WO2014017168A1 - 裏漉し機の運転方法 - Google Patents
裏漉し機の運転方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014017168A1 WO2014017168A1 PCT/JP2013/065099 JP2013065099W WO2014017168A1 WO 2014017168 A1 WO2014017168 A1 WO 2014017168A1 JP 2013065099 W JP2013065099 W JP 2013065099W WO 2014017168 A1 WO2014017168 A1 WO 2014017168A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mill
- gap
- mills
- conical
- rotational
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J19/00—Household machines for straining foodstuffs; Household implements for mashing or straining foodstuffs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/02—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs
- B02C7/08—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs with vertical axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/11—Details
- B02C7/12—Shape or construction of discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/11—Details
- B02C7/14—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling distance between, discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/11—Details
- B02C7/16—Driving mechanisms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of operating a back-rolling machine suitable for producing purees by passing various food materials (eg, vegetables, fruits, grains, etc.) which have been heat-softened with superheated steam through a strainer, It relates to an automatic backing device.
- various food materials eg, vegetables, fruits, grains, etc.
- NePuree Co., Ltd. various foods (eg, vegetables, etc.) that have been heat-softened for a short time (eg, 30 to 240 seconds) in a superheated steam (eg, superheated steam of A novel puree producing method has been proposed by which fruits, grains, etc.) are passed through a strainer (also referred to as a "screen”) and subjected to a backwashing treatment (see Patent Document 1).
- a strainer also referred to as a "screen”
- the food material is heated and softened with high temperature superheated steam for a short period of time and in a nearly anoxic state prior to the backcoating processing, so the food is boiled for a long time before the backcoating processing.
- ordinary puree which can be heat-softened, it can minimize the oxidation of food and the destruction of cells in the process of heat-softening, and it will grind the heat-softened food as much as possible.
- the puree finally obtained because the cell membrane is left intact without breaking the cell membrane since the puree finally obtained as it is passed through as it is without passing through to the strainer and the deterioration due to oxidation is also small.
- some foods have additional effects (immunostimulation effect, immune balance suppression effect, tea Nutritional enhancement effect, soybean nutritional value enhancement effect) also have the advantage of a obtained (see Patent Documents 2-5).
- the diameter is smaller than that of the same container in a plurality of cylindrical containers that rotate around the inclined rotation axis while revolving around the vertical revolving axis.
- the softened food is continuously introduced from the top into the container (see Patent Documents 1 and 6).
- Patent Documents 1 and 6 There is known a second conventional apparatus (see Patent Document 7) and the like which can discharge the filtrate (puree) and the residue separately and continuously from the bottom while supplying it.
- a conical concave strainer (screen) is faced with concave surface up.
- the liquid material passes through (permeates) the inclined surface of the strainer by centrifugal force, while the solid content increases along the conical inclined surface of the strainer by centrifugal force, and the upper end
- Patent Document 8 A third prior art device (Patent Document 8) is known which overflows from the peripheral edge (is thrown off by centrifugal force).
- Patent Document 9 A fourth prior art apparatus which crushes grains in the interstices.
- the device is originally designed for the purpose of crushing and mixing multiple foods, so it may be suitable for the production of a mixed puree of multiple foods, but the revolution is maintained
- a complicated supply and discharge mechanism must be adopted, and the apparatus must be expensive. I can not get it.
- the food pressing force required to pass the strainer depends on the complex synthetic centrifugal force of revolution and rotation
- the adjustment of the food pressing force is due to the change in rotation speed of both rotation and revolution, and softening It is not always easy to obtain the optimum food pressing force necessary for passing the strainer according to the properties of the food (density, hardness, size, fiber content, water content, etc.).
- the liquid component passes the strainer by centrifugal force, while the solid content rises along the conical inclined surface of the strainer by the centrifugal force and overflows from the upper end peripheral portion.
- solid-liquid mixed materials where solid content and liquid content are clearly separated or that liquid content is sufficiently large compared to solid content, softened foodstuff by superheated steam
- it is not always suitable for use in solid-liquid separation from solid-liquid mixed materials in which the combination of solid content and liquid content is relatively strong or not clearly separated.
- the lower mill having the conical convex rubbing surface and the upper mill having the conical concave rubbing surface are coaxially arranged to face each other up and down while rotating them relatively.
- the grain is crushed, but its use is limited to the milling of dry grain such as grain, and the application to the use of solid-liquid separation from solid-liquid mixed raw material is also suggested
- the present inventors previously directed in both forward and reverse directions around the central cone axis with the conical concave surface serving as the filtering surface facing upward. And a lower mill rotatably supported, and an upper mill rotatably supported in both forward and reverse directions around a central cone axis with the conical convex surface serving as a pressing surface facing downward.
- the concentric concave surface and the conical convex surface face each other with a gap therebetween while keeping the central axis coaxially aligned, and the gap is supported so as to be freely approached or separated so as to reduce or enlarge the gap
- the properties of the softened food (density, hardness, size, fiber content, moisture content) by the combination of the rotation mode of the upper mill, the rotation mode of the lower mill, and the gap between the upper and lower mills
- Various operation methods can be adopted according to the presence of seeds, peels, etc.
- the back-rolling machine has a lower mill rotatably supported in both forward and reverse directions around a central cone axis with a conical concave surface (including a truncated conical concave surface) which is a filtering surface facing upward. And an upper mill rotatably supported in both forward and reverse directions around a conical center axis with the conical convex surface which is a pressing surface facing downward.
- the back-rolling machine further comprises: a food supply passage for supplying a raw food material to the gap between the conical concave surface of the lower mill and the conical convex surface of the upper mill; and the conical shape of the lower mill. It includes a filtrate collection part that collects the filtrate passing through the concave surface, and a residue collection part that collects residue that overflows from the peripheral edge of the upper end while rising along the conical concave surface of the lower mill.
- this operation method causes the difference in rotational speed between the upper and lower mills to crush or grind the raw food material with the shear force generated between the upper and lower mills, and also the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the lower mill.
- a crushed raw material food material is separated into a filtrate and a residue using the conical concave surface of the lower mill, and collected in the filtrate collecting portion and the residue collecting portion. It is said that.
- the “rotational speed difference between the upper and lower mills” affects the shear force acting on the raw material food interposed between the upper and lower mills, so that the properties (eg, density, hardness, water content, etc.) of the raw material
- the size of the rotational speed difference may be constant or may vary with time, as appropriate depending on the viscosity, the degree of the seeds and peels, etc., the radius of the upper and lower mills, etc. .
- the properties of the raw material food for example, density, hardness, water content, viscosity, some of the seeds and peels, etc.
- the radius of the upper and lower mills It can be set in various sizes according to the etc.
- the supplied raw food material e.g., the food material which has been heat-softened by the superheated steam
- the supplied raw food material e.g., the food material which has been heat-softened by the superheated steam
- the supplied raw food material is pressed so as to be sucked into the gap between the upper mill and the lower mill, and then between the upper and lower mills.
- the solid matter and liquid separation action of the lower mill resulting from the centrifugal force according to the rotational speed of the lower mill while being crushed or ground with the shear force according to the speed difference, And finally it is led to the filtrate collection part and the residue collection part.
- the fluctuation according to the properties (for example, density, hardness, water content, viscosity, some of the seeds and peels, etc.) of the raw material to be supplied is adjustment of the speed difference between the upper and lower mills and the rotation speed of the lower mill.
- good quality filtrate (puree) can be stably produced even with raw materials having various properties.
- the rotational speed difference may be periodically changed.
- the "periodic change” can include, for example, a change according to a sine wave, a square wave, or a sawtooth wave.
- the strength of the shear force applied to the raw material food interposed between the upper and lower dies periodically fluctuates, and therefore, compared to the case where the strength of the shear force is maintained constant,
- crushing or grinding of the raw material food generally, the shape and the degree of agglomeration is uneven
- the periodical change of the rotational speed may be performed within a constant range of forward and reverse relative to the rotational speed difference zero between the upper and lower dies.
- “performed within a constant width of the reverse rotation around the rotational speed difference between the upper and lower mills” means, for example, when the rotational speed of the lower mill is N, the rotational speed of the upper mill is N ⁇ ⁇ N ( ⁇ N Means that it changes, for example, sinusoidally in the range of deviation).
- the filtration through holes arranged radially on the lower die are periodically rubbed from both forward and reverse directions equally, and therefore, each of them is compared with the case where it is rubbed in one direction.
- the filtration through holes are less likely to be clogged by residue.
- pulse-like rotational unevenness may be imparted to the rotation of the lower mill and / or the upper mill.
- pulse-like rotational unevenness means to instantaneously increase or decrease the rotational speed. According to such a configuration, even if the raw food material is temporarily blocked between the upper and lower mills, such blocked state is automatically generated by periodic vibration or impact due to the pulse-like rotation unevenness. It is possible to eliminate it and always maintain a smooth crushing or solid-liquid separation action.
- the gap between the upper and lower mills may be periodically changed.
- the "periodic change” can include, for example, a change according to a sine wave or a sawtooth wave.
- the gap between the upper and lower mills may be changed according to the rotational load of the lower mill or the upper mill.
- “change according to the rotational load” means, for example, that the gap is expanded when the rotational load increases, and the gap is reduced when the rotational load decreases.
- the raw material food material has such a property that as the crushing progresses between the upper and lower mills, the bulk is reduced and the rotational load of the upper mill is reduced (for example, a food material such as fruit containing a large amount of water)
- the gap between the upper and lower mills it is possible to avoid the situation where the upper mill is extremely idle, or to make the load of the upper mill appropriate for crushing and
- a raw material for example, a hard food such as root vegetables
- the gap between the upper and lower mills is gradually enlarged
- the upper mill drive motor can be prevented from being overloaded, or the upper mill load can be made appropriate for crushing.
- the automatic backing device can also be configured by configuring the control unit and the drive unit so that the above-described operation method is automatically implemented. That is, this automatic backing device has a lower miller rotatably supported in both forward and reverse directions around a central cone axis with the conical concave surface serving as a filtering surface facing upward, and the conical convex surface serving as a pressing surface. An upper mill rotatably supported in both forward and reverse directions around a central cone axis with the lower facing downward.
- the automatic back-rolling apparatus further comprises: a food supply passage for supplying a raw food material to the gap between the conical concave surface of the lower mill and the conical convex surface of the upper mill; and the cone of the lower mill.
- a drive mechanism that includes two or more drive sources and drives the rotational movement of the lower mill, the rotational movement of the upper mill, and the contact / separation motion of the gap between the upper and lower mills, the operation unit, and the operation unit
- a controller configured to control the drive mechanism in response to a predetermined operation.
- the rotation of the lower mill and the upper mill, and the gap between the upper and lower mills may be a rotational direction and a rotational speed designated by a predetermined operation in the operation unit, and a gap.
- a control function for controlling the drive mechanism is incorporated.
- one or more servomotors serving as a drive source, and the power obtained from those servomotors can be used to rotate the upper mill, rotate the lower mill, and vertically It can comprise from the power transmission mechanism etc. which convert and transmit to the clearance gap movement between dies, respectively.
- the power transmission mechanism etc. which convert and transmit to the clearance gap movement between dies, respectively.
- the target rotation direction and rotation speed of the upper mill designated by the predetermined operation of the operation unit by the operator
- An arithmetic processing unit that recognizes a target rotation direction and rotation speed, and a target gap between upper and lower mills, and calculates a command value necessary to control the servomotor in response to such a target value, and this calculation It can be comprised from the servo driver (it is also called servo amplifier) which controls each servomotor based on the command value given from a process part.
- a personal computer incorporating a target control function in a PC language such as C language or a target control
- the function can be configured by a programmable controller (PLC) incorporating a PLC language such as a ladder diagram language.
- PLC programmable controller
- the arithmetic control unit is configured by a PC
- a keyboard, a mouse, a display, etc. provided in the PC can be used as an operation unit as it is.
- a programmable terminal (PT) having a touch panel configuration usually incorporated in a PLC system can be used as an operation unit.
- the control unit The rotational direction and rotational speed of the upper mill, the rotational direction and rotational speed of the lower mill, and the gap between the upper and lower mills are automatically set to the specified contents by the actuation of the drive mechanism by the action of From this, by utilizing this function, by creating a difference in rotational speed between the upper and lower mills, the raw food material is crushed or crushed by the shear force generated between the upper and lower mills, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the lower mill.
- the crushed raw material food material can be separated into a filtrate and a residue using the conical concave surface of the lower die, and can be collected respectively in the filtrate collection portion and the residue collection portion.
- the control unit may further incorporate a function of controlling the drive mechanism so as to periodically change the rotational speed difference between the upper and lower mills.
- the "periodic change” can include, for example, a change according to a sine wave, a square wave, or a sawtooth wave.
- the change of the rotational speed difference may be performed within a fixed range of forward and reverse rotations with zero rotational speed difference between the upper and lower dies.
- “performed within a constant width of the reverse rotation around the rotational speed difference between the upper and lower mills” means, for example, when the rotational speed of the lower mill is N, the rotational speed of the upper mill is N ⁇ ⁇ N ( ⁇ N Means that it changes, for example, sinusoidally in the range of deviation).
- the filtration through holes arranged, for example, radially on the lower die are periodically rubbed equally from both forward and reverse directions only by performing a predetermined function selection operation in the operation unit. Therefore, as compared with the case of rubbing in one direction, there is an advantage that each filtration through hole is less likely to be clogged by the residue.
- the control unit controls the drive mechanism such that pulse-like rotational unevenness occurs in the rotation of the lower mill and / or the upper mill.
- Control functions may be further incorporated.
- pulse-like rotational unevenness means to instantaneously increase or decrease the rotational speed. According to such a configuration, it is possible to impart pulse-like rotation unevenness to the rotation of the lower mill and / or the upper mill simply by performing a predetermined function selection operation in the operation unit, so that the raw material food material is placed between the upper and lower mills. Even if a temporary blockage occurs, periodic vibration or impact due to pulse-like rotational unevenness automatically eliminates such blockage, so that a smooth crushing / solid-liquid separation operation can always be achieved. It is possible to maintain
- the control unit further incorporates a function to control the drive mechanism so as to periodically change the gap between the upper and lower mills.
- the "periodic change” can include, for example, a change according to a sine wave, a square wave, or a sawtooth wave. According to such a configuration, the gap between the upper and lower mills can be periodically changed only by performing a predetermined function selection operation in the operation unit.
- the control unit changes the gap between the upper and lower mills in accordance with the rotational load of the lower mill and / or the upper mill.
- a control function to control the drive mechanism may be further incorporated.
- "change according to the rotational load” means, for example, that the gap is expanded when the rotational load increases, and the gap is reduced when the rotational load decreases. According to such a configuration, the gap between the upper and lower mills can be changed according to the rotational load of the lower mill and / or the upper mill simply by performing a predetermined function selection operation in the operation unit.
- a raw material for example, a food material such as fruit containing a large amount of water
- a raw material food for example, a hard food such as root vegetables
- the drive motor of the upper mill is overloaded by gradually enlarging the gap between the upper and lower mills. Times to become Or, or the load of Ueusu can be made suitable for your crushing.
- control unit is provided with the rotational speed of the lower mill and / or the upper mill according to the rotational load of the lower mill and / or the upper mill.
- the function to control the drive mechanism may be further incorporated to make it change.
- change according to the rotational load means, for example, reducing the rotational speed of the upper or lower mill itself when the rotational load of the upper or lower mill increases. .
- the rotational speed of the lower mill and / or the upper mill can be changed according to the rotational load of the lower mill and / or the upper mill simply by performing a predetermined function selection operation in the operation unit
- a raw material for example, a hard food such as root vegetables
- the gap between the upper and lower mills is gradually enlarged
- the upper mill is configured to maintain a predetermined correlation between the rotation mode of the lower mill and the rotation mode of the upper mill in response to an operation of designating the number of rotations of the lower mill in the operation unit.
- a function to automatically specify the number of revolutions of the may be further incorporated.
- it while maintaining the relative relationship between the rotation mode of the upper mill and the rotation mode of the lower mill, it is optimal while individually adjusting only the magnitude of the centrifugal force by the rotation of the lower mill. Tuning to a solid-liquid separation point.
- the predetermined correlation is that the difference between the rotation speed of the lower mill and the rotation speed of the upper mill becomes constant, the solid-liquid separation operation is maintained while maintaining the degree of the grinding action of the food. Only can be adjusted accordingly.
- the operation unit is provided with three analog operators corresponding to the spaces between the lower mill, the upper mill, and the upper and lower mills, respectively.
- the designation of the rotational direction and the rotational speed and the designation of the gap may be performed through the operation of the corresponding analog operator.
- the “analog operator” means an operator capable of designating an analog value, such as a slide operator or a rotation operator. It is needless to say that the “operations” referred to here include not only physically existing operation controls but also operation controls which are displayed on the screen of the image display and which constitute a GUI (Graphical User Interface).
- the target number of rotations of the upper or lower mill and the gap between the upper and lower mills can be continuously changed, so that the properties of the raw material (for example, density, hardness, water content, It is suitable for a tuning operation or the like for finding an optimum operating condition according to the viscosity, the amount of seeds and peels, and so on.
- the operation unit is provided with three digital displays corresponding to the spaces between the lower mill, the upper mill, and the upper and lower mills, respectively.
- the current direction of rotation and the speed of rotation as well as the current gap may be checked via the corresponding digital display.
- the rotational speeds of the upper and lower dies and the present clearance can be accurately confirmed by numerical values, so if they are recorded, they can be recorded automatically or automatically by incorporating a known preset function. If stored in the memory, it is possible to easily reproduce the optimum operating condition for known raw material ingredients.
- the supplied raw food material for example, the food material which has been softened and overheated with superheated steam
- the supplied raw food material is pushed so as to be sucked into the gap between the upper and lower dies.
- the solid-liquid separation action of the lower mill due to the centrifugal force according to the rotational speed of the lower mill, the filtered material (puree) and the residue (skin and And the like, and finally led to the filtrate collection part and the residue collection part.
- the fluctuation according to the properties (for example, density, hardness, water content, viscosity, some of the seeds and peels, etc.) of the raw material to be supplied is adjustment of the speed difference between the upper and lower mills and the rotation speed of the lower mill.
- good quality filtrate (puree) can be stably produced even with raw materials having various properties.
- the automatic backing device of the present invention if the target rotational direction and rotational speed of the upper mill, the target rotational direction and rotational speed of the lower mill, and the target gap between the upper and lower mills are specified by predetermined operation of the operation unit, By operating the drive mechanism by the action of the control unit, the rotational direction and rotational speed of the upper mill, the rotational direction and rotational speed of the lower mill, and the gap between the upper and lower mills are automatically set to the designated contents. Therefore, utilizing such a function, by creating a difference in rotational speed between the upper and lower mills, the raw food material is crushed by the shear force generated between the upper and lower mills, and by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the lower mill. The crushed raw material food material can be separated into a filtrate and a residue using the conical concave surface of the lower die, and can be collected respectively in the filtrate collection portion and the residue collection portion.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing an electrical hardware configuration.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a setting screen (for setting basic items). It is explanatory drawing of the screen for setting (for option item setting). It is a general flowchart which shows operation
- strainer member which shows the modification of the through-hole for filtration. It is explanatory drawing of the strainer member which shows the modification of the through-hole for filtration. It is explanatory drawing which shows the principal part of the through-hole for filtration. It is explanatory drawing of the holding member which has a radial groove in a conical convex surface. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 25 (a). It is explanatory drawing of the strainer member which has a radial groove in conical concave surface. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 27 (a).
- this backing apparatus 10A has a backing processing unit 2 supported at an appropriate height by the gantry 1.
- the back-roll processing unit 2 includes a lower mill 201 supported with a conical concave surface serving as a filtering surface facing upward, and a conical convex surface serving as a pressing surface. And an upper mill 204 supported downward.
- the lower die 201 is an obtuse cone having a flat central region 201 b, an inclined surface 201 c which occupies substantially the entire circumference, and a flat narrow flange-like peripheral portion 201 e.
- a trapezoidal metal plate (for example, a plate made of aluminum, a plate made of stainless steel, etc.) is formed, and on the inclined surface 201c, a plurality of filtration through holes 201d are formed substantially along each of a plurality of radial straight lines. By opening at equal intervals, the function as a filtering surface (strainer) having sufficient rigidity is given.
- the upper mill 204 is a metallic solid body (e.g., aluminum die cast) in which the upper surface 204g is flat and the bottom surface 204a which is a pressing surface is a conical convex surface.
- Product, made of stainless steel, etc.) one inlet hole 204e is formed at the center of the upper surface, and three outlet holes 204b are opened at equal intervals in the circumferential direction near the center of the bottom surface 204a.
- a passage for the raw material ingredient branched into three is formed in the inside so as to communicate between the one inlet hole 204 e and the three outlet holes 204 b.
- Each of the three outlet holes 204b is connected with the starting end of the food guiding groove 204c extending radially outward in the form of a spiral or arc, and the end of each of the three food guiding grooves 204c is an edge It is extended to reach near the portion 204d.
- Reference numeral 204d is a narrow flange-like peripheral portion extending horizontally.
- the lower mill 201 is horizontally fixed to the upper end of a vertical shaft 202 rotatably supported via a bearing 203.
- the lower mill 201 is rotatably supported with the conical concave surface serving as the filtering surface facing upward.
- the supply pipe 205 and the inlet hole 204e communicate with the lower end portion of the vertical raw material food supply pipe 205 which is rotatably suspended and supported via the bearing 206 fixed to the elevating table 301.
- the upper mill 204 is rotatably supported with the conical convex surface serving as the pressing surface facing downward.
- the lower mill 201 and the upper mill 204 are positioned such that the conical concave surface and the conical convex surface face each other up and down with their conical central axes coaxially aligned and separated by a gap.
- the shaft 202 of the lower die 201 is rotationally driven via the rotational drive system 4.
- the rotational drive system 4 includes a first servomotor 401 capable of normal and reverse rotation at an arbitrary speed, a driven pulley 403 fixed to the shaft 202, and an output shaft of the first servomotor 401 (not shown).
- the timing belt 402 is wound around the driving pulley and the driven pulley 403.
- the raw material supply pipe 205 connected to the upper mill 204 is rotationally driven via the rotational drive system 5.
- the rotation drive system 5 is fixed to the output shaft of the second servomotor 501, the second servomotor 501 capable of normal and reverse rotation at an arbitrary speed, the driven pulley 504 fixed to the raw material supply pipe 205, and
- the timing belt 503 is wound around the driving pulley 502 and the driven pulley 504.
- both the lower mill 201 and the upper mill 204 are configured to be capable of rotating in either direction bi-directionally around the central cone axis by power at an arbitrary speed.
- the elevation table 301 supporting the bearing 206 is inserted into the guide rods 302 which are disposed at the four corners thereof, through the vertical guide rods 302, thereby maintaining the horizontal posture as indicated by the arrow A. It is supported so that it can move up and down as shown.
- the lift table 301 is driven to move up and down via the lift drive system 6.
- the elevation drive system 6 includes a third servomotor 602 fixed to the support 304 via the fixture 601, and a ball screw shaft 603 for converting rotational motion of the third servomotor 602 into linear motion in the vertical direction.
- the gap between the conical concave surface of the lower mill 201 and the conical convex surface of the upper mill 204 can be expanded and contracted by power while maintaining the rotation of the lower mill 201 and the upper mill 204.
- This backing device 10A has a raw material food supply passage for supplying raw material food (for example, softened food with superheated steam) R to the gap between the conical concave surface of the lower mill 201 and the conical convex surface of the upper mill 204.
- the raw material ingredient supply passage means a series of passages passing from the inlet hole 204e of the upper die 204 to the three outlet holes 204b after passing through the raw material ingredient supply tube 205 (see FIG. 3, see Figure 5).
- the backing device 10A collects the filtrate Q which passes (permeates) the conical concave surface of the lower mill 201.
- Residue collection tank for collecting the residue P which overflows from the upper end portion peripheral edge 201e while rising along the conical concave surface when the collecting tank 207, the lower mill 201 and the upper mill 204 rotate while sandwiching the raw material food R And 208.
- the filtrate collection tank 207 has an inner bottom surface 207 b that surrounds the entire lower surface of the lower mill 201 and slopes downward to the front when viewed from the front.
- the inner bottom surface is configured to be continuous with the filtrate discharge pipe 207a. Therefore, by setting an appropriate container just below the tip of the filtrate discharge pipe 207a, the produced filtrate (puree) can be continuously taken out and stored.
- the residue collecting tank 208 collects the residue P released to the outside by the centrifugal force from the gap between the lower mill 201 and the upper mill 204.
- the left and right divisible reservoirs are configured so as to sandwich the filtrate collection reservoir 207 from the left and right.
- the inner bottom surface 208b of each of the left and right storage tanks is inclined downward to the left on the left side and to the right on the right side, and a residue discharge port 208a is provided at the inclined lower end. Therefore, by setting an appropriate container just below each of the left and right residue discharge ports 208a, it is possible to continuously take out and store generated residues (solids such as seeds, hides, fibers, etc.) it can.
- the raw food material R supplied to the gap between the raw material food supply pipe 205, the inlet hole 204e of the upper mill 204 and the three outlet holes 204b in order is, for example, a softened food material treated with superheated steam (softened fruit, softened Vegetables, etc.) are gradually ground between the two surfaces as the relative rotation between the filtering surface and the pressing surface, and the contained liquid is extracted or squeezed out in this way.
- a softened food material treated with superheated steam softened fruit, softened Vegetables, etc.
- the softened food containing the liquid component is separated by the solid-liquid separation action of the conical concave surface 204a which becomes the filtration surface, and the filtrate (puree) Q permeates the conical concave surface 201a and is left as residue (fibers) Solids such as skin, seeds, etc.) P is conical concave Extravasated from the upper peripheral edge portion 201e of the 201a respectively are continuously collected into the residual ⁇ collection tank 208.
- the filtrate (puree) Q thus obtained is produced by passing it through the lower mill 201 while gently collapsing the softened foodstuff by the grinding action between the filtration surface of the lower mill 201 and the pressing surface of the upper mill 204. Because most of the cells are left intact without destroying the cell membrane and there is little deterioration due to oxidation, the original color, smell, taste and nutritional value of the food are retained as they are, Depending on the food, specific additional effects (immunostimulatory effect, immune balance suppressing effect, tea leaf nutritional value enhancing effect, soybean nutritional value enhancing effect) can also be obtained.
- the basic structure is that the lower mill 201 and the upper mill 204 are vertically disposed opposite each other, at least either As it is simple to make one side rotatable, it can be manufactured inexpensively, and maintenance such as disassembly and cleaning is easy, and additionally, it is basically a vertical structure arranged around the vertical axis Therefore, there is an advantage that the installation area can be relatively small.
- the gap between the conical concave surface 201a of the lower mill 201 and the conical convex surface 204a of the upper mill 204 can be expanded and contracted by power while maintaining rotation, for example, the initial gap is made wider.
- the raw food material is controlled by controlling the gap to be gradually narrowed by motive power, or by dynamically controlling the gap periodically and widely. Regardless of the properties (density, hardness, size, content of fibers, seeds, peels, etc., moisture content, etc.), the abrading action of the raw material can be optimized.
- FIG. 1 A block diagram schematically showing the electrical hardware configuration of the automatic backing apparatus 10 is shown in FIG.
- the automatic backing device 10 includes one or more driving sources, and a driving mechanism that provides rotational movement of the lower mill 201, rotational movement of the upper mill 204, and movement of the gap between the upper and lower mills The details are described later), the operation unit 7, and the control unit 8 that controls the drive mechanism in response to a predetermined operation in the operation unit 7.
- the drive mechanism includes the first drive system 4 including the first servomotor (M1) 401 and the second servomotor (M2). And a third drive system 6 including a third servomotor (M 3) 602. Therefore, by controlling the operation of the first servomotor (M1) 401, the second servomotor (M2) 501, and the third servomotor (M3) 602, the rotation mode of the lower mill 201, the upper mill 204.
- the rotation mode of the and the gap between the upper and lower mills can be arbitrarily controlled.
- the operation unit 7 is a so-called “programmable terminal (also referred to as a programmable display) (PT) applied to a programmable controller system (PLC system), so-called“ display lamps, operation buttons, etc. It is configured by appropriately incorporating (programming) “display parts”.
- a programmable terminal also referred to as a programmable display
- PLC system programmable controller system
- FIGS. 7 and 8 An example of the setting screen of the operation unit configured in this way is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively.
- a screen for setting basic items see FIG. 7
- a screen for setting option items see FIG. 8
- PT programmable terminal
- a display area of upper mill related items As shown in FIG. 7, in the screen for setting basic items, a display area of upper mill related items, a display area of lower mill related items, and a display area of gap related items between upper and lower mills in order from the top It is arranged.
- the display area of upper mill related items is divided into two right and left, and in the left area, numerical display 704 for displaying the target rotation speed (rpm) of upper mill in order from the top, current of upper mill
- a numerical display 707 for displaying the number of revolutions (rpm) and a numerical display 710 for displaying the current load (%) of the upper mill are respectively arranged.
- a slide-type operator 701 for setting the upper mill target rotational speed that can slide up and down by touch operation is disposed, and along the up and down movement locus, a linear scale is attached There is.
- the settable range of the target rotational speed of the upper mill is in the range of ⁇ 1000 rpm.
- Each rotation number display is given a sign (+ or-) indicating the rotation direction.
- the display area of the lower mill related item is also divided into two on the left and right, and a numerical display 705 for displaying the target number of revolutions (rpm) of the lower mill in order from the top in the left area, A numerical display 708 for displaying the current rotation number (rpm) of the lower mill and a numerical display 711 for displaying the current load (%) of the lower mill are respectively arranged.
- a slide-type operator 702 for setting the lower mill target rotational speed that can slide up and down by touch operation is disposed, and along the up and down movement locus, a linear scale is attached There is.
- the settable range of the target rotational speed of the lower mill is set to a range of ⁇ 1000 rpm.
- Each rotation number display is similarly given a sign (+ or-) indicating the rotation direction.
- the display area of the space-related item between the upper and lower mills is divided into two on the left and right, and in the left area, numerical display for displaying the target gap (mm) between the upper and lower mills in order from the top
- An instrument 706 and a numerical indicator 709 for displaying the current gap (mm) between the upper and lower dies are respectively arranged.
- a slide-type operator 703 for setting a target gap between upper and lower mills that can slide up and down by touch operation is disposed, and a linear scale is attached along the up-and-down movement locus. ing.
- the settable range of the target gap between the upper and lower mills during operation is in the range of 0 to 40 mm.
- the target rotational direction and number of rotations of the upper mill become the target
- the direction and number of rotation of the lower mill, and the size of the gap between the target upper and lower mills can be freely set or designated.
- the target rotation speed of the upper mill is set to “+350” rpm
- the target rotation speed of the lower mill is set to “+300” rpm
- the gap between the upper and lower mills is set to “15” mm.
- the screen for setting option items is divided into a matrix of 3 rows ⁇ 3 columns, the first row is “rotation unevenness mode” as an option item, and the second row is an option
- the "periodic change mode” as an item and the third line are assigned to the "load follow mode” as an optional item.
- the first row is assigned to the "upper mill” as the control target, the second row is assigned to the “lower mill” as the control target, and the third row is assigned to the "gap" as the control target.
- illuminated pushbuttons 712 to 718 for ON / OFF operation for designating whether or not the "option item” is selected for the corresponding "control object” are arranged. There is.
- the "rotation unevenness mode”, “periodic change mode” can be performed with respect to the upper mill. It is possible to select either “load follow mode” or “load follow mode”.
- the "rotation unevenness mode”, “periodically change” for the lower mill. It is possible to select one of the mode and the load tracking mode (upper mill tracking).
- the “load tracking mode (upper mill tracking)” can be selected with respect to the gap between the upper and lower mills.
- the contents of the uneven rotation mode, the periodic change mode, and the load following mode (lower tracking) will be described in detail later with reference to FIGS. 16 to 19.
- control unit 8 designates the rotation of the lower mill and the upper mill and the gap between the upper and lower mills by a predetermined operation in the programmable terminal (PT) constituting the operation unit 7.
- Control functions to control the drive mechanism so that the rotation direction and rotation speed, and the gap, and the optional function selected in a predetermined operation on the programmable terminal (PT) are executed.
- PLC system programmable controller system
- a programmable controller system (PLC system) is not shown, a building block type is adopted in this example, and specifically, a CPU unit, one or more input / output units, and further, , One or more high-performance units are configured.
- a 3-axis motion control unit (with built-in servo amplifier function) for driving the first to third servomotors (M1 to M3) as one of the high function units. )It is included.
- a programmable terminal (PT) functioning as the operation unit 7, one or more input / output units, and motion control units for driving the first to third servomotors are centrally controlled by the CPU unit. That is, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the CPU unit has a user program memory storing a user program, an input / output memory for storing input / output data, a function as a PLC (user program execution function, It comprises system program memory etc. which stored a system program for realizing input / output update function, peripheral service function such as PT management, etc.).
- PLC user program execution function
- the rotation direction and rotation speed designated by the predetermined operation in the programmable terminal (PT) that constitutes the operation unit 7 are the rotation of the lower mill and the upper mill, and the gap between the upper and lower mills. , As well as the gap, and further, to provide the motion control unit with the necessary command values so that the selected optional function is executed in a predetermined operation on the programmable terminal (PT).
- the program is organized.
- FIG. 10 A general flowchart showing the operation of the control unit 8 realized by executing the user program assembled in this manner is shown in FIG.
- the operation mode is set by first reading the operation of the mode switching switch (not shown) in the programmable terminal (PT) configuring the operation unit 7 (step 10). It is determined whether the mode is "operation mode" (step 20). Thereafter, depending on whether the determination result is the “setting mode” or the “operation mode”, either the predetermined setting process (step 30) or the operation process (step 40) is alternatively executed, and then the programmable circuit
- step 50 related to the controller (PLC).
- step 30 The general flow chart of the setting process (step 30) is shown in FIG.
- the process when the process is started, first, the designated item in the programmable terminal (PT) constituting the operation unit 7 is read (step 301) to determine whether the designated item is "basic” or "option”. Is done. Thereafter, depending on whether the determination result is "basic item” or "option item", either a predetermined basic item setting process (step 303) or an option item setting process (step 304) is alternatively executed. After that, the other series of processes are repeatedly executed by executing other common processes (step 305).
- FIG. 1 A detailed flowchart of the basic item setting process is shown in FIG.
- the process is started, first, the item designation in the programmable terminal (PT) constituting the operation unit 7 is read (step 3031), and the item designation is "upper mill", “lower mill", A determination is made as to which of the "vertical intervals" (steps 3032, 3034 and 3036). Thereafter, depending on the determination result, either the target rotation number setting process (step 3033), the target rotation number setting process (step 3035), or the target upper / lower interval setting process (step 3037) is performed, whereby the operation unit The upper mill target rotation speed, the lower mill target rotation speed, and the target upper and lower clearances designated by the programmable terminal (PT) constituting 7 are stored in predetermined setting memories.
- FIG. 1 A detailed flowchart of the option item setting process is shown in FIG.
- the process is started, first, the item designation in the programmable terminal (PT) constituting the operation unit 7 is read (step 3041), and the item designation is "upper mill", “lower mill", A determination is made as to which of the "vertical intervals" (steps 3042, 3044, and 3046). Thereafter, depending on the determination result, one of option setting processing for upper mill (step 3043), option setting processing for lower mill (step 3045), or load following option setting processing for upper and lower gaps (step 3047) is executed. .
- step 3043 it is determined whether the content of the option is “rotation unevenness setting”, “periodic change”, or “load tracking” (step 3043a, 3043c, 3043e), according to the determination result, either rotation unevenness option setting processing (step 3043b), periodic change option setting processing (step 3043d), or load tracking option setting processing (step 3043f) is alternatively selected To be executed.
- the option setting process steps 3043 b, 3043 d, 3043 f
- the content of the corresponding option flag provided on the predetermined setting memory is set from “0” to “1”. . Therefore, the contents of the set options can be recognized by referring to the state of these flags.
- step 3045 The contents of the option setting process for lower mill (step 3045) are the same as the option setting process for upper mill (step 3043) except that the target item specification is "lower mill", and thus detailed. The description is omitted.
- step 401 A general flow chart of the driving process is shown in FIG.
- the setting content reading process step 401 is first executed to set various data (rotation direction and rotation of upper mill) set in the setting process (step 30). Reading of number, rotation method and rotation number of lower mill, gap between upper and lower mills, option setting content for upper mill, option setting content for lower mill, option setting content for gap between upper and lower mills, etc. is performed.
- lower mill rotation drive processing (step 402), upper mill rotation drive processing (step 403), and gap contact and separation drive processing (step 404) are sequentially executed based on the read data. It becomes.
- step 402 A detailed flow chart of the lower die rotation drive process (step 402) is shown in FIG.
- the process when the process is started, it is determined whether or not there is an option setting for the lower mill based on the data read above (step 4021).
- the option setting for the lower mill is "absent” (step 4021 "absent")
- the servomotor command is made from the setting rotational speed and the fluctuation (in this case, the value of the fluctuation is zero).
- a value is generated (step 4028), and the command value thus generated is output to a motion control unit (not shown) (step 4029).
- the rotational speed of the first servomotor (M1) is servo-controlled, and the rotational speed of the lower die is guided to the target rotational speed (see FIG. 16A).
- the rotational speed and rotational load of the first servomotor (M1) are read from the motion control unit, and are sent to the programmable terminal (PT) that constitutes the operation unit 7 at an appropriate timing.
- the current display (rpm) and rotational load (%) of the lower die are numerically displayed on the numerical display 707, 710 on the programmable terminal.
- step 4021 If it is determined that the option setting is “Yes” for the lower mill (“YES” in step 4021), then the contents of the set options are “pulse-like rotation unevenness”, “periodically change”, or “upper mill”. It is determined whether it is "following load” (steps 4022, 4023, and 4024).
- step 4025 generation processing for fluctuation corresponding to the pulse-like change is subsequently performed. Then, a speed fluctuation necessary to give a preset pulse-like speed change to the set rotational speed is generated. The speed fluctuation thus generated is used for command value generation in the command value generation process (step 4028). Thereafter, the command value including the variation is output to the motion control unit (step 4029). Then, the rotation speed of the first servomotor (M1) is servo-controlled by the action of the motion control unit, and the rotation speed of the lower mill is led to the target rotation speed including the pulse-like rotation unevenness (FIG. 18). See (a)).
- step 4026 the generation process (step 4026) of the fluctuation corresponding to the periodic change is executed. Then, a speed fluctuation component necessary to apply a previously prepared periodical speed change (in this example, a sinusoidal speed change) to the set rotational speed is generated. The speed fluctuation thus generated is used for command value generation in the command value generation process (step 4028). Thereafter, the command value including the variation is output to the motion control unit (step 4029). Then, by the action of the motion control unit, the rotational speed of the first servomotor (M1) is servo-controlled, and the rotational speed of the lower die is led to the target rotational speed including the sinusoidal velocity change (FIG. 17).
- a speed fluctuation component necessary to apply a previously prepared periodical speed change in this example, a sinusoidal speed change
- the periodic fluctuation (upper) of the upper mill rotational speed indicated by the solid line is when it is performed in a region where the relative rotational speed between the upper mill and the lower mill is always positive.
- the periodic fluctuation of the upper mill rotational speed shown by the broken line is made to be performed within a constant range of forward and reverse rotation with zero rotational speed difference between the upper and lower mills.
- the filtration through holes arranged, for example, radially on the lower die are periodically rubbed equally from both forward and reverse directions, each filtration is compared with the case where it is rubbed in one direction. There is an advantage that the through holes are less likely to be clogged by residue.
- step 4024 the change in upper mill rotational load read out from the motion controller (not shown) is determined, and generation of the speed fluctuation of lower mill necessary to cancel the change The process (step 4027) is performed.
- the speed fluctuation thus generated is used for command value generation in the command value generation process (step 4028).
- the command value including the variation is output to the motion control unit (step 4029).
- the rotational speed of the first servomotor (M1) is servo-controlled, and the rotational speed of the lower mill is the target rotational speed including the speed change for canceling the fluctuation load of the upper mill. (See FIG. 19).
- the speed control for the upper mill is the same as the process for the lower mill (steps 4021 to 4029) described above with reference to FIG.
- step 404 a detailed flow chart of the gap contact and separation drive processing (step 404) is shown in FIG.
- step 4041 when the process is started, it is determined whether or not there is an option setting for the gap between the upper and lower mills based on the data read above (step 4041).
- step 4041 abent
- step 4041 abent
- step 4044 the servomotor is started from the set target gap and the variation (in this case, the value of the variation is zero).
- a command value is generated (step 4044), and the command value thus generated is output to a motion control unit (not shown) (step 4029).
- the current gap size is separately detected by a sensor, and this is sent to the programmable terminal (PT) configuring the operation unit 7 at an appropriate timing, whereby the numerical display on the programmable terminal is displayed.
- the gap (mm) between the current upper and lower dies is numerically displayed.
- step 4042 A change in the upper mill rotational load read from a motion controller (not shown) is determined, and a generation process (step 4043) for gap fluctuation necessary to cancel the change is executed.
- the gap fluctuation thus generated is used for command value generation in the command value generation process (step 4044).
- the command value including the variation is output to the motion control unit (step 4029).
- the setting process (step 30) and the operation process (step 40) are separately executed as shown in FIG. 9 for convenience of explanation. Since the process (step 30) and the operation process (step 40) are executed in parallel in parallel by time division by switching to the online setting mode by a predetermined operation, the set value can be changed even in the operation mode Note that it is configured as follows.
- the rotational direction and rotational speed of the lower mill are set to +300 rpm
- the rotational direction and rotational speed of the upper mill are set to +350 rpm
- the gap between the upper and lower mills is set to 15 mm.
- the target rotation speed of the upper mill is +350 rpm
- the target rotation speed of the lower mill is +300 rpm.
- the rotation speed of the upper mill is +350 rpm
- the rotation speed of the lower mill is +300 rpm
- the gap between the upper and lower mills is 15 mm by the action of the control unit 7. Therefore, in this state, if the raw food material (for example, vegetables, fruits, grains, etc. heat-softened with superheated steam) is supplied to the gap between the upper and lower mills, it is packed in the gap between the upper and lower mills.
- the raw food material for example, vegetables, fruits, grains, etc. heat-softened with superheated steam
- the raw material material to be treated is ground or crushed at a speed of 50 rpm difference between upper and lower mills, and the solid-liquid mixture thus obtained is solid-liquid separated by centrifugal force at a rotation speed of 300 rpm of the lower
- the puree is introduced to the filtrate collection tank 207, and the residue is introduced to the residue collection tank 208.
- an illuminated push button 714 is optionally adopted to adopt “periodically change” in the screen for setting option items shown in FIG.
- the rotational speed of the upper mill periodically changes in a sinusoidal manner within a fixed width above and below about +400 rpm. Therefore, if "periodic change" is adopted as an option in this way, the speed difference between the upper and lower dies will periodically change, so by periodically changing the grinding force or crushing force, The efficient operation can be performed while preventing the clogging of the residue and the clogging of the filtration through holes.
- each filtration through hole is formed by residue as compared with the case where it is rubbed in one direction. It has the advantage of being less prone to clogging.
- the rotational speed of the upper mill can be instantaneously increased in the form of impulse periodically to cause rotational unevenness, while keeping +400 rpm as a normal state. Therefore, if "rotational unevenness" is adopted as an option like this, the speed difference between the upper and lower mills will periodically change in the form of impulse, so by periodically applying an impact to the upper mill during rotation, Efficient operation can be performed while promoting grinding or crushing.
- the target number of revolutions of the lower mill is changed by the operation of the operating member 702 in the state where the push button A is turned ON
- the target number of revolutions of the upper mill is the upper mill target at the time when the push button A is turned ON. The change is interlocked while maintaining the difference between the rotation speed and the lower mill target rotation speed.
- the push button A is turned on
- the target rotation speed of the lower mill is changed from +300 to +400 by the operation of the operation member 702
- software for realizing such an automatic change function can be easily realized by those skilled in the art, and therefore the description by the flowchart is omitted.
- this idea is not limited to maintaining the difference between the number of rotations of the upper mill and the number of rotations of the lower mill, but the manner of rotation of the upper mill (periodical variation, uneven rotation, etc.) and the manner of rotation of the lower mill (period) Can be widely expanded even when changing the target rotation speed of the upper mill while changing the target rotation speed of the lower mill while maintaining the relative relationship with the I will.
- an example may be considered in which an n-fold relationship is maintained between the rotation speed of the lower mill and the rotation speed of the upper mill.
- the food type number In a state where "115" is input and displayed on the numerical display, the upper mill storage switch B1, the lower mill storage switch C1, and the upper and lower gap storage switch D1 are turned ON. Then, the values of the upper mill current rotation speed, the lower mill current rotation speed, and the upper and lower clearances at the time of ON are stored in the corresponding non-volatile storage area on the data memory of the PLC.
- the invention is not limited to the one in which one eddy curve food guiding groove 204c is extended from each of the single or plural outlet holes 204b.
- a plurality of linear guide grooves 204c may be extended radially from a single centrally located outlet hole.
- the filtration through-holes 201 f in which cut-and-raised pieces are formed corresponding to the rotational direction on the inlet side are used to cut these
- the raw food material may be caught on the piece, thereby promoting the grinding action and promoting the liquid passing through action of the liquid.
- the inner wall of the hole is tapered so that the inlet side opening has a large diameter and the outlet side opening has a small diameter as the filtration through hole 201d. Also good. That is, as shown in FIG. 15 (a), the filtering through hole 201d has a large diameter at the inlet side opening to the conical concave surface 201a, and also has a conical shape as shown in FIG. 15 (b). The outlet-side opening that opens to the bottom surface of the convex surface has a small diameter. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 16, the inner wall of each filtration through hole 201d is tapered.
- the filtration through hole 201d having such a tapered inner wall, in addition to the fact that the passage resistance of the outlet side opening is extremely small even if the inner diameter of the outlet side opening is made the minimum diameter necessary for permeation of the filtrate. Since the throttling effect is also added in the process from the inlet side opening to the outlet side opening, there is an advantage that the filtration efficiency of the softened food material is improved, and the softened food material enters the inlet side opening because the inlet side opening is large in diameter. There is an advantage that it is easy to catch or bite and as a result, the grinding action of the food is also promoted.
- the tapered inner wall one having a configuration that continues from the inlet side opening to the outlet side opening is adopted, but from the problem of hole processing, the tapered inner wall covering the entire length of such a hole If processing is difficult, a tapered inner wall whose inner diameter gradually decreases from the inlet side opening to just before the outlet side opening leaves a relatively small diameter cylindrical inner wall as before. May be Even with such a tapered inner wall, it was confirmed that the effect can be sufficiently obtained as compared with the case where the entire length of the hole is equal.
- the configuration of the drive system is not limited to the belt drive system, and any known drive system such as a gear drive system can be adopted, and without making the drive system and the drive source correspond one to one, as appropriate
- a single drive source may be made compatible with a plurality of drive systems by adopting a suitable shift or power distribution mechanism.
- the conical convex surface and / or the conical concave surface of the holding member 201 may, if necessary, be a radiated straight line or a spiral curved ridge for promoting discharge of the grinding of the raw material or debris. Projections, rounded projections, undulations, and the like may be provided.
- the conical convex surface 204a of the hold member 204A is divided into a large number of narrow regions extending radially, and among those narrow regions, every other narrow region is circumferentially adjacent
- a large number of radially extending grooves 204j are formed, and a region sandwiched by the radial grooves 204j is a flat surface.
- This hold member 204A can be used, for example, in combination with the strainer member 201 having a flat conical concave surface shown in FIG.
- the conical convex surface 204a of the hold member and the conical concave surface of the strainer member are passed through the inlet hole 204e and the three outlet holes 204b.
- the softened food introduced into the gap with 201a is further distributed to the radial grooves 204j by centrifugal force while being guided by the food guide grooves 204c and moved, and radially outward along each radial groove 204j. While being carried to the other side, it is milled by relative rotation between the conical convex surface 204a and the conical concave surface 201a (see FIG.
- each radial groove 204j not only guides the softened food outward in the radial direction, but also restricts the movement of the softened food in the circumferential direction to some extent, so the conical convex surface 204a and the conical concave surface There is an advantage of promoting the grinding action by relative rotation with 201a.
- FIGS. 19-22 An example of a strainer member having radial grooves in a conical concave is shown in FIGS. 19-22.
- the conical concave surface 201a of the strainer member 201A is divided into a large number of narrow regions extending radially, and among those narrow regions, every other narrow region is circumferentially adjacent
- a large number of radially extending grooves 201f are formed, and a region sandwiched by the radial grooves 201f is a flat surface 201g (see FIG. 22).
- the strainer member 201A having such a concavo-convex structure on the conical concave surface 201a, the conical convex surface 204a (see FIG. 5) of the hold member and the strainer via the inlet hole 204e and the three outlet holes 204b.
- the softened food introduced into the gap between the member and the conical concave surface 201a is further distributed almost uniformly by the centrifugal force to the radial grooves 201f while being guided and moved by the food guide grooves 204c, to each radial groove 201f While being transported radially outward along the surface, it is ground by relative rotation between the conical convex surface 204a and the conical concave surface 201a, and the liquid component is extracted from the food to be subjected to the solid-liquid separation action of the strainer member It will be.
- each of the radial grooves 201f not only guides the softened food outward in the radial direction, but also restricts the movement of the softened food in the circumferential direction to some extent, so the conical convex surface 204a and the conical concave surface 201a There is an advantage of promoting the grinding action by relative rotation of
- FIGS. 23B and 23C in the hold member 204B, scraper portions 204k are disposed at four positions at intervals of 90 degrees around the outer periphery of the upper surface of the conical convex surface 204a.
- the scraper portion 204k is configured to scoop up, remove or scrape a residue described later on relative rotation with the strainer portion 201B by an inclined surface facing the rotation direction.
- the strainer member 201B having an annular auxiliary strainer portion on the upper outer periphery of the conical recess will be described with reference to FIGS. In these figures, the same components as those in FIGS. 19 and 20 are given the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 25 and FIG. 26 in order to avoid the complication of drawing, it should be noted that illustration is abbreviate
- an annular auxiliary strainer portion 201i is provided on the upper outer periphery of the conical recess 201a.
- the annular auxiliary strainer portion 201i is, as shown in FIG. 27, formed of an annular vertical wall provided so as to surround the upper edge portion of the conical inclined surface 201c, in which a large number of filtration through holes 201d are arranged.
- An annular horizontal portion 201 h is provided between the annular auxiliary strainer portion 201 i and the conical inclined surface 201 c. As will be described later, this annular horizontal portion 201 h is configured to be deposited with debris discharged by the solid-liquid separation action of the conical concave surface 201 a.
- the state in which the holding member 204B and the strainer member 201B are assembled is shown in FIGS.
- the softened food supplied to the gap between the conical convex surface 204a of the hold member 204B and the conical concave surface 201a of the strainer member 201B has the relative velocity difference between the conical convex surface 204a and the conical concave surface 201a as described above.
- the softened food is extracted or squeezed out.
- the obtained liquid component is taken out to the outside through the filtration through hole 201d disposed on the inclined surface 201c of the strainer member 201B.
- debris containing some liquid component is discharged along the inclined surface 201c of the strainer member 201B by centrifugal force, and finally discharged from the upper peripheral edge of the strainer member 201a onto the annular horizontal portion 201h. (See FIG. 27).
- the debris including the liquid component discharged on the annular horizontal portion 201h is further pressed onto the inner peripheral surface of the annular auxiliary strainer portion 201i by centrifugal force while being deposited on the inner peripheral surface of the annular auxiliary strainer portion 201i.
- the liquid contained in the residue is discharged to the outside through the large number of filtration through holes 201d disposed in the annular auxiliary strainer portion 201i.
- the debris deposited on the annular horizontal portion 201h is periodically scooped up by the four scraper portions 204k disposed on the upper outer periphery of the holding member 204B, overriding the annular auxiliary strainer portion 201i to the outside. It will be released.
- the softened food supplied to the gap between the hold member 204B and the strainer member 201B is disposed on the inclined surface 201c of the strainer member.
- the liquid extraction is performed not only by the filtration through hole 201d but also by the filtration through hole 201di disposed in the annular auxiliary strainer portion 201i, whereby the liquid extraction efficiency is further improved.
- the holding member 204 is not limited to a solid body as long as the holding member 204 has a structure capable of maintaining the form of a pressing surface or a food guiding passage having rigidity, and a metal plate (for example, a stainless steel plate etc.) pressed into a conical convex shape.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the rib is reinforced with a rib structure from behind.
- the raw material feed passage may be formed of a pipe material.
- the supplied raw food material for example, the food material which has been softened and overheated with superheated steam
- the supplied raw food material is pushed so as to be sucked into the gap between the upper and lower dies.
- the solid-liquid separation action of the lower mill due to the centrifugal force according to the rotational speed of the lower mill, the filtered material (puree) and the residue (skin and And the like, and finally led to the filtrate collection part and the residue collection part.
- the fluctuation according to the properties (for example, density, hardness, water content, viscosity, some of the seeds and peels, etc.) of the raw material to be supplied is adjustment of the speed difference between the upper and lower mills and the rotation speed of the lower mill.
- good quality filtrate (puree) can be stably produced even with raw materials having various properties.
- the automatic backing device of the present invention if the target rotational direction and rotational speed of the upper mill, the target rotational direction and rotational speed of the lower mill, and the target gap between the upper and lower mills are specified by predetermined operation of the operation unit, By operating the drive mechanism by the action of the control unit, the rotational direction and rotational speed of the upper mill, the rotational direction and rotational speed of the lower mill, and the gap between the upper and lower mills are automatically set to the designated contents. Therefore, utilizing such a function, by creating a difference in rotational speed between the upper and lower mills, the raw food material is crushed by the shear force generated between the upper and lower mills, and by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the lower mill. The crushed raw material food material can be separated into a filtrate and a residue using the conical concave surface of the lower die, and can be collected respectively in the filtrate collection portion and the residue collection portion.
- Reference Signs List 1 stand 2 back-turn processing unit 3 bearing support mechanism 4 drive system (for lower mill rotation) 5 Drive system (for upper mill rotation) 6 Drive system (for raising and lowering upper die) 7 operation unit 8 control unit 10 automatic backing device 201 lower mill 201a bottom surface (conical concave surface) 201b Circular central area 201c Inclined surface 201d Perforating hole for filtration 201e Peripheral part 202 Shaft 203 Bearing 204 Upper mill 204a Bottom (conical convex surface) 204b outlet hole 204c food material guide groove 204d peripheral part 204e inlet hole 205 raw material food material supply pipe 206 bearing 207 filter material collection tank 207a filter material discharge pipe 208 residue collection tank 208a residue discharge port 209 pillar 301 lifting platform 302 guide rod 303 guide rod Sleeve 304 Support base 401 First servo motor 402 Timing belt 403 Followed pulley 501 Second servo motor 502 Drive pulley 503 Timing belt 504 followeded pulley 60
Abstract
Description
上述の技術的課題は、以下の基本構成を有する裏漉し機の運転方法により解決できるものと考えられる。この運転方法は、本発明者等が先に提案した新規な構造を有する裏漉し機の存在を前提としている。すなわち、この裏漉し機は、濾過面となる円錐状凹面(円錐台状凹面を含む)を上に向けた状態で円錐中心軸線の周りに正逆両方向へと回転自在に支持される下臼と、押圧面となる円錐状凸面を下に向けた状態で円錐中心軸線の周りに正逆両方向へと回転自在に支持される上臼と、を包含する。前記下臼と前記上臼とは、互いの円錐中心軸線を同軸に整合させたまま、前記円錐状凹面と前記円錐状凸面とが間隙を隔てて上下に対向し、かつ前記間隙が縮小又は拡大するように接近又は離隔が自在に支持されている。さらに、前記裏漉し機は、原料食材を、前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面と前記上臼の前記円錐状凸面との前記間隙へと供給するための食材供給通路と、前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面を通過する濾過物を捕集する濾過物捕集部と、前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面に沿って上昇しつつ上端部周縁より溢れ出す残渣を捕集する残渣捕集部と、を包含する。
このような構成によれば、供給される原料食材(例えば、過熱蒸気による加熱軟化処理された食材)は、上臼と下臼との間隙に吸い込まれるように押し込まれたのち、上下臼間の速度差に応じた剪断力をもって破砕乃至摩砕されつつ、下臼の回転速度に応じた遠心力に起因する下臼の固液分離作用により、濾過物(ピューレ)と残渣(皮や種等々を含む)とに分離されて、最終的に、濾過物捕集部及び残渣捕集部へと導かれる。このとき、供給される原料食材の性質(例えば、密度、硬度、含水量、粘度、種子や皮の多少、等々)に応じた変動は、上下臼間の速度差や下臼の回転速度の調整により、ある程度は、吸収されるから、様々な性質の原料食材に関しても、品質の良好な濾過物(ピューレ)を安定的に製造することができる。
上記の運転方法の基本態様においては、前記回転速度差を周期的に変化させる、ようにしてもよい。ここで「周期的な変化」とは、例えば正弦波や方形波や鋸歯状波にしたがった変化を挙げることができる。
このような構成によれば、上下臼間に介在される原料食材に加えられる剪断力の強度は、周期的に変動することとなるため、剪断力の強度を一定に維持する場合に比べて、上下臼間における原料食材(通常、形状や塊度が不均一)の破砕乃至摩砕がスムーズに行われ、食材の閉塞状態が起こり難いと言う利点がある。
上記の実施態様1においては、前記回転速度の周期的変化は、前記上下臼間の回転速度差ゼロを中心として正逆一定幅内で行われる、ようにしてもよい。ここで、「上下臼間の回転速度差ゼロを中心として正逆一定幅内で行われる」とは、例えば下臼の回転速度をNとするとき、上臼の回転速度はN±ΔN(ΔNは偏差)の範囲で例えば正弦波状に変化することを意味している。
このような構成によれば、下臼上に例えば放射状に配列された濾過用透孔は、等しく正逆両方向から周期的に擦られることとなるため、一方向へと擦る場合に比べて、各濾過用透孔が残渣により目詰まりを起こし難いと言う利点がある。
上記の運転方法の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様においては、前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転にパルス状の回転ムラを付与する、ようにしてもよい。ここで、「パルス状の回転ムラ」とは、回転速度を瞬間的に増加又は減少させることを言う。
このような構成によれば、上下臼間において原料食材の一時的な閉塞状態が起こったりしても、パルス状の回転ムラによる周期的な振動乃至衝撃により、そのような閉塞状態を自動的に解消させて、常に、スムーズな破砕乃至固液分離作用を維持することが可能となる。
上記の運転方法の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様においては、前記上下臼間の前記間隙を周期的に変化させる、ようにしてもよい。ここで、「周期的な変化」とは、例えば正弦波や鋸歯状波にしたがった変化を挙げることができる。
このような構成によれば、上下臼間の間隙が拡大するときには、原料食材は積極的に上下臼間に押し込まれ、同時に、残渣が排出されるのに対して、上下間の間隙が縮小されるときには、上臼が降下することで、上下臼間において原料食材の破砕が進行することとなるので、上述の破砕作用と固液分離作用とが相まって、濾過物(ピューレ)の生産効率を向上させることができる。
上記の運転方法の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様においては、前記上下臼間の前記間隙を前記下臼又は前記上臼の回転負荷に応じて変化させる、ようにしてもよい。ここで、「回転負荷に応じて変化させる」とあるのは、例えば、回転負荷が増大するときには間隙を拡大する一方、回転負荷が減少するときには間隙を縮小することを意味している。
このような構成によれば、上下臼間で破砕が進むに従って嵩が小さくなって上臼の回転負荷が減少するような性質を有する原料食材(例えば、多量の水分を含んだ果物等の食材)のときには、上下臼間の間隙を徐々に縮小することにより、上臼が極度に空回りする事態を回避したり、或いは上臼の負荷を破砕に合った適切なものとすることができると共に、上下臼間に押し込まれることにより、上臼の回転負荷が極端に増加するような性質を有する原料食材(例えば、根菜類等の硬い食材)のときには、上下臼間の間隙を徐々に拡大することにより、上臼の駆動モータが過負荷状態となる事態を回避したり、或いは上臼の負荷を破砕に合った適切なものとすることができる。
上記の運転方法の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様においては、前記下臼又は前記上臼の回転速度を前記下臼又は前記上臼の回転負荷に応じて変化させる、ようにしてもよい。ここで、「回転負荷に応じて変化させる」とあるのは、例えば、上臼又は下臼の回転負荷が増大するときには、上臼又は下臼自体の回転速度を減少させたりすることを意味する。
このような構成によれば、上下臼間に押し込まれることにより、上臼の回転負荷が極端に増加するような性質を有する原料食材(例えば、根菜類等の硬い食材)のときには、上下臼間の間隙を徐々に拡大することにより、上臼や下臼の駆動モータが過負荷状態となる事態を回避したり、或いは上臼の負荷を破砕に合った適切なものとすることができる。
上述の運転方法が自動的に実施されるように制御部や駆動部を構成することにより自動裏漉し装置を構成することもできる。すなわち、この自動裏漉し装置は、濾過面となる円錐状凹面を上に向けた状態で円錐中心軸線の周りに正逆両方向へと回転自在に支持される下臼と、押圧面となる円錐状凸面を下に向けた状態で円錐中心軸線の周りに正逆両方向へと回転自在に支持される上臼と、を包含する。前記下臼と前記上臼とは、互いの円錐中心軸線を同軸に整合させたまま、前記円錐状凹面と前記円錐状凸面とが間隙を隔てて上下に対向し、かつ前記間隙が縮小又は拡大するように接近又は離隔が自在に支持されている。さらに、この自動裏漉し装置は、原料食材を、前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面と前記上臼の前記円錐状凸面との前記間隙へと供給するための食材供給通路と、前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面を通過する濾過物を捕集する濾過物捕集部と、前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面に沿って上昇しつつ上端部周縁より溢れ出す残渣を捕集する残渣捕集部と、1又は2以上の駆動源を含むと共に、前記下臼の回転動、前記上臼の回転動、及び前記上下臼間の間隙の接離動を駆動する駆動機構と、操作部と、前記操作部における所定操作に応答して前記駆動機構を制御する制御部と、を包含する。前記制御部には、前記下臼及び前記上臼の回転、並びに、前記上下臼間の間隙が、前記操作部における所定操作で指定される回転方向及び回転速度、並びに、間隙となるように、前記駆動機構を制御する制御機能が組み込まれている。
このような構成によれば、操作部の所定操作で、上臼の目標回転方向及び回転速度、下臼の目標回転方向及び回転速度、並びに、上下臼間の目標間隙を指定すれば、制御部の作用で駆動機構が作動することにより、上臼の回転方向及び回転速度、下臼の回転方向及び回転速度、並びに、上下臼間の間隙は、それぞれ指定された内容に自動的に設定されるから、このような機能を利用して、上下臼間に回転速度差を生じさせることにより、上下臼間に生じる剪断力で原料食材を破砕乃至摩砕すると共に、下臼の回転により生ずる遠心力によって、下臼の円錐状凹面を利用して、破砕された原料食材を濾過物と残渣とに分離し、前記濾過物捕集部及び前記残渣捕集部へとそれぞれ捕集させることができる。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成において、前記制御部には、前記上下臼間の回転速度差を周期的に変化させるように、前記駆動機構を制御する機能がさらに組み込まれていてもよい。ここで、「周期的な変化」とは、例えば正弦波や方形波や鋸歯状波にしたがった変化を挙げることができる。
このような構成によれば、操作部において所定の機能選択操作を行うだけで、上下臼間に介在される原料食材に加えられる剪断力の強度は、周期的に変動することとなるため、剪断力の強度を一定に維持する場合に比べて、上下臼間における原料食材(通常、形状や塊度が不均一)の破砕がスムーズに行われ、閉塞状態が起こり難いと言う利点がある。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の実施の態様1において、前記回転速度差の変化は、上下臼間の回転速度差ゼロを中心として正逆一定幅内で行われる、ようにしてもよい。ここで、「上下臼間の回転速度差ゼロを中心として正逆一定幅内で行われる」とは、例えば下臼の回転速度をNとするとき、上臼の回転速度はN±ΔN(ΔNは偏差)の範囲で例えば正弦波状に変化することを意味している。
このような構成によれば、操作部において所定の機能選択操作を行うだけで、下臼上に例えば放射状に配列された濾過用透孔は、等しく正逆両方向から周期的に擦られることとなるため、一方向へと擦る場合に比べて、各濾過用透孔が残渣により目詰まりを起こし難いと言う利点がある。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様において、前記制御部には、前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転にパルス状の回転ムラが生ずるように、前記駆動機構を制御する制御機能がさらに組み込まれていてもよい。ここで、「パルス状の回転ムラ」とは、回転速度を瞬間的に増加又は減少させることを言う。
このような構成によれば、操作部において所定の機能選択操作を行うだけで、下臼および/または上臼の回転にパルス状の回転ムラを付与することができるから、上下臼間において原料食材の一時的な閉塞状態が起こったりしても、パルス状の回転ムラによる周期的な振動乃至衝撃により、そのような閉塞状態を自動的に解消させて、常に、スムーズな破砕乃至固液分離作用を維持することが可能となる。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様において、前記制御部には、前記上下臼間の間隙を周期的に変化させるように、前記駆動機構を制御する機能がさらに組み込まれていてもよい。ここで、「周期的な変化」とは、例えば正弦波や方形波や鋸歯状波にしたがった変化を挙げることができる。
このような構成によれば、操作部において所定の機能選択操作を行うだけで、上下臼間の間隙を周期的に変化させることができるから、上下臼間の間隙が拡大するときには、原料食材は積極的に上下臼間に押し込まれ、同時に、残渣が排出されるのに対して、上下間の間隙が縮小されるときには、上臼が降下することで、上下臼間において原料食材の破砕が進行することとなるので、上述の破砕作用と固液分離作用とが相まって、濾過物(ピューレ)の生産効率を向上させることができる。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様において、前記制御部には、前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転負荷に応じて前記上下臼間の間隙を変化させるように、前記駆動機構を制御する制御機能がさらに組み込まれていてもよい。ここで、「回転負荷に応じて変化させる」とあるのは、例えば、回転負荷が増大するときには間隙を拡大する一方、回転負荷が減少するときには間隙を縮小することを意味している。
このような構成によれば、操作部において所定の機能選択操作を行うだけで、下臼および/または上臼の回転負荷に応じて上下臼間の間隙を変化させることができるから、上下臼間で破砕が進むに従って嵩が小さくなって上臼の回転負荷が減少するような性質を有する原料食材(例えば、多量の水分を含んだ果物等の食材)のときには、上下臼間の間隙を徐々に縮小することにより、上臼が極度に空回りする事態を回避したり、或いは上臼の負荷を破砕に合った適切なものとすることができると共に、上下臼間に押し込まれることにより、上臼の回転負荷が極端に増加するような性質を有する原料食材(例えば、根菜類等の硬い食材)のときには、上下臼間の間隙を徐々に拡大することにより、上臼の駆動モータが過負荷状態となる事態を回避したり、或いは上臼の負荷を破砕に合った適切なものとすることができる。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様において、前記制御部には、前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転負荷に応じて前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転速度を変化させるように、前記駆動機構を制御する機能がさらに組み込まれていてもよい。ここで、「回転負荷に応じて変化させる」とあるのは、例えば、上臼又は下臼の回転負荷が増大するときには、上臼又は下臼自体の回転速度を減少させたりすることを意味する。
このような構成によれば、操作部において所定の機能選択操作を行うだけで、下臼および/または上臼の回転負荷に応じて下臼および/または上臼の回転速度を変化させることができるから、上下臼間に押し込まれることにより、上臼の回転負荷が極端に増加するような性質を有する原料食材(例えば、根菜類等の硬い食材)のときには、上下臼間の間隙を徐々に拡大することにより、上臼や下臼の駆動モータが過負荷状態となる事態を回避したり、或いは上臼の負荷を破砕に合った適切なものとすることができる。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様において、前記制御部には、
前記操作部における前記下臼の回転数を指定する操作に応答して、前記下臼の回転態様と前記上臼の回転態様との間に既定の相関が維持されるようにして、前記上臼の回転数を自動指定する機能がさらに組み込まれていてもよい。
このような構成によれば、上臼の回転態様と下臼の回転態様との相対的な関係は維持しつつも、下臼の回転による遠心力の大きさだけを個別に調整しながら、最適な固液分離点へのチューニングをなすことができる。このとき、前記既定の相関が、前記下臼の回転数と前記上臼の回転数との差が一定となることであれば、食材の摩砕作用の程度は維持しつつ、固液分離作用だけを適宜に調整することができる。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様において、前記制御部には、
前記操作部における所定の記憶操作により、上臼及び/又は下臼の回転方向及び回転数の現在指定値、及び/又は、上下臼間の間隙の現在指定値を、所定のメモリに記憶させる機能と、前記操作部における所定の読出操作により、上臼及び/又は下臼の回転方向及び回転数の記憶値、及び/又は、上下臼間の間隙の記憶値を、前記所定のメモリから読み出して指定値として設定する機能とがさらに組み込まれていてもよい。
このような構成によれば、上臼及び/又は下臼の回転方向及び回転数の現在指定値、及び/又は、上下臼間の間隙の現在指定値として最適な値が得られたときに、それらの最適値を所定のメモに記憶させておくことにより、これらを読み出すことで、いつでも最適値への設定を容易におこなうことができる。このとき、前記メモリへの記憶、及びメモリからの読出設定は、使用される食材品種毎に実行可能とすれば、各食材品種毎に最適な運転状態への設定を極めて容易に行うことができる。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様において、前記操作部には、前記下臼、前記上臼、及び前記上下臼間の間隙のそれぞれに対応する3個のアナログ操作子が設けられており、前記回転方向及び回転速度の指定並びに間隙の指定は、それぞれ該当する前記アナログ操作子の操作を介して行われる、ようにしてもよい。ここで、「アナログ操作子」とは、スライド操作子や回転操作子等々のように、アナログ値を指定可能な操作子を意味している。なお、ここで言う「操作子」とは物理的に存在する操作子のみならず、画像表示器のスクリーン上に表示されてGUI(Graphical User Intrerface)を構成する操作子も含むことは言うまでもない。
このような構成によれば、目的とする上臼又は下臼の回転数や上下臼間の間隙を連続的に変更することができるため、原料食材の性質(例えば、密度、硬度、含水量、粘度、種子や皮の多少、等々)に合わせて最適な運転状態を見つけ出すためのチューニング操作等に好適なものとなる。
上記の自動裏漉し装置の基本構成、並びに、各実施態様において、前記操作部には、前記下臼、前記上臼、及び前記上下臼間の間隙のそれぞれに対応する3個のデジタル表示器が設けられており、現在の回転方向及び回転速度並びに現在の間隙の確認は、それぞれ該当する前記デジタル表示器を介して行われる、ようにしてもよい。
このような構成によれば、上臼及び下臼の回転速度並びに現在の間隙の確認を数値で正確に確認できるから、それらを記録しておけば、或いは公知のプリセット機能を組み込んで自動的にメモリに記憶しておけば、既知の原料食材については、最適な運転状態を容易に再現させることができる。
以上の説明では、上臼の回転数(回転方向含む)、下臼の回転数(回転方向含む)は、個別に指定するようにしたが、上臼の回転数と下臼の回転数との差(摩砕作用に影響)は一定に維持したまま、下臼の回転数(固液分離作用に影響)だけを変化させたいような場合には、上臼回転数の下臼追従自動設定モードが便利である。この目的のためには、図7に示される設定用画面(基本項目設定用)には、上臼領域に対応して1個の照光式押ボタンA(図示せず)が配置される。そして、この押ボタンAがONされた状態において、操作子702の操作で、下臼の目標回転数を変更すると、上臼の目標回転数は、押ボタンAがONされた時点における上臼目標回転数と下臼目標回転数との差を維持したまま、連動して変更される。例えば、図示のように、上臼の目標回転数が+350回転、下臼の目標回転数が+300回転のときに(上臼350-下臼300=50)、押ボタンAがONされると、その後、操作子702の操作で、下臼の目標回転数を+300→+400に変更すると、上臼の目標回転数は+350→+450へと自動的に変更される(上臼450-下臼400=50)。なお、このような自動変更機能を実現するためのソフトウェアは当業者であれば容易に実現できるから、フローチャートによる説明は省略する。また、この考え方は、上臼の回転数と下臼の回転数との差を維持することに留まらず、上臼の回転態様(周期的変動、回転ムラ等々)と下臼の回転態様(周期的変動、回転ムラ等々)との相対的関係を維持したまま、下臼の目標回転数の変更に追従させて、上臼の目標回転数を変更させる場合にも、広く拡張することができるであろう。例えば、下臼の回転数と上臼の回転数との間にn倍の関係を維持すると言った例が考えられる。
以上の例では、上臼の回転数(回転方向含む)、下臼の回転数(回転方向含む)、及び上下間隙を、その都度に、指定することが必要であったが、過去の最適値に合わせてそれらの値を再設定するような場合には、プリセットモードが便利である。この目的のためには、図7に示される設定用画面(基本項目設定用)には、選択された食材品種に対応する食材品種番号を入力するための数値キー(図示せず)と、入力された食材品種番号を表示するための数値表示器(図示せず)と、上臼用の記憶スイッチB1と読出スイッチB2(図示せず)と、下臼用の記憶スイッチC1と読出スイッチC2(図示せず)と、間隙用の記憶スイッチD1と読出スイッチD2(図示せず)と、が設けられる。そして、例えば、ある食材品種(食材品種番号115)について、上臼回転数、下臼回転数、上下間隙についての現在値(例えば、最適値)を記憶させる場合には、数値キーにより食材品種番号「115」を入力して数値表示器に表示させた状態において、上臼の記憶スイッチB1、下臼の記憶スイッチC1、上下間隙の記憶スイッチD1をON操作する。すると、そのON時点の上臼現在回転数、下臼現在回転数、上下間隙の値は、それぞれPLCのデータメモリ上の該当する不揮発性記憶領域に格納される。後日、当該食材品種に関して、上臼回転数、下臼回転数、上下間隙のそれぞれを過去に記憶させた最適値に設定したい場合には、数値キーにより食材品種番号「115」を入力して数値表示器に表示させた状態において、上臼の読出スイッチB2、下臼の読出スイッチC2、上下間隙の読出スイッチD1をON操作する。すると、PLCのデータメモリ上の該当する不揮発性記憶領域から、上臼の回転数データ、下臼の回転数データ、上下間隙の間隔データが読み出され、上臼の目標回転数、下臼の目標回転数、上下間隙の目標間隙として設定される。これにより、オペーレータは、過去の最適値への設定作業を容易に行うことが可能となる。なお、このようなプリセットモード機能を実現するためのソフトウェアは当業者であれば容易に実現できるから、フローチャートによる説明は省略する。
原料食材案内溝の具体的な形態としては、図12に示されるように、単一または複数の出口孔204bのそれぞれから1本の渦曲線状の食材案内溝204cを延出されるものに限らず、図13に示されるように、中心に位置する単一の出口孔から複数本の直線状案内溝204cを全体として放射状となるように延出するものであってもよい。
円錐状凸面の上縁部外周にスクレーパ部を有するホールド部材204Bについて、図23及び図24を参照して説明する。それらの図において、図17及び図18と同一構成部分については、同符号を付すことにより説明は省略する。図23(b),(c)に示されるように、このホールド部材204Bにあっては、円錐状凸面204aの上縁部外周にスクレーパ部204kが90度間隔で4箇所に配置されている。スクレーパ部204kは、回転方向と対向する傾斜面により、ストレーナ部201Bとの相対回転に際して、後述する残瑳を掬い上げて除去乃至掻き出すように構成されている。
2 裏漉し処理部
3 軸受け支持機構
4 駆動系(下臼回転用)
5 駆動系(上臼回転用)
6 駆動系(上臼昇降用)
7 操作部
8 制御部
10 自動裏漉し装置
201 下臼
201a 底面(円錐状凹面)
201b 円形中心領域
201c 傾斜面
201d 濾過用透孔
201e 周縁部
202 シャフト
203 軸受け
204 上臼
204a 底面(円錐状凸面)
204b 出口孔
204c 食材案内溝
204d 周縁部
204e 入口孔
205 原料食材供給管
206 軸受け
207 濾過物捕集槽
207a 濾過物排出管
208 残渣捕集槽
208a 残渣排出口
209 支柱
301 昇降台
302 ガイドロッド
303 ガイドスリーブ
304 支持台
401 第1サーボモータ
402 タイミングベルト
403 従動プーリ
501 第2サーボモータ
502 駆動プーリ
503 タイミングベルト
504 従動プーリ
601 取付具
602 第3サーボモータ
603 ボールネジシャフト
701 スライド式操作子(上臼の目標回転数設定用)
702 スライド式操作子(下臼の目標回転数設定用)
703 スライド式操作子(上下臼間の目標間隙設定用)
704 数値表示器(上臼の目標回転数表示用)
705 数値表示器(下臼の目標回転数表示用)
706 数値表示器(目標間隙表示用)
707 数値表示器(上臼の現在回転数表示用)
708 数値表示器(下臼の現在回転数表示用)
709 数値表示器(現在間隙表示用)
710 数値表示器(上臼の現在負荷表示用)
711 数値表示器(下臼の現在負荷表示用)
712 照光式押ボタン(上臼の回転ムラオプション設定用)
713 照光式押ボタン(下臼の回転ムラオプション設定用)
714 照光式押ボタン(上臼の周期的変化オプション設定用)
715 照光式押ボタン(下臼の周期的変化オプション設定用)
716 照光式押ボタン(上臼の負荷追従オプション設定用)
717 照光式押ボタン(下臼の負荷追従オプション設定用)
718 照光式押ボタン(上下臼間の間隙の負荷追従オプション設定用)
A 昇降方向を示す矢印
P 残渣
Q 濾過物
R 原料食材
Claims (24)
- 濾過面となる円錐状凹面を上に向けた状態で円錐中心軸線の周りに正逆両方向へと回転自在に支持される下臼と、
押圧面となる円錐状凸面を下に向けた状態で円錐中心軸線の周りに正逆両方向へと回転自在に支持される上臼と、を包含し、
前記下臼と前記上臼とは、互いの円錐中心軸線を同軸に整合させたまま、前記円錐状凹面と前記円錐状凸面とが間隙を隔てて上下に対向し、かつ前記間隙が縮小又は拡大するように接近又は離脱が自在に支持されており、さらに
原料食材を、前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面と前記上臼の前記円錐状凸面との前記間隙へと供給するための食材供給通路と、
前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面を通過する濾過物を捕集する濾過物捕集部と、
前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面に沿って上昇しつつ上端部周縁より溢れ出す残渣を捕集する残渣捕集部と、を包含する裏漉し機の運転方法であって、
前記上下臼間に回転速度差を生じさせることにより、前記上下臼間に生じる剪断力で原料食材を破砕乃至摩砕すると共に、前記下臼の回転により生ずる遠心力によって、前記下臼の円錐状凹面を利用して、破砕された原料食材を濾過物と残渣とに分離し、前記濾過物捕集部及び前記残渣捕集部へとそれぞれ捕集させる、ことを特徴とする裏漉し機の運転方法。 - 前記回転速度差を周期的に変化させる、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の裏漉し機の運転方法。
- 前記回転速度の周期的変化は、前記上下臼間の回転速度差ゼロを中心として正逆一定幅内で行われる、ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の裏漉し機の運転方法。
- 前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転にパルス状の回転ムラを付与する、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の裏漉し機の運転方法。
- 前記上下臼間の前記間隙を周期的に変化させる、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の裏漉し機の運転方法。
- 前記上下臼間の前記間隙を前記下臼又は前記上臼の回転負荷に応じて変化させる、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の裏漉し機の運転方法。
- 前記下臼又は前記上臼の回転速度を前記下臼又は前記上臼の回転負荷に応じて変化させる、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の裏漉し機の運転方法。
- 前記下臼の濾過面に設けられた濾過用透孔は、入口側が大径でかつ出口側が小径となるテーパー状内壁を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の裏漉し機の運転方法。
- 前記上臼の円錐状凸面と前記下臼の円錐状凹面との少なくともいずれか一方は、放射状溝を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の裏漉し機の運転方法。
- 濾過面となる円錐状凹面を上に向けた状態で円錐中心軸線の周りに正逆両方向へと回転自在に支持される下臼と、
押圧面となる円錐状凸面を下に向けた状態で円錐中心軸線の周りに正逆両方向へと回転自在に支持される上臼と、を包含し、
前記下臼と前記上臼とは、互いの円錐中心軸線を同軸に整合させたまま、前記円錐状凹面と前記円錐状凸面とが間隙を隔てて上下に対向し、かつ前記間隙が縮小又は拡大するように接近又は離脱が自在に支持されており、さらに
原料食材を、前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面と前記上臼の前記円錐状凸面との前記間隙へと供給するための食材供給通路と、
前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面を通過する濾過物を捕集する濾過物捕集部と、
前記下臼の前記円錐状凹面に沿って上昇しつつ上端部周縁より溢れ出す残渣を捕集する残渣捕集部と、
1又は2以上の駆動源を含むと共に、前記下臼の回転動、前記上臼の回転動、及び前記上下臼間の間隙の接離動を駆動する駆動機構と、
操作部と、
前記操作部における所定操作に応答して前記駆動機構を制御する制御部と、を包含し、
前記制御部には、
前記下臼及び前記上臼の回転、並びに、前記上下臼間の間隙が、前記操作部における所定操作で指定される回転方向及び回転速度、並びに、間隙となるように、前記駆動機構を制御する制御機能が組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする自動裏漉し装置。 - 前記制御部には、
前記上下臼間の回転速度差を周期的に変化させるように、前記駆動機構を制御する機能がさらに組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の自動裏漉し装置。 - 前記回転速度差の変化は、上下臼間の回転速度差ゼロを中心として正逆一定幅内で行われる、ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の自動裏漉し装置。
- 前記制御部には、
前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転にパルス状の回転ムラが生ずるように、前記駆動機構を制御する制御機能がさらに組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の自動裏漉し装置。 - 前記制御部には、
前記上下臼間の間隙を周期的に変化させるように、前記駆動機構を制御する機能がさらに組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の自動裏漉し装置。 - 前記制御部には、
前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転負荷に応じて前記上下臼間の間隙を変化させるように、前記駆動機構を制御する制御機能がさらに組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の自動裏漉し装置。 - 前記制御部には、
前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転負荷に応じて前記下臼および/または前記上臼の回転速度を変化させるように、前記駆動機構を制御する機能がさらに組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の自動裏漉し装置。 - 前記制御部には、
前記操作部における前記下臼の回転数を指定する操作に応答して、前記下臼の回転態様と前記上臼の回転態様との間に既定の相関が維持されるようにして、前記上臼の回転数を自動指定する機能がさらに組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の自動裏漉し装置。 - 前記既定の相関が、前記下臼の回転数と前記上臼の回転数との差が一定となることである、ことを特徴とする請求項17に記載の自動裏漉し装置。
- 前記制御部には、
前記操作部における所定の記憶操作により、上臼及び/又は下臼の回転方向及び回転数の現在指定値、及び/又は、上下臼間の間隙の現在指定値を、所定のメモリに記憶させる機能と、前記操作部における所定の読出操作により、上臼及び/又は下臼の回転方向及び回転数の記憶値、及び/又は、上下臼間の間隙の記憶値を、前記所定のメモリから読み出して指定値として設定する機能とがさらに組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の自動裏漉し装置。 - 前記メモリへの記憶、及びメモリからの読出設定は、使用される食材品種毎に実行可能とされている、ことを特徴とする請求項19に記載の自動裏漉し装置。
- 前記操作部には、前記下臼、前記上臼、及び前記上下臼間の間隙のそれぞれに対応する3個のアナログ操作子が設けられており、前記回転方向及び回転速度の指定並びに間隙の指定は、それぞれ該当する前記アナログ操作子の操作を介して行われる、ことを特徴とする請求項10~20のいずれかに記載の自動裏漉し装置。
- 前記操作部には、前記下臼、前記上臼、及び前記上下臼間の間隙のそれぞれに対応する3個のデジタル表示器が設けられており、現在の回転方向及び回転速度並びに現在の間隙の確認は、それぞれ該当する前記デジタル表示器を介して行われる、ことを特徴とする請求項10~20のいずれかに記載の自動裏漉し装置。
- 前記下臼の濾過面に設けられた濾過用透孔は、入口側が大径でかつ出口側が小径となるテーパー状内壁を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項10~20のいずれかに記載の自動裏漉し装置。
- 前記上臼の円錐状凸面と前記下臼の円錐状凹面との少なくともいずれか一方は、放射状溝を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項10~20のいずれかに記載の裏漉し装置。
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US14/416,959 US20150201785A1 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-05-30 | Method for operating food mill |
KR20157004257A KR20150038139A (ko) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-05-30 | 푸드 밀의 운전 방법 |
MX2015001072A MX2015001072A (es) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-05-30 | Metodo para operar un molino de alimentos. |
CN201380039711.3A CN104486976A (zh) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-05-30 | 研捣器的运转方法 |
EP13822694.9A EP2878237A4 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-05-30 | METHOD FOR OPERATING A FOOD MILL |
AU2013294352A AU2013294352A1 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-05-30 | Method for operating food mill |
IL236774A IL236774A0 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2015-01-18 | A method of operating a food mill |
PH12015500132A PH12015500132A1 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2015-01-22 | Method for operating food mill |
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EP (1) | EP2878237A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5799349B2 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN104486976A (ja) |
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JP2014039793A (ja) | 2014-03-06 |
KR20150038139A (ko) | 2015-04-08 |
CN104486976A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
US20150201785A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
JP5799349B2 (ja) | 2015-10-21 |
AU2013294352A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
EP2878237A1 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
PH12015500132A1 (en) | 2015-03-16 |
IL236774A0 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
EP2878237A4 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
MX2015001072A (es) | 2015-07-14 |
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