WO2013121691A1 - 半導体装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013121691A1 WO2013121691A1 PCT/JP2013/000036 JP2013000036W WO2013121691A1 WO 2013121691 A1 WO2013121691 A1 WO 2013121691A1 JP 2013000036 W JP2013000036 W JP 2013000036W WO 2013121691 A1 WO2013121691 A1 WO 2013121691A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- semiconductor chip
- semiconductor device
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- pressure
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- H01L2924/1033—Gallium nitride [GaN]
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- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
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- H01L2924/12—Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
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- H01L2924/1305—Bipolar Junction Transistor [BJT]
- H01L2924/13055—Insulated gate bipolar transistor [IGBT]
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- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
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- H01L2924/13—Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
- H01L2924/1304—Transistor
- H01L2924/1306—Field-effect transistor [FET]
- H01L2924/13091—Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor [MOSFET]
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- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/151—Die mounting substrate
- H01L2924/1515—Shape
- H01L2924/15153—Shape the die mounting substrate comprising a recess for hosting the device
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- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/181—Encapsulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to a semiconductor device that can be applied to a high power semiconductor device (power module) such as an IGBT module and a power MOSFET module, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- power module high power semiconductor device
- IGBT module IGBT module
- MOSFET module power MOSFET module
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a power module.
- one main surface (lower surface) of the power element (semiconductor chip) is fixed to the heat spreader by solder, while the surface electrode formed on the other main surface (upper surface) of the power element is The structure is directly fixed to the inner lead of the lead frame by solder.
- FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the power module 101 disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1.
- a surface electrode (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the power element 102 is directly fixed to the main terminal 103 by a solder layer 104.
- another surface electrode (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the power element 102 is electrically and mechanically connected to the control terminal 105 through a wire (metal thin wire) 106.
- the lower surface of the power element 102 is fixed to a heat spreader (metal block) 108 via a solder layer 107.
- the lower surface of the heat spreader 108 is fixed to the metal layer 110 via an insulating sheet 109 made of an insulating resin.
- Each component of the power module 101 is sealed with a mold resin 111. A part of the main terminal 103 and a part of the control terminal 105 protrude from the outer shape of the mold resin 111.
- Patent Document 1 discloses another power module.
- the power module has a structure in which an insulating substrate made of an insulating material such as ceramic is disposed between a semiconductor chip and a heat sink.
- FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the power module 201 disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- a conductor 203a is formed on one surface (upper surface) of an insulating substrate 203, and a semiconductor chip 202 is fixed to the surface of the conductor 203a by a solder layer 204.
- the insulating substrate 203 is made of an insulating material such as ceramic.
- a conductor 203b is also formed on the other surface (lower surface) of the insulating substrate 203.
- the surface of the conductor 203b is fixed to a heat radiating plate 205 disposed below the semiconductor chip 202 with a solder layer 206.
- the material of the semiconductor chip mounted on the power module is generally Si (silicon).
- Si silicon
- semiconductor chips made of SiC (silicon carbide) or GaN (gallium nitride) have been developed.
- One of the features of this SiC or GaN semiconductor chip is that it can operate even when its temperature becomes high. Specifically, a Si semiconductor chip cannot operate when its temperature exceeds 150 ° C.
- a semiconductor chip made of SiC or GaN can operate even when its temperature reaches a high temperature of 300 ° C. or higher. Therefore, a power module on which a semiconductor chip made of SiC or GaN is mounted is required to cope with a higher temperature than a power module on which a semiconductor chip made of Si is mounted.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the power element 102 is 3 to 4 ppm / ° C.
- the materials of the main terminal 103 and the heat spreader 108 are both copper (Cu)
- the thermal expansion coefficients of the main terminal 103 and the heat spreader 108 are both 17 ppm / ° C.
- the stress accompanying the temperature change of the power element 102 causes a solder layer (joint part) 104 that joins the main terminal 103 and the power element 102, and a solder layer (joint part) that joins the heat spreader 108 and the power element 102.
- the stress increases as the temperature of the power element 102 increases. Therefore, the stress load received by each of the joints (solder layers 104 and 107) increases as the temperature width of the power element 102 increases. Therefore, when the material of the power element 102 is SiC, and the temperature of the power element 102 is higher than that of the Si semiconductor chip during the operation of the power module 101, stress is repeatedly generated in the joint portion. There is a possibility that the joint portion is broken and a connection failure occurs or a thermal resistance deteriorates.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the heat sink 205 is 17 ppm / ° C.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the insulating substrate 203 is 4 ppm / ° C.
- the stress load received by the joint increases as the temperature width of the semiconductor chip 202 increases. Therefore, when the material of the semiconductor chip 202 is, for example, SiC and the temperature of the semiconductor chip 202 becomes higher than that of the Si semiconductor chip during the operation of the power module 201, stress is repeatedly generated at the joint. There is a possibility that problems such as destruction of the joint and deterioration of the thermal resistance may occur.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device with high reliability even when the temperature range of the semiconductor chip is large. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a highly reliable semiconductor device even when the temperature range of the semiconductor chip is large.
- One aspect of the semiconductor device of the present invention includes a semiconductor chip having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and heat dissipation disposed opposite to the first main surface.
- Another aspect of the semiconductor device of the present invention is that the surface roughness of the portion of the first electrode that contacts the semiconductor chip is rougher than the surface roughness of the portion of the semiconductor chip that contacts the first electrode. .
- the semiconductor device further includes an insulating element for insulating between the heat sink and the first electrode, and the material of the heat sink is copper or aluminum.
- the first electrode has a surface facing the first main surface of the semiconductor chip, and the surface of the first electrode facing the first main surface. Is larger than the area of the first main surface, and from the outer periphery of the first main surface projected onto the surface of the first electrode facing the first main surface, the first main surface
- the semiconductor chip is disposed so that the surface of the first electrode facing the surface protrudes.
- the heat dissipation plate has a first recess opening on the first main surface side of the semiconductor chip, and is between the first main surface and the heat dissipation plate. It is that at least a part of the first electrode to be disposed enters the first recess.
- the first electrode has a second recess opening on the first main surface side of the semiconductor chip, and a part of the semiconductor chip enters the second recess. It is to be.
- the pressure contact member is a second heat radiating plate.
- the semiconductor device further includes an insulating element for insulating between the second heat sink and the second electrode, and the material of the second heat sink is copper or aluminum. That is.
- the material of the heat sink is diamond or ceramic.
- the material of the heat sink is aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, or alumina.
- the material of the second heat sink is diamond or ceramic.
- the material of the second heat sink is aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, or alumina.
- the pressure generating member is disposed at a location different from the second electrode between the pressure contact member and the semiconductor chip, and is electrically connected to the semiconductor chip.
- the mechanism further includes a third electrode pressed against each of the pressure contact member and the semiconductor chip, and the pressure applied to the second electrode is larger than the pressure applied to the third electrode. The pressure generating mechanism generates pressure.
- the semiconductor chip has an emitter electrode, a source electrode, or an anode electrode formed on the second main surface as a surface electrode, and the second electrode is the emitter electrode.
- the pressure electrically connected to the source electrode or the anode electrode and applied to the second electrode by the pressure generating mechanism is 0.5 MPa or more and less than 30 MPa.
- One aspect of the method for manufacturing a semiconductor device of the present invention includes a step of disposing a first electrode on a heat sink, a step of disposing a semiconductor chip on the first electrode, and disposing a second electrode on the semiconductor chip. And a step of disposing a pressure contact member on the second electrode, applying pressure from the heat radiating plate and the pressure contact member toward the semiconductor chip, and pressing the first electrode to the semiconductor chip. And a step of pressing the second electrode against the semiconductor chip.
- the reliability of connection between a semiconductor chip and an electrode electrically connected to the semiconductor chip is improved. Therefore, a highly reliable semiconductor device can be obtained.
- FIG. 22B is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating one structural example of a semiconductor device in which the area of the electrode disposed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip is smaller than the area of the lower surface of the semiconductor chip, as a comparative example of the structure illustrated in FIG. 22A. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows a part of semiconductor device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the 17th structural example of the semiconductor device which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view showing an outline of a structural example of the semiconductor device 1 of the present embodiment.
- 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 1A does not illustrate the upper radiator plate 4 which is an example of a pressure contact member.
- FIG. 2 is a front view showing an outline of a structural example of the semiconductor device 1 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows the upper radiator plate 4 by phantom lines (two-dot chain lines).
- the semiconductor device 1 includes a semiconductor chip 2.
- the semiconductor chip 2 is a power semiconductor chip.
- the semiconductor device 1 includes a lower heat radiating plate (first heat radiating plate) 3 disposed below the semiconductor chip 2 and an upper heat radiating plate (second heat radiating plate) disposed above the semiconductor chip 2. 4. Therefore, the upper radiator plate 4 is disposed opposite to the lower radiator plate 3, and the semiconductor chip 2 is disposed between the lower radiator plate 3 and the upper radiator plate 4.
- the material of the heat sinks 3 and 4 is preferably a high thermal conductivity material having a high thermal conductivity.
- the semiconductor device 1 further includes a first electrode 5, a second electrode 6, and a third electrode 7.
- the first electrode 5 is disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 facing the first main surface (lower surface) of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the first electrode 5 includes a pressure contact portion 5a that contacts the lower heat radiating plate 3 and a protruding portion 5b that protrudes from the pressure contact portion 5a.
- the semiconductor chip 2 is disposed on the upper surface of the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5.
- the upper surface of the press contact portion 5a is a surface opposite to the lower surface of the press contact portion 5a (first electrode 5) facing the lower heat radiating plate 3. Therefore, the first electrode 5 is disposed between the semiconductor chip 2 and the lower heat sink 3.
- the protruding portion 5 b of the first electrode 5 protrudes from the predetermined position outside the projection area of the semiconductor chip 2 toward the upper radiator plate 4.
- the protruding portion 5 b of the first electrode 5 extends from the press contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 so as to protrude from the upper surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the upper surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4 is a surface opposite to the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4 facing the semiconductor chip 2. Therefore, the upper heat sink 4 has a hole (not shown) into which the protruding portion 5b of the first electrode 5 can be inserted.
- the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is disposed to face a first surface electrode (not shown) formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2, and is electrically connected to the first surface electrode (not shown). Is conducting.
- the first surface electrode (not shown) formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 1 may be, for example, a solid electrode formed on almost the entire lower surface of the semiconductor chip 1.
- the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is pressed against each of the semiconductor chip 2 and the lower heat radiating plate 3 by a pressure generation mechanism (not shown) and is in contact with them.
- a pressure generation mechanism (not shown) generates a pressure for press-contacting the press-contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 to each of the semiconductor chip 2 and the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- the second electrode 6 and the third electrode 7 are arranged at different locations on the upper surface (second main surface) of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is a surface opposite to the first main surface (lower surface) of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the centers of the regions of the electrodes 6 and 7 projected on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 are all located away from the center of the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- these electrodes 6 and 7 are also in pressure contact portions 6a and 7a that come into contact with the semiconductor chip 2, and a protruding portion 6b that protrudes from the pressure contact portions 6a and 7a. 7b.
- the upper radiator plate 4 is disposed on the upper surfaces of the pressure contact portions 6a and 7a of these electrodes 6 and 7.
- the upper surfaces of the press contact portions 6 a and 7 a are surfaces opposite to the lower surfaces of the press contact portions 6 a and 7 a (electrodes 6 and 7) facing the semiconductor chip 2. Accordingly, both the second electrode 6 and the third electrode 7 are disposed between the semiconductor chip 2 and the upper heat sink 4, and the upper heat sink 4 disposed to face the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 Along with the lower heat radiation plate 3 facing the lower surface, the semiconductor chip 2 and the press contact portions 5a to 7a of the plurality of electrodes 5 to 7 are sandwiched and held.
- the protruding portion 6b of the second electrode 6 extends from the press contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 so as to protrude from the upper surface of the upper radiator plate 4.
- the protruding portion 7 b of the third electrode 7 extends from the press contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 so as to protrude from the upper surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4. Therefore, the upper radiator plate 4 has a hole (not shown) in which the protruding portion 6b of the second electrode 6 can be inserted, and a hole in which the protruding portion 7b of the third electrode 7 can be inserted.
- the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 is disposed to face the second surface electrode 8 formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2, and is electrically connected to the second surface electrode 8. .
- the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 is disposed to face the third surface electrode 9 formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2, and is electrically connected to the third surface electrode 9. Yes.
- the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 are both pressed against and bonded to the semiconductor chip 2 and the upper radiator plate 4 by a pressure generation mechanism (not shown).
- a pressure generation mechanism (not shown) generates a pressure that presses and joins the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 to the semiconductor chip 2 and the upper radiator plate 4, respectively.
- the area of the second surface electrode 8 formed on the second main surface (upper surface) of the semiconductor chip 2 is such that the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 in contact with the second surface electrode 8. It is larger than the area (projected area of the second electrode 6), and the second surface electrode 8 protrudes from the pressure contact part 6a of the second electrode 6 in at least one direction.
- the semiconductor device 1 has a structure in which the second electrode 6 contacts the second surface electrode 8 of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the structure of the semiconductor device is not limited to that structure.
- the second surface electrode 8 of the semiconductor chip 2 may be plated to form a protruding electrode having a height of, for example, about 4 ⁇ m on the second surface electrode 8.
- the second surface electrode 8 of the semiconductor chip 2 is made of, for example, Al (aluminum)
- the second surface electrode 8 may be plated with Ni.
- Au flash plating may be further performed after Ni plating is performed.
- the area of the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 is larger or smaller than the area of the second surface electrode 8. In either case, it is possible to maintain electrical continuity between the second surface electrode 8 and the second electrode 6 when the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the semiconductor chip 2 slide relative to each other. Become.
- the third surface electrode 9 formed on the second main surface (upper surface) of the semiconductor chip 2 is in contact with the third surface electrode 9 in at least one direction. Protrudes from the pressure contact portion 7a. On the other hand, the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 also protrudes from the third surface electrode 9 in at least one direction.
- a protruding electrode (not shown) is formed on the third surface electrode 9 of the semiconductor chip 2 by plating, and a third electrode is formed on the protruding electrode (not shown) formed by the plating process.
- a pressure contact portion 7a of the electrode 7 is disposed. With this configuration, even if the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 and the semiconductor chip 2 slide relative to each other (slide), the electrical connection between the third surface electrode 9 and the third electrode 7 of the semiconductor chip 2 is possible. Continuity is maintained.
- the protruding electrode is formed on the third surface electrode 9 in this way, in order to align the heights of the upper surfaces of the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7, It is preferable to form a protruding electrode on the second surface electrode 8 of the semiconductor chip 2 to which the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 is electrically connected by plating or the like.
- a semiconductor device 1 having a structure in which two electrodes 6 and 7 are arranged on the upper surface of a semiconductor chip 2 will be described.
- the present invention is not limited to this structure.
- One or more electrodes may be disposed on each main surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the pressure contact member is not limited to a heat radiating plate, that is, a member having thermal conductivity.
- the pressure contact member has at least a function of pressing the pressure contact portions 5a to 7a of the electrodes 5 to 7 electrically connected to the semiconductor chip 2 to the semiconductor chip 2 together with the lower heat radiation plate 3 and holding them, Any member may be used as long as it has a function of maintaining the mechanical insulation.
- a pressure generating mechanism (not shown) generates a pressure for holding the semiconductor chip 2 between the lower radiator plate 3 and the upper radiator plate 4. Then, depending on the pressure, the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 and the lower heat sink 3 are pressed, the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 and the semiconductor chip 2, and the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6. Further, the press-contact joining between the press-contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 and the semiconductor chip 2, and the press-contact joint between the press-contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the press-contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 and the upper radiator plate 4 are realized. . Further, the positional relationship among the semiconductor chip 2, the first electrode 5, the second electrode 6, and the third electrode 7 is maintained by these pressure welding.
- Typical semiconductor chips used in the power module are power semiconductor chips such as power MOSFETs, IGBTs, bipolar transistors, and diodes.
- power semiconductor chips made of SiC (silicon carbide) or GaN (gallium nitride) have been developed.
- the structure of the power semiconductor chip is classified into a vertical type and a horizontal type. In this embodiment, a case where the semiconductor chip 2 is a vertical power MOSFET will be described.
- the first surface electrode formed on the lower surface (first main surface) of the semiconductor chip 2 is a drain electrode.
- the drain electrode is electrically connected to the first electrode 5 disposed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the second surface electrode 8 and the third surface electrode 9 formed on the upper surface (second main surface) of the semiconductor chip 2 are a source electrode and a gate electrode, respectively. Therefore, the source electrode 8 is electrically connected to the second electrode 6, and the gate electrode 9 is electrically connected to the third electrode 7.
- the first surface electrode formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is a collector electrode and is formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the second surface electrode 8 and the third surface electrode 9 are an emitter electrode and a gate electrode, respectively.
- the emitter electrode 8 is electrically connected to the second electrode 6, and the gate electrode 9 is electrically connected to the third electrode 7. Connect to.
- the first surface electrode formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is a collector electrode and is formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the second surface electrode 8 and the third surface electrode 9 are an emitter electrode and a base electrode, respectively.
- the emitter electrode 8 is electrically connected to the second electrode 6, and the base electrode 9 is electrically connected to the third electrode 7. Connect.
- the cathode electrode is formed as a surface electrode on one main surface of the semiconductor chip
- the anode electrode is formed as a surface electrode on the other main surface of the semiconductor chip.
- one surface electrode is formed on each of the main surfaces of the semiconductor chip. Therefore, in this case, one electrode is disposed on each of the main surfaces.
- Each of the electrodes 5 to 7 is a member that plays an electrical role such as passing a current or maintaining a predetermined voltage.
- the material of the electrodes 5 to 7 electrically connected to the semiconductor chip 2 is generally copper.
- the material of the electrodes 5 to 7 is not limited to copper.
- the material of the electrodes 5 to 7 may be nickel, aluminum or the like.
- an electrode obtained by applying nickel plating to a base material made of copper or the like may be used.
- the electrode which nickel-plated to the base material which consists of copper etc., and also silver-plated or gold-plated on the nickel plating may be used.
- the electrode becomes difficult to oxidize. Further, when silver plating or gold plating is further performed on the nickel plating, the oxidation of the electrode is further less likely to occur.
- the electrodes 5 to 7 have the protruding portions 5 b to 7 b extending to the outside of the outer shape of the semiconductor device 1. These protrusions 5b to 7b extend from different places so as not to contact each other.
- the cross-sectional area of each hole of the upper radiator plate 4 into which the protrusions 5b to 7b are inserted is preferably as small as possible.
- the protrusions 5 b to 7 b extend in the vertical direction with respect to the upper heat sink 4. In this way, an increase in the cross-sectional area of each hole of the upper heat radiating plate 4 is suppressed, so that the heat radiating characteristics of the upper heat radiating plate 4 are improved.
- the first electrode 5, the second electrode 6, and the third electrode 7 each have a protruding portion that protrudes from the lower surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 instead of the protruding portion that protrudes from the upper surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the lower heat radiating plate 3 may have each hole portion into which each protruding portion can be inserted.
- the lower surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 is a surface opposite to the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- the heat sinks 3 and 4 have the role of pressing and holding the first electrode 5, the second electrode 6 and the third electrode 7 to the semiconductor chip 2, the role of efficiently radiating the heat of the semiconductor chip 2, It is a member that plays the role of maintaining electrical insulation.
- the material of the heat sinks 3 and 4 is preferably an insulating inorganic material having a high thermal conductivity.
- diamond may be used as the material of the heat sinks 3 and 4.
- ceramics such as aluminum nitride (AlN), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) may be used as the material for the heat sinks 3 and 4.
- the heat sinks 3 and 4 may be used as the material of the heat sinks 3 and 4, and the heat sinks 3 and 4 and the electrodes 5 to 7 may be insulated by an insulating element.
- the semiconductor device 1 having a structure in which the heat radiating plates 3 and 4 and the electrodes 5 to 7 are insulated by an insulating element will be described with reference to FIGS.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views each showing an outline of another structural example of the semiconductor device 1 of the present embodiment.
- an insulating layer 10 a which is an example of an insulating element is formed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- an insulating layer 10a is also formed on the inner surface of each hole of the upper heat sink 4 where the protruding portions 5b to 7b of the electrodes 5 to 7 are inserted.
- the insulating layer 10 a formed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 insulates between the press contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 and the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- the insulating layer 10a formed on the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4 insulates between the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the upper heat radiating plate 4, and also presses the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 and the upper heat radiating plate. Insulates the board 4. Thereby, the electrical insulation between the heat sinks 3 and 4 and the electrodes 5 to 7 is maintained. Therefore, a metal member made of aluminum, copper, or the like can be used as the base material for the heat sinks 3 and 4.
- the material of the insulating layer 10a is preferably an inorganic material having high thermal conductivity.
- an anodized aluminum film (alumite), a diamond thin film, a film formed by ceramic spraying, diamond-like carbon, or the like may be used as the material of the insulating layer 10a.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 10a may be about 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the insulating layer 10a is made of alumite, it is preferable to perform a sealing process in order to improve the insulating property of the insulating layer 10a.
- the electrolyte solution used for the alumite treatment is preferably an electrolyte solution based on oxalic acid. This is because the coating of the insulating layer 10a is not easily broken and the insulating properties are improved. Further, the surface of the alumite may be coated with a resin film. Thereby, the insulation of the insulating layer 10a further increases.
- the thickness of the resin film for coating the insulating layer 10a may be about 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- a method of forming the resin film for coating the resin layer 10a for example, a method of electrodepositing a fluorine-containing resin on the surface of the alumite after the alumite treatment can be employed.
- the semiconductor device 1 having the structure in which the insulating layer 10a made of an inorganic material is formed on the heat radiating plate made of metal is more effective than the semiconductor device 1 using the heat radiating plate made of an insulating inorganic material having a good thermal conductivity. It has high thermal conductivity and can be manufactured at low cost.
- the area of the insulating layer 10a formed on the upper surface of the lower heat sink 3 is such that the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is efficiently radiated from the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 to the lower heat sink 3. It is preferable to make it larger than the area (projected area of the first electrode 5). Further, since the area of the insulating layer 10a formed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 is larger than the area of the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5, the pressure contact between the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the first electrode 5 is achieved. The part 5a is reliably insulated.
- the area of the insulating layer 10a formed on the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4 is, for example, the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 so that heat is efficiently radiated mainly from the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 to the upper heat radiating plate 4. It may be wider than the area. Further, since the area of the insulating layer 10 a formed on the lower surface of the upper heat sink 4 is larger than the area of the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2, the press contact portions 6 a and 7 a of the electrodes 6 and 7 and the upper heat sink 4 Is reliably insulated from each other.
- the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 4 is different from the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. Specifically, the area ratio of the insulating layer 10a in the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 4 is larger than the area ratio of the insulating layer 10a in the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. Therefore, when the dimensions of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 3 and the dimensions of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 4 are the same, each insulation formed on the upper surface or the lower surface of each heat radiation plate 3, 4 of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. The area of the layer 10a is larger than the area of each insulating layer 10a formed on the upper surface or the lower surface of each heat sink 3, 4 of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
- the insulating layer 10 a is formed on the entire upper surface or substantially the entire upper surface of the lower radiator plate 3, and the insulating layer 10 a is formed on the entire lower surface or substantially the entire surface of the upper radiator plate 4. As shown in FIG. 3, it is easier to form the insulating layer 10a than to partially form each insulating layer 10a on the upper or lower surface of each of the heat sinks 3 and 4.
- FIGS. 5 to 9 are cross-sectional views showing outlines of other structural examples of the semiconductor device 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 5 uses heat sinks 3 and 4 in which insulating members 10b, 10c, and 10d, which are examples of insulating elements, are embedded as the heat sinks 3 and 4 on which insulating layers are formed.
- An insulating layer is formed on each of the heat sinks 3 and 4 by the embedded insulating members 10b, 10c, and 10d.
- the insulating member 10 b embedded in the lower heat radiating plate 3 is exposed from the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 at a position corresponding to the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5.
- the insulating member 10 c embedded in the upper heat radiating plate 4 is exposed from the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4 at a position corresponding to the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6.
- the shape of the insulating member 10 c embedded in the upper heat radiating plate 4 corresponds to the shape of the second electrode 6. That is, the insulating member 10c includes a base portion corresponding to the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and a protruding portion (not shown) corresponding to the protruding portion 6b of the second electrode 6, and the base of the insulating member 10c.
- the lower surface of the part is exposed from the lower surface of the upper radiator plate 4, and the protruding portion of the insulating member 10 c extends from the base portion of the insulating member 10 c to the upper surface of the upper radiator plate 4.
- the hole (not shown) which can insert the protrusion part 6b of the 2nd electrode 6 is extended from the lower surface of the base part of the insulating member 10c to the end surface of the protrusion part of the insulating member 10c.
- the insulating member 10 d embedded in the upper radiator plate 4 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the third electrode 7, and a base portion corresponding to the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 and the third electrode 7.
- the protrusion part corresponding to this protrusion part 7b is provided.
- the insulating member 10 d is disposed at a position corresponding to the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 so that the lower surface of the base portion of the insulating member 10 d is exposed from the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the protruding portion of the insulating member 10 d extends from the base portion of the insulating member 10 d to the upper surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the hole which can insert the protrusion part 7b of the 3rd electrode 7 is extended from the lower surface of the base part of the insulating member 10d to the end surface of the protrusion part of the insulating member 10d.
- an insulating member (not shown) in which a hole portion into which the protruding portion 5b of the first electrode 5 can be inserted is embedded in the upper heat sink 4.
- This insulating member may be integral with the insulating member 10c.
- the insulating member 10b may be fitted into a recess formed in the lower heat sink 3 by counterboring or the like.
- the base portions of the insulating members 10c and 10d may be fitted into the concave portions formed in the upper heat sink 4 by counterboring or the like.
- the insulating member 10b for insulating between the first electrode 5 pressed against the main electrode formed on the first main surface of the semiconductor chip 2 and the lower heat sink 3 has high thermal conductivity and high heat resistance. Sexuality is required.
- the required thickness of the insulating member 10b is about 50 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the insulating member 10b is about 400 ⁇ m.
- the required thickness of the base portion of the insulating member 10c is about 50 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the base portion of the insulating member 10c is about 400 ⁇ m.
- the necessary thickness of the insulating member 10b is about 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness required for the base portion of the insulating member 10c is about 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the diamond may be either polycrystalline diamond or single crystal diamond.
- the material of the insulating member 10d may be an inexpensive inorganic material such as mica (mica) or ceramic such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ). Further, only an insulating property is required for an insulating member (not shown) for insulating between the protruding portion 5b of the first electrode 5 and the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the insulating member for insulating between the protruding portion 5b of the first electrode 5 and the upper heat sink 4 is not integral with the insulating member 10c, the protrusion 5b of the first electrode 5 and the upper heat sink 4
- the material of the insulating member (not shown) for insulating the gap may be an inexpensive inorganic material such as mica (mica) or ceramic such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ).
- the material of the heat sinks 3 and 4 is preferably a metal material that is inexpensive and has high thermal conductivity.
- a metal material that is inexpensive and has high thermal conductivity.
- aluminum or copper is preferable.
- the insulating members 10b to 10d can be formed into a predetermined shape by machining such as cutting or grinding. When the insulating members 10b to 10d are made of ceramic, the insulating member can be formed into a predetermined shape by molding with a mold instead of machining.
- the area of the insulating member 10b is preferably larger than the area of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 so that the lower heat sink 3 and the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 are reliably insulated. It is.
- the area of the base portion of the insulating member 10c (projected area of the insulating member 10c) is preferably larger than the area of the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6, and the area of the base portion of the insulating member 10d ( The projected area of the insulating member 10d is preferably larger than the area of the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 (projected area of the third electrode 7).
- aluminum anodic oxide films (alumite) or diamond are formed in the recesses formed in the heat sinks 3 and 4 by counterboring or the like.
- a thin film, a film formed by ceramic spraying, diamond-like carbon, or the like may be formed.
- the insulating member 10 b is disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- An insulating layer is formed on the lower heat radiating plate 3 by the insulating member 10 b disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- the base portions of the insulating members 10 c and 10 d are disposed on the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- An insulating layer is formed on the upper heat sink 4 by the insulating members 10 c and 10 d disposed on the lower surface of the upper heat sink 4.
- the area of the insulating member 10b is preferably larger than the area of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 so that heat can be efficiently radiated from the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 to the lower heat radiating plate 3. Further, since the area of the insulating member 10b disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat sink 3 is larger than the area of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5, the press contact between the lower heat sink 3 and the first electrode 5 is achieved. The part 5a is reliably insulated.
- the area of the base portion of the insulating member 10c disposed on the lower surface of the upper heat sink 4 is preferably larger than the area of the press contact portion 6a, and the insulating member 10d disposed on the lower surface of the upper heat sink 4 is used.
- the area of the base part is preferably larger than the area of the press contact part 7a.
- the press contact of the electrodes 6 and 7 is achieved.
- the portions 6a and 7a and the upper heat radiating plate 4 are reliably insulated.
- FIG. 7 shows the semiconductor device 1 having a structure in which an insulating member 10 b is embedded in the lower heat sink 3 and an insulating member 10 e is embedded in the upper heat sink 4.
- the insulating member 10 e insulates between the second electrode 6 and the upper radiator plate 4 and insulates between the third electrode 7 and the upper radiator plate 4.
- An insulating layer is formed on the upper radiator plate 4 by the embedded insulating member 10e.
- the insulating member 10 e includes a base portion that covers the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7, and a protrusion (not shown) corresponding to the protrusion 6 b of the second electrode 6.
- the protrusion corresponding to the protrusion 7b of the third electrode 7 is provided, the lower surface of the base portion of the insulating member 10e is exposed from the lower surface of the upper radiator plate 4, and each protrusion of the insulating member 10e is exposed to the insulating member 10e. Extends from the base portion to the upper surface of the upper radiator plate 4.
- a hole (not shown) into which the protruding portion 6b of the second electrode 6 can be inserted extends from the lower surface of the base portion of the insulating member 10e to the end surface of one protruding portion of the insulating member 10e.
- a hole into which the protruding portion 7b of the electrode 7 can be inserted extends from the lower surface of the base portion of the insulating member 10e to the end surface of the other protruding portion of the insulating member 10e.
- an insulating member (not shown) in which a hole portion into which the protruding portion 5b of the first electrode 5 can be inserted is embedded in the upper heat sink 4.
- This insulating member may be integral with the insulating member 10e.
- the base portion of the insulating member 10e may be fitted into a recess formed in the upper heat sink 4 by counterboring or the like. Thus, since the insulating member 10e is embedded in the upper radiator plate 4, the positional displacement of the insulating member 10e does not occur.
- the insulating member 10 e that insulates between the press-contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 and the upper radiator plate 4 is required to have high thermal conductivity and high heat resistance. Therefore, for the material of the insulating member 10e, for example, an inorganic insulating material such as diamond, ceramic such as aluminum nitride (AlN) or silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) is suitable. However, when high heat dissipation is not required, inexpensive ceramics such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) may be used.
- the thickness required for the base portion of the insulating member 10e is about 50 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the base portion of the insulating member 10e is about 400 ⁇ m.
- the thickness required for the base portion of the insulating member 10e is about 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the diamond may be either polycrystalline diamond or single crystal diamond.
- the insulating member 10e can be formed into a predetermined shape by machining such as cutting or grinding.
- the insulating member 10e is made of ceramic, the insulating member 10e can be formed into a predetermined shape by molding with a mold instead of machining.
- the area of the base portion of the insulating member 10e (projected area of the insulating member 10e) is, for example, a semiconductor chip so that the pressure contact portions 6a and 7a of the electrodes 6 and 7 and the upper radiator plate 4 are reliably insulated.
- the area of the upper surface of 2 may be larger.
- aluminum anodic oxide films (alumite), diamond thin films, A film formed by ceramic spraying, diamond-like carbon, or the like may be formed.
- the insulating member 10b is disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3, and the base portion of the insulating member 10e is disposed on the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- An insulating layer is formed on the upper heat radiating plate 4 by an insulating member 10 e disposed on the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the insulating member 10 b is partially disposed on the upper surface of the lower radiator plate 3, and the base portion of the insulating member 10 e is partially disposed on the lower surface of the upper radiator plate 4. .
- the insulating member 10 b is disposed on the entire upper surface or substantially the entire upper surface of the lower radiator plate 3, and the base portion of the insulating member 10 e is disposed on the entire lower surface or substantially the entire surface of the upper radiator plate 4. Has been placed.
- the area of the base portion of the insulating member 10e may be made larger than the area of the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 so that heat can be efficiently radiated mainly from the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 to the upper radiator plate 4.
- the pressure contact portions 6a and 7a of the electrodes 6 and 7 are The heat sink 4 is reliably insulated from the heat sink 4.
- the semiconductor device 1 may include the lower heat sink 3 on which the insulating layer 10a shown in FIG. 3 is formed and the upper heat sink 4 on which the insulating member 10e shown in FIG. 8 is provided.
- the press contact portions 5a to 7a of the electrodes 5 to 7 are press bonded to the semiconductor chip 2. Therefore, in the semiconductor device 1 of this embodiment, the contact portions 5a to 7a of the electrodes 5 to 7 can be prevented from being broken at each connection portion connected to the semiconductor chip 2.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the semiconductor chip 2 is 3 to 4 ppm / ° C.
- the base material of the electrodes 5 to 7 electrically connected to the semiconductor chip 2 is made of copper, the thermal expansion coefficient of the electrodes 5 to 7 is 17 ppm / ° C.
- the form in which the press contact portions 5a to 7a of the electrodes 5 to 7 are connected to the heat sinks 3 and 4 is not a fixed connection but a contact connection. Therefore, the destruction of the connection portion where the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is connected to the lower heat radiating plate 3 is avoided.
- connection portion where the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 is connected to the upper heat sink 4 is avoided, and the connection portion where the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 is connected to the upper heat sink 4 is avoided. Destruction is also avoided. Therefore, the reliability of the connection between the heat sinks 3 and 4 and the electrodes 5 to 7 is increased.
- the form in which the press contact portions 5 a to 7 a of the electrodes 5 to 7 are connected to the semiconductor chip 2 is not a fixed connection but a contact connection, and the heat sinks 3 and 4 are pressed to the electrodes 5 to 7.
- the form in which the parts 5a to 7a are connected is not a fixed connection but a contact connection. For this reason, for example, when the semiconductor chip 2 is found to be defective after the semiconductor device 1 is assembled, the semiconductor chip 2 can be easily repaired.
- connection interface between the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 and the lower heat dissipation plate 3, the connection interface between the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the upper heat dissipation plate 4, and the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 The materials of the heat sinks 3 and 4 for reducing the stress generated at the connection interface with the upper heat sink 4 will be described with reference to Tables 1 and 2.
- Table 1 shows the thermal expansion coefficients ( ⁇ ) of SiC (silicon carbide), Al (aluminum), Cu (copper), and AlN (aluminum nitride).
- Case 1 in Table 2 shows the thermal expansion between the semiconductor chip and the electrode when the semiconductor chip material is SiC, the electrode base material is Cu or Al, and the heat sink base material is Cu or Al.
- a coefficient difference ( ⁇ 1) and a thermal expansion coefficient difference ( ⁇ 2) between the electrode and the heat sink are shown.
- Case 2 in Table 2 shows the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the semiconductor chip and the electrode when the semiconductor chip material is SiC, the electrode base material is Cu or Al, and the heat sink base material is AlN. ( ⁇ 1) and the difference in thermal expansion coefficient ( ⁇ 2) between the electrode and the heat sink are shown.
- the difference in thermal expansion coefficient ( ⁇ 1) between the semiconductor chip and the electrode is 13 to 17 ppm / ° C
- the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the electrode and the heat sink ( ⁇ 2). ) Is 0 to 3 ppm / ° C.
- the thermal expansion coefficient difference ( ⁇ 1) between the semiconductor chip and the electrode is 13 to 17 ppm / ° C., which is the same as in case 1.
- the difference in thermal expansion coefficient ( ⁇ 2) between the electrode and the heat radiating plate is 13 to 16 ppm / ° C., which is larger than that in the case 1.
- the base material of the electrode and the base material of the heat sink are both metals
- the base material of the electrode is metal and the base material of the heat sink is not metal. This is because it is an inorganic substance. Therefore, compared with the case 2, the stress generated in the case 1 due to the thermal expansion coefficient difference ⁇ 2 between the electrode and the heat sink is smaller. For this reason, it is preferable that both the base material of the lower radiator plate 3 and the base material of the upper radiator plate 4 are metals.
- FIG. 10A is a plan view schematically showing a configuration example of the pressure generating mechanism of this embodiment
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 10A does not show the upper radiator plate 4.
- the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B uses four screws 11 and four springs 12 as a pressure generating mechanism.
- the upper radiator plate 4 is formed with four holes 13 for passing the four screws 11.
- the four holes 13 are preferably formed at positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the center of the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- Screw holes 14 are cut in the lower radiator plate 3 at four locations corresponding to the four screw holes 13 formed in the upper radiator plate 4.
- a spring 12 is disposed between the upper end of each screw 11 and the upper radiator plate 4. With this configuration, when the four screws 11 are tightened, the lower radiator plate 3 and the upper radiator plate 4 are fixed and the semiconductor chip 2 is pressurized.
- the spring 12 a disc spring, a wave washer, or the like can be used.
- the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 disposed between the lower heat sink 3 and the semiconductor chip 2 causes the lower heat sink 3 and the semiconductor to move.
- Each chip 2 is press-bonded to each other.
- the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 disposed between the upper heat dissipation plate 4 and the semiconductor chip 2 are both pressure contact bonded to the upper heat dissipation plate 4 and the semiconductor chip 2, respectively. Is done. According to this configuration, it is possible to adjust the pressurizing force at four locations, and thus it is easy to adjust the pressure distribution. Therefore, the pressure generating mechanism shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B can create a highly accurate pressure distribution.
- the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 that are in contact with the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 it is preferable that a larger pressure is applied to the pressure contact portion having a larger area.
- 10A and 10B for example, the area of the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 located on the right side is larger than the area of the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 located on the left side.
- the screw 11b positioned on the right side is tightened more than the screw 11a positioned on the left side, and the pressure contact force generated by the spring 12b positioned on the right side is greater than the pressure contact force generated by the spring 12a positioned on the left side.
- the pressure contact force that press-bonds the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 having a relatively large area to the semiconductor chip 2 is the pressure contact force that press-contacts the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 that has a relatively small area to the semiconductor chip 2. Therefore, the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 through which a larger current than the third electrode 7 flows can be pressed into the semiconductor chip 2 more stably.
- FIG. 11A is a plan view showing an outline of another configuration example of the pressure generating mechanism of this embodiment. However, FIG. 11A does not show the upper radiator plate 4. Moreover, FIG. 11A has shown the clip 15 with the virtual line (two-dot chain line). 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 11A, and FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 11A.
- the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C uses one clip 15 as a pressure generating mechanism.
- the clip 15 includes a central portion 15a, two side portions 15b bent from both ends of the central portion 15a, and two sandwiching portions 15c bent from respective tips of the two side portions 15b.
- the clip 15 includes a leaf spring.
- the clip 15 is attached to the semiconductor device 1 such that the central portion 15a is in contact with the upper surface of the upper radiator plate 4 and the two sandwiched portions 15c are in contact with the lower surface of the lower radiator plate 3.
- the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the upper heat radiating plate 4 are biased by the leaf springs that form the clip 15 (tightening force). ) Is pressed and fixed.
- positioned between the lower heat sink 3 and the semiconductor chip 2 is press-contacted to each of the lower heat sink 3 and the semiconductor chip 2, and upper side
- the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 disposed between the heat dissipation plate 4 and the semiconductor chip 2 are both pressure contact bonded to the upper heat dissipation plate 4 and the semiconductor chip 2.
- the step portion 3 a provided on the lower surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 has a flat surface protruding so that contact between another heat radiating path and the lower heat radiating plate 3 is not obstructed by the clip 15.
- the step 3a makes it easier for the lower heat radiating plate 3 to come into contact with another heat radiating path, for example, heat radiating fins or graphite.
- the step portion 3 a of the lower heat radiating plate 3 also has a role of preventing the movement of the tip of the sandwiching portion 15 c due to the tightening force of the clip 15.
- a recess 3 b into which the side portion 15 b of the clip 15 enters is formed on the side wall of the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- a concave portion 4 b into which the side portion 15 b of the clip 15 enters is formed on the side wall of the upper heat radiating plate 4. Further, as shown in FIG. 11A, the protrusions 5b to 7b of the electrodes 5 to 7 are provided at predetermined positions that are out of the projection area of the clip 15, respectively.
- the pressure welding can be performed by one clip 15. Therefore, according to this configuration, the assembly of the semiconductor device 1 is simplified.
- the clip 15 may be attached to the semiconductor device 1 such that the central portion 15 a contacts the lower surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the two sandwiched portions 15 c contact the upper surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- a step portion is provided on the upper surface of the upper radiator plate 4. The step protrudes a flat surface so that the upper heat radiating plate 4 can easily come into contact with another heat radiating path such as a heat radiating fin or graphite.
- the step portion also has a role of preventing the movement of the tip of the sandwiching portion 15 c due to the tightening force of the clip 15.
- FIG. 12A is a plan view illustrating an outline of another configuration example (third specific example) of the pressure generation mechanism according to this embodiment. However, FIG. 12A does not show the upper radiator plate 4.
- 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 12A
- FIG. 12C is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 12A.
- FIG. 12B shows the clip 16 with a virtual line (two-dot chain line).
- the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIGS. 12A to 12C uses two clips 16 smaller than the clip 15 shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C as a pressure generating mechanism.
- the clip 16 includes a central portion 16a and two sandwiching portions 16b bent from both ends of the central portion 16a.
- the clip 16 includes a leaf spring.
- the pair of clips 16 are attached to predetermined both ends of the semiconductor device 1.
- the clip 16 has a central portion 16a facing the side wall of the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the side wall of the upper heat radiating plate 4, one sandwiched portion 16b contacting the lower surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3, and the other side.
- the sandwiching portion 16b is attached to the semiconductor device 1 so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the upper radiator plate 4. In this way, by attaching the plurality of clips 16 along one circumferential direction of the semiconductor device 1, the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the upper heat radiating plate 4 cause the urging force (clamping force) of the leaf spring that forms the clip 16. Pressurized and fixed.
- positioned between the lower heat sink 3 and the semiconductor chip 2 is press-contacted to each of the lower heat sink 3 and the semiconductor chip 2, and upper side
- the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 disposed between the heat dissipation plate 4 and the semiconductor chip 2 are both pressure contact bonded to the upper heat dissipation plate 4 and the semiconductor chip 2.
- the step portion 3 a provided on the lower surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 has a flat surface protruding so that contact between another heat radiating path and the lower heat radiating plate 3 is not obstructed by the clip 16.
- the step 3a makes it easier for the lower heat radiating plate 3 to come into contact with another heat radiating path, for example, heat radiating fins or graphite.
- the step 4a provided on the upper surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4 also projects a flat surface so that the upper heat radiating plate 4 can easily come into contact with another heat radiating path, for example, heat radiating fins or graphite.
- these step portions 3 a and 4 a also have a role of preventing the movement of the tip of the sandwiching portion 16 b due to the clamping force of the clip 16.
- the protruding portions 5b to 7b of the electrodes 5 to 7 are respectively provided at predetermined positions outside the projection area of each clip 16.
- the heat radiation performance of the semiconductor device 1 is improved because the surfaces of the heat radiation plates 3 and 4 are opened wider than when one clip is used.
- the surface of the heat sinks 3 and 4 is a surface opposite to the surface of the heat sinks 3 and 4 facing the semiconductor chip 2.
- the pair of clips 16 are preferably arranged along one circumferential direction of the semiconductor device 1 as shown in FIGS. 12A to 12C. However, the pair of clips 16 may be arranged along different circumferential directions of the semiconductor device 1.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another structural example of the semiconductor device 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the source electrode 8 and the gate electrode 9 are formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2. Therefore, two electrodes 6 and 7 connected to the source electrode 8 and the gate electrode 9 are disposed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the thicknesses of the pressure contact portions 6a and 7a of the two electrodes 6 and 7 are different, the pressure contact portion with the smaller thickness cannot be contact-bonded favorably with the semiconductor chip 2 and the upper radiator plate 4.
- the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 having a smaller area than the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 is larger than the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6.
- a buffer material 17 is disposed between the press-contact portion 7 a of the thinly formed third electrode 7 and the upper radiator plate 4. In this way, the buffer material 17 is disposed between the pressure contact portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 formed thin and the upper heat sink 4, so that the pressure contact portion of the second electrode 6 disposed on the source electrode 8. 6a and the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 disposed on the gate electrode 9 can be satisfactorily pressure-bonded to the semiconductor chip 2 and the upper radiator plate 4, respectively.
- the buffer material 17 for example, a heat-resistant polyimide resin thin film or the like can be used.
- a press contact portion having a smaller area is formed thinner than the other press contact portions. Is preferred. According to this configuration, the pressure contact portion having a larger area among the plurality of pressure contact portions directly contacts the heat radiating plate, so that it is possible to obtain a semiconductor device excellent in heat dissipation.
- FIG. 14A and FIG. 14 show another configuration for obtaining good contact bonding between the plurality of electrodes respectively connected to the plurality of surface electrodes formed on one main surface of the semiconductor chip 2 and the semiconductor chip 2.
- FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 14A.
- FIG. 14A does not show the upper radiator plate 4.
- the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B uses an electrode 18 with a spring as a third electrode that is electrically connected to the gate electrode 9 of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the spring-equipped electrode 18 includes a bottomed cylindrical portion (housing) 18a, a spring 18b, and a contact portion 18c.
- one end of the spring 18b is disposed on the bottom surface inside the cylindrical portion 18a, and the base end of the contact portion 18c is in contact with the other end of the spring 18b.
- tip of the contact part 18c protrudes from the open end of the cylinder part 18a.
- a winding spring or the like may be used as the spring 18b.
- at least the cylindrical portion 18a and the contact portion 18c are made of a metal having a good electrical conductivity, like the material of the third electrode 7.
- the spring-equipped electrode 18 is arranged such that the top of the contact portion 18 c contacts the gate electrode 9 of the semiconductor chip 2 when the upper heat sink 4 is disposed at a predetermined position above the semiconductor chip 2. 4 is fixed. Further, a part of the cylindrical portion 18 a protrudes from the upper surface of the upper radiator plate 4, similarly to the protruding portion 7 a of the third electrode 7 extending to the outside of the semiconductor device 1.
- the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 disposed on the source electrode 8 of the semiconductor chip 2 is formed between the semiconductor chip 2 and the upper radiator plate by the pressure generated by the pressure generating mechanism.
- the tip of the contact portion 18 c of the spring-loaded electrode 18 is favorably pressure-bonded to the gate electrode 9 of the semiconductor chip 2 by the urging force of the spring 18 b.
- the electrode 18 with a spring is preferably replaced with an electrode having a pressure contact portion having a smaller area among a plurality of electrodes respectively connected to a plurality of surface electrodes formed on one main surface of the semiconductor chip 2. is there.
- the press contact portion having a larger area among the plurality of press contact portions comes into contact with the heat radiating plate, so that it is possible to obtain a semiconductor device excellent in heat dissipation.
- an insulating layer may be formed on the heat sinks 3 and 4 as shown in FIGS.
- the insulating member 10 b may be embedded in the lower radiator plate 3, and the insulating members 10 c and 10 d may be embedded in the upper radiator plate 4.
- the insulating member 10 b is disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat sink 3, and the base portions of the insulating members 10 c and 10 d are disposed on the upper surface of the upper heat sink 4. May be.
- FIG. 17A is a plan view schematically showing another structural example of the semiconductor device 1 of the present embodiment
- FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 17A.
- FIG. 17A does not show the upper radiator plate 4.
- the direction in which the electrodes 5 to 7 are taken out of the semiconductor device 1 is the direction intersecting the upper heat sink 4.
- the direction in which the electrode electrically connected to the surface electrode of the semiconductor chip 2 is taken out of the semiconductor device 1 may be horizontal with respect to the semiconductor chip 2 as shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B.
- the protruding portions 5 b to 7 b of the electrodes 5 to 7 protrude to the outside of the semiconductor device 1 from the gap between the lower heat sink 3 and the upper heat sink 4. Therefore, since a larger area is ensured on the surface of the heat sinks 3 and 4, a semiconductor device with better heat dissipation can be obtained.
- the surfaces of the heat sinks 3 and 4 are opposite to the surface facing the semiconductor chip 2.
- the direction in which the protruding portions 5b to 7b of the electrodes 5 to 7 are taken out is not particularly limited. However, the direction in which the protrusions 6b and 7b of the plurality of electrodes 6 and 7 arranged on the same main surface of the semiconductor chip 2 are taken out is a direction in which the plurality of protrusions 6b and 7b do not contact each other. Is preferred.
- an insulating layer may be formed on the heat sinks 3 and 4 as shown in FIGS.
- the insulating member 10 b may be embedded in the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the insulating member 10 e may be embedded in the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the protrusions 5b to 7b of the electrodes 5 to 7 do not intersect with the upper radiator plate 4, the protrusions 5b to 7b of the electrodes 5 to 7 and the upper radiator plate 4 are insulated inside the upper radiator plate 4.
- the insulating member 10e embedded in the upper heat sink 4 has a shape corresponding to the base portion of the insulating member 10e in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the protrusions of the electrodes 5 to 7 extending in the horizontal direction are provided.
- An insulating element (insulating layer) 10f for insulating between the portions 5b to 7b and the heat sinks 3 and 4 is required. That is, the insulating element 10f insulates between the electrodes 5 to 7 extending in the horizontal direction and the heat sinks 3 and 4 outside the peripheral region of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the material of the insulating element 10f may be an inexpensive insulating inorganic material. Specifically, a mica sheet may be used as the material of the insulating element 10f.
- the insulating member 10 b is disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat sink 3, and the insulating member 10 e is the upper heat sink 4.
- the gap between the protruding portions 5b to 7b of the electrodes 5 to 7 and the upper heat sink 4 is provided inside the upper heat sink 4.
- the insulating member 10e disposed on the lower surface of the upper radiator plate 4 has a shape corresponding to the base portion of the insulating member 10e in FIG.
- an insulating element (insulating layer) may be provided.
- the vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 21 indicates the connection resistance value between the first surface electrode formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 and the first electrode 5 in contact with the first surface electrode, and the upper surface of the semiconductor chip.
- the sum of the connection resistance value of the second surface electrode and the second electrode 6 in contact with the second surface electrode and the resistance value of the semiconductor chip 2 is shown.
- the horizontal axis of the graph indicates the pressure (load) at which the pressure contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 having a relatively large area is pressure bonded to the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the pressure (load) at which the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 is pressure bonded to the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is preferably 0.5 MPa or more and less than 30 MPa.
- the second electrode 6 is disposed on a surface electrode through which a large current flows, for example, a source electrode, an emitter electrode, and an anode electrode, and is in contact with the surface electrode.
- FIG. 22A is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of one structural example of the semiconductor device 1 in which the area of the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is suitable, and the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 arranged on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is shown.
- An outline of an example of a structure in which the area is larger than the area of the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is shown.
- FIG. 22B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure example of the semiconductor device 1 in which the area of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is smaller than the area of the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 1 as a comparative example of the structure shown in FIG. 22A.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which a defect occurs in the semiconductor device 1.
- the area of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is larger than the area of the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2, and the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 protrudes from the outer periphery of the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2. Even if pressure is applied to the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 from the pressure contact portions 6a, 7a of the plurality of electrodes 6, 7, the pressure is stably received by the pressure contact portions 5a of the first electrode 5.
- the area of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is smaller than the area of the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2, and the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 protrudes from the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5.
- the semiconductor chip 2 may be destroyed by the pressure applied to the semiconductor chip 2 from the press contact portions 6a and 7a of the plurality of electrodes 6 and 7 disposed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the possibility that the semiconductor chip 2 is broken increases. For example, as shown in FIG.
- the heat generated from the semiconductor chip 2 is dissipated through the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5. Therefore, the structure in which the area of the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is larger than the area of the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 and the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is included in the region where the first electrode 5 is disposed is This is a preferable structure capable of improving the heat dissipation of the semiconductor device 1.
- FIG. 23 shows an enlarged interface between the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 and the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 that contacts the lower surface.
- the interface shown in FIG. 23 is an interface between the first surface electrode formed on the first main surface (lower surface) of the semiconductor chip 2 and the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5.
- the surface roughness of the portion of the first electrode 5 that contacts the semiconductor chip 2 is preferably rougher than the surface roughness of the portion of the semiconductor chip 2 that contacts the first electrode 5. That is, the surface roughness of the upper surface of the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 is preferably rougher than the surface roughness of the surface of the first surface electrode formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the surface roughness of the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 having a lower hardness than the first surface electrode formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is the surface of the first surface electrode formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the surface of the portion of the first electrode 5 that contacts the semiconductor chip 2 (first surface electrode) due to the sliding that occurs due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the semiconductor chip 2 and the first electrode 5 This is because the adhesiveness between the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 and the semiconductor chip 2 (first surface electrode) increases.
- the surface roughness of the portion of the first electrode 5 that contacts the semiconductor chip 2 is rougher than the surface roughness of the portion of the semiconductor chip 2 that contacts the first electrode 5, so that the semiconductor chip 2 and the first electrode 5 Better connection is obtained.
- FIG. 24A is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of another structural example of the semiconductor device 1 of the present embodiment.
- an upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 facing the first main surface (lower surface) of the semiconductor chip 2 is interposed between the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the semiconductor chip 2.
- positioned 1st electrode 5 fits partially may be formed.
- the recess 20 can be formed by, for example, counterboring.
- the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 1 includes a step of arranging the first electrode 5 on the upper surface of the lower heat sink 3.
- a part of the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 is accommodated in the recess 20 formed on the upper surface of the lower heat sink 3, so that the first electrode 5 is recessed in the lower heat sink 3. Retained. Therefore, the positional displacement of the first electrode 5 does not occur in the process after the first electrode 5 is disposed. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the semiconductor device 1 stably.
- the configuration in which the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 enters the recess 20 of the lower heat sink 3 is as shown in the figure so that the lower portion of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 enters the recess 20 of the lower heat sink 3. It is not limited to the structure to enter.
- a convex portion or a step portion is provided on the lower surface of the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5, and a concave portion in which only the convex portion or the step portion of the lower surface of the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 is accommodated is the lower heat sink. 3 may be formed.
- a recess in which the entire pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 is accommodated may be formed in the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- an insulating layer is formed on the heat sinks 3 and 4 as shown in FIGS. Also good.
- the insulating member 10b may be embedded in the lower heat sink 3 and the insulating member 10c and the insulating member 10d may be embedded in the upper heat sink 4 as in the semiconductor device 1 of FIG. .
- the insulating member (insulating layer) 10 b is formed in the shape of the first recess 20 in which the press contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 is partially accommodated, and is formed on the lower heat sink 3. It arrange
- the insulating member 10b formed in the shape of the first recess 20 can be created by machining such as cutting or grinding.
- the insulating member 10b formed into the shape of the first recess 20 can be formed by molding with a mold instead of machining.
- the insulating member 10 b is disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3 and insulated from the base portion of the insulating member 10 c on the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the base portion of the member 10d may be disposed.
- the insulating member (insulating layer) 10b has the shape of the first recess 20 in which the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is partially accommodated, and the lower side on which the second recess 21 is formed.
- the first recess 20 is disposed so as to be accommodated in the second recess 21.
- a first recess 20 in which the press contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 is partially accommodated is formed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- the insulating member 10b having the shape of the first recess 20 can be created by machining such as cutting or grinding.
- the insulating member 10b is made of ceramic, it is possible to form the insulating member 10b having the shape of the first recess 20 by molding with a mold instead of machining.
- a recess 22 in which the semiconductor chip 2 is partially accommodated may be formed on the upper surface of the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 facing the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the concave portion 22 of the first electrode 5 can also be formed by, for example, counterboring similarly to the concave portion 20 of the lower heat radiating plate 3.
- the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 1 includes a step of disposing the semiconductor chip 2 on the upper surface of the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5.
- a part of the semiconductor chip 2 is accommodated in the recess 22 formed on the upper surface of the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5, whereby the semiconductor chip 2 is held in the recess 22 of the first electrode 5.
- the semiconductor chip 2 is not misaligned in the process after the semiconductor chip 2 is arranged. Therefore, a stable semiconductor device can be manufactured.
- the configuration in which the semiconductor chip 2 partially enters the recess 22 of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is such that the lower portion of the semiconductor chip 2 enters the recess 22 of the press contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 as illustrated. It is not limited to the configuration.
- a convex portion or a step portion is provided on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2, and a concave portion in which only the convex portion or the step portion on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is formed is formed on the upper surface of the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5. May be.
- an insulating layer is formed on the heat sinks 3 and 4 as shown in FIGS. May be.
- the insulating member 10b may be embedded in the lower heat radiating plate 3
- the insulating member 10c and the insulating member 10d may be embedded in the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- the insulating member 10b is disposed on the upper surface of the lower heat radiating plate 3, and the base portion of the insulating member 10c and the insulating member are disposed on the lower surface of the upper heat radiating plate 4.
- a base portion of 10d may be arranged.
- an insulating resin material may be applied around the semiconductor chip 2 in order to increase insulation and moisture resistance reliability.
- a resin made of silicone, a resin made of polyimide, or the like can be used as the resin material.
- a polyimide resin is preferable as a resin material for coating the periphery of the semiconductor chip 2 because it has heat resistance. With this insulating resin material, electrical continuity does not occur between the surface electrodes of the semiconductor chip 2 and between the plurality of electrodes 5 to 7 that are in contact with the plurality of surface electrodes of the semiconductor chip 2, respectively. Is possible.
- the insulating resin material should not be applied between the electrodes 5 to 7 and the heat radiating plates 3 and 4 serving as the main path for heat dissipation.
- the insulating resin material is not applied to the main path of heat dissipation, it is possible to select the resin material applied around the semiconductor chip 2 without considering the thermal conductivity, and as a result, It becomes possible to select a resin material having higher heat resistance.
- the resin material applied around the semiconductor chip 2 does not need a function of fixing the electrodes 5 to 7 to the semiconductor chip 2 or fixing the electrodes 5 to 7 to the heat sinks 3 and 4. Therefore, as a resin material applied around the semiconductor chip 2, it is possible to use a resin that becomes a gel after application, or a resin that becomes a thin film with a thickness of 1 to 100 ⁇ m after application.
- FIGS. 27 to 32 show structural examples of the semiconductor device 1 to which the insulating resin 23a that becomes gel after application is applied
- FIG. 27 to FIG. 29 show structural examples of the semiconductor device 1 to which the insulating resin 23b that becomes thin after application is applied.
- 30 to 32 As shown in FIGS. 27 to 32, the insulating resins 23a and 23b are applied to a place other than between the electrodes 5 to 7 and the heat radiating plates 3 and 4 serving as a main path for heat dissipation.
- the press contact portions 5a to 7a of the electrodes 5 to 7 are compared with the resin that is cured and solidified after application. Relative sliding (sliding) between the semiconductor chip 2, relative sliding (sliding) between the pressure contact portion 5 a of the first electrode 5 and the lower heat sink 3, and pressure contacting portion 6 a of the second electrode 6. The relative sliding (sliding) between the upper heat sink 4 and the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 and the upper heat sink 4 are not inhibited by the applied resin.
- the stress generated at the connection interface between the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the upper heat dissipation plate 4 and the stress generated at the connection interface between the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 and the upper heat dissipation plate 4 are alleviated. Is possible.
- the electrodes 5 to 7 are fixed to the semiconductor chip 2 or the electrodes 5 to 7 are fixed to the heat sinks 3 and 4 to a resin material applied around the semiconductor chip 2.
- the function to do is not necessary.
- the choice of the resin material applied around the semiconductor chip 2 increases, and it becomes possible to select a resin material having higher heat resistance.
- the electrodes 5 to 7 are fixed to the semiconductor chip 2 or the electrodes 5 to 7 are fixed to the heat sinks 3 and 4 to a resin material applied around the semiconductor chip 2. Therefore, the resin material applied around the semiconductor chip 2 does not need to maintain strength after application. Therefore, when the insulating resin 23b that becomes a thin film after application is selected, the insulating resin 23b only needs to be applied in an amount necessary for insulation, so that the resin material applied around the semiconductor chip 2 is reduced. This makes it possible to reduce costs.
- the electrodes arranged on one main surface of the semiconductor chip are arranged on the other main surface of the semiconductor chip.
- the protrusion 5b of the first electrode 5 disposed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2 and the protrusion 6b of the second electrode 6 disposed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 are in the same direction.
- the protruding part 5b of the first electrode 5 and the protruding part 6b of the second electrode 6 it is preferable to provide an insulating element 24 between the two.
- the insulating element 24 insulates the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 extending in the same direction outside the peripheral region of the semiconductor chip 2.
- the material of the insulating element 24 may be an inexpensive insulating inorganic material having higher heat resistance. Specifically, a mica sheet may be used as the material of the insulating element 24.
- the structure of the semiconductor device 1 described above is a simple heat dissipation structure in which heat generated from the semiconductor chip 2 escapes directly to the lower heat dissipation plate 3 through the first electrode 5 disposed on the lower surface of the semiconductor chip 2. ing. That is, the structure of the semiconductor device 1 is a structure in which many constituent materials are not disposed between the semiconductor chip 2 and the heat sink. Further, an insulating resin having poor thermal conductivity is not applied (arranged) between the semiconductor chip 2 and the heat sink. Therefore, the structure of the semiconductor device 1 is excellent in heat dissipation of heat generated from the semiconductor chip 2.
- the semiconductor device 1 described above also uses a structure in which the heat generated from the semiconductor chip 2 escapes directly to the upper radiator plate 4 via the electrodes arranged on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2. Therefore, the structure of the semiconductor device 1 is a structure with better heat dissipation.
- FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view showing the outline of an example of the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- step S1 a base material of the lower heat radiating plate 3 in which the second recess 21 is formed in advance is prepared.
- the second recess 21 can be formed by, for example, counterboring.
- step S2 an insulating layer 10a made of an inorganic material is formed with a constant thickness on the upper surface of the base material of the lower heat sink 3 in which the second recess 21 is formed. Thereby, the 1st recessed part 20 is formed in the surface of the insulating layer 10a.
- the insulating layer 10a As a method of forming the insulating layer 10a, for example, there is a method of forming an anodized film by anodizing treatment.
- an anodic oxide film (alumite) of aluminum is formed as the insulating layer 10a.
- a diamond thin film may be formed as the insulating layer 10a by sputtering, vapor deposition, or CVD.
- a ceramic layer may be formed by ceramic spraying as the insulating layer 10a.
- the ceramic material is preferably AlN (aluminum nitride) with good thermal conductivity.
- step S3 an excess portion of the insulating layer 10a is removed.
- the insulating layer 10 a remains only on the inner surface of the second recess 21, and the upper surface of the base material of the lower heat radiating plate 3 is exposed except for the second recess 21.
- the upper end of the insulating layer 10 a remaining on the inner surface of the second recess 21 is flush with the upper surface of the base material of the lower heat sink 3.
- Unnecessary portions of the insulating layer 10a can be removed by grinding, for example. Alternatively, a portion where the insulating layer 10a is unnecessary may be masked in advance, and then the insulating layer 10a may be formed.
- an insulating member formed into a predetermined shape by machining such as cutting or grinding is disposed in the second recess 21 of the base material of the lower heat radiating plate 3, whereby the second recess 21
- An insulating layer may be formed.
- the insulating member for example, ceramic or the like is used.
- the first electrode 5 is disposed on the lower heat sink 3 by, for example, a component mounter facility. Specifically, the first electrode 5 is disposed on the first recess 20 of the insulating layer 10a. Thereby, the press-contact part 5a of the 1st electrode 5 fits partially in the 1st recessed part 20 of the insulating layer 10a. Therefore, the position of the first electrode 5 is maintained.
- step S5 a plurality of first jigs 25 used for positioning the semiconductor chip 2 to be arranged in the next step (step S6) are arranged at predetermined positions by a gripping means (not shown), and the arrangement is performed. Held in place. Specifically, the plurality of first jigs 25 are held so as to surround a region or space where the semiconductor chip 2 is to be arranged.
- step S6 the semiconductor chip 2 is placed on the first electrode 5 by, for example, a component mounter facility. Specifically, the semiconductor chip 2 is disposed in a space or region surrounded by the plurality of first jigs 25.
- the first jig 25 holds the position of the semiconductor chip 2 after the semiconductor chip 2 is arranged.
- FIG. 33 shows a state in which the semiconductor chip 2 is sandwiched by a plurality of first jigs 25 along one direction.
- the number and arrangement positions of the first jigs 25 are not particularly limited. It is only necessary that the position of the semiconductor chip 2 is held by the first jig 25 and that the first jig 25 can be retracted from the semiconductor device 1 in a later process.
- step S7 a plurality of second jigs 26 used for positioning the second electrode 6 and the third electrode 7 disposed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 in the next step (step S8) are not shown. It is placed at a predetermined position by the gripping means and held at the place where it is placed. Specifically, the plurality of second jigs 26 are held so as to surround each region or each space where the press contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the press contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 are respectively arranged.
- step S8 the second electrode 6 and the third electrode 7 are disposed on the semiconductor chip 2 by, for example, a component mounter facility.
- the press contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the press contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 are arranged in each space or each region surrounded by the plurality of second jigs 26, respectively.
- the second jig 26 holds the positions of the second electrode 6 and the third electrode 7 after the second electrode 6 and the third electrode 7 are arranged.
- FIG. 33 shows a state in which the press contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the press contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 are sandwiched by a plurality of second jigs 26 along one direction.
- the number and arrangement positions of the second jigs 26 are not particularly limited. It is only necessary that the position of the electrode disposed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2 is held by the second jig 26 and that the second jig 26 can be retracted from the semiconductor device 1 in a later process.
- the upper radiator plate 4 which is an example of a pressure contact member, is disposed on the upper surfaces of the pressure contact portions 6a and 7a of the electrodes 6 and 7, for example, by a component mounter facility.
- the protruding portions of the electrodes 5 to 7 extending in the vertical direction are respectively inserted into the holes formed in the upper radiator plate 4 in advance.
- FIG. 33 only the protrusion 7b of the third electrode 7 is shown.
- the upper surfaces of the pressure contact portions 6 a and 7 a of the electrodes 6 and 7 are in contact with the insulating layer 10 a formed on the upper radiator plate 4.
- the lower heat radiating plate 3 and the upper heat radiating plate 4 are pressurized toward the semiconductor chip 2 by a pressure generating mechanism (not shown), and the pressurized state is maintained.
- a pressure generating mechanism (not shown)
- the pressure contact portion 5a of the first electrode 5 is pressure-bonded to the lower heat sink 3 and the semiconductor chip 2
- the pressure contact portion 6a of the second electrode 6 and the pressure contact portion 7a of the third electrode 7 are both
- the semiconductor chip 2 and the upper heat radiating plate 4 are pressure bonded to each other.
- pressurization by the pressure generating mechanism is performed so that a pressure of 0.5 MPa or more and less than 30 MPa is applied to the press contact portion 6 a of the second electrode 6 disposed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip 2.
- a pressure generation mechanism a combination of a screw and a spring, a clip, or the like may be used.
- step S10 the first jig 25 and the second jig 26 are removed in the horizontal direction with respect to the semiconductor chip 2 by gripping means (not shown).
- the second jig 26 that holds the position of the electrode disposed on the upper surface (second main surface) of the semiconductor chip 2 may be removed in the vertical direction with respect to the semiconductor chip 2.
- an opening through which the second jig 26 can pass needs to be formed in the upper radiator plate 4.
- the first jig 25 that holds the position of the semiconductor chip 2 may also be removed in the vertical direction, like the second jig 24.
- FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view by process showing an outline of another example of the method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 34 differs from the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 33 only in that step S3 of the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 33, that is, the step of removing unnecessary portions of the insulating layer 10a is omitted.
- the semiconductor device 1 having a structure different from the structure manufactured by the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 34 and FIG. 33 can also be manufactured by the same manufacturing process as the manufacturing process shown in FIG. .
- the semiconductor device and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention can provide a semiconductor device with high reliability of connection between a semiconductor chip and an electrode disposed on the semiconductor chip, and a power module having a large temperature range of the semiconductor chip (large This is useful for power semiconductor devices.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 第1の主面とその第1の主面とは反対側の第2の主面を持つ半導体チップと、
前記第1の主面に対向配置された放熱板と、
前記第1の主面と前記放熱板との間に配置されて、前記半導体チップに電気的に接続する第1電極と、
前記第2の主面に対向配置された圧接部材と、
前記第2の主面と前記圧接部材との間に配置されて、前記半導体チップに電気的に接続する第2電極と、
前記放熱板と前記半導体チップのそれぞれに前記第1電極を圧接させ、かつ前記圧接部材と前記半導体チップのそれぞれに前記第2電極を圧接させる圧力を発生させる圧力発生機構と、
を備える半導体装置。 - 前記第1電極の前記半導体チップに接触する部分の表面粗さが、前記半導体チップの前記第1電極に接触する部分の表面粗さよりも粗い請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記放熱板と前記第1電極との間を絶縁するための絶縁要素をさらに備え、
前記放熱板の材料が銅またはアルミニウムである
請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1電極が、前記半導体チップの前記第1の主面に対向する面を持ち、その前記第1の主面に対向する前記第1電極の面の面積が、前記第1の主面の面積よりも大きく、
前記第1の主面に対向する前記第1電極の面に投影された前記第1の主面の外周から、前記第1の主面に対向する前記第1電極の面がはみ出すように、前記半導体チップが配置されている
請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記放熱板が、前記半導体チップの前記第1の主面側に開口する第1凹部を持ち、
前記第1の主面と前記放熱板との間に配置される前記第1電極の少なくとも一部が、前記1凹部に入り込んでいる
請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1電極が、前記半導体チップの前記第1の主面側に開口する第2凹部を持ち、
前記第2凹部に前記半導体チップの一部が入り込んでいる
請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記圧接部材が第2の放熱板である請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2の放熱板と前記第2電極との間を絶縁するための絶縁要素をさらに備え、
前記第2の放熱板の材料が銅またはアルミニウムである
請求項7記載の半導体装置。 - 前記放熱板の材料がダイヤモンドまたはセラミックである請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記放熱板の材料が、窒化アルミニウム、窒化珪素またはアルミナである請求項9記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2の放熱板の材料がダイヤモンドまたはセラミックである請求項7記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2の放熱板の材料が、窒化アルミニウム、窒化珪素またはアルミナである請求項11記載の半導体装置。
- 前記圧接部材と前記半導体チップとの間の、前記第2電極とは異なる場所に配置されて、前記半導体チップに電気的に接続するとともに、前記圧力発生機構によって、前記圧接部材と前記半導体チップのそれぞれに圧接される第3電極をさらに備え、
前記第2電極に付与される圧力が、前記第3電極に付与される圧力よりも大きくなるように、前記圧力発生機構が圧力を発生させる
請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体チップが、表面電極として、前記第2の主面に形成されたエミッタ電極、ソース電極またはアノード電極を持ち、
前記第2電極が、前記エミッタ電極、ソース電極またはアノード電極に電気的に接続し、
前記圧力発生機構によって前記第2電極に付与される圧力が、0.5MPa以上かつ30MPa未満である
請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 放熱板上に第1電極を配置する工程と、
前記第1電極上に半導体チップを配置する工程と、
前記半導体チップ上に第2電極を配置する工程と、
前記第2電極上に圧接部材を配置する工程と、
前記放熱板および前記圧接部材から前記半導体チップへ向けて圧力を付与して、前記第1電極を前記半導体チップに圧接するとともに、前記第2電極を前記半導体チップに圧接する工程と、
を具備する半導体装置の製造方法。
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JP6323325B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-21 | 2018-05-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 半導体装置、半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP6344215B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-21 | 2018-06-20 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置及びパワーモジュール |
JP6112130B2 (ja) | 2015-03-25 | 2017-04-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 静電ノズル、吐出装置及び半導体モジュールの製造方法 |
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CN108701667B (zh) * | 2016-06-20 | 2020-08-28 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | 半导体设备子组件 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2816594A4 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
US20140231981A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
CN103843132A (zh) | 2014-06-04 |
JPWO2013121691A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
US9076752B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 |
EP2816594A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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