WO2014021420A1 - 調理器具 - Google Patents
調理器具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014021420A1 WO2014021420A1 PCT/JP2013/070876 JP2013070876W WO2014021420A1 WO 2014021420 A1 WO2014021420 A1 WO 2014021420A1 JP 2013070876 W JP2013070876 W JP 2013070876W WO 2014021420 A1 WO2014021420 A1 WO 2014021420A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fluororesin
- cooking utensil
- layer
- resin
- coated
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/04—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay the materials being non-metallic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/10—Frying pans, e.g. frying pans with integrated lids or basting devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D25/14—Linings or internal coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/251—Mica
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/259—Silicic material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cooking utensil. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cooking utensil having a fluororesin layer.
- a coating layer formed of a fluororesin excellent in non-adhesiveness and stain resistance is provided.
- various inorganic materials may be added as a filler to the material forming the coating layer, mainly for the purpose of improving wear resistance.
- a filler such as mica coated with a mica, titanium oxide or iron oxide, or a metal flake as necessary in a dispersion of a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) containing a specific component
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- cooking utensils that are superior in design properties such as color tone in addition to conventional properties such as heat resistance, non-adhesiveness, stain resistance, and wear resistance are required.
- design properties such as color tone in addition to conventional properties such as heat resistance, non-adhesiveness, stain resistance, and wear resistance are required.
- cooking utensils having a lustrous appearance can be obtained by adding mica to the material of the coating layer.
- the objective of this invention is providing the cooking utensil excellent in the designability in view of the said present condition.
- the present inventor has the effect that the color changes depending on the viewing angle (hereinafter also referred to as a color travel effect) in a cooking utensil having a fluororesin layer containing a pigment made of a specific type of scaly particles coated with a metal oxide. ) was developed, and it was found that a novel design that is not found in conventional cooking utensils can be realized. Furthermore, it has been found that the cooking utensil can maintain a sufficient color travel effect even after use in a high-temperature environment such as heat cooking, and can maintain excellent design properties, and has reached the present invention.
- the present invention is a cooking utensil having a base material and a fluororesin layer containing a perfluoro fluororesin and a pigment composed of scaly particles, wherein the pigment is coated with a metal oxide.
- the cooking utensil is at least one selected from the group consisting of silica flakes, glass flakes coated with a metal oxide, and silicon oxide-coated mica.
- the metal oxide is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide, iron oxide, tin oxide and silicon oxide.
- the perfluoro fluororesin preferably contains polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the fluororesin layer may further contain mica.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention further has a primer layer.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention may further have a clear layer.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention is preferably a frying pan.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention has excellent design properties by having the above-described configuration, and can maintain excellent design properties even after use in a high temperature environment such as cooking.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention can be used particularly suitably as a cooking utensil for heating such as a frying pan.
- the base material constituting the cooking utensil of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include metals such as iron, aluminum and copper and metals such as alloys thereof; nonmetallic inorganic materials such as enamel, glass and ceramics. Can be mentioned. Examples of the alloys include stainless steel. As said base material, a metal is preferable and aluminum or stainless steel is more preferable.
- the base material may be subjected to a surface treatment such as a degreasing treatment or a surface roughening treatment, if necessary.
- the surface roughening treatment method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include chemical etching with acid or alkali, anodization (alumite treatment), and sandblasting.
- the surface treatment described above is capable of uniformly applying a primer coating composition for forming a primer layer, which will be described later, without repelling, and improving the adhesion between the substrate and the primer coating film, etc. Therefore, it may be appropriately selected according to the type of the base material, the primer coating composition, etc., and for example, sandblast is preferred.
- the base material may be subjected to a degreasing process in which baking is performed at 380 ° C. to thermally decompose and remove impurities such as oil. Moreover, you may use the aluminum base material which gave the roughening process using the alumina polishing material after the surface treatment.
- the fluororesin layer constituting the cooking utensil of the present invention contains a perfluoro fluororesin.
- perfluoro fluororesin a polymer in which all of hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms can be used.
- the perfluoro fluororesin may be non-melt processable or melt processable.
- the perfluoro fluororesin is preferably obtained by polymerizing a fluorine-containing unsaturated monomer having one vinyl group in the molecule in which all of the hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the perfluoro fluororesin may be a homopolymer of the fluorine-containing unsaturated monomer or a copolymer of two or more fluorine-containing unsaturated monomers.
- the said perfluoro-type fluororesin may be used individually by 1 type, and 2 or more types may be mixed and used for it.
- fluorinated unsaturated monomer homopolymer and two or more fluorinated unsaturated monomer copolymers examples include tetrafluoroethylene [TFE] homopolymer [TFE homopolymer], modified poly Examples thereof include tetrafluoroethylene [modified PTFE], TFE / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) [PAVE] copolymer [PFA], and TFE / hexafluoropropylene [HFP] copolymer [FEP].
- TFE homopolymer is non-melt processable.
- the “modified PTFE” means a product obtained by copolymerizing a small amount of a comonomer with TFE so as not to impart melt processability to the obtained copolymer.
- the small amount of the comonomer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include HFP, chlorotrifluoroethylene [CTFE], and PAVE.
- CTFE chlorotrifluoroethylene
- the ratio in which the small amount of the comonomer is added to the modified PTFE varies depending on the type thereof. For example, when PAVE is used, the total mass of the TFE and the small amount of the comonomer is usually 0. It is preferably 0.001 to 1% by mass.
- the perfluoro fluororesin preferably contains polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE] (TFE homopolymer and / or modified PTFE).
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the perfluoro fluororesin preferably also contains PFA and / or FEP together with PTFE.
- the perfluoro fluororesin can be obtained by a conventionally known polymerization method such as suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization.
- the conditions such as temperature and pressure, the polymerization initiator and other additives can be appropriately set according to the composition and amount of the desired polymer.
- the number average molecular weight of the perfluoro fluororesin is preferably 2 ⁇ 10 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 7 , particularly preferably 2 ⁇ 10 5 to 8 ⁇ 10 6 .
- the coating film tends to be brittle, and when it exceeds 1 ⁇ 10 7 , the melt viscosity is too high and the particles tend not to be fused.
- the number average molecular weight of PTFE can be determined by measurement according to the method described in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science”, Volume 17, pages 3253-3257 (1973).
- the number average molecular weight of FEP is determined by measuring the melt flow rate (MFR) by the method described in ASTM D2116, obtaining the melt viscosity (MV) by the following formula (1), and further calculating the number from formula (2).
- MFR melt flow rate
- MV melt viscosity
- Mn The average molecular weight (Mn) can be determined.
- perfluoro-based fluororesin particles for example, fine particles produced by polymerizing a fluoromonomer by a method such as emulsion polymerization (fine particles in an aqueous perfluoro-based fluororesin dispersion) can be used as they are.
- the diameter is preferably from 0.01 to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m. When the average particle diameter is less than 0.01 ⁇ m, the film forming property tends to be lowered, and when it exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the gun nozzle used for coating tends to be clogged.
- an aqueous dispersion of perfluoro fluororesin particles obtained by the above emulsion polymerization or powdered particles obtained from this aqueous dispersion can be used. Since repulsion may cause poor handling, it is preferably used in the form of an aqueous dispersion.
- the solid content of the perfluoro fluororesin in the aqueous dispersion of the perfluoro fluororesin is preferably 20 to 80% by mass, particularly 40 to 70% by mass, from the viewpoint of good stability and subsequent coating film formability. It is preferable.
- solid content concentration can be suitably adjusted in the preparation stage of perfluoro-type fluororesin aqueous dispersion composition.
- the fluororesin layer constituting the cooking utensil of the present invention also contains a pigment made of a specific type of scaly particles coated with a metal oxide (hereinafter also referred to as a metal oxide-coated scaly pigment).
- a metal oxide-coated scaly pigment With the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment, the fluororesin layer can exhibit a color travel effect in which the color changes depending on the viewing angle.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention has an excellent design that is not found in the prior art.
- the said metal oxide coating scale-like pigment also has the function as a filler, the effect of the abrasion resistance improvement of a fluororesin layer, etc. is acquired.
- the scaly particles constituting the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment are at least one selected from the group consisting of silica flakes, glass flakes, and mica. is there. Thereby, an excellent color travel effect can be obtained.
- the particles having a scaly shape mean particles having an aspect ratio (average particle diameter / average thickness) of 5 or more.
- the aspect ratio can be calculated from the average particle diameter and average thickness measured by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the average value of the aspect ratio measured for 30 samples is adopted.
- the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment preferably has an aspect ratio of 5 to 750. More preferably, it is 20 to 200. A more preferred lower limit is 30, and a more preferred upper limit is 100.
- the aspect ratio of the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment can be measured by the method described above.
- the metal oxide is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal oxide. Titanium oxide (TiO 2 (titanium dioxide)), iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 (diiron trioxide)), tin oxide (SnO 2 ). (tin dioxide)), it can be used alone or in combination such as silicon oxide (SiO 2 (silicon dioxide)). Among them, at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide (TiO 2 (titanium dioxide)) and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 (diiron trioxide)) is preferable in that an excellent color travel effect can be obtained. . When the scale-like particles are mica, it is particularly preferable to use titanium oxide and silicon oxide in combination as the metal oxide.
- the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of silica flakes coated with a metal oxide, glass flakes coated with a metal oxide, and silicon oxide-coated mica. More preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide-coated silica flakes, iron oxide-coated silica flakes, titanium oxide-coated glass flakes, and titanium oxide / silicon oxide-coated mica, titanium oxide-coated silica flakes, iron oxide-coated silica More preferred is at least one selected from the group consisting of flakes and titanium oxide-coated glass flakes.
- the fluororesin layer preferably does not contain mica not coated with silicon oxide from the viewpoint of design.
- the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment preferably has an average particle size of 1 to 200 ⁇ m.
- a more preferred lower limit is 3 ⁇ m, a still more preferred lower limit is 5 ⁇ m, and a particularly preferred lower limit is 10 ⁇ m.
- a more preferred upper limit is 60 ⁇ m, a still more preferred upper limit is 50 ⁇ m, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 40 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size is a value calculated from a particle size distribution obtained by measurement with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size / particle size distribution measuring device (Microtrack MT3300II manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd., medium: pure water, temperature: room temperature). is there.
- the metal oxide is preferably 5 to 70% by mass of the total amount of the metal oxide and the scaly particles to be coated.
- a more preferred lower limit is 10% by mass, and a still more preferred lower limit is 14% by mass.
- a more preferable upper limit is 67 mass% and a still more preferable upper limit is 43 mass%.
- the content of the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment is preferably 0.1 to 20.0% by mass of the perfluoro fluororesin.
- a more preferred lower limit is 0.5% by mass, and a still more preferred lower limit is 2.0% by mass.
- a more preferable upper limit is 10.0 mass% and a still more preferable upper limit is 8.0 mass%.
- the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment can be produced by a conventionally known method.
- the fluororesin layer in the present invention may further contain various additives in addition to the perfluoro fluororesin and the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment.
- the additive include a fluorine-free resin; a pigment other than the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment (hereinafter also referred to as other pigment); a conductive filler, diamond, gold, silver, copper, platinum, and the like.
- a filler can be mentioned, These 1 type (s) or 2 or more types can be used.
- fluorine-free resin examples include polyamideimide resin, polyimide resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin, polyetheretherketone resin, aromatic polyester resin, and polyarylene sulfide resin.
- examples of the other pigments include mica (excluding metal oxide-coated mica), metal oxide-coated mica, carbon black, titanium oxide, and synthetic iron oxide. Of these, mica and metal oxide-coated mica are preferable.
- the content of the additive is preferably 0.1 to 20.0% by mass of the perfluoro fluororesin.
- the fluororesin layer preferably has a thickness of 5 to 70 ⁇ m. If the thickness is too thin, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cooking utensils may be reduced. If the thickness is too thick, when the cooking utensil is in the presence of water vapor, the water vapor tends to remain in the cooking utensil, and the corrosion resistance may be poor.
- a more preferable lower limit of the thickness of the fluororesin layer is 10 ⁇ m, and a more preferable lower limit is 15 ⁇ m.
- a more preferred upper limit is 60 ⁇ m, and a more preferred upper limit is 50 ⁇ m.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention may have one or more of the above fluororesin layers.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention further has a primer layer.
- the said primer layer will not be limited if it is excellent in adhesiveness with a base material, It is preferable that it consists of a fluoropolymer (a) and a heat resistant resin.
- the fluoropolymer (a) is a polymer having a fluorine atom that is directly bonded to the carbon atom constituting the main chain or side chain.
- the fluoropolymer (a) may be non-melt processable or melt processable.
- the fluorinated polymer (a) is preferably obtained by polymerizing a fluorinated monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon (I).
- fluorinated monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) (hereinafter also referred to as“ unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) ”)” is vinyl in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms are substituted by fluorine atoms.
- unsaturated hydrocarbon having one group in the molecule is meant.
- the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) a part or all of hydrogen atoms not substituted by fluorine atoms are halogen atoms other than fluorine atoms such as chlorine atoms and / or fluoroalkyl groups such as trifluoromethyl groups. It may be substituted by. However, the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) excludes trifluoroethylene described later.
- the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tetrafluoroethylene [TFE], hexafluoropropylene [HFP], chlorotrifluoroethylene [CTFE], vinylidene fluoride [VdF], and vinyl fluoride [ VF] and the like, and one or more of these can be used.
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- HFP hexafluoropropylene
- CTFE chlorotrifluoroethylene
- VdF vinylidene fluoride
- VF vinyl fluoride
- the fluoropolymer (a) may be a homopolymer of the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I).
- the homopolymer of the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) include, for example, tetrafluoroethylene homopolymer [TFE homopolymer], polychlorotrifluoroethylene [PCTFE], polyvinylidene fluoride [PVdF], polyvinyl fluoride [PVF]. ] Etc. are mentioned.
- the fluoropolymer (a) is also a copolymer of at least one kind of the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) and an unsaturated compound (II) that can be copolymerized with the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I). It may be.
- the polymer obtained by polymerizing only one or more of the unsaturated hydrocarbons (I) can be used as the fluoropolymer (a).
- a polymer obtained by polymerizing only the seeds or two or more unsaturated compounds (II) cannot be used as the fluoropolymer (a).
- the unsaturated compound (II) is different from the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I).
- the unsaturated compound (II) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include trifluoroethylene [3FH]; monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethylene [Et] and propylene [Pr]. These can use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.
- the fluoropolymer (a) may be a copolymer of two or more unsaturated hydrocarbons (I).
- the copolymer of the two or more unsaturated hydrocarbons (I) and the copolymer of the at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) and the unsaturated compound (II) are not particularly limited. Examples thereof include binary copolymers and ternary copolymers.
- the binary copolymer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a VdF / HFP copolymer, an Et / CTFE copolymer [ECTFE], an Et / HFP copolymer, and the like.
- the binary copolymer is also a TFE / HFP copolymer [FEP], a TFE / CTFE copolymer, a TFE / VdF copolymer, a TFE / 3FH copolymer, an Et / TFE copolymer [ETFE].
- TFE copolymers such as TFE / Pr copolymer may be used.
- the “TFE copolymer” means a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing TFE and one or more monomers other than TFE.
- the proportion of other monomers other than TFE added to the TFE copolymer is usually 1 mass of the total mass of the TFE and the other monomers. % Is preferably exceeded.
- Examples of the ternary copolymer include VdF / TFE / HFP copolymer.
- the other monomer other than the TFE in the TFE copolymer may be another monomer (III) that can be copolymerized with the following TFE.
- a seed monomer is preferred. These can use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types. Examples of such a TFE copolymer include TFE / perfluoro
- the fluoropolymer (a) may also be modified polytetrafluoroethylene [modified PTFE].
- modified PTFE means a product obtained by copolymerizing a small amount of a comonomer with TFE so as not to impart melt processability to the obtained copolymer.
- the small amount of the comonomer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include HFP and CTFE among the unsaturated hydrocarbons (I), and 3FH among the unsaturated compounds (II).
- monomers (III) PAVE, perfluoro (alkoxy vinyl ether), (perfluoroalkyl) ethylene and the like can be mentioned.
- One kind or two or more kinds of the small amount of comonomer can be used.
- the ratio in which the small amount of the comonomer is added to the modified PTFE varies depending on the type thereof. For example, when PAVE, perfluoro (alkoxy vinyl ether) or the like is used, the TFE and the small amount of the comonomer are usually used. It is preferably 0.001 to 1% by mass of the total mass with the polymer.
- the fluoropolymer (a) may be one type or two or more types, and is a copolymer of one type of the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) and the unsaturated hydrocarbon (I). Or a mixture of two or more of the above unsaturated hydrocarbon (I) copolymers.
- the mixture examples include a mixture of a TFE homopolymer and the TFE copolymer, a mixture of two or more types of copolymers belonging to the TFE copolymer, and the like.
- examples thereof include a mixture of TFE homopolymer and PFA, a mixture of TFE homopolymer and FEP, a mixture of TFE homopolymer, PFA and FEP, a mixture of PFA and FEP, and the like.
- the fluoropolymer (a) is also a perfluoroalkyl group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer (IV) having a perfluoroalkyl group (hereinafter also referred to as “unsaturated monomer (IV)”). It may be obtained by polymerizing.
- the unsaturated monomer (IV) has the following general formula
- Rf represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 1 represents —H or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 3 represents —H or a methyl group
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms
- r represents an integer of 1 to 10
- s represents an integer of 0 to 10. It is expressed by.
- the fluoropolymer (a) may be a homopolymer of the unsaturated monomer (IV), or the unsaturated monomer (IV) and the unsaturated monomer (IV).
- a copolymer with the monomer (V) that can be copolymerized.
- the monomer (V) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl ester (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, N-methylolpropane acrylamide, (meth) acrylic.
- (Meth) acrylic acid derivatives such as acid amides and alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid having an alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; ethylene, vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methyl Substituted or unsubstituted ethylene such as styrene; alkyl vinyl ethers in which the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, vinyl ethers such as halogenated alkyl vinyl ethers in which the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms; Vinyl ketones such as vinyl alkyl ketones of 20 to 20; anhydrous male Aliphatic unsaturated polycarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof such as phosphate; butadiene, isoprene, polyenes such as chloroprene.
- the fluoropolymer (a) can be obtained, for example, by using a conventionally known polymerization method such as emulsion polymerization.
- the fluoropolymer (a) is preferably at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a TFE homopolymer, a modified PTFE and the TFE copolymer from the viewpoint that the resulting cooking utensil has excellent corrosion resistance.
- the TFE copolymer is preferably at least one copolymer selected from the group consisting of FEP and PFA.
- the fluoropolymer (a) is preferably at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of TFE homopolymer, modified PTFE, FEP and PFA.
- the thing containing a TFE type copolymer is preferable from the point which the adhesiveness of a primer layer and a fluororesin layer is excellent in the obtained cooking utensil.
- the fluorine-containing polymer (a) containing a TFE copolymer include PFA alone, a mixture of TFE homopolymer and FEP, a mixture of TFE homopolymer and PFA, a mixture of modified PTFE and FEP, or A mixture of modified PTFE and PFA is preferred.
- the fluoropolymer (a) in the primer layer is a PFA alone, a mixture of TFE homopolymer and PFA, because the resulting cooking utensil has excellent corrosion resistance and excellent adhesion between the primer layer and the fluororesin layer.
- the heat-resistant resin that can constitute the primer layer is usually a resin that is recognized as having heat resistance, and is preferably a resin having a continuous usable temperature of 150 ° C. or higher.
- the above-mentioned fluoropolymer (a) is excluded as the heat-resistant resin.
- the heat-resistant resin is not particularly limited.
- the heat-resistant resin is not particularly limited.
- it is preferable that it is at least one selected resin.
- the polyamide-imide resin [PAI] is a resin composed of a polymer having an amide bond and an imide bond in the molecular structure.
- the PAI is not particularly limited.
- Reacts with diamines such as 4,4-diaminophenyl ether and diisocyanates such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- consists of a high molecular weight polymer obtained by each reaction such as a reaction between a dibasic acid having an aromatic imide ring in the molecule and a diamine
- resins As said PAI, what consists of a polymer which has an aromatic ring in a principal chain from the point which is excellent in heat resistance is preferable.
- the polyimide resin [PI] is a resin made of a polymer having an imide bond in the molecular structure.
- the PI is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a resin made of a high molecular weight polymer obtained by a reaction of an aromatic tetravalent carboxylic anhydride such as pyromellitic anhydride.
- an aromatic tetravalent carboxylic anhydride such as pyromellitic anhydride.
- what consists of a polymer which has an aromatic ring in a principal chain from the point which is excellent in heat resistance is preferable.
- the polyethersulfone resin [PES] has the following general formula:
- the PES is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a resin made of a polymer obtained by polycondensation of dichlorodiphenyl sulfone and bisphenol.
- the above heat-resistant resin is excellent in adhesion with the base material, has sufficient heat resistance even at the temperature during firing performed when forming a cooking utensil, and the resulting cooking utensil is excellent in corrosion resistance, PAI, It is preferably at least one resin selected from the group consisting of PI and PES. Each of PAI, PI, and PES may be composed of one type or two or more types.
- the heat resistant resin is more preferably at least one resin selected from the group consisting of PAI and PI from the viewpoint of excellent adhesion to the substrate and heat resistance.
- the heat-resistant resin is preferably made of PES and at least one resin selected from the group consisting of PAI and PI from the viewpoint of excellent corrosion resistance. That is, the heat resistant resin may be a mixture of PES and PAI, a mixture of PES and PI, or a mixture of PES, PAI, and PI.
- the heat-resistant resin is particularly preferably a mixture of PES and PAI.
- the heat resistant resin is composed of PES and at least one resin selected from the group consisting of PAI and PI
- the PES is at least selected from the group consisting of PES, PAI and PI. It is preferably 65 to 85% by mass of the total amount with one kind of resin. More preferably, it is 70 to 80% by mass.
- the content of the heat resistant resin is preferably 10 to 50% by mass of the total solid content of the heat resistant resin and the fluoropolymer (a). More preferably, it is 10 to 40% by mass, and still more preferably 15 to 30% by mass.
- the “solid content” means a solid at 20 ° C.
- the above-mentioned “total amount of solid content of the above heat-resistant resin and fluoropolymer (a)” means that the primer coating composition is applied on a substrate and then dried at a temperature of 80 to 100 ° C. It means the total mass of the above heat-resistant resin and fluoropolymer (a) in the residue after baking at 380 to 400 ° C. for 45 minutes.
- the primer layer is usually formed on a substrate.
- the primer layer can be obtained, for example, by applying a primer coating composition comprising a fluoropolymer (a) and a heat-resistant resin on a substrate, drying it if necessary, and then baking it.
- the primer layer thus obtained has a difference in surface tension between the fluoropolymer (a) and the heat-resistant resin, so that the fluoropolymer (a) floats during firing.
- the fluoropolymer (a) is mainly disposed on the surface side at a distance from the substrate, and the heat-resistant resin is mainly disposed on the substrate side.
- the primer layer is composed of the fluoropolymer (a) and the heat-resistant resin
- the heat-resistant resin has adhesiveness to the base material, and therefore has excellent adhesion to the base material.
- the said fluoropolymer (a) has affinity with perfluoro type fluororesins, such as PTFE, the said primer layer is excellent in adhesiveness with a fluororesin layer.
- the said primer layer consists of the said fluoropolymer (a) and the said heat resistant resin, it has the outstanding adhesiveness with respect to both a base material and a fluororesin layer.
- the primer layer is preferably composed of a polymer component and an additive.
- the additive is not particularly limited, and for example, a leveling agent, a solid lubricant, an anti-settling agent, a moisture absorbent, a surface conditioner, a thixotropic agent, a viscosity modifier, an antigelling agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a light Stabilizer, plasticizer, anti-coloring agent, anti-skinning agent, anti-scratch agent, anti-mold agent, antibacterial agent, antioxidant, anti-static agent, silane coupling agent, wood powder, quartz sand, carbon black, Clay, talc, diamond, fluorinated diamond, tourmaline, agate, germanium, extender pigment, corundum, silica, boron nitride, boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, alumina, silica powder, chrysoberyl, topaz, beryl, garnet, quartz , Garnet, zirconium oxide,
- the primer layer is preferably such that the polymer component is a fluoropolymer (a) and a heat resistant resin.
- the “primer layer is that the polymer component is a fluoropolymer (a) and a heat resistant resin” means that the polymer in the primer layer is only a fluoropolymer (a) and a heat resistant resin. It means that.
- the said primer layer has the adhesiveness excellent with respect to both a base material and a fluororesin layer because the polymer component is a fluoropolymer (a) and a heat resistant resin.
- the primer layer is preferably one in which the polymer component is a fluoropolymer (a) and a heat resistant resin from the viewpoint of efficiently exhibiting excellent adhesion to both the base material and the fluororesin layer.
- the fluorine-containing polymer (a) and the heat-resistant resin it may be made of another resin from the viewpoint that the corrosion resistance of the cooking utensil can be further improved.
- other resins include phenol resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, melamine resin, polyester resin, polyether resin, acrylic resin, acrylic silicone resin, silicone resin, and silicone polyester resin.
- the primer layer preferably has a thickness of 5 to 30 ⁇ m. If the thickness is too thin, pinholes are likely to occur, and the corrosion resistance of the cooking utensils may be reduced. If the thickness is too thick, cracks are likely to occur, and the corrosion resistance of the cooking utensils may be reduced.
- the upper limit with more preferable thickness of the said primer layer is 20 micrometers.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention has a base material, a primer layer, and a fluororesin layer, the base material, the primer layer, and the fluororesin layer are preferably laminated in this order.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention may be printed with letters, drawings, and the like on the upper surface of the primer layer.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention has no other layer between the base material, the primer layer, and the fluororesin layer, but for example, if necessary, the primer layer and the fluororesin layer Another layer may be interposed between the layers.
- the fluororesin layer is preferably the outermost layer in that the color travel effect of the fluororesin layer can be maximized.
- another layer may be provided on the fluororesin layer.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention may further have a clear layer in order to protect the fluororesin layer.
- the material constituting the clear layer is not limited as long as it is transparent and does not impair the color travel effect of the fluororesin layer.
- the fluorine exemplified as the perfluoro fluororesin constituting the fluororesin layer. Resin may be used. Among these, PTFE (TFE homopolymer and / or modified PTFE) is preferable.
- the clear layer is preferably made of only the fluororesin described above.
- the thickness of the clear layer is preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention has a base material, a primer layer, a fluororesin layer, and a clear layer
- it can be produced, for example, by the following production method. That is, the step (1) of forming a primer coating film by applying the primer coating composition (i) on a substrate, and the perfluoro fluororesin and the metal oxide-coated scale on the primer coating film.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention can be manufactured by a method including the step (4) of forming a cooking utensil comprising:
- the step (1) is a step of forming a primer coating film by applying the primer coating composition (i) on a substrate.
- the primer coating composition (i) is preferably composed of a fluoropolymer (a) and a heat resistant resin.
- the fluorine-containing polymer (a) and the heat resistant resin are as described above.
- the primer coating composition (i) may be liquid or powder.
- the primer coating composition (i) is in a liquid state, it is composed of a liquid medium together with the fluoropolymer (a) and a heat-resistant resin.
- the liquid medium is usually composed of water and / or an organic liquid.
- the “organic liquid” means an organic compound that is liquid at a room temperature of about 20 ° C.
- the heat-resistant resin and the fluoropolymer (a) are dispersed in the liquid medium as particles, and / or Or it melt
- an organic liquid a conventionally well-known organic solvent etc. may be used, may be used independently, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the heat-resistant resin is dispersed as particles in the liquid medium
- the fluoropolymer (a) is: Dispersed as particles in the liquid medium.
- the primer coating composition (i) is usually a surfactant for the purpose of dispersing and stabilizing the particles comprising the fluoropolymer (a) when the liquid medium is mainly composed of water. Is added.
- a conventionally known surfactant may be used as the surfactant.
- the said organic liquid can also be used together with the said surfactant for the purpose of carrying out the dispersion stabilization of the particle
- the primer coating composition (i) may also be an organosol obtained by the method described in JP-B-49-17017.
- the primer coating composition (i) is preferably a liquid from the viewpoint of excellent adhesion to the substrate, and more preferably a liquid medium mainly composed of water from the viewpoint of environmental problems.
- the above-mentioned primer coating composition (i), together with the above-mentioned fluoropolymer (a) and a heat-resistant resin, is further used for the purpose of further improving the coating workability and the corrosion resistance of the resulting cooking utensil. It may consist of.
- the primer coating composition (i) is composed of the fluoropolymer (a) and the heat-resistant resin as well as the other resins described above from the viewpoint that the corrosion resistance of the cooking utensil can be further improved. May be.
- the method for applying the primer coating composition (i) on the substrate is not particularly limited, and when the primer coating composition (i) is liquid, for example, spray coating, roll coating, or doctor blade coating. Dip (immersion) coating, impregnation coating, spin flow coating, curtain flow coating, and the like, and spray coating is particularly preferable.
- the primer coating composition (i) is a powder
- electrostatic coating, fluid dipping method, rolining method and the like among which electrostatic coating is preferable.
- baking may be performed before performing the step (2), or baking may not be performed.
- the said coating composition (i) for primers is liquid, after the said application
- the drying is preferably performed at a temperature of 70 to 300 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes.
- the firing is preferably performed at a temperature of 260 to 410 ° C. for 10 to 30 minutes.
- the primer coating composition (i) When the primer coating composition (i) is in a liquid state, in the step (1), it is preferable to dry after coating on the substrate. Moreover, since baking of a coating film laminated body is performed in the below-mentioned process (4), it is preferable not to perform baking.
- the primer coating composition (i) is a powder
- the primer coating film is formed by applying the primer coating composition (i) on a substrate and then drying or baking as necessary.
- the primer coating film becomes a primer layer in the resulting cooking utensil.
- the step (2) is a step of forming a coating film (Ap) by applying a paint (ii) containing a perfluoro fluororesin and the metal oxide-coated scale-like pigment on the primer coating film.
- the paint (ii) in the step (2) may be a powder paint containing particles made of a perfluoro fluororesin and the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment, or may be a liquid paint such as an aqueous paint. Good.
- a liquid paint is preferred in that it can be applied evenly to the object to be coated and a smooth coating film can be obtained, and it is easy to obtain a thick coating film with a small number of coatings without requiring a drying step. In some respects, a powder coating is preferred.
- the coating material (ii) is a liquid coating material
- the particles made of perfluoro fluorine resin and the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment are dispersed in a liquid medium, and particles made of perfluoro fluorine resin and It is more preferable that the metal oxide-coated scaly pigment is an aqueous paint in which an aqueous medium mainly composed of water is dispersed.
- the average particle diameter of the perfluoro fluororesin particles in the paint (ii) is preferably 0.01 to 40 ⁇ m in the case of a liquid paint and 1.0 to 50 ⁇ m in the case of a powder paint.
- the method for applying the paint (ii) on the primer coating film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the same method as the method for applying the primer coating composition (i).
- the paint (ii) is a powder paint, electrostatic coating is preferred.
- step (2) after apply
- the drying or firing in the step (2) is preferably performed under the same conditions as the drying or firing in the step (1).
- the coating film (Ap) is formed by applying a paint (ii) on the primer coating film and then drying or baking as necessary.
- the coating film (Ap) becomes the fluororesin layer in the resulting cooking utensil.
- the composition of the paint (ii) may be changed as necessary, and the step (2) may be repeated.
- the step (3) is a step of forming the coating film (Bp) by applying a coating (iii) containing a fluororesin on the coating film (Ap).
- the paint (iii) in the above step (3) may be a powder paint containing particles made of a fluororesin or a liquid paint such as a water-based paint, but it can be applied evenly to an object to be coated.
- it is preferably a liquid paint in that a coating film having a smooth surface can be obtained, and it is a powder paint in that it is easy to obtain a thick coating film with a small number of coatings without requiring a drying step. It is preferable.
- the coating material (iii) is a liquid coating material
- particles made of a fluororesin are dispersed in a liquid medium
- an aqueous coating material in which particles made of a fluororesin are mainly dispersed in an aqueous medium made of water More preferably.
- the average particle diameter of the particles made of the fluororesin in the paint (iii) is preferably 0.01 to 40 ⁇ m in the case of liquid paint and 1.0 to 50 ⁇ m in the case of powder paint.
- the method for applying the paint (iii) on the coating film (Ap) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the same method as the method for applying the primer coating composition (i).
- the paint (iii) is a powder paint, electrostatic coating is preferred.
- the coating film (Bp) may be formed by drying or baking as necessary after the coating.
- the drying or firing in the step (3) is preferably performed under the same conditions as the drying or firing in the step (1).
- the coating film (Bp) becomes a clear layer in the resulting cooking utensil.
- the step (3) may be omitted.
- the coating film laminate including the primer coating film, the coating film (Ap), and the coating film (Bp) is baked, so that the substrate, the primer layer, the layer (A), and the layer (B) It is the process of forming the cooking utensil which becomes.
- the firing in the step (4) is preferably performed under the same conditions as the firing in the steps (1) to (3).
- the manufacturing method includes a step of printing characters, drawings, etc. after the step (1) of forming the primer coating film or the step (2) of forming the coating film (Ap). May be.
- the printing method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include pad transfer printing. It does not specifically limit as printing ink used for the said printing, For example, the composition which consists of PES, a TFE homopolymer, and a titanium oxide is mentioned.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention can be used for applications utilizing the non-adhesiveness, heat resistance, slipperiness, etc. of the fluororesin, such as frying pan, pressure cooker, pan, grill pan, rice cooker, oven, hot It can be suitably used as a cooking utensil such as a plate, a baking mold, a kitchen knife, a gas table, a home bakery, a microwave oven inner surface, a jar pot, an electric kettle, a pottery ware, a waffle maker, or a hot sand maker.
- the cooking utensil of the present invention maintains a sufficient color travel effect even after use in a high temperature environment such as cooking, and can maintain excellent design properties.
- the fluororesin layer in the present invention is preferably provided on a surface that can come into contact with a cooking material such as food.
- a cooking material such as food.
- the cooking utensil is a frying pan
- the aspect ratio (average particle diameter / average thickness) was calculated from the average particle diameter and average thickness measured by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the average value of the aspect ratios measured for 30 samples was adopted.
- the average particle size was calculated from the particle size distribution obtained by measurement using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size / particle size distribution measuring device (Microtrack MT3300II manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd., medium: pure water, temperature: room temperature).
- Base material The base material which carried out the surface degreasing process of the aluminum plate (A1050) with acetone was used.
- ⁇ Formation of primer coating> Air spray using W-101 (manufactured by Anest Iwata Co., Ltd., small spray gun) with an atomizing pressure of 0.2 MPa on the coated surface of the base material so that the dry paint film is 10-15 ⁇ m. Painted with.
- the primer paint used was a fluororesin primer paint (trade name “Polyflon PTFE EK-1909S21R”, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.). After coating, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 15 minutes in a circulating hot air dryer or infrared dryer to form a primer coating film.
- the clear base coating composition (hereinafter also referred to as “clear base”) is a fluorine-containing resin clear coating manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd., and is obtained by mixing the following components in the order described. .
- a bright fluororesin coating composition for middle coat filtered using a 150-mesh wire mesh is W-101 (Anest Iwata (anest Iwata) with an atomization pressure of 0.2 MPa so that the coating film after firing is 5 to 30 ⁇ m. Coated on the primer coating film by air spray using a small spray gun manufactured by Co., Ltd. After coating, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 15 minutes with a circulating hot air dryer or infrared dryer to obtain a dried coating film. When a top coat layer is provided, the middle coat layer is not essential and can be omitted.
- ⁇ Formation of top coat film> W-101 (Anest Iwata (Anesto Iwata), with an atomization pressure of 0.2 MPa, is applied to a fluorinated fluororesin coating composition for a top coat that has been filtered using a 150-mesh wire mesh so that the fired coating film has a thickness of 5 to 30 ⁇ m. Coated on a primer coating film or a middle coating film by air spraying using a small spray gun manufactured by Co., Ltd. After coating, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 15 minutes with a circulating hot air dryer or infrared dryer to obtain a dried coating film.
- the clear coating composition in this example is a coating composition that can provide a transparent coating film that does not contain a glittering material and a pigment, and is the same as the clear base coating composition described above.
- the clear coating composition was applied on the middle coat film or the top coat film by the same method as the method for forming the middle coat film or the top coat film, and dried to form a clear film.
- Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 A laminate for evaluation having a layer structure shown in Table 1 was produced according to the above method.
- the blending amounts of the fluororesin and the pigment in the coating composition used in each example and comparative example are as follows. The blending amount of each component was expressed in solid parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the coating composition (residue of the coating layer when the coating composition was applied and baked at 380 ° C.).
- the compounding amount of each component in the glittering fluororesin coating composition was expressed in terms of parts by weight of the solid content of each component with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the coating composition.
- Abbreviations in Table 1 are as follows.
- SF1 Color stream T10-03 (titanium dioxide-coated silica flake, aspect ratio 58, average particle size of about 18 ⁇ m, manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.)
- SF2 Color stream F10-00 (silica flakes coated with ferric trioxide, aspect ratio 52, average particle size of about 18 ⁇ m, manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.)
- SF3 Color stream T10-05 (titanium dioxide / silicon dioxide-coated mica (TiO 2 : 34.0%, SiO 2 : 33.0%), aspect ratio 54, average particle size of about 24 ⁇ m, manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.)
- M1 Iriodin 103 (titanium dioxide-co
- Examples 13 and 14 Base material and primer layer in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending amount (parts by weight) of the fluororesin and pigment in the glittering fluororesin coating composition used for the topcoat layer was changed as follows. And the laminated body which consists of a topcoat layer was produced. (Example 13) Fluororesin in clear base 100.0 Color stream T10-03 2.0 (Example 14) Fluororesin in clear base 100.0 Color stream T10-03 20.0
- the heat resistance test was done as follows. (Heat resistance test) The laminate was placed in a circulating hot air drier maintained at 260 ° C. for 2 hours and heated, and the color difference and gloss retention before and after placing were measured. The results are shown in Table 2. For the measurement, a gloss color difference meter (SM-7, manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) was used. The color difference ( ⁇ E) was calculated by the following formula based on the color tone before the heat resistance test and the color tone after the test.
- SM-7 gloss color difference meter
- ⁇ E ( ⁇ a 2 + ⁇ b 2 + ⁇ L 2 ) 1/2 ( ⁇ E: color difference, ⁇ a: difference in red (+) green ( ⁇ ) direction in Lab color system, ⁇ b: yellow (+) in Lab color system Difference in blue (-) direction, ⁇ L: Difference in white (+) black (-) direction in Lab color system
- G G1 / G0 ⁇ 100 (G: gloss retention (%), G0: gloss value before test, G1: gloss value after test)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Frying-Pans Or Fryers (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
上記2元共重合体は、また、TFE/HFP共重合体〔FEP〕、TFE/CTFE共重合体、TFE/VdF共重合体、TFE/3FH共重合体、Et/TFE共重合体〔ETFE〕、TFE/Pr共重合体等のTFE系共重合体であってもよい。本明細書において、上記「TFE系共重合体」とは、TFEと、TFE以外のその他の単量体の1種又は2種以上とを共重合して得られるものを意味する。上記TFE系共重合体は、通常、上記TFE系共重合体中に付加されているTFE以外のその他の単量体の割合が、上記TFEと上記その他の単量体との合計質量の1質量%を超えていることが好ましい。
X(CF2)mOnCF=CF2
(式中、Xは、-H、-Cl又は-Fを表し、mは、1~6の整数を表し、nは、0又は1の整数を表す。)で表される化合物(但し、HFPを除く。)、下記一般式
C3F7O[CF(CF3)CF2O]p-CF=CF2
(式中、pは、1又は2の整数を表す。)で表される化合物、及び、下記一般式
X(CF2)qCY=CH2
(式中、Xは、上記と同じであり、Yは、-H又は-Fを表し、qは、1~6の整数を表す。)で表される化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の単量体であることが好ましい。これらは、1種又は2種以上を用いることができる。このようなTFE系共重合体としては、例えば、TFE/パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)〔PAVE〕共重合体〔PFA〕等が挙げられる。
上記含フッ素重合体(a)は、上記不飽和単量体(IV)の単独重合体であってもよいし、また、上記不飽和単量体(IV)と上記不飽和単量体(IV)と共重合し得る単量体(V)との共重合体であってもよい。
すなわち、基材上に、プライマー用被覆組成物(i)を塗布することによりプライマー塗布膜を形成する工程(1)、プライマー塗布膜上に、上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂及び上記金属酸化物被覆鱗片状顔料を含む塗料(ii)を塗布することにより塗布膜(Ap)を形成する工程(2)、塗布膜(Ap)上にフッ素樹脂を含む塗料(iii)を塗布することにより塗布膜(Bp)を形成する工程(3)、並びに、プライマー塗布膜、塗布膜(Ap)及び塗布膜(Bp)からなる塗布膜積層体を焼成することにより、基材、プライマー層、フッ素樹脂層及びクリヤー層からなる調理器具を形成する工程(4)を含む方法により、本発明の調理器具を製造することができる。
アスペクト比(平均粒径/平均厚み)は、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)により測定する平均粒径及び平均厚みから算出し、30個のサンプルについて測定したアスペクト比の平均値を採用した。
平均粒径は、レーザー回折・散乱式粒子径・粒度分布測定装置(日機装(株)製マイクロトラックMT3300II、媒体:純水、温度:室温)により測定して得られる粒度分布から算出した。
アルミニウム板(A1050)をアセトンで表面脱脂処理した基材を使用した。
基材の被塗面に、プライマー塗料を乾燥塗膜が10~15μmになるように、霧化圧0.2MPaでW-101(アネスト岩田(株)製、小型スプレーガン)を用いてエアースプレーで塗装した。
使用したプライマー塗料は、フッ素樹脂系プライマー塗料(商品名「ポリフロンPTFE EK-1909S21R」、ダイキン工業(株)製)である。塗装後、循環式熱風乾燥機または赤外乾燥機にて100℃×15分間乾燥して、プライマー塗膜を形成した。
(クリヤーベース塗料組成物の調製)
クリヤーベース塗料組成物(以下、クリヤーベースともいう。)は、ダイキン工業(株)製の含フッ素樹脂クリヤー塗料であり、下記の各成分を、記載の順序で混合して得られたものである。
(A)PTFE水性分散液(平均粒子径0.3μm、固形分濃度60%、PTFEに対して分散安定剤としてポリオキシエチレントリデシルエーテル(エチレンオキサイド8.5モル)を6%含有) 78.7部
(B)グリセリン 4.7部
(C)解重合性アクリル樹脂粒子エマルジョン(ブチルアクリレート系樹脂。平均粒子径0.3μm、固形分濃度40%) 11.8部
(D)非イオン性界面活性剤(ポリオキシエチレントリデシルエーテル、日油(株)製のディスパノールTOC(20%水溶液) 4.7部
(その他)増粘剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムの25%水溶液) 1.9部
光輝性材料(例えば、二酸化チタン被覆シリカフレーク、メルク(株)製のカラーストリーム(Colorstream)T10-03)を計量し水に添加して混合、均一にしてから、クリヤーベース塗料組成物に添加して、3-1モーターを使用して300rpmで20分間混合攪拌して、光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物を得た。
ミドルコート用光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物を150メッシュの金網を用いて濾過したものを焼成後の塗膜が5~30μmになるように、霧化圧0.2MPaでW-101(アネスト岩田(株)製、小型スプレーガン)を用いてエアースプレーでプライマー塗膜上に塗装した。塗装後、循環式熱風乾燥機または赤外乾燥機にて100℃×15分間乾燥して、乾燥塗膜を得た。トップコート層を設ける場合、ミドルコート層は必須ではなく、省略することも可能である。
トップコート用光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物を150メッシュの金網を用いて濾過したものを焼成後の塗膜が5~30μmになるように、霧化圧0.2MPaでW-101(アネスト岩田(株)製、小型スプレーガン)を用いてエアースプレーでプライマー塗膜上又はミドルコート塗膜上に塗装した。塗装後、循環式熱風乾燥機または赤外乾燥機にて100℃×15分間乾燥して、乾燥塗膜を得た。
本実施例におけるクリヤー塗料組成物は、光輝性材料、顔料を含まない透明性塗膜を得られる塗料組成物であり、前述したクリヤーベース塗料組成物と同一である。
ミドルコート塗膜又はトップコート塗膜の形成方法と同様の方法により、ミドルコート塗膜上又はトップコート塗膜上にクリヤー塗料組成物を塗布し、乾燥して、クリヤー塗膜を形成した。
上記のようにして得られた乾燥塗膜の積層体を、焼成炉で380℃の温度で20分間焼成して、評価用積層体を形成した。
表1に示す層構造の評価用積層体を、上記方法に従って作製した。各実施例及び比較例で用いた塗料組成物中のフッ素樹脂及び顔料の配合量は以下のとおりである。各成分の配合量は、塗料組成物の固形分(塗料組成物を塗布し、380℃で焼成した場合の塗膜層の残分)100重量部に対する固形分重量部で表した。
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 93.0
カラーストリームT10-03 7.0
(実施例2及び実施例10のトップコート層並びに実施例8のミドルコート層の光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 93.0
カラーストリームT10-03 3.5
イリオジン103 3.5
(実施例3及び実施例11のトップコート層並びに実施例9のミドルコート層の光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 93.0
カラーストリームF10-00 7.0
(実施例5のトップコート層の光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 93.0
カラーストリームT10-05 7.0
(実施例6のトップコート層の光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 93.0
カラーストリームT10-05 3.5
イリオジン103 3.5
(実施例10のミドルコート層並びに実施例4及び実施例12のトップコート層の光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 93.0
カラーストリームF10-00 3.5
イリオジン103 3.5
(実施例11及び比較例3のミドルコート層並びに比較例1のトップコート層の光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 93.0
イリオジン103 7.0
(実施例12及び比較例4のミドルコート層並びに比較例2のトップコート層の光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 93.0
イリオジン303 7.0
(評価方法)
意匠性を目視で以下の基準で評価した。
3:見る角度により色相の異なる度合いが大きい。
2:見る角度により色相の異なる度合いが中程度である。
1:見る角度を変えても異なる色相にはほとんどならない。
また、表1における略称は以下のとおりである。
SF1:カラーストリームT10-03(二酸化チタン被覆シリカフレーク、アスペクト比 58、平均粒径 約18μm、メルク(株)製)
SF2:カラーストリームF10-00(三酸化二鉄被覆シリカフレーク、アスペクト比 52、平均粒径 約18μm、メルク(株)製)
SF3:カラーストリームT10-05(二酸化チタン/二酸化ケイ素被覆マイカ(TiO2:34.0%、SiO2:33.0%)、アスペクト比 54、平均粒径 約24μm、メルク(株)製)
M1:イリオジン103(二酸化チタン被覆マイカ、アスペクト比 37、平均粒径 約22μm、メルク(株)製)
M2:イリオジン303(三酸化二鉄被覆マイカ、アスペクト比 39、平均粒径 約19μm、メルク(株)製)
トップコート層に使用される光輝性フッ素樹脂塗料組成物中のフッ素樹脂及び顔料の配合量(重量部)を以下のように変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、基材、プライマー層及びトップコート層からなる積層体を作製した。
(実施例13)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 100.0
カラーストリームT10-03 2.0
(実施例14)
クリヤーベース中のフッ素樹脂 100.0
カラーストリームT10-03 20.0
(耐熱性試験)
炉内雰囲気温度を260℃に保持した循環式熱風乾燥機内に積層体を2時間入れて加熱し、入れる前と後での色差と光沢保持率とを測定した。結果を表2に示す。
測定には、光沢色差計(スガ試験機(株)製、SM-7)を使用した。
色差(ΔE)は、耐熱性試験前の色調及び試験後の色調に基づき、次の計算式により算出した。
ΔE=(Δa2+Δb2+ΔL2)1/2 (ΔE:色差、Δa:Lab表色系での赤(+)緑(-)方向の差、Δb:Lab表色系での黄(+)青(-)方向の差、ΔL:Lab表色系での白(+)黒(-)方向の差)
光沢保持率(G)は、耐熱性試験前の鏡面光沢値に対する試験後の鏡面光沢値の割合で表し、次の計算式により算出した。
G = G1 / G0 × 100 (G:光沢保持率(%)、G0:試験前の光沢値、G1:試験後の光沢値)
また、実施例13及び14にて塗膜の耐熱性を色調と光沢の変化で測定したところ、両項目とも変化は小さく、目視判定での塗膜外観の変化は色調、艶ともにほとんど差がなく問題のない範囲であった。
Claims (7)
- 基材と、パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂、及び、鱗片状粒子からなる顔料を含むフッ素樹脂層と、を有する調理器具であって、
前記顔料は、金属酸化物で被覆されたシリカフレーク、金属酸化物で被覆されたガラスフレーク及び酸化ケイ素被覆マイカからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする調理器具。 - 金属酸化物が、酸化チタン、酸化鉄、酸化スズ及び酸化ケイ素からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1記載の調理器具。
- パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂が、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含む請求項1又は2記載の調理器具。
- フッ素樹脂層が、更にマイカを含む請求項1、2又は3記載の調理器具。
- 更にプライマー層を有する請求項1、2、3又は4記載の調理器具。
- 更にクリヤー層を有する請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載の調理器具。
- フライパンである請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載の調理器具。
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US20150203703A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
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EP2881022B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
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