WO2012114738A1 - 無線通信システムとそれに用いられる無線子機及び無線親機 - Google Patents
無線通信システムとそれに用いられる無線子機及び無線親機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012114738A1 WO2012114738A1 PCT/JP2012/001196 JP2012001196W WO2012114738A1 WO 2012114738 A1 WO2012114738 A1 WO 2012114738A1 JP 2012001196 W JP2012001196 W JP 2012001196W WO 2012114738 A1 WO2012114738 A1 WO 2012114738A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1854—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/407—Bus networks with decentralised control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
- H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
- H04W52/0219—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave where the power saving management affects multiple terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/80—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
- H04Q2209/82—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data
- H04Q2209/826—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data where the data is sent periodically
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
- H04W84/20—Master-slave selection or change arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication system that transmits information signals from a wireless slave device to a wireless master device using radio waves, and a wireless slave device and a wireless master device used therefor.
- a wireless communication system in which a plurality of wireless slave devices transmit various information signals to a wireless master device using a slotted aloha method using carrier waves of the same frequency.
- a wireless slave unit transmits an information signal in an arbitrary time slot in synchronization with a time slot in which time is divided at regular intervals.
- the wireless slave unit checks whether or not radio waves are emitted from other devices for a certain period of time before transmission in order to avoid interference between the radio waves of the device and other devices. Perform career sense.
- a radio station that has not sent transmission next time is set at random within a time range in which the next carrier sense period is shorter than the predetermined time range. Then, an information signal is transmitted from any of these radio stations (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-145318 published in Japanese Patent Application).
- a wireless slave device that communicates with a wireless master device by a TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) method is known.
- This kind of wireless slave device receives a beacon signal periodically transmitted from the wireless master device, and transmits a signal to the wireless master device in synchronization with a time slot defined by the beacon signal.
- the wireless slave device 100 includes a wireless transmission / reception circuit 101 and a control microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as a control microcomputer) 102 that performs communication control of the wireless transmission / reception circuit 101.
- a control microcomputer hereinafter referred to as a control microcomputer
- the radio transmission / reception circuit 101 includes a radio communication oscillator 103 that generates a radio communication clock signal that determines a carrier frequency of a signal to be transmitted, and a baseband circuit 104.
- the baseband circuit 104 measures time based on a wireless communication clock signal supplied from the wireless communication oscillator 103 to define a time slot.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 101 includes a modulation circuit 106 that modulates a signal to be transmitted and transmits the signal from the antenna 105 to the wireless master device, and a demodulation circuit 107 that demodulates the signal received by the antenna 105.
- the wireless communication oscillator 103 includes a crystal resonator 103a and a PLL synthesizer 103b that divides a clock signal generated from the crystal resonator 103a and outputs the divided clock signal as a wireless communication clock signal.
- the Modulation circuit 106 uses the radio communication clock signal output from radio communication oscillator 103 to up-convert the frequency of the modulated signal to a carrier frequency determined by the radio communication clock signal.
- the demodulation circuit 107 down-converts the signal received by the antenna 105 using the wireless communication clock signal and demodulates it.
- the baseband circuit 104 includes a decoder 104a, a slot management timer 104b, an encoder 104c, and a clock generation circuit 104d.
- the decoder 104a decodes the signal demodulated by the demodulation circuit 107 and detects a beacon signal from the wireless master unit.
- the slot management timer 104b defines a time slot by counting from the detection timing of the beacon signal by the decoder 104a.
- the encoder 104c encodes a signal to be transmitted into a transmission format, and sends the encoded signal to the modulation circuit 106 in synchronization with the time slot defined by the slot management timer 104b.
- the clock generation circuit 104 d generates an operation clock signal suitable for driving each unit in the baseband circuit 104 based on the wireless communication clock signal output from the wireless communication oscillator 103.
- the wireless communication clock signal is supplied to the baseband circuit 104, and the baseband circuit 104 measures the time slot based on the wireless communication clock signal. Since the clock signal for wireless communication is generally several tens [MHz] and is high-speed, the wireless slave device has a drawback that current consumption by the baseband circuit 104 increases.
- a wireless slave device uses the operation clock signal of the control microcomputer having a frequency lower than that of the wireless communication clock signal to adjust the communication timing with the wireless master device (for example, a Japanese patent application).
- the accuracy and accuracy of the oscillation frequency of the operation clock oscillator that generates the operation clock signal is not so high. Therefore, this wireless slave device has a reception timing of a signal periodically transmitted from the wireless master device. Based on this, the timing error is corrected.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems.
- the present invention provides a wireless communication system that reliably prioritizes transmission of high-priority information signals when a plurality of wireless slave units attempt to transmit information signals of different priorities to the wireless master unit in the same time slot.
- An object is to provide a wireless slave device and a wireless master device to be used.
- a wireless communication system of the present invention receives a wireless master unit and a beacon signal periodically transmitted from the wireless master unit and synchronizes with a time slot defined by the beacon signal.
- a plurality of wireless slave devices that wirelessly transmit a plurality of types of information signals to the wireless master device, and a priority is set in advance for the plurality of types of information signals, and the plurality of wireless slave devices Is characterized in that the higher the priority of the information signal transmitted from the own device, the shorter the period of carrier sense performed before the transmission.
- the wireless slave unit when a plurality of wireless slave units attempt to transmit information signals having different priorities in the same time slot, the wireless slave unit increases the carrier prior to transmission as the priority of the information signal increases.
- the sense period is shortened, and the information signal can be transmitted more quickly. Therefore, by transmitting the information signal to the wireless slave unit that can transmit the information signal earliest, the information signal with the highest priority can be transmitted earliest, and the transmission can be transmitted to other devices by carrier sense. It can be detected and the transmission of the information signal can be delayed. Therefore, priority can be given to transmission of information signals with high priority.
- the wireless slave device of the present invention is used in the wireless communication system.
- the wireless master device of the present invention is used for the wireless communication system.
- the wireless slave device of the present invention receives a beacon signal periodically transmitted from the wireless master device, and wirelessly transmits various signals to the wireless master device in synchronization with a time slot defined by the beacon signal.
- the wireless slave device comprising: a wireless transmission / reception circuit that performs a process of transmitting various signals in the wireless transmission / reception circuit; and an operation clock oscillator that generates an operation clock signal of the microcomputer.
- the circuit includes a radio communication oscillator that generates a radio communication clock signal that determines a carrier frequency of a signal to be transmitted, and the microcomputer counts a timer based on an operation clock signal generated from the operation clock oscillator Starting from the reception timing of the beacon signal by the wireless transceiver circuit A time slot defining circuit for defining the time slot using a timer, and a time value correcting circuit for correcting a time value by the timer based on a wireless communication clock signal generated from the wireless communication oscillator.
- the timer since the timer counts using the operation clock signal of the microcomputer, for example, the current consumption of the timer is reduced as compared with the case of counting using the clock signal for wireless communication set at a higher frequency than the operation clock signal. Can be suppressed.
- the clocking of the timer is corrected using the clock signal for radio communication, and generally the oscillation frequency of the oscillator for radio communication that generates the clock signal for radio communication is highly accurate and accurate. Can be improved. As a result, it is possible to reduce a time slot shift with respect to the wireless master device and improve communication accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a device control system including a wireless communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an electrical block diagram of the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing priorities of various signals in the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 4 is a communication operation chart of the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the contents of control during transmission of the various signals.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating control contents during transmission of various signals in the wireless communication system according to the first modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a communication operation chart of the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a construction example of the wireless communication system according to the second modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing control contents at the time of transmission of various signals in the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 10 is a communication operation chart of the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a beacon signal in a wireless communication system according to the third modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating communication settings and communication operations of the wireless communication system according to the first reference example of the embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is an electrical block diagram of a wireless communication system according to the second reference example of the embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating priorities and transmission powers of various signals in the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 15 is an electrical block diagram showing a configuration of a wireless communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16A is an electrical block diagram showing the configuration of the operation switch provided in the wireless communication system
- FIG. 16B is an electrical block diagram showing the configuration of the microcomputer for controlling the operation switch. is there.
- FIG. 17 is a communication operation chart of the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 18A is an electrical block diagram showing the configuration of the operation switch of the wireless communication system according to the first modification of the embodiment
- FIG. 18B is the configuration of the microcomputer for controlling the operation switch. It is an electrical block diagram which shows.
- FIG. 19 is an electrical block diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless communication system according to a second modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a communication operation chart of the wireless communication system.
- FIG. 21 is a communication operation chart when the transmission timing of the beacon signal by the wireless receiver in the wireless communication system is delayed.
- FIG. 22 is an electrical block diagram showing the configuration of the device control system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is an electrical block diagram showing configurations of a heat ray sensor, a wireless receiver, and operation switches of the device control system.
- FIG. 24 is a flowchart of communication control processing in the heat ray sensor.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing signal transmission timing in the heat ray sensor.
- FIG. 26 is a flowchart of the state switching process in the heat ray sensor.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a communication method and communication operation chart of the device control system.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating the timing at which the wireless receiver transmits a status information signal according to the communication method.
- FIG. 29 is a flowchart of the reception process in the downlink dedicated time slot in the heat ray sensor.
- FIG. 30 is a flowchart of communication control processing in a conventional heat ray sensor.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the transmission timing of the ON signal in the heat ray sensor.
- FIG. 32 is an electrical block diagram showing a configuration of a device control system according to the first modification of the reference embodiment.
- FIG. 33 is a communication operation chart of the device control system.
- FIG. 34 is an electrical block diagram showing a configuration of a device control system according to a second modification of the reference embodiment.
- FIG. 35 is a communication operation chart of the device control system.
- FIG. 36A is an electrical block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional wireless slave unit
- FIG. 36B is an electrical block diagram showing the configuration of the control microcomputer of the wireless slave unit.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a device control system including a wireless communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless communication system 1 includes a wireless receiver (hereinafter referred to as a receiver) 2 that is a wireless master device and a plurality of wireless slave devices that wirelessly transmit various information signals to the receiver 2.
- These wireless slave units are configured by operation switches 3A and 3B, a heat ray sensor 4, an illuminance sensor 5, a temperature sensor 6 and a humidity sensor 7 (hereinafter collectively referred to as operation switch 3A and the like).
- the number of operation switches is not limited to the illustrated number, and may be one or plural.
- the device control system 10 includes a wireless communication system 1 (receiver 2 and operation switch 3A, etc.), a transmission unit 11, lighting fixtures 12A, 12B (hereinafter collectively referred to as lighting fixture 12A, etc.), and an air conditioner 13 And an illumination control terminal 14 and an air conditioning control terminal 15.
- the receiver 2 receives various information signals wirelessly transmitted from the operation switch 3A or the like.
- the receiving area of the receiver 2 is about 40 m ⁇ 40 m, for example.
- the transmission unit 11 transmits various information signals received by the receiver 2 to the lighting control terminal 14 and the air conditioning control terminal 15 by wire.
- the lighting control terminal 14 and the air conditioning control terminal 15 control the lighting fixture 12A and the like and the air conditioning equipment 13 based on various information signals transmitted from the transmission unit 11, respectively.
- the number of lighting fixtures 12A and the like is not limited to the illustrated number, and may be one or more.
- the device control system 10 is preferably installed in an office building, factory, hall, store, or the like.
- the operation switches 3A and 3B are operation information signals
- the heat ray sensor 4 is a human detection information signal
- the illuminance sensor 5 is an illuminance information signal
- the temperature sensor 6 is an air temperature information signal
- the humidity sensor 7 is a humidity information signal.
- the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3A and the like communicate with each other using a carrier wave having the same frequency.
- the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3A are installed on the ceiling or wall of the building.
- the transmission unit 11 distributes the transmission destination of each type of information signal for various information signals received by the receiver 2. For example, the transmission unit 11 transmits an operation information signal, a human detection information signal, and an illuminance information signal to the lighting control terminal 14, and transmits an air temperature information signal and a humidity information signal to the air conditioning control terminal 15.
- the lighting control terminal 14 controls lighting (ON) and extinguishing (OFF) of the lighting fixture 12A and the like based on the operation information signal and the human detection information signal transmitted by the transmission unit 11. Further, the lighting control terminal 14 controls the light control of the lighting fixture 12A and the like based on the illuminance information signal transmitted by the transmission unit 11. These controls may be performed by grouping the lighting fixtures 12A and the like, and may be executed for each group, or may be executed collectively for all the lighting fixtures 12A and the like.
- the air conditioning control terminal 15 performs on / off switching of the air conditioner 13 and adjustment of the set temperature of the air conditioner 13 based on the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal transmitted by the transmission unit 11.
- the wiring method between the receiver 2 and the lighting control terminal 14 and the air conditioning control terminal 15 is a two-wire method using two signal lines having predetermined voltages with different polarities, and the communication method between them is polling. /
- a time division multiplex transmission system such as a selecting system.
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed configuration of the wireless communication system 1.
- the receiver 2 includes a wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 that performs wireless communication with the operation switch 3A and the like, a wired communication circuit 22 that performs wired communication with the transmission unit 11 (see FIG. 1), and a control microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as a control microcomputer) 23. And have.
- the control microcomputer 23 performs communication control of the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 and the wired communication circuit 22.
- the control microcomputer 23 is wired so as to transmit various information signals from the operation switch 3 ⁇ / b> A received by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 to the transmission unit 11.
- the communication circuit 22 is controlled.
- Each operation switch 3A, 3B (operator) includes a handle 31 for turning on / off or dimming the lighting fixture 12 and an operation information signal indicating the operation content when the handle 31 is operated by the user. And a radio transmission / reception circuit 32 for radio transmission to the receiver 2. Further, the operation switch 3 includes a control microcomputer 33 that performs communication control of the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32.
- the heat ray sensor (human detection sensor) 4 includes a heat ray sensor element 41 that detects the presence (event) of a person when the person is in the detection area (when an event occurs).
- the heat ray sensor 4 includes a wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 that wirelessly transmits a human detection information signal (event information signal) from the heat ray sensor element 41 to the receiver 2, and a control microcomputer 43 that performs communication control of the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42.
- the illuminance sensor 5 (event detection sensor) includes an illuminance sensor element 51 that detects the illuminance of the surrounding atmosphere, a wireless transmission / reception circuit 52, and a control microcomputer 53.
- the control microcomputer 53 detects when the illuminance detected by the illuminance sensor element 51 exceeds a threshold value (when an event occurs).
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 52 wirelessly transmits to the receiver 2 an illuminance detection information signal (event information signal) indicating that the detected illuminance by the illuminance sensor element 51 has exceeded the threshold and the detected illuminance under the control of the control microcomputer 53.
- the temperature sensor 6 (periodic measurement sensor) provides the receiver 2 with a temperature sensor element 61 that periodically measures the temperature (physical quantity) of the ambient atmosphere and an air temperature information signal (physical quantity information signal) that indicates the temperature measured by the temperature sensor element. And a wireless transmission / reception circuit 62 for wireless transmission. Further, the temperature sensor 6 includes a control microcomputer 63 that controls temperature measurement by the temperature sensor element 61 and communication by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 62. For example, the control microcomputer 63 causes the temperature sensor element 61 to measure the air temperature once per minute and causes the wireless transmission / reception circuit 62 to transmit an air temperature information signal every second.
- the humidity sensor 7 (periodic measurement sensor) provides the receiver 2 with a humidity sensor element 71 that periodically measures the humidity (physical quantity) of the ambient atmosphere and a humidity information signal (physical quantity information signal) that indicates the humidity measured by the humidity sensor element. And a wireless transmission / reception circuit 72 for wireless transmission.
- the humidity sensor 7 includes a control microcomputer 73 that controls humidity measurement by the humidity sensor element 71 and communication by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 72. For example, the control microcomputer 73 causes the humidity sensor element 71 to measure the humidity once every several tens of seconds and causes the wireless transmission / reception circuit 72 to transmit a humidity information signal every second.
- control microcomputers 33, 43, 53, 63, and 73 are referred to as control microcomputers 33 and the like, and the radio transmission / reception circuits 32, 42, 52, 62, and 72 are referred to as radio transmission / reception circuits 32 and the like.
- the communication method between the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3A is a slotted aloha method, and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 periodically wirelessly transmits a beacon signal that defines a time slot.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 or the like receives a beacon signal periodically transmitted from the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 and wirelessly transmits various information signals to the receiver 2 in synchronization with a time slot defined by the beacon signal. .
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 also transmits other signals to the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 and the like in synchronization with the time slot defined by the beacon signal transmitted by itself. Details of the communication method and communication operation will be described later.
- the control microcomputer 33 or the like attaches unique identification information such as the operation switch 3A as transmission source address information to a signal to be transmitted by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 or the like, and sets the operation switch 3 as transmission destination address information.
- the unique identification information of any wireless handset is added.
- the control microcomputer 33 or the like when the transmission destination unique identification information attached to the signal received by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 or the like matches the unique identification information of the operation switch 3, the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 or the like.
- reception processing Such processing for identifying the transmission source and the transmission destination is also performed between the control microcomputer 23 and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21.
- FIG. 3 shows priorities of various information signals (operation information signal, human detection information signal, illuminance detection information signal, temperature information signal, humidity information signal) transmitted by the operation switch 3A and the like. Priorities are set in advance for various information signals. In the figure, according to the priority of various information signals, the operation switches 3A and the like that are transmission sources for transmitting the information signals are ranked.
- the reason for setting the priority is as follows. That is, the operation information signal is transmitted based on the operation when the user operates the operation switch 3 and is not periodic, and the number of transmissions is about several times a day. Information signal traffic is low. Therefore, the operation information signal has a high value as a signal.
- the operation information signal needs to be transmitted quickly, and the urgency level to be transmitted (hereinafter referred to as “transmission urgency level”) is high.
- the operation information signal is desirably delivered to the receiver 2 within a period of 100 ms or less from the operation. Even when the traffic is congested, the operation information signal is preferably delivered within a period of 200 ms or less and reflected in the control of the lighting fixture 12A and the like.
- the person detection information signal is transmitted from the heat ray sensor 4 according to the movement of the person, and the illuminance detection information signal is transmitted from the illuminance sensor 5 according to the change in the illuminance of the atmosphere.
- Each detection information signal is not periodic like the operation information signal, and the number of transmissions is several tens or hundreds of times per day, and is highly valuable as a signal.
- each detection information signal has a high degree of urgency in transmission, and the period from each detection to the transmission of each detection information signal is preferably about the same as that of the operation information signal.
- each detection information signal is transmitted as much as when the operation information signal is transmitted. You don't have to be quick.
- the heat ray sensor 4 is installed away from the illumination area so that when a person approaches the illumination area such as the lighting fixture 12A, the presence of the person can be detected earlier and the lighting fixture 12A can be turned on. It is desirable that In the case of such an installation method, when the heat ray sensor 4 detects the presence of a person, since the person is still away from the lighting fixture 12A or the like, the person detection information signal is transmitted from the heat ray sensor 4 when the person is detected. There is no problem even if the reaction of the lighting fixture 12A or the like is delayed a little later. Therefore, the transmission urgency level of each detection information signal may be lower than that of the operation information signal.
- the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal are automatically and periodically transmitted from the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7, respectively, and are transmitted every tens of seconds. Therefore, even if the information signal is not delivered to the receiver 2 several times, the influence is small, and the value of the information signal is compared with the operation information signal, the human detection information signal, and the illuminance detection information signal. It turns out that it is low.
- the reaction of the air conditioner 13 when the temperature or humidity changes may not be as quick as when the lighting fixture 12A reacts based on operation, human detection, or illuminance detection. Therefore, for the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal, a transmission delay of about several seconds is within an allowable range, and the urgency of transmission is lower than that of the operation information signal, the person detection information signal, and the illuminance detection information signal.
- the operation information signal, the person detection information signal, and the illuminance detection information signal are more important than the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal. Further, the operation information signal, the human detection information signal and the illuminance detection information signal, and the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal have a high transmission urgency in this order. Therefore, priorities are set in advance for each information signal in accordance with the importance level and the transmission urgency level of the information signal. The higher the transmission urgency level, the higher the priority level of each information signal. The priority of the operation information signal, the human detection information signal, and the illuminance detection information signal is also set higher than that of the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal, and the priority of the operation information signal is the human detection information signal and the illuminance detection information.
- the human detection information signal and the illuminance detection information signal have the same priority, and the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal have the same priority. In this way, the operation information signal, the human detection information signal and the illuminance detection information signal, and the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal are set to high, medium, and low in this order.
- the heat ray sensor 4 and the illuminance sensor 5 are event detection type sensors, and perform the same operation in communication with the receiver 2, so the operation will be described with the heat ray sensor 4 as a representative. To do. The same applies to each modified example described later.
- the communication in the wireless communication system 1 is actually performed by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 under the control of the control microcomputer 23, the control microcomputer 33, and the like.
- the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3A will be described as communication subjects.
- FIG. 4 shows a communication method and a communication operation example of the wireless communication system 1.
- the communication system of the wireless communication system 1 is a slotted aloha system.
- the basic unit of communication is a frame F1 in which time is divided at regular intervals, and each frame F1 is composed of time slots T1 in which the time is further shortened and divided at regular intervals.
- the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3A and the like transmit a signal in an arbitrary time slot T1 in synchronization with the time slot T1.
- the receiver 2 generates a beacon signal B1 (BCN) that defines the time slot T1 and wirelessly transmits it to the operation switch 3A and the like.
- BCN beacon signal B1
- the operation switch 3A or the like receives the beacon signal B1.
- Each of the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3A and the like defines a time slot T1 based on the transmitted beacon signal B1 and the received beacon signal B1, and establishes synchronization with the time slot T1.
- the beacon signal B1 is periodically and specifically transmitted for each frame F1 so that synchronization can be established continuously and accurately.
- the beacon signal is arranged at the head of each frame F1.
- An empty period T2 is provided at the end of each frame F1.
- the time length of the frame F1 and the time length of the time slot T1 are, for example, 1000 ms and 30 ms, respectively, and the time slot T1 is provided with, for example, 32 sections in each frame F1.
- the time length and empty period T2 of the beacon signal B1 are, for example, 35 ms and 5 ms, respectively.
- the operation switch 3A etc. when transmitting various information signals, the operation switch 3A etc. performs carrier sense before the transmission, confirms whether an information signal is transmitted from another device, and transmits it. If not, transmission / reception switching is executed, and then an information signal is transmitted. A series of these operations is executed in one time slot T1. There is a surplus of time after the information signal is transmitted until the end of the time slot T1, and a no-signal guard time t4 is provided at that time.
- the guard time t4 is a period for absorbing a transmission timing shift associated with each time measurement error of the operation switch 3A or the like.
- the time length of the time slot T1 is, for example, 30 ms
- the transmission switching period t2 and the signal transmission period t3 are all about several ms to 20 ms. It is set within the range.
- the magnitude relationship between the above time lengths is t2 ⁇ t1 ⁇ t3.
- the transmission switching period t2 and the signal transmission period t3 may be uniform between the operation switches 3A or the like, or may be set differently depending on the type of the wireless slave unit.
- the carrier sense period t1 differs between the operation switches 3A and the like.
- the higher the priority of the information signal transmitted from the own device the shorter the carrier sense period (t1) performed before the transmission is set.
- the operation information signal O1, the human detection information signal E1, the illuminance detection information signal, the temperature information signal P1, and the humidity information signal P2 have a higher priority in this order. Therefore, the operation switch 3, the heat ray sensor 4, the illuminance sensor 5, the temperature sensor 6, and the humidity sensor 7 have a short carrier sense period t1 in this order.
- the carrier sense period (t1) performed before transmission of the information signal with low priority is the total period of the carrier sense period (t1) performed before transmission of the information signal with high priority and the transmission switching period t2. Partly overlaps the signal transmission period t3 of the information signal that is longer and has a higher priority.
- each operation switch 3A, 3B When each operation switch 3A, 3B is operated by the user, the operation information signal O1 is transmitted to the receiver 2 in the slot immediately after that, and when the heat ray sensor 4 detects the presence of a person, The information signal E1 is transmitted to the receiver 2.
- the receiver 2 When the receiver 2 receives the operation information signal O1 and the human detection information signal E1 from the operation switch 3 and the heat ray sensor 4, respectively, the receiver 2 sends an acknowledgment signal A1 to the operation switch 3 and the heat ray sensor 4. Send and respond respectively.
- the response signal A1 is a signal for notifying completion of reception of each information signal.
- Each of the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7 periodically sends the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2 at a fixed time slot assigned in advance, for example, once every 60 frames F1, that is, once every 60 seconds. Send.
- the time slot assigned to the temperature sensor 6 and the time slot assigned to the humidity sensor 7 are different from each other.
- the wireless slave unit that transmits the information signals with lower priority among those information signals and the operation switch 3A to be transmitted is carrier sense. To detect the overlap of transmission timings and postpone transmission. If the wireless slave device that has sent off the transmission is the operation switch 3 or the heat ray sensor 4, the operation switch 3 or the heat ray sensor 4 generates a random number, delays the transmission timing by the random number, and then the subsequent time slot. To retransmit the information signal. In the case where the wireless slave device that has stopped sending is the temperature sensor 6 or the humidity sensor 7, the temperature sensor 6 or the humidity sensor 7 retransmits the information signal in the fixed time slot of the next frame F1.
- the operation switches 3 If the operation timing of the information signals overlaps between the operation switches 3 that transmit information signals having the same priority, a collision of information signals occurs. However, the operation switches 3 detect that the receiver 2 does not receive the response signal A1 that should be returned after receiving the information signal in the next slot, and detect a collision of the information signals by this detection. The operation switches 3 generate random numbers, delay the transmission timing by the random numbers, and retransmit the information signal in the subsequent time slot. When a plurality of heat ray sensors 4 are provided and the transmission timings of information signals overlap with each other, the heat ray sensor 4 performs the same process as the process of the operation switch 3.
- the operation switch 3A or the like when the operation switch 3A or the like tries to transmit information signals having different priorities in the same time slot T1, the higher the priority of the information signal to be transmitted, the higher the carrier sense period t1 before the transmission. Becomes shorter and information signals can be transmitted more quickly. Therefore, by transmitting the information signal to the wireless slave unit that can transmit the information signal earliest, the information signal with the highest priority can be transmitted earliest, and the transmission can be transmitted to other devices by carrier sense. It can be detected and the transmission of the information signal can be delayed. Therefore, priority can be given to transmission of information signals with high priority. Further, collision of information signals can be avoided, and it is possible to avoid that any information signal cannot be transmitted. Therefore, delay in information signal transmission can be reduced.
- the operation information signal O1 is based on the user's intentional operation with respect to the operation switch 3, the degree of relevance with the user action is high.
- the human detection information signal E1 is an information signal generated by the heat ray sensor 4 automatically detecting the user's operation, the relevance with the user operation is lower than the operation information signal O1.
- the temperature information signal P1 and the humidity information signal P2 are information signals that are automatically measured periodically by the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7 regardless of the user's operation. Relevance is the lowest.
- the operation information signal O1, the human detection information signal E1, the temperature information signal P1 and the humidity information signal P2 are preferentially transmitted in this order, these information signals are related to the user operation. It can be transmitted in an appropriate order according to the degree.
- the transmission cycle of the temperature information signal P1 and that of the humidity information signal P2 are the same, the transmission timing of these information signals does not overlap, so that collision of these information signals can be prevented. Therefore, communication accuracy can be improved.
- FIG. 6 shows the control contents when the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3A of the wireless communication system 1 according to the first modification transmit various signals.
- the receiver 2 receives the operation information signal and the human detection information signal from the operation switch 3 and the heat ray sensor 4, respectively, the response signal is sent to the operation switch 3 and the heat ray sensor 4 in response.
- Perform carrier sense before transmission Based on this carrier sense, the receiver 2 confirms whether or not the other device is transmitting an information signal. If it is confirmed that the other device is not transmitting the information signal, the receiver 2 performs transmission switching, , Send a response signal.
- a series of these operations is executed in one time slot T1. There is a time remaining after the signal transmission until the end of the time slot T1, and a guard time t4 of no signal is provided at that time.
- the priority is set in advance in the response signal, and the receiver 2 shortens the carrier sense period t1 before the response signal is transmitted as the priority of the response signal is higher.
- the priority of the response signal is lower than that of the operation information signal and the human detection information signal, and higher than that of the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal. Since the air temperature information signal and the humidity information signal are regularly transmitted, the importance of transmission is low. Therefore, the priority of the response signal is set higher than those information signals. Therefore, the carrier sense period t1 at the time of response signal transmission is longer than that at the time of transmission of the operation information signal and the human detection information signal, and is shorter than that at the time of transmission of the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal.
- the carrier sense period t1 before the response signal transmission partially overlaps the signal transmission periods t3 of the operation information signal and the human detection information signal.
- FIG. 7 shows a communication operation of the wireless communication system 1 of the present modification. The operation will be described with reference to the numbers in parentheses in the figure. (6)
- the receiver 2 detects this by carrier sense and sees off the transmission of the response signal A1. Also cancel. Thereby, the transmission of the human detection information signal E1 is prioritized, and the heat ray sensor 4 transmits the human detection information signal E1 to the receiver 2.
- the receiver 2 does not retransmit the response signal A1. For this reason, the operation switch 3 cannot receive the response signal A1, and retransmits the operation information signal O1. Since the operation information signal O1 has already been delivered to the receiver 2 by the first transmission, even if the operation information signal O1 is retransmitted from the operation switch 3, the receiver 2 discards the operation information signal O1. do it.
- the humidity sensor 7 detects this by carrier sense, and defers transmission of the humidity information signal P2. Then, the receiver 2 preferentially transmits the response signal A1 to the heat ray sensor 4. The humidity sensor 7 retransmits the humidity information signal P2 in the next frame F1.
- FIG. 8 shows a construction example of the wireless communication system according to the second modification.
- the wireless communication system 1 includes a plurality of receivers 2A to 2I (hereinafter referred to as receiver 2A etc.) having the same configuration as the receiver 2 of the above embodiment.
- the receiver 2A and the like are installed on one floor 200 of the building. For example, one receiver is arranged in each of the nine sections when one floor 200 is divided into nine in a matrix. ing.
- each receiver 2A etc. when the frequency band of the communication wave is set to 426 [MHz] and the communication speed is set to 10600 [bps], there are only four channels that can be used for the telecontrol and the telemeter. Therefore, in the case of the above arrangement example, the number of receivers 2A and the like is larger than the number of channels, and therefore the channels of communication waves cannot be made different between the respective receivers 2A and the like. Accordingly, the communication wave channel of each receiver 2A or the like must be shared. If receivers are installed on different floors, the channels will be different from one floor to another.
- the receivers 2A and the like are arranged such that the signal reachable ranges A2 do not overlap each other. Yes.
- the receivers 2A and the like are laid down and the signal transmission timing overlaps between the receivers 2A and the like, those signals are transmitted simultaneously. If this happens, there is no guarantee that there will be no collision between the signals.
- communication control that enables accurate communication is performed even when such overlapping of transmission timings occurs in the same channel.
- FIG. 9 shows a control process at the time of beacon signal transmission by each receiver 2A and the like in the present modification. This process is combined with the communication process in the first modification.
- each receiver 2A etc. performs carrier sense before transmitting the beacon signal, and confirms whether or not the other device is transmitting the information signal by this carrier sense. When it is confirmed that the information signal is not being transmitted, transmission / reception switching is executed. Thereafter, the receiver 2 transmits a beacon signal. A series of these operations is executed in one time slot T1. There is a time remaining after the signal transmission until the end of the time slot T1, and a guard time t4 of no signal is provided at that time.
- the priority is set in advance for the beacon signal, and the carrier sense period t1 before the transmission of the beacon signal is set shorter in the receiver 2 as the priority of the beacon signal is higher.
- the priority of the beacon signal is set lower than that of the temperature information signal and the humidity information signal. That is, the priority of the beacon signal is the lowest among the various signals. Therefore, the carrier sense period t1 before the transmission of the beacon signal is the longest compared with that before the transmission of various signals.
- the carrier sense period t1 before the beacon signal transmission partially overlaps the signal transmission period t3 of various information signals.
- FIG. 10 shows the communication operation of the adjacent receivers 2A and 2B.
- illustration of the empty period T2 is omitted. Since the communication operations between adjacent receivers among the receivers 2A and the like are common, the communication operations of the receivers 2A and 2B will be described as a representative.
- the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 is set in advance to be different between the adjacent receivers 2A and 2B.
- the transmission timing of the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2 to the receiver 2A overlaps the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2B.
- the beacon signal B1 is transmitted once per frame F1 (1 second), and the temperature information signal P1 and the humidity information signal P2 are transmitted once every 60 frames (60 seconds), for example, in a fixed time slot.
- transmission timing overlap occurs again.
- the receiver 2B attempting to transmit the beacon signal B1 detects the overlap by carrier sense, and refrains from transmitting the beacon signal B1 in the frame.
- transmission of the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2 is prioritized, and the temperature sensor 6 or the humidity sensor 7 transmits the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2 to the receiver 2A.
- the transmission cycle of the beacon signal B1 is 1 second
- the transmission cycle of the temperature information signal P1 and the humidity information signal P2 is 60 seconds.
- the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 overlaps with any one of the temperature information signal P1 and the humidity information signal P2 of all the adjacent wireless communication systems 1, the beacon signal B1.
- the number of times that cannot be transmitted is about 8 out of 60 times.
- the receivers 2A to 2I are installed adjacent to each other, and the channels used by the receivers 2A to 2I are the same. Further, it is assumed that among the receivers 2A to 2I, the regular transmission timing of the beacon signal in any one of the receivers overlaps with the regular transmission timing of the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2 in the other receivers. Even in such a case, in the present modification, the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2 can be preferentially transmitted, so that the beacon signal and the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2 collide. It is possible to avoid continuing, and to improve the communication accuracy.
- the beacon signal is the same as the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2. Transmission can be performed at other timings that do not overlap the transmission timing. Therefore, the influence on communication can be reduced.
- FIG. 11 shows a frame configuration of the beacon signal B1 of the wireless communication system 1 in the third modification.
- the frame described here is different from the frame F1 described above, and indicates a basic unit of a transmission signal.
- the beacon signal B1 includes a preamble b1, a unique word b2, a header b3, transmission destination identification information b4, transmission source identification information b5, data length information b6, a data part b7, and an error detection code b8, and these are included in one packet. Stored in this order.
- the preamble b1 is for a device that receives a signal to establish bit synchronization with the signal, and is composed of a signal that repeats 1 and 0 alternately.
- the receiving device samples the signal at a plurality of sampling timings per bit, and reads the sign inversion timing of the preamble b1, that is, the zero cross timing. Then, the receiving device obtains a sampling timing at which a bit can be accurately detected based on the read zero-cross timing, and sets the sampling timing as the bit synchronization timing. For example, the sampling timing closest to the middle between the zero cross and the next zero cross is set as the bit synchronization timing.
- the unique word b2 is used by the receiving device to identify the beginning of valid information after the header b3 in the frame, and is a signal for establishing so-called frame synchronization.
- the header b3 is MAC layer control information such as packet type information.
- the transmission destination identification information b4 includes information indicating broadcast, and is 0xFF in hexadecimal, for example.
- the transmission source identification information b5 is unique identification information of the receiver 2.
- the data length information b6 indicates the number of bytes of the data part b7.
- the data part b7 is a payload part of the beacon signal B1, and the data part b7 includes a response signal for notifying the temperature sensor 6 of the completion of reception of the temperature information signal.
- the data part b7 is composed of a bit string having the number of bits equal to the number of time slots per frame. Each bit b9 of this bit string is associated with time slots in the order of their numbers.
- the sign of bit b9 associated with the time slot in which the temperature information signal is received is set to 1, and the sign of the other bit b9 is set to 0. .
- the way of attaching the above symbols may be reversed.
- the error detection code b8 is, for example, a code generated by a specific algorithm from a bit string from the header b3 to the data part b7, and includes a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) code or the like.
- the receiver 2 receives the temperature information signal from the temperature sensor 6, the response signal notifying the temperature sensor 6 of the completion of reception of the temperature information signal is included in the beacon signal B1 scheduled to be transmitted next as described above.
- the temperature sensor 6 receives the beacon signal B1 and detects a bit b9 having a code of 1 in the data part b7 of the beacon signal B1. Furthermore, the temperature sensor 6 determines whether or not the time slot associated with the detected bit b9 matches the fixed time slot assigned to itself. The temperature sensor 6 considers that a response signal has been received if they match. When there is no response signal to be transmitted to the temperature sensor 6, the receiver 2 stops transmitting the next scheduled beacon signal.
- the temperature sensor 6 automatically transmits a request signal for requesting transmission of the beacon signal B1 to the receiver 2 when the power is turned on.
- the receiver 2 receives the request signal transmitted from the temperature sensor 6 when it is scheduled to stop transmitting the next beacon signal, the receiver 2 changes the schedule and sends the next beacon signal B1. Send. The receiver 2 establishes synchronization again using this beacon signal B1.
- the next scheduled transmission of the beacon signal B1 is stopped, and the traffic of the beacon signal B1 is reduced. Therefore, even if a plurality of receivers are installed adjacent to each other, the channels used by these receivers are the same, and the periodic transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 overlaps between adjacent receivers, the beacon signal B1 Collisions between each other can be reduced. Therefore, communication accuracy can be improved.
- a request signal is automatically transmitted from the temperature sensor 6 to the receiver 2 after battery replacement.
- the schedule is changed based on the request signal, and the next beacon signal is transmitted from the receiver 2. Therefore, it is not necessary to wait for the beacon signal B1 until the beacon signal B1 is spontaneously transmitted from the receiver 2, and synchronization can be quickly established.
- FIG. 12 shows communication settings and communication operations of the wireless communication system according to the first reference example.
- a priority slot T3 priority time slot
- only information signals (operation information signal, human detection information signal) of a predetermined priority or higher, specifically, a medium priority or higher are transmitted.
- the priority slot T3 is set, for example, every other time slot, and the other time slots T1 are set to the general slot T4 through which all the various information signals are transmitted. Thereby, the priority slot T3 and the general slot T4 are alternately arranged.
- the communication operation of the operation switch 3A etc. of this reference example will be described with reference to the numbers in parentheses in the figure.
- the wireless slave devices that transmit information signals of the same priority have the same communication operation, so that one of the wireless slave devices is represented by one wireless slave device as a representative.
- the operation will be described.
- the heat ray sensor 4 and the illuminance sensor 5 only the heat ray sensor 4 will be described as a representative.
- the operation switch 3A may transmit the operation information signal O1 in either the priority slot T3 or the general slot T4. The same applies to the case where the heat ray sensor 4 transmits the human detection information signal E1.
- the receiver 2 When the receiver 2 receives the operation information signal O1 from the operation switch 3A, the receiver 2 transmits a response signal A1 notifying the completion of reception of the operation information signal O1 in the priority slot T3.
- the receiver 2 operates in the same manner when the human detection information signal E1 is received from the heat ray sensor 4.
- Each of the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7 transmits the temperature information signal P1 and the humidity information signal P2 only in the general slot T4.
- Each of the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7 periodically sends the temperature information signal P1 and the humidity information signal P2 in a fixed general slot T4 that is assigned in advance, for example, once every 60 frames F1, that is, once every 60 seconds. Send.
- the general slot T4 assigned to the temperature sensor 6 and the general slot T4 assigned to the humidity sensor 7 are different from each other.
- the humidity sensor 7 is set to transmit the humidity information signal P2 in a fixed general slot T4 assigned in advance, for example, once every 60 frames. Therefore, even if the humidity sensor 7 is ready to transmit the humidity information signal P2 in the priority slot T3, the humidity sensor 7 waits for transmission until the next general slot T4, and transmits the humidity information signal P2 in the general slot T4. To do.
- the temperature sensor 6 performs the same transmission process. Each of the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7 periodically transmits the temperature information signal P1 or the humidity information signal P2, for example, once in every 60 frames F1, that is, once every 60 seconds, in a fixed general slot T4 assigned in advance. .
- the general slot T4 assigned to the temperature sensor 6 and the general slot T4 assigned to the humidity sensor 7 are different from each other.
- the hot wire sensor 4 detects that the response signal A1 that the receiver 2 should return is not received within a predetermined period, and detects a collision based on the detection result.
- the heat ray sensor 4 retransmits the human detection information signal in the priority slot T3.
- the priority slot T3 in which the human detection information signal is retransmitted may be determined randomly in the priority slot T3, or may be the priority slot T3 after a certain period has elapsed since the collision detection.
- the operation switch 3 performs the same processing as the heat ray sensor 4 when the operation information signals O1 collide with each other or when the operation information signal O1 collides with another information signal.
- the operation switch 3 Since the priority slot T3 is set every other time slot T1, the operation switch 3, the heat ray sensor 4 and the illuminance sensor 5 are preferentially only waiting for one time slot T1 at the latest, so that the operation information signal O1, human The detection information signal E1 and the illuminance detection information signal can be transmitted.
- FIG. 13 shows a configuration of the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3A of the wireless communication system 1 according to the second reference example.
- the control microcomputer 23 receives the information signal from any one of the operation switches 3A and the like while receiving the information signal from the other, the control microcomputer 23 (receiver 2)
- the latter information signal has higher transmission power
- the former information signal is regarded as a noise component. Therefore, the control microcomputer 23 preferentially receives the latter information signal by filter processing or the like.
- the control microcomputer 23 continues to receive the former information signal with priority, and regards the latter information signal as a noise component.
- the control microcomputer 33 and the like respectively transmit power control circuits 33a, 43a, 53a, 63a, and 73a (hereinafter referred to as transmission power control circuit 33a and the like) that control transmission power of the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 and the like.
- FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the priority of various signals and the transmission power in the wireless communication system of this reference example.
- the operation switch 3A and the like are set to have a higher transmission power as the priority of the information signal transmitted from the own device is higher.
- the transmission power is determined in advance according to the priority.
- the receiver 2 When the transmission periods of information signals with different priorities overlap, the transmission power of each information signal is different, and the receiver 2 receives information signals with high transmission power with priority. Since the information signal has a higher transmission power as the priority is higher, the receiver 2 receives the information signal having a higher priority with priority.
- the information signal having the overlapping transmission period is the operation information signal and any one of the human detection information signal and the illuminance detection information signal. In this case, priority is given to receiving the operation information signal, and no other information signal is received, but either the heat ray sensor 4 or the illuminance sensor 5 that has transmitted the information signal has a constant response signal that should be received from the receiver 2. Since it is not received during the period, transmission failure is detected. Either the heat ray sensor 4 or the illuminance sensor 5 that has failed to transmit retransmits the information signal after a random period or a predetermined period has elapsed.
- the heat ray sensor 4 and the illuminance sensor 5 are It is detected that a response signal that should be returned is not received during a certain period. And the heat ray sensor 4 and the illumination intensity sensor 5 recognize the failure of transmission based on the detection. Each of the heat ray sensor 4 and the illuminance sensor 5 retransmits each information signal after a random period or a certain period different from each other.
- the transmission power of the high priority information signal becomes large, and the low priority information signal The transmission power of becomes smaller. Therefore, even if radio waves interfere and a plurality of information signals overlap, an information signal with a low transmission power is regarded as a noise component with respect to an information signal with a high transmission power. can do. As a result, the receiver 2 can receive an information signal with higher transmission power, and can reliably give priority to transmission of an information signal with high priority. Moreover, in order to prioritize the transmission of high-priority information signals, it is not necessary to manage transmission timing as in the prior art, and it is only necessary to set the transmission power to a large value. Therefore, the configuration including software is simplified.
- FIG. 15 shows a configuration of the wireless communication system 1 of the present embodiment.
- the wireless communication system 1 includes an operation switch 3 having a configuration equivalent to each operation switch 3A, 3B of the first embodiment.
- the number of operation switches is not limited to this.
- wireless communications system 1 is provided with the temperature / humidity sensor 8 which integrated them instead of the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7 of the said 1st Embodiment.
- the temperature sensor 6 and the illuminance sensor 7 may be provided.
- the operation switch 3 further includes an operation clock oscillator 34 and a battery 35
- the heat ray sensor 4 further includes an operation clock oscillator 44 and a battery 45
- the illuminance sensor 5 further includes an operation clock oscillator 54 and a battery 55.
- the illuminance sensor element 51 periodically detects ambient illuminance
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 52 wirelessly transmits an illuminance information signal indicating the illuminance detected by the illuminance sensor element 51 to the receiver 2.
- the temperature / humidity sensor 8 includes a temperature / humidity sensor element 81 that periodically detects the temperature / humidity of the ambient atmosphere, and a wireless transmission / reception circuit that wirelessly transmits a temperature / humidity information signal indicating the temperature / humidity detected by the temperature / humidity sensor element 81 to the receiver 2. 82.
- the temperature / humidity sensor 8 includes a control microcomputer 83, an operating clock oscillator 84, and a battery 85.
- the operation switch 3, the heat ray sensor 4, the illuminance sensor 5, and the temperature / humidity sensor 8 are referred to as the operation switch 3 and the like
- the wireless transmission / reception circuits 32, 42, 52, and 82 are referred to as the wireless transmission / reception circuit 82
- the control microcomputer 33, 43, 53 and 83 are referred to as a control microcomputer 33 or the like.
- the operation clock oscillators 34, 44, 54, and 84 are referred to as operation clock oscillators 34 and the like
- the batteries 35, 45, 55, and 85 are referred to as batteries 35 and the like.
- the communication method between the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3 is a slotted aloha method, and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 periodically wirelessly transmits a beacon signal that defines a time slot.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 or the like receives a beacon signal periodically transmitted from the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 and wirelessly transmits various information signals to the receiver 2 in synchronization with a time slot defined by the beacon signal. .
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 also transmits various signals to the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 and the like in synchronization with the time slot defined by the beacon signal transmitted by itself.
- the control microcomputer 33 or the like controls communication of the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 or the like.
- Each of the operation clock oscillators 34 and the like is configured by a crystal resonator or the like, and generates an operation clock signal for the control microcomputer 33 or the like.
- the operation switches 3 and the like are each driven by a battery 35 and the like.
- FIGS. 16A and 16B show the detailed configuration of the operation switch 3.
- FIG. 16A illustration of the battery 35 (see FIG. 15) is omitted.
- the radio transmission / reception circuit 32 includes a radio communication oscillator 32a that generates a radio communication clock signal that determines a carrier frequency of a signal to be transmitted, and a modulation circuit that modulates the signal to be transmitted. 32b and a demodulation circuit 32c for demodulating the received signal.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 can be composed of a wireless communication LSI or the like, and is connected to an antenna 36.
- the wireless communication oscillator 32a includes a crystal resonator 32d and a PLL synthesizer 32e that divides a clock signal generated from the crystal resonator 32d and outputs the divided clock signal as a wireless communication clock signal.
- the frequency of the clock signal for wireless communication is, for example, about several tens [MHz], and is higher than the frequency of the operation clock signal.
- the modulation circuit 32b uses the radio communication clock signal output from the radio communication oscillator 32a to up-convert the frequency of the modulated signal to a carrier frequency determined by the radio communication clock signal.
- the signal after the up-conversion is wirelessly transmitted from the antenna 36. Since the carrier frequency is common between the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3 and the like, the demodulation circuit 32c down-converts and demodulates the signal received by the antenna 36 using the above-mentioned clock signal for wireless communication. Thus, the original signal can be restored.
- the control microcomputer 33 includes an oscillation circuit 33b that oscillates the operation clock oscillator 34, and a timer that measures time based on the operation clock signal generated from the operation clock oscillator 34 in the oscillation state. 33c.
- the control microcomputer 33 includes a core unit 33d and a memory 33x (storage circuit) in which an operation program for the core unit 33d is stored.
- the memory 33x stores a time slot defining program 33e for defining a time slot using the timer 33c, and the core unit 33d operates according to the time slot defining program 33e and functions as a time slot defining circuit.
- the core unit 33d also detects a beacon signal that serves as a reference for defining a time slot from the signal demodulated by the demodulation circuit 32c.
- the timer 33c measures time by counting the number of clocks of the operation clock signal, and detects that the unit time has elapsed every time it is counted by a preset reference clock number.
- the core unit 33d measures the reception timing of the beacon signal by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 based on the detection of the beacon signal, and defines the time slot using the timer 33c starting from the reception timing.
- the time length of the time slot is set in advance and is common between the receiver 2, the operation switch 3, and the like.
- the memory 33x can be configured by a nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM.
- an oscillator for an operation clock used for operation of a microcomputer does not have a very high accuracy and accuracy of an oscillation frequency (frequency of an operation clock signal). Therefore, if the time is measured by the timer based only on the operation clock signal and the time slot is defined based on the measured time value, the time slot will advance or delay due to the time error, and communication will occur with other devices. There is a risk that timing may be shifted and communication with other devices may not be established.
- the control microcomputer 33 further includes a correction timer 33f.
- the memory 33x further stores a time value correction program 33g, and the core unit 33d operates according to the time value correction program 33g and functions as a time value correction circuit.
- the correction timer 33f measures time based on the radio communication clock signal generated from the radio communication oscillator 32a, and counts the number of clocks of the radio communication clock signal.
- an oscillator for wireless communication is designed to oscillate with high accuracy and high accuracy in accordance with regulations of the Radio Law, and the accuracy and accuracy of the oscillation frequency (frequency of the clock signal for wireless communication) Is much higher than Therefore, the measurement time by the correction timer 33f is much more accurate and highly accurate than the measurement time by the timer 33c.
- the core unit 33d corrects the time measured by the timer 33c based on the time measured by the correction timer 33f. In this way, the core unit 33d corrects the timekeeping value based on the wireless communication clock signal generated from the wireless communication oscillator 32a.
- the specific correction method by the core part 33d will be described.
- the core unit 33d uses the correction timer 33f to count the number of clocks of the radio communication clock signal per unit time counted by the timer 33c, for example, one second. Then, the core unit 33d corrects the time value measured by the timer 33c based on the counted number of clocks of the wireless communication clock signal. Specifically, the core unit 33d divides the number of clocks of the radio communication clock signal counted in the unit time by the number of clocks of the radio communication clock signal that should be counted in the original unit time.
- the timer 33c detects that the unit time has elapsed when the operation clock signal is counted by the number of reference clocks, for example, when the cycle of the operation clock signal is shortened, it is assumed that the unit time counted by the timer 33c is also shortened. Then, the clock number C 1 of the clock signal for radio communication counted during the unit time becomes smaller than the clock number C 1 ′ counted during the unit time of the main body. Therefore, by dividing the clock number C 1 by the clock number C 1 ′, the change rate ⁇ of unit time due to the error can be obtained.
- the core unit 33d multiplies the reciprocal of the change rate ⁇ (the reciprocal of the value obtained by the above division) and the current reference clock number of the operation clock signal, and rounds off the value obtained by the multiplication. Reset the reference clock number. With this setting, the elapsed time when the operation clock signal is counted by the number of reference clocks becomes closer to the original unit time.
- the core unit 33d periodically executes time correction processing by the timer 33c. In order to reduce power consumption, the core unit 33d puts the correction timer 33f into a drive state only during the correction process.
- the core unit 33d attaches the unique identification information of the operation switch 3 as the transmission source identification information to the signal to be transmitted by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32, and adds the unique identification information of the receiver 2 as the transmission destination identification information. Then, the transmission destination unique identification information attached to the signal received by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 matches the unique identification information of the operation switch 3, and the transmission source unique identification information is set in advance by a setting device or the like. Assume that the input unique identification information of the receiver 2 matches. At that time, the core unit 33d causes the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 to perform down-conversion and demodulation processing. Such processing for identifying the transmission source and the transmission destination is also performed between the control microcomputer 23 and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21.
- FIG. 17 shows a communication method and communication operation example of the wireless communication system 1.
- the communication in the wireless communication system 1 is actually performed between the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 that constitute the receiver 2, the operation switch 3, and the like. 2 and the operation switch 3 will be described as communication subjects.
- the communication system of the wireless communication system 1 is a slotted aloha system in which communication time is divided into frames F1 having a certain length, each frame F1 is divided into a plurality of time slots having a certain time length, and communication is performed in units of time slots T1. .
- the receiver 2, the operation switch 3, and the like transmit a signal in an arbitrary time slot T1 or in a time slot T1 assigned in advance in synchronization with the time slot T1.
- the receiver 2 generates a beacon signal B1 that defines the time slot T1 and wirelessly transmits it to the operation switch 3 or the like, and the operation switch 3 or the like receives the beacon signal B1.
- Each of the receiver 2 and the operation switch 3 defines a time slot T1 based on the transmitted beacon signal B1 and the received beacon signal B1, and establishes synchronization with the time slot T1.
- the beacon signal B1 is periodically and specifically transmitted every frame F1 so that synchronization can be established continuously and accurately.
- the beacon signal B1 is arranged at the head of each frame F1.
- the empty period T2 (see FIG. 4) of the first embodiment is not provided at the end of each frame F1, but it may be provided.
- the time slot T1 in one frame F1 is not limited to the illustrated number.
- the operation switch 3 transmits an operation information signal O1 to the receiver 2 in a time slot T1 immediately after that.
- the heat ray sensor 4 transmits a person detection information signal E1 to the receiver 2 in a time slot T1 immediately after that.
- the illuminance sensor 5 periodically transmits the illuminance information signal L1 at a fixed time slot T1 assigned in advance, for example, once every 60 frames F1.
- the temperature / humidity sensor 8 also periodically transmits the temperature / humidity information signal P3, for example, once every 60 frames F1 in a fixed time slot T1 assigned in advance.
- the time slot T1 assigned to the illuminance sensor 5 and the time slot T1 assigned to the temperature / humidity sensor 8 are set to be different from each other.
- the receiver 2 When the receiver 2 receives various information signals from the operation switch 3 or the like, the receiver 2 responds by returning an acknowledgment signal A1 to the transmission source operation switch 3 or the like in the time slot T1 in which the information signal is received.
- the response signal A1 is a signal for notifying completion of reception of each information signal.
- the core part of each control microcomputer (same configuration as the core part 33d) predicts the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2. Since it is defined that the beacon signal is periodically transmitted from the receiver 2 for each frame F1, it is possible to predict the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 from the definition.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 and the like use the predicted transmission timing and the time slot T1 that transmits various information signals and receives the response signal A1 from the receiver 2. Only switched to the driving state. And the radio
- the above switching is performed by turning on the power supply from the battery 35 or the like to the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 or the like by the control microcomputer 33 or the like.
- the reception process includes a demodulation process for a signal received by the antenna.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 and the like may be switched to a driving state for each of a plurality of preset frames F1 instead of for each frame F1.
- the operation switch 3 and the like execute reception processing for at least a period of one frame F1.
- the beacon signal B1 is transmitted from the receiver 2 for each frame F1, so that the operation switch 3 and the like beacon signal at least once during the period. B1 can be received.
- the operation switch 3 etc. can detect the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2. After detecting the transmission timing for the first time after turning on the power, the operation switch 3 and the like predict the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2 and try to receive the beacon signal B1 at the predicted transmission timing. Receive processing is ready.
- the timer 33c measures using the operation clock signal of the control microcomputer 33, the consumption current of the timer 33c is compared with the case of measuring using the radio communication clock signal having a frequency higher than that of the operation clock signal. Can be suppressed.
- the clocking time of the timer 33c is corrected using the clock signal for radio communication, and generally the transmission frequency of the oscillator for radio communication that generates the clock signal for radio communication is highly accurate and accurate, so that the timekeeping accuracy is high. Can be improved. As a result, the deviation of the time slot T1 from the receiver 2 can be reduced, and the communication accuracy can be improved.
- control microcomputer 33 incorporates a time slot definition program 33e and a time value correction program 33g. Then, the core unit 33d performs calculations for resetting the definition of the time slot T1, the count of the number of clocks of the operation clock signal and the clock signal for wireless communication, and the reference clock number of the operation clock signal according to these programs. . Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a gate circuit (logic circuit) dedicated to time slot definition, a gate circuit dedicated to counting, and a gate circuit dedicated to calculation. Therefore, compared with the wireless slave unit shown in FIGS. 36A and 36B, the number of parts can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the size can be reduced.
- the time value of the timer 33c is periodically corrected by the core unit 33d. The time count error can be reduced.
- the correction timer 33f is driven only when correcting the time measured by the timer 33c, the power consumption by the correction timer 33f can be reduced.
- the correction timer 33f is driven based on a high-frequency wireless communication clock signal and consumes a large amount of current. Therefore, driving only at a specific time has a great effect of power saving. Further, since the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 is also driven only at a specific time, power consumption by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 can be reduced as compared to the case where the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 is always driven.
- the heat ray sensor 4, the illuminance sensor 5, and the temperature / humidity sensor 8 also have the same configuration as that for the operation switch 3 because the configuration for wireless communication is the same as that of the operation switch 3. The same applies to each of the modified examples).
- (First Modification of Second Embodiment) 18A and 18B show the configuration of the operation switch 3 and the internal configuration of the control microcomputer of the operation switch 3 in the wireless communication system of the first modification.
- the operation switch 3 further includes a temperature sensor element 37 that measures the temperature of the operation switch 3 itself.
- the memory 33x stores a temperature compensation program 33h and a table (hereinafter referred to as a correction table) 38 for correcting a time error based on the measured temperature.
- the core unit 33d operates according to the temperature compensation program 33h and functions as a temperature compensation circuit.
- the core portion 33d causes the temperature sensor element 37 to measure the temperature at a cycle shorter than the correction cycle, and the change amount or change rate of the current measurement temperature relative to the previous measurement temperature by the temperature sensor element 37 is a threshold value.
- the time value correction process is executed.
- the correction table 38 is a table in which the temperature zone of the operation switch 3 is associated with the timing error by the timer 33c. This time measurement error is expressed by the above-described rate of change ⁇ of unit time.
- the core unit 33d refers to the correction table 38 and corrects the time measurement value based on the time measurement error associated with the temperature zone.
- the core unit 33d measures the time error by the timer 33c, and adds the measured temperature and the time error to the correction table 38 in association with each other. The time value is corrected based on the time error.
- the wireless slave devices other than the operation switch 3 have the same configuration as that of the operation switch 3 of the present modification.
- the temperature / humidity sensor 8 it is desirable that the temperature / humidity sensor element 81 has the same configuration as the temperature sensor element 37.
- the temperature change amount or rate of change exceeds the threshold value within the correction period by the core portion 33d, and changes rapidly. Due to the temperature dependence of the operation clock oscillator 34, the time value of the timer 33c is measured. Suppose that fluctuates. Even in such a case, in this modification, the time measurement value can be corrected quickly without waiting for the next period correction. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the influence on the timing due to the temperature change, and it is possible to improve the timing accuracy.
- the temperature measured by the temperature sensor element 37 is included in the temperature zone in the table, it is not necessary to measure the time measurement error when correcting the time measurement value by the timer 33c. For this reason, the number of times of measuring the time error can be reduced, and the power consumed in the measurement can be reduced.
- FIG. 19 shows the configuration of the wireless communication system 1 according to the second modification
- FIG. 20 shows the communication operation of the receiver in the wireless communication system 1.
- the wireless communication system 1 of the present modification includes a plurality of receivers 2A, 2B, 2C (hereinafter collectively referred to as receiver 2A etc.) having the same configuration as the receiver 2 of the second embodiment. Further, the wireless communication system 1 includes three groups G1, G2, and G3 (hereinafter collectively referred to as a group G1 and the like) each including an operation switch 3 and the like.
- each group G1 etc. may be comprised not only by all but the operation switch 3 grade
- Each of the groups G1 and the like receives a beacon signal wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 such as the associated receiver 2A by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32 or the like (see FIG. 15).
- the above association is performed by arranging the group G1 and the like in the signal reachable range of the receiver 2A and the like so that the receiver 2A and the group G1 and the like can communicate with each other.
- the control microcomputer 23 of each receiver 2B, 2C incorporates a transmission timing correction program 23a that corrects the transmission timing of the beacon signal.
- the microcomputer operates in accordance with the control microcomputer 23 and the transmission timing correction program 23a, and functions as the transmission timing control microcomputer 23. This function will be described later.
- the receiver 2A and the like are configured so that the transmission timings of the beacon signals by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 do not overlap each other. This configuration will be described in detail. Although communication between the receivers 2A and the like is performed by the wired communication circuit 22, a description thereof will be omitted with the receiver 2A and the like as a communication subject.
- One of the receivers 2A and the like is set in advance as a reference station so as to transmit the beacon signal B1 first in the receiver 2A and the like.
- the receiver 2A is set as the reference station.
- the other receiver is provided with a setting operation switch (not shown) for setting the transmission order of the beacon signal B1.
- the receiver 2A wirelessly transmits the beacon signal B1 for the first time
- the receiver 2A transmits a beacon transmission notification signal indicating the transmission timing to the receivers 2B and 2C via the transmission unit 11 (see FIG. 1 again).
- the receivers 2B and 2C receive the beacon transmission notification signal, and based on the received beacon transmission notification signal, the transmission is set at a preset interval so that the transmission timings do not overlap each other, and set by the setting operation switch
- the beacon signal B1 is wirelessly transmitted. Therefore, the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 does not overlap between the receivers 2A and the like.
- the interval is an integral multiple of the time slot T1. Therefore, the time slot T1 defined by the beacon signal B1 is synchronized between the receivers 2A and the like, and the timing for dividing the time by the time slot T1 is aligned.
- Each of the receivers 2A and the like first wirelessly transmits a beacon signal B1 first, then independently counts the time based on the transmission timing, defines a time slot T1, and periodically transmits the beacon signal B1. Therefore, the receiver 2A or the like may cause the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 to be earlier or later than the normal timing as time elapses due to the timing error, and the beacon signal B1 between the receivers 2A or the like may be delayed. There is a risk that the transmission timing will overlap.
- the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 in the receiver 2B is delayed, and the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 partially overlaps between the receivers 2B and 2C.
- the beacon signal B1 interferes in that area. Therefore, for example, when there is a wireless slave device associated with the receiver 2C in the area, even if the wireless slave device performs reception processing at the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2C, the reception is performed. It is difficult to detect the beacon signal from the receiver 2C from the received signals.
- the receiver 2A wire-transmits a beacon transmission notification signal to the receivers 2B and 2C when the beacon signal B1 is wirelessly transmitted for each of a plurality of predetermined frames F1. Then, the receivers 2B and 2C receive the beacon transmission notification signal, and the control microcomputer 23 functions as a transmission timing correction circuit of the beacon signal B1 by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 based on the received beacon transmission notification signal. Determine the transmission timing correction amount. Specifically, the control microcomputer 23 obtains the original transmission timing at which the beacon signal B1 should be transmitted based on the received beacon transmission notification signal, and the obtained original transmission timing and the current transmission of the beacon signal B1. Compare timing. When there is a time difference between the two, the control microcomputer 23 determines the time difference as a correction amount of the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1.
- the control microcomputer 23 generates, for each frame F1, correction information indicating the determined correction amount and the number of times the frame F1 from the present time to correct the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1.
- the control microcomputer 23 includes the generated correction information in the payload in the beacon signal B1 for each frame F1 up to the frame F1 immediately before the transmission of the beacon signal B1 whose transmission timing is to be corrected.
- the circuit 21 notifies the operation switch 3 and the like. Then, when the control microcomputer 23 tries to transmit the beacon signal B1 whose transmission timing is to be corrected, the transmission timing is set to be the original transmission timing by increasing or decreasing the transmission timing by the correction amount. It is corrected to match.
- the regulation circuit such as each operation switch 3 is based on the correction information notified from the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 and received by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32, etc., and the frame F1 of the time when the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 is corrected, and the correction amount And grasp.
- beacon signals transmitted from adjacent receivers among the receivers 2A and the like can be prevented from interfering with each other. Therefore, signals can be accurately communicated with the corresponding operation switches 3 of the corresponding group G1 using the same carrier frequency between the receivers. Therefore, the limited frequency band of the wireless communication system can be effectively utilized.
- the operation switch 3 and the like of the group G1 corresponding to the receiver is based on the correction information notified from the receiver. It is possible to follow a change in transmission timing. Accordingly, it is possible to make it difficult for the time slot T1 to shift between the receivers 2B and 2C and the operation switch 3 and the like, thereby improving the communication accuracy.
- FIG. 22 shows the configuration of the device control system of the present embodiment.
- the same components as those in the above embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the device control system 10 includes a receiver 2, an operation switch 3, a heat ray sensor 4, a transmission unit 11, lighting fixtures 12A, 12B, and 12C (controlled devices), and a lighting control terminal 14 (control device).
- the receiver 2 receives a radio signal transmitted from the hot wire sensor 4.
- the transmission unit 11 transmits the signal received by the receiver 2 to the lighting control terminal 14.
- the lighting control terminal 14 controls on / off of the lighting fixture 12 based on the transmitted radio signal.
- the device control system 10 includes a wired operation switch 9 in addition to the operation switch 3 as an operation device for operating on / off of the lighting fixture 12A and the like.
- the lighting fixtures 12A, 4B, and 4C are collectively referred to as the lighting fixture 12A and the like.
- the number of lighting fixtures is not limited to the number shown.
- the operation switch 3 wirelessly transmits an operation information signal indicating the operation content to the receiver 2 when an operation for turning on / off the lighting fixture 12A or the like is performed by the user using the operation switch 3.
- the receiver 2 receives the operation information signal, and the transmission unit 11 transmits the received operation information signal to the lighting control terminal 14.
- the wired operation switch 9 wire-transmits an operation information signal indicating the operation content to the transmission unit 11, and the transmission unit 11 transmits the operation information signal to the illumination control terminal 14.
- the lighting control terminal 14 controls the lighting fixture 12A and the like on and off based on the operation information signal transmitted by the transmission unit 11.
- the device control system 10 may be provided with only one of the operation switch 3 and the wired operation switch 9.
- FIG. 23 shows the detailed configuration of each of the receiver 2, the operation switch 3, and the heat ray sensor 4 in the device control system 10 of the present embodiment.
- the heat ray sensor 4 includes the heat ray sensor element 41, the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42, the control microcomputer 43, and the battery 45 described above.
- the control microcomputer 43 includes a timer 43a and performs communication control according to the measurement time by the timer 43a.
- the operation switch 3 includes the handle 31, the wireless transmission / reception circuit 32, the control microcomputer 33, and the battery 35 described above.
- the receiver 2 includes the above-described wireless transmission / reception circuit 21, wired communication circuit 22, and control microcomputer 23.
- FIG. 24 shows a communication control procedure of the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 by the control microcomputer 43 (heat ray sensor 4).
- the control microcomputer 43 causes the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 to transmit an on signal for turning on the controlled device (S12), and after the transmission Is measured using the timer 43a (S13).
- the control microcomputer 43 When the time measured by the timer 43a reaches a predetermined on-holding period (No in S14), the control microcomputer 43 re-detects the presence of a person (Yes in S15), and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 Is not allowed to transmit an ON signal. Further, the control microcomputer 43 resets the measurement time by the timer 43a (S16), and restarts the measurement of the elapsed time using the timer 43a (S17). By this restart, the elapsed time after the measurement time reset by the process of S16 is actually measured. When the heat ray sensor does not detect the heat radiator again (No in S15), the control microcomputer 43 returns to the process of S14.
- control microcomputer 43 causes the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 to transmit an off signal for turning off the lighting fixture 12A and the like.
- FIG. 25 shows the transmission timing of the on signal and the off signal by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 transmits an ON signal. Thereafter, when the heat ray sensor element 41 continues to detect the presence of a person for the human detection period T5, the measurement time reset by the timer 43a and the restart of the elapsed time measurement by the timer 43a are repeated during that period. Then, after the heat ray sensor element 41 no longer detects the presence of a person, when the measurement time by the timer 43a reaches the on-hold period T6 without the heat ray sensor element 21 re-detecting the human body, the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 Send off signal.
- the heat ray sensor 4 transmits an ON signal and the lighting fixture 12A or the like is turned on based on the ON signal, the user performs illumination using the operation switch 3 or the wired operation switch 9 until the on-holding period T6 elapses. It is assumed that an operation for turning off the instrument 12A or the like is performed. In that case, it is not necessary for the heat ray sensor 4 to transmit an OFF signal.
- the transmission unit 11 receives a signal indicating the above operation from the wired operation switch 9, the transmission unit 11 transmits the signal to the receiver 2.
- the wired communication circuit 22 receives the signal, and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 transmits a state information signal indicating that the lighting fixture 12 ⁇ / b> A and the like are turned off to the heat ray sensor 4.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 also transmits a state information signal to the heat ray sensor 4 when receiving a signal indicating the operation from the operation switch 3.
- FIG. 26 shows a control process executed by the control microcomputer 43 (heat ray sensor 4) at that time.
- the control microcomputer 43 stops the measurement when the state information signal is received by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 (Yes in S22) while measuring the elapsed time after the ON transmission by the timer 43a (Yes in S21) ( S23). Normally, since the off signal is transmitted when the measurement time by the timer 43a reaches the on-holding period, the off-signal is transmitted even if the measurement time reaches the on-holding period by stopping the measurement. Will not be sent. Further, the control microcomputer 43 returns the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 to the original state in which the ON signal can be transmitted (S24). By this state switching, the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 enters a state of transmitting an ON signal when the heat ray sensor element 41 detects the presence of a person.
- FIG. 27 shows an example of the communication method and communication operation.
- the communication is performed between the wireless transmission / reception circuits 21, 42, and 32 that constitute the receiver 2, the heat ray sensor 4, and the like.
- the receiver 2, the heat ray sensor 4, and the like are hereinafter referred to. It will be described as a communication subject.
- the above communication method is a slotted aloha method in which the communication time is divided into frames F1 having a certain length, each frame F1 is divided into a plurality of time slots having a certain time length, and communication is performed in units of time slots T1.
- the heat ray sensor 4 or the like transmits a signal in an arbitrary time slot T1 in synchronization with the time slot T1.
- the receiver 2 generates a beacon signal B1 that defines the time slot T1 and wirelessly transmits it to the heat ray sensor 4 or the like, and the heat ray sensor 4 or the like receives the beacon signal B1.
- the receiver 2, the heat ray sensor 4, and the like each define a time slot T1 based on the transmitted beacon signal B1 and the received beacon signal B1, and synchronize with the time slot T1.
- the beacon signal B1 is periodically and specifically transmitted every frame F1 so that synchronization can be established continuously and accurately.
- the beacon signal B1 is arranged at the head of each frame F1, and the period from the beacon signal B1 to the time slot T1 immediately before the next beacon signal B1 is set as one frame F1.
- a predetermined downlink dedicated time slot T7 is negotiated in the time slot T1, and the downlink dedicated time slot T7 will be described later.
- the time slot T1 in one frame F1 is not limited to the illustrated number.
- the heat ray sensor 4 sends the signal E2 of either the on signal or the off signal to the receiver 2 at the time slot T1 immediately after the on-hold period elapses when the human signal is detected if it is an on signal. Send.
- the operation switch 3 transmits an operation information signal O1 indicating the operation content to the receiver 2 in the time slot T1 immediately after the operation when the user operates the lighting fixture 12A or the like using the handle 31.
- the receiver 2 When the receiver 2 receives a signal from the hot wire sensor 4 or the like, the receiver 2 responds by returning a response signal A1 to the transmission source hot wire sensor 4 or the operation switch 3 in the time slot T1 in which the signal is received.
- the response signal A1 is a signal for notifying completion of reception of each information signal.
- the heat ray sensor 4 and the like predict the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2. Since it is defined that the beacon signal is periodically transmitted from the receiver 2 for each frame F1, it is possible to predict the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 from the definition.
- the radio transmission / reception circuits 42 and 32 transmit the predicted transmission timing, the time slot T1 for transmitting the signal and receiving the response signal A1 from the receiver 2, and the downlink only to suppress the consumption of the batteries 45 and 35. Only the time slot T7 is switched to the driving state. And the radio
- the above switching is performed by turning on the power supply from the batteries 45 and 35 to the wireless transmission / reception circuits 42 and 32 by the control microcomputers 43 and 33. Further, the above reception processing is processing on a signal received by the antenna, and includes demodulation processing. In order to further suppress the consumption of the batteries 45 and 35, the radio transmission / reception circuits 42 and 32 may be switched to a driving state for each of a plurality of preset frames F1 instead of for each frame F1.
- the heat ray sensor 4 and the like execute reception processing for at least a period of one frame F1.
- the beacon signal B1 is transmitted from the receiver 2 every frame F1, so that the heat ray sensor 4 or the like transmits the beacon signal at least once during the period. B1 can be received.
- etc. Can detect the transmission timing of beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2.
- FIG. After the power is turned on, after detecting the transmission timing first, the heat ray sensor 4 and the like predict the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2, and receive the beacon signal B1 at the predicted transmission timing. Execute the process.
- FIG. 28 shows the timing at which the receiver 2 transmits a state information signal indicating that the lighting fixture 12A and the like are turned off.
- the receiver 2 transmits the state information signal I1 to the heat ray sensor 4 in the downlink dedicated time slot T7.
- the downlink dedicated time slot T7 is a time slot in which only signal transmission from the receiver 2 to the heat ray sensor 4 is permitted, and is provided for each frame F1, and one fixed time slot in each frame F1 is a downlink dedicated time. It is set as slot T7.
- the hot wire sensor 4 transmits a response signal A1 indicating that the state information signal I1 is received to the receiver 2 in the next time slot.
- FIG. 29 shows a control process executed by the control microcomputer 43 (heat ray sensor) in the downlink dedicated time slot T7.
- the control microcomputer 43 executes the reception process by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 (Yes in S31) (S32), and measures the reception level by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 (S33).
- the control microcomputer 43 continues the reception process by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 (S35).
- the control microcomputer 43 stops the reception process (S36).
- the problems of the conventional device control system will be described.
- the heat ray sensor transmits an ON signal at predetermined time intervals during the human detection period T5 (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-69985). Therefore, since the heat sensor frequently transmits an ON signal wirelessly during the human detection period T5, there is a problem that power consumption by the heat sensor increases.
- the person is detected by the heat ray sensor element 41 and the ON signal is transmitted from the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42, the person is detected again by the heat ray sensor element 41 until the ON holding period T6 elapses. Even if it is done, the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 does not transmit an ON signal. Therefore, the number of ON signal transmissions in the heat ray sensor 4 can be reduced. Therefore, the power consumption of the heat ray sensor 4 can be reduced. As a result, the power consumption of the battery 45 can be reduced, and the period during which the heat ray sensor 4 can be driven by the battery 45 can be extended. Further, it is possible to reduce wireless communication traffic.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 transmits an off signal, so that the lighting fixture 12A and the like can be turned off based on the off signal. it can. Therefore, it can prevent that lighting fixture 12A etc. remain turned on, and can control on / off of lighting fixture 12A etc. appropriately.
- the heat ray sensor element 41 detects a person and the wireless transmission / reception circuit 42 transmits an ON signal
- the heat ray sensor element 41 detects the person again until the on-hold period T6 elapses
- the heat ray sensor element 41 substantially remains on.
- the period T6 is extended. Therefore, the on / off control of the lighting fixture 12A and the like can be made more finely and suitable for the current situation.
- the heat ray sensor 4 transmits the ON signal and before the OFF signal is transmitted, the user operates the operation switch 3 or the wired operation switch 9 to turn off the lighting fixture 12A, and then the person is detected again. Even so, the heat ray sensor 4 can immediately transmit the ON signal. Accordingly, the lighting fixture 12A and the like can be turned on again, and the lighting fixture 12A and the like can be reliably turned on in response to human detection by the heat ray sensor 4.
- the heat ray sensor 4 since the receiver 2 transmits the status information signal I1 in the downlink dedicated time slot T7, the heat ray sensor 4 only needs to execute the reception process in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 in order to receive the status information signal I1. The power required for receiving the state information signal I1 can be reduced. Further, even when the hot-wire sensor 4 executes the reception process in the downlink dedicated time slot T7, if the receiver 2 does not transmit the state information signal I1 and the reception level is less than the threshold value, the reception process is stopped. , Wasteful power consumption can be reduced.
- the wireless transmission / reception circuits 42 and 32 are driven only at specific times, the power consumption of the batteries 45 and 35 by the wireless transmission / reception circuits 42 and 32 can be reduced compared to the case where the wireless transmission / reception circuits 42 and 32 are always driven. Can do.
- the heat ray sensor 4 and the operation switch 3 are driven by the batteries 45 and 35, the wiring work of the power supply line is unnecessary, and the introduction of the device control system 10 is facilitated.
- FIG. 32 shows a configuration of a device control system according to the first modification.
- N may be an integer of 2 or more.
- Each of these heat ray sensors 4A, 4B, 4C (hereinafter collectively referred to as heat ray sensor 4A etc.) is assigned N unique identification numbers to one heat ray sensor.
- the device control system 10 includes wired operation switches 9A, 9B, and 9C (hereinafter, wired operation switch 9A and the like) having the same configuration as that of the wired operation switch 9 according to the reference embodiment.
- the heat ray sensor 4A and the wired operation switch 9A are associated with the lighting fixture 12A, and the lighting fixture 12A is turned on and off when the user operates the wired operation switch 9A or when the heat ray sensor 4A detects a person. Further, the heat ray sensor 4B and the wired operation switch 9B and the lighting fixture 12B are associated with each other in the same manner as described above. For this reason, the lighting device 12A and the like may be turned off by the wired operation switch 9A and the like after each of the heat ray sensors 4A and the like transmits an on signal for turning on the lighting device 12A and the like, and before transmitting the off signal. Can happen.
- the receiver 2 and the heat ray sensor 4A of the present modification are configured assuming such a case, and the configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 23 again and FIG. FIG. 33 shows the transmission timing of the state information signal I1 by the receiver 2 in this modification.
- the receiver 2 sets the N frames F1 as one frame group SF1, and notifies the heat ray sensor 4A of the order information indicating the order of the frames F1 in the frame group SF1 in the beacon signal B1 for each frame F1. Thereby, if the heat ray sensor 4A etc. receive beacon signal B1 once, it can grasp
- the receiver 2 When the receiver 2 intends to transmit the state information signal I1 to any one of the heat ray sensors 4A, the receiver 2 sets M as a remainder value obtained by dividing the unique identification number of the heat ray sensor by N. Then, the receiver 2 transmits the status information signal I1 in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 in the Mth frame in the frame group SF1. In this way, the receiver 2 transmits the state information signal I1 to the hot-wire sensor 4A or the like in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 of the different frame F1.
- any frame F1 the order of the frames grasped based on the order information notified from the receiver 2 and the unique identification number of the heat ray sensor 4A provided with the control microcomputer 43 are divided by N. It is assumed that the obtained remainder value matches.
- the control microcomputer 43 executes the reception process by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 of the frame F1.
- a signal (hereinafter referred to as a transmission signal) transmitted from the receiver 2 and the heat ray sensor 4A will be described.
- the frame structure of the transmission signal is the same as that shown in FIG. 11 (see FIG. 11 again).
- the unique word b2 of the transmission signal by the receiver 2 and the unique word b2 of the transmission signal by each heat ray sensor 4A and the like are set to be different from each other.
- each of the heat ray sensors 4A and the like performs reception processing in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 of one frame F1 out of N frames F1, and therefore performs reception processing in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 for each frame F1. It consumes less power than when executing.
- the execution cycle of the reception process for receiving the state information signal I1 is determined in each heat ray sensor 4A or the like regardless of the length of the frame F1, even if the setting of the length of the frame F1 is changed, It is not necessary to change the execution cycle setting.
- the unique word b2 of the transmission signal by the receiver 2 and the unique word b2 of the transmission signal by each heat ray sensor 4A and the like are different from each other. Therefore, when each of the heat ray sensors 4A and the like performs reception processing in the downlink dedicated time slot T7, whether the signal being received is a signal from the receiver 2 and should continue reception processing, or from other heat ray sensors It is possible to quickly determine whether the reception process should be interrupted.
- FIG. 34 shows the configuration of the receiver, the operation switch, and the heat ray sensor in the device control system of the second modification
- FIG. 35 shows the communication operation of the receiver in the device control system.
- the device control system 10 of the present modification includes a plurality of receivers 2A, 2B, 2C (hereinafter collectively referred to as the receiver 2A etc.) having the same configuration as the receiver 2 of the reference embodiment.
- the device control system 10 includes a plurality of heat ray sensors 4A, 4B, and 4C (hereinafter collectively referred to as a heat ray sensor 4A and the like) having a configuration equivalent to that of the heat ray sensor 4 of the reference embodiment.
- the device control system 10 includes a plurality of operation switches 3A, 3B, and 3C (hereinafter collectively referred to as operation switches 3A and the like) having a configuration equivalent to that of the operation switch 3 of the reference embodiment.
- operation switches 3A and the like One heat ray sensor and one operation switch constitute one group, and the heat ray sensors 4A and the like and the operation switch 3A and the like constitute groups G4, G5, and G6 (hereinafter collectively referred to as group G1 and the like).
- each heat ray sensor 4A etc. and each operation switch 3A etc. are the same as the heat ray sensor 4 and the operation switch 3 of the said reference form as above-mentioned, it demonstrates with reference again to FIG.
- the groups G4 and the like receive beacon signals wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 such as the associated receiver 2A by the wireless transmission / reception circuits 42 and 32, respectively.
- the above association is performed by arranging the group G4 and the like in the signal reachable range of the receiver 2A and the like so that the receiver 2A and the group G4 and the like can communicate with each other.
- the control microcomputer 43 of each receiver 2B, 2C incorporates a transmission timing correction program 23a for correcting the transmission timing of the beacon signal.
- These control microcomputers 43 operate according to the transmission timing correction program 23a and function as a transmission timing correction circuit. This function will be described later.
- the receiver 2A and the like are set so that the transmission timings of the beacon signal B1 by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 do not overlap each other.
- the receivers 2A and the like are set so that the timings of the downlink dedicated time slot T7 coincide with each other and do not overlap with the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1.
- One of the receivers 2A and the like is set in advance as a reference station so as to transmit the beacon signal B1 first in the receiver 2A and the like.
- the receiver 2A is set as the reference station.
- the other receiver is provided with a setting operation switch (not shown) for setting the transmission order of the beacon signal B1.
- the receiver 2A wirelessly transmits the beacon signal B1 for the first time
- the receiver 2A transmits a beacon transmission notification signal indicating the transmission timing to the receivers 2B and 2C via the transmission unit 11 (see FIG. 22 again).
- the receivers 2B and 2C receive the beacon transmission notification signal, and based on the received beacon transmission notification signal, the transmission is set at a preset interval so that the transmission timings do not overlap each other, and set by the setting operation switch In order, the beacon signal B1 is wirelessly transmitted. Therefore, the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 does not overlap between the receivers 2A and the like.
- the interval is an integral multiple of the time slot T1. Therefore, the time slot T1 defined by the beacon signal B1 is synchronized between the receivers 2A and the like, and the timing for dividing the time by the time slot T1 is aligned.
- Each of the receivers 2A and the like first wirelessly transmits a beacon signal B1 first, then independently counts the time based on the transmission timing, defines a time slot T1, and periodically transmits the beacon signal B1. Therefore, the receiver 2A or the like may cause the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 to be earlier or later than the normal timing as time elapses due to the timing error, and the beacon signal B1 between the receivers 2A or the like may be delayed. There is a risk that the transmission timing will overlap.
- the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 in the receiver 2B is delayed, and the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 partially overlaps between the receivers 2B and 2C.
- the beacon signal B1 interferes in that area. Therefore, for example, when there is a wireless slave device associated with the receiver 2C in the area, even if the wireless slave device performs reception processing at the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 by the receiver 2C, the reception is performed. It is difficult to detect the beacon signal from the receiver 2C from the received signals.
- the receiver 2A wire-transmits a beacon transmission notification signal to the receivers 2B and 2C when the beacon signal B1 is wirelessly transmitted for each of a plurality of predetermined frames F1. Then, the receivers 2B and 2C receive the beacon transmission notification signal, and the control microcomputer 23 functions as a transmission timing correction circuit of the beacon signal B1 by the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 based on the received beacon transmission notification signal. Determine the transmission timing correction amount. Specifically, the control microcomputer 23 obtains the original transmission timing at which the beacon signal B1 should be transmitted based on the received beacon transmission notification signal, and the obtained original transmission timing and the current transmission of the beacon signal B1. Compare timing. When there is a time difference between the two, the control microcomputer 23 determines the time difference as a correction amount of the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1.
- the control microcomputer 23 generates, for each frame F1, correction information indicating the determined correction amount and the number of times the frame F1 from the present time to correct the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1.
- the control microcomputer 23 includes the generated correction information in the payload in the beacon signal B1 for each frame F1 up to the frame F1 immediately before the transmission of the beacon signal B1 whose transmission timing is to be corrected.
- the circuit 21 notifies the groups G5 and G6. Then, when the control microcomputer 23 tries to transmit the beacon signal B1 whose transmission timing is to be corrected, the transmission timing is set to be the original transmission timing by increasing or decreasing the transmission timing by the correction amount. It is corrected to match.
- the control microcomputers 43 and 33 of the groups G5 and G6 are connected to the frame F1 of the time when the transmission timing of the beacon signal B1 is corrected based on the correction information notified from the wireless transmission / reception circuit 21 and received by the wireless transmission / reception circuits 42 and 32. And grasp the correction amount. And a prescription
- the frame configuration of the transmission signal by the receiver 2A will be described.
- the frame configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. 11 (see FIG. 11 again).
- the unique word b2 of the transmission signal by the receiver 2A or the like is set to be different for each receiver.
- beacon signals B1 transmitted from adjacent receivers among the receivers 2A and the like can be prevented from interfering with each other. Therefore, even when the same carrier frequency is used between the receivers 2A and the like, signals can be accurately communicated with the corresponding groups G4 and the like. Therefore, a limited frequency band can be used effectively.
- the state information signal I1 transmitted from the receiver in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 is the beacon signal B1 and the upstream signal transmitted from the heat ray sensor 4A or the like or the operation switch 3A or the like to the receiver 2A or the like. Can be prevented from colliding with. Therefore, the state information signal can be reliably received by the heat ray sensor 4A or the like. Since the frequency with which each receiver 2A etc. transmits the status information signal I1 in the downlink dedicated time slot T7 is quite low, even if the timing of the downlink dedicated time slot T7 is matched between the receivers 2A etc. The possibility that the information signals I1 collide with each other is low.
- each hot-wire sensor 4A and the like execute reception processing in the downlink dedicated time slot T7, the following effects are obtained. That is, each of the heat ray sensors 4A, etc., is receiving a signal from a corresponding receiver among the receivers 2A, etc. and should continue the reception process, or from a receiver other than the corresponding receiver. It is possible to quickly determine whether the reception process should be interrupted.
- the group corresponding to the receiver among the groups G5 and G6 is based on the correction information notified from the receiver. It is possible to follow a change in transmission timing. Accordingly, it is possible to make it difficult for the time slot T1 to be shifted between the receivers 2B and 2C and the groups G5 and G6, and to improve the communication accuracy.
- this invention is not limited to the structure of said each embodiment and each modification, A various deformation
- any one of the above embodiments, each modification, and each reference example may be combined with any other.
- the wiring method between the receiver 2 and the illumination control terminal 14 and the air conditioning control terminal 15 may be a method based on DLC (Data Link Control). Further, the communication method between them may be a time division multiple access (TDMA) method.
- the communication method may be an asynchronous contention priority control method such as a CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Multiple Access) method.
- the communication method may be a frequency multiple access method using an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division) Multiplexing method, or may be a mixed type of the above various connection methods.
- any two or more of the operation switch 3, the heat ray sensor 4, the illuminance sensor 5, the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7 may be integrated, and the wireless transmission / reception circuit and the control microcomputer may be shared. Then, when a plurality of information signals are transmitted from the wireless transmission / reception circuit, the control microcomputer may automatically determine the priority of each information signal, and may prioritize transmission of information signals with high priority. .
- the beacon signal in the first reference example of the first embodiment may have a configuration equivalent to that of the third modification example of the first embodiment.
- the number of bits of the bit string of the data part b7 is set to the same number as that of the general slot T4.
- the general slots may be associated in the order of their numbers.
- the temperature to be measured by the temperature sensor element 37 may be the temperature of the atmosphere inside the heat ray sensor 4 or outside the heat ray sensor 4.
- the correction table 38 is set to a table in which the temperature zone of the atmosphere inside or outside the heat ray sensor 4 is associated with the timing error caused by the core portion 33d.
- the controlled device and the control device may be an air conditioning device and an air conditioning control terminal that controls on / off of the air conditioning device.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る無線通信システムを備えた機器制御システムの構成を示す。無線通信システム1は、無線親機である無線受信器(以下、受信器という)2と、受信器2に各種情報信号を無線送信する複数の無線子機とを備える。それらの無線子機は、操作スイッチ3A、3B、熱線センサ4、照度センサ5、温度センサ6及び湿度センサ7(以下、操作スイッチ3A等と総称)により構成される。操作スイッチは、図示された数に限定されず、1つであっても、又は複数であってもよい。
(1)各操作スイッチ3A、3Bは、ユーザにより操作されたとき、その直後のスロットで操作情報信号O1を受信器2に送信し、熱線センサ4は、人の存在を検知したとき、人検知情報信号E1を受信器2に送信する。
図6は、第1の変形例に係る無線通信システム1の受信器2及び操作スイッチ3A等が各種信号を送信するときの制御内容を示す。本変形例では、受信器2が、操作スイッチ3と熱線センサ4とから操作情報信号と人検知情報信号とをそれぞれ受信したとき、応答して応答信号を操作スイッチ3と熱線センサ4とにそれぞれ送信する前に、キャリアセンスを行う。受信器2は、このキャリアセンスにより、他機が情報信号を送信中であるか否かを確認し、他機が情報信号送信中ではないと確認された場合、受送切替えを実行し、その後、応答信号を送信する。これらの一連の動作は、1タイムスロットT1内で実行される。信号送信後からタイムスロットT1の終了までには時間が余っており、その時間に無信号のガードタイムt4が設けられている。
(6)操作スイッチ3に対する応答信号A1の送信タイミングと、人検知情報信号E1の送信タイミングとが重なった場合、受信器2は、それをキャリアセンスによって検知し、応答信号A1の送信を見送り、また、中止する。これにより、人検知情報信号E1の送信が優先され、熱線センサ4は人検知情報信号E1を受信器2に送信する。
図8は、第2の変形例に係る無線通信システムの施工例を示す。無線通信システム1は、上記実施形態の受信器2と同等の構成を有する複数の受信器2A~2I(以下、受信器2A等という)を備える。受信器2A等は、建物の1つのフロア200に設置されており、例えば、1つのフロア200をマトリクス状に9つに区切ったときのそれら9つの区画内に、1区画につき1台ずつ配置されている。
図11は、第3の変形例における無線通信システム1のビーコン信号B1のフレーム構成を示す。ここで説明するフレームとは、上記のフレームF1とは別のものであり、送信信号の基本単位を指す。このビーコン信号B1は、プリアンブルb1、ユニークワードb2、ヘッダb3、送信先識別情報b4、送信元識別情報b5、データ長情報b6、データ部b7及び誤り検出符号b8により構成され、これらは1パケットに収められ、この順に送信される。
図12は、第1の参考例に係る無線通信システムの通信設定及び通信動作を示す。本参考例のタイムスロットT1には、各種情報信号のうち、優先度の高い情報信号だけが送信される優先スロットT3(優先タイムスロット)が周期的に設定されている。優先スロットT3では、所定の優先度以上、具体的には、中優先度以上の情報信号(操作情報信号、人検知情報信号)だけが送信される。優先スロットT3は、例えば、1タイムスロットおきに設定されており、その他のタイムスロットT1は、各種情報信号のいずれもが送信される一般スロットT4に設定されている。それにより、優先スロットT3と一般スロットT4とが交互に配置されている。
図13は、第2の参考例に係る無線通信システム1の受信器2及び操作スイッチ3A等の構成を示す。制御用マイコン23(受信器2)は、操作スイッチ3A等のうち、いずれかから情報信号を受信している最中に、他のいずれかから情報信号を受信した場合、前者の情報信号よりも後者の情報信号の方が送信電力が高いとき、前者の情報信号をノイズ成分と見なす。従って、制御用マイコン23は、フィルタ処理等により、後者の情報信号を優先して受信する。制御用マイコン23は、前者の情報信号よりも後者の情報信号の方が送信電力が低いときには、前者の情報信号の受信を優先して継続し、後者の情報信号をノイズ成分と見なす。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る無線通信システムを備えた機器制御システムについて図面を参照して説明する。その機器制御システムの構成は図1に示すものと同じであることから、その構成については図1を再び参照して説明する。また、第2の実施形態の図面において上記第1の実施形態と同一の構成には同一の符号を付す。
図18(a)(b)は、第1の変形例の無線通信システムにおける操作スイッチ3の構成と、その操作スイッチ3の制御用マイコンの内部構成とを示す。本変形例において、操作スイッチ3は、操作スイッチ3自体の温度を計測する温度センサ素子37をさらに有する。メモリ33xには、その計測温度に基づく計時誤差補正のための温度補償プログラム33h及びテーブル(以下、補正用テーブルという)38が格納されている。コア部33dは、温度補償プログラム33hに従って動作し、温度補償回路として機能する。この機能により、コア部33dは、補正周期よりも短い周期で、温度センサ素子37に上記温度を計測させ、温度センサ素子37による前回の計測温度に対する今回の計測温度の変化量又は変化率が閾値以上であるとき、計時値の補正処理を実行する。
第2の変形例の無線通信システムにおける各操作スイッチ3等の回路構成は、上記2の実施形態と同じであることから、それらの回路構成については図15を再び参照して説明する。
本発明の一参考形態に係る機器制御システムについて図面を参照して説明する。図22は、本参考形態の機器制御システムの構成を示す。上記の各実施形態と同等の構成については同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。
(参考形態の第1の変形例)
図32は、第1の変形例に係る機器制御システムの構成を示す。本変形例の機器制御システム10では、上記参考形態の熱線センサ4と同等の構成を有した熱線センサが、N(例えばN=3)個、設けられている。Nは2以上の整数であればよい。これらの熱線センサ4A、4B、4C(以下、熱線センサ4A等と総称)には、それぞれ、N個の固有識別番号が、1つの熱線センサに対して1つの固有識別番号だけ割り当てられている。これらN個の固有識別番号は、それぞれをNで除算したときの剰余が互いに異なるように設定されていることが望ましい。また、機器制御システム10は、上記参考形態の有線操作スイッチ9と同等の構成を有した有線操作スイッチ9A、9B、9C(以下、有線操作スイッチ9A等)を有する。
図34は、第2の変形例の機器制御システムにおける受信器、操作スイッチ及び熱線センサの構成を示し、図35は、その機器制御システムにおける受信器の通信動作を示す。本変形例の機器制御システム10は、上記参考形態の受信器2と同等の構成を有した複数の受信器2A、2B、2C(以下、受信器2A等と総称)を備える。また、機器制御システム10は、上記参考形態の熱線センサ4と同等の構成を有した複数の熱線センサ4A、4B、4C(以下、熱線センサ4A等と総称)を備える。さらに、機器制御システム10は、上記参考形態の操作スイッチ3と同等の構成を有した複数の操作スイッチ3A、3B、3C(以下、操作スイッチ3A等と総称)を備える。1つの熱線センサと1つの操作スイッチとが1グループを構成し、熱線センサ4A等及び操作スイッチ3A等は、グループG4、G5、G6(以下、グループG1等と総称)を構成する。
2 無線受信器(無線親機)
23 制御用マイクロコンピュータ(送信タイミング補正回路)
3 操作スイッチ(無線子機、操作器)
32 無線送受信回路
32a 無線通信用発振器
33 制御用マイクロコンピュータ
33b タイマ
33c コア部(タイムスロット規定回路、計時補正回路、温度補償回路)
33x メモリ(記憶回路)
34 動作クロック用発振器
37 温度センサ素子
38 補正用テーブル
4 熱線センサ(無線子機、イベント検知センサ)
42 無線送受信回路
43 制御用マイクロコンピュータ
44 動作クロック用発振器
5 照度センサ(無線子機、イベント検知センサ)
52 無線送受信回路
53 制御用マイクロコンピュータ
54 動作クロック用発振器
6 温度センサ(無線子機、定期測定センサ)
62 無線送受信回路
63 制御用マイクロコンピュータ
64 動作クロック用発振器
7 湿度センサ(無線子機、定期測定センサ)
8 温湿度センサ(無線子機)
A1 応答信号(操作情報信号又はイベント情報信号の受信完了を通知する応答信号)
B1 ビーコン信号
O1 操作情報信号
E1 人検知情報信号(イベント情報信号)
P1 気温情報信号(物理量情報信号)
P2 湿度情報信号(物理量情報信号)
T1 タイムスロット
t1 キャリアセンス期間
Claims (22)
- 1. 無線親機と、前記無線親機から周期的に無線送信されるビーコン信号を受信し、前記ビーコン信号により規定されるタイムスロットに同期して、複数種類の情報信号をそれぞれ前記無線親機に無線送信する複数の無線子機と、を備えた無線通信システムにおいて、
前記複数種類の情報信号には、予め優先度が設定されており、
前記複数の無線子機は、自機から送信される情報信号の優先度が高いほど、その送信前に行われるキャリアセンスの期間が短く設定されていることを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 2. 前記優先度は、送信すべき緊急度に応じて設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線通信システム。
- 3. 前記複数の無線子機は、ユーザによって操作されたときに操作情報信号を送信する操作器と、イベントが発生したときにそのイベントを検知してイベント情報信号を送信するイベント検知センサと、周囲雰囲気の物理量を定期的に測定して物理量情報信号を送信する定期測定センサと、を含み、
前記操作情報信号及び前記イベント情報信号の優先度は、前記物理量情報信号のそれよりも高く設定されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の無線通信システム。 - 4. 前記複数の無線子機のうち、少なくとも2以上の無線子機は、前記定期測定センサであり、それらの定期測定センサは、互いに異なるタイムスロットで前記物理量情報信号を送信することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の無線通信システム。
- 5. 前記無線親機は、予め優先度が設定された、前記ビーコン信号を含む各種信号を前記タイムスロットに同期して送信するものであり、送信される前記信号の優先度が高いほど、その送信前に行われるキャリアセンスの期間が短く設定されていることを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の無線通信システム。
- 6. 前記無線親機は、前記操作情報信号と前記イベント情報信号とをそれぞれ受信したとき、前記操作情報信号又は前記イベント情報信号の受信完了を通知する応答信号を前記操作器と前記イベント検知センサとにそれぞれ送信するものであり、
前記応答信号の優先度は、前記操作情報信号及び前記イベント情報信号のそれよりも低く、前記物理量情報信号のそれよりも高く設定されていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の無線通信システム。 - 7. 前記ビーコン信号の優先度は、前記物理量情報信号のそれよりも低く設定されていることを特徴とする請求項5又は請求項6に記載の無線通信システム。
- 8. 前記無線親機は、前記物理量情報信号を受信したとき、前記定期測定センサに前記物理量情報信号の受信完了を通知する応答信号を、次に送信する予定のビーコン信号に含めて送信することを特徴とする請求項5乃至請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の無線通信システム。
- 9. 前記無線親機は、前記定期測定センサに送信すべき前記応答信号がないとき、次に予定していたビーコン信号の送信を中止することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の無線通信システム。
- 10. 前記定期測定センサは、前記無線親機に、ビーコン信号の送信を要求する要求信号を送信し、
前記無線親機は、次のビーコン信号の送信を中止する予定であったときに、前記無線子機により送信された要求信号を受信した場合、その予定を変更して次のビーコン信号を送信することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の無線通信システム。 - 11. 前記複数の無線子機の各々は、前記無線親機から周期的に無線送信されるビーコン信号を受信し、前記ビーコン信号により規定されるタイムスロットに同期して各種信号を前記無線親機に無線送信する無線送受信回路と、前記無線送受信回路における各種信号の送信処理を制御するマイクロコンピュータと、前記マイクロコンピュータの動作クロック信号を発生させる動作クロック用発振器と、を有し、
前記無線送受信回路は、送信対象の信号の搬送周波数を決める無線通信用クロック信号を発生させる無線通信用発振器を有し、
前記マイクロコンピュータは、前記動作クロック用発振器から発生する動作クロック信号に基づいて計時するタイマと、前記無線送受信回路による前記ビーコン信号の受信タイミングを起点に、前記タイマを用いて前記タイムスロットを規定するタイムスロット規定回路と、前記無線通信用発振器から発生する無線通信用クロック信号に基づいて前記タイマによる計時値を補正する計時値補正回路と、を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の無線通信システム。 - 12. 無線親機から周期的に無線送信されるビーコン信号を受信し、前記ビーコン信号により規定されるタイムスロットに同期して各種信号を前記無線親機に無線送信する無線送受信回路と、前記無線送受信回路における各種信号の送信処理を制御するマイクロコンピュータと、前記マイクロコンピュータの動作クロック信号を発生させる動作クロック用発振器と、を備えた無線子機において、
前記無線送受信回路は、送信対象の信号の搬送周波数を決める無線通信用クロック信号を発生させる無線通信用発振器を有し、
前記マイクロコンピュータは、前記動作クロック用発振器から発生する動作クロック信号に基づいて計時するタイマと、前記無線送受信回路による前記ビーコン信号の受信タイミングを起点に、前記タイマを用いて前記タイムスロットを規定するタイムスロット規定回路と、前記無線通信用発振器から発生する無線通信用クロック信号に基づいて前記タイマによる計時値を補正する計時値補正回路と、を有することを特徴とする無線子機。 - 13. 前記計時値補正回路は、前記タイマにより計時される単位時間あたりの前記無線通信用クロック信号のクロック数をカウントし、そのカウントされたクロック数に基づいて前記計時値を補正することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の無線子機。
- 14. 前記タイマは、前記動作クロック信号が予め設定された基準クロック数だけカウントされる毎に単位時間が経過したことを検知するものであり、
前記計時値補正回路は、前記単位時間にカウントされた前記無線通信用クロック信号のクロック数を、本来の単位時間にカウントされるはずの前記無線通信用クロック信号のクロック数で除算し、その除算により得た値の逆数と、現在の前記基準クロック数とを乗算し、その乗算して得た値を四捨五入した数を、前記基準クロック数として設定し直すことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の無線子機。 - 15. 前記計時値補正回路は、前記計時値の補正処理を周期的に実行することを特徴とする請求項12乃至請求項14のいずれか一項に記載の無線子機。
- 16. 前記無線子機の温度、若しくは前記無線子機内又は前記無線子機外の雰囲気の温度を計測する温度センサ素子をさらに備え、
前記マイクロコンピュータは、前記計時値補正回路による補正周期よりも短い周期で、前記温度センサに前記温度を計測させる温度補償回路をさらに有し、
前記温度補償回路は、前記温度センサ素子による前回の計測温度に対する今回の前記計測温度の変化量又は変化率が閾値以上であるとき、前記計時値補正回路に前記計時値の補正処理を実行させることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の無線子機。 - 17. 前記無線子機の温度帯、又は前記無線子機内若しくは前記無線子機外の雰囲気の温度帯と、前記タイマによる計時誤差とが対応付けられたテーブルを記憶した記憶回路をさらに備え、
前記計時値補正回路は、
前記計測温度が前記テーブル中の温度帯に含まれる場合、前記テーブルを参照して、その温度帯に対応付けられた前記計時誤差に基づいて前記計時値を補正し、
前記計測温度が前記テーブル中の温度帯に含まれない場合、前記タイマによる計時誤差を計測し、前記計測温度と前記計時誤差とを対応付けて前記テーブルに追記し、前記計時誤差に基づいて前記計時値を補正することを特徴とする請求項16に記載の無線子機。 - 18. 請求項12乃至請求項17のいずれか一項に記載の無線子機と、前記無線子機にビーコン信号を周期的に無線送信する無線送信回路を有する複数の無線親機と、を備えた無線通信システムにおいて、
前記無線子機は、複数、設けられ、
前記複数の無線子機は、それぞれ前記複数の無線親機と対応付けられ、その対応付けられた前記無線親機の前記無線送信回路から無線送信されるビーコン信号を前記無線送受信回路により受信し、
前記複数の無線親機は、前記無線送信回路による前記ビーコン信号の送信タイミングが互いに重複しないように構成されていることを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 19. 前記タイムスロット規定回路は、前記無線送信回路による前記ビーコン信号の送信タイミングを予測し、
前記無線送受信回路は、前記タイムスロット規定回路により予測された前記送信タイミングで、駆動状態に切り替えられ、前記ビーコン信号の受信処理を実行することを特徴とする請求項18に記載の無線通信システム。 - 20. 前記複数の無線親機のうち、いずれかの前記無線親機は、その他の前記無線親機に自機の前記ビーコン信号の送信タイミングを示すビーコン送信通知信号を有線送信し、その他の前記無線親機は、前記ビーコン送信通知信号を受信し、その受信した前記ビーコン送信通知信号に基づいて前記送信タイミングの補正量を決め、その決めた補正量を示す補正情報を前記ビーコン信号に含めて、前記無線送信回路により前記無線子機に通知し、
前記タイムスロット規定回路は、前記無線送信回路から通知され前記無線送受信回路により受信された前記補正情報に基づいて前記送信タイミングの予測値を補正することを特徴とする請求項19に記載の無線通信システム。 - 21. 請求項1乃至請求項11及び請求項18乃至請求項20のいずれか一項に記載の無線通信システムに用いられる無線子機。
- 22. 請求項1乃至請求項11及び請求項18乃至請求項20のいずれか一項に記載の無線通信システムに用いられる無線親機。
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JP2014057279A (ja) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-27 | Hitachi Ltd | 無線通信装置、無線通信システム、及び無線通信制御方法 |
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WO2016136989A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社フジクラ | センサノード、及びセンサノードの制御方法 |
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JPWO2016136989A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-27 | 2017-11-02 | 株式会社フジクラ | センサノード、及びセンサノードの制御方法 |
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JP7065313B2 (ja) | 2018-01-15 | 2022-05-12 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 検知情報通信装置、検知情報通信システム、通信システム、無線通信方法およびプログラム |
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Also Published As
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US20140056286A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
JPWO2012114738A1 (ja) | 2014-07-07 |
TWI502903B (zh) | 2015-10-01 |
TW201251347A (en) | 2012-12-16 |
CN103493577A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
JP2016165113A (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
KR20140003577A (ko) | 2014-01-09 |
TW201424282A (zh) | 2014-06-16 |
JP5954667B2 (ja) | 2016-07-20 |
CN106231668A (zh) | 2016-12-14 |
CN103493577B (zh) | 2016-10-26 |
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