WO2014148015A1 - ステンレス鋼板 - Google Patents
ステンレス鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014148015A1 WO2014148015A1 PCT/JP2014/001424 JP2014001424W WO2014148015A1 WO 2014148015 A1 WO2014148015 A1 WO 2014148015A1 JP 2014001424 W JP2014001424 W JP 2014001424W WO 2014148015 A1 WO2014148015 A1 WO 2014148015A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
- F16D65/125—Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by the material used for the disc body
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0008—Ferro
- F16D2200/0021—Steel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stainless steel sheet in which a martensite structure is formed by quenching.
- the stainless steel plate of the present invention can be preferably used for manufacturing brake discs.
- stainless steel plates (hereinafter referred to as “stainless steel plates”) in which a martensite structure is formed by quenching are used for brake disks of motorcycles and bicycles.
- stainless steel sheets that are excellent in temper softening resistance after quenching by optimizing the steel components as stainless steel sheets applicable to motorcycles and bicycle brake disks are disclosed. It is disclosed.
- the stainless steel plate is superior in heat resistance to cast iron, the use of the stainless steel plate can reduce the size of the brake disc material and reduce the weight of the automobile (weight saving).
- stainless steel sheets also have high corrosion resistance and are less susceptible to rust. For this reason, it is thought that the brake disc comprised from a stainless steel plate is excellent also in aesthetics.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a stainless steel plate that can be manufactured even by an automobile brake disk formed by severe processing by improving formability. It is in.
- the present inventors have made extensive studies focusing on the steel structure of the stainless steel plate being manufactured and the steel structure of the stainless steel plate after manufacture.
- the steel structure of the stainless steel sheet being manufactured is a dual-phase structure of a ferrite structure (ferrite structure) and an austenite structure (austenite structure) at the time of manufacturing at a high temperature such as casting and hot rolling. is there.
- the steel structure of the stainless steel plate after manufacture is a ferrite structure.
- the former cracks are likely to occur at the grain boundaries particularly during hot rolling due to the difference in high-temperature strength and deformability of each phase of the two-phase structure.
- the addition of B has a problem that the formability in the ferrite structure state is lowered.
- the inventors have added a specific amount of V to B, thereby maintaining the effect of preventing cracking in a two-phase structure state of a ferrite structure and an austenite structure by adding B, while in the ferrite structure state.
- the inventors have found that high moldability can be obtained by suppressing the decrease in moldability due to B, and have completed the present invention. More specifically, the present invention provides the following.
- the stainless steel plate of the present invention is excellent in formability. Therefore, if the stainless steel plate of the present invention is used, even an automobile brake disk formed by severe processing can be manufactured.
- the stainless steel plate of the present invention is, in mass%, C: 0.015% or more and less than 0.100%, Si: 0.01% or more and 1.00% or less, Mn: 0.01% or more and 2.00% or less, P: 0.040% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Cr: 10.0% or more and less than 14.0%, Ni: 0.01% or more and 0.70% or less, Al: 0.001% or more and 0 200% or less, N: 0.005% or more and 0.080% or less, O: 0.0060% or less, B: 0.0002% or more and 0.0030% or less, V: (10 ⁇ B content (% ))% Or more and 0.300% or less, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
- % which is a unit of content of components shown below, means “mass%”, respectively.
- C 0.015% or more and less than 0.100%
- the hardness required as a brake disk cannot be obtained after quenching, and the brake disk is likely to be worn or deformed during use.
- the C content is 0.100% or more, it becomes too hard after quenching, and a brake squeal occurs when the brake disc is used. Therefore, the C content is in the range of 0.015% or more and less than 0.100%. Preferably they are 0.020% or more and 0.083% or less.
- Si 0.01% or more and 1.00% or less Si is useful as a deoxidizing agent.
- the effect can be obtained by making the Si content 0.01% or more.
- the Si content is in the range of 0.01% to 1.00%. More preferably, it is 0.10% or more and 0.50% or less. More preferably, it is 0.10% or more and 0.43% or less. Most preferably, it is 0.25% or more and 0.30% or less.
- Mn 0.01% or more and 2.00% or less Mn is useful as a deoxidizing material. The effect is acquired by making Mn content 0.01% or more. Moreover, by containing Mn, the formation of an austenite structure at a high temperature is promoted, and the hardenability is improved. However, if the Mn content exceeds 2.00%, the corrosion resistance decreases. Therefore, the Mn content is in the range of 0.01% to 2.00%. More preferably, it is 0.20% or more and 1.80% or less.
- P 0.040% or less
- the P content is 0.040% or less.
- it is 0.030% or less.
- Corrosion resistance is reduced when S is contained in a certain amount or more. Preferably it is 0.010% or less.
- Cr 10.0% or more and less than 14.0% Cr is an element that contributes to the improvement of corrosion resistance. In order to obtain this effect, the Cr content needs to be 10.0% or more. However, if the Cr content is 14.0% or more, a sufficient amount of martensite structure cannot be obtained after quenching heat treatment. Therefore, the Cr content is in the range of 10.0% or more and less than 14.0%. More preferably, it is 10.5% or more and 13.0% or less.
- Ni 0.01% to 0.70% Ni improves corrosion resistance and improves toughness after quenching. The effect can be obtained by making the Ni content 0.01% or more. However, Ni is an expensive element, and if it exceeds 0.70%, these effects are saturated. Therefore, the Ni content is in the range of 0.01% to 0.70%. Preferably, the range is 0.01% or more and 0.40% or less. More preferably, the content is in the range of 0.01% to 0.20%.
- Al 0.001% or more and 0.200% or less
- Al is useful as a deoxidizing material. The effect is acquired by making Al content 0.001% or more. However, when the Al content exceeds 0.200%, the hardenability decreases. Therefore, the Al content is in the range of 0.001% to 0.200%. More preferably, it is 0.001% or more and 0.008% or less.
- N 0.005% or more and 0.080% or less N, like C, contributes to improvement in hardness after quenching. If the N content is less than 0.005%, the hardness required for a brake disk cannot be obtained after quenching. Brake discs with insufficient hardness are prone to deformation during use. On the other hand, if the N content exceeds 0.080%, blowholes are generated inside the steel during casting, and surface defects are generated. Therefore, the N content is in the range of 0.005% to 0.080%.
- O 0.0060% or less Inclusion is formed in the steel when O is contained. When inclusions are formed, the formability of the stainless steel sheet is lowered. Therefore, the O content is set to 0.0060% or less. Preferably it is 0.0045% or less.
- B 0.0002% to 0.0030%
- B is an element effective for improving hot workability during casting and hot rolling.
- B segregates at the grain boundary between the ferrite structure crystal grains and the austenite structure crystal grains. This segregation increases the grain boundary strength and prevents cracking during hot working.
- the B content is set to be 0.0002% or more and 0.0030% or less. More preferably, it is 0.0002% or more and 0.0020% or less.
- V (10 ⁇ B (B content (%)))% or more and 0.300% or less
- B improves the hot workability and increases the strength of the steel.
- B reduces the ductility.
- V is an important element that alleviates the adverse effect of B on the moldability.
- the content of V is more preferably (20 ⁇ B)% or more.
- VN is considered to improve the formability because BN that adversely affects the formability of the stainless steel sheet is reduced.
- V exceeds 0.300%, the steel is hardened and the formability is rather lowered. Therefore, the V amount is in the range of 10 ⁇ B to 0.300%. More preferably, it is 20 ⁇ B to 0.200%. More preferably, it is 20 ⁇ B to 0.050%.
- Nb 0.01% to 0.40%
- Nb is an element that improves the temper softening resistance after quenching of steel. The effect is acquired by making Nb content 0.01% or more. However, if the Nb content exceeds 0.40%, the hardness after quenching decreases. Therefore, when Nb is added, the Nb content is 0.01% or more and 0.40% or less. More preferably, it is 0.01% or more and 0.10% or less.
- Ti 0.01% or more and 0.40% or less Ti is an element that improves the corrosion resistance of steel after quenching. The effect is acquired by making content of Ti 0.01% or more. However, when the Ti content exceeds 0.40%, the hardness after quenching decreases. Therefore, when adding Ti, the content of Ti is set to 0.01% or more and 0.40% or less. More preferably, it is 0.01% or more and 0.10% or less.
- Mo 0.01% or more and 0.30% or less
- Mo is an element that improves corrosion resistance. This effect is obtained by making the Mo content 0.01% or more. However, if the Mo content exceeds 0.30%, the formation of an austenite structure at a high temperature is suppressed, and the hardenability decreases. Therefore, when Mo is added, the Mo content is in the range of 0.01% to 0.30%. Preferably they are 0.01% or more and 0.20% or less. More preferably, it is 0.01 to 0.10%.
- Cu 0.01% or more and 1.20% or less
- Cu is an element that improves temper softening resistance after quenching of steel. The effect is acquired by making Cu content 0.01% or more. However, if the Cu content exceeds 1.20%, the corrosion resistance decreases. Therefore, when Cu is added, the Cu content is in the range of 0.01% to 1.20%.
- Co 0.01% or more and 0.20% or less Co is an element that improves toughness. This effect can be obtained by setting the Co content to 0.01% or more. On the other hand, if the Co content exceeds 0.20%, the formability of the stainless steel sheet is lowered. Therefore, when Co is added, the Co content is in the range of 0.01% to 0.20%.
- Ca 0.0003% or more and 0.0030% or less Ca forms CaS in the molten steel, and suppresses clogging of the nozzle due to TiS generated when casting steel containing Ti.
- the effect is acquired by making Ca content 0.0003% or more.
- the Ca content exceeds 0.0030%, the corrosion resistance decreases. Therefore, when adding Ca, the content of Ca is set to a range of 0.0003% to 0.0030%.
- the balance other than the essential components and the optional components is Fe and inevitable impurities.
- molten steel having the above composition is manufactured in a converter or an electric furnace.
- the molten steel is secondarily refined by VOD (Vacuum Oxygen Decarburization) or AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization), and is made into a steel material by a known casting method.
- the steel material is heated to 1100-1300 ° C. Subsequently, the heated steel material is hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a predetermined thickness.
- This hot-rolled steel sheet corresponds to the stainless steel sheet of the present invention. In general, a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of about 3 to 8 mm is used for manufacturing a brake disk.
- the steel material exhibits a ferrite structure of 10 to 50% by volume and a balance austenite structure when heated at 1100 to 1300 ° C.
- intergranular cracking is likely to occur due to the difference in high-temperature strength and deformability of each phase.
- it is considered effective to form an austenite single phase structure by hot rolling by heating at 900 to 1100 ° C.
- the working temperature in hot rolling is low, the deformation resistance is large and the rolling reduction is unavoidable, so a 3-8 mm hot rolled steel sheet is obtained. I can't.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet is subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing at a temperature of 700 to 900 ° C. for 5 to 15 hours, if necessary, as a stainless steel sheet. Further, if necessary, descaling may be performed by pickling or shot blasting.
- the steel structure of the stainless steel plate (hot rolled steel plate or cold rolled steel plate) obtained as described above is a ferrite structure at room temperature. Molding becomes easy due to the ferrite structure. A small amount of phases other than the ferrite structure may be contained. For example, in addition to the ferrite structure, a martensite structure and an austenite structure may be included in a total amount of 10% by volume or less.
- the steel material since the steel material has the above-described two-phase structure in a high temperature state, intergranular cracking is likely to occur during the hot rolling.
- intergranular cracking since a certain amount or more of B is contained in the specific component composition, intergranular cracking can be suppressed.
- a stainless steel plate (cold-rolled steel plate or hot-rolled steel plate) is formed into a desired shape by punching or the like.
- a stainless steel sheet containing a certain amount of B or more (amount that can suppress the above-mentioned grain boundary cracking) is low in formability. This is probably because BN is generated. In the present invention, since a certain amount or more of V is contained, VN is generated and the generation of BN is suppressed, so that it is considered that the stainless steel plate has excellent formability.
- the stainless steel plate of the present invention has excellent formability, even if it is subjected to severe processing, it is difficult to form defects. For example, even a hat type brake disc applied to an automobile can be molded.
- a hat-type brake disc is composed of an overhanging portion at the center and a bowl-shaped portion with a constant width on the outer periphery thereof. It is fixed to the axis of rotation at the center overhang, and the brake pad is pressed against the hook-shaped part.
- the hat-type brake disk is manufactured by processing an inner periphery of a disk-shaped stainless steel plate so as to extend vertically.
- the stainless steel plate of the present invention can be formed into a shape in which the inner end portion extends vertically after forming a circular stainless steel plate regardless of the application.
- the brake disk molded as described above is subjected to a quenching process in which the brake disk is heated and cooled to a predetermined quenching temperature by high-frequency induction heating or the like, and adjusted to a desired hardness. It becomes hard because the steel structure becomes a martensite structure by quenching treatment.
- the degree of hardness varies depending on the application, but in the case of a brake disc for an automobile, the hardness after quenching is preferably HRC (Rockwell Hardness C-Scale) 20-45.
- the quenching process is performed by heating to a predetermined temperature selected from the range of 900 to 1100 ° C., holding at this temperature for 30 to 600 seconds, and cooling at 1 to 100 ° C./sec or less. It is preferable that the treatment is cooled at a speed.
- the scale generated on the surface of the brake disc by the above quenching process is removed by shot blasting etc., and if necessary, the part other than the place where the brake pad is pressed and the punched shear surface (punching In general, the friction part is mechanically ground to obtain a product (brake disc) in order to obtain mechanical accuracy.
- Tensile test A JIS No. 5 test piece with a gauge length of 50 mm was prepared from the hot-rolled annealed plate, and the elongation at break (crosshead speed 10 mm / min was used) fracture elongation value) was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2. In the present invention, it is considered good if the elongation at break is 30% or more.
- Hot workability test A slab having a plate thickness of 100 mm and a plate width of 100 mm was heated at 1200 ° C. for 1 h, then hot-rolled in 3 passes to a plate thickness of 20 mm, and the cracking state of the side surface (20 mm thickness and 200 mm long range) was investigated. Steel with 3 or more cracks having a length of 5 mm or more was confirmed as “ ⁇ (failed)”, and less than 3 steels as “ ⁇ (passed)”.
- Corrosion resistance test The hot-rolled steel sheet was heated at 1000 ° C for 1 minute, then air-cooled, and a pitting potential measurement with 0.5% NaCl (35 ° C) was performed. A pitting corrosion potential of 100 (mV vs. SCE) was evaluated as “ ⁇ (passed)”, and a pitting potential of 100 (mV vs. SCE) as “ ⁇ (failed)”.
- the inventive example is superior to the comparative example in breaking elongation, r value, and hole expansion rate ( ⁇ ), and has good moldability. If it is an example of this invention, even if it is a hat-type brake disc, it can manufacture. Therefore, a hat-type brake disk can be obtained by forming the hot-rolled annealing plate into the shape of a hat-type brake disk and quenching.
- the present invention relates to a stainless steel plate having good formability.
- Fields of application include brake discs etc. that are quenched after molding and used in a martensitic structure. It is suitable as a material for brake discs that are difficult to be molded, such as hat shapes not only for motorcycles and bicycles, but also for automobiles (including electric vehicles and hybrid automobiles).
- a hot rolling annealed plate or a cold rolled annealed plate exhibits a sufficient effect.
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Abstract
Description
Cが0.015%未満では、焼入れ後ブレーキディスクとして必要な硬さが得られず、使用中にブレーキディスクが磨耗したり変形したりしやすくなる。また、C含有量が0.100%以上では焼入れ後に硬くなりすぎて、ブレーキディスクの使用時にブレーキの鳴きが発生する。したがって、Cの含有量は0.015%以上0.100%未満の範囲とする。好ましくは0.020%以上0.083%以下である。
Siは脱酸材(deoxidizing agent)として有用である。その効果はSiの含有量を0.01%以上にすることで得られる。しかし、Siの含有量が1.00%を超えると成形性が損なわれる。したがって、Siの含有量は0.01%以上1.00%以下の範囲とする。より好ましくは0.10%以上0.50%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.10%以上0.43%以下である。最も好ましくは0.25%以上0.30%以下である。
Mnは脱酸材として有用である。その効果はMnの含有量を0.01%以上にすることで得られる。また、Mnを含有することで、高温でのオーステナイト組織の生成を促進して焼入れ性(hardenability)が向上する。しかし、Mnの含有量が2.00%を超えると耐食性が低下する。したがって、Mnの含有量は0.01%以上2.00%以下の範囲とする。より好ましくは0.20%以上1.80%以下である。
Pを一定量以上含有すると、熱間加工性(hot workability)が低下しやすい傾向にある。熱間加工性が低下すると、ブレーキディスクの製造が困難になる。そこで、Pの含有量は0.040%以下とする。好ましくは0.030%以下である。
Sを一定量以上含有すると、耐食性が低下するので、Sの含有量は0.030%以下とする。好ましくは0.010%以下である。
Crは耐食性の向上に寄与する元素である。この効果を得るために、Crの含有量を10.0%以上にすることが必要である。しかしながら、Crの含有量が14.0%以上では、焼入れ熱処理後にマルテンサイト組織が十分な量得られない。したがって、Cr量は10.0%以上14.0%未満の範囲とする。より好ましくは10.5%以上13.0%以下である。
Niは耐食性を向上させるとともに、焼入れ後の靭性(toughness)を向上させる。その効果はNiの含有量を0.01%以上にすることで得られる。しかし、Niは高価な元素であるとともに0.70%を超えるとこれらの効果が飽和する。したがって、Ni量は0.01%以上0.70%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは、0.01%以上0.40%以下の範囲とする。さらに好ましくは、0.01%以上0.20%以下の範囲とする。
Alは脱酸材として有用である。その効果はAlの含有量を0.001%以上にすることで得られる。しかし、Alの含有量が0.200%を超えると、焼入れ性が低下する。したがって、Alの含有量は0.001%以上0.200%以下の範囲とする。より好ましくは、0.001%以上0.008%以下である。
NはCと同様に焼入れ後の硬さの向上に寄与する。Nの含有量が0.005%未満では、焼入れ後にブレーキディスクとして必要な硬さが得られない。硬さが不十分なブレーキディスクは、使用中に変形しやすい。また、Nの含有量が0.080%を超えると鋳造時に鋼内部に気泡(blowhole)が生成して表面欠陥(surface defect)が発生する。したがって、Nの含有量は0.005%以上0.080%以下の範囲とする。
Oを含有すると鋼中に介在物(inclusion)が形成される。介在物が形成されるとステンレス鋼板の成形性が低下する。そこで、Oの含有量を0.0060%以下とする。好ましくは0.0045%以下である。
Bは鋳造時、熱延時の熱間加工性の向上に有効な元素である。0.0002%以上のBを含有することにより、フェライト組織結晶粒とオーステナイト組織結晶粒の粒界にBが偏析する。この偏析により粒界強度(grain boundary strength)が高まり、熱間加工時に割れが生じるのを防げる。しかし、0.0030%を超えてBを含有すると、ステンレス鋼板の成形性と靭性が低下するので好ましくない。したがって、Bの含有量は0.0002%以上0.0030%以下とする。より好ましくは0.0002%以上0.0020%以下である。
通常、Bの添加により熱間加工性は向上し、また、鋼の強度が上がる。しかし、Bの添加により延性が低下する。このため、ブレーキディスクを室温で成形する際の、ステンレス鋼板の成形性は低い傾向にある。Vはこのような成形性におよぼすBの悪影響を緩和する重要な元素である。Vを(10×B)%以上含有することにより、ステンレス鋼板の成形性が向上する。Vの含有量は(20×B)%以上がさらに好適である。Bを添加すると、粒界および粒内でBNが形成される。このBNが室温で加工する場合の成形性を低下させていると考えられる。Vの添加により、VNが形成する。このVNにより、ステンレス鋼板の成形性に悪影響を及ぼすBNが減少するため成形性が向上すると考えられる。一方、0.300%を超えたVの含有は鋼を硬質化し、成形性がむしろ低下する。そのため、V量は10×B~0.300%の範囲とする。より好ましくは20×B~0.200%である。さらに好ましくは、20×B~0.050%である。
Nbは鋼の焼入れ後の焼戻し軟化抵抗を向上させる元素である。その効果はNbの含有量を0.01%以上にすることで得られる。しかし、Nbの含有量が0.40%を超えると焼入れ後の硬さが低下する。したがって、Nbを添加する場合、Nbの含有量は0.01%以上0.40%以下とする。より好ましくは0.01%以上0.10%以下である。
Tiは鋼の焼入れ後の耐食性を向上させる元素である。その効果はTiの含有量を0.01%以上にすることで得られる。しかし、Tiの含有量が0.40%を超えると焼入れ後の硬さが低下する。したがって、Tiを添加する場合、Tiの含有量は0.01%以上0.40%以下とする。より好ましくは0.01%以上0.10%以下である。
Moは耐食性を向上させる元素である。この効果はMoの含有量を0.01%以上にすることで得られる。しかし、Moの含有量が0.30%を超えると高温でのオーステナイト組織の生成が抑制されて焼入れ性が低下する。したがって、Moを添加する場合、Moの含有量は0.01%以上0.30%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは0.01%以上0.20%以下である。より好ましくは0.01~0.10%である。
Cuは鋼の焼入れ後の焼戻し軟化抵抗を向上させる元素である。その効果はCuの含有量を0.01%以上にすることで得られる。しかし、Cuの含有量が1.20%を超えると耐食性が低下する。したがって、Cuを添加する場合、Cuの含有量は0.01%~1.20%の範囲とする。
Coは靭性を向上させる元素である。この効果はCoの含有量を0.01%以上にすることで得られる。一方、Coの含有量が0.20%を超えると、ステンレス鋼板の成形性が低下する。そのため、Coを添加する場合、Coの含有量は0.01%以上0.20%以下の範囲とする。
Caは溶鋼中でCaSを形成し、Tiを含有する鋼を鋳造する際に発生するTiSによるノズルの詰りを抑制する。その効果はCaの含有量を0.0003%以上にすることで得られる。しかし、Caの含有量が0.0030%を超えると耐食性が低下する。したがって、Caを添加する場合、Caの含有量は0.0003%以上0.0030%以下の範囲とする。
上記必須成分、上記任意成分以外の残部は、Fe及び不可避的不純物である。
上記熱延焼鈍板から、標点間距離(gauge length)50mmのJIS5号試験片を作製し、この試験片を用いてクロスヘッドスピード(crosshead speed)10mm/minの条件で破断伸び値(fracture elongation value)を測定した。測定結果を表2に示した。なお、本発明においては、破断伸びが30%以上であれば、良好であるとする。
上記引張試験の方法と同様に行い、15%歪み(strain)で終了し、平行部(parallel portion)の板幅変化、板厚変化を測定し、r値を算出した。算出結果を表2に示した。なお、本発明においては、ランクフォード値が1.0以上であれば良好とする。
先端角(point angle)60度のポンチ(punch)を、直径10mmの打ち抜き穴(punching hole)に押し込み、亀裂が発生したときの穴広げ率(hole expansion ratio)(λ)を測定した。穴広げ率は以下の式で求めた。測定結果を表2に示した。なお、本発明においては、λが140%以上であれば良好とする。
λ(%)={(d-d0)/d0}×100
上記式中のdは亀裂が発生したときの穴の直径(mm)、d0は初期の穴の直径(mm)を表す。
板厚100mm、板幅100mmの鋳片を1200℃で1h加熱後、板厚20mmまで3パスで熱延し、側面(20mm厚200mm長範囲)の割れ状況を調査した。長さ5mm以上の割れが3個以上確認された鋼を「×(不合格)」、3個未満のものを「○(合格)」とした。
上記熱延鋼板を1000℃で1分間加熱後、空冷し、0.5%NaCl(35℃)での孔食電位の測定(pitting potential measurement)を行った。孔食電位が100(mV vs.SCE)のものを「○(合格)」とし、100(mV vs.SCE)のものを「×(不合格)」とした。
Claims (6)
- 焼入れによりマルテンサイト組織を形成可能なステンレス鋼板であって、
質量%で、C:0.015%以上0.100%未満、Si:0.01%以上1.00%以下、Mn:0.01%以上2.00%以下、P:0.040%以下、S:0.030%以下、Cr:10.0%以上14.0%未満、Ni:0.01%以上0.70%以下、Al:0.001%以上0.200%以下、N:0.005%以上0.080%以下、O:0.0060%以下、B:0.0002%以上0.0030%以下、V:(10×Bの含有量(%))%以上0.300%以下を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなるステンレス鋼板。 - 前記Vの含有量は、(20×Bの含有量(%))以上0.200%以下である請求項1に記載のステンレス鋼板。
- 前記Vの含有量は、(20×Bの含有量(%))以上0.050%以下である請求項1に記載のステンレス鋼板。
- さらに、質量%で、Nb:0.01%以上0.40%以下、及びTi:0.01%以上0.40%以下、から選択される少なくとも1種を含む請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のステンレス鋼板。
- さらに、質量%で、Mo:0.01%以上0.30%以下、Cu:0.01%以上1.20%以下、及びCo:0.01%以上0.20%以下、から選択される少なくとも1種を含む請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のステンレス鋼板。
- さらに、質量%で、Ca:0.0003%以上0.0030%以下を含む請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のステンレス鋼板。
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WO2012157680A1 (ja) * | 2011-05-16 | 2012-11-22 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | 自転車のディスクブレーキロータ用マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法 |
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JP2016117925A (ja) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-30 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | ステンレス製4輪用ディスクブレーキロータおよびその製造方法 |
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JP2020152959A (ja) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-24 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | ブレーキマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法、ブレーキディスク、ならびにマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼スラブ |
JP7300859B2 (ja) | 2019-03-20 | 2023-06-30 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | ブレーキマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法、ブレーキディスク、ならびにマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼スラブ |
WO2020195915A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-01 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | 自動車ブレーキディスクローター用フェライト系ステンレス鋼板、自動車ブレーキディスクローター及び自動車ブレーキディスクローター用ホットスタンプ加工品 |
JPWO2020195915A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-12-23 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | 自動車ブレーキディスクローター用フェライト系ステンレス鋼板、自動車ブレーキディスクローター及び自動車ブレーキディスクローター用ホットスタンプ加工品 |
JP7179966B2 (ja) | 2019-03-28 | 2022-11-29 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | 自動車ブレーキディスクローター用フェライト系ステンレス鋼板、自動車ブレーキディスクローター及び自動車ブレーキディスクローター用ホットスタンプ加工品 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI604072B (zh) | 2017-11-01 |
EP2947170B1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
EP2947170A1 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
TW201444985A (zh) | 2014-12-01 |
KR20150108932A (ko) | 2015-09-30 |
US20160281189A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
KR101930860B1 (ko) | 2018-12-19 |
JPWO2014148015A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
ES2715387T3 (es) | 2019-06-04 |
CN105189801A (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
KR20180039748A (ko) | 2018-04-18 |
JP5700172B2 (ja) | 2015-04-15 |
EP2947170A4 (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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