WO2014050814A1 - ビス(パーフルオロアルキルスルホニル)メチル基を含む化合物および塩の製造方法、それを用いた固体電解質膜 - Google Patents
ビス(パーフルオロアルキルスルホニル)メチル基を含む化合物および塩の製造方法、それを用いた固体電解質膜 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C315/00—Preparation of sulfones; Preparation of sulfoxides
- C07C315/04—Preparation of sulfones; Preparation of sulfoxides by reactions not involving the formation of sulfone or sulfoxide groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/16—Organic material
- B01J39/18—Macromolecular compounds
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- C07C317/02—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C317/04—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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- C07C317/06—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton containing rings
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- C07C317/10—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton containing rings
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- C08F132/00—Homopolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system
- C08F132/08—Homopolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having condensed rings
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- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/02—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes
- C08G61/04—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms
- C08G61/06—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms prepared by ring-opening of carbocyclic compounds
- C08G61/08—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms prepared by ring-opening of carbocyclic compounds of carbocyclic compounds containing one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in the ring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04197—Preventing means for fuel crossover
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1027—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having carbon, oxygen and other atoms, e.g. sulfonated polyethersulfones [S-PES]
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1032—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2602/00—Systems containing two condensed rings
- C07C2602/36—Systems containing two condensed rings the rings having more than two atoms in common
- C07C2602/42—Systems containing two condensed rings the rings having more than two atoms in common the bicyclo ring system containing seven carbon atoms
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
- C08G2261/14—Side-groups
- C08G2261/145—Side-chains containing sulfur
- C08G2261/1452—Side-chains containing sulfur containing sulfonyl or sulfonate-groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
- C08G2261/14—Side-groups
- C08G2261/146—Side-chains containing halogens
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- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/40—Polymerisation processes
- C08G2261/41—Organometallic coupling reactions
- C08G2261/418—Ring opening metathesis polymerisation [ROMP]
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- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
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- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a compound and salt containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group (—CH 2 CH (SO 2 R f ) 2 : R f represents a perfluoroalkyl group), and a solid using the same
- the present invention relates to an electrolyte membrane.
- a perfluoroalkanesulfonyl group (—SO 2 R f ) is known as one of the strongest electron withdrawing groups.
- H is dissociated because the perfluoroalkanesulfonyl moiety shows a strong electron withdrawing property. It is easy to do and shows high acidity.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group is introduced into an aromatic compound for the purpose of obtaining an acid catalyst.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a phenolic compound having a bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl group as an acid catalyst that can reduce waste in the synthesis and also has no corrosion and toxicity of the reactor.
- an aromatic compound containing a bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl group 1,1,3,3-tetrakis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) propane ((CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 CHCH 2 CH (SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) is used to introduce a bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl group into an aromatic phenol derivative or an aromatic amine derivative.
- This reaction utilizes highly active bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethylene ((CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 CHCH 2 ) generated from 1,1,3,3-tetrakis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) propane in the reaction system.
- highly active bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethylene (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 CHCH 2 ) generated from 1,1,3,3-tetrakis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) propane in the reaction system.
- 1,1,3,3-tetrakis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) propane uses 2 equivalents of bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) methane and has the trouble of separately synthesizing the compound, and bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) )
- bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ) When ethylene is generated, there is a problem that an equal amount of bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) methane is by-produced and is not efficient.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a general formula (RCH (SO 2 R f ) (SO 2 R f ′)) (R is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R f and R f ′ are polymer-supported catalysts.
- a polymer-supported arylbis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) methane represented by the formula (1) represents a perfluoroalkyl group independently of each other.
- the polymer-supported arylbis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) methane efficiently performs a reaction that proceeds with a Bronsted acid or Lewis acid catalyst, for example, facilitates a benzoylation reaction of an alcohol, and recovers the catalyst. It also facilitates reuse.
- Patent Document 7 describes that polymer-supported arylbis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) methane is non-toxic and can be used as an excellent solid acid catalyst from the environmental aspect.
- the raw material compound is limited to a highly active aryl halide, such as trifluoromethanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride that is susceptible to hydrolysis, and the like.
- a highly active aryl halide such as trifluoromethanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride that is susceptible to hydrolysis, and the like.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Compared to the introduction of such a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group into an aromatic compound, there are few reports mentioned regarding the introduction of a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group into an aliphatic compound, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 or Non-Patent Document 2 is often found.
- Non-Patent Document 1 includes octanol (C 8 H 17 OH), trifluoromethanesulfinyl chloride (CF 3 SOCl), and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride ((CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 O) as starting compounds, A process for the preparation of 1-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) octane is described. However, a multi-step reaction that takes time and effort to control the reaction is performed using an uncommon active reagent, and there is a problem that 1,1-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) octane cannot be obtained in a high yield.
- Non-Patent Document 2 discloses that a Grignard reagent prepared from bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) methane and methylmagnesium chloride is reacted with epoxide to extend the alkyl side chain, and bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) to an aliphatic epoxide compound. ) A method for introducing a methyl group is described. However, since epoxides which are not common and have high decomposability are used as raw material compounds, the dehydrating conditions when using the Grignard reagent are limited, and it is difficult to say that they are practical.
- a compound containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group has high acidity and exhibits hydrophobicity and is useful as an acid catalyst.
- the production of a compound containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group is not easy to synthesize the raw material compound, requires a multi-step reaction, and the compound (reaction reagent) to be reacted with the raw material compound is unstable and excessive. There was a problem such as having to be used.
- US Pat. Nos. 3 to 5 disclose a method for producing a bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethylene derivative by a condensation reaction between bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) methane and an aldehyde derivative.
- the raw material compound in the production method is an aromatic aldehyde, conjugated aldehyde, acetaldehyde or paraformaldehyde, and the following bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) ethylene compound is synthesized.
- a resin membrane containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group (—CH (SO 2 R f ) 2 ) is used as a solid electrolyte of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (hereinafter sometimes referred to as PEFC). It is known to be useful as a membrane.
- the polymer electrolyte fuel cell uses an ion exchange resin membrane (solid electrolyte membrane) as an electrolyte.
- solid polymer fuel cells direct Methanol Fuel Cell, sometimes referred to as DMFC
- direct methanol fuel cells use methanol as the fuel instead of hydrogen and directly react it with electrodes. Generate electricity.
- DMFC Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
- methanol is added to the anode electrode by the catalyst. It reacts directly with water and is converted to protons, electrons, and carbon dioxide.
- a resin having a sulfonic acid group is used for the solid electrolyte membrane, but water is strongly retained in the membrane due to the strong hydrophilicity of the sulfonic acid group, so that the diffusion of methanol is promoted and the methanol permeability is high. Become.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a solid electrolyte membrane having a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group introduced as a solid electrolyte membrane having both high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability for suppressing the methanol crossover phenomenon. It is disclosed. High proton conductivity by introducing a polyether structure that coordinates with water by van der Waals force in a repeating unit containing bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group, which is a strongly hydrophobic acidic group, as an acidic group And low methanol permeability.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a production method for producing a compound containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group by a simple synthesis reaction.
- the present invention relates to bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl having both high proton conductivity used in solid polymer fuel cells, particularly direct methanol fuel cells, and hydrophobicity that suppresses the methanol crossover phenomenon.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a solid electrolyte membrane containing a group.
- the present inventors have obtained a production method for obtaining a compound containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group in a high yield by a simple synthesis reaction, and a novel bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl). A compound containing a methyl group was obtained.
- a norbornene compound containing a novel bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group can be derived into a solid electrolyte membrane having a norbornane structure.
- the present invention includes inventions 1 to 11.
- [Invention 1] The compound represented by the general formula (1) is dehydrated and condensed with the aldehyde compound represented by the general formula (2) or the acetal compound represented by the general formula (3), and then represented by the general formula (4).
- the manufacturing method of the compound represented by General formula (5) reduced using a hydrosilane compound.
- R f is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- A is a monovalent organic group
- Y is a single bond, a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- part or all of the hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms;
- Y is a monovalent organic group, Y is a single bond, a linear chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, and the alkylene group
- a part or all of the hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- R 3 to R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 6 to 8
- each R 16 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a nitro group, a sulfonic acid group, a cyano group, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a carbon number A branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group are fluorine atoms May be substituted with a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond
- [Invention 3] The compound represented by General formula (5).
- A is a monovalent organic group represented by General formula (7), General formula (8), General formula (10), or General formula (11)).
- R 9 to R 15 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- X is CH 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 or an oxygen atom.
- R 17 represents a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or 6 to 12 carbon atoms. In which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
- R 18 and R 19 are each independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. And a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom. R 17 to R 19 may combine to form a ring structure.
- each R 20 independently represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a nitro group, a sulfonic acid group, a cyano group, a straight chain having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a branched chain or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group are a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- a part of carbon atoms may be substituted with a sulfur atom, or may contain a carbonyl group or a sulfonyl group.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 2
- p represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- R f is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Y is a single bond, a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, and the alkylene group is a part or all of hydrogen atoms.
- the atom may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- R f and A are monovalent organic groups
- Y is a single bond, a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic structure having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the alkylene group may be partially or entirely substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- M is an alkali metal ion or an ammonium ion.
- each R 16 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a nitro group, a sulfonic acid group, a cyano group, or a carbon number of 1 ⁇ 12 straight chain, C3-C12 branched chain or charcoal
- a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and a part or all of hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group are a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
- l is an integer
- A is a monovalent organic group represented by General Formula (7), General Formula (8), General Formula (10), or General Formula (11)).
- R 9 to R 15 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- X is CH 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 or an oxygen atom.
- R 17 represents a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or 6 to 12 carbon atoms. In which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
- R 18 and R 19 are each independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. And a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom. R 17 to R 19 may combine to form a ring structure.
- each R 20 independently represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a nitro group, a sulfonic acid group, a cyano group, a straight chain having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a branched chain or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group are a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 2
- p represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- M is an alkali metal ion or an ammonium ion.
- R f is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 13 to R 15 are each independently a hydrogen atom, 12 linear, branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group or a part of the aryl group or All hydrogen atoms may be substituted with fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, bromine atoms or iodine atoms, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond, where X is CH 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 or oxygen Y is an atom, a single bond, a linear chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Part or all of the hydrogen atoms are fluorine
- a solid polymer fuel cell particularly a direct methanol fuel cell is used.
- a solid electrolyte membrane having both high proton conductivity used in the present invention and hydrophobicity for suppressing the crossover phenomenon of methanol was provided.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a compound and salt containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group, and a solid electrolyte membrane using the same. I will explain in order.
- the method for producing a compound containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group of the present invention includes the first and second aspects of the invention.
- the present invention relates to bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methane, which is the compound (1) represented by the general formula (1), represented by the following reaction pathway, to the aldehyde compound (2) represented by the general formula (2) or
- the acetal compound (3) represented by the general formula (3) is subjected to a dehydration condensation reaction and then subjected to a reduction reaction using the hydrosilane compound (4) represented by the general formula (4).
- This is a method for producing a compound (5) having a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group.
- the bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) ethylene compound (13) represented by the general formula (13) includes the bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methane compound (1) represented by the general formula (1) and the general formula (2). It is obtained by dehydration condensation reaction with the aldehyde compound (2) represented or the acetal compound (3) represented by the general formula (3).
- the bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) ethylene compound (13) obtained by the general formula (13) is an unstable compound, is easily hydrolyzed, does not easily proceed, and is difficult to isolate from within the reaction system.
- the method for producing a compound (5) containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group which is a compound represented by the general formula (5) of the present invention, comprises a bis (perfluoroalkane) obtained by an unstable general formula (13) Without isolating the sulfonyl) ethylene compound (13) outside the reaction system, the hydrosilane compound (4) represented by the general formula (4) is added to the reaction system and reduced under mild conditions.
- the stable bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl compound (5) represented by the formula (5) can be synthesized, and the operation is simple.
- R f contained in the compounds (1), (5) and (13) shown in the reaction pathway is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R f include a trifluoromethyl group, a pentafluoroethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, a perfluorooctyl group, and a perfluorododecyl group.
- a trifluoromethyl group, a perfluorobutyl group or a perfluorooctyl group is preferable.
- R 1 and R 2 in the compound (3) are each independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 1 and R 2 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, i-pentyl group, n- Hexyl group, i-hexyl group, n-heptyl, n-octyl group, i-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-dodecyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, An adamantylmethyl group or a 2-norbornylmethyl group can be exemplified. A methyl group, an ethyl group or an i-propyl group is preferred.
- R 3 to R 5 in the compound (4) are each independently a hydrogen atom, a linear chain having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms, Or an aryl group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group examples include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, i-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, Examples thereof include i-hexyl group, n-heptyl, n-octyl group, i-octyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group and cyclohexyl group.
- aryl group include a phenyl group and a toluyl group. A methyl group, an ethyl group, an i-propyl group or a phenyl group is preferable.
- Some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- the organic group A is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, or an aryl group, and some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these groups may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom.
- the organic group A is a monovalent compound represented by general formula (6), general formula (7), general formula (8) or general formula (9) in compound (2), compound (3) and compound (5).
- An organic group is preferred.
- R 6 to R 15 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group examples include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, i-pentyl group, and n-hexyl group.
- aryl group examples include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, and a 1-phenanthryl group.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group, a 2-norbornylmethyl group, or a phenyl group is preferable.
- a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- X is preferably CH 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 or an oxygen atom.
- these groups are general, and heteroatoms other than oxygen atoms may inhibit the aforementioned reaction.
- each R 16 independently represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a nitro group, a sulfonic acid group, a cyano group, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or 3 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include -12 branched or cyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or aryl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group examples include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, i-pentyl group, and n-hexyl group.
- aryl group include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, and a 1-phenanthryl group.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group or a phenyl group is preferable.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, and include an ether bond, an ester bond, or a sulfonyl group. Also good.
- l represents an arbitrary integer of 0 to 2
- m represents an arbitrary integer of 0 to 5.
- Y is a single bond, a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or 3 to 3 carbon atoms. 4 cyclic alkylene groups.
- alkylene group examples include a methylene group, an ethylene group, an n-propylene group, an i-propylene group, an n-butylene group, a cyclopropylene group, and a cyclobutylene group.
- a methylene group or an ethylene group is preferable.
- part or all of the hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- the following compounds can be illustrated as a compound (2).
- the following compounds are preferable.
- the following compounds can be illustrated as a compound (3).
- the following compounds are preferable.
- the following compounds can be illustrated as a compound (4).
- the following compounds are preferable.
- the synthesis reaction can be carried out in the presence of a solvent.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not participate in the reaction, and is saturated hydrocarbon n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane or n-octane, aromatic hydrocarbon benzene, toluene or xylene.
- the solvent include acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA).
- the reaction temperature is preferably 0 ° C. to 120 ° C., and can be appropriately adjusted within the above temperature range according to the boiling point of the reaction solvent and according to the progress of the reaction.
- the purification method of the compound (5) may be a normal organic synthesis purification method such as recrystallization, distillation or column chromatography. By these means, the compound (5) can be obtained. Among these methods, distillation is easily employed because the compound (5) can be easily obtained with high purity and high yield. Therefore, the distillation method is preferably employed, and when the compound (5) is produced on an industrial scale. It can preferably be employed.
- the distillation can be carried out at normal pressure (0.1 MPa), but is preferably performed under reduced pressure. Distillation can be performed at relatively low temperatures when performed under reduced pressure conditions. Further, a distillation column made of glass, stainless steel, a tetrafluoroethylene resin, a chlorotrifluoroethylene resin, a vinylidene fluoride resin, a PFA resin, glass, or the like can be used. A filler may be packed in the distillation column.
- a synthetic reaction may be performed using the aldehyde compound (2) and the acetal compound (3) at the same time.
- one of the aldehyde compound (2) and the acetal compound (3) is used from the viewpoint of obtaining the compound (5) in a high yield as a single compound, ease of reaction, ease of purification operation, and the like. It is preferable to carry out a synthesis reaction of compound (5).
- novel compound having a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group in the present invention is as described in Invention 3 above.
- A is a monovalent organic group.
- A is preferably a monovalent organic group represented by General Formula (7), General Formula (8), General Formula (10), or General Formula (11).
- R 9 to R 15 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a cyclic alkyl group or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is represented.
- a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms is specifically a methyl group, an ethyl group, n -Propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, i-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, i-hexyl group, n-heptyl, n-octyl group, i- Examples include octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-dodecyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, adamantylmethyl group, 2-norbornylme and the
- aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, and a 1-phenanthryl group.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group or a phenyl group is preferred.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, and may include an ether bond or an ester bond.
- X is CH 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 or an oxygen atom.
- R 17 represents a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 18 and R 19 are each independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or carbon It is an aryl group of formula 6-12.
- R 17 to R 19 may be bonded to form a ring structure.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
- each R 20 independently represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, a nitro group, a sulfonic acid group, a cyano group, a straight chain having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- straight chain alkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms include an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, an n-hexyl group, an n-heptyl group, and an n-octyl group. , N-nonyl group, n-decyl group or n-dodecyl group. Preferably, they are an ethyl group, n-propyl group or n-butyl group.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, and some of the carbon atoms are substituted with sulfur atoms. Or may contain a carbonyl group or a sulfonyl group.
- n represents an arbitrary integer of 0 to 2
- p represents an arbitrary integer of 1 to 5.
- Y is a single bond, a linear chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- linear, branched, or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a methylene group, an ethylene group, an n-propylene group, i Examples include a -propylene group, n-butylene group, cyclopropylene group, and cyclobutylene group.
- a methylene group or an ethylene group is preferable.
- part or all of the hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- the compound (5) is specifically exemplified below.
- the following compounds are preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (5) is useful as an acid catalyst because it has high acidity due to a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group. Since the compound represented by the general formula (5) is soluble in various solvents, it can be used as an acid catalyst in various organic synthesis reactions. In addition, the compound represented by the general formula (5) is acidic, but the nucleophilicity of the conjugate base is low, so that it does not easily cause a decomposition reaction and is easily separated from the target compound after the reaction.
- the compound having a polymerizable group represented by the general formula (7) or the general formula (8) can be homopolymerized or copolymerized with an acrylic monomer or the like. It is.
- Salt (12) can be obtained by neutralizing compound (5) with an alkali metal salt or an amine compound.
- the neutralization reaction is not particularly limited, and a known method can be applied.
- an equivalent amount of an alkali metal salt for example, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate
- the reaction proceeds by reacting an amine compound (methylamine, ethylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine) in water and an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent to be used is not limited as long as the generated salt dissolves, and benzene, toluene as a hydrocarbon solvent, dichloromethane, chloroform as a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, methyl ethyl ketone as a ketone solvent.
- These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination.
- the amount of the organic solvent to be used is not particularly limited, but is usually 20 to 500 parts by mass, more preferably 100 to 300 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the compound (5).
- the neutralization reaction can be carried out at a temperature not lower than 0 ° C. and not higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent, and can be carried out under atmospheric pressure or under pressure.
- the salt which is the target product, is dissolved in water, and then the aqueous layer is separated or the organic solvent is removed to obtain the salt.
- the organic solvent can be removed by heating to a boiling point or higher of the organic solvent under atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure.
- novel salt having a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group in the present invention is as described in Invention 6 above.
- the salt represented by the general formula (12) in Invention 6 is an alkali metal salt or an ammonium compound.
- R 9 to R 15 specific examples of a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include a methyl group and an ethyl group.
- aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms examples include phenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthryl group and 1-phenanthryl group. Preferably, they are a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a phenyl group.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, and may include an ether bond or an ester bond.
- X is CH 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 or an oxygen atom.
- R 17 represents a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 18 and R 19 are each independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or carbon It is an aryl group of formula 6-12.
- R 17 to R 19 may be bonded to form a ring structure.
- the specific structure of the alkyl group or aryl group is the same as R 9 to R 15 in the organic groups (7) and (8).
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
- each R 20 independently represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a nitro group, a sulfonic acid group, a cyano group, a straight chain having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a linear alkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is specifically an ethyl group, n-propyl group, n-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, Examples thereof include n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group and n-dodecyl group.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, and some of the carbon atoms are substituted with sulfur atoms. Or may contain a carbonyl group or a sulfonyl group.
- R 11 s represents an arbitrary integer of 0 to 2
- m represents an arbitrary integer of 1 to 5.
- Y is a single bond, a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- a linear alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms is specifically a methylene group, an ethylene group, or an n-propylene group. , I-propylene group, n-butylene group, cyclopropylene group or cyclobutylene group.
- part or all of the hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- M is an alkali metal ion or an ammonium ion.
- alkali metal ions in M include lithium ions, sodium ions, potassium ions, and cesium ions. Lithium ion, sodium ion or potassium ion is preferable.
- ammonium ions among M include methylammonium ions, ethylammonium ions, dimethylammonium ions, diethylammonium ions, trimethylammonium ions, and triethylammonium ions.
- Preferred are diethylammonium ion, trimethylammonium ion or triethylammonium ion.
- the above salt has a low nucleophilicity of bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl anion, and when used as an electrolyte, it hardly causes a reaction with a solvent or a solute. Moreover, since it is soluble in various organic solvents, it is useful as a component of an electrolyte solution.
- a solid electrolyte membrane comprising a polymer having a repeating unit containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group.
- the solid electrolyte membrane containing a polymer having a repeating unit containing a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group in the present invention is as shown in the invention 7.
- the solid electrolyte membrane of the present invention includes a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group represented by any one of general formulas (8-A), (8-B), and (8-C) and a norbornene skeleton. It consists of a high molecular compound which has a repeating unit which has these.
- R 13 to R 15 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a straight chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or carbon A cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i- Propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, i-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, i-hexyl group, n-heptyl, n-octyl group, i-octyl group, n-nonyl Examples thereof include a group, n-decyl group, n-dodecyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, adamantylmethyl group and 2-norbornylmethyl group.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, and a 1-phenanthryl group.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group or a phenyl group is preferable.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group or aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, and may include an ether bond or an ester bond.
- X is CH 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 or an oxygen atom.
- Y is a single bond, a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms. It is.
- Y include a linear alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched chain group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, and a cyclic alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- part or all of the hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and may contain an ether bond or an ester bond.
- the polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formulas (8-A) to (8-C) is a polymer having a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl moiety represented by the general formula (15) and a norbornene skeleton. It is a polymer obtained by polymerizing the compound (15).
- R f , R 13 to R 15 , X, and Y are as defined in the formulas (8-A) to (8-C).
- BTSE-NB polymerizable compound
- BTSE-NB is a preferred raw material compound for obtaining the solid electrolyte membrane of the present invention, which can be synthesized from commercially available 2-norbornenecarboxaldehyde.
- the polymerization method for obtaining a polymer from the polymerizable compound (15) of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used method, but radical polymerization or transition metal polymerization reaction such as vinylene polymerization and Ring-opening metathesis polymerization is preferred, and ionic polymerization, coordination anionic polymerization, living anionic polymerization, or cationic polymerization can be employed.
- the radical polymerization is selected from batch, semi-continuous or continuous by a known polymerization method selected from bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator or radical initiator. Perform by operation.
- the radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include azo compounds, peroxide compounds, and redox compounds.
- the Azobisisobutyronitrile, t-butyl peroxypivalate, benzoyl peroxide or hydrogen peroxide is preferred.
- the reaction vessel used for the polymerization reaction is not particularly limited.
- a polymerization solvent may be used.
- a polymerization solvent in the polymerization reaction for obtaining a resin that is an active ingredient of the solid electrolyte membrane of the present invention those that do not inhibit radical polymerization are preferable.
- Ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ketone solvents that are ester solvents examples thereof include acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, cyclohexane, alcohol solvent solvents such as methanol, isopropyl alcohol, and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. It is also possible to use water, ether series, cyclic ether series, chlorofluorocarbon series, or aromatic series. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, a molecular weight modifier such as mercaptan may be used.
- the reaction temperature of the copolymerization reaction is appropriately selected depending on the radical polymerization initiator or radical polymerization initiator, and is within the range of 20 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower. More preferably, it is in the range of 30 ° C. or higher and 140 ° C. or lower.
- vinylene polymerization is carried out by using a group VIII transition metal catalyst such as iron, nickel, rhodium, palladium or platinum, a group IVB to VIB metal catalyst selected from zirconium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten.
- a group VIII transition metal catalyst such as iron, nickel, rhodium, palladium or platinum
- a group IVB to VIB metal catalyst selected from zirconium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten.
- a known method may be used in the presence of a solvent.
- the polymerization catalyst is not particularly limited, but in the polymerization reaction for obtaining the resin represented by the general formula (8-A) of the present invention, in particular, iron (II) chloride, iron (III) chloride, iron (II) bromide.
- the amount of catalyst is 0.001 mol% or more and 10 mol% or less, preferably 0.01 mol% or more and 1 mol% or less, based on the polymerizable compound used.
- Examples of the cocatalyst include alkylaluminoxane or alkylaluminum.
- methylaluminoxane MAO
- trimethylaluminum triethyl Aluminum
- tripropylaluminum triisopropylaluminum
- triisobutylaluminum tri-2-methylbutylaluminum, tri-3-methylbutylaluminum
- tri-2-methylpentylaluminum tri-3-methylpentylaluminum
- tri-4- Trialkylaluminums such as methylpentylaluminum, tri-2-methylhexylaluminum, tri-3-methylhexylaluminum
- trioctylaluminum dimethylaluminum chloride , Diethylaluminum chloride, diisopropylaluminum chloride, or diisobutylaluminum chloride, methylaluminum dichloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, ethyla
- the amount of cocatalyst is 50 equivalents or more and 500 equivalents or less in terms of Al in the case of methylaluminoxane, and in the case of other alkylaluminums, it is in a range of 100 equivalents or less, preferably 30 equivalents or less, in molar ratio to the transition metal catalyst.
- the polymerization solvent should not inhibit the polymerization reaction, and representative examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbons selected from benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, or dichlorobenzene, carbonization selected from hexane, heptane, or cyclohexane.
- halogenated hydrocarbons selected from hydrogen, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methylene chloride, or 1,2-dichloroethane, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, or N-cyclohexylpyrrolidone.
- Preferred is toluene, heptane or chloroform.
- the reaction temperature is usually preferably from ⁇ 70 ° C. to 200 ° C., particularly preferably from ⁇ 40 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- a transition metal catalyst of group IV, V, VI, or VII may be used in the presence of a cocatalyst, and a known method may be used in the presence of a solvent.
- the transition metal catalyst is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Ti-based, V-based, Mo-based, and W-based catalysts, and in particular, resins represented by the general formulas (8-B) and (8-C) of the present invention.
- titanium chloride (IV), vanadium chloride (IV), vanadium trisacetylacetonate, vanadium bisacetylacetonate dichloride, molybdenum chloride (VI), or tungsten chloride (VI) is preferable.
- the catalyst amount is 0.001 mol% or more and 10 mol% or less, preferably 0.01 mol% or more and 1 mol% or less, based on the monomer used.
- Cocatalysts include alkylaluminum or alkyltin, especially trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tripropylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-2-methylbutylaluminum, tri-3-methylbutylaluminum.
- Aluminums dimethylaluminum chloride, diethylaluminum chloride, diisopropylaluminum chloride, or diisobutylaluminum
- the amount of cocatalyst used is in a range of 100 equivalents or less, preferably 30 equivalents or less, in terms of molar ratio to the transition metal catalyst.
- the polymerization solvent it is sufficient that the polymerization reaction is not hindered.
- Representative examples include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene, hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, heptane, or cyclohexane, halogens. Examples thereof include carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methylene chloride or 1,2-dichloroethane, which are hydrofluoric hydrocarbons. Toluene, heptane or chloroform is preferred.
- these polymerization solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be.
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 70 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower.
- the powder made of the polymer obtained by the above polymerization reaction is converted into an organic solvent as necessary, for example, 1,4-dioxane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), ⁇ -After dissolving with butyrolactone, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME), ethyl lactate dimethylformamide (DMF) or methanol, apply onto a glass substrate with a bar coater, etc.
- a solid electrolyte membrane can be obtained by volatilizing.
- the solid electrolyte membrane is immersed in a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution or a sulfuric acid aqueous solution and washed with ion-exchanged water.
- Acetone, tetrahydrofuran or dimethylformamide is preferred.
- the mechanical strength of the solid electrolyte membrane may be increased by adding nano silica fine particles or glass fibers.
- nano silica fine particles or glass fibers there is no restriction
- limiting in particular in the thickness of a solid electrolyte membrane 10 micrometers or more and 200 micrometers or less are preferable. When it is thinner than 10 ⁇ m, handling becomes difficult, and when it is thicker than 200 ⁇ m, the film resistance increases, and the characteristics as an electrochemical device tend to be lowered.
- the film thickness is adjusted by the coating thickness on the substrate, that is, the coating amount per unit volume.
- the present invention includes the following inventions 8 to 10.
- a membrane-electrode assembly can be obtained by arranging a pair of electrodes so as to sandwich the solid electrolyte membrane of Invention 7.
- the membrane-electrode assembly of the present invention is used as a power generation element of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, preferably a direct methanol fuel cell
- the solid electrolyte membrane of the invention 7 has excellent proton conductivity, and methanol Suppresses transmission. Therefore, it is possible to generate power efficiently, increase the amount of power generated by increasing the concentration of methanol, or reduce the size of the fuel tank, and simplify the power generation control part attached to the membrane-electrode assembly, facilitating downsizing of the device. It becomes.
- Example 1 [Production of bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) heptane using phenylsilane as a reducing agent] The reaction formula of this production method is shown below.
- Example 2 [Production of bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) heptane using phenyldimethylsilane as a reducing agent] Instead of phenylsilane which is the compound (4) of Example 1, phenyldimethylsilane having a high reducing power was used. The reaction formula of this production method is shown below.
- Comparative Example 1 [Production by catalytic reduction using palladium carbon as a catalyst in a hydrogen atmosphere] In place of phenylsilane which is the compound (4) of Example 1, reduction was performed using palladium carbon as a catalyst in a hydrogen atmosphere.
- the reaction formula is shown below.
- Example 5 [Production of 2,2-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl) cyclohexane using phenylsilane as a reducing agent]
- the reaction formula of this production method is shown below.
- the yield was calculated from the ratio of the integrated value with the internal standard substance, and (2,2-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl) cyclohexane was obtained with an NMR yield of 99%.
- the measurement results of NMR are shown below.
- Example 7 [Production of (2,2-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl) benzene using triethylsilane as a reducing agent]
- the reaction formula of this production method is shown below.
- Example 8 [Production of 1- (2,2-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl-2-fluorobenzene using triethylsilane as a reducing agent]
- the reaction formula of this production method is shown below.
- the yield was calculated from the ratio of the integrated value with the internal standard substance, and 1- (2,2-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl-2-fluorobenzene was obtained with an NMR yield of 69%. It is shown below.
- Example 9 [Production of 1,4-bis (2,2-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl) benzene using phenylsilane as a reducing agent]
- the reaction formula of this production method is shown below.
- Example 10 shows a method for producing an alkali metal salt having a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group.
- Example 10 [Production of salt having bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group] The reaction formula of this production method is shown below.
- Compound (12) can be used as an electrolyte having a bis (perfluoroalkanesulfonyl) methyl group.
- Example 11 [Production of polymer having repeating unit represented by formula (8-A)] As the production of a polymer using 2- (2 ′, 2′-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl) norbornene, a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (8-A) was produced.
- the obtained reaction solution was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to reprecipitate the polymer.
- the precipitate was separated from the solution by filtration, and the polymer was recovered.
- the obtained polymer was dried at 60 ° C. under reduced pressure for 4 hours to remove the residual solvent, and 0.15 g of the desired polymer was obtained in a yield of 30%.
- the obtained polymer was subjected to gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard substance to determine the molecular weight.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer were 60000 and 113000, respectively, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) determined from them was 1.88.
- Example 12 [Production of polymer having repeating unit represented by formula (8-B)] 2- (2 ′, 2′-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl) norbornene (BTSE-NB) 0.51 g in a toluene 12 ml solution was added (1,3-bis (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) -2- Imidazolidinylidene) dichloro (phenylmethylene) (trichlorohexylphosphine) ruthenium (0.7 mg) was added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 1 hour. After the solvent was distilled off, the obtained residue was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to reprecipitate the polymer.
- BTSE-NB 2- (2 ′, 2′-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ethyl) norbornene
- the precipitate was separated from the solution by filtration, and the polymer was recovered.
- the resulting polymer was dried at 60 ° C. under reduced pressure for 4 hours to remove the residual solvent, and 0.44 g of the desired polymer was obtained in a yield of 88%.
- the obtained polymer was subjected to gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard substance to determine the molecular weight.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- Mn number average molecular weight
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- Example 13 [Production of polymer having repeating unit represented by formula (8-C)] Bis (tricyclohexylphosphine) benzilidineruthenium (IV) was added to a 24 ml tetrahydrofuran solution of a ring-opening polymer 1.21 g which is a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (8-B) obtained in Example 12. A hydrogenation catalyst solution in which 0.11 g of dichloride and 0.43 g of ethyl vinyl ether were dissolved in 4.3 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added, and a hydrogenation reaction was performed at a hydrogen pressure of 3.0 MPa and 100 ° C. for 4 hours.
- Bis (tricyclohexylphosphine) benzilidineruthenium (IV) was added to a 24 ml tetrahydrofuran solution of a ring-opening polymer 1.21 g which is a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula
- the hydrogenation reaction solution was poured into a large amount of n-pentane to completely precipitate the polymer, washed by filtration and dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain a ring-opening copolymer. Further, the obtained polymer was subjected to gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard substance to determine the molecular weight.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- Example 14 [Preparation Example 1 of Solid Electrolyte Membrane] 0.05 g of a white solid, which is a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (8-A) obtained in Example 11, is N, N-dimethylformamide (hereinafter sometimes referred to as DMF) 0 Dissolved in 1 g and mixed.
- DMF N, N-dimethylformamide
- a polyimide substrate On a polyimide substrate, a polytetrafluoroethylene film having a porosity of 83% (Advantech Toyo Co., Ltd., product name, H100A) cut out to 10 ⁇ 50 mm is placed, and the solution is applied to the oven at 25 ° C. Then, the temperature was raised at 1 ° C. per minute and further kept at 150 ° C.
- an electrolyte membrane (thickness: 0.05 mm, size: 10 mm ⁇ 50 mm) in which a norbornene-based resin was supported on a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane having a porosity of 83% was obtained by immersing in water. .
- Example 15 Solid electrolyte membrane production example 2
- a hot press apparatus 0.50 g of a brown solid that is a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (8-B) obtained in Example 12 was hot pressed at 170 ° C. and 10 MPa for 5 minutes.
- a norbornene resin electrolyte membrane (thickness: 31 ⁇ m, size: 10 mm ⁇ 50 mm) was obtained.
- Example 16 Solid electrolyte membrane production example 3
- a white solid which is a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (8-C) obtained in Example 13 instead of the polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (8-A)
- a solid electrolyte membrane was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 14 except that acetone was used instead of DMF.
- Proton conductivity was measured by the following method.
- a solid electrolyte membrane is cut out to 10 mm ⁇ 50 mm, a platinum electrode and a membrane arranged at 5 mm intervals are brought into close contact with each other, and an electrochemical impedance measuring device (Gamry Instruments, model number, VFP600) is connected to the electrode, and a frequency of 1 Hz to 1 MHz The AC impedance was measured and the AC resistance was determined. From the gradient between the distance between the electrodes and the resistance, the specific resistance of the proton conductive membrane was calculated by the following equation, and the AC impedance was calculated from the reciprocal of the specific resistance. Calculation formulas for specific resistance and proton conductivity are shown below.
- the solid electrolyte membranes of Examples 14 to 16 were confirmed to have good proton conductivity as compared with the solid electrolyte membrane of Aldrich, Inc., trade name, and Nafion of Comparative Example.
- Methanol permeation rate The methanol permeation rate was measured by the following method. Methanol adjusted to 10% by mass or 30% by mass in one cell by sandwiching the solid electrolyte membranes of Examples 14 to 16 immersed in ion-exchanged water for one day between separable type glass cells manufactured by Techno Sigma Co., Ltd. 20 ml of a mixed solution of water and water was placed, and 20 ml of ion-exchanged water was placed in the other cell. The mixture was stirred at 25 ° C., and the methanol concentration in the ion-exchanged water was measured using a gas chromatograph (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, model number, GC2010), but methanol was not detected.
- a gas chromatograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, model number, GC2010
- the solid electrolyte membrane of the present invention has excellent heat resistance and proton conductivity, it is useful as a solid electrolyte membrane for solid polymer fuel cells, particularly for direct methanol fuel cells.
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Abstract
Description
一般式(1)で表される化合物に、一般式(2)で表わされるアルデヒド化合物または一般式(3)で表されるアセタール化合物を脱水縮合させた後、一般式(4)で表されるヒドロシラン化合物を用いて還元する、一般式(5)で表される化合物の製造方法。
有機基Aが、一般式(6)、一般式(7)、一般式(8)または一般式(9)で表わされる1価の有機基である、発明1の製造方法。
式(9)中、R16は、それぞれ独立に水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ニトロ基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、エーテル結合、エステル結合またはスルホニル基を含んでいてもよい。lは0~2の整数、mは0~5の整数である。)
一般式(5)で表わされる化合物。
式(10)中、R17は、水素原子、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよい。
R18、R19は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよい。
またR17~R19は結合して環構造を形成していてもよい。
式(11)中、R20は、それぞれ独立にフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ニトロ基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、炭素数2~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、炭素原子の一部が硫黄原子と置換されていてもよく、またはカルボニル基、スルホニル基を含んでいてもよい。nは0~2の整数、pは1~5の整数を表す。
Rfは炭素数1~12のパーフルオロアルキル基である。Yは単結合、炭素数1~4の直鎖状、炭素数3~4の分岐鎖状または炭素数3~4の環状のアルキレン基であり、該アルキレン基は、その一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、エーテル結合またはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい。)
一般式(5)で表される化合物をアルカリ金属塩で中和反応させる、一般式(12)で表される塩の製造方法。
有機基Aが、一般式(6)、一般式(7)、一般式(8)または一般式(9)で表わされる1価の有機基である、発明4の塩の製造方法。
一般式(12)で表わされる塩。
式(10)中、R17は、水素原子、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよい。
R18、R19は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよい。
またR17~R19は結合して環構造を形成していてもよい。
式(11)中、R20は、それぞれ独立にフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ニトロ基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、炭素数2~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、炭素原子の一部が硫黄原子と置換されていてもよく、またはカルボニル基、スルホニル基を含んでいてもよい。nは0~2の整数、pは1~5の整数を表す。Mはアルカリ金属イオンまたはアンモニウムイオンである。)
一般式(8-A)、一般式(8-B)または一般式(8-C)からなる群より選ばれる、ビス(パーフルオロアルカンスルホニル)メチル基を含む繰り返し単位を含む重合物。
発明8の重合物を含む固体電解質膜。
発明8の固体電解質膜を用いた燃料電池用の膜電極接合体。
発明8の固体電解質膜を用いた固体高分子型燃料電池。
発明8の固体電解質膜を用いたダイレクトメタノール型燃料電池。
[フェニルジメチルシランを還元剤に用いたビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)ヘプタンの製造]
実施例1の化合物(4)であるフェニルシランに代えて、還元力の高いフェニルジメチルシランを使用した。本製造方法の反応式を以下に示す。
[水素雰囲気下でパラジウムカーボンを触媒に用いて接触還元した製造]
実施例1の化合物(4)であるフェニルシランに代えて、水素雰囲気下、パラジウムカーボンを触媒として還元を行った。反応式を以下に示す。
[一般式(8-A)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物の製造]
2-(2’,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)エチル)ノルボルネンを用いた重合物の製造として、一般式(8-A)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物の製造を行った。
[一般式(8-B)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物の製造]
2-(2’,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)エチル)ノルボルネン(BTSE-NB)0.50gのトルエン12ml溶液に(1,3-ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルフェニル)-2-イミダゾリジニリデン)ジクロロ(フェニルメチレン)(トリクロロヘキシルホスフィン)ルテニウム0.7mgを加え、1時間加熱還流した。溶媒を留去した後、得られた残渣を多量のn-ヘプタン中に注ぎ込み、重合物を再沈殿させた。沈殿物をろ過により溶液より分離して、重合物を回収した。得られた重合物を、減圧下60℃で4時間乾燥することにより残留溶媒を除去し、目的の重合物を0.44g、収率88%で得た。また、得られた重合物の、ポリスチレンを標準物質としたゲル浸透クロマトグラフ分析(GPC)を行い、分子量を決定した。その結果、重合物の数平均分子量は(Mn)および重量平均分子量(Mw)は、それぞれ、274000および957000であり、これらから求められる分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は3.49であった。
[一般式(8-C)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物の製造]
実施例12で得られた一般式(8-B)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物である開環重合物1.21gのテトラヒドロフラン24ml溶液にビス(トリシクロヘキシルホスフィン)ベンジリジンルテニウム(IV)ジクロリド0.11gおよびエチルビニルエーテル0.43gをテトラヒドロフラン4.3mlに溶解した水素化触媒溶液を添加し、水素圧3.0 MPa、100℃で4時間水素化反応を行った。水素化反応液を多量のn-ペンタンに注いでポリマーを完全に析出させ、ろ別洗浄後、80℃で5時間減圧乾燥し開環共重合物を得た。また、得られた重合物の、ボリスチレンを標準物質としたゲル浸透クロマトグラフ分析(GPC)を行い、分子量を決定した。その結果、重合物の数平均分子量は(Mn)および重量平均分子量(Mw)は、それぞれ、879000および2540000であり、これらから求められる分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は2.88であった。
[固体電解質膜作製例1]
実施例11で得られた一般式(8-A)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物である、白色固体0.05gをN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(以下、DMFと呼ぶことがある)0.1gに溶解し混合した。ポリイミド基板上に、空隙率83%のポリテトラフルオロエチレン膜(アドバンテック東洋株式会社製、製品名、H100A)を10×50mmに切り出されたものを配置し、前記溶液を塗布し、25℃のオーブン内にて4時間保持した後、毎分1℃で昇温させ、さらに150℃に24時間保持して硬化させた。室温まで冷却後、水に浸漬することで、空隙率83%のポリテトラフルオロエチレン膜にノルボルネン系樹脂が担持された電解質膜(厚さ:0.05mm、大きさ:10mm×50mm)を得た。
[固体電解質膜作製例2]
実施例12で得られた一般式(8-B)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物である茶褐色固体0.50gをホットプレス装置を用いて、170℃、10MPaで5分間ホットプレスし、ノルボルネン系樹脂の電解質膜(厚さ:31μm、大きさ:10mm×50mm)を得た。
[固体電解質膜作製例3]
一般式(8-A)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物に代えて実施例13で得られた一般式(8-C)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重合物である白色固体を、DMFに代えてアセトンを用いた以外は、実施例14と同様の手順で固体電解質膜を得た。
米国アルドリッチ社より販売される、パーフルオロカーボンスルホン酸系ポリマーからなる固体電解質膜、商品名ナフィオン、品番112を150℃、24時間の加熱条件下、乾燥させた。
実施例14~15で作製した本発明の固体電解質膜、および、比較例の固体電解質膜(商品名、ナフィオン)のプロトン伝導度を測定し、結果を比較した。
プロトン伝導度σ(S/cm)=1/R
メタノール透過速度は、以下の手法で測定した。イオン交換水に1日浸漬した実施例14~16の固体電解質膜を、株式会社テクノシグマ製のセパラブルタイプのガラスセルに挟み込み、片方のセルに10質量%、または30質量%に調整したメタノールと水の混合液、20mlを入れ、もう一方のセルには、イオン交換水20mlを入れた。25℃下、攪拌し、イオン交換水中のメタノール濃度をガスクロマトグラフ(株式会社島津製作所製、型番、GC2010)を用いて測定したが、メタノールは検出されなかった。
Claims (11)
- 一般式(1)で表される化合物に、一般式(2)で表わされるアルデヒド化合物または一般式(3)で表されるアセタール化合物を脱水縮合させた後、一般式(4)で表されるヒドロシラン化合物を用いて還元する、一般式(5)で表される化合物の製造方法。
- 有機基Aが、一般式(6)、一般式(7)、一般式(8)または一般式(9)で表わされる1価の有機基である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
式(9)中、R16は、それぞれ独立に水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ニトロ基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、エーテル結合、エステル結合またはスルホニル基を含んでいてもよい。lは0~2の整数、mは0~5の整数である。) - 一般式(5)で表わされる化合物。
式(10)中、R17は、水素原子、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよい。
R18、R19は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよい。
またR17~R19は結合して環構造を形成していてもよい。
式(11)中、R20は、それぞれ独立にフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ニトロ基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、炭素数2~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、炭素原子の一部が硫黄原子と置換されていてもよく、またはカルボニル基、スルホニル基を含んでいてもよい。
nは0~2の整数、pは1~5の整数を表す。)
Rfは炭素数1~12のパーフルオロアルキル基である。Yは単結合、炭素数1~4の直鎖状、炭素数3~4の分岐鎖状または炭素数3~4の環状のアルキレン基であり、該アルキレン基は、その一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、エーテル結合またはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい。) - 一般式(5)で表される化合物をアルカリ金属塩で中和反応させる、一般式(12)で表される塩の製造方法。
- 有機基Aが、一般式(6)、一般式(7)、一般式(8)または一般式(9)で表わされる1価の有機基である、請求項4に記載の塩の製造方法。
式(9)中、R16は、それぞれ独立に水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ニトロ基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、エーテル結合、エステル結合またはスルホニル基を含んでいてもよい。lは0~2の整数、mは0~5の整数である。) - 一般式(12)で表わされる塩。
式(10)中、R17は、水素原子、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよい。
R18、R19は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよい。
またR17~R19は結合して環構造を形成していてもよい。
式(11)中、R20は、それぞれ独立にフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ニトロ基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、炭素数2~12の直鎖状、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状もしくは炭素数3~12の環状のアルキル基、または炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、当該アルキル基または当該アリール基の一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、炭素原子の一部が硫黄原子と置換されていてもよく、またはカルボニル基、スルホニル基を含んでいてもよい。
lは0~2の整数、mは1~5の整数を表す。)
Rfは炭素数1~12のパーフルオロアルキル基である。Yは単結合、炭素数1~4の直鎖状、炭素数3~4の分岐鎖状または炭素数3~4の環状のアルキレン基であり、該アルキレン基は、その一部または全部の水素原子が、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子と置換されていてもよく、エーテル結合またはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい。Mはアルカリ金属イオンまたはアンモニウムイオンである。) - 一般式(8-A)、一般式(8-B)または一般式(8-C)からなる群より選ばれる、ビス(パーフルオロアルカンスルホニル)メチル基を含む繰り返し単位を含む重合物。
- 請求項7に記載の重合物を含む固体電解質膜。
- 請求項8に記載の固体電解質膜を用いた燃料電池用の膜電極接合体。
- 請求項8に記載の固体電解質膜を用いた固体高分子型燃料電池。
- 請求項8に記載の固体電解質膜を用いたダイレクトメタノール型燃料電池。
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