WO2014068752A1 - 電力変換装置およびその故障診断方法 - Google Patents
電力変換装置およびその故障診断方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014068752A1 WO2014068752A1 PCT/JP2012/078349 JP2012078349W WO2014068752A1 WO 2014068752 A1 WO2014068752 A1 WO 2014068752A1 JP 2012078349 W JP2012078349 W JP 2012078349W WO 2014068752 A1 WO2014068752 A1 WO 2014068752A1
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- power supply
- electrical machine
- rotating electrical
- armature winding
- phase
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/12—Monitoring commutation; Providing indication of commutation failure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
- G01R31/42—AC power supplies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device and a failure diagnosis method thereof, and more particularly, to a power conversion device that supplies power to a multiphase rotating electrical machine or rectifies an induced voltage from the multiphase rotating electrical machine and a failure diagnosis method thereof.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method for detecting a short-circuit fault of a diode of a full-wave rectifier circuit with high accuracy. Specifically, a voltage source or a current source is connected to an arbitrary AC terminal, and abnormality is determined from the voltage value or current value of the AC terminal.
- Patent Document 1 since it is determined that the current does not flow from the failure detection terminal (P terminal) to the armature winding, the path from the failure detection terminal (P terminal) to the armature winding is disconnected. In this case, there is a problem that not only the disconnection cannot be detected, but also the short-circuit failure of the full-wave rectifier circuit cannot be detected, and the power and ground faults of the armature winding cannot be detected.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is capable of detecting a power fault, a ground fault, and a disconnection fault of a multiphase rotating electric machine without flowing a large current.
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a conversion device and a fault diagnosis method thereof.
- a plurality of phase bridge circuits in which power semiconductor switching elements are connected in series to form upper and lower arms are connected in parallel, and both ends of the phase bridge circuit are connected to a chargeable / dischargeable DC power source.
- a power conversion device for performing AC-DC power conversion or DC-AC power conversion wherein a connection point between the power semiconductor switching elements of the upper and lower arms is connected to an AC terminal of an armature winding of a multiphase rotating electrical machine,
- a discharge type constant current circuit for passing a constant current from the output end of the power supply circuit to the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine; and the discharge type constant current circuit Connected in series, a backflow prevention diode for preventing a backflow current from the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine
- a plurality of phase bridge circuits in which power semiconductor switching elements are connected in series to form upper and lower arms are connected in parallel, and both ends of the phase bridge circuit are connected to a chargeable / dischargeable DC power source.
- a power conversion device for performing AC-DC power conversion or DC-AC power conversion wherein a connection point between the power semiconductor switching elements of the upper and lower arms is connected to an AC terminal of an armature winding of a multiphase rotating electrical machine,
- a discharge type constant current circuit for passing a constant current from the output end of the power supply circuit to the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine; and the discharge type constant current circuit Connected in series, a backflow prevention diode for preventing a backflow current from the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine
- the power converter is a feature, it is possible to detect a power fault, a ground fault, and a disconnection fault of a multiphase rotating electric machine without flowing a large current.
- a three-phase rotating electric machine is shown as an example of the multi-phase rotating electric machine 4. Therefore, hereinafter, the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 will be described as a three-phase rotating electrical machine.
- the present invention is not limited to this case, and the number of phases of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 may be 2 or 6, or a star-connected rotating electrical machine may be used as the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4.
- the power converter 1 includes six power semiconductor switching elements 2, a drive circuit 5, an internal power supply circuit 6, a discharge type constant current circuit 7, a backflow prevention diode 8, a pull-down resistor 9, and a phase voltage detection unit 10. And a failure determination unit 11.
- the drive circuit 5 turns on or off each of the six power semiconductor switching elements 2.
- the internal power supply circuit 6 outputs a predetermined voltage from the output terminal 6a.
- the discharge-type constant current circuit 7 is connected to the output terminal 6 a of the internal power supply circuit 6, and supplies a constant current from the output terminal 6 a of the internal power supply circuit 6 to any one AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4. Shed.
- the backflow prevention diode 8 is connected between the discharge type constant current circuit 7 and the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4, and the internal power circuit from the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4.
- the pull-down resistor 9 connects the other two AC terminals of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to which the discharge type constant current circuit 7 is not connected to the cathode potential of the DC power source 3.
- the phase voltage detection unit 10 detects the phase voltage of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4. Based on the phase voltage value of each phase of the multi-phase rotating electrical machine 4 detected by the phase voltage detecting unit 10, the failure determination unit 11 performs a power fault or line fault in the armature winding of the multi-phase rotating electrical machine 4. -to-power fault), earth fault, ground fault or line-to-ground fault, and open fault.
- the power fault is that the insulation between the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 and the DC power supply 3 is extremely lowered, and the gap is connected by an arc or a conductor.
- a wiring contacts the anode terminal (power supply line) of the DC power supply 3 is mentioned as an example.
- all the phase voltages of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 become substantially equal to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3.
- substantially here means that the phase voltage of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 is equal to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 even if the detection error of the phase voltage detector 10 is subtracted.
- the ground fault is that the insulation between the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 and the GND terminal is extremely lowered, and the gap is connected by an arc or a conductor.
- a wiring contacts an earth wire is mentioned as an example.
- all the phase voltages of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 become substantially equal to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3.
- substantially here means that the phase voltage of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 is equal to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 even if the detection error of the phase voltage detector 10 is subtracted.
- the disconnection failure means that a part of the wiring of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 is disconnected.
- phase voltages of the multiphase rotating electrical machine are not substantially at the same potential.
- substantially here means that all the phase voltages of the multi-phase rotating electrical machine 4 are at the same potential even if the detection error of the phase voltage detector 10 is subtracted.
- the power semiconductor switching element 2 is composed of, for example, a MOSFET or an IGBT.
- the DC power supply 3 is composed of, for example, a lead storage battery (battery), a lithium ion battery, or an electric double layer capacitor that is generally used as a power supply for automobiles.
- the drive circuit 5 is composed of, for example, a push-pull type pre-driver using a drive power supply by a charge pump circuit or a bootstrap circuit.
- the internal power supply circuit 6 is composed of, for example, a DCDC converter, a series regulator, or a constant voltage diode.
- the discharge type constant current circuit 7 is composed of, for example, a constant current circuit using transistors such as a constant current diode or a current mirror circuit.
- the phase voltage detection unit 10 includes, for example, a transistor or an operational amplifier circuit using an operational amplifier.
- a method for setting the constant current value of the discharge type constant current circuit 7 will be described.
- the phase voltage of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 at that time is taken as the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3. Since it must be distinguished and determined, a potential difference is required between the phase voltage of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 and the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3. For example, when the assumed minimum value of the leakage resistance is 100 ⁇ and the potential difference that can be distinguished from a ground fault is 1 V, the constant current value of the discharge type constant current circuit 7 is 10 mA according to Ohm's law.
- the resistance value of the pull-down resistor 9 is such that the phase voltage of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 is DC due to a power supply fault in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 or a short circuit fault in the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the upper arm. It is set in consideration of the rise to the anode voltage of the power source 3.
- the rated power of the pull-down resistor 9 is P
- the safety factor such as temperature derating is ⁇ (for example, 0.7 or 0.8)
- the DC power supply in which the power converter 1 operates normally When the maximum value of the voltage fluctuation range of 3 is Batt (MAX), the resistance value Rpd of the pull-down resistor 9 needs to satisfy the following formula 1.
- the resistance value Rpd of the pull-down resistor 9 indicates the leakage current per phase from the drive circuit 5, the number of phases n, the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6 Vcc, and the forward voltage drop of the backflow prevention diode 8.
- Vf it is necessary to satisfy the following formula 2.
- the failure determination unit 11 includes, for example, a logic circuit such as a microcomputer or ASIC or a comparator such as a comparator.
- the failure determination unit 11 is a control unit (not shown) of the power conversion device 1 in a state where all the power semiconductor switching elements 2 are in the off state and no induced voltage is generated in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4. Or the failure determination is started when a failure determination start signal is received from the host controller (not shown) of the power conversion device 1.
- the internal power supply circuit 6 is used to pass a minute current through the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to detect each phase voltage, and failure determination is performed based on the detected phase voltage.
- the failure determination operation will be described below using the flowchart shown in FIG.
- step S ⁇ b> 100 all phase voltages of the armature windings of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 are acquired from the phase voltage detection unit 10.
- step S101 it is determined whether or not all the phase voltages are substantially equal to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3, and if they are equal, the process proceeds to step S102.
- step S102 it is determined that there is a power fault, and the failure determination process ends. Note that “substantially” in step S ⁇ b> 101 means that the phase voltage is equal to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 even if the detection error of the phase voltage detection unit 10 is subtracted.
- step S103 it is determined whether or not all the phase voltages are substantially equal to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3, and if they are equal, the process proceeds to step S104.
- step S104 it is determined that there is a ground fault, and the failure determination process ends.
- step S105 it is determined that all the phase voltages are not substantially the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 in step S103.
- step S105 if all the phase voltages are not substantially the same potential, the process proceeds to step S106.
- step S106 it is determined that there is a disconnection failure, and failure determination processing is performed. On the other hand, if all the phase voltages are substantially the same in step S105, the process proceeds to step S107.
- step S107 the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 is subjected to a power fault, ground fault, fault, and disconnection fault. It is determined that none exists, and the failure determination process is terminated.
- the value of the predetermined voltage output from the internal power supply circuit 6 is the voltage fluctuation range of the DC power supply 3 in which the power converter 1 operates normally. It is a condition to set a value smaller than the minimum value.
- FIG. 3 shows a modification of FIG. 1, and a constant voltage unit 30 is connected in series with the backflow prevention diode 8.
- the constant voltage unit 30 is provided between the discharge type constant current circuit 7 and the backflow prevention diode 8.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.
- the constant voltage unit 30 expands (or amplifies) the potential difference between the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6 and the phase voltage of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electric machine 4.
- the constant voltage unit 30 is composed of, for example, a constant voltage diode having a cathode connected to the output terminal 6a of the internal power supply circuit 6.
- the constant voltage unit 30 is composed of at least one diode, and the anode side of these diodes is connected to the output terminal 6a of the internal power supply circuit 6 by utilizing the forward voltage drop of the diode. May be.
- the internal power supply circuit 6 is used to cause a small current to flow through the armature winding of the multi-phase rotating electric machine 4, and to detect each phase voltage by the phase voltage detection unit 10, and to make a failure determination based on the detected phase voltage. Therefore, the power supply fault, ground fault, and disconnection failure of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 can be detected with high accuracy.
- the resistance value of the pull-down resistor 9 is appropriately selected, it is possible to prevent a problem that a minute current for detecting a failure does not flow in the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 due to a leakage current from the drive circuit 5 and Even if the armature winding of the rotating electrical machine 4 has a power fault or the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the upper arm of the phase bridge circuit is short-circuited, the pull-down resistor 9 will not burn out due to over-rating, Secondary failure can be prevented.
- the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6 is set to a value smaller than the minimum value of the voltage fluctuation range of the DC power supply 3 in which the power converter 1 operates normally, the failure determination process can be realized without erroneous determination.
- the constant voltage unit 30 is added so as to lower the phase voltage value when there is no failure, the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 becomes the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6. Even if it is lower, it is possible to correctly detect a power fault.
- FIG. FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the power conversion device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- a suction type constant current circuit is provided between any one AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 and the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3.
- 20 and the other two AC terminals of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 are connected to the output terminal 6a of the internal power supply circuit 6 via the pull-up resistor 21 and the backflow prevention diode 8.
- the pull-down resistor 9 in FIG. 1 is not provided.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- failure determination unit 11 in the present embodiment is the same as the processing of the flowchart of FIG. 2 described in the first embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted here.
- the suction type constant current circuit 20 is composed of, for example, a constant current circuit using a transistor such as a constant current diode or a current mirror circuit, like the discharge type constant current circuit 7 shown in FIG.
- a method for setting the constant current value of the suction type constant current circuit 20 as in the case of the discharge type constant current circuit 7 described above, from the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine using salt water or muddy water to the anode potential of the DC power supply. Therefore, a potential difference that can be distinguished from the phase voltage when the leakage occurs is distinguished from the anode potential of the DC power supply 3.
- the constant current value is 10 mA from Ohm's law.
- the constant current value icd is obtained by adding the leakage current to the constant current value calculated from the potential difference VL required at the time of leakage to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 and the assumed minimum value RL of the leakage resistance.
- the pull-up resistor 21 has a role of lowering the phase voltage, like the constant voltage unit 30 shown in FIG. If the resistance value of the pull-up resistor 21 is set too large, the voltage across the pull-up resistor 21 becomes too large due to the constant current of the suction type constant current circuit 20, and the phase voltage drops to near the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3. Therefore, in order to prevent this from happening, it is assumed that the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6 is Vcc, the forward voltage drop of the backflow prevention diode 8 is Vf, and the constant current value of the suction type constant current circuit 20 is icd.
- the resistance value Rpu needs to satisfy the following formula 4. Rpu ⁇ (Vcc ⁇ Vf) / icd (Formula 4)
- the rated power of the pull-up resistor 21 is absorbed by only one pull-up resistor 21 when a disconnection occurs at the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to which the pull-up resistor 21 is connected.
- the rated power that can withstand the constant current maximum value of the type constant current circuit 20 is required. Therefore, assuming that the rated power of the pull-up resistor 21 is P, the safety factor such as temperature derating is ⁇ (for example, 0.7 or 0.8), and the constant current value of the suction type constant current circuit 20 is icd, the pull-up resistor 21
- the resistance value Rpu needs to satisfy the following formula 5.
- Rpu ⁇ (P ⁇ ⁇ ) / icd 2 (Formula 5)
- the resistance value of the pull-up resistor 21 is set to, for example, about 3 to 4 times the assumed minimum value of the leak resistance generated in salt water or muddy water, the resistance value increases depending on the salt water or muddy water. Even if the armature winding of the phase rotating electrical machine 4 leaks to the anode potential or the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3, the failure determination unit 11 can prevent erroneous determination of a power fault and a ground fault.
- all of the power semiconductor switching elements 2 are in the off state, and an induced voltage is generated in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine.
- a small current may be passed through the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 using the internal power supply circuit 6 and a failure determination may be made based on the voltage of each phase.
- a fault fault, a ground fault, and a disconnection fault can be accurately detected.
- the resistance value of the pull-up resistor 21 is appropriately selected, the leakage from the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to the anode potential or the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 due to salt water or muddy water is also prevented. It is possible to avoid sky and ground fault misjudgment.
- the resistance value of the pull-up resistor 21 is appropriately selected, even when the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 is lower than the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6, a power fault can be detected correctly.
- FIG. FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the power conversion device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Compared with the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a difference is that a suction type constant current circuit 20 is connected in series with an arbitrary one of the pull-down resistors 9. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted here.
- failure determination unit 11 in the present embodiment is the same as the processing of the flowchart of FIG. 2 described in the first embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted here.
- the constant current value of the discharge type constant current circuit 7 may be set in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and from the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 by salt water or muddy water to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3. It is possible to avoid a ground fault misjudgment even with respect to a leak.
- the constant current value of the suction type constant current circuit 20 may be set in the same manner as in the above-described second embodiment, and the DC power source 3 is connected to the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 by salt water or muddy water. It is possible to avoid erroneous determination of a power fault even for a leak to the anode potential.
- the resistance value of the other pull-down resistor 9 to which the suction type constant current circuit 20 is not connected in series may be selected so as to satisfy the above formulas 1 and 2.
- the pull-down resistor 9 connected in series to the suction type constant current circuit 20 has a role of adjusting the phase voltage, like the constant voltage unit 30 shown in FIG. That is, when all the power semiconductor switching elements 2 are in the off state and no induced voltage is generated in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electric machine 4, the phase voltage is Vu, and the constant current of the discharge type constant current circuit 7 is set.
- the value is icu
- the resistance value of the pull-down resistor 9 not connected in series to the suction-type constant current circuit 20 is Rpdn
- the resistance value of the pull-down resistor 9 connected in series to the suction-type constant current circuit 20 is Rpd1 6 can be used.
- Rpd1 (Rpdn ⁇ icu ⁇ Vu) / (Rpdn ⁇ Vu) ... (Formula 6)
- the suction type constant current circuit 20 is not limited so that the current flowing to the suction type constant current circuit 20 is not limited when leakage occurs from the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 due to salt water or muddy water. It is necessary to select the resistance value of the pull-down resistor 9 connected in series. That is, the minimum value of the voltage fluctuation range of the DC power supply 3 in which the power converter 1 operates normally is Batt (MIN), the constant current value of the suction type constant current circuit 7 is icd, and the minimum value of the assumed leakage resistance is RL. As for the resistance value of the pull-down resistor 9, Rpd1 needs to satisfy the following equation (7). Rpd1 ⁇ Batt (MIN) / icd ⁇ RL (Formula 7)
- all of the power semiconductor switching elements 2 are in the OFF state, and an induced voltage is generated in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electric machine 4.
- the internal power supply circuit 6 is used to pass a minute current through the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 so that the failure is determined based on the voltage of each phase. A power fault, ground fault and disconnection fault can be detected with high accuracy.
- the suction type constant current circuit 20 since the constant current is made to flow by using the suction type constant current circuit 20, the leakage from the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 due to salt water or muddy water is also a power fault. Misjudgment can be avoided.
- the discharge type constant current circuit 7 is used to supply a constant current, a ground fault is also detected against leakage from the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 due to salt water or muddy water. Misjudgment can be avoided.
- the AC terminal that is not connected to either the discharge type constant current circuit 7 or the suction type constant current circuit 20 is the pull-down resistor 9.
- the method of connecting to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 via the above has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and among the AC terminals of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4, an AC terminal to which neither the discharge type constant current circuit 7 nor the suction type constant current circuit 20 is connected is described above.
- the pull-up resistor 21 shown in FIG. 4 is installed for the purpose of detecting a disconnection failure. That is, when a disconnection failure occurs in the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to which the pull-up resistor 21 is connected, the disconnection failure occurs because the phase voltage of the AC terminal becomes the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6. Therefore, the magnitude of the current value flowing through the pull-up resistor 21 is not related.
- the resistance value of the pull-up resistor 21 is small, the phase voltage setting of the pull-down resistor 9 and the constant current value setting of the discharge type constant current circuit 7 are affected.
- a resistance value of several k ⁇ to several tens of k ⁇ is preferably used.
- Rpd1 Vu / icd (Equation 8)
- FIG. FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the power conversion device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- a second internal power supply circuit 40 that outputs a voltage smaller than the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6 is added, and the pull-down resistor 9 is The difference is that the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 is connected to the output terminal 40a of the second internal power supply circuit 40.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- the second internal power supply circuit 40 is provided for detecting that a power fault has occurred in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 and that a composite fault has occurred, such as when a disconnection fault has occurred at the same time. It has been.
- the second internal power supply circuit 40 includes, for example, a DCDC converter, a series regulator, or a constant voltage diode.
- the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 is set to a value lower than the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6.
- the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 is set to a potential difference required when leakage occurs from the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 due to salt water or muddy water, for example.
- the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 is in a state where all the power semiconductor switching elements 2 are in an off state and no induced voltage is generated in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4, and
- the phase voltage value is lower than that at the time of no failure and the current does not flow from the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 to the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electric machine 4.
- the constant current setting method of the discharge type constant current circuit 7 described above can be used as it is, and an effect equivalent to that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the pull-down resistor 9 is calculated by subtracting the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 from the output voltage Vcc of the internal power supply circuit 6 of the above-described formulas 1 and 2 or the anode potential of the DC power supply 3.
- the resistance value can be calculated, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 7 shows a modification of the power conversion device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the second internal power supply circuit 40, the diode 41, and the resistor 42 are added, and the suction type constant current circuit 20 has a multiphase rotation.
- the difference is that the AC terminal of the armature winding of the electric machine 4 and the output terminal 40a of the second internal power supply circuit 40 are connected.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- the second internal power supply circuit 40 outputs a voltage smaller than the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6.
- the diode 41 and the resistor 42 are connected in parallel to the suction type constant current circuit 20.
- the diode 41 prevents current from flowing from the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to the output terminal 40 a of the second internal power supply circuit 40.
- the resistor 42 serves to limit the current flowing from the output terminal 40a of the second internal power supply circuit 40 to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 when the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 has a ground fault. There is.
- the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 may be set to a value lower than the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6.
- the second internal power supply circuit 40 is set to a value equal to or less than the potential difference required when leakage occurs from the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 due to salt water or muddy water. It is conceivable to set the output voltage. That is, the second internal power supply circuit 40 is in a state where all of the power semiconductor switching elements 2 are in an off state, no induced voltage is generated in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electric machine 4, and no failure occurs. Output voltage becomes lower than the phase voltage value.
- the current does not flow from the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 to the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electric machine 4, and the constant current setting of the suction type constant current circuit 20 described in the second embodiment is performed. Since the method can be used as it is, the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained.
- the constant setting of the pull-up resistor 21 can be calculated by subtracting the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 from the output voltage Vcc of the internal power supply circuit 6 of the above-described formula 4. And the same effects as those of the second embodiment can be obtained.
- the failure determination unit 11 includes, for example, a logic circuit such as a microcomputer or ASIC or a comparator such as a comparator. Also in the present embodiment, failure determination unit 11 performs a power conversion device in a state where all power semiconductor switching elements 2 are in an off state and no induced voltage is generated in the armature winding of multiphase rotating electrical machine 4.
- failure determination start signal is received from one control unit (not shown) or the host controller (not shown) of the power conversion device 1, failure determination is started.
- the internal power supply circuit 6 and the second internal power supply circuit 40 are used to pass a minute current through the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to detect each phase voltage, and to detect the detected phase voltage. And make a failure judgment.
- step S100 in FIG. 8 is the same as step S100 in FIG. 2, and the phase voltage of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 is acquired from the phase voltage detection unit 10.
- step S ⁇ b> 201 it is determined whether each phase voltage is substantially equal to the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6 or substantially equal to the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40. As a result of the determination, when at least one phase voltage is substantially equal to either the output voltage of the internal power supply circuit 6 or the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40, the process proceeds to step S202.
- step S202 a disconnection failure flag is set for the phase, and the process proceeds to step S203.
- step S203 it is determined whether or not each phase voltage is substantially equal to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3. As a result of the determination, if at least one phase voltage is substantially equal to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3, the process proceeds to step S204. In step S204, a power fault flag is set for the phase, and the process proceeds to step S205. On the other hand, if all the phase voltages are substantially different from the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 in step S203, the process proceeds to step S205.
- step S205 it is determined whether or not each phase voltage is substantially equal to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3. As a result of the determination, if at least one phase voltage is substantially equal to the cathode voltage of the DC power supply 3, the process proceeds to step S206. In step S206, a ground fault flag is set for that phase, and the failure determination process is terminated. On the other hand, if all the phase voltages are substantially different from the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 in step S205, the process proceeds to step S107. In step S107, as in step S107 of FIG. 2, it is determined that there is no failure, and the failure determination process ends.
- steps S202, S204, and / or S206 it is possible to confirm which fault has occurred in which phase, and the power fault of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 A failure, a ground fault, and a disconnection failure can be detected with high accuracy, and a composite failure in which two or more failures occur simultaneously can be detected.
- the internal power supply circuit 6 and the second internal power supply circuit 40 are used to cause a current to flow through the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 and determine the failure based on the voltage of each phase.
- a power fault, ground fault and disconnection fault can be detected with high accuracy.
- a second internal power supply circuit 40 is newly provided, and among the AC terminals of the armature windings of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4, the AC terminal connected to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 is used as the second internal power supply circuit. 40, and the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 is set appropriately, so that combined faults that occur simultaneously, such as disconnection faults and power faults of the armature windings of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4, are also possible. It can be detected.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 a configuration in which the second internal power supply circuit 40 is newly provided in the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 is shown.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the second internal power supply circuit 40 is newly provided for the configuration shown in FIG. 3 or 5 and the AC terminals of the armature windings of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4
- the AC terminal connected to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 is connected to the second internal power supply circuit 40, and the output voltage of the second internal power supply circuit 40 may be set appropriately, and the multiphase rotation It is also possible to detect complex faults that occur at the same time, such as disconnection faults and power faults of the armature windings of the electric machine 4.
- Embodiment 5 the failure determination unit 11 is used to cause a power supply fault in the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 including a short-circuit fault in the power semiconductor switching element 2 of the power conversion device 1.
- a method for determining a fault and disconnection fault has been described.
- the power of the power converter 1 is further increased according to the flowcharts of FIG. 9A and FIG.
- a method for determining the inability to drive the semiconductor switching element 2 will be described.
- the inability to drive the power semiconductor switching element 2 includes a failure in which the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be turned on and a failure in which the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be turned off.
- the fifth embodiment can be applied to all the failure determination units 11 of the first to fourth embodiments, and the same effect can be obtained when applied to any of the embodiments. Since operations other than those shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B described below are the same as those in Embodiments 1 to 4, description thereof is omitted here.
- the configuration of the power conversion device according to the fifth embodiment is the same as that described in the first to fourth embodiments. Therefore, the description is omitted here.
- step S300 the failure determination unit 11 turns on the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the lower arm of an arbitrary phase via the drive circuit 5.
- step S301 the process waits for a predetermined time until the phase voltage is stabilized, and then proceeds to step S302. Details of the predetermined time setting method will be described later.
- step S302 the phase voltage of the phase in which the power semiconductor switching element 2 is turned on is acquired via the phase voltage detector 10, and the process proceeds to step S303.
- step S303 it is determined whether or not the acquired phase voltage is substantially higher than the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3.
- step S304 it is determined that the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be turned on, and it is determined that the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be driven, and the failure determination process for the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the phase is completed. To do.
- the process proceeds to step S305.
- step S305 the power semiconductor switching element 2 is turned off via the drive circuit 5, and the process proceeds to step S306.
- step S306 similarly to step S301, a predetermined time is waited until the phase voltage is stabilized, and the process proceeds to step S307.
- step S307 if the phase voltage is substantially equal to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3, the process proceeds to step S304.
- step S304 it is determined that the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be turned off, and the power semiconductor switching element 2 is determined not to be driven, and a failure determination process for the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the phase is performed. finish.
- the phase voltage is not substantially equal to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3 in step S307 (that is, higher than the cathode potential)
- the process proceeds to step S308 in FIG. 9B.
- step S308 the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the upper arm to be paired with the power semiconductor switching element 2 in which the failure determination is performed in the processing from step S300 to step S307 is turned on, and the process proceeds to step S309.
- step S309 similarly to step S301, a predetermined time is waited until the phase voltage is stabilized, and the process proceeds to step S310.
- step S310 the phase voltage at which the power semiconductor switching element 2 is turned on is acquired via the phase voltage detector 10, and the process proceeds to step S311.
- step S311 it is determined whether or not the acquired phase voltage is substantially lower than the anode potential of the DC power supply 3, and if lower, the process proceeds to step S312.
- step S312 it is determined that the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be turned on, and it is determined that the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be driven, and the failure determination process for the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the phase is completed. To do.
- step S311 if the phase voltage is substantially equal to or higher than the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 (that is, substantially equal to the anode potential), the process proceeds to step S313.
- step S313 the power semiconductor switching element 2 is turned off via the drive circuit 5, and the process proceeds to step S314.
- step S314 similarly to step S301, a predetermined time is waited until the phase voltage is stabilized, and the process proceeds to step S315.
- step S315 it is determined whether or not the phase voltage is substantially equal to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3. As a result of the determination, if it is substantially equal, the process proceeds to step S312. In step S312, it is determined that the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be turned off and it is determined that the power semiconductor switching element 2 cannot be driven, and the failure determination process for the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the phase is completed. To do. On the other hand, if the phase voltage is not equal to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 in step S315 (that is, lower than the anode potential), the process proceeds to step S316. In step S316, it is determined that there is no failure in the power semiconductor switching element 2 constituting the phase, and the process is terminated. As described above, the failure determination process described with reference to FIGS. 9A and 9B is performed for all phases of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4.
- the predetermined time until the phase voltage is stabilized in steps S301, S306, S309, and S314 in FIGS. 9A and 9B (hereinafter referred to as the predetermined time Tm) is, for example, the wiring inductance from the DC power supply 3 to the power conversion device 1 Lm, the resistance value of the pull-down resistor 9 is Rpd, the time constant of the LR circuit determined by the inductance Lm and the resistance value Rpd is ⁇ , and the ratio of the phase voltage determined to be stable in the phase voltage to the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 is ⁇ Is defined by the following Equation 9.
- the inductance Lp of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 is used, for example, the multiphase rotating electrical machine.
- the armature winding of 4 is a star connection, it can be defined as the following Expression 10. Tm ⁇ ⁇ (Lm + 2 ⁇ Lp) / Rpd ⁇ ln (1- ⁇ ) (Equation 10)
- the failure determination process is performed first from the lower arm among the upper and lower arms constituting the phase bridge circuit.
- a bootstrap circuit is used as the drive circuit 5
- the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 has a power fault, After confirming that there are no faults and disconnections, each power semiconductor switching element 2 of the power converter 1 is turned on and off to check whether the phase voltage is a predetermined voltage. Inability to drive the power semiconductor switching element 2 can be determined.
- the power semiconductor switching element 2 of the power conversion device 1 is individually turned on / off and then waits for a predetermined time until the phase voltage is stabilized, it is possible to prevent erroneous determination of a drive failure during the phase voltage transition period. it can.
- the failure determination process is performed from the lower arm of the upper and lower arms constituting the phase bridge circuit, when the bootstrap circuit is used as the drive circuit 5, the bootstrap capacitor can be charged, An event in which the upper arm cannot be turned on due to insufficient charging of the capacitor can be avoided.
- FIG. FIG. 10 shows the configuration of the power conversion device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- the first switch unit 50 is a switch for connecting or blocking a current path from the internal power supply circuit 6 to the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4.
- the second switch unit 51 is a switch that connects or blocks a current path from the AC terminal of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 to the cathode potential of the DC power supply 3.
- semiconductor switches such as transistors and MOSFETs are conceivable. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted here.
- the first switch unit 50 and the second switch unit 51 are turned on before the failure determination unit 11 performs the failure determination, and turned off when the failure determination ends.
- the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and further, the first switch unit 50 and the second switch unit 51 are provided to perform the failure determination process.
- the first switch unit 50 and the second switch unit 51 are turned on only when the power conversion device 1 is turned on. There is an effect that it does not flow through the child windings and does not affect other abnormality detection circuits of the power conversion device 1.
- failure determination unit 11 performs direct current in the state where all power semiconductor switching elements 2 are in the off state and no induced voltage is generated in the armature winding of multiphase rotating electrical machine 4. If the anode potential of the power supply 3 is equal to or lower than the AC terminal voltage of the armature winding of the multiphase rotating electric machine 4, no failure determination is made.
- a circuit similar to the phase voltage detection unit 10 is added to detect the anode voltage of the DC power supply 3.
- a method of acquiring from a control unit (not shown) of the power conversion device 1 or a host controller (not shown) of the power conversion device 1 is conceivable.
- the failure determination process may be omitted, and the failure determination unit 11 generates a power fault.
- the anode potential of the DC power supply 3 does not appear in the phase voltage, so that it is possible to prevent missing a power fault.
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device 1 that supplies power to a multiphase rotating electrical machine 4 or rectifies an induced voltage from the multiphase rotating electrical machine 4, and in particular, detects a failure of the multiphase rotating electrical machine and the power conversion device. It is about.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1における電力変換装置の構成を示している。図1に示すように、電力変換装置1は、2つのパワー半導体スイッチング素子2を直列接続して上下アームを構成した相ブリッジ回路を、所定の個数(図1では3個)、並列に接続するとともに、それらの相ブリッジ回路の両端(1対の端)が充放電可能な直流電源3に接続され、それらの相ブリッジ回路を構成するパワー半導体スイッチング素子2どうしの接続点が、それぞれ、多相回転電機4の各相の電機子巻線の交流端子に接続され、内部電源回路6と直流電源3との間で、交流-直流電力変換あるいは直流-交流電力変換を行う。
内部電源回路6は、出力端6aから、所定電圧を出力する。
吐き出し型定電流回路7は、内部電源回路6の出力端6aに接続され、内部電源回路6の出力端6aから多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の任意の1つの交流端子へ定電流を流す。
逆流防止ダイオード8は、吐き出し型定電流回路7と多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の交流端子との間に接続され、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の交流端子から内部電源回路6への逆流電流を防止する。
プルダウン抵抗9は、吐き出し型定電流回路7が接続されていない多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の他の2つの交流端子を、直流電源3の陰極電位にそれぞれ接続する。
相電圧検出部10は、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の相電圧を検出する。
故障判定部11は、相電圧検出部10で検出した多相回転電機4の各相の相電圧の値に基づいて、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の天絡故障(power fault または line-to-power fault)、地絡故障(earth fault, ground fault または line-to-ground fault)、および、断線故障(open fault)を判定する。
また、地絡故障とは、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線とGND端子との間の絶縁が極度に低下して、その間がアークまたは導体によってつながることである。例えば、アース線に配線が接触する場合等が例として挙げられる。地絡故障が発生すると、多相回転電機4のすべての相電圧が、実質的に、直流電源3の陰極電位に等しくなる。ここでいう実質的とは、相電圧検出部10の検出誤差を差し引いても、多相回転電機4の相電圧が、直流電源3の陰極電位に等しいことを意味する。
断線故障とは、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の配線の一部が断線することである。断線故障が発生すると、多相回転電機のすべての相電圧が、実質的に、同電位ではなくなる。ここでいう実質的とは、相電圧検出部10の検出誤差を差し引いても、多相回転電機4のすべての相電圧が、互いに同電位であることを意味する。
また、直流電源3は、例えば、一般的に自動車用の電源として用いられている、鉛蓄電池(バッテリ)、リチウムイオン電池、あるいは、電気二重層コンデンサなどから構成される。
駆動回路5は、例えば、チャージポンプ回路あるいはブートストラップ回路による駆動電源を使ったプッシュプル型のプリドライバなどから構成される。
内部電源回路6は、例えば、DCDCコンバータや、シリーズレギュレータ、あるいは、定電圧ダイオードなどから構成される。
吐き出し型定電流回路7は、例えば、定電流ダイオード、あるいは、カレントミラー回路などのトランジスタを使った定電流回路から構成される。
相電圧検出部10は、例えば、トランジスタ、あるいは、オペアンプを使った作動増幅回路などから構成される。
Rpd > Batt(MAX)2/(P×α) ・・・(式1)
Rpd < (Vcc-Vf)/(im×n/(n-1))
・・・(式2)
図4は、本発明の実施の形態2における電力変換装置の構成を示している。図1に示した実施の形態1と比較すると、図4では、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の任意の1つの交流端子と直流電源3の陰極電位との間に吸い込み型定電流回路20が接続されている点と、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の他の2つの交流端子が、内部電源回路6の出力端6aに、プルアップ抵抗21と逆流防止ダイオード8を介して接続されている点と、図1のプルダウン抵抗9が設けられていない点が異なる。他の構成および動作は、図1と同じであるため、ここでは説明を省略する。
icd = VL/RL+im×n ・・・(式3)
Rpu < (Vcc-Vf)/icd ・・・(式4)
Rpu < (P×α)/icd2 ・・・(式5)
図5は、本発明の実施の形態3における電力変換装置の構成を示している。図1に示した実施の形態1と比較すると、プルダウン抵抗9の任意の1つと直列に吸い込み型定電流回路20が接続されている点が異なる。他の構成および動作については、実施の形態1と同じであるため、ここでは説明を省略する。
Rpd1 = (Rpdn×icu-Vu)/(Rpdn×Vu)
・・・(式6)
Rpd1 < Batt(MIN)/icd - RL ・・・(式7)
Rpd1 = Vu/icd ・・・(式8)
図6は、本発明の実施の形態4における電力変換装置の構成を示している。図1に示す実施の形態1と比較すると、図6においては、内部電源回路6の出力電圧よりも小さい電圧を出力する第2の内部電源回路40が追加されている点と、プルダウン抵抗9が多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の交流端子と第2の内部電源回路40の出力端40aとを接続している点とが異なる。他の構成および動作については、図1と同じである。
上述した実施の形態1~4では、故障判定部11を使って、電力変換装置1のパワー半導体スイッチング素子2の短絡故障を含む、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の天絡故障、地絡故障、断線故障を判定する方法について説明してきた。本実施の形態では、図2または図8のフローチャートに従って故障判定部11により多相回転電機4に故障が無いことを確認した後、さらに、図9Aおよび図9Bのフローチャートに従って電力変換装置1のパワー半導体スイッチング素子2の駆動不能を判定する方法について説明する。パワー半導体スイッチング素子2の駆動不能としては、パワー半導体スイッチング素子2がオンできない故障と、パワー半導体スイッチング素子2がオフできない故障とが含まれる。
Tm ≧ -τ×ln(1-β)
ここで、τ=Lm/Rpd・・・(式9)
すなわち、β=0.95とした場合、所定時間Tmは時定数τの3倍ほど必要となる。
Tm ≧ -(Lm+2×Lp)/Rpd×ln(1-β)・・・(式10)
図10は、本発明の実施の形態6における電力変換装置の構成を示している。図1に示した実施の形態1と比較すると、図10においては、第1のスイッチ部50と、2つの第2のスイッチ部51とが、追加されている点が異なる。第1のスイッチ部50は、内部電源回路6から多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の交流端子への電流経路を接続または遮断するスイッチである。第2のスイッチ部51は、多相回転電機4の電機子巻線の交流端子から直流電源3の陰極電位への電流経路を接続または遮断するスイッチである。第1のスイッチ部50および第2のスイッチ部51の具体的な構成としては、例えば、トランジスタやMOSFETなどの半導体スイッチが考えられる。他の構成および動作については、実施の形態1と同じであるため、ここでは、その説明を省略する。
Claims (17)
- パワー半導体スイッチング素子を直列接続して上下アームを構成した相ブリッジ回路を複数個並列接続すると共に、前記相ブリッジ回路の両端が充放電可能な直流電源に接続され、前記相ブリッジ回路の上下アームの前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子どうしの接続点が多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子に接続され、交流-直流電力変換あるいは直流-交流電力変換を行う電力変換装置であって、
内部電源回路と、
前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子をオンまたはオフする駆動回路と、
前記内部電源回路の出力端と前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子の1つとを接続して、前記内部電源回路の出力端から前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の当該交流端子へ定電流を流す吐き出し型定電流回路と、
前記吐き出し型定電流回路に直列接続され、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子から前記内部電源回路への逆流電流を防止する逆流防止ダイオードと、
前記吐き出し型定電流回路が接続されていない前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の他の交流端子を前記直流電源の陰極電位に接続するプルダウン抵抗と、
前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の相電圧を検出する相電圧検出部と、
前記相電圧検出部が検出する各相の相電圧をもとに前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の天絡故障、地絡故障、および、断線故障を判定する故障判定部と
を備え、
前記故障判定部は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がすべてオフ状態で、かつ、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線に誘起電圧が発生していない状態において、すべての相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陽極電位に等しいときは天絡故障と判定し、すべての相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陰極電位に等しいときは地絡故障と判定し、すべての相電圧が実質的に同電位でなければ断線故障と判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 前記内部電源回路の出力電圧は、前記電力変換装置が正常に動作する前記直流電源の電圧変動範囲の最小値より小さく設定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記逆流防止ダイオードに直列に接続され、前記内部電源回路の出力電圧と前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の相電圧との電位差を拡大させる定電圧部をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記定電圧部は、定電圧ダイオードから構成されることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記定電圧部は、少なくとも1つ以上のダイオードから構成され、前記ダイオードのアノードが前記内部電源回路の出力端に直列接続されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電力変換装置。
- パワー半導体スイッチング素子を直列接続して上下アームを構成した相ブリッジ回路を複数個並列接続すると共に、前記相ブリッジ回路の両端が充放電可能な直流電源に接続され、前記相ブリッジ回路の上下アームの前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子どうしの接続点が多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子に接続され、交流-直流電力変換あるいは直流-交流電力変換を行う電力変換装置であって、
内部電源回路と、
前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子をオンまたはオフする駆動回路と、
前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子の1つを前記直流電源の陰極電位へ接続して、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の当該交流端子から前記直流電源の陰極電位へ定電流を流す吸い込み型定電流回路と、
前記吸い込み型定電流回路が接続されていない前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の他の交流端子を前記内部電源回路の出力端に接続するプルアップ抵抗と、
前記プルアップ抵抗に直列接続され、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子から前記内部電源回路への逆流電流を防止する逆流防止ダイオードと、
前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の相電圧を検出する相電圧検出部と、
前記相電圧検出部が検出する各相の相電圧をもとに前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の天絡故障、地絡故障、および、断線故障を判定する故障判定部と
を備え、
前記故障判定部は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がすべてオフ状態で、かつ、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線に誘起電圧が発生していない状態において、すべての相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陽極電位に等しいときは天絡故障と判定し、すべての相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陰極電位に等しいときは地絡故障と判定し、すべての相電圧が実質的に同電位でなければ断線故障と判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - パワー半導体スイッチング素子を直列接続して上下アームを構成した相ブリッジ回路を複数個並列接続すると共に、前記相ブリッジ回路の両端が充放電可能な直流電源に接続され、前記相ブリッジ回路の上下アームの前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子どうしの接続点が多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子に接続され、交流-直流電力変換あるいは直流-交流電力変換を行う電力変換装置であって、
内部電源回路と、
前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子をオンまたはオフする駆動回路と、
前記内部電源回路の出力端と前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子とを接続して、前記内部電源回路の出力端から前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子の1つへ定電流を流す吐き出し型定電流回路と、
前記吐き出し型定電流回路に直列接続され、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子から前記内部電源回路への逆流電流を防止する逆流防止ダイオードと、
前記吐き出し型定電流回路が接続されていない前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の他の交流端子を前記直流電源の陰極電位に接続するプルダウン抵抗と、
前記プルダウン抵抗の1つに直列接続され、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子から前記直流電源の陰極電位へ定電流を流す吸い込み型定電流回路と、
前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の相電圧を検出する相電圧検出部と、
前記相電圧検出部が検出する各相の相電圧をもとに前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の天絡故障、地絡故障、および、断線故障を判定する故障判定部と
を備え、
前記故障判定部は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がすべてオフ状態で、かつ、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線に誘起電圧が発生していない状態において、すべての相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陽極電位に等しいときは天絡故障と判定し、すべての相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陰極電位に等しいときは地絡故障と判定し、すべての相電圧が実質的に同電位でなければ断線故障と判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 前記内部電源回路の出力電圧よりも小さい電圧を出力する第2の内部電源回路をさらに備え、
前記直流電源の陰極電位に接続されている前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子は、前記プルダウン抵抗を介して前記第2の内部電源回路の出力端に接続され、
前記故障判定部は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がすべてオフ状態で、かつ、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線に誘起電圧が発生していない状態において、相電圧が前記内部電源回路の出力電圧および前記第2の内部電源回路の出力電圧のいずれか一方に等しいときは、当該相が断線していると判定し、相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陽極電位に等しいときは天絡故障と判定し、相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陰極電位に等しいときは地絡故障と判定する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~5および7のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記内部電源回路の出力電圧よりも小さい電圧を出力する第2の内部電源回路をさらに備え、
前記直流電源の陰極電位に接続されている前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子は、前記吸い込み型定電流回路を介して前記第2の内部電源回路の出力端に接続され、
前記故障判定部は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がすべてオフ状態で、かつ、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線に誘起電圧が発生していない状態において、相電圧が前記内部電源回路の出力電圧および前記第2の内部電源回路の出力電圧のいずれか一方に等しいときは当該相が断線していると判定し、相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陽極電位に等しいときは天絡故障と判定し、相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陰極電位に等しいときは地絡故障と判定する
ことを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記故障判定部は、前記多相回転電機に天絡故障、地絡故障、および、断線故障がないと判定した後、前記駆動回路を介して前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子を個別にオンオフし、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子が接続されている前記多相回転電機の交流端子の相電圧をもとに、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子が上アームを構成する場合は前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子をオンしたときの相電圧が前記直流電源の陽極電位未満であれば当該パワー半導体スイッチング素子が駆動不能であると判定し、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子が下アームを構成する場合は前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子をオンしたときの相電圧が前記直流電源の陰極電位よりも高ければ当該パワー半導体スイッチング素子が駆動不能であると判定することを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記故障判定部は、前記直流電源から前記電力変換装置への配線インダクタンスと前記プルダウン抵抗の抵抗値とで定まるLR回路の時定数に基づいて、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子をオンしてから、前記多相回転電機の交流端子の相電圧を測定するまでの待ち時間を規定することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記故障判定部は、下アームを構成する前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子を先にオンオフして駆動不能の故障判定を行い、その後に、上アームを構成する前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子をオンオフして駆動不能の故障判定を行うことを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記内部電源回路から前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子への電流経路を接続または遮断する第1のスイッチ部と、
前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子から前記直流電源の陰極電位への電流経路を接続または遮断する第2のスイッチ部と
をさらに備え、
前記第1のスイッチ部および前記第2のスイッチ部は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がすべてオフ状態で、かつ、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線に誘起電圧が発生していない状態において、電流経路を接続する
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記プルダウン抵抗の抵抗値は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がオフ状態において前記駆動回路から前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子へ流れる漏れ電流と、前記内部電源回路の出力電圧とに基づいて、設定されることを特徴とする請求項1~5,7,8のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記吸い込み型定電流回路の定電流値は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がオフ状態において、前記駆動回路から前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子へ流れる漏れ電流よりも大きく設定することを特徴とする請求項6,7,9のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記故障判定部は、前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がすべてオフ状態で、かつ、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線に誘起電圧が発生していない状態において、前記直流電源の陽極電位が前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子電圧以下ならば、故障判定をしない
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし15のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - パワー半導体スイッチング素子を直列接続して上下アームを構成した相ブリッジ回路を複数個並列接続すると共に、前記相ブリッジ回路の両端が充放電可能な直流電源に接続され、前記相ブリッジ回路の上下アームの前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子どうしの接続点が多相回転電機の電機子巻線の交流端子に接続され、交流-直流電力変換あるいは直流-交流電力変換を行う電力変換装置の故障診断方法であって、
前記パワー半導体スイッチング素子がすべてオフ状態で、かつ、前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線に誘起電圧が発生していない状態において、内部電源回路により、多相回転電機の電機子巻線に微小電流を流すステップと、
前記多相回転電機の電機子巻線の相電圧を検出するステップと、
検出した前記相電圧に基づいて、すべての相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陽極電位に等しいか否かを判定し、等しいときは天絡故障と判定するステップと、
検出した前記相電圧に基づいて、すべての相電圧が実質的に前記直流電源の陰極電位に等しいか否かを判定し、等しいときは地絡故障と判定するステップと、
検出した前記相電圧に基づいて、すべての相電圧が実質的に同電位であるか否かを判定し、同電位でなければ断線故障と判定するステップと、
前記天絡故障、前記地絡故障、および、前記断線故障のいずれでもない場合に、故障無しと判定するステップと
を備えたことを特徴とする電力変換装置の故障診断方法。
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WO2016189578A1 (ja) * | 2015-05-22 | 2016-12-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 通信装置、及び電力変換装置 |
JPWO2016189578A1 (ja) * | 2015-05-22 | 2017-08-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 通信装置、及び電力変換装置 |
US10496576B2 (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2019-12-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Communication apparatus |
WO2022019038A1 (ja) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-01-27 | 株式会社デンソー | 電力変換器の制御回路 |
JP2022021225A (ja) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-02-02 | 株式会社デンソー | 電力変換器の制御回路 |
JP7318605B2 (ja) | 2020-07-21 | 2023-08-01 | 株式会社デンソー | 電力変換器の制御回路 |
JP2023046477A (ja) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-04-05 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置およびその駆動方法 |
WO2024135346A1 (ja) * | 2022-12-19 | 2024-06-27 | ローム株式会社 | モータ駆動装置、モータシステム、および車両 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2014068752A1 (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
EP2916448A4 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
EP2916448B1 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
US9793835B2 (en) | 2017-10-17 |
CN104756393B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
US20150280623A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
US9564841B2 (en) | 2017-02-07 |
CN104756393A (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
US20170093311A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 |
EP2916448A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
JP5823057B2 (ja) | 2015-11-25 |
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