WO2013174158A1 - 一种齿轮减速装置、洗衣机及洗涤方法 - Google Patents

一种齿轮减速装置、洗衣机及洗涤方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013174158A1
WO2013174158A1 PCT/CN2013/071057 CN2013071057W WO2013174158A1 WO 2013174158 A1 WO2013174158 A1 WO 2013174158A1 CN 2013071057 W CN2013071057 W CN 2013071057W WO 2013174158 A1 WO2013174158 A1 WO 2013174158A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
washing
output member
gear
sleeve
spur gear
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/071057
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈昌
Original Assignee
Chen Chang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN 201210164423 external-priority patent/CN102684377A/zh
Application filed by Chen Chang filed Critical Chen Chang
Priority to US14/403,008 priority Critical patent/US20150107382A1/en
Priority to BR112014029151A priority patent/BR112014029151A2/pt
Priority to KR1020147036376A priority patent/KR20150091225A/ko
Priority to MX2014014064A priority patent/MX2014014064A/es
Publication of WO2013174158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013174158A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F17/00—Washing machines having receptacles, stationary for washing purposes, wherein the washing action is effected solely by circulation or agitation of the washing liquid
    • D06F17/06—Washing machines having receptacles, stationary for washing purposes, wherein the washing action is effected solely by circulation or agitation of the washing liquid by rotary impellers
    • D06F17/08—Driving arrangements for the impeller
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/30—Driving arrangements 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/70—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H1/321—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear the orbital gear being nutating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H2001/323—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear comprising eccentric crankshafts driving or driven by a gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H2001/325—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear comprising a carrier with pins guiding at least one orbital gear with circular holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H2001/327—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear with orbital gear sets comprising an internally toothed ring gear
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49462—Gear making
    • Y10T29/49464—Assembling of gear into force transmitting device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of washing machine technology, and in particular to a gear reduction device for a washing machine, a washing machine having the same, and a washing method therefor.
  • the Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN102142734A discloses an outer rotor motor assembly including a motor body, a drive shaft, and a transmission device, wherein: the drive shaft is fixed on the transmission device, and the motor body is directly driven
  • the drive shaft has a inner diameter space
  • the transmission device is installed in the inner diameter space of the motor body.
  • the motor body directly drives the shaft, and then the drive shaft is decelerated by the transmission device installed in the inner diameter space of the motor, thus only reducing the occupied space to a certain extent, but the structure Still not compact enough, further, when the transmission needs to increase the volume in order to obtain a larger transmission ratio, the outer rotor motor must also increase the inner diameter to achieve the invention, which obviously does not solve the substantial technical problem.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art described above and to provide a gear reduction device that mounts a deceleration input member and a deceleration output member in a rotating body that provides rotational kinetic energy, thereby compressing the volume of the entire gear reduction device.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple and compact structure, energy saving and low noise.
  • the invention also provides a washing machine having the above gear reduction device.
  • a gear reduction device comprising: a shaftless rotating body for providing rotational kinetic energy; a deceleration input member mounted inside the rotating body for acquiring the rotational kinetic energy and utilizing the acquired rotational kinetic energy relative to the rotation a body axis rotates; a deceleration output member connected to the deceleration input member for outputting a power whose rotation speed is equal to or lower than a rotation speed of the rotating body; and a first execution member and a second execution member that connect the deceleration output member, For rotating under the action of the power of the deceleration output member.
  • the rotating body is a motor rotor or a pulley.
  • the rotating body can also be a rotating component that is connected by other transmissions, such as a gear or a sprocket.
  • the motor rotor or pulley comprises: a drive frame; a cavity located within the drive frame.
  • the deceleration input member is mounted within the cavity and includes: an eccentric sleeve that connects the drive frame and rotates about a drive frame axis.
  • the rotating body is a motor rotor
  • the driving frame is a rotor frame
  • the driving frame is a pulley frame.
  • the rotor frame and the belt pulley frame may be integral or combined.
  • the deceleration output member includes: a spur gear that is disposed outside the eccentric sleeve and is rotatably coupled thereto for revolving around the drive frame axis as the eccentric sleeve rotates; and connecting the second execution component Or an inner ring gear of the first actuator member, wherein the spur gear is disposed therein such that the spur gear meshes with internal teeth of the ring gear during the revolution to generate rotation; connecting the spur gear to A connecting device of the first or second actuator.
  • the connecting device is a slider structure, comprising: a cross slider passing through the first executing component or the second executing component, the lower end surface of which is slidably connected with the upper end surface of the spur gear; The positioning slider of the upper end surface of the block is slidably connected, and its center is fixed to the first execution component or the second execution component.
  • the cross slider comprises: a disc body centered through the first execution component or the second execution component; a pair of lower bosses respectively disposed on the lower end surface of the disc body and diametrically opposite; a pair of upper projections on the upper end surface of the disc body and diametrically opposed, the extension line of which forms a space with the extension line of the pair of lower projections Cross distribution.
  • the positioning slider comprises: a cylindrical slider body whose center is fixedly connected with the first executing component or the second executing component; and is disposed on both sides of the slider body and protrudes backwards along the radial direction thereof a pair of ear plates respectively provided with grooves matching the pair of upper bosses.
  • the upper end surface of the spur gear is provided with a pair of diametrically opposed gear grooves, and corresponds to the positions of the pair of lower bosses.
  • the connecting device comprises a connecting plate body, and the connecting plate body and the ortho-spindle are in a sliding connection with the shaft pin.
  • the shaft hole pin insertion type sliding connection is arranged in the following manner: the shaft hole is distributed on the splicing plate body, the connecting pin shaft is disposed on the spur gear, and the shaft hole and the connecting pin shaft are inserted and slid
  • the connection may be: the shaft hole is distributed on the spur gear, the connecting pin shaft is disposed on the splicing plate body, and the shaft hole and the connecting pin shaft are inserted and inserted to realize the sliding connection; or: the shaft holes are respectively distributed
  • the connecting plate body and the spur gear are respectively inserted into the shaft hole through the connecting pin shaft to realize the sliding connection; the number of the shaft hole and the connecting pin shaft may be plural, and specifically may be selected from 4-12, most preferably , for 6-8.
  • the eccentric sleeve comprises: a second sleeve fixedly coupled to the drive frame and rotating about the drive frame axis; and a first sleeve fixedly coupled to the upper end surface of the second sleeve body The frame axis is eccentrically rotated; wherein the spur gear is rotatably mounted on the outside of the first sleeve body.
  • the washing machine of the present invention further includes: a clutch device disposed inside the housing assembly, the axial sliding member is sleeved on the outer wall of the ring gear, and is axially slid and disposed at one end of the drive frame
  • the latches are snap-fitted or disengaged.
  • the clutch device includes: an electromagnetic coil mechanism fixed in the housing assembly; a clutch ring gear disposed on an inner wall of the electromagnetic coil mechanism; wherein the clutch ring gear is slidably coupled to the inner ring gear, and The bottom end is provided with a tooth groove that is engaged with the latch of one end of the drive frame.
  • the present invention also provides a washing method comprising the steps of: fixedly connecting an input member of a speed reduction mechanism to a power member providing rotational kinetic energy; and a dewatering output member of the speed reduction mechanism and a dewatering sleeve of the washing machine a fixed connection; connecting the washing output member of the speed reduction mechanism to the washing shaft of the washing machine; connecting the washing output member to the input member to revolve the washing output member around the axis of the power member; The component is meshed with the washing and outputting member, and the dewatering output member and the washing and outputting member are respectively rotated by interaction, thereby respectively driving the washing shaft and the dewatering sleeve to rotate, and washing the laundry.
  • the washing method further includes the following steps: during the rotation of the washing shaft, the washing shaft transmits a reaction load to the washing output member by the washing load; and the washing output member passes the washing load A reaction force is applied to the dehydration output member, and an interaction of the wash output member with the dehydration output member is changed such that a rotation speed of the wash output member and the dehydration output member changes with a change in a wash load.
  • the washing machine and the gear reduction device thereof of the present invention have the following outstanding advantages:
  • the gear reduction device of the present invention disposes the deceleration input member and the deceleration output member inside the rotating body, so that the space inside the rotating body can be fully utilized, and the volume of the gear reduction device can be reduced, thereby facilitating miniaturization of the washing machine;
  • the spur gear of the gear reduction device of the present invention rotates with the eccentric sleeve and rotates with the inner ring gear, so that the washing shaft and the dewatering sleeve realize simultaneous reverse rotation, reducing the motor Energy consumption, and reduce noise;
  • the invention uses a connecting device to connect the spur gear to the washing shaft or the dewatering bushing, so that the spur gear converts the eccentric moment from the axis of the rotating body obtained when rotating with the eccentric sleeve into a torque coaxial with the axis of the rotating body. Due to the small number of transmission components, the transmission efficiency is high, the structure is compact, the volume is small, and the installation and use are convenient.
  • the rotating body provided by the invention is one of the components of the gear reduction device, and the rotating body can adopt the motor rotor or the pulley, and the structure of the gear reduction device is more compact and the space is smaller. The consumption of a large number of connectors is also reduced, thereby further reducing the production cost of the washing machine.
  • the rotation speed of the washing shaft can be adjusted according to the change of the washing load, thereby reducing or eliminating the damage of the laundry, and the burning accident of the motor of the washing machine due to the overload can be avoided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gear reduction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the gear reduction device of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a positioning slider according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cross slider according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an eccentric sleeve according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a gear reduction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of a gear reduction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a right side view of the lands shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of a rotor insert of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is an exploded view of the clutch device, the dewatering bushing and the ring gear portion of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ring gear of the present invention
  • Figure 15 is a plan view of the ring gear of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of a clutch ring gear of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a front elevational view of the gear reduction device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is a view showing the rotational direction of each of the gear reduction device and the washing shaft of the present invention.
  • the core of the invention is a gear reduction device, a washing machine with the gear reduction device provided by the invention, and a washing method, both of which have the advantages of small axial dimension, compact structure and small space occupation. .
  • Figure 17 is a front elevational view showing a gear reduction device of the present invention
  • Figures 1 and 7 are cross-sectional views showing two embodiments of the gear reduction device shown in Figure 17, as shown in Figures 1 and 7, the gear of the present invention.
  • the speed reduction device includes: a shaftless rotating body for providing rotational kinetic energy; a deceleration input member mounted inside the rotating body for acquiring the rotational kinetic energy, and rotating with the obtained rotational kinetic energy with respect to the rotating body axis a deceleration output member connected to the decelerating input member for outputting a power whose rotational speed is equal to or lower than a rotational speed of the rotating body; and a first executing member and a second executing member connecting the decelerating output member for The rotation of the deceleration output member is performed under the action of the power.
  • the first actuator is a wash shaft and the second actuator is a dewatering sleeve.
  • the rotating body used in the present invention for providing rotational kinetic energy is a motor rotor or a pulley
  • the motor rotor may be an inner rotor of the motor or an outer rotor of the motor.
  • the rotating body is the inner rotor of the motor.
  • those skilled in the art can completely replace the outer rotor of the motor with the outer rotor or the pulley of the motor according to the technical solution described in the embodiments of the present invention, and, when correspondingly substituted, the present invention The corresponding changes in the structure are not novel.
  • the inner rotor of the motor provides rotational kinetic energy by rotating about an axis located at its center, and a deceleration input member and a deceleration output member for decelerating the output rotational speed of the inner rotor are provided inside the inner rotor, due to the deceleration input member and
  • the inner rotors are connected such that the decelerating input member obtains rotational kinetic energy during rotation of the inner rotor about the axis and utilizes the acquired rotational kinetic energy to rotate relative to the axis of the rotating body.
  • the eccentric sleeve surrounds the inner rotor
  • the axis is eccentrically rotated, so that the decelerating output member that connects the eccentric sleeve is also eccentrically rotated about the inner rotor axis, and the eccentrically rotated power is converted into a power output having a rotational speed equal to or lower than the inner rotor rotational speed.
  • the deceleration output member is connected to the washing shaft and the dewatering sleeve, one end of the washing shaft is connected with the pulsator of the washing machine (or agitator, hereinafter, not described again) (not shown), the dewatering sleeve and the washing machine
  • the inner tub (not shown) is connected, and the dewatering sleeve 20 is sleeved on the outside of the washing shaft and is rotatably connected thereto, so that the washing shaft and the dewatering sleeve will be equal to or under the action of the output of the decelerating output member.
  • the power lower than the inner rotor rotational speed is supplied to the pulsator and the inner tub, respectively, thereby enabling the washing machine equipped with the gear reduction device of the present invention to perform the laundry function.
  • a stator 2 is disposed inside the casing assembly 1, and an inner rotor 3 for providing rotational kinetic energy is disposed inside the stator 2.
  • the inner rotor of the present invention includes a drive frame 31 and a cavity 32 provided inside the drive frame, so that the rotational speed of the inner rotor is the rotational speed of the drive frame, and the rotational axis of the drive frame is its axis of symmetry.
  • a spur gear is disposed such that the spur gear meshes with the internal teeth of the ring gear during the revolution to generate a rotation, and the ring gear rotates correspondingly during the meshing with the spur gear, and transmits the power to the dewatering bushing;
  • the spur gear is connected to the washing shaft 5 through a connecting device, thereby transmitting the power generated by the rotation thereof to the washing shaft.
  • the washing machine of the present invention further includes a clutch device for controlling the output speed of the decelerating output member, which is disposed inside the housing assembly and axially slidably fitted on the outer wall of the ring gear, and is driven by the axial sliding
  • the latches at one end of the frame are snap-fitted or disengaged such that the speed of the output of the deceleration output member is equal to or lower than the rotational speed of the drive frame.
  • the present invention connects the spur gear to the washing shaft through a connecting device, and the connecting device of the present invention has different structural forms, which will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • the connecting device in the gear reduction device of the present invention is a structural schematic view of a slider structure.
  • the motor of this embodiment is an inner rotor motor.
  • the housing assembly includes: a cylindrical housing 11 open at both ends, a motor end cover 12 connected to the bottom end of the housing 11, a mounting plate 14 at the top end of the housing and connected to the motor end cover 12 via a motor bolt 13 And the housing 11, the motor end cover 12 and the mounting plate 14 enclose an internal space for arranging other components such as the stator 2 and the inner rotor 3.
  • the inner rotor of this embodiment includes a drive frame 31 and a cavity 32 provided inside the drive frame, and a latching tooth 33 is provided at the top end surface of the drive frame.
  • the driving frame of the embodiment includes a cylindrical rotor 34 and a rotor insert 35 located in the rotor, wherein the rotor insert comprises: a cylinder 351 having open ends, the top end of which is provided There is a latching tooth 33 extending upward; a base 352 at the bottom end of the cylinder, and a base through hole is defined in the center of the base.
  • the cylinder and the base in the rotor insert together form a cavity 32 for arranging the decelerating input member and the decelerating output member, and the washing shaft passes through the center of the through hole of the base, so that the drive frame rotates to have the same shape as the washing shaft
  • the axis of rotation that is, the axis of rotation of the drive frame coincides with the axis of rotation of the wash shaft.
  • a deceleration input member and a deceleration output member and a clutch device are disposed in the cavity of the inner rotor, and the deceleration input member includes an eccentric sleeve 4, and the deceleration output member includes a spur gear 6, an inner ring gear 7 and the connection device 8.
  • the eccentric sleeve is fixedly coupled to the driving frame 31, and the eccentric sleeve rotates around the rotating shaft of the driving frame.
  • the eccentric sleeve includes a second sleeve that rotates coaxially with the drive frame and a first sleeve that rotates off-axis with the drive frame, wherein the second sleeve and the first sleeve may be separately fixed.
  • the connection may also be an integral fixed connection.
  • the second sleeve is a second sleeve 43, and the first set includes an eccentric connection with the top end of the second sleeve.
  • the fixed connection between the eccentric sleeve 4 and the driving frame 31 is a rigid connection for transmitting the rotating torque.
  • the eccentric sleeve and the driving frame can be integrally fixedly connected, or a split type fixing can be used, such as Connect by screws, welding, etc.
  • the preferred specific manner is as follows:
  • the cylindrical rotor 34 is made of gold.
  • the eccentric sleeve 4 is made of metal, and the cylindrical rotor 34 and the eccentric sleeve 4 are placed in an injection mold or a die-casting mold, and the rotor and the eccentric sleeve are directly mounted on the rotor insert 35 by injection molding or die-casting; more preferably,
  • the outer side of the epitaxial edge of the eccentric connector 41 of the eccentric sleeve 4 may be provided with a plurality of depressions (four in FIG. 2) or a convex edge, thereby increasing the bonding force between the eccentric sleeve 4 and the driving frame 31 during injection molding or die casting, which is easy.
  • the eccentric sleeve fixed in the through hole of the rotor insert base through the second sleeve body also rotates coaxially and at the same speed, thereby driving the first sleeve body 42 in the eccentric sleeve to be rotationally connected.
  • the spur gear is also rotated accordingly.
  • the spur gear 6 of the present embodiment includes a steel ring 63 and external teeth 60 which are integrally formed by injection molding on the outer side of the steel ring, and the upper end surface of the spur gear is further provided with a pair of diametrically opposed gear grooves 62. .
  • the steel ring and the first sleeve in the eccentric sleeve are rotatably connected, the specific way is: the outer wall of the first set of body 42 and the inner ring of the oil-impregnated bearing 100 are connected in an interference manner, and the upper end of the extended side of the eccentric connecting piece The outer ring of the oil-impregnated bearing 100 is in contact with the lower end of the oil-impregnated bearing 100, and the outer ring of the oil-impregnated bearing 100 is in contact with the inner wall of the spur gear.
  • the outer wall of the first sleeve 42 and the inner ring of the oil-impregnated bearing 100 may be used.
  • the eccentric sleeve 4 itself is improved in structure, such as powder metallurgy material, so that the eccentric sleeve 4 itself has the function of the oil-impregnated bearing 100, avoiding The oil-impregnated bearing 100 is used alone to rotationally connect the rim to an eccentric sleeve that itself has an oil-bearing bearing function.
  • a plurality of reducing grooves can be provided inside the first sleeve body 42 to reduce the manufacturing cost, and at the same time, an appropriate amount of lubricating material, such as lubricating oil, oil cotton, and an eccentric sleeve can be added to the reducing tank.
  • lubricating material such as lubricating oil, oil cotton, and an eccentric sleeve
  • the upper connecting member is a casing, and an outer wall thereof is provided with external splines 711 distributed along the axial direction thereof, and an inner wall thereof is provided with a plurality of convex grooves 712 distributed along the axial direction thereof; and the lower connecting member 72 is The cylindrical structure has a top end fixed to the upper connecting member, and an inner tooth 721 is embedded in the inner wall thereof, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 723 are further provided at the joint with the upper connecting member, and the adjacent reinforcing ribs 723 are provided. There are also a plurality of perforated bosses 722 for arranging the springs 200.
  • the plurality of convex grooves in the upper connecting member are matched with the plurality of sleeve recesses 201 provided on the outer wall of the dewatering bushing, thereby integrally connecting the inner ring gear and the dewatering bushing integrally, and
  • the metal connecting member may be rigidly connected to the dewatering bushing by laser welding or other means.
  • the inner teeth 721 located on the inner wall of the lower connecting member 72 may be made of plastic or metal.
  • the spur gear rotates and rotates at the same time under the combined force of the rotating eccentric sleeve and the inner ring gear meshed by the gear teeth, and the direction of rotation thereof is opposite to the revolution direction, and the rotation speed at the time of rotation is lower than that of the drive frame.
  • the rotation speed of the inner ring gear is also opposite to the rotation direction of the spur gear and lower than the rotation speed of the driving frame under the action of the corresponding force.
  • the slider structure of the embodiment comprises: a cross slider 85 passing through the washing shaft, the lower end surface of which is slidably connected with the upper end surface of the spur gear; a positioning slider 86 slidably connected with the upper end surface of the cross slider, the center and the washing The shaft is fixed. As shown in FIG.
  • a pair of lower bosses in the cross slider 85 are respectively disposed in a pair of gear grooves 62 of the upper end surface of the spur gear, and a pair of lower bosses can respectively be respectively Sliding in a pair of gear grooves corresponding to the positions thereof;
  • a pair of upper bosses in the cross slider 85 are respectively disposed in a pair of grooves 863 located on the lower surface of the positioning slider, and the pair of upper bosses may respectively Sliding in a pair of grooves;
  • the center of the slider body of the positioning slider is fixedly connected with the washing shaft such that the center line of the positioning slider coincides with the center line of the washing shaft.
  • the power generated by the rotation of the spur gear about the spur gear axis 40 when rotating the spur gear can be converted into a washing shaft winding.
  • the power to rotate the wash shaft axis 50 i.e., the drive frame axis
  • the washing machine has different washing conditions during operation, it is necessary to adjust the output speed of the decelerating output member according to different needs of the washing condition, for example, when washing, the output speed of the decelerating output member is required to be low speed, and when dehydrating, The output speed of the deceleration output unit is required to be high speed.
  • the washing machine further includes a clutch device disposed in the inner cavity formed by the housing assembly, and axially slidingly disposed on the outer wall of the inner ring gear, the passage and the driving frame
  • the latching teeth 33 on one end face are engaged or disengaged, and the decelerating output member in the gear reduction device is locked or in operation, thereby causing the decelerating output member to be decelerated or output at a high speed.
  • the clutch device in this embodiment is an electromagnetic clutch device including an electromagnetic coil mechanism and a clutch ring gear 91, and the electromagnetic coil mechanism is disposed outside the clutch ring gear.
  • the electromagnetic coil mechanism comprises an electromagnetic coil 92, a wire frame 93 and a coil holder 94.
  • the coil holder is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 14 in the housing assembly, the wire frame is mounted on the coil holder, and the electromagnetic coil is wound around the wire. On the shelf.
  • the clutch ring gear 91 includes an upper end connecting portion and a lower end connecting portion, and the upper end connecting portion and the lower end connecting portion may be a split type fixed connection or an integral fixed connection.
  • the upper end connecting portion has a cylindrical structure including an inner spline 911 disposed on the inner side and a magnet guide ring 912 sleeved on the outer side of the upper end connecting portion and integrally molded therewith.
  • the inner spline 911 is slidably engaged with the outer spline 711 on the outer wall of the inner ring gear, and the magnet ring is matched with the electromagnetic coil, and can be attracted or moved away from the electromagnetic coil under the magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil; the bottom end surface of the lower end connecting portion a plurality of spaced apart convex teeth are provided, and a tooth groove 913 is formed between each adjacent convex tooth, and the tooth groove 913 is matched with the latching teeth 33 provided on one end surface of the driving frame, preferably at the lower end connecting portion Several reduction slots are provided around the perimeter to reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the electromagnetic coil When the electromagnetic coil is energized, under the action of the magnetic field repulsive force of the electromagnetic coil, the magnet ring is moved downward to move away from the electromagnetic coil, and the lead magnet ring is fixedly connected with the upper end of the clutch ring gear, thereby driving the magnet ring.
  • the entire clutch ring gear 91 is slid down along the outer ring outer wall until the tooth groove of the lower end of the clutch ring gear is engaged with the latch on the drive frame. At this time, the inner ring gear is obtained the same as the drive frame.
  • the electromagnetic coil in the clutch device is energized at this time, and the electromagnetic coil interacts with the magnet ring 912 disposed outside the clutch ring gear to form a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnet ring is in the electromagnetic repulsive force.
  • the inner tub connected to the dewatering bushing Since the moment of inertia of the inner tub connected to the dewatering bushing is greater than the moment of inertia of the pulsator connected to the washing shaft, the spur gear and the ring gear in the decelerating output member fixed by the washing shaft and the pulsator are locked, so that The deceleration output member is in a locked state under the great moment of inertia of the inner tub, so that the entire deceleration input member and the deceleration output member are operated at high speed along with the drive frame, and the washing shaft attached thereto is also rotated at high speed along with the drive frame. Therefore, the inner tub connected to the dewatering sleeve drives the pulsator connected to the washing shaft to rotate at a high speed to dehydrate the laundry.
  • the axis is hereinafter referred to as the wash shaft axis.
  • the eccentric sleeve 4 that is driven to be attached thereto is rotated at a high speed around the axis of the washing shaft at the same speed in the counterclockwise direction, and the high-speed rotation of the eccentric sleeve drives the eccentric gear to perform an eccentric high-speed revolution around the axis of the washing shaft.
  • the inner ring gear rotates under the action of the spur gear. Since there is a tooth difference between the inner teeth of the inner ring gear and the outer teeth of the spur gear, the inner ring gear is positive and backward. The gear rotates in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation at a low speed, as shown in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. With the spur gear spinning, there is also a slider structure in the deceleration output member.
  • the spur gear When the spur gear rotates clockwise around the spur gear axis at a lower than the drive frame speed, the spur gear transmits power to a pair of slidingly disposed in the pair of gear grooves by providing a pair of gear grooves 62 thereon Lowering the boss 852, so that the cross slider rotates clockwise with the spur gear, thereby driving the positioning slider slidingly connected to the pair of upper bosses on the cross slider by a pair of grooves 863 for clockwise direction Rotation, due to the center of the positioning slider and the washing shaft Even so that when the positioning slider rotates clockwise, the washing shaft is rotated clockwise with it, as shown in the figure
  • the dehydration sleeve connected to the ring gear and the pulsator connected to the washing shaft can be connected by the deceleration input member and the deceleration output member of the present embodiment.
  • the deceleration input device and the deceleration output member and the clutch device are disposed inside the inner rotor, thereby effectively utilizing the inner space of the inner rotor, reducing the volume of the washing machine, facilitating miniaturization of the washing machine, and, in the present embodiment,
  • the spur gear is coupled to the washing shaft by a slider structure, thereby converting the eccentric output of the spur gear about the axis of the washing shaft into an output coaxial with the shaft of the washing shaft, thereby preventing the gear reduction device from being unnecessary during the working process. vibration.
  • the present invention is a schematic structural view of a gear reduction device using a lands structure.
  • the motor of this embodiment is also an inner rotor motor.
  • an inner rotor having a cavity is disposed in the housing assembly, and a deceleration input device and a deceleration output member and a clutch device are disposed in the cavity of the inner rotor, the deceleration input member includes an eccentric sleeve 4, and the deceleration output member includes a positive
  • the eccentric sleeve and the inner ring gear of the housing assembly, the clutch device, and the deceleration input member and the deceleration output member are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not repeated herein. Only the connecting device and the connection are described below. The structure of the spur gear connected to the device is described accordingly.
  • the spur gear 6 in this embodiment includes a steel ring 63 and external teeth 60 which are integrally formed by injection molding on the outer side of the steel ring, and are provided on the circumference of the steel ring for arranging a plurality of connecting pins.
  • the shaft hole 61 is connected.
  • the first sleeve of the steel ring and the eccentric sleeve are rotatably connected, and the specific connection manner is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • a plurality of through holes 82 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the land of the lands, and a plurality of connecting pins are respectively disposed in and in sliding contact with each of the through holes.
  • one end of each connecting pin is fixedly disposed in one connecting shaft hole of the spur gear, and the other end of each connecting pin is disposed in a through hole of the connecting plate body and slides along the inner wall of the through hole.
  • the number of the through holes and the connecting pins on the connecting plate body are both six, and the inner diameter of the through holes is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting pin shaft.
  • one end of the six connecting pins is fixedly disposed in the six connecting shaft holes of the spur gear, and the other ends of the six connecting pins are respectively disposed in the six through holes of the connecting plate body. At the same time, it is ensured that the outer surfaces of the six connecting pins are respectively tangent to the inner walls of the six through holes corresponding to their positions.
  • the deceleration input member and the deceleration output member in the present embodiment transmit the rotational power of the inner rotor by the following motion.
  • the washing machine When the electromagnetic coil in the clutch device is energized, the washing machine enters a dehydration state: at this time, the electromagnetic coil interacts with the magnet ring 912 disposed outside the clutch ring gear to form a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnet ring is in the electromagnetic repulsive force at this time. Under the action, the clutch ring gear is slid down along the outer wall of the ring gear (as shown in the downward direction in FIG.
  • the clutch ring gear compresses the spring disposed in the ring gear during the sliding process, and is set in the clutch
  • the plurality of slots of the lower end of the ring gear are coupled with the latches at one end of the driving frame, so that the clutch ring gear and the driving frame are integrally connected, thereby connecting the dewatering sleeve and the driving frame into one body, and dehydrating The bushing achieves the same speed as the drive frame.
  • the inner tub connected to the dewatering bushing Since the moment of inertia of the inner tub connected to the dewatering bushing is greater than the moment of inertia of the pulsator connected to the washing shaft, the spur gear and the ring gear in the decelerating output member fixed by the washing shaft and the pulsator are locked, so that The deceleration output member is in a locked state under the great moment of inertia of the inner tub, so that the entire deceleration input member and the deceleration output member are operated at high speed along with the drive frame, and the washing shaft attached thereto is also rotated at high speed along with the drive frame. Therefore, the inner tub connected to the dewatering sleeve drives the pulsator connected to the washing shaft to rotate at a high speed to dehydrate the laundry.
  • the washing machine When the electromagnetic coil in the clutch device is de-energized, the washing machine enters a washing state: at this time, the closed magnetic circuit formed between the electromagnetic coil and the magnetizing magnet ring disappears, and the clutch ring gear is no longer subjected to the electromagnetic force, so the spring restoring force The clutch ring gear moves upward along the outer wall of the inner ring gear, so that the plurality of slots provided at the lower end of the clutch ring gear are disengaged from the latches at one end of the drive frame, thereby causing the deceleration input member and the deceleration output member to enter the following Working status:
  • the inner ring gear rotates under the action of the spur gear. Since there is a tooth difference between the inner teeth of the inner ring gear and the outer teeth of the spur gear, the inner ring gear is positive and backward. The gear rotates in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation at a low speed, as shown in the counterclockwise direction in FIG.
  • the six connecting pins fixed in the six connecting shaft holes of the spur gear also rotate synchronously with the other end of the six connecting pins abutting against the connecting plate body. a circular movement on the inner wall of the six through holes and on the inner wall thereof, so that the six connecting pins jointly push the connecting plate body and rotate the connecting plate body synchronously with the rotation of the spur gear, and due to the upper end surface of the connecting plate body
  • the cylinder is fixedly connected to the washing shaft, so that when the connecting disc body rotates, the washing shaft is driven to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the output which is generated when the spur gear is eccentrically rotated and deviated from the washing shaft axis direction, and is converted into the washing shaft axis. The same output.
  • the present invention also provides a washing machine comprising the gear reduction device of any of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, using any one of the above two embodiments
  • the washing machine has a compact structure and a small size, which facilitates miniaturization of the product.
  • the washing method further includes the steps of: transmitting, during the rotation of the washing shaft, a washing load to a washing load member to the washing output member; and the washing output member applying a washing load reaction force To the dehydration output member, the interaction between the wash output member and the dehydration output member is changed such that the rotation speed of the wash output member and the dehydration output member changes as the wash load changes.
  • a plurality of circlips and other equivalent functional components may be added at suitable positions of the washing shaft or the dewatering sleeve; for ease of installation and load bearing, Suitable positions for the washing shaft are provided with gaskets and other equivalent functional components; in order to meet the normal transmission and installation of the transmission relationship of the present invention, a plurality of oil bearing and a plurality of ball bearings are arranged in different parts, such as the washing shaft and the dewatering bushing a plurality of oil-impregnated bearings are disposed between the inner ring gear and the dewatering bushing, between the mounting plate and the dewatering bushing, and between the motor end cover and the washing shaft, and more specifically, the ball bearing is disposed Ball bearings can be deep groove ball bearings.
  • a bushing for functioning as an oil-impregnated bearing may be provided between the ball bearing between the motor end cap and the washing shaft and the washing shaft.
  • a small water seal is arranged between the washing shaft and the dewatering bushing, and is disposed between the dewatering bushing and the mounting plate. Big water seal.
  • a cushion made of plastic material or elastic material is added between the assembly parts, and the housing is assembled under the condition of satisfying the installation strength or related functions.
  • the components are made of cast aluminum or the inner ring gear is made of plastic.

Abstract

一种齿轮减速装置、洗衣机及洗涤方法。该齿轮减速机构包括转子（3）、偏心套（4）、正齿轮（6）、内齿圈（7）、连接装置（8）、洗涤轴（5）和脱水轴套（20）。洗衣机包含该齿轮减速装置。洗涤方法包含以下步骤：将减速机构的输入部件、脱水输出部件和洗涤输出部件分别与动力部件、脱水轴套（20）和洗涤轴（5）相连接；将该洗涤输出部件与该输入部件连接，使洗涤输出部件围绕该动力部件的轴心公转；将脱水输出部件与洗涤输出部件连接，使该两个部件分别进行自转，从而分别驱动洗涤轴（5）和脱水轴套（20）进行旋转。

Description

一种齿轮减速装置、 洗衣机及洗涤方法 技术领域
本发明涉及洗衣机技术领域，尤其涉及一种洗衣机用齿轮减速装置、具有该 齿轮减速装置的洗衣机及其洗涤方法。 技术背景
洗衣机是通过化学分解作用和机械冲击作用使附着在洗涤物上的污渍除去 的机器， 其主要是由驱动装置驱动波轮转动，搅动水流和衣物转动， 达到洗涤衣 物的目的。 目前常用驱动装置的动力源为电机， 由电机的输出轴将电机旋转时的 力矩传递给减速装置， 再将减速装置的输出轴与波轮相连， 从而带动波轮转动。
普通电机的转速较高， 为了得到合适的输出转速， 在实际应用中， 需要对电 机进行减速， 目前常采用的方式有使电机传递到减速器通过一级皮带轮减速，在 减速器里设置一级或多级齿轮减速装置来完成一定速比的减速。 此结构不仅复 杂， 而且占用空间大。为了解决此技术问题， 目前已有一些关于去除皮带轮， 将 电机与减速器进行直接连接， 由于其电机本体与减速器仍然是相对独立的， 电机 本体与减速器均分别需要占用安装空间， 结构不够紧凑， 体积仍然较大。
为了进一步解决上述技术问题， 公开号为 CN102142734A 的中国发明专利 申请公开了一种外转子电机总成， 包括电机本体，驱动轴，传动装置，其中： 驱动 轴固定在传动装置上，电机本体直接驱动驱动轴，电机本体有内径空间，传动装置 安装在电机本体内径空间中。 此结构虽然在一定程度上进一步减少了占用空间， 而由于其原理为利用在外转子电机的定子内部圆周空间上通过安装部件将传动 装置安装在定子内径空间中， 因此无法在没有内部空间的内转子电机上进行应 用， 有一定的局限性， 同时其电机本体直接驱动轴， 然后通过安装在电机内径空 间内的传动装置对驱动轴进行减速， 因此也仅为一定程度上减少了占用空间，但 是结构仍然不够紧凑，进一步地，将传动装置为了获得更大传动比时需要增加体 积时，也必然使得外转子电机增加内径体积才能实现该发明，显然这并没有解决 实质的技术问题。
因此， 如何设计一种结构紧凑、 占用空间小的齿轮减速装置， 是本领域技术 人员目前需要解决的技术问题。 发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的问题，提供一种齿轮减速装 置，其将减速输入部件和减速输出部件安装在提供转动动能的旋转体内， 因此压 缩了整个齿轮减速装置的体积， 并且结构简单、 紧凑， 节省能源， 噪声小； 本发 明还提供一种具有上述齿轮减速装置的洗衣机。
为了实现本发明的上述目的， 提供以下技术方案：
一种齿轮减速装置， 包括： 用来提供转动动能的无转轴旋转体； 安装在所述 旋转体内部的减速输入部件，用于获取所述转动动能，并利用所述获取的转动动 能相对于旋转体轴线进行旋转；连接所述减速输入部件的减速输出部件，用于输 出其转速等于或低于所述旋转体转速的动力；连接所述减速输出部件的第一执行 部件和第二执行部件， 用于在所述减速输出部件的动力作用下进行转动。
优选地， 所述旋转体为电机转子或皮带轮。当然地， 所述旋转体也可以为采 用其它传动连接的旋转部件， 例如为齿轮或链轮。
优选地，所述电机转子或皮带轮包括：驱动架；位于所述驱动架之内的空腔。 优选地， 所述减速输入部件安装在所述空腔内， 并且包括： 连接所述驱动架 且绕驱动架轴线旋转的偏心套。 当旋转体为电机转子时， 所述驱动架为转子架； 当旋转体为皮带轮时， 所述驱动架为皮带轮架。更为具体地， 所述的转子架和皮 带轮架可以是一体式的， 也可以是组合式的。
优选地，所述减速输出部件包括：套装于所述偏心套外部且与其转动连接的 正齿轮，用于随着偏心套的旋转而绕所述驱动架轴线进行公转；连接所述第二执 行部件或第一执行部件的内齿圈，其内安置有所述正齿轮，使得所述正齿轮在所 述公转期间与所述内齿圈的内齿啮合而产生自转；将所述正齿轮连接到所述第一 执行部件或第二执行部件的连接装置。
优选地， 所述连接装置为滑块结构， 其包括： 穿过所述第一执行部件或第二 执行部件的十字滑块，其下端面与所述正齿轮的上端面滑动连接； 与十字滑块的 上端面滑动连接的定位滑块， 其中心与所述第一执行部件或第二执行部件固连。
其中，所述十字滑块包括： 中心穿过所述第一执行部件或第二执行部件的圆 盘本体；分别设置于圆盘本体下端面且径向相对的一对下凸台；分别设置于圆盘 本体上端面且径向相对的一对上凸台，其延长线与所述一对下凸台延长线成空间 十字分布。
其中， 所述定位滑块包括： 呈筒状的滑块本体， 其中心与所述第一执行部件 或第二执行部件固定连接； 设于滑块本体两侧且沿其径向相背伸出的一对耳板， 其上分别设有与所述一对上凸台相匹配的凹槽。
其中，所述正齿轮的上端面设有径向相对的一对齿轮凹槽，且其与所述一对 下凸台的位置相对应。
或者， 优选地， 所述连接装置包括连接盘本体， 所述连接盘本体与所述正齿 轮为轴孔销插装式滑动连接。具体地，所述的轴孔销插装式滑动连接的设置方式 为： 所述轴孔分布在连接盘本体上，连接销轴设置在正齿轮上， 轴孔和连接销轴 进行插装实现滑动连接； 也可以是： 所述轴孔分布在正齿轮上， 连接销轴设置在 连接盘本体上， 轴孔和连接销轴进行插装实现滑动连接； 还可以是： 所述轴孔分 别分布在连接盘本体和正齿轮上，通过连接销轴分别与轴孔进行插装实现滑动连 接； 所述的轴孔和连接销轴的数量可为多个， 具体可选择在 4-12个， 最优选地， 为 6-8个。
优选地， 所述偏心套包括： 与所述驱动架固连且绕所述驱动架轴线旋转的第 二套体;与第二套体上端面固定连接的第一套体，其绕所述驱动架轴线偏心旋转; 其中， 所述正齿轮转动安装于所述第一套体的外部。
当然， 本发明所述连接装置也采用现有技术中的其它连接部件来实现。 本发明还提供一种洗衣机， 其包括如上所述的齿轮减速装置， 其中所述第一 执行部件是洗涤轴， 所述第二执行部件是脱水轴套。当然地， 当本发明应用于其 他领域时， 所述的第一执行部件和第二执行部件分别连接相应的功能部件。
进一步的， 本发明洗衣机还包括： 设置于所述壳体组件内部的离合器装置， 其轴向滑动的套装于所述内齿圈的外壁上，通过轴向滑动与设于所述驱动架一端 的卡齿进行卡合连接或脱离。
优选的， 所述离合器装置包括： 固定在所述壳体组件内的电磁线圈机构； 设 置于所述电磁线圈机构内壁的离合齿圈；其中，离合齿圈与所述内齿圈滑动连接， 且其底端设有与所述驱动架一端的所述卡齿卡合连接的齿槽。
本发明还提供一种洗涤方法， 包括以下步骤： 将减速机构的输入部件与提供 转动动能的动力部件固定连接；将减速机构的脱水输出部件与洗衣机的脱水轴套 固定连接；将减速机构的洗涤输出部件与洗衣机的洗涤轴相连接；通过所述洗涤 输出部件与所述输入部件进行连接，使洗涤输出部件围绕所述动力部件的轴心公 转；通过将脱水输出部件与洗涤输出部件进行啮合连接，使所述脱水输出部件和 洗涤输出部件通过相互作用分别进行自转，从而分别驱动洗涤轴和脱水轴套进行 旋转， 对衣物进行洗涤。
优选的， 所述洗涤方法， 还包括以下步骤： 在所述洗涤轴旋转期间， 所述洗 涤轴把洗涤负载对其反作用力传递到所述洗涤输出部件；以及所述洗涤输出部件 通过把洗涤负载反作用力施加给所述脱水输出部件，改变所述洗涤输出部件与所 述脱水输出部件的相互作用，使所述洗涤输出部件和所述脱水输出部件的自转速 度随着洗涤负载的变化而变化。
与现有技术相比， 本发明的洗衣机及其齿轮减速装置具有如下突出的优点：
1 ) 本发明的齿轮减速装置将减速输入部件和减速输出部件安置于旋转体的 内部， 因此可以充分利用旋转体内部的空间， 减小了齿轮减速装置的体积， 从而 利于洗衣机的小型化；
2) 本发明的齿轮减速装置中的正齿轮在随偏心套公转的同时， 又与内齿圈 发生啮合作用而进行自转，从而使得洗涤轴和脱水套筒实现同时的反向旋转， 降 低电机的能耗， 且降低噪声；
3 ) 本发明采用连接装置将正齿轮连接到洗涤轴或脱水轴套上， 使得正齿轮 将其随偏心套旋转时获得的偏离旋转体轴线的偏心力矩，转化为与旋转体轴线同 轴的力矩， 由于采用的传动部件少， 因此传递效率高， 结构紧凑， 体积小， 并且 安装与使用方便。
4) 本发明将提供动力的旋转体做为齿轮减速装置的部件之一， 并且旋转体 可以采用电机转子， 也可以采用皮带轮， 在使齿轮减速装置的结构更加紧凑、 占 用空间更小的同时，还减少了大量连接件的耗用， 因此进一步降低了洗衣机的生 产成本。
5 ) 能够根据洗涤负载的变化调整洗涤轴的转速， 从而减轻或者消除被洗涤 衣物的损坏， 并且可以避免洗衣机的电机因过载而导致的烧毁事故。
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。 附图说明
图 1是本发明第一实施例齿轮减速装置的结构示意图；
图 2是本发明第一实施例的齿轮减速装置的爆炸视图；
图 3是本发明第一实施例的定位滑块的结构示意图；
图 4是本发明第一实施例的十字滑块的结构示意图；
图 5是本发明第一实施例的正齿轮的结构示意图；
图 6是本发明第一实施例的偏心套的结构示意图；
图 7是本发明第二实施例齿轮减速装置的结构示意图；
图 8是本发明第二实施例的齿轮减速装置的爆炸视图；
图 9是本发明第二实施例的连接盘的结构示意图；
图 10是图 9所示的连接盘的右侧视图；
图 11是本发明第二实施例的正齿轮的结构示意图；
图 12是本发明的转子嵌件的结构示意图；
图 13是本发明的离合器装置、 脱水轴套和内齿圈部分的爆炸视图； 图 14是本发明的内齿圈的结构示意图；
图 15是本发明的内齿圈的俯视图；
图 16是本发明的离合齿圈的结构示意图；
图 17是本发明的齿轮减速装置的主视图；
图 18是本发明的齿轮减速装置及洗涤轴各零件的旋转方向示意图。
附图标记说明： 1-壳体组件； 2-定子； 3-内转子； 4-偏心套； 5-洗涤轴； 6- 正齿轮； 7-内齿圈； 8-连接装置； 9-离合器装置； 11-壳体； 12-电机端盖； 13-电 机螺栓； 14-安装盘； 20-脱水轴套； 31-驱动架； 32-内腔； 33-卡齿； 34-转子； 35- 转子嵌件； 351-圆筒； 352-底座； 41-偏心套本体； 42-第一套体； 43-第二套体； 44-通孔； 411-外延边； 40-正齿轮轴线； 50-洗涤轴轴线； 60-外齿； 62-齿轮凹槽； 61-连接轴孔； 63-钢圈； 71-上连接件； 72-下连接件； 201-轴套凹槽； 711-外花键； 712-凸槽; 721-内齿； 722-带孔凸台； 723-加强筋； 81-连接盘本体; 82-通孔； 83- 连接销轴； 84-圆筒； 85-十字滑块； 86-定位滑块； 851-圆盘本体； 852-下凸台； 853-上凸台; 861-滑块本体; 862-耳板; 863-凹槽； 100-轴承; 200-弹簧; 91-离 合齿圈； 92-电磁线圈； 93-线架； 94-线圈保持架； 911-内花键； 912-导磁铁环； 913-齿槽。 具体实施方式
本发明的核心是一种齿轮减速装置、带有本发明所提供的齿轮减速装置的洗 衣机以及一种洗涤方法，该齿轮减速装置和洗衣机均具有轴向尺寸小、结构紧凑、 占用空间小的优点。
需要指出的是， 本文中涉及的上、 下等方位词是以图 1至图 18中零部件位 于图中及零部件相互之间的位置来定义的， 只是为了表述技术方案的清楚及方 便。 应当理解， 本文所采用的方位词不应限制本申请文件请求保护的范围。
需要指出的是，本发明各实施方式中功能相同或相通的结构或构件在图中用 相同的标记进行标示。
图 17所示为本发明的齿轮减速装置的主视图， 图 1、 图 7为图 17所示的齿 轮减速装置的两个实施例的剖视图， 如图 1、 图 7所示， 本发明的齿轮减速装置 包括：用来提供转动动能的无转轴旋转体； 安装在所述旋转体内部的减速输入部 件，用于获取所述转动动能，并利用所述获取的转动动能相对于旋转体轴线进行 旋转；连接所述减速输入部件的减速输出部件，用于输出其转速等于或低于所述 旋转体转速的动力；连接所述减速输出部件的第一执行部件和第二执行部件，用 于在所述减速输出部件的动力作用下进行转动。 其中所述第一执行部件是洗涤 轴， 所述第二执行部件是脱水轴套。
其中，本发明中采用的用来提供转动动能的旋转体为电机转子或皮带轮，并 且电机转子可以为电机的内转子， 也可以为电机的外转子， 为了便于理解， 在本 发明的实施例中仅对旋转体为电机内转子的情况进行叙述。但应理解为，本领域 技术人员完全可以依据本发明实施例所描述的技术方案，将电机外转子或皮带轮 相应替代实施例中所述的电机内转子， 并且， 在相应替代时， 对本发明的结构进 行相应改动也不具有新颖性。
本发明中， 电机的内转子通过绕位于自身中心的轴线旋转而提供转动动能， 在内转子内部设有将内转子的输出转速进行减速处理的减速输入部件和减速输 出部件， 由于减速输入部件与内转子相连， 因此减速输入部件在内转子绕轴线旋 转的过程中，获得了转动动能，并利用获取的转动动能相对于旋转体轴线进行旋 转。由于本发明中与内转子连接的减速输入部件为偏心套， 因此偏心套绕内转子 轴线进行偏心旋转，因此带动连接所述偏心套的减速输出部件也绕内转子轴线进 行偏心旋转，且将偏心旋转后的动力转化为转速等于或低于内转子转速的动力输 出。由于减速输出部件与洗涤轴和脱水轴套相连，而洗涤轴的一端与洗衣机的波 轮（或搅拌器， 下文同此， 不再赘述） （图中未示出）相连， 脱水轴套与洗衣机 的内桶 （图中未示出）相连， 并且脱水轴套 20套设在洗涤轴的外部并与其转动 连接，从而在减速输出部件输出动力的作用下，洗涤轴和脱水轴套将所述等于或 低于内转子转速的动力分别供应给波轮和内桶，进而使安装有本发明的齿轮减速 装置的洗衣机完成洗衣的功能。
在本发明中， 如图 17、 1、 7所示， 在壳体组件 1内部安置有定子 2， 在定 子 2内部安置有用于提供转动动能的内转子 3。 本发明的内转子包括驱动架 31 和设于驱动架内部的空腔 32， 因此内转子的转速即为驱动架的转速， 并且驱动 架的旋转轴为其对称轴。其中，减速输入部件和减速输出部件安装在驱动架内部 的空腔内， 减速输入部件包括： 连接驱动架 31且绕驱动架轴线旋转的偏心套 4， 其在驱动架的带动下与驱动架同速旋转；减速输出部件包括套装于偏心套外部且 与其形成转动连接的正齿轮 6， 其随着偏心套的旋转而绕驱动架轴线进行公转； 连接脱水轴套 20的内齿圈 7， 其内安置有正齿轮， 使得正齿轮在公转期间与内 齿圈的内齿啮合而产生自转，并且内齿圈在与正齿轮啮合的过程中也进行相应的 旋转， 并将动力传递给脱水轴套； 其中， 正齿轮通过连接装置与洗涤轴 5相连， 从而将其旋转产生的动力传递给洗涤轴。
此外， 本发明的洗衣机还包括用于控制减速输出部件输出速度的离合器装 置， 其设置于壳体组件内部， 并且轴向滑动的套装于内齿圈的外壁上， 通过轴向 滑动与设于驱动架一端的卡齿进行卡合连接或脱离，从而使得减速输出部件输出 的转速等于或低于驱动架的转速。
本发明通过连接装置将正齿轮连接到洗涤轴上，而本发明的连接装置具有不 同的结构形式， 下面结合具体实施例进行详细说明。
实施例 1
如图 1、 2所示， 为本发明的齿轮减速装置中的连接装置为滑块结构的结构 示意图。 如图 1所示， 本实施例的电机为内转子电机。其中， 壳体组件包括： 两端开 口的筒状壳体 11、与壳体 11底端连接的电机端盖 12、位于壳体顶端且与电机端 盖 12通过电机螺栓 13连接的安装盘 14， 并且壳体 11、 电机端盖 12和安装盘 14围成一个用于安置定子 2和内转子 3等其它零部件的内部空间。
本实施例的内转子包括驱动架 31和设在驱动架内部的空腔 32， 并且在驱动 架的顶部端面设有卡齿 33。 具体的， 如图 1、 12所示， 本实施例的驱动架包括 筒状的转子 34和位于转子内的转子嵌件 35， 其中转子嵌件包括： 两端开口的圆 筒 351， 其顶端设有向上延伸的卡齿 33 ; 位于圆筒底端的底座 352， 且底座的中 心开设一底座通孔。转子嵌件中的圆筒和底座共同构成用于安置减速输入部件和 减速输出部件的空腔 32， 而洗涤轴穿过所述底座通孔的中心， 因此驱动架旋转 时具有与洗涤轴相同的旋转轴， 即驱动架的旋转轴线与洗涤轴的旋转轴线重合。
本实施例中，如图 2所示，在内转子的空腔中安置有减速输入部件和减速输 出部件和离合器装置，减速输入部件包括偏心套 4，减速输出部件包括正齿轮 6、 内齿圈 7和连接装置 8。
其中， 偏心套与驱动架 31固定连接， 并且偏心套绕驱动架的旋转轴旋转。 如图 6所示，该偏心套包括与驱动架同轴线旋转的第二套体和与驱动架偏轴线旋 转的第一套体，其中第二套体与第一套体可以为分体式固定连接，也可以是一体 式固定连接， 为了便于加工或安装， 优选的， 如图 2所示， 第二套体为第二套体 43， 第一套体包括与第二套体顶端连接的偏心连接件 41和与偏心连接件顶端连 接的第一套体 42， 其中， 偏心连接件 41具有相对于第一套体 42向外侧延伸所 形成的外延边， 并且在第二套体 43内设有用于穿过洗涤轴的偏心套通孔， 该偏 心套通孔向上延伸贯穿偏心连接件和第一套体。
在加工偏心套时，第一套体、偏心连接件和第二套体可以采用一体成型的方 式， 或者采用焊接等方式将其连接为一体， 并且， 在加工时， 应使第一套体的中 心线和第二套体的中心线之间具有一定的偏心距，该偏心距可取为正齿轮的半径 和内齿圈半径之差。
本实施例中， 偏心套 4与驱动架 31间的固定连接为便于传递旋转扭矩的刚 性连接， 在加工时， 偏心套与驱动架可以采用一体式固连， 也可以采用分体式固 连， 如通过螺钉、 焊接等方式连接。 优选的具体方式为： 筒状的转子 34采用金 属材质， 偏心套 4采用金属材质， 将筒状的转子 34、 偏心套 4放入注塑模具或 压铸模具， 直接经过注塑或压铸成型使转子和偏心套安装于转子嵌件 35上； 更 优选地， 偏心套 4中偏心连接件 41的外延边的外侧可设有若干个凹陷 （图 2中 为 4个）或凸边， 从而增加偏心套 4与驱动架 31注塑或压铸时的结合力， 易于 偏心套 4与驱动架 31之间刚性固定连接的需要。
当驱动架旋转时，通过第二套体固连在其转子嵌件底座通孔中的偏心套也随 之同轴、 同速旋转， 从而带动与偏心套中的第一套体 42转动连接的正齿轮也随 之进行相应的旋转。
如图 5所示， 本实施例的正齿轮 6包括钢圈 63和位于钢圈外侧且与其一体 注塑成型的外齿 60，并且正齿轮的上端面还设置有一对径向相对的齿轮凹槽 62。 其中， 钢圈与偏心套中的第一套体转动连接， 具体方式为： 第一套体 42的外壁 与含油轴承 100的内圈以过盈方式配合连接，而偏心连接件外延边的上端部与含 油轴承 100外延边的下端部接触连接，含油轴承 100的外圈与正齿轮的内壁以间 隙配合方式接触连接； 或者， 也可以采用第一套体 42的外壁与含油轴承 100的 内圈为间隙配合方式连接，而偏心连接件外延边的上端部与含油轴承 100外延边 的下端部接触连接，含油轴承 100的外圈与正齿轮的内壁以过盈配合方式接触连 接。
当然地，为实现偏心套 4与正齿轮相对转动连接，也可以采用以下具体方式: 对偏心套 4自身结构进行改进，如采用粉末冶金材料，使得偏心套 4本身具备含 油轴承 100的功能，避免含油轴承 100的单独使用，从而将钢圈与本身带有含油 轴承功能的偏心套转动连接。
优选地， 在第一套体 42的内部可设有若干减料槽以降低生产制造成本， 同 时还可在减料槽中加入适量起润滑功能的材料， 如润滑油、油棉， 增加偏心套的 使用寿命。
当偏心套旋转时，与其上的第一套体转动连接的正齿轮在其带动下进行与其 相同旋转方向的公转，并且由于偏心套中的第一套体和第二套体的中心线间距有 一定的偏心距，而第一套体的旋转轴线与驱动架轴线重合，因此当正齿轮公转时， 实际上是在绕驱动架轴线进行偏心的旋转。
正齿轮在公转过程中， 由于其外齿与内齿圈啮合， 因此会将其旋转动力传递 给内齿圈。本实施例的内齿圈为金属或塑料连接件， 更为优选地， 为了节省制造 成本， 可选择为一体注塑件， 该金属或塑料连接件包括上部连接件 71和设置在 其下端并与其连接的下部连接件 72。 如图 14所示， 上部连接件为壳体， 其外壁 设有沿其轴向分布的外花键 711， 其内壁设有沿其轴向分布的多个凸槽 712; 而 下部连接件 72为筒状结构，其顶端与上部连接件固连，在其内壁嵌装有内齿 721， 并且在其与上部连接件的连接处还设有多个加强筋 723， 而在相邻的加强筋 723 间还设有多个用于安置弹簧 200的带孔凸台 722。
如图 13所示， 上部连接件中的多个凸槽与设在脱水轴套外壁的多个轴套凹 槽 201相匹配， 从而将内齿圈与脱水轴套固定连接为一体， 此外， 也可以采用将 金属连接件通过激光焊接或其他方式与脱水轴套实现刚性连接， 在本实施例中， 位于下部连接件 72内壁的内齿 721可以采用塑料制成， 也可以采用金属制成。
当正齿轮在进行公转（即绕驱动架轴线进行偏心旋转）时， 其外齿会与内齿 圈的内齿进行啮合， 从而在轮齿啮合的相互作用力下， 使得正齿轮产生自转， 并 且此时的旋转方向与其公转的方向相反，同时由于其外齿与内齿圈内齿间存在齿 差关系， 因此使得正齿轮在自转与公转时会产生速度差， 即自转时的速度低于公 转时的速度， 从而使其输出的转速低于驱动架的转速。相应的， 由于内齿圈和正 齿轮间存在相互作用力， 因此使得内齿圈在正齿轮自转时也会旋转，只是此时内 齿圈的旋转方向与正齿轮的自转方向相反，也就是说，此时内齿圈的旋转方向与 驱动架的旋转方向相同， 而且， 此时内齿圈的转速也低于驱动架的转速。
综上， 正齿轮在旋转的偏心套和与其通过轮齿啮合的内齿圈的综合作用力 下， 同时进行公转和自转， 并且其自转的方向与公转方向相反， 自转时的转速低 于驱动架的转速；而内齿圈也在相应作用力的作用下，进行与正齿轮自转方向相 反且低于驱动架转速的旋转运动。
当正齿轮在低速自转过程中，其通过滑块结构将动力传递给洗涤轴。本实施 例的滑块结构包括： 穿过洗涤轴的十字滑块 85， 其下端面与正齿轮的上端面滑 动连接； 与十字滑块的上端面滑动连接的定位滑块 86， 其中心与洗涤轴固连。 其中， 如图 4所示， 十字滑块包括： 中心穿过洗涤轴的圆盘本体 851 ; 分别设置 于圆盘本体下端面且径向相对的一对下凸台 852; 分别设置于圆盘本体上端面且 径向相对的一对上凸台 853， 其延长线与一对下凸台延长线成空间十字分布。 如 图 3所示， 定位滑块包括： 呈筒状的滑块本体 861， 其中心与洗涤轴固连； 设于 滑块本体两侧且沿其径向相背伸出的一对耳板 862， 其上分别设有与一对上凸台 相匹配的凹槽 863。优选的， 正齿轮的上端面设有径向相对的一对齿轮凹槽， 且 其与一对下凸台的位置相对应。
具体的， 如图 5所示， 本实施例中， 在正齿轮上端面的一对齿轮凹槽 62中 分别安置着十字滑块 85中的一对下凸台， 并且一对下凸台可以分别在与其位置 相对应的一对齿轮凹槽内滑动； 十字滑块 85中的一对上凸台分别安置在位于定 位滑块下表面的一对凹槽 863内， 并且一对上凸台可以分别在一对凹槽内滑动； 定位滑块的滑块本体中心与洗涤轴固定连接，从而使得定位滑块的中心线与洗涤 轴的中心线重合。
当正齿轮低速自转时， 其上的一对齿轮凹槽 62随之同速、 同向旋转， 从而 带动安置于一对齿轮凹槽中的一对下凸台 852随之旋转，即此时十字滑块整体跟 着正齿轮旋转，在离心力的作用下，十字滑块上的一对下凸台和一对上凸台分别 在一对齿轮凹槽和一对凹槽 863内沿径向滑动，并且滑动的过程是由正齿轮轴线 40方向朝向洗涤轴轴线 50方向的运动过程。 由于十字滑块中的一对上凸台滑动 安置于定位滑块的一对凹槽 863内， 因此上凸台旋转时带动凹槽旋转， 即带动定 位滑块旋转， 由于定位滑块的中心与洗涤轴固连，从而当定位滑块旋转时带动洗 涤轴随其进行与正齿轮同向、 同速的旋转运动。
由图 2和图 18可以看出， 当正齿轮绕着洗涤轴轴线偏心旋转时， 通过滑块 结构， 可以将正齿轮自转时绕着正齿轮轴线 40旋转所产生的动力， 转化为洗涤 轴绕着洗涤轴轴线 50 (即驱动架轴线）旋转的动力， 即将正齿轮绕洗涤轴轴线 偏心旋转的输出转化为与洗涤轴轴线同轴的输出。
由于洗衣机在工作时具有不同的洗涤工况，从而需要根据洗涤工况的不同需 要而调节减速输出部件的输出速度，如在洗涤时，需要减速输出部件的输出速度 为低速，而在脱水时，需要减速输出部件的输出速度为高速。因此在本实施例中， 洗衣机还包括一个离合器装置， 该离合器装置设置于壳体组件构成的内部空腔 内，并且轴向滑动的套装于内齿圈的外壁上，其通过和设于驱动架一端面上的卡 齿 33卡合连接或脱离， 进而使齿轮减速装置中的减速输出部件处于锁死或工作 状态， 因此使减速输出部件实现减速或高速的输出。 具体的，本实施例中的离合器装置为电磁离合器装置，其包括电磁线圈机构 和离合齿圈 91， 且电磁线圈机构安置于离合齿圈的外部。
其中， 电磁线圈机构包括电磁线圈 92、线架 93和线圈保持架 94， 线圈保持 架固定安装在壳体组件中的安装盘 14上， 线架安装于线圈保持架上， 而电磁线 圈绕设在线架上。
其中， 离合齿圈 91包括上端连接部和下端连接部， 且上端连接部与下端连 接部可以为分体式固定连接， 也可以是一体式固定连接， 为了便于加工或安装， 优选的， 如图 16所示， 上端连接部为筒状结构， 包括设置在内侧的内花键 911 和套设在上端连接部外侧且与其一体注塑成型的导磁铁环 912。其中，内花键 911 与内齿圈外壁上的外花键 711滑动配合， 导磁铁环与电磁线圈相配合，可在电磁 线圈的磁力作用下吸合或远离电磁线圈；下端连接部的底部端面设有多个间隔分 布的凸齿， 各相邻凸齿之间形成齿槽 913， 且该齿槽 913与设于驱动架一端面上 的卡齿 33相匹配， 优选地， 在下端连接部的四周部位设有若干减料槽以降低生 产制造成本。
当电磁线圈通电时，在电磁线圈磁场排斥力的作用下，使导磁铁环向下运动 以便远离电磁线圈，而导磁铁环与离合齿圈的上端连接部固连，从而在导磁铁环 的带动下， 使得整个离合齿圈 91沿内齿圈外壁向下滑动， 直至离合齿圈下端连 接部的齿槽与驱动架上的卡齿卡合连接，此时，内齿圈获得与驱动架相同的转速， 并使齿轮减速装置中的减速输出部件处于锁死状态； 相反， 当电磁线圈断电时， 离合齿圈在安装于内齿圈上的弹簧的回复力的作用下，沿内齿圈外壁向上滑动从 而使下端连接部的齿槽与驱动架上的卡齿分离，进而使齿轮减速装置中的减速输 入部件和减速输出部件进入工作状态。
下面对具有本实施例洗衣机减速装置和电磁离合器装置的洗衣机在脱水和 洗涤工况情况下的工作过程进行具体叙述。
当对洗涤物进行脱水时，此时离合器装置中的电磁线圈通电， 电磁线圈与离 合齿圈外侧设置的导磁铁环 912相互作用会形成一个闭合的磁路，此时导磁铁环 在电磁排斥力的作用下带动离合齿圈沿着内齿圈外壁向下滑动（如图 1中向下的 方向）， 且在滑动过程中离合齿圈将设置在内齿圈中的弹簧压缩， 并使设置在离 合齿圈下端连接部的多个齿槽与驱动架一端的卡齿卡合连接在一起，从而使得离 合齿圈与驱动架连接为一体，进而使脱水轴套与驱动架连接为一体，并使脱水轴 套获得与驱动架相同的转速。由于与脱水轴套连接的内桶的转动惯量大于与洗涤 轴连接的波轮的转动惯量，所以通过洗涤轴与波轮固连的减速输出部件中的正齿 轮和内齿圈处于锁紧状态，使得减速输出部件在内桶极大的转动惯量下处于锁紧 状态， 因此整个减速输入部件和减速输出部件随着驱动架一起进行高速运转，进 而带动与其固连的洗涤轴也随同驱动架进行高速旋转，从而使与脱水轴套连接的 内桶带动与洗涤轴连接的波轮高速转动对洗涤物进行脱水。
当对洗涤物进行洗涤时， 此时电磁线圈断电， 电磁线圈与导磁铁环之间形 成的闭合磁路消失，离合齿圈不再受到电磁力的作用， 因此在弹簧回复力的作用 下，离合齿圈沿内齿圈外壁向上移动，从而使设置在离合齿圈下端连接部的多个 齿槽与驱动架一端的卡齿脱离，进而使减速输入部件和减速输出部件进入工作状 态：
如图 18所示， 当驱动架沿图 18所示的逆时针方向绕驱动架轴线 （即图 18 中所示的洗涤轴轴线 50， 为了描述方便， 以下均将该轴线称之为洗涤轴轴线） 高速旋转时，带动与其固连的偏心套 4随其沿逆时针方向以与其相同的速度绕洗 涤轴轴线进行高速旋转，而偏心套的高速旋转带动正齿轮绕洗涤轴轴线进行偏心 的高速公转， 当正齿轮在高速公转过程中，其外齿与内齿圈的内齿相啮合而产生 相互的作用力， 从而使得正齿轮绕着正齿轮轴线 40进行自转， 并且正齿轮自转 的方向与偏心套旋转的方向相反， 如图 18中所示， 此时正齿轮的旋转方向为顺 时针方向， 而其转速低于驱动架的转速。
在正齿轮与内齿圈啮合而产生自转的过程中， 内齿圈在其作用下进行旋转， 由于内齿圈的内齿与正齿轮的外齿间存在齿差，因此内齿圈沿与正齿轮旋转方向 相反的方向进行低速旋转， 如图 18中所示的逆时针方向。 而伴随着正齿轮自转 的，还有减速输出部件中的滑块结构。当正齿轮以低于驱动架转速绕正齿轮轴线 进行顺时针方向的旋转时， 正齿轮通过设与其上的一对齿轮凹槽 62将动力传递 给滑动安置于一对齿轮凹槽中的一对下凸台 852， 从而使得十字滑块随着正齿轮 进行顺时针方向的旋转，进而带动通过一对凹槽 863与十字滑块上的一对上凸台 滑动连接的定位滑块进行顺时针方向的旋转， 由于定位滑块的中心与洗涤轴固 连，从而当定位滑块顺时针旋转时带动洗涤轴随其进行顺时针方向的旋转，如图
18中最里侧的箭头所示。
由图 18可知， 在洗涤工况中， 当驱动架高速旋转时， 通过本实施例的减速 输入部件和减速输出部件，可使与内齿圈连接的脱水套筒和与洗涤轴连接的波轮 获得相反方向的低于驱动架转速的低速运动，从而解决了现有技术中在洗涤时需 将脱水套筒固定而需消耗大量能源的难题。
本实施例通过将减速输入装置和减速输出部件和离合器装置安置于内转子 内部， 从而有效利用了内转子的内部空间， 减小了洗衣机的体积， 利于洗衣机的 小型化生产， 并且， 在本实施例中， 采用滑块结构将正齿轮与洗涤轴连接， 从而 将正齿轮的绕洗涤轴轴线的偏心输出转化为与洗涤轴轴线同轴的输出，避免齿轮 减速装置在工作过程中产生不必要的振动。
实施例 2
如图 7、 8所示， 为本发明采用连接盘结构的齿轮减速装置的结构示意图。 如图 7可知， 本实施例的电机也为内转子电机。 其中， 在壳体组件内安置 有具有空腔的内转子，并且在内转子的空腔中安置有减速输入装置和减速输出部 件和离合器装置， 减速输入部件包括偏心套 4， 减速输出部件包括正齿轮 6、 内 齿圈 7和连接装置 8， 在本实施例中， 连接装置采用的是连接盘结构。
在本实施例中， 壳体组件、 离合器装置及减速输入部件和减速输出部件中 的偏心套、 内齿圈均与实施例 1相同， 在此不再重述， 下面仅对连接装置和与连 接装置相连的正齿轮的结构进行相应的描述。
如图 11所示， 本实施例中的正齿轮 6包括钢圈 63和位于钢圈外侧且与其 一体注塑成型的外齿 60， 并且在钢圈的圆周均布有用于安置多个连接销轴的连 接轴孔 61。 其中， 钢圈与偏心套中的第一套体转动连接， 具体连接方式与实施 例 1相同， 在此不再重述。
本实施例中的连接盘结构包括连接盘和与连接盘滑动接触且通过摩擦力带 动连接盘旋转的多个连接销轴。 具体的， 如图 8、 9、 10所示， 连接盘具有呈盘 状的连接盘本体 81， 其中心穿过洗涤轴且与洗涤轴固连， 为了加强与洗涤轴间 的连接， 可在连接盘本体的上端面中部固设一圆筒 84， 通过圆筒内壁设置的齿 形与洗涤轴固连。在制造时，连接盘本体与圆筒一体成型， 或者采用焊接的方式 将其连接为一体。 在连接盘本体的圆周均匀分布有多个通孔 82， 而多个连接销 轴分别安置在每个通孔内且与其滑动接触。具体的，每个连接销轴的一端固定安 置于正齿轮的一个连接轴孔内，每个连接销轴的另一端安置于连接盘本体的一个 通孔内， 并沿着通孔的内壁进行滑动。在本实施例中， 连接盘本体上的通孔和连 接销轴的数量均为六个， 并且通孔的内径大于连接销轴的外径。在安装时， 先将 六个连接销轴的一端分别固定安置在正齿轮的六个连接轴孔内，再将六个连接销 轴的另一端分别安置在连接盘本体的六个通孔内，同时确保六个连接销轴的外表 面分别和与其位置对应的六个通孔的内壁相切。
本实施例中的减速输入部件和减速输出部件是通过如下的运动将内转子的 旋转动力进行传递的。
当离合器装置中的电磁线圈通电时， 洗衣机进入脱水状态： 此时电磁线圈 与离合齿圈外侧设置的导磁铁环 912相互作用会形成一个闭合的磁路，此时导磁 铁环在电磁排斥力的作用下带动离合齿圈沿着内齿圈外壁向下滑动（如图 7中向 下的方向）， 且在滑动过程中离合齿圈将设置在内齿圈中的弹簧压缩， 并使设置 在离合齿圈下端连接部的多个齿槽与驱动架一端的卡齿卡合连接在一起，从而使 得离合齿圈与驱动架连接为一体，进而使脱水轴套与驱动架连接为一体，并使脱 水轴套获得与驱动架相同的转速。由于与脱水轴套连接的内桶的转动惯量大于与 洗涤轴连接的波轮的转动惯量，所以通过洗涤轴与波轮固连的减速输出部件中的 正齿轮和内齿圈处于锁紧状态，使得减速输出部件在内桶极大的转动惯量下处于 锁紧状态， 因此整个减速输入部件和减速输出部件随着驱动架一起进行高速运 转，进而带动与其固连的洗涤轴也随同驱动架进行高速旋转，从而使与脱水轴套 连接的内桶带动与洗涤轴连接的波轮高速转动对洗涤物进行脱水。
当离合器装置中的电磁线圈断电时， 洗衣机进入洗涤状态： 此时， 电磁线 圈与导磁铁环之间形成的闭合磁路消失，离合齿圈不再受到电磁力的作用， 因此 在弹簧回复力的作用下，离合齿圈沿内齿圈外壁向上移动，从而使设置在离合齿 圈下端连接部的多个齿槽与驱动架一端的卡齿脱离，进而使减速输入部件和减速 输出部件进入如下工作状态：
如图 18所示， 当驱动架沿图 18所示的逆时针方向绕驱动架轴线 （即图 18 中所示的洗涤轴轴线 50， 为了描述方便， 以下均将该轴线称之为洗涤轴轴线） 高速旋转时，带动与其固连的偏心套 4随其沿逆时针方向以与其相同的速度绕洗 涤轴轴线进行高速旋转，而偏心套的高速旋转带动正齿轮绕洗涤轴轴线进行偏心 的高速公转， 当正齿轮在高速公转过程中，其外齿与内齿圈的内齿相啮合而产生 相互的作用力， 从而使得正齿轮绕着正齿轮轴线 40进行自转， 并且正齿轮自转 的方向与偏心套旋转的方向相反， 如图 18中所示， 此时正齿轮的旋转方向为顺 时针方向， 而其转速低于驱动架的转速。
在正齿轮与内齿圈啮合而产生自转的过程中， 内齿圈在其作用下进行旋转， 由于内齿圈的内齿与正齿轮的外齿间存在齿差，因此内齿圈沿与正齿轮旋转方向 相反的方向进行低速旋转， 如图 18中所示的逆时针方向。 而伴随着正齿轮自转 的， 还有减速输出部件中的连接盘结构， 其随着正齿轮的自转进行相应的旋转， 并带动洗涤轴进行与正齿轮同速、 同旋转方向的旋转， 并且， 使正齿轮绕洗涤轴 轴线偏心旋转所产生的偏心输出， 转化为沿洗涤轴轴线方向的输出。
具体的， 正齿轮在偏心旋转的过程中， 固装在正齿轮的六个连接轴孔中的 六个连接销轴也与其同步旋转，由于六个连接销轴的另一端抵在连接盘本体的六 个通孔的内壁上且在其内壁上做圆周运动，因此六个连接销轴共同推动连接盘本 体并使连接盘本体随着正齿轮的旋转而同步旋转，而由于连接盘本体上端面的圆 筒与洗涤轴固连， 因此当连接盘本体旋转时，会带动洗涤轴随之同步旋转， 从而 实现了将正齿轮偏心旋转时产生的偏离洗涤轴轴线方向的输出，转化为与洗涤轴 轴线同向的输出。
在本实施例中所涉及到的其它部件均与实施例 1 中的结构相同， 工作原理 也相同， 在此不再进行重述。
除了上述两个实施例中所描述的齿轮减速装置， 本发明还提供一种洗衣机， 其包括实施例 1或实施例 2中任一个齿轮减速装置，采用上述两个实施例中任一 个齿轮减速装置的洗衣机， 其结构紧凑， 体积小， 便于产品的小型化生产。
本发明还提供一种洗涤方法， 包括以下步骤： 将减速机构的输入部件与提供 转动动能的动力部件固定连接；将减速机构的脱水输出部件与洗衣机的脱水轴套 固定连接；将减速机构的洗涤输出部件与洗衣机的洗涤轴相连接；通过所述洗涤 输出部件与所述输入部件进行连接，使洗涤输出部件围绕所述动力部件的轴心公 转；通过将脱水输出部件与洗涤输出部件进行啮合连接，使所述脱水输出部件和 洗涤输出部件通过相互作用分别进行自转，从而分别驱动洗涤轴和脱水轴套进行 旋转， 对衣物进行洗涤。
所述洗涤方法， 还包括以下步骤： 在所述洗涤轴旋转期间， 所述洗涤轴把洗 涤负载对其反作用力传递到所述洗涤输出部件；以及所述洗涤输出部件通过把洗 涤负载反作用力施加给所述脱水输出部件，改变所述洗涤输出部件与所述脱水输 出部件的相互作用，使所述洗涤输出部件和所述脱水输出部件的自转速度随着洗 涤负载的变化而变化。
在本发明的洗衣机中， 为了防止洗涤轴的轴向窜动或位移， 可在洗涤轴或脱 水轴套的适合位置加装多个卡簧和其它等同功能部件； 为了便于安装以及承重， 可在洗涤轴的适合位置加装垫片和其它等同功能部件；为了满足本发明传动关系 的正常传递以及安装，会在不同部位设置多个含油轴承和多个滚珠轴承，如在洗 涤轴和脱水轴套之间设置多个含油轴承，在内齿圈与脱水轴套之间、安装盘与脱 水轴套之间、 以及电机端盖与洗涤轴之间设置多个滚珠轴承， 更具体地， 所述的 滚珠轴承可为深沟球轴承。优选地，在电机端盖与洗涤轴之间的滚珠轴承与洗涤 轴之间可以设置用于起到含油轴承功能的衬套。为了防止洗涤水沿洗涤轴、脱水 轴套以及安装盘进入减速输入部件和减速输出部件和电机内，在洗涤轴和脱水轴 套之间设置小水封， 在脱水轴套与安装盘之间设置大水封。优选地， 为了实现在 工作时的减震减噪，在各装配部件之间加装塑料材料或弹性材料制备而成的减震 垫， 以及在满足安装强度或相关功能的条件下，将壳体组件采用铸铝材料， 或将 内齿圈采用塑料制备而成。
由于以上所述的卡簧、垫片、含油轴承、滚珠轴承、衬套、大水封、小水封、 和减震减噪件等各零件均为本领域技术人员的惯用手段，因此对于以上零件在结 构上做出的任何改动相对于本专利来说都应理解为不具备新颖性。
尽管上文对本发明作了详细说明，但本发明不限于此，本技术领域的技术人 员可以根据本发明的原理进行修改， 因此，凡按照本发明的原理进行的各种修改 都应当理解为落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种齿轮减速装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
用来提供转动动能的无转轴旋转体；
安装在所述旋转体内部的减速输入部件，用于获取所述转动动能，并利用所 述获取的转动动能相对于旋转体轴线进行旋转；
连接所述减速输入部件的减速输出部件，用于输出其转速等于或低于所述旋 转体转速的动力；
连接所述减速输出部件的第一执行部件和第二执行部件，用于在所述减速输 出部件的动力作用下进行转动。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的齿轮减速装置， 其特征在于， 所述旋转体为电机转 子或皮带轮。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的齿轮减速装置， 其特征在于， 所述的电机转子或皮 带轮包括：
驱动架；
位于所述驱动架之内的空腔。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的齿轮减速装置， 其特征在于， 所述减速输入部件 安装在所述空腔内， 并且包括： 连接所述驱动架且绕驱动架轴线旋转的偏心套。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的齿轮减速装置， 其特征在于， 所述减速输出部件包 括：
套装于所述偏心套外部且与其转动连接的正齿轮，用于随着偏心套的旋转而 绕所述驱动架轴线进行公转；
连接所述第二执行部件或第一执行部件的内齿圈， 其内安置有所述正齿轮， 使得所述正齿轮在所述公转期间与所述内齿圈的内齿啮合而产生自转；
将所述正齿轮连接到所述第一执行部件或第二执行部件的连接装置。 6、 如权利要求 5所述的齿轮减速装置， 其特征在于， 所述连接装置为滑块 结构， 其包括：
穿过所述第一执行部件或第二执行部件的十字滑块，其下端面与所述正齿轮 的上端面滑动连接；
与十字滑块的上端面滑动连接的定位滑块，其中心与所述第一执行部件或第 二执行部件固连。
I、 如权利要求 5所述的齿轮减速装置， 其特征在于， 所述连接装置包括连 接盘本体， 所述连接盘本体与所述正齿轮为轴孔销插装式滑动连接。
8、 如权利要求 4所述的齿轮减速装置， 其特征在于， 所述偏心套包括： 与所述驱动架固连且绕所述驱动架轴线旋转的第二套体；
与第二套体上端面固定连接的第一套体， 其绕所述驱动架轴线偏心旋转； 其中， 所述正齿轮转动安装于所述第一套体的外部。
9、 一种洗衣机， 其特征在于， 包括如权利要求 1-8任一项所述的齿轮减速 装置， 其中所述第一执行部件是洗涤轴， 所述第二执行部件是脱水轴套。
10、一种洗涤方法， 其特征在于， 包括以下步骤：
将减速机构的输入部件与提供转动动能的动力部件固定连接；
将减速机构的脱水输出部件与洗衣机的脱水轴套固定连接；
将减速机构的洗涤输出部件与洗衣机的洗涤轴相连接；
通过所述洗涤输出部件与所述输入部件进行连接，使洗涤输出部件围绕所述 动力部件的轴心公转；
通过将脱水输出部件与洗涤输出部件进行啮合连接，使所述脱水输出部件和 洗涤输出部件通过相互作用分别进行自转，从而分别驱动洗涤轴和脱水轴套进行 旋转， 对衣物进行洗涤。
II、 根据权利要求 10所述的洗涤方法， 其特征在于， 还包括以下步骤： 在所述洗涤轴旋转期间，所述洗涤轴把洗涤负载对其反作用力传递到所述洗 涤输出部件； 以及
所述洗涤输出部件通过把洗涤负载反作用力施加给所述脱水输出部件， 改变 所述洗涤输出部件与所述脱水输出部件的相互作用，使所述洗涤输出部件和所述 脱水输出部件的自转速度随着洗涤负载的变化而变化。
PCT/CN2013/071057 2012-05-24 2013-01-28 一种齿轮减速装置、洗衣机及洗涤方法 WO2013174158A1 (zh)

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