WO2013077266A1 - 熱反応型レジスト材料、モールドの製造方法、モールド、現像方法およびパターン形成材料 - Google Patents
熱反応型レジスト材料、モールドの製造方法、モールド、現像方法およびパターン形成材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013077266A1 WO2013077266A1 PCT/JP2012/079784 JP2012079784W WO2013077266A1 WO 2013077266 A1 WO2013077266 A1 WO 2013077266A1 JP 2012079784 W JP2012079784 W JP 2012079784W WO 2013077266 A1 WO2013077266 A1 WO 2013077266A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/38—Treatment before imagewise removal, e.g. prebaking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
- B29C33/3857—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/45—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on copper oxide or solid solutions thereof with other oxides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0042—Photosensitive materials with inorganic or organometallic light-sensitive compounds not otherwise provided for, e.g. inorganic resists
- G03F7/0043—Chalcogenides; Silicon, germanium, arsenic or derivatives thereof; Metals, oxides or alloys thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/30—Imagewise removal using liquid means
- G03F7/32—Liquid compositions therefor, e.g. developers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/30—Imagewise removal using liquid means
- G03F7/32—Liquid compositions therefor, e.g. developers
- G03F7/322—Aqueous alkaline compositions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/26—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
- G11B7/261—Preparing a master, e.g. exposing photoresist, electroforming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
- B29C2059/023—Microembossing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/42—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the shape of the moulding surface, e.g. ribs or grooves
- B29C33/424—Moulding surfaces provided with means for marking or patterning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0017—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor for the production of embossing, cutting or similar devices; for the production of casting means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
- G11B7/14—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam specially adapted to record on, or to reproduce from, more than one track simultaneously
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat-reactive resist material, a mold manufacturing method, a mold, a developing method, and a pattern forming material.
- the heat-reactive resist material used for fine pattern processing a material having high dry etching resistance and capable of controlling the pattern size such as uniform unevenness and line shape has been disclosed by the present inventors (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the present inventors have disclosed that amino acids, chelating agents, and the like are used as a developer used in such an exposure / development process of a resist material (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object thereof is to provide a heat-reactive resist material capable of controlling a fine pattern, a mold manufacturing method, a mold, a developing method, and a pattern forming material.
- the thermal reaction type resist material of the present invention is a thermal reaction type resist material containing copper oxide and silicon or silicon oxide, and the content of the silicon or the silicon oxide in the thermal reaction type resist material is as follows: It is 4.0 mol% or more and less than 10.0 mol% in terms of silicon mole.
- the mold manufacturing method of the present invention is a manufacturing method for manufacturing a mold having a concavo-convex shape on the surface of a substrate using the above-described heat-reactive resist material of the present invention, wherein the heat is applied on the substrate.
- the developing method of the present invention is a developing method for developing the heat-reactive resist material of the present invention described above, and a heat-reactive resist layer is formed on the substrate using the heat-reactive resist material.
- the developer is a glycine solution or a mixed solution of glycine and ammonium oxalate. It is characterized by being.
- the pattern forming material of the present invention is characterized by comprising a combination of the above-described heat-reactive resist material of the present invention and a developer comprising a glycine solution or a mixed solution of glycine and ammonium oxalate.
- the addition of an optimal amount of silicon or silicon oxide improves the resist pattern roughness (pattern disturbance) and improves the heating. It is possible to provide a heat-reactive resist material that is excellent in manufacturing stability, such as a development difference between a part and an unheated part, and a mold manufacturing method, mold, development method, and pattern forming material using the same. Can be provided.
- the thermal reaction type resist material according to an embodiment of the present invention includes copper oxide and silicon or silicon oxide, and the amount of silicon or silicon oxide added to the copper oxide is 4 in terms of mole of silicon. 0.0 mol% or more and less than 10.0 mol%.
- copper oxide which is a constituent element of this heat-reactive resist material, changes due to heat such as exposure, a difference in development speed between the heated portion and the unheated portion of the developer can be made, and a pattern can be formed.
- copper oxide alone in which no silicon or silicon oxide is added
- crystallization of copper oxide proceeds by heat such as exposure, and coarse particles of copper oxide are formed.
- silicon or silicon oxide is added as an additive for suppressing crystallization of copper oxide.
- silicon or silicon oxide is almost incompatible with copper oxide, the crystallization of copper oxide can be suppressed by the pinning effect, whereby the formation of coarse particles can be suppressed.
- silicon or silicon oxide is optimal as an additive for suppressing crystallization of copper oxide.
- the amount of silicon or silicon oxide added to suppress crystallization of copper oxide is 4.0 mol% or more, preferably 4.5 mol% or more, more preferably 5.5 mol% or more, and most preferably 6 mol%. 0.5 mol% or more.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of silicon added and the particle size of copper oxide.
- the crystal particle diameter of copper oxide monotonously decreases when the addition amount of silicon or silicon oxide is 0 to 4.0 mol%. Therefore, what is necessary is just to select the addition amount of a silicon
- silicon or silicon oxide is added in an amount of 4.0 mol% or more, the crystal particle diameter of copper oxide does not change so much, so there is no problem even if it is added in a large amount. Absent.
- the addition amount of silicon or silicon oxide necessary for suppressing reoxidation of cuprous oxide is 0.01 mol% or more, preferably 0.5 mol% or more, more preferably 1.0 mol% or more. is there. That is, the effect of suppressing reoxidation can be sufficiently exhibited by the amount of silicon or silicon oxide added for suppressing crystallization.
- the amount of silicon or silicon oxide added is less than 10.0 mol%, preferably 9.5 mol% or less, more preferably 9.0 mol% or less, and most preferably 8.5 mol% or less.
- the index of the development difference can be expressed as a selection ratio (a value obtained by dividing the development speed of the heated part by the development speed of the unheated part). The larger the selection ratio, the better the production stability.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the particle diameter of copper oxide and the development selectivity with respect to the amount of silicon added. As can be seen from FIG. 2, when the amount of silicon or silicon oxide added exceeds 10 mol%, the selectivity tends to decrease. For this reason, the selection ratio is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and most preferably 20 or more.
- the thermal reaction type resist material according to the present embodiment is constituted because the pattern roughness of the resist is good and the development difference between the heated part and the unheated part is large and the production stability is excellent.
- the amount of silicon or silicon oxide added to copper oxide is 4.0 mol% or more and less than 10.0 mol%, preferably 4.5 mol% or more and 9.5 mol% or less, more preferably 5.5 mol%. % Or more and 9.0 mol% or less, and most preferably 6.5 mol% or more and 8.5 mol% or less.
- the preferable range of the addition amount of silicon or silicon oxide and the reason thereof will be described in detail.
- a lower limit it can suppress crystallization of copper oxide and can suppress reoxidation of cuprous oxide by being 4.0 mol% or more.
- the particle size of copper oxide does not change so much. Therefore, in order to effectively reduce the particle diameter, it is preferable to add 4.0 mol% or more of silicon or silicon oxide.
- the particle diameter tends to be gradually decreased with some variation. It is expected that the variation in the particle diameter is caused by the distribution of silicon in silicon oxide or the dispersion state of silicon oxide. Therefore, it is preferable that the amount of silicon or silicon oxide to be added is large in order to further reduce the particle diameter or to make uniform the distribution of silicon or silicon oxide in the copper oxide.
- the upper limit is less than 10 mol%, it is possible to suppress the phenomenon in which the development difference gradually decreases between the heated part and the unheated part. That is, in the development selection ratio, a selection ratio of 20 or more can be obtained. By obtaining a development selection ratio of 20 or more, the production stability is excellent, and therefore a wide management window can be set, so that it is excellent in reproducibility and is very effective when developing a large area.
- the amount of silicon or silicon oxide added is preferably 4.0 mol% or more and 8.5 mol% or less.
- the addition amount of silicon or silicon oxide is preferably 6.5 mol% or more and less than 10.0 mol%.
- the addition amount of silicon or silicon oxide is preferably 6.5 mol% or more and 8.5 mol% or less.
- the thermal reaction type resist material of the present invention contains copper oxide and silicon or silicon oxide, in other words, contains copper oxide and silicon, or contains copper oxide and silicon oxide.
- the degree of oxidation of the added silicon is characterized by a range from 0 to 2.
- silicon having a lower degree of oxidation than a complete oxide that is, silicon oxide will be described.
- silicon oxide can exist in a state where oxygen is lost from the crystal structure of the complete oxide, but when the degree of oxidation is lower, the crystal structure is maintained. In general, it is often present as a mixture of silicon and silicon oxide.
- the silicon oxide of the present invention includes a case where the degree of oxidation is low, that is, a mixture of silicon and silicon oxide. Therefore, even if copper oxide, silicon, and silicon oxide are mixed, there is no problem as long as the amount of silicon is within the above range.
- the unit mol% indicating the range of the addition amount of silicon or silicon oxide is a value obtained by dividing the number of moles of silicon (Si) by the total number of moles of copper (Cu) and silicon (Si). It is a written value.
- at% exists as a notation method other than mol%. At% is a unit indicating a percentage of the number of atoms, but in this application, mol% and at% have the same meaning.
- the heat-reactive resist material according to the present embodiment it is preferable that copper oxide and silicon or a part of silicon oxide interact with each other.
- the presence or absence of interaction can be confirmed by observing the binding energy of 2P of Si by XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) analysis.
- XPS X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- the binding energy of 2P of Si in silicon alone and silicon oxide alone is observed in the vicinity of 99.5 eV and 103.5 eV, respectively.
- the binding energy is observed in the vicinity of 100.0 to 102.5 eV.
- the observed 2P bond energy of Si is the bond energy between silicon and silicon oxide, suggesting the possibility of silicon suboxide.
- SiOx (1 ⁇ X ⁇ 2) can usually exist only in a gas at a high temperature, it does not agree with the observation result of a thin film at room temperature. Therefore, it is considered that this shift in binding energy suggests that silicon atoms interact with copper oxide. Therefore, the XPS analysis can confirm that the heat-reactive resist material according to this embodiment is preferable as the heat-reactive resist material because copper oxide and silicon or a part of silicon oxide interact with each other. .
- the film thickness of the thin film made of the heat-reactive resist material according to the present embodiment is preferably 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less. Heating of the heat-reactive resist material is achieved by the light such as exposure being absorbed by the heat-reactive resist material and changing to heat. Therefore, in order to achieve heating, it is necessary for the heat-reactive resist material to absorb light, and the amount of light absorption greatly depends on the film thickness.
- the film thickness of the thin film made of the heat-reactive resist material of the present invention is preferably 10 nm or more. Even when the film thickness is small, the light absorption amount can be supplemented by arranging a light absorption layer or the like above and / or below the thin film made of the heat-reactive resist material.
- the thickness of the thin film made of the heat-reactive resist material is 50 nm or less, it is easier to ensure uniformity in the film thickness direction by exposure. That is, not only the depth direction but also the processing accuracy of the fine pattern in the film surface direction is preferable.
- the thickness of the thin film made of the heat-reactive resist material is 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and most preferably 20 nm or more and 30 nm or less.
- the developer for the heat-reactive resist material is a glycine solution or a mixed solution of glycine and ammonium oxalate.
- This developer is prepared by mixing only the heating part from the state where the heated part in which the cupric oxide in the heat-reactive resist material is heated by exposure or the like and thermally decomposed into cuprous oxide and the unheated part are mixed. It can be dissolved selectively. That is, it is possible to selectively dissolve copper oxide having a small valence from a state where copper oxides having different valences are mixed.
- the solvent used in the developer is not particularly limited as long as glycine and ammonium oxalate, which are developer components, are appropriately dissolved, but water is preferably used from the viewpoints of solubility, safety, versatility, and cost.
- the reaction mechanism of development is that the developer components such as glycine and ammonium oxalate in the developer move to the copper oxide surface, which is a heat-reactive resist material, and then chelate on the copper oxide solid surface, and finally generate Proceeds when objects are detached.
- the selectivity has the greatest effect on the solid-liquid reaction rate between the copper oxide surface and the developer component. The greater the difference in the reaction rate in the reaction with copper oxide of different valence, the higher the selectivity. Become. When glycine is used as the developer, the reaction with cuprous oxide is fast, but the reaction with cuprous dioxide is very slow, so that good selectivity can be obtained.
- glycine since the chelation reaction between glycine and copper oxide is a rate-limiting reaction, the influence of the speed of the developer component transfer and the product desorption is reduced, and high uniformity can be obtained at the same time. As such a developer component having high selectivity / homogeneity, amino acids are excellent. However, in addition to selectivity, glycine is most excellent from the viewpoints of solubility in water, versatility and cost. Further, as an advantage of using glycine, which is an amino acid, it has a carboxyl group and an amino group in the same molecule, and therefore, there is a small fluctuation in pH due to a buffering action. If the pH is too acidic or too basic, copper oxide dissolves due to the influence of acid and base, which not only leads to a decrease in selectivity but also to obtain a good fine pattern shape. Becomes difficult.
- the concentration of the glycine solution as the developer is preferably 0.01% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less. If it is 0.01% or more, a desired development speed can be obtained, which is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity. Further, if it exceeds 10%, there is no particular problem, but if it exceeds 10%, no significant change is observed in the reaction rate. Therefore, considering the cost, 10% or less is preferable.
- the reaction rate tends to be flat when the addition amount exceeds 10%.
- a chelating agent for controlling the reaction rate, ammonium oxalate is excellent in view of solubility in water, versatility, cost, etc. while having high selectivity. That is, in the region where the reaction rate is low, the reaction rate can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of glycine, and in the region where the reaction rate is high, the reaction rate can be adjusted by appropriately adding ammonium oxalate to the glycine solution.
- the proportion of ammonium oxalate is preferably higher. From the above viewpoint, the proportion of ammonium oxalate is preferably 0.01% by weight or more and not more than the concentration of glycine.
- the temperature at which the developer acts on the resist can be arbitrarily set so long as it avoids a range in which the developer is frozen, boiled, volatilized at a rate at which the concentration changes extremely, or a component or resist in the developer is decomposed.
- the reaction rate is high and unreacted regions are easily dissolved, but a fine pattern can be formed without any problem by appropriately shortening the development time.
- the reaction rate is low in a low temperature range, and the development time required until a desired shape is obtained increases. However, if development is performed for a long time, a fine pattern can be formed without any problem.
- the temperature range is preferably 10 ° C. or more and 50 ° C. or less, more preferably 15 ° C. or more and 40 ° C. or less, and 20 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. in consideration of production stability, ease of implementation in production, productivity, and the like. The following are most preferred.
- the pH is generally 1 or more and 11 or less depending on the glycine or ammonium oxalate used, but the pH is preferably 3.50 or more, preferably 4.00 or more, and 4.50 or more. More preferably, it is particularly preferably 6.00 or more.
- the pH is less than 3.50, the progress of etching other than the complex formation reaction becomes remarkable, and the desired selectivity may not be obtained.
- the pattern forming material it is possible to form a fine pattern with very high resolution and to be stable with high productivity. Pattern formation is possible.
- the pattern forming material of the present invention includes a heat-reactive resist material containing copper oxide and 4.0 mol% or more and less than 10.0 mol% of silicon or silicon oxide as an additive, and a glycine solution or glycine and Shu. It is preferably composed of a combination with a developer composed of a mixed solution with ammonium acid.
- pattern formation using the heat-reactive resist material of the present invention should be carried out in either a positive type (the heated part is dissolved in the developer) or a negative type (the unheated part is dissolved in the developer).
- a positive type when the heating part is decomposed, the decomposed part can be dissolved in the developer to form a pattern.
- the negative type a pattern can be formed by utilizing crystal growth that occurs when heating is performed to such an extent that copper oxide does not cause decomposition. That is, the unheated portion where the crystal growth has not progressed so much is dissolved by the developer, and the heated portion where the crystal growth has progressed is resistant to the developer so that a pattern can be formed.
- a positive or negative pattern can be formed by controlling the amount of heat applied.
- Step (1) A thermal reaction type resist layer is formed on a substrate.
- Step (2) After exposing the heat-reactive resist layer, development is performed with a developer composed of a glycine solution or a mixed solution of glycine and ammonium oxalate.
- Step (3) Using the heat-reactive resist after development as a mask, the substrate is dry-etched using a fluorocarbon gas to form a fine pattern.
- Step (4) The heat-reactive resist is removed to produce a mold.
- thermally reactive resist materials can be processed with fine patterns on the order of several tens of nanometers. Therefore, depending on the size of the fine pattern, the film thickness distribution of the thermally reactive resist material during film formation and surface irregularities can have a significant effect. It is possible. Therefore, in order to reduce these effects as much as possible, film formation methods such as sputtering, vapor deposition, and CVD are more difficult than film formation methods such as coating methods and spray methods, which are somewhat difficult to control film thickness uniformity. It is preferable to form a heat-reactive resist material.
- the heat-reactive resist layer can be provided with a heat dissipation design as necessary.
- the heat dissipation design is designed when heat needs to be released from the heat-reactive resist material as soon as possible.
- the heat radiation design is performed when the reaction by heat proceeds in a wider area than the spot shape of the heat reaction by exposure due to heat generation.
- the heat dissipation design has a laminated structure in which a material with higher thermal conductivity than air is formed above the thermal reaction type resist material, or a material with higher thermal conductivity than the base material is formed below the thermal reaction type resist material. This is possible by taking a filmed laminated structure.
- the development method includes an exposure process in which the copper oxide constituting the thermal reaction type resist material is thermally decomposed, and a developer is supplied to the thermal reaction type resist layer to remove the thermally decomposed copper oxide from the thermal reaction type resist layer. Developing step.
- the thermal decomposition step heat is applied to a predetermined region of the heat-reactive resist layer at a predetermined temperature or higher to thermally decompose the copper oxide in the predetermined region of the heat-reactive resist layer.
- the thermal reaction resist layer is thermally decomposed by irradiating the thermal reaction resist layer with laser light.
- laser light having a distribution as shown in FIG. 3 is irradiated onto an object, the temperature of the object also exhibits the same Gaussian distribution as the intensity distribution of the laser light (see FIG. 4).
- the temperature in the predetermined region of the heat-reactive resist layer has a Gaussian distribution, so that the reaction proceeds only at the part where the temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature.
- the thermal decomposition is not limited to laser light as long as the copper oxide can be decomposed by applying heat at a predetermined temperature or higher to a predetermined region of the heat-reactive resist layer.
- a developer is supplied to the heat-reactive resist layer to dissolve and remove copper oxide in a predetermined region of the heat-reactive resist layer.
- the thermally-reactive resist layer after the pyrolysis step contains copper oxide that has not been pyrolyzed and copper oxide that has been reduced in oxidation number by pyrolysis. Since glycine and ammonium oxalate in the developer selectively chelate with copper oxide whose oxidation number has decreased due to thermal decomposition, copper oxide in the copper oxide region thermally decomposed from the thermal reaction type resist layer Can be selectively dissolved and removed.
- the method for causing the developer to act on the heat-reactive resist layer is not particularly limited, and the heat-reactive resist layer may be immersed in the developer, or the developer may be sprayed onto the heat-reactive resist layer.
- the amount of the liquid that touches the heat-reactive resist layer per unit time is increased by circulating the liquid when the heat-reactive resist layer is immersed in the developer or by operating the heat-reactive resist layer,
- the development speed can be increased. Further, the development speed can be increased by increasing the spray pressure when spraying the developer onto the heat-reactive resist layer.
- a method of moving the nozzle, a method of rotating the heat-reactive resist layer, or the like can be used alone, but it is preferable because development proceeds uniformly.
- Any type of nozzle can be used for spraying. Examples include line slits, full cone nozzles, hollow cone nozzles, flat nozzles, uniform flat nozzles, and solid nozzles. It can be selected according to the shape of the material. Further, a single fluid nozzle or a two fluid nozzle may be used.
- the developing solution may cause unevenness particularly when developing a fine pattern.
- the material of the filter used for filtration can be arbitrarily selected as long as it does not react with the developer, and examples thereof include PFA and PTFE.
- the coarseness of the filter may be selected according to the fineness of the pattern, but is 0.2 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
- spraying is preferable from immersion, and it is desirable that the developer is disposable when the developer is sprayed onto the heat-reactive resist layer. When reusing the developer, it is preferable to remove the eluted components.
- the developing method preferably includes a step of washing the heat-reactive resist layer and a step of washing the substrate and the heat-reactive resist layer after development.
- the shape of the mold can be a flat plate shape or a sleeve (roll, drum) shape.
- Many molds used for optical disc masters and nanoimprints are small and have a flat plate shape, and can therefore be transferred by a simple apparatus.
- the sleeve shape has a feature that a pattern can be transferred over a large area.
- the base material for producing the mold is not particularly limited in terms of material. However, it is preferable that the material is excellent in surface smoothness and processability and can be dry-etched. Glass can be used as a representative of such materials. In addition, silicon, silicon dioxide, or the like can be used as the base material. In addition, aluminum, titanium, copper, silver, gold, or the like can be used by providing a dry etching layer described later. Among these, from the viewpoint of dry etching treatment, quartz glass is suitable as a substrate, and a desired aspect ratio can be formed only by controlling the time of dry etching treatment.
- the cleaning method can be appropriately selected depending on the material and shape to be used.
- the substrate can be cleaned using an alkaline cleaning solution such as an inorganic alkali or an organic alkali, or an acidic cleaning solution such as hydrofluoric acid.
- an alkaline cleaning solution such as an inorganic alkali or an organic alkali
- an acidic cleaning solution such as hydrofluoric acid.
- addition of a surfactant, heating of the cleaning liquid, scrub cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, etc. are appropriately performed. It is preferable to select.
- the drying method can be appropriately selected depending on the material and shape to be used. For example, it is preferable to use isopropyl alcohol (IPA) drying, oven drying, hot water pulling drying, air knife drying, or the like in order to suppress the occurrence of dirt such as watermarks.
- IPA isopropyl alcohol
- the substrate for producing the mold has a sleeve shape
- the material used for the substrate is a composite material
- the core material is carbon fiber reinforced resin
- the surface is quartz glass
- the cleaning agent is preferably an alkaline cleaning liquid
- the drying method is preferably hot water pulling drying or air knife drying.
- the etching material constituting the etching layer is preferably selected from materials composed of elements having a boiling point of the main fluoride of 250 ° C. or less. Specifically, it was selected from the group consisting of Ta, Mo, W, C, Si, Ge, Te and P, or a composite of two or more thereof, or oxides, nitrides, sulfides and carbonates thereof. A material is preferred. More preferably, a SiO 2, Si or Si 3 N 4. Note that the processing depth of the pattern can be controlled by forming the etching layer to have a desired pattern depth.
- the fluorocarbon gas used in the dry etching process performed when the mold is manufactured is not particularly limited.
- CF 4 , CHF 3 , CH 2 F 2 , C 2 F 6 , C 3 F 8 , and C 4 are used.
- Fluorocarbons such as F 6 , C 4 F 8 , C 4 F 10 , C 5 F 10 , CCl 2 F 2 , CIF 3 and the like can be mentioned, and they may be used alone or in combination with a plurality of gases. .
- a gas obtained by mixing O 2 , H 2 , Ar, N 2 , CO, or the like with these gases may be used.
- gases such as HBr, NF 3 , SF 6 , CF 3 Br, HCl, HI, BBr 3 , BCl 3 , Cl 2 , SiCl 4 , and gases such as Ar, O 2 , H 2 , N 2 , and CO are added thereto.
- the mixed gas is also within the range of chlorofluorocarbon gases.
- the resist mask resistance and the etching direction of the substrate and the etching layer can be controlled.
- the degree of dissociation of the chlorofluorocarbon-based gas is controlled to increase or decrease the etching rate of the base material, the etching layer, and the heat-reactive resist layer, or the fluorocarbon gas used is F
- the fluorocarbon gas used is F
- the apparatus used for the dry etching process is not particularly limited as long as it can introduce a chlorofluorocarbon gas in a vacuum, can form plasma, and can perform an etching process.
- An ICP device or the like can be used.
- the gas type, time, power, etc. for performing the dry etching treatment can be appropriately determined depending on the type of resist material, the type of etching layer, the thickness of the etching layer, the etching rate of the etching layer, and the like.
- the removal method of the heat-reactive resist material is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the base material and the etching layer. For example, wet etching or dry etching can be used.
- quartz glass when quartz glass is used as a base material for manufacturing a mold, it is possible to easily remove the heat-reactive resist material by wet etching by using a general acid. Specifically, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the like.
- the method of acting on the heat-reactive material is not particularly limited, and there is no problem at all in the same manner as the method of causing the developer to act.
- an excimer laser such as KrF or ArF laser
- a semiconductor laser an electron beam, an X-ray, or the like
- Excimer lasers such as KrF and ArF lasers are very large and expensive, and electron beams, X-rays, etc. need to use a vacuum chamber, so there are considerable limitations from the viewpoint of cost and size. Therefore, it is preferable to use a semiconductor laser that can be miniaturized and is inexpensive.
- the heat-reactive resist material according to the present embodiment is sufficient even with a semiconductor laser. It is possible to form a fine pattern.
- a mold having a fine pattern of 1 nm or more and 1 ⁇ m or less it is possible to manufacture a mold having a fine pattern of 1 nm or more and 1 ⁇ m or less by using these mold manufacturing methods.
- LER Line Edge Roughness
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- Example 1 Thermal reaction types of samples 1-a to 1-d containing copper oxide and silicon or silicon oxide on a quartz glass substrate having a thickness of 2 in ⁇ and a thickness of 0.5 mm, and different amounts of silicon or silicon oxide added as an additive
- a resist material was formed to a film thickness of 25 nm by a sputtering method.
- the addition amount of silicon was the value shown in Table 1 (in Table 1, the addition amount of Si (unit: mol%)).
- the heat-reactive resist layer formed as described above was exposed under the following conditions.
- Semiconductor laser wavelength for exposure 405 nm
- Lens numerical aperture 0.85
- Exposure laser power 1mW to 25mW
- Feed pitch 120nm to 800nm
- Exposure speed 0.88 m / s to 7.0 m / s
- Example 1 a groove pattern was used as the pattern shape.
- Various shapes and patterns can be produced by modulating the laser intensity during exposure, but in the experiments, continuous groove shapes and isolated circles were used as patterns in order to confirm the exposure accuracy.
- the shape to be formed may be elliptical depending on the intended application, and the present invention is not limited by the exposure shape.
- the heat-reactive resist layer exposed by the above exposure machine was developed.
- the developer was used under the conditions shown in Table 1.
- Table 1 “mixed solution” refers to a mixed aqueous solution of glycine and ammonium oxalate. Further, “0.3 + 0.3” represents that 0.3 wt% glycine and 0.3 wt% ammonium oxalate were mixed.
- development time development was carried out for 5 minutes in order to ensure production stability. In this case, the selection ratio was very high at 25.
- the quartz glass substrate was etched by dry etching using the obtained heat-reactive resist as a mask.
- the dry etching was performed using SF 6 as an etching gas under the conditions of a processing gas pressure of 5 Pa, a processing power of 300 W, and a processing time of 10 minutes.
- the substrate with the pattern obtained above was used as a mold and the surface shape was transferred to a film using a UV curable resin, the shape almost inverted from the mold was transferred onto the film.
- Example 1 As shown in Table 1, a mold was manufactured under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the amount of silicon added to the heat-reactive resist material was 2.0 mol% or 20.0 mol%.
- the amount of silicon to be added was as small as 2.0 mol% (Sample 2-a)
- the LER was 5 nm
- the crystal growth of copper oxide could not be suppressed much.
- the roughness of the groove pattern is worse than that of Example 1 with a large amount of Si added.
- the amount of silicon to be added is as large as 20.0 mol% (Sample 2-b)
- the selection ratio was as small as 2, and the development difference between the exposed and unexposed areas during development was small, resulting in poor manufacturing stability. .
- Example 1 Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the use of the heat-reactive resist material and developer according to Example 1 enables formation of a stable pattern in production.
- Example 2 On a quartz glass roll substrate having a diameter of 80 mm and a length of 400 mm, a heat-reactive resist material containing copper oxide and silicon was formed with a film thickness shown in Table 1 using a sputtering method (Samples 3-a, 3 and 3). -B).
- the deposited thermal reaction type resist layer was analyzed by fluorescent X-rays, and the amount of silicon added was the value shown in Table 1.
- the heat-reactive resist material formed as described above was exposed under the following conditions.
- Semiconductor laser wavelength for exposure 405 nm
- Lens numerical aperture 0.85
- Exposure laser power 1mW to 25mW
- Feed pitch 120nm to 800nm
- Rotation speed 210-1670rpm
- Example 2 a circular pattern was used as the pattern shape.
- the heat-reactive resist exposed by the exposure machine was developed.
- the developer was used under the conditions shown in Table 1.
- As for the development time development was carried out for 5 minutes in order to ensure production stability.
- the quartz glass roll was etched by dry etching using the obtained heat-reactive resist layer as a mask. Dry etching was performed using SF 6 as an etching gas under conditions of a processing gas pressure of 3 Pa, a processing power of 1000 W, and a processing time of 5 minutes.
- the surface shape and the cross-sectional shape were observed with a SEM using a UV-cured resin to transfer the surface shape to a film using a mold obtained by removing only the thermal reaction type resist layer from the substrate provided with these patterns.
- the opening width (nm) and etching layer depth (nm) shown in Table 1 were observed.
- Example 3 As shown in Table 1, the film thickness of the thermally responsive resist material was set to 5 nm (Sample 4-a) or 120 nm (Sample 4-b), and the same as Sample 1-d of Example 1 except that a circular pattern was used. A mold was manufactured under the conditions. When the surface shape of the mold obtained by SEM was observed, when the film thickness was as thin as 5 nm (Sample 4-a), it was possible to form an isolated circular pattern by increasing the exposure laser power. On the other hand, when the film thickness is as thick as 120 nm (sample 4-b), the diffusion of heat in the film surface direction is large, so that an isolated circular pattern with a large opening width can be formed.
- Example 2 Comparing Example 2 and Example 3, it can be seen that according to the film thickness of the thermal reaction type resist layer according to Example 3, it is possible to form a more stable pattern from the viewpoint of manufacturing.
- Example 4 As shown in Table 1, a mold was produced under the same conditions as Sample 1-b of Example 1 except that the type of developer was an aqueous glycine solution and a circular pattern was used (Sample 5). When the surface shape of the mold obtained by SEM was observed, the opening width (nm) shown in Table 1 was formed as an isolated circular pattern.
- Example 5 As shown in Table 1, molds were manufactured under the same conditions as Sample 1-d in Example 1 except that the developer concentrations were 0.1%, 1%, and 15% (Sample 6-a to Sample 6). 6-c). When the surface shape of the mold obtained by SEM was observed, an isolated circular pattern having an opening width (nm) shown in Table 1 was formed. Thereby, it can be confirmed that the opening width does not change at all depending on the concentration of the developing solution, and it is understood that a stable pattern can be formed in production.
- Example 6 As shown in Table 1, a mold was produced under the same conditions as Sample 1-d of Example 1 except that the concentration of the developer was 0.001% and the development time was 10 minutes (Sample 7). When the surface shape of the mold obtained by SEM was observed, the dissolved portion of the resist layer did not reach the substrate side, and pattern formation can be achieved by further extending the time.
- Example 7 As shown in Table 1, a mold was produced under the same conditions as Sample 1-b of Example 1 except that the development time was 5 minutes, 7 minutes, and 10 minutes and a circular pattern was used (Samples 8-a to 8- Sample 8-c). When the surface shape of the mold obtained by SEM was observed, the opening width (nm) shown in Table 1 was formed as an isolated circular pattern. In both cases, a pattern having a good shape was obtained.
- Example 8 As shown in Table 1, a mold was produced under the same conditions as Sample 1-b of Example 1 except that the temperature of the developer was 15 ° C., 30 ° C., and 40 ° C. and a circular pattern was used (Sample 9- a to Sample 9-c). When the surface shape of the mold obtained by SEM was observed, the opening width (nm) shown in Table 1 was formed as an isolated circular pattern. Further, as shown in Table 1, a mold was produced under the same conditions as Sample 1-b of Example 1 except that the temperature of the developer was 50 ° C., the development time was 1 minute, and a circular pattern was used ( Sample 9-d).
- the opening width (nm) shown in Table 1 was formed as an isolated circular pattern.
- the selection ratios at this time are 27 (sample 9-a, 15 ° C.), 20 (sample 9-b, 30 ° C.), 10 (sample 9-c, 40 ° C.), 5 (sample 9-d, 50 ° C.).
- Example 9 As shown in Table 1, a mold was produced under the same conditions as Sample 1-b of Example 1 except that the temperature of the developer was 60 ° C., the development time was 1 minute, and a circular pattern was used (Sample 10). ). When the surface shape of the mold obtained by SEM was observed, most of the resist layer was dissolved, but pattern formation is possible by further shortening the development time to 0.5 minutes. The selection ratio at this time was 1.5 when the development time was separately shortened.
- Example 8 Comparing Example 8 and Example 9, it can be seen that according to the temperature of the developer according to Example 8, it is possible to form a more stable pattern from the viewpoint of manufacturing.
- Example 10 As shown in Table 1, a mold was produced (Sample 11) under the same conditions as Sample 1-b of Example 1 except that the composition of the developer was changed, the development time was 2 minutes, and a circular pattern was used.
- the developer type A in Table 1 is composed of glycine, ammonium fluoride, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and phosphonic acid, propylene glycol monomethyl ether and water as a solvent, and its concentration B is Glycine 0.9 wt%, ammonium fluoride 0.04 wt%, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphone 0.06 wt%, phosphonic acid 0.004 wt%, and pH 2.6.
- Example 11 As shown in Table 1, the amount of silicon added to the heat-reactive resist material is 4.0 mol% (Sample 12-a), 9.0 mol% (Sample 12-b), and 9.5 mol% (Sample 12-c). Then, a mold was manufactured under the same conditions as Sample 1-b of Example 1 except that a circular pattern was used. When the surface shape of the obtained mold was observed with an SEM, the LER was 4 nm when the amount of silicon added was 4.0 mol%. On the other hand, when the amounts of silicon added were 9.0 mol% and 9.5 mol%, the development selection ratios were 23 and 21, respectively.
- the heat-reactive resist pattern material since the pattern roughness of the resist is good and the development difference between the heated part and the unheated part is large, a fine pattern can be stably formed. Can do.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施の形態に係る熱反応型レジスト材料は、酸化銅と、シリコンまたは酸化シリコンと、を含み、酸化銅中へのシリコンまたは酸化シリコンの添加量が、シリコンのモル換算で、4.0mol%以上10.0mol%未満であることを特徴とする。
工程(1)基材上に、熱反応型レジスト層を成膜する。
工程(2)熱反応型レジスト層を露光した後、グリシン溶液またはグリシンとシュウ酸アンモニウムとの混合溶液からなる現像液で現像する。
工程(3)現像後の熱反応型レジストをマスクとして、フロン系ガスを用いて基材をドライエッチング処理して微細パターンを形成する。
工程(4)熱反応型レジストを除去して、モールドを製造する。
LER(Line Edge Roughness)とは、パターンの乱れを表す指標であり、パターンエッジ形状のラフネス、すなわち、パターン端部にできた凹凸の大きさを表す。LERの値が小さいほど、パターン形状にバラつきがないことを表す。LERは、現像後のレジストの表面SEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)観察を行い、得られた像をSEMI International Standardsに記載のSEMI P47-0307に従い導出した。
2inφ、厚み0.5mmの石英ガラス基材上に、酸化銅と、シリコンまたは酸化シリコンとを含み、添加材としてシリコンまたは酸化シリコンの添加量が異なる試料1-a~1-dの熱反応型レジスト材料を、スパッタリング法を用いて膜厚25nmに成膜した。堆積した熱反応型レジスト層を、それぞれ蛍光X線で分析したところ、シリコンの添加量は、表1に示す値(表1中、Si添加量(単位:mol%)と記す)であった。
露光用半導体レーザー波長:405nm
レンズ開口数:0.85
露光レーザーパワー:1mW~25mW
送りピッチ:120nm~800nm
露光速度:0.88m/s~7.0m/s
表1に示すように、熱反応型レジスト材料に添加するシリコン量を2.0mol%または20.0mol%にした以外は実施例1と同じ条件で、モールドを製造した。得られたモールドをSEMにて表面形状を観察したところ、添加するシリコン量が2.0mol%と少ない場合(試料2-a)は、LERが5nmであり、酸化銅の結晶成長があまり抑制できておらず、実施例1のSi添加量が多いものに比べ溝形パターンのラフネスが悪い。一方、添加するシリコン量が20.0mol%と多い場合(試料2-b)は、選択比が2と小さく、現像時に露光部と未露光部の現像差が小さくなり製造上安定性に欠けた。
φ80mm、長さ400mmの石英ガラスロール基材上に、酸化銅とシリコンとを含む熱反応型レジスト材料を、スパッタリング法を用いて表1に示す膜厚で成膜した(試料3-a、3-b)。
露光用半導体レーザー波長:405nm
レンズ開口数:0.85
露光レーザーパワー:1mW~25mW
送りピッチ:120nm~800nm
回転速度:210~1670rpm
表1に示すように、熱反応型レジスト材料の膜厚を5nm(試料4-a)または120nm(試料4-b)にし、円形パターンを使用した以外は実施例1の試料1-dと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した。SEMにて得られたモールドの表面形状を観察したところ、膜厚が5nmと薄い場合(試料4-a)は、露光レーザーパワーを大きくすることで孤立した円形パターン形成が可能であった。一方、膜厚が120nm(試料4-b)と厚い場合は、膜面方向への熱の拡散が大きいため、開口幅が大きい孤立した円形パターン形成が可能であった。
表1に示すように、現像液の種類をグリシン水溶液にし、円形パターンを使用した以外は実施例1の試料1-bと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した(試料5)。SEMにて得られたモールドの表面形状を観察したところ、表1に示す開口幅(nm)が孤立した円形パターンとして形成されていた。
表1に示すように、現像液の濃度を0.1%、1%、15%にした以外は実施例1の試料1-dと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した(試料6-a~試料6-c)。SEMにて得られたモールドの表面形状を観察したところ、表1に示す開口幅(nm)を有する孤立した円形パターンが形成されていた。これにより、現像液の濃度によって、開口幅がまったく変わらないことが確認でき、製造上安定したパターンの形成が可能であることがわかる。
表1に示すように、現像液の濃度を0.001%にし、現像時間を10分にした以外は実施例1の試料1-dと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した(試料7)。SEMにて得られたモールドの表面形状を観察したところ、レジスト層の溶解した部分が基材側まで達しておらず、さらに時間を延長することでパターン形成が可能である。
表1に示すように、現像時間を5分、7分、10分にし、円形パターンを使用した以外は実施例1の試料1-bと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した(試料8-a~試料8-c)。SEMにて得られたモールドの表面形状を観察したところ、表1に示す開口幅(nm)が孤立した円形パターンとして形成されていた。いずれも良好な形状のパターンが得られていた。
表1に示すように、現像液の温度を15℃、30℃、40℃にし、円形パターンを使用した以外は実施例1の試料1-bと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した(試料9-a~試料9-c)。SEMにて得られたモールドの表面形状を観察したところ、表1に示す開口幅(nm)が孤立した円形パターンとして形成されていた。また、表1に示すように、現像液の温度を50℃にし、現像時間を1分にし、円形パターンを使用した以外は実施例1の試料1-bと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した(試料9-d)。SEMにて得られたモールドの表面形状を観察したところ、表1に示す開口幅(nm)が孤立した円形パターンとして形成されていた。なお、この際の選択比はそれぞれ、27(試料9-a、15℃)、20(試料9-b、30℃)、10(試料9-c、40℃)、5(試料9-d、50℃)と高かった。
表1に示すように、現像液の温度を60℃にし、現像時間を1分にし、円形パターンを使用した以外は実施例1の試料1-bと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した(試料10)。SEMにて得られたモールドの表面形状を観察したところ、レジスト層は大部分が溶解していたが、現像時間をさらに短く0.5分にすることでパターン形成が可能である。なお、この際の選択比を、別途現像時間を短くして測定した所、1.5であった。
表1に示すように、現像液の組成を変え、現像時間を2分にし、円形パターンを使用した以外は実施例1の試料1-bと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した(試料11)。なお、表1における現像液の液種Aは、グリシン、フッ化アンモニウム、1-ヒドロキシエチリデン-1,1-ジホスホン酸とホスホン酸、溶媒としてプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルと水で構成され、その濃度Bは、それぞれグリシン0.9wt%、フッ化アンモニウム0.04wt%、1-ヒドロキシエチリデン-1,1-ジホスホン0.06wt%、ホスホン酸0.004wt%で、pH2.6である。
表1に示すように、熱反応型レジスト材料に添加するシリコン量を4.0mol%(試料12-a)、9.0mol%(試料12-b)及び9.5mol%(試料12-c)にし、円形パターンを使用した以外は実施例1の試料1-bと同じ条件で、モールドを製造した。得られたモールドをSEMにて表面形状を観察したところ、添加するシリコン量が4.0mol%の場合は、LERが4nmであった。一方、添加するシリコン量が9.0mol%と9.5mol%の場合は、現像選択比がそれぞれ、23、21であった。
Claims (15)
- 酸化銅と、シリコンまたは酸化シリコンと、を含む熱反応型レジスト材料であって、
前記熱反応型レジスト材料中の前記シリコンまたは前記酸化シリコンの含有量が、シリコンのモル換算で、4.0mol%以上10.0mol%未満であることを特徴とする熱反応型レジスト材料。 - 前記熱反応型レジスト材料中の前記シリコンまたは前記酸化シリコンの含有量が、シリコンのモル換算で、4.0mol%以上8.5mol%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱反応型レジスト材料。
- 前記熱反応型レジスト材料中の前記シリコンまたは前記酸化シリコンの含有量が、シリコンのモル換算で、6.5mol%以上8.5mol%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱反応型レジスト材料。
- 請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の熱反応型レジスト材料を用いて、基材表面に凹凸形状を有するモールドを製造する製造方法であって、
前記基材上に、前記熱反応型レジスト材料を用いて熱反応型レジスト層を形成する工程(1)と、
前記熱反応型レジスト層を、露光した後、現像液で現像する工程(2)と、
前記熱反応型レジスト層をマスクとして用いて、フロン系ガスで前記基材をドライエッチングする工程(3)と、
前記熱反応型レジスト層を除去する工程(4)と、を含み、
前記現像液は、グリシン溶液またはグリシンとシュウ酸アンモニウムとの混合液であることを特徴とするモールドの製造方法。 - 前記熱反応型レジスト層の膜厚は、10nm以上50nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のモールドの製造方法。
- 前記熱反応型レジスト層の膜厚は、20nm以上30nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のモールドの製造方法。
- 前記熱反応型レジスト層は、スパッタリング法、蒸着法またはCVD法から選ばれるいずれかの方法で形成されることを特徴とする請求項4から請求項6のいずれかに記載のモールドの製造方法。
- 前記基材は、平板形状であることを特徴とする請求項4から請求項7のいずれかに記載のモールドの製造方法。
- 前記基材は、スリーブ形状であることを特徴とする請求項4から請求項7のいずれかに記載のモールドの製造方法。
- 前記基材は、石英ガラスであることを特徴とする請求項4から請求項9のいずれかに記載のモールドの製造方法。
- 前記工程(2)における露光は、半導体レーザーで行われることを特徴とする請求項4から請求項10のいずれかに記載のモールドの製造方法。
- 請求項4から請求項11のいずれかに記載のモールドの製造方法によって製造されたことを特徴とするモールド。
- 1nm以上1μm以下の微細パターンを有することを特徴とする請求項12に記載のモールド。
- 請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の熱反応型レジスト材料を現像する現像方法であって、
基材上に、前記熱反応型レジスト材料を用いて熱反応型レジスト層を形成する工程(1)と、
前記熱反応型レジスト層を、露光した後、現像液で現像する工程(2)と、を含み、
前記現像液は、グリシン溶液またはグリシンとシュウ酸アンモニウムとの混合液であることを特徴とする現像方法。 - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の熱反応型レジスト材料と、グリシン溶液またはグリシンとシュウ酸アンモニウムとの混合液からなる現像液との組み合わせからなることを特徴とするパターン形成材料。
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CN201280057187.8A CN103946748A (zh) | 2011-11-22 | 2012-11-16 | 热反应型抗蚀剂材料、模具的制造方法、模具、显影方法以及图案形成材料 |
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US10409164B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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