WO2013172042A1 - Procédé pour le chargement de matière première dans un haut-fourneau - Google Patents

Procédé pour le chargement de matière première dans un haut-fourneau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013172042A1
WO2013172042A1 PCT/JP2013/003165 JP2013003165W WO2013172042A1 WO 2013172042 A1 WO2013172042 A1 WO 2013172042A1 JP 2013003165 W JP2013003165 W JP 2013003165W WO 2013172042 A1 WO2013172042 A1 WO 2013172042A1
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Prior art keywords
charging
coke
raw material
blast furnace
turn
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PCT/JP2013/003165
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
寿幸 廣澤
渡壁　史朗
石井　純
和平 市川
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Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
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Application filed by Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority to KR1020147033494A priority Critical patent/KR101592955B1/ko
Priority to JP2013556706A priority patent/JP5574064B2/ja
Priority to EP13791416.4A priority patent/EP2851437B1/fr
Priority to CN201380025729.8A priority patent/CN104302787B/zh
Publication of WO2013172042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013172042A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/002—Evacuating and treating of exhaust gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements
    • C21B7/20—Bell-and-hopper arrangements with appliances for distributing the burden

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a raw material charging method for a blast furnace in which the raw material is charged into the furnace with a turning chute.
  • a blast furnace generally charges raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, and massive ore and coke in layers from the top of the furnace, and flows combustion gas from the tuyere to obtain pig iron.
  • the coke and ore raw material which are the charged raw materials for the blast furnace, descend from the top of the furnace to the lower part of the furnace, and ore reduction and raw material temperature rise occur.
  • the ore raw material layer is gradually deformed while filling the gaps between the ore raw materials due to the temperature rise and the load from above, and the lower part of the shaft part of the blast furnace has a very high resistance to gas and almost no gas flows. Form a layer.
  • raw material charging into a blast furnace is performed by alternately charging ore raw materials and coke, and in the furnace, ore raw material layers and coke layers are alternately layered. Further, in the lower part of the blast furnace, there are an ore raw material layer having a large ventilation resistance in which an ore called softening zone is softened and fused, and a coke slit having a relatively small ventilation resistance derived from coke.
  • the air permeability of this cohesive zone has a great influence on the air permeability of the entire blast furnace, and the productivity in the blast furnace is limited.
  • the coke slit becomes extremely thin because the amount of coke used is reduced.
  • Patent Document 2 ore and coke are separately stored in a bunker at the top of the furnace, and coke and ore are mixed and charged at the same time, so that a normal coke charging batch and a coke central charging batch are used. And three batches for mixing and charging are performed simultaneously.
  • Patent Document 3 in order to prevent the instability of the cohesive zone shape in the blast furnace operation and the decrease in the gas utilization rate near the center, and to improve the safe operation and thermal efficiency, the raw material charging method in the blast furnace is In addition, after all ore and all coke are thoroughly mixed, they are charged into the furnace.
  • JP-A-3-211210 JP 2004-107794 A Japanese Patent Publication No.59-10402
  • the average particle size of typical coke described in Patent Document 3 is about 40 to 50 mm, and the average particle size of ore is about 15 mm. If only mixed, the porosity is greatly reduced, the air permeability is deteriorated in the furnace, and there is a possibility that troubles such as gas blow-out and poor lowering of raw materials may occur. Moreover, even if the ore and coke are cut out from two bunkers simultaneously and mixed and charged, the coke with a large particle size rolls farther due to the inclination of the charging surface, so that the coke is easily separated. .
  • a method of forming a coke-only layer in the furnace axis can be considered. According to this method, the passage of gas through the coke layer is secured in the core portion of the furnace, so that air permeability can be improved. Moreover, when ore and coke are cut out and mixed and charged at the same time, it is known that reverse tilt charging in which charging raw materials are stacked from the center is effective in avoiding the above trouble.
  • the present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned present situation, and even if the raw material charging interval is narrow, the mixing property in the mixed layer is ensured to stabilize the blast furnace operation and improve the thermal efficiency.
  • the amount of raw material charged per turn or the charging interval can be adjusted to By preventing the charging material from crossing the mountain this time and flowing into the center side, it is possible to secure the mixing in the mixed layer and to stabilize the blast furnace operation and improve the reaction efficiency. It aims at providing the raw material charging method.
  • the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows. 1.
  • the charge of raw material charging to the blast furnace is divided into 2 or more batches of coke charging and 2 batches of ore charging, and charging using a rotating chute, the coke charging and the ore charging
  • V n Raw material volume per turn in the nth turn (m 3 ) [Amount of charge per turn in the nth turn (t) / (Apparent density of coke and ore mixed layer (t / m 3 ))]
  • R n fall radius of the charged raw material in the n-th turn (m)
  • L av2 (n) V n / [(R n 2 ⁇ R n-1 2 ) ⁇ ] 2
  • L av2 (n + 1) V n + 1 / [(R n + 1 2 ⁇ R n 2 ) ⁇ ] 3
  • V n the raw material volume per turn in the n-th turn (m 3 )
  • R n-1 Falling radius of the charged raw material in the (n-1) th turn (m)
  • R n fall radius of the charged raw material in the n-th turn (m)
  • V n + 1 The charging raw material volume per turn in the (n + 1) th turn (m 3 )
  • R n + 1 Fall radius (m) of the charged raw material in the (n + 1) th turn L av2 (n + 1) ⁇ L av2 (n) 4
  • the charged raw material when charging the ore raw material and coke into the blast furnace, the charged raw material is poured into a predetermined position and the mixed coke is not separated, so that the air permeability in the lower part of the furnace is greatly improved.
  • the ore reduction speed is greatly improved, even when the raw material charging interval is narrow, and when reverse tilt charging is applied when mixing and mixing coke and ore simultaneously, stable blast furnace operation is performed. be able to.
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows the raw material charging procedure to a blast furnace.
  • A is a schematic diagram which shows the conventional raw material charging state according to the present invention and (b) according to the present invention.
  • (A) is the conventional, and (b) is a schematic diagram which shows each other raw material charging state according to this invention.
  • It is a schematic diagram which contrasts and shows the raw material charging state to the blast furnace by this invention, and the raw material charging state in a normal blast furnace.
  • the raw material charging destination of the swirl chute 16 is the inner peripheral part of the furnace wall of the blast furnace, and only the coke is loaded.
  • a central coke layer is formed at the center of the blast furnace.
  • a peripheral coke layer may be formed on the inner peripheral portion of the furnace wall. That is, in a state where the raw material charging destination of the turning chute 16 faces the furnace wall portion of the blast furnace, the flow rate adjusting gates 13 of the furnace top bunkers 12b and 12c are closed, and the flow rate adjusting gate 13 of only the furnace top bunker 12a is opened.
  • a central coke layer is formed at the center of the blast furnace.
  • the average layer thickness Lav1 for each turning of the turning chute obtained by the following equation 1 is made smaller than the thickness h of the central coke charged in the shaft center portion of the blast furnace. is important.
  • L av1 V n / [(R n 2 ⁇ R n-1 2 ) ⁇ ] 1
  • V n charging amount per turn in the n-th turn (t) / (apparent density of coke and ore mixed layer (t / m 3 ))
  • R n fall radius of the charged raw material in the n-th turn (m)
  • the Lav1 obtained by Equation 1 is made smaller than the thickness h of the central coke charged in the axial center portion of the blast furnace, so Uniformity is eliminated, and as a result, even if the amount of coke is small or a large amount of pulverized coal is injected, the air permeability in the blast furnace can be secured stably. .
  • L av1 is preferably in the range of about 0.7 to 0.95 times h. This is because the charged raw material climbs over the pile of raw material that has been sown immediately before and flows to the center side, and the mixed coke is separated to prevent deterioration of the mixing rate controllability and reduction of the coke mixing rate.
  • L av1 ⁇ h As specific values, L av1 is about 0.90 to 1.35 (m), and h is 1.20. It is desirable that the range be about ⁇ 1.50 (m).
  • the formation of the mixed layer 12e is such that the average layer thickness Lav1 for each turn of the turning chute obtained by the above equation 1 is smaller than the thickness of the central coke: h. Is formed.
  • L av2 (1) h can be obtained.
  • L av2 (n) V n / [(R n 2 ⁇ R n-1 2 ) ⁇ ] 2
  • L av2 (n + 1) V n + 1 / [(R n + 1 2 ⁇ R n 2 ) ⁇ ] 3
  • V n the raw material volume per turn in the n-th turn (m 3 )
  • R n-1 Falling radius of the charged raw material in the (n-1) th turn (m)
  • R n fall radius of the charged raw material in the n-th turn (m)
  • V n + 1 The charging raw material volume per turn in the (n + 1) th turn (m 3 )
  • R n + 1 Fall radius (m) of the charged raw material in the (n + 1) th turn L av2 (n + 1) ⁇ L av2 (n) 4
  • the average layer thickness L av2 (n) of the nth turn obtained by the above equation 2 is changed to the average layer thickness L av2 (n + 1) of the (n + 1) th turn obtained by the above equation 3. ),
  • the non-uniformity of the mixed layer is eliminated.
  • Air permeability can be secured stably.
  • the ratio of L av2 (n) to L av2 (n + 1) (L av2 (n + 1) / L av2 (n)) is preferably in the range of about 0.5 to 0.9. If the above ratio is 0.9 or more, the raw material charged in the (n + 1) th turn is more likely to flow over the peak of the raw material charged in the nth time and flow into the center side. This is because it is difficult to control the raw material deposition shape by increasing the charging interval or reducing the charging raw material. In the present invention, it is important to satisfy the relationship of the above formula 4. As specific values, V n is about 2 to 7 (m 3 ) and R 1 is about 1 to 2 (m). , ⁇ R is preferably in the range of about 0.2 to 0.5 (m).
  • the layers composed of the central coke layer and the mixed layer 12e are sequentially formed in the blast furnace 10 from the lower part to the upper part.
  • a coke layer and a layer composed of the co-mixed mixed layer 12e are sequentially laminated, so that a coke layer having a low ventilation resistance is formed from the lower portion of the blast furnace to the axial center portion and the furnace wall portion in the blast furnace 10.
  • the mixed layer 12e in which the coke and the ore raw material are completely mixed therebetween but also the porosity due to the coke mixing. It is possible to prevent the blast furnace upper air permeability deterioration due to the decrease.
  • the mixed layer 12e in which the coke and the ore raw material are completely mixed can be formed between the coke layers, the effect of improving the air permeability in the lower portion of the blast furnace can be obtained.
  • the ore raw material in the lower part of the blast furnace 10 is melted, and the coke and the ore raw material charged in the blast furnace 10 descend from the top of the furnace to the lower part of the furnace, and the reduction of the ore raw material and the ore raw material A temperature rise occurs. For this reason, a fusion zone in which the ore material is softened is formed on the upper side of the molten layer, and the ore material is reduced on the upper side of the fusion zone.
  • the ore raw material and the coke are completely mixed in the mixed layer 12 e, and the coke enters between the ore raw materials.
  • the high-temperature gas passes directly between the ore raw materials, so there is no heat transfer delay and the heat transfer characteristics can be improved.
  • the contact area between the ore raw material and the high-temperature gas is expanded, and carburization can be promoted. Further, in the cohesive zone, air permeability and heat transfer can be improved. Furthermore, since the ore raw material and coke are arranged close to each other in the upper part of the blast furnace 10, the coupling is a mutual activation phenomenon between the reduction reaction of the ore raw material and the gasification reaction (carbon solution loss reaction). Good reduction is performed without causing a reduction delay due to the reaction.
  • a coke slit is formed on the upper side of the cohesive zone, and heat is conducted to the ore mainly through the coke slit, so that a heat transfer delay occurs and heat transfer becomes insufficient. Furthermore, since the coke layer with good air permeability and the ore layer with poor air permeability are laminated at the upper part of the blast furnace 10, not only the temperature rising rate is lowered, but only the reduction reaction is performed, and the above-described coupling is performed. Since the reaction cannot be expected, there arises a problem that a reduction delay occurs.
  • the charging layer formed by the coke layer and the mixed layer 12e in which the coke and the ore raw material are completely mixed is laminated, the coke slit is formed in the mixed layer. Therefore, the gas flow is made uniform, and good heat transfer is ensured, and stable ventilation can be improved, so that the above-mentioned conventional problems can be advantageously solved.
  • the amount of coke required for producing hot metal 1 ton (kg), that is, the coke ratio was about 320 to 350 kg / t.
  • the coke ratio is 270. It can be reduced to about ⁇ 320 kg / t.
  • Example 1 In order to verify the effect of the present invention, the change in the ventilation resistance was investigated by simulating the raw material reduction and temperature raising processes in the blast furnace using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG.
  • a furnace core tube 32 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical furnace body 31, and a cylindrical heating heater 33 is disposed outside the furnace core tube 32.
  • a graphite crucible 35 is disposed at the upper end of a cylindrical body 34 made of a refractory inside the furnace core tube 32, and a charging raw material 36 is charged into the crucible 35.
  • a load is applied to the charged raw material 36 from above by a load loading device 38 connected via a punch bar 37 so as to be in the same level as the fused layer at the bottom of the blast furnace.
  • a drop sampling device 39 is provided below the cylindrical body 34.
  • the gas adjusted by the gas mixing device 40 is sent to the crucible 35 through the lower cylindrical body 34. Thereafter, the gas that has passed through the charging material 36 in the crucible 35 is analyzed by the gas analyzer 41.
  • the heating heater 33 is provided with a thermocouple 42 for controlling the heating temperature, and the crucible 35 is controlled by controlling the heater 33 with a control device (not shown) while measuring the temperature with the thermocouple 42. Is heated to 1200-1500 ° C.
  • the charging raw material 36 charged in the crucible 35 the following materials were used.
  • the coke ratio and the pulverized coal ratio are the amount of coke and the amount of pulverized coal (kg) used when producing hot metal 1t.
  • the reducing material ratio is the sum of the coke ratio and pulverized coal ratio.
  • the gas utilization rate is a ratio of the concentration of CO 2 and CO at the top of the furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
  • Gas utilization rate CO 2 / (CO 2 + CO) ⁇ 100
  • CO 2 is the furnace top CO 2 concentration [%]
  • CO furnace top CO concentration [%]
  • ⁇ P / V is an index obtained by indexing the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
  • ⁇ P / V (BP-TP) / BGV
  • BP the blowing pressure [Pa].
  • TP the furnace top pressure [Pa]
  • BGV Bosch gas amount [m 3 (standard state) / min]
  • the coke ratio of Comparative Example 1 was 342 kg / t, but L av1 was in the range of about 0.7 to 0.95 times h, and L av1 was 0.90 to 1.35.
  • the coke ratio of Invention Example 1 is 312 kg / t, and Invention Example 2 can be reduced to about 300 kg / t. It was proved that the ventilation resistance can be reduced even at a low reducing material ratio with a low coke ratio.
  • the charging amount per turning: V n and the radius increase amount per turning of the falling radius of the charging raw material: ⁇ R are fixed for each example, but the relationship of L av1 ⁇ h is satisfied. if, even by changing the V n and ⁇ R for each pivot, it is possible to obtain the effect of the present invention without any problem.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • a dedicated coke chute that feeds coke directly into the blast furnace shaft center is placed at a position where it does not interfere with the swivel chute, and the coke is charged directly into the blast furnace shaft core to form a central coke layer. You may make it do.
  • L av1 0.7 to 0.95 times approximately in the range of h
  • L av1 is 0.90 ⁇ 1.35 (m) about a range h is about 1.20 ⁇ 1.50 (m)
  • Example 2 Furthermore, internal volume: In 4000 mm 3 grade blast furnace actual, conducted material charging tests were compared operating conditions.
  • this blast furnace as shown in FIG. 1, it has three independent bunkers in the upper part of the blast furnace, and each is charged with coke or ore raw materials.
  • 2 batches of ore raw materials are charged.
  • mixed charging 120 kg / t
  • the 2nd batch In the first half of the coke cutting, the coke was charged into the center of the furnace to form a central coke layer.
  • the ore raw material was cut out simultaneously from the other bunker, and the raw material was charged by reverse tilt charging to form a coke mixed layer.
  • Table 2 The test results according to the above procedure are shown in Table 2.
  • the coke ratio and pulverized coal ratio are the amount of coke and the amount of pulverized coal (kg) used when producing hot metal 1t.
  • the reducing material ratio is the sum of the coke ratio and pulverized coal ratio.
  • the gas utilization rate is a ratio of the concentration of CO 2 and CO at the top of the furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
  • Gas utilization rate CO 2 / (CO 2 + CO) ⁇ 100
  • CO 2 is the furnace top CO 2 concentration [%]
  • CO furnace top CO concentration [%]
  • ⁇ P / V is an index obtained by indexing the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
  • ⁇ P / V (BP-TP) / BGV
  • BP the blowing pressure [Pa].
  • TP the furnace top pressure [Pa]
  • BGV Bosch gas amount [m 3 (standard state) / min]
  • the charging amount per turning: V n and the radius increase amount per turning of the falling radius of the charging raw material: ⁇ R are fixed for each example, but L av2 (n + 1) ⁇ L av2 If the relationship (n) is satisfied, the effect of the present invention can be obtained without any problems even if V n and ⁇ R for each turn are appropriately changed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un procédé pour le chargement de matière dans un haut-fourneau dans lequel la ventilation de l'intérieur du haut-fourneau est maintenue de sorte qu'une stabilité et un rendement thermique améliorés peuvent être atteints pendant le fonctionnement du haut-fourneau même lorsque la quantité de coke est faible ou lors de la mise en œuvre d'une opération dans laquelle une grande quantité de charbon pulvérisé est soufflée à l'intérieur. Le procédé de la présente invention consiste à régler l'épaisseur de couche moyenne (Lav1) déterminée par la formule (1) pour chaque rotation d'une goulotte rotative de façon à ce que ladite épaisseur soit inférieure à l'épaisseur (h) de coke qui est chargé dans la section centrale axiale d'un haut-fourneau. Formule (1) : Lav1 = Vn/[(Rn 2 - Rn-1 2)π]. Vn est le volume de matière première chargée (m3) par rotation pendant la n-ième rotation. Rn est le rayon de chute (m) de la matière première chargée pendant la n-ième rotation.
PCT/JP2013/003165 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 Procédé pour le chargement de matière première dans un haut-fourneau WO2013172042A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020147033494A KR101592955B1 (ko) 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 고로로의 원료 장입 방법
JP2013556706A JP5574064B2 (ja) 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 高炉への原料装入方法
EP13791416.4A EP2851437B1 (fr) 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 Procédé pour le chargement de matière première dans un haut-fourneau
CN201380025729.8A CN104302787B (zh) 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 向高炉装入原料的方法

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JP2012-114862 2012-05-18
JP2012114862 2012-05-18
JP2012-114860 2012-05-18
JP2012114860 2012-05-18

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JP (1) JP5574064B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101592955B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104302787B (fr)
TR (1) TR201816178T4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013172042A1 (fr)

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CN112410484A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-02-26 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 一种间隔压矿的高炉布料方法
JP2021175822A (ja) * 2020-04-22 2021-11-04 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 中心コークスの投入方法

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JP6269549B2 (ja) * 2015-03-26 2018-01-31 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 高炉操業方法
TR201805266T1 (tr) * 2015-10-28 2018-07-23 Jfe Steel Corp Yüksek fırına ham madde yükleme yöntemi.
KR102574567B1 (ko) * 2019-04-03 2023-09-04 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 고로의 이상 판정 장치, 고로의 이상 판정 방법, 및 고로의 조업 방법

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021175822A (ja) * 2020-04-22 2021-11-04 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 中心コークスの投入方法
JP7331876B2 (ja) 2020-04-22 2023-08-23 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 中心コークスの投入方法
CN112410484A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-02-26 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 一种间隔压矿的高炉布料方法
CN112410484B (zh) * 2020-11-18 2022-03-25 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 一种间隔压矿的高炉布料方法

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JPWO2013172042A1 (ja) 2016-01-12
EP2851437B1 (fr) 2018-10-03
EP2851437A1 (fr) 2015-03-25
CN104302787A (zh) 2015-01-21
JP5574064B2 (ja) 2014-08-20
CN104302787B (zh) 2016-10-05
KR20150004907A (ko) 2015-01-13
TR201816178T4 (tr) 2018-11-21
KR101592955B1 (ko) 2016-02-11

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