plate for three power modules.
- the shape of the metal plate 306 is not limited to a rectangular shape.
- a printed circuit board 308 for supplying power to the positive and negative wiring terminals 331 and 332 of the power modules 301a to 301c is disposed.
- the wiring terminals 331 and 332 and the printed circuit board 308 are electrically connected by soldering, press fitting, or the like.
- a capacitor 309 for smoothing the voltage between the positive and negative terminals of the power module, an inductor 310 for suppressing noise, and the like are soldered to the surface of the printed board 308 on the metal cover 207 side.
- Examples of the capacitor 309 include an electrolytic capacitor and a conductive polymer capacitor.
- a portion of the metal cover 207 facing the capacitor 309 may be provided with a groove for securing a distance from the explosion-proof valve of the capacitor 309 and a hole for inserting the housing of the capacitor 309.
- the wiring layer of the printed circuit board 308 includes a plurality of layers (mainly even numbers), the positive potential wiring extending to the power module 301 of the printed circuit board 308 is the nth layer, and the negative potential wiring is the (n + 1) th layer.
- the wiring inductance between the capacitor 309 and the power module 301 is reduced by arranging them alternately so that the positive potential wiring and the negative potential wiring face each other.
- the balance of the wiring inductance between the power modules 301a, 301b, and 301c and the capacitor is made uniform, so that the heat generated in each power module is made uniform.
- the printed circuit board 308 may be mounted with a shunt resistor for current detection, a chip capacitor for noise suppression, or the like.
- the printed circuit board 308 is shown as an electrical wiring for supplying electric power, but a bus bar covered with a mold resin, a metal wiring board, or a ceramic substrate may be used.
- a driver IC and a microcomputer for controlling the semiconductor elements 302a and 302b in the power module 301, an operational amplifier for amplifying the current value detected by the shunt resistor, and the like are soldered.
- An attached printed circuit board 311 is arranged.
- the gate wirings 334 and 335 of the power module 301 and the printed board 311 are electrically connected by soldering, press fitting, or the like.
- a position detection magnet 212 is press-fitted into the shaft 205 via a resin at the tip of the shaft 205 of the motor 200, and the motor rotating shaft is disposed on the surface of the printed circuit board 311 facing the position detection magnet 212.
- One or more ICs are provided for detecting the position.
- Each of the printed circuit boards 308 and 311 is provided with a connector 307, and signals can be exchanged between the printed circuit boards.
- the power conversion device 100 can be electrically connected to external components such as a battery and a torque sensor.
- the heat generated in the power module 301 (301a to 301c) of the inverter 300 is radiated from both the heat radiation path from the motor side metal cover 207 to the motor side metal casing 201 and the heat radiation path from the metal plate 306. Is done.
- the heat radiation area and heat capacity can be increased, and the heat generated in the power module can be effectively released.
- the power module can be downsized.
- the thermal resistance of the resin can be reduced by setting the thermal conductivity of the resin to 3 (W / (m ⁇ K)) and the resin thickness to 300 (um), further improving the heat dissipation of the power module. Is done.
- the metal plate 306 is in contact only with the power module 301
- the metal plate 306 ′ Is in surface contact with the metal cover 207.
- the heat conducted to the metal plate 306 out of the heat generated in the power module 301 is dissipated only by heat transfer into the air inside the inverter 300.
- the heat conducted to the metal plate 306 ′ is transmitted to the motor side metal housing 201 via the metal cover 207, a larger heat radiation area can be utilized.
- produced in the power module 301 can be escaped more effectively, and the further size reduction of a power module is realizable.
- the metal plate 306 ′ can position the power module 301.
- grease or the like may be interposed as a member for reducing contact thermal resistance on the surface where the metal plate 306 ′ and the metal cover 207 are in contact.
- a heat radiating fin may be provided on the printed board 308 side of the metal plate 306 ′.
- FIG. 7 is an example of a configuration diagram of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment, and shows a cross section in the axial direction of the motor 200.
- the configuration of the motor 200 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the opening on the other end side in the axial direction of the motor-side metal casing 201 is configured to have a larger diameter than that in the case of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), and the opening has a metal casing instead of the lid 312 in FIG. 313 is arranged.
- a metal pedestal 314 is provided in place of the metal housing 313 facing the power module 301 in place of the metal plate 306 in FIG. Accordingly, one surface of the power module 301 is in contact with the metal cover 207, and the other surface is in contact with the pedestal 314 described above.
- the pedestal 314 may be provided with a groove for positioning the power module 301, and a member such as grease is interposed between the power module 301, the metal cover 207, and the pedestal 314. Also good. Further, the pedestal 314 may be provided on the metal cover 207 side.
- the positions of the gate terminals 334 and 335 are different from those in the first embodiment, and the gate terminals 334 and 335 are on the positive and negative wiring terminals 331 and 332 side.
- a printed circuit board 308 is provided at a position facing the positive / negative wiring terminals 331 and 332 and the gate terminals 334 and 335 of the power module 301, and is fixed to the metal casing 313 or the metal casing 201 and the metal cover 207 with screws or the like. Has been. On the printed board 308, wiring for electrically connecting the external power supply to the power module 301, a capacitor 309 for smoothing voltage, an inductor, and the like are mounted.
- an IC for controlling the semiconductor elements 302a and 302b of the power module 301 and a position detection IC arranged at a position facing the position detection magnet 212 are mounted on the printed circuit board 308 by soldering or the like.
- the mounting surface of the IC for controlling the semiconductor elements 302a and 302b and the mounting surface of the capacitor 309 are provided with thermal vias, and are provided in the metal casing 313 via an insulating heat dissipation sheet or the like.
- a mounting structure for radiating heat to the pedestal 314 may be employed.
- the metal housing 313 also serves as a lid, and is fixed to the metal housing 201 of the motor 200 by screws or the like.
- the heat generated in the power module 301 of the inverter 300 is radiated from the motor-side metal cover 207 to the motor-side metal housing 201 and from the inverter-side base 314 to the inverter-side metal housing 313 and the motor-side metal. Heat is radiated from both of the heat radiation paths to the housing 201.
- the heat generated in the printed circuit board (308) on which a capacitor or the like is mounted can be transferred to the outside by being conducted to the metal casing (313) of the inverter, and the printed circuit board and the capacitor can be downsized. .
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the power conversion device of Example 3
- FIG. 9 is a top view of the power module
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the terminal bus bar tip.
- the terminals 331 to 335 of the power module 301 are connected to the stator winding of the motor 200 and the electric wiring of the printed circuit board through the side of the power module.
- Example 3 as shown in FIG. 9, one or more windows 350 are formed through the resin 304 on the phase output terminal 333 of the power module 301. Further, the tip of the output wiring 353 of the terminal bus bar 210 has a bifurcated structure as shown in FIG. 10 and a structure that coincides with the window 350 of the power module 301.
- the window 350 is provided only for the phase output terminal 333 of the power module 301.
- similar windows are provided for the positive / negative wiring terminals 331, 332 and the gate terminals 334, 335.
- the wiring that is electrically connected to each terminal may have a shape that can be press-welded.
- the wiring of the inverter 300 that is electrically connected to the positive / negative wiring terminals 331 and 332 may be formed by a molded bus bar.
- the motor side wiring and the inverter side wiring can be electrically connected to each terminal of the power module at the same time when assembling each part, and the steps such as welding can be reduced.
- the metal wiring length of the power module can be shortened, and both reduction in electrical resistance and cost reduction of the metal wiring can be realized.
- Each terminal of the power module can be structured so as not to be exposed from the side surface, thereby further reducing the power module mounting area.
- FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional structure of the power conversion device according to the fourth embodiment.
- the inverter 300 is arranged in the axial direction of the motor 200, whereas in the present embodiment 4, the inverter 300 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the motor 200.
- the configuration of the motor 200 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the opening on the other end side in the axial direction of the motor side metal casing 201 with the metal cover 207 as a boundary is removed.
- the power module 301 is provided in the inverter side metal casing 313 of the inverter 300. That is, the power module 301 is disposed on the inner surface of the thick portion 313aa of the one plate 313a constituting the inverter side metal case, and the surface of the power module 301 opposite to the thick portion 313aa is the one plate. It is in contact with a pedestal 314 provided on the lid 312 (the other plate) facing 313a. One plate 313 a of the inverter side metal casing 313 is fixed in contact with the outer peripheral plate 201 a of the motor side metal casing 201.
- the metal wiring 213 from the terminal bus bar 210 on the motor 200 side is led out to the inverter 300 side through a hole (not shown) provided in the metal cover 207 and the outer peripheral plate 201a of the motor side metal casing 201, and the end thereof Is electrically connected to a terminal part 390 provided on the outer surface of the thick part 313aa of one plate 313a of the inverter side metal casing 313a.
- the tip of the phase output terminal 333 exposed from the power module 301 to the outside of the metal housing 313 is also connected to the terminal part 390 and fastened together with the metal wiring 213 by, for example, metal screws constituting the terminal part 390.
- the other terminals 331, 332, 334, and 335 of the power module 301 are connected to a printed circuit board 308 disposed in the metal housing 313.
- the heat generated in the power module 301 is generated in the heat dissipation path that passes through the base 314 and the lid 312 of the inverter side metal casing 313 and the heat dissipation path that passes through the thick portion 313aa and the outer peripheral plate 201a of the motor side metal casing 201. Heat is dissipated from both.
- Both the metal housing of the motor and the metal housing of the inverter can be used for heat dissipation, and the heat generated in the power module can be released to the outside, thereby reducing the size of the power module.
- FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional structure of Example 5 in which the present invention is applied to an electric power steering apparatus.
- FIG. 12 shows a part of the electric power steering apparatus.
- a speed reduction mechanism 400 is connected to the metal casing 201 of the power conversion device 100 shown in the first embodiment (FIG. 1) by screwing or the like.
- the speed reduction mechanism 400 includes a steering shaft 401, a worm wheel 402, a worm gear shaft 403, a worm gear 404, and a speed reduction mechanism metal housing 405.
- the reduction mechanism metal housing 405 is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the electric power steering device applies an assist torque to the steering shaft 401 via the speed reduction mechanism 400 when the driver operates the steering wheel to reduce the steering wheel operation force of the driver.
- the heat generated in the power module 301 can be conducted to the metal casing 405 of the speed reduction mechanism 400 through the metal cover 207 and the motor-side metal casing 201.
- the arrangement of the speed reduction mechanism 400, the motor 200, and the inverter 300 may be other than that shown in FIG. 12A.
- the inverter 300 is interposed between the speed reduction mechanism 400 and the motor 200. May be arranged.
- FIG. 12 (b) is different from FIG. 12 (a) in that the other end in the axial direction of the shaft 205 is sealed by a closing portion 201ss, and an opening of the motor side metal casing 201 is provided on one end in the axial direction.
- An inverter 300 similar to that shown in FIG. 12A is provided inside the connector, and the connector 307 is disposed on the outer periphery of the opening of the housing 201, and the connector 307 and the printed boards 308 and 311 are connected by wiring.
- Reference numeral 220 denotes a resolver.
- one surface of the power module 301 is in contact with the metal cover 207 of the motor, and the other surface is in contact with the metal plate 306, and the generated heat is radiated.
- the mounting position of the power module 301 may be the metal housing 405 of the speed reduction mechanism 400. In this case, the heat generated in the power module 301 is radiated to the metal housing 405 and the metal plate 306 of the speed reduction mechanism. It will be.
- the heat generated in the power module can be transferred from the metal housing 201 to the speed reducer 400, the heat dissipation area can be further expanded, and the power module can be downsized.
- the design freedom of motors, inverters, and speed reduction mechanisms can be greatly improved, enabling deployment to various products.
- FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional structure of Example 6.
- FIG. 13 shows a part of the inverter device (300).
- a spacer 503 having a thickness substantially equal to that of the power module 301 is disposed adjacent to the power module 301, and cooling fins 501 for heat radiation are provided on both surfaces of the spacer 503 and the power module 301. .
- the pressure applied to the power module 301 is suppressed from becoming a design value or more.
- a member that reduces contact thermal resistance such as grease may be interposed between the power module 301 and the cooling fin 501.
- a plurality of power modules 301 may be provided, and the cooling fins 501 may be provided individually for each power module 301.
- the cooling fins 501 are configured by two common to all power modules (two on both sides). May be.
- the power module 301 includes, for example, two semiconductor elements as shown in FIG. 2A, terminals connected to the semiconductor element, and a resin 304 that seals them. It is led out into a resin case 500 disposed adjacent to the cooling fin 501 on the side opposite to the spacer 503.
- the resin case 500 is provided with a film capacitor 504, a printed board 308 on which an IC for controlling a semiconductor element and the like are mounted, a terminal block 505, and the like. Further, the periphery of the film capacitor 504 is impregnated with a resin 506.
- the output terminals of the film capacitor 504 and the power module 301 are connected by welding or the like, and the printed circuit board 308 and the gate terminal of the power module 301 are connected by soldering or the like.
- the power module By releasing heat from both sides of the full mold power module (301), the power module can be downsized, that is, the inverter device can be downsized.
- the power module of the heat generating component and the electronic component can be separated, and the heat resistance of the electronic component is improved.
- FIG. 14 shows a cross-sectional structure of Example 7 in which the present invention is applied to an electromechanical integrated drive device in an oil pump system.
- the electromechanical integrated drive device 600 includes a motor 200 and an inverter 300. By driving the motor 200 using the inverter 300, the amount of oil flowing from the suction portion 604 to the discharge portion 605 is controlled.
- a metal housing is formed by a flat heat sink 601 and a case 602, and a printed circuit board 311 is disposed in parallel to the heat sink 601 in the metal housing.
- a hole 603 is provided in the approximate center of the printed circuit board 311, and one or more power modules 301 for power conversion are disposed through the hole 603.
- One surface of the power module 301 is in contact with the heat sink 601 and a metal plate 306 is disposed on the other surface.
- One surface of the metal plate 306 is in contact with the power module 301, and the other surface is in contact with the metal case 602.
- the case 602 is provided with the motor 200 and is in contact with the motor-side metal housing 201.
- the power module 301 includes, for example, the semiconductor element of FIG. 2A and each terminal and a resin that seals them, and each metal terminal is exposed to the outside in a straight line and connected to the printed circuit board 311.
- each terminal of the power module 301 and the electrical connection surface of the printed board 311 are the same surface, bending of each terminal is unnecessary.
- a capacitor 610, an inductor 611, a connector 612, a control IC, and the like are mounted on the printed circuit board 311, and the motor 200 can be finely controlled.
- the heat sink 601 is made of a metal such as aluminum having high heat conduction and heat capacity.
- the case 602 is made of a metal such as iron that has good workability and is inexpensive.
- the metal plate 306 may be a part of the case 602. Further, grease or the like may be provided between the power module 301 and the heat sink 601. Furthermore, the metal housing 201 of the motor 200 may play the role of the case 602.
- the power module By releasing heat from both sides of the full mold power module 301 without passing through the printed circuit board 311, the power module can be downsized, that is, the inverter device can be downsized.
- Metal housing of reduction mechanism 500 ... Resin case, 501 ... Cooling fin, 503 ... Spacer, 504 ... Film capacitor, 505 ... Terminal block, 506: Resin, 600 ... Mechanical and electrical integrated drive device, 601 ... Heat sink, 602 ... Case, 603 ... Hole, 604 ... Suction part, 605 ... Discharge part.
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Abstract
Description
前記金属板306はパワーモジュール301のみに接触していたのに対し、実施例1の別形態では、パワーモジュール301の周辺部を抜き出した断面構造を示す図6に示すように、金属板306’は金属カバー207とも面接触する構造となっている。実施例1では、パワーモジュール301で発生した熱のうち金属板306に伝導した熱は、インバータ300内部の空気中に熱伝達でのみ放熱していた。これに対し、本実施形態は金属板306’に伝導した熱を金属カバー207を経由させ、モータ側金属筺体201へ伝えるため、より大きな放熱面積を活用することが可能となる。
部品点数の増加が抑制される。
(1)パワーモジュールで発生した熱は、金属筺体201から減速機400へ伝熱することが可能となり、放熱面積をさらに拡大することができ、パワーモジュールの小型化を実現する。
(2)モータ・インバータ・減速機構の設計自由度を大幅に改善することができ、様々な製品への展開を可能とする。
Claims (13)
- モータとインバータを備える電力変換装置において、
前記モータの金属筺体上に前記インバータのパワーモジュールが少なくとも1つ以上配置され、前記パワーモジュールの前記金属筺体との接触面とは逆の面に、放熱用の金属板がそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記パワーモジュールは、半導体素子と、前記半導体素子の電極に接続される金属配線と、前記半導体素子および金属配線を封止する絶縁性の樹脂とを有し、
前記モータの金属筺体と接する面および前記金属板と接する面は、前記絶縁性の樹脂で覆われていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記金属板は、前記パワーモジュールの前記金属筺体との接触面と同一面に面接触していることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記放熱用の金属板は前記インバータの金属筺体であることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記電力変換装置は、減速機構と、前記減速機構に連結されたモータと、前記モータに電力を供給するインバータとを備えた電動パワーステアリング装置であることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - モータとインバータを備える電力変換装置において、
前記インバータの金属筺体上に前記インバータのパワーモジュールが少なくとも1つ以上配置され、前記パワーモジュールの前記金属筺体との接触面とは逆の面に、放熱用の金属板がそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項6に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記インバータは前記モータの軸と平行に配置され、
前記パワーモジュールは前記インバータの金属筺体を構成する一方の板の筺体内側の面に配設され、
前記放熱用の金属板は、前記インバータの金属筺体の一方の板に対向する他方の板で構成され、
前記インバータの金属筺体の一方の板は、前記モータの金属筺体の、モータ軸に平行する外周板に接していることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項6に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記放熱用の金属板は前記モータの金属筺体に接していることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項2ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記パワーモジュールの樹脂には、該樹脂で封止された金属配線を露出させる窓部が形成され、
前記モータの巻線に接続された配線は、前記窓部に挿入されて前記金属配線と接合されていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項2ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記パワーモジュールの半導体素子は、上アーム側半導体素子と、下アーム側半導体素子と、前記上アーム側半導体素子および下アーム側半導体素子の共通接続点と相出力端子との間に接続されたモータ出力側半導体素子とを備えていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 半導体素子と、一端が前記半導体素子の電極に接続される金属配線と、前記半導体素子および金属配線を封止する絶縁性の樹脂とを有したパワーモジュールと、前記パワーモジュールの両面に配設された放熱フィンとを備え、
前記パワーモジュールおよび放熱フィンは前記樹脂を介して接触していることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項11に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記パワーモジュールの両面に配設された放熱フィンの間にはスペーサーが介在されていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 請求項11又は12に記載の電力変換装置において、
前記金属配線の他端は前記パワーモジュールから外部へ導出されており
前記金属配線のうち、前記半導体素子のドレイン電極、ソース電極から導出された金属配線はキャパシタに接続され、前記半導体素子のゲート電極から導出された金属配線は前記半導体素子を制御するための部品が実装された基板に接続され、前記キャパシタおよび基板は樹脂製のケースに一体に収納されていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。
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Also Published As
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KR20150036582A (ko) | 2015-04-07 |
JP5946962B2 (ja) | 2016-07-06 |
US20150216083A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
DE112014000153T5 (de) | 2015-04-09 |
CN104604115A (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
CN104604115B (zh) | 2019-05-03 |
KR101748639B1 (ko) | 2017-06-19 |
JPWO2014188803A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
US10136555B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 |
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