WO2014046286A1 - 排ガス処理装置 - Google Patents

排ガス処理装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014046286A1
WO2014046286A1 PCT/JP2013/075719 JP2013075719W WO2014046286A1 WO 2014046286 A1 WO2014046286 A1 WO 2014046286A1 JP 2013075719 W JP2013075719 W JP 2013075719W WO 2014046286 A1 WO2014046286 A1 WO 2014046286A1
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Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
concentration
hcl
sox
weight
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PCT/JP2013/075719
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
将利 勝木
鈴木　匠
哲哉 佐久間
尚弘 山田
Original Assignee
三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社
Priority to SG11201502186WA priority Critical patent/SG11201502186WA/en
Priority to CN201380048638.6A priority patent/CN104661728B/zh
Publication of WO2014046286A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014046286A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/346—Controlling the process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/30—Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/685—Halogens or halogen compounds by treating the gases with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device. More specifically, the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment apparatus used to purify an exhaust gas containing harmful substances such as HCl and SOx discharged from a combustion apparatus such as a waste incinerator, a gasification furnace, and a melting furnace.
  • a combustion apparatus such as a waste incinerator, a gasification furnace, and a melting furnace.
  • Waste gases emitted from combustion facilities include acid gases such as HCl (hydrogen chloride, hydrochloric acid) and SOx (sulfur oxides), and harmful substances such as NOx, dioxins and dust.
  • acid gases such as HCl (hydrogen chloride, hydrochloric acid) and SOx (sulfur oxides)
  • harmful substances such as NOx, dioxins and dust.
  • an exhaust gas treatment device is provided at the outlet side of the combustion equipment.
  • Patent Document 1 describes an exhaust gas treatment apparatus that treats HCl with slaked lime and treats SOx that can not be treated with slaked lime with a Na-based alkali agent (alkali metal compound) such as sodium bicarbonate.
  • alkali metal compound alkali metal compound
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas processing apparatus capable of removing harmful substances of exhaust gas at lower cost for treatment chemicals.
  • the exhaust gas processing apparatus comprises a dust collector for introducing exhaust gas and discharging a processing gas, a gas flow path for introducing the exhaust gas into the dust collector, and an HCl concentration of the exhaust gas.
  • the controller increases the weight of the Ca-based alkaline agent when the HCl / SOx ratio is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and the Na-based alkali when the HCl / SOx ratio is equal to or less than a predetermined value. It is preferred to increase the weight of the agent.
  • the usage amount of the Na-based alkaline agent can be further reduced.
  • the exhaust gas processing apparatus further includes an H 2 O detection unit that detects the H 2 O concentration of the exhaust gas, and a humidifying unit that humidifies the exhaust gas, and the control device has the H 2 O concentration less than or equal to a predetermined value.
  • the exhaust gas is humidified using the humidifying unit, and the weight of the alkali agent is not changed.
  • the exhaust gas processing apparatus further includes a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the dust collection device, and the control device has a H 2 O concentration equal to or less than a predetermined value, and the temperature of the exhaust gas has a predetermined temperature
  • the weight of the Na-based alkaline agent may be increased.
  • the treatment is performed without supplying water to the exhaust gas, so the exhaust gas can be treated without lowering the temperature of the dust collection device below a predetermined temperature.
  • the controller does not change the weight of the alkali agent when the SOx concentration of the exhaust gas is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
  • the detection means for the processing gas discharged from the dust collector can be omitted. It becomes possible to operate the exhaust gas processing apparatus at a cheaper processing agent cost.
  • the exhaust gas processing apparatus further includes a second SOx detection unit that detects the SOx concentration of the processing gas, and the controller changes the weight of the alkaline agent when the SOx concentration of the processing gas is less than or equal to a predetermined value. It is preferable not to let it go.
  • the control device increases the weight of the Ca-based alkaline agent and does not change the weight of the Na-based alkaline agent when the HCl concentration of the exhaust gas is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
  • the exhaust gas processing apparatus further includes a second HCl detection unit that detects the HCl concentration of the processing gas, and the control device is configured to adjust the weight of the Ca-based alkaline agent when the HCl concentration of the processing gas is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
  • the weight of the Na-based alkaline agent is not changed.
  • the dust collection device is a bag filter, and includes a weight measurement computing unit for measuring a deposition weight per unit area of the surface layer stack deposited on the surface of the bag filter, Preferably, the apparatus does not change the weight of the alkaline agent when the deposition weight is equal to or more than a predetermined value.
  • the dust collection device is a bag filter, and includes a weight measurement computing unit for measuring a deposition weight per unit area of a surface deposition layer deposited on the surface of the bag filter,
  • the apparatus increases the weight of the Ca-based alkaline agent when the deposition weight is a predetermined value or less and the HCl / SOx ratio is a predetermined value or more, and the deposition weight is a predetermined value or more, or the HCl / SOx ratio Is less than a predetermined value, it is preferable to increase the weight of the Na-based alkaline agent.
  • the amount of the Ca chloride-based reactant can be stably generated by increasing the Ca-based alkali agent, It is possible to suppress the decrease in exhaust gas treatment performance in the device.
  • the exhaust gas processing apparatus further includes a second SOx detection unit that detects the SOx concentration of the processing gas, and a second HCl detection unit that detects the HCl concentration of the processing gas, and the control device performs the processing. It is preferable to increase the Na-based alkaline agent when the HCl concentration of the gas is less than or equal to a predetermined value and the SOx concentration of the processing gas is greater than or equal to the predetermined value.
  • the processing gas when the SOx concentration of the processing gas is high, the processing gas can be neutralized by the Na-based alkaline agent.
  • the exhaust gas processing apparatus further includes an H 2 O detection unit that detects the H 2 O concentration of the exhaust gas, and a humidifying unit that humidifies the exhaust gas, and the control device determines that the SOx concentration of the processing gas is predetermined.
  • the control device determines that the SOx concentration of the processing gas is predetermined.
  • the H 2 O concentration is above the predetermined value
  • the weight of the Ca-based alkaline agent is increased, and the SOx concentration of the processing gas is above the predetermined value, and the H 2 O concentration is below the predetermined value.
  • the exhaust gas is humidified using the humidifying unit, and the weight of the Ca-based alkali agent is increased when the SOx concentration of the processing gas is equal to or higher than a predetermined value and the H 2 O concentration is equal to or higher Is preferred.
  • the desalting rate can be improved by solid-liquid reaction of HCl and the like in the exhaust gas in an aqueous solution state by humidification.
  • the dust collection device is a bag filter, and includes an H 2 O detection unit that detects the H 2 O concentration of the exhaust gas, and the alkali supply unit has a specific surface area of 12 as a Ca-based alkali agent.
  • Japanese Patent slaked lime JIS Japanese Patent considerable a pore volume 0.03 ⁇ 0.07cm 3 / g, a specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g or more, a pore volume 0.1 ⁇ 0.3 cm 3 It is possible to supply highly reactive slaked lime which is 1 / g, and the control device may selectively use the special slaked lime and the highly reactive slaked lime based on the H 2 O concentration and the HCl / SOx ratio.
  • the use amount of highly reactive slaked lime which is high cost, can be reduced by clarifying the use conditions in which the use of special calcium hydroxide is more efficient. Moreover, the differential pressure
  • the demarcation rate when using the special calcium hydroxide slaked lime and the desulfurization ratio when using the high reaction calcium hydroxide, and the boundary line used properly between the special calcium hydroxide calcium hydroxide and the high reactive calcium hydroxide lime It is preferable that the control device selectively uses the special calcium hydroxide and the highly reactive calcium hydroxide based on the selective boundary diagram.
  • the selective use boundary diagram is created from a performance diagram including the HCl / SOx ratio and the desulfurization rate created for each of the plurality of H 2 O concentrations.
  • the present invention by optimizing the weight of the alkali agent supplied to the exhaust gas based on the HCl / SOx ratio, high exhaust gas treatment performance can be obtained with a minimum amount of treatment agent, and a cheaper treatment agent Operation of the exhaust gas processing system becomes possible at cost.
  • the exhaust gas processing apparatus 1 includes a dust collector 3, a gas flow path 5 for introducing the exhaust gas 4 discharged from the combustion facility 2 into the dust collector 3, and the dust collector 3.
  • the first HCl detection unit 6 that detects the HCl concentration of the exhaust gas 4 introduced to the first
  • the first SOx detection unit 7 that detects the SOx concentration of the exhaust gas 4, the control device 8, and the alkali agent is supplied to the gas flow path 5
  • a chimney 13 for releasing the processing gas 9 discharged from the dust collector 3 to the atmosphere.
  • first HCl detection unit 6 and the second SOx detection unit 22 are measuring instruments using FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared measurement), they are a mass spectrometer, gas chromatography, vacuum ultraviolet light / mass spectrometer An optical detector such as an absorptiometer, a laser measurement device, or the like can also be employed.
  • FT-IR Fastier transform infrared measurement
  • An optical detector such as an absorptiometer, a laser measurement device, or the like can also be employed.
  • the combustion equipment 2 is, for example, a combustion furnace, an incinerator, a thermal decomposition furnace, or a melting furnace.
  • a bag filter (catalyst bag filter) is provided which is separated into a plurality of chambers and carries a bag filter and a catalyst in each chamber.
  • a titanium-vanadium based catalyst including titanium oxide, vanadium pentoxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide and the like can be used.
  • the alkali supply unit 10 is a slaked lime supply unit 11 that supplies a Ca (calcium) -based alkali agent such as slaked lime, and a baking soda provided on the downstream side of the slaked lime supply unit 11 and that supplies a Na (sodium) -based alkali agent
  • a supply unit 12 is included. That is, a Ca-based alkali agent is first supplied to the exhaust gas 4 flowing through the gas flow channel 5, and then a Na-based alkali agent is supplied.
  • the slaked lime supply unit 11 is configured to supply the Ca-based alkali agent having a weight determined by the control command sent from the control device 8.
  • the baking soda supply unit 12 is configured to supply the Na-based alkali agent having a weight determined by the control command sent from the control device 8.
  • the alkali agent is a neutralizing agent for neutralizing acid gas components such as hydrogen chloride (HCl, hydrochloric acid) and sulfur oxides (SOx).
  • the Ca-based alkali agent is generally Ca (OH) 2 (slaked lime).
  • the Ca-based alkali agent will be described as calcium hydroxide.
  • the Na-based alkaline agent is generally NaHCO 3 (sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate).
  • the sodium-based alkali agent will be described as baking soda.
  • the controller 8 receives the HCl concentration of the exhaust gas 4 detected by the first HCl detection unit 6 and the SOx concentration of the exhaust gas 4 detected by the first SOx detection unit 7, and supplies alkali based on the detected value.
  • the weight of the alkali agent supplied from the unit 10 is determined, and a control command is sent to the alkali supply unit 10.
  • the controller 8 performs control to increase the weight of slaked lime when ⁇ is larger than a predetermined value (for example, 3 to 5). Then, when ⁇ is smaller than a predetermined value, the control device 8 performs control to increase the weight of baking soda while supplying slaked lime having a predetermined weight to the gas flow path 5.
  • a predetermined value for example, 3 to 5
  • the control device 8 performs control to increase the weight of baking soda while supplying slaked lime having a predetermined weight to the gas flow path 5.
  • the value of ⁇ is, for example, 3 to 5. This value is based on the assumption that the concentration of HCl in exhaust gas 4 is somewhat high (800 ppm to 1200 ppm) and the concentration of SOx is high (200 ppm to 300 ppm). That is, when the SOx concentration of the exhaust gas 4 is high, control is performed to supply baking soda to the gas flow path 5 in addition to slaked lime in order to reduce the SOx concentration.
  • the weight of the alkaline agent to be supplied to the exhaust gas 4 is optimized by determining the weight of the alkaline agent consisting of the Ca-based alkaline agent and the Na-based alkaline agent based on ⁇ which is the HCl / SOx ratio.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 can be operated at a lower cost for the treatment agent.
  • FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an example of an exhaust gas processing system 1B according to the present embodiment.
  • differences from the first embodiment described above will be mainly described, and the description of the same parts will be omitted.
  • a temperature reducing tower 15 as a humidifying unit is provided on the upstream side of the gas passage 5 to lower the exhaust gas temperature and humidify the exhaust gas 4.
  • Reduced hot water is supplied to the temperature reducing tower 15 from the water supply device 17 via the reduced hot water pipe 16.
  • H 2 O detection unit 18 for detecting the concentration of H 2 O is provided on the downstream side of the first HCl detector 6.
  • H 2 O detection unit 18 for detecting the concentration of H 2 O is provided on the upstream side of the alkali supply unit 10.
  • a water vapor supply unit 19 is provided as a humidifying unit for humidifying the exhaust gas 4.
  • the control device 8 is characterized in that the exhaust gas 4 is treated in consideration of the H 2 O concentration in the exhaust gas 4 in addition to the HCl / SOx ratio. That is, the control device 8 controls the humidification of the exhaust gas 4 when the H 2 O concentration of the exhaust gas 4 detected by the H 2 O detection unit 18 is equal to or less than a predetermined value (for example, 20% or less).
  • a predetermined value for example, 20% or less.
  • control device 8 sends out a control command to supply the water vapor to the gas flow path 5 to the water vapor supply unit 19 or A control command to increase the amount of water in the cooling tower 15 is sent to the water supply device 17.
  • the adjustment is carried out by selectively using the Ca-based alkaline agent, the water / steam, and the Na-based alkaline agent less affected by the water concentration with reference to the H 2 O concentration in addition to the HCl / SOx ratio.
  • the treatment of exhaust gas 4 can be performed more optimally. Further, when the H 2 O concentration is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the processing is only humidification, so processing at lower cost is possible. Further, by raising the water concentration in the exhaust gas 4 by humidification, the reactivity of HCl etc. in the exhaust gas 4 can be enhanced, and the desalting rate can be improved.
  • the controller 8 monitors the SOx concentration of the exhaust gas 4 and does not change the weight of the alkali agent when the SOx concentration of the exhaust gas 4 is less than a predetermined value (for example, 100 ppm), that is, the HCl / SOx ratio It may be configured not to perform control based on. By performing such control, exhaust gas treatment can be performed at lower cost.
  • a predetermined value for example, 100 ppm
  • FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an example of an exhaust gas processing system 1C according to the present embodiment.
  • differences from the first embodiment described above will be mainly described, and the description of the same parts will be omitted.
  • the apparatus configuration of the exhaust gas processing apparatus 1C of the present embodiment is provided with the H 2 O detection unit 18 similar to that of the second embodiment and the water vapor supply unit 19 in addition to the apparatus configuration of the first embodiment. . Furthermore, a temperature detection unit 21 is provided on the inlet side of the dust collection device 3, and the detected temperature is configured to be input to the control device 8.
  • the control device 8 of the present embodiment is characterized by judging whether the exhaust gas 4 is humidified or the baking soda is supplied to the exhaust gas 4 according to the temperature of the exhaust gas 4 flowing into the dust collection device 3. That is, the control device 8 monitors the temperature detected by the temperature detection unit 21. For example, the exhaust gas detected by the temperature detection unit 21 and having a H 2 O concentration equal to or less than a predetermined value (eg 18 vol% or less) When the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (for example, 180 ° C. or higher), control is performed to increase the baking soda supplied from the baking soda supply unit 12.
  • a predetermined value for example, 180 ° C. or higher
  • control is performed to humidify the exhaust gas 4 by the water vapor supply unit 19 when the H 2 O concentration is less than a predetermined value (for example, 18 vol% or less) May be configured to Moreover, it is also possible to set it as the structure which humidifies the exhaust gas 4 further upstream by combining the temperature reducing tower 15 of 2nd embodiment with the structure of this embodiment.
  • a predetermined value for example, 18 vol% or less
  • FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing an example of an exhaust gas processing system 1D according to the present embodiment.
  • the apparatus structure of waste gas processing apparatus 1D of this embodiment was provided with the 2nd SOx detection part 22 which detects the SOx density
  • the second SOx detection unit 22 a measuring instrument using Fourier transform infrared measurement can be adopted.
  • the control device 8 of the present embodiment is characterized in that it determines whether or not the control based on the HCl / SOx ratio is to be performed in accordance with the SOx concentration of the processing gas 9 discharged from the dust collection device 3. That is, when the SOx concentration of the processing gas 9 detected by the second SOx detection unit 22 is less than a predetermined value (for example, 15 ppm to 20 ppm), the control device 8 does not change the supply amount (weight) of the alkali agent Take control.
  • a predetermined value for example, 15 ppm to 20 ppm
  • the temperature detection unit 21 installed on the upstream side of the dust collection device 3 of the third embodiment is added to the configuration of the present embodiment to manage the temperature of the dust collection device 3 It is possible.
  • the apparatus configuration of the exhaust gas processing apparatus 1E of the present embodiment is a second apparatus for detecting the HCl concentration of the processing gas 9 discharged from the dust collection apparatus 3.
  • An HCl detection unit 23 is provided.
  • the second HCl detection unit 23 a measuring instrument using Fourier transform infrared measurement can be adopted.
  • control is performed to increase the weight of slaked lime and baking soda, so that the exhaust gas 4 can be treated at lower cost.
  • the apparatus configuration of the exhaust gas processing apparatus 1F of this embodiment is a unit of surface layer lamination deposited on the surface of a bag filter which is the dust collection apparatus 3.
  • a weight measurement operator 24 is provided to measure the deposition weight per area.
  • the weight measurement computing unit 24 indirectly measures the deposited weight from the bag pressure loss of the dust collector 3, the filtration speed, and the like.
  • the apparatus configuration of the exhaust gas processing apparatus 1G of this embodiment is the second SOx detection unit 22 similar to that of the sixth embodiment, A second HCl detection unit 23 and a weight measurement arithmetic unit 24 are provided, and further, a disk-shaped rotary atomizer 25 is provided on the upstream side of the gas flow channel 5.
  • the rotary atomizer 25 is provided with a slurry supply unit 26 that supplies slaked lime slurry to the rotary atomizer 25.
  • the control device 8 supplies the baking soda, for example, when the deposition weight per unit area of the surface deposition layer is a predetermined value (for example, 100 g / m 2 ) or more immediately after the backwashing or within a certain period from the start of the backwashing. Control is performed to increase the baking soda supplied from the section 12.
  • a predetermined value for example, 100 g / m 2
  • control is performed to increase the baking soda supplied from the section 12.
  • control is performed to increase the slaked lime slurry supplied to the rotary atomizer 25. .
  • the weight of the alkali agent is not controlled.
  • the amount of calcium chloride-based reactant can be stabilized by increasing the weight of the slaked lime slurry in the rotary atomizer 25 on the upstream side of the dust collector 3.
  • the exhaust gas processing performance in the dust collection device 3 can be suppressed.
  • the processing gas 9 can be neutralized by baking soda.
  • the rotary atomizer 25 is installed as a supply destination of the slaked lime slurry, but when spraying the slaked lime slurry, it may be introduced into the temperature reducing tower 15 and sprayed.
  • the temperature reduction effect of the exhaust gas 4 can also be obtained simultaneously.
  • an exhaust gas processing system 1H according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
  • the apparatus configuration of the exhaust gas processing apparatus 1H of the present embodiment is the same as the H 2 O detection unit 18 of the second embodiment.
  • a water vapor supply unit 19 is provided, and the rotary atomizer 25 is provided with a water supply unit 27 in addition to the slurry supply unit 26.
  • the control device 8 controls the supply amount (weight) of the alkali agent Absent.
  • the HCl concentration of the processing gas 9 is below a predetermined value (for example 500 ppm) and the SOx concentration of the processing gas 9 is above the predetermined value (for example 100 ppm), alkali based on the H 2 O concentration Control agents and humidification.
  • a predetermined value for example, 18 vol%
  • control is performed to increase slaked lime
  • water is injected into the rotary atomizer 25
  • steam is supplied to the exhaust gas 4 to humidify the exhaust gas 4.
  • the deposition weight is equal to or more than the predetermined value, or when the value of ⁇ is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the weight of the alkali agent is not controlled.
  • the desalting rate can be improved by causing solid solution reaction with HCl or the like in the exhaust gas 4 in an aqueous solution state by humidification.
  • the apparatus configuration of the exhaust gas processing apparatus 1J of the present embodiment includes the same H 2 O detection unit 18 as the second embodiment. Furthermore, it is an apparatus configuration in which the slaked lime supply unit 11 is configured by the special calcium hydroxide sloking supply unit 11a and the highly reactive slaked lime supply unit 11b.
  • the special calcium hydroxide supply unit 11 a is configured to supply industrial calcium hydroxide equivalent to JIS special steel (hereinafter referred to as special calcium hydroxide) to the gas flow path 5 in accordance with a command from the control device 8.
  • the highly reactive slaked lime supply unit 11 b is configured to supply highly reactive slaked lime, which is a dedicated agent for an acid gas component, to the gas flow path 5.
  • Highly reactive slaked lime is an acid gas removing agent whose specific surface area and pore volume are about three times as large as those of slaked lime.
  • highly reactive slaked lime is more disadvantageous in cost than the slugged lime.
  • the specific surface area of the special calcium hydroxide lime is 12 to 15 m 2 / g
  • the pore volume is 0.07 cm 3 / g
  • the average particle diameter is 5.0 to 7.0 ⁇ m.
  • the specific surface area of the highly reactive slaked lime is 30 m 2 / g or more
  • the pore volume is 0.2 cm 3 / g
  • the average particle size is 8.0 to 12.0 ⁇ m.
  • selective-use boundary diagram calcium-based alkaline agent selective boundary diagram
  • k SO x is a reaction rate constant, and is determined by slaked lime physical properties, ⁇ and ⁇ described below, temperature and the like.
  • the slaked lime physical properties include pore volume, specific surface area, and the like, and the larger these values, the larger k SO x.
  • L / LV represents the reaction time.
  • k SO x F ( ⁇ ) ⁇ G ( ⁇ ) ⁇ H (C H 2 O 2 ) (2)
  • ⁇ is a ratio of the exhaust gas processing apparatus inlet HCl concentration to SOx concentration to the slaked lime supply amount, and is a value serving as an index indicating how much the slaked lime which is the reactant is to the HCl concentration and the SOx concentration, It can be calculated according to the following equation (3) using C.sub.Ca (OH) .sub.2 (slaked lime supply), C.sub.HCl (inlet HCl concentration), C.sub.2SOx (inlet SOx concentration).
  • ⁇ C Ca (OH) 2 /(0.5 ⁇ C HCl + C SOx) ⁇ (3)
  • HCl and SOx react with slaked lime according to the following reaction.
  • ⁇ is the ratio of the HCl concentration to the SOx concentration, and can be calculated by the following equation (4).
  • ⁇ C HCl / C SO x (4)
  • CH 2 O is the water concentration.
  • L is the thickness of the surface sediment layer (dust layer) deposited on the surface of the bag filter, C d (dust concentration), u N (flow velocity), t (reaction time / dust volume time), ⁇ (surface deposition)
  • C d dust concentration
  • u N flow velocity
  • t reaction time / dust volume time
  • ⁇ surface deposition
  • the desulfurization rate SO SOx can be calculated by substituting the equation (2), the LV value, and the equation (5) into the equation (1).
  • k SO x can be obtained by substituting the equation (3), the equation (4), and CH 2 O into the equation (2).
  • the desulfurization rate SO SOx at each exhaust gas treatment condition (temperature, ⁇ , ⁇ , water concentration) is calculated using the above equation.
  • a performance diagram is created for each water concentration with respect to special calcium hydroxide and high reaction calcium hydroxide.
  • FIG. 10 is a performance diagram showing the desulfurization ratio SO SOx with respect to the HCl / SOx ratio ⁇ when the water concentration is 20 vol%.
  • FIG. 11 is a performance diagram showing the desulfurization ratio SO SOx with respect to the HCl / SOx ratio ⁇ when the water concentration is 18 vol%.
  • FIG. 12 is a performance diagram showing the desulfurization ratio SO SOx with respect to the HCl / SOx ratio ⁇ when the water concentration is 16 vol%.
  • the intersection of the performance curves of special calcium hydroxide and highly reactive calcium hydroxide is determined.
  • a plurality of performance diagrams are created at intervals of about 1% of the water concentration, and intersection points are determined in each of the performance diagrams. That is, if the value of ⁇ is smaller than this intersection point, the desulfurization rate SO SOx can not be maintained unless it is highly reactive slaked lime.
  • the value of ⁇ is larger than this intersection point, it is more efficient to use the special calcium hydroxide lime, and it is not necessary to use high reaction calcium hydroxide which requires high cost.
  • the relationship between the ⁇ value of the X coordinate of the intersection point and the water concentration is made a graph as shown in FIG. 13, and this is used as a boundary diagram.
  • the usage boundary diagram if the point where the measured ⁇ and the water concentration are plotted is above the usage boundary obtained by the plurality of intersections, the desulfurization rate x SOx is better when using the special calcium hydroxide Becomes higher. That is, it becomes possible to use a low cost and highly efficient Ca-based alkali agent.
  • the usage-amount of highly reactive slaked lime which is high cost can be reduced by clarifying the use condition which becomes more efficient if the special calcium hydroxide is used.
  • the desulfurization rate SO SOx is strongly affected by the correlation between the water concentration and the HCl / SOx ratio, change the kind of Ca alkaline agent or adjust the amount according to the water concentration value and the HCl / SOx ratio.
  • Optimal control allows high exhaust gas treatment performance to be obtained with a minimum amount and at low cost.
  • voltage rise in the dust collector 3 by excessive lime supply can be prevented.
  • the first HCl detection unit 6, the first SOx detection unit 7, and the H 2 O detection unit 18 are provided upstream of the dust collector 3, these installation locations are from the dust collector 3 to the combustion equipment 2 It can be anywhere between the exit of. If the concentration of HCl, SOx, or H 2 O at the outlet of the combustion facility 2 can be predicted, measurement is not necessary, and a boundary diagram may be created selectively based on predicted values.
  • the selectively used boundary diagram that is, when the temperature is changed with respect to FIG. 14
  • the lower the gas temperature and the higher the water concentration the wider the range of use conditions of the special calcium hydroxide which is low in cost and high in efficiency.
  • the alkaline agent is supplied to the downstream side of the first SOx detection unit 7 and the first HCl detection unit 6, but the alkaline agent is supplied to the upstream side of these detection units. It is also good.
  • the above-described exhaust gas processing apparatus includes a dust collector for introducing exhaust gas and discharging a processing gas, and supplies an alkaline agent containing a Ca-based alkali agent and a Na-based alkali agent to a gas flow path for introducing exhaust gas into the dust collector. It is widely applicable to exhaust gas treatment equipment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
PCT/JP2013/075719 2012-09-24 2013-09-24 排ガス処理装置 WO2014046286A1 (ja)

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EP3187244A1 (en) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-05 Lhoist Recherche et Développement S.A. Composition for the purification of flue gas
JP6241525B1 (ja) * 2016-09-16 2017-12-06 栗田工業株式会社 排水クローズドシステムを採用した焼却プラントの排水回収方法及び装置
EP4265321A1 (en) * 2022-04-19 2023-10-25 Abb Schweiz Ag System for continuous control of a state of a sample handling device

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CN110022965A (zh) * 2016-12-02 2019-07-16 日立造船株式会社 废气处理装置、焚烧设备和废气处理方法
CN108079745A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-29 江苏力禾颜料有限公司 一种h酸单钠盐尾气碱洗工艺
JP2021007917A (ja) * 2019-07-01 2021-01-28 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 排ガス処理システム
WO2022215627A1 (ja) * 2021-04-08 2022-10-13 住友重機械工業株式会社 ボイラ監視方法及びボイラ監視装置、ボイラ制御方法及びボイラ制御装置、燃料等調整方法及び燃料等調整装置、並びに、ボイラ

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EP3187243A1 (en) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-05 Lhoist Recherche et Développement S.A. Composition for the purification of flue gas
EP3187244A1 (en) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-05 Lhoist Recherche et Développement S.A. Composition for the purification of flue gas
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EP4265321A1 (en) * 2022-04-19 2023-10-25 Abb Schweiz Ag System for continuous control of a state of a sample handling device

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